WO2009154704A1 - Procédés et appareil pour diviser et combiner des flux de transport de codage vidéo extensible - Google Patents

Procédés et appareil pour diviser et combiner des flux de transport de codage vidéo extensible Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009154704A1
WO2009154704A1 PCT/US2009/003487 US2009003487W WO2009154704A1 WO 2009154704 A1 WO2009154704 A1 WO 2009154704A1 US 2009003487 W US2009003487 W US 2009003487W WO 2009154704 A1 WO2009154704 A1 WO 2009154704A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
stream
output
input
packets
svc
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2009/003487
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
John Qiang Li
Xiuping Lu
Shemimon Manalikudy Anthru
Original Assignee
Thomson Licensing
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of WO2009154704A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009154704A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/643—Communication protocols
    • H04N21/6437—Real-time Transport Protocol [RTP]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/234—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs
    • H04N21/2343—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements
    • H04N21/234327—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements by decomposing into layers, e.g. base layer and one or more enhancement layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/238—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. adapting the transmission rate of a video stream to network bandwidth; Processing of multiplex streams
    • H04N21/2381—Adapting the multiplex stream to a specific network, e.g. an Internet Protocol [IP] network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/45—Management operations performed by the client for facilitating the reception of or the interaction with the content or administrating data related to the end-user or to the client device itself, e.g. learning user preferences for recommending movies, resolving scheduling conflicts
    • H04N21/462—Content or additional data management, e.g. creating a master electronic program guide from data received from the Internet and a Head-end, controlling the complexity of a video stream by scaling the resolution or bit-rate based on the client capabilities
    • H04N21/4621—Controlling the complexity of the content stream or additional data, e.g. lowering the resolution or bit-rate of the video stream for a mobile client with a small screen
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/631—Multimode Transmission, e.g. transmitting basic layers and enhancement layers of the content over different transmission paths or transmitting with different error corrections, different keys or with different transmission protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/647—Control signaling between network components and server or clients; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients, e.g. controlling the quality of the video stream, by dropping packets, protecting content from unauthorised alteration within the network, monitoring of network load, bridging between two different networks, e.g. between IP and wireless
    • H04N21/64784—Data processing by the network
    • H04N21/64792—Controlling the complexity of the content stream, e.g. by dropping packets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
    • H04N21/83—Generation or processing of protective or descriptive data associated with content; Content structuring
    • H04N21/845—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments
    • H04N21/8451—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments using Advanced Video Coding [AVC]

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to the communication of video data, particularly to the transport and reception of scalable video coding video data.
  • SVC Scalable video coding
  • AVC advanced video coding
  • An SVC stream usually consists of one base layer and one or more enhancement layers.
  • the base layer can be independently decoded but an enhancement layer can only be decoded with the base layer and any other lower-level enhancement layers.
  • IP internet protocol
  • most video encoders will output an SVC stream (i.e., base and enhancement layers) over a single transport stream which is multicast to multiple end- users. This makes it difficult for a network operator to provide differentiated quality of service (QoS) for different SVC layers.
  • QoS quality of service
  • the base layer is crucial to decoding SVC video, it should be provided with greater protection against transmission error than the enhancement layers.
  • the same level of protection has to be provided to all layers, regardless of their relative importance.
  • some end-user devices with limited resources such as mobile devices, may only be able to decode and display lower-resolution video, in which case they would have no need for any enhancement layers received in an SVC stream. Nonetheless, such devices would still need to receive and parse through all of the layers in an SVC stream in order to identify the base layer packets, while discarding any enhancement layer packets.
  • Such additional processing can tax the limited resources of such devices or require of such devices greater resources than would otherwise be needed.
  • a transport entity splitter arranged between a Scalable Video Coding (SVC) video source and a distribution network converts a single SVC video transport stream over a single Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) session into multiple transport streams over multiple RTP sessions.
  • RTP Real-time Transport Protocol
  • the splitter allows different layers to be transported to different users with different capabilities.
  • QoS differentiated quality of service
  • a transport entity combiner arranged between the network and an end-user device, or embodied within the end-user device, can convert multiple video transport streams over multiple RTP sessions to a single transport stream over a single RTP session.
  • a combiner allows end-user devices to work with flexible combinations of video transport streams according to a variety of factors, such as, for example, the devices' capabilities and/or the end-user's preferences.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary arrangement for splitting and combining an SVC stream for users with different resolution requirements.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary arrangement for splitting a single SVC stream into a base layer stream and a separate enhancement layer stream.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary arrangement for combining a base layer stream and an enhancement layer stream into a single SVC stream.
  • FIGs. 4 A and 4B illustrate scenarios in which enhancement and base layer streams to be combined experience packet loss.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a one-to-two splitter.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a two-to-one combiner.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an exemplary embodiment of an SVC receiver device comprising a combiner.
  • 8-VSB eight-level vestigial sideband
  • QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
  • RF radio-frequency
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • RTP Real-time Transport Protocol
  • RTCP RTP Control Protocol
  • UDP User Datagram Protocol
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an illustrative arrangement 100 in which an SVC encoder 1 10 generates an SVC video stream that can be decoded with high-definition (HD), standard-definition (SD), or common intermediate format (CIF) resolution.
  • MPEG Moving Picture Expert Group
  • ISO/IEC 13818-1 ISO/IEC 13818-1
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an illustrative arrangement 100 in which an SVC encoder 1 10 generates an SVC video stream that can be decoded with high-definition (HD), standard-definition (SD), or common intermediate format (CIF) resolution.
  • HD high-definition
  • SD standard-definition
  • CIF common intermediate format
  • a splitter 120 splits the SVC stream into three separate streams 10-30, with stream 10 containing the base layer, stream 20 containing a first enhancement layer, and stream 30 containing a second enhancement layer of the SVC stream.
  • a CIF decoder 125 can decode the base layer stream 10 with CIF resolution.
  • a combiner 130 combines the base layer stream 10 and enhancement layer stream 20 to generate the necessary stream for an SD decoder 135.
  • a combiner 140 combines the base layer stream 10 and the two enhancement layer streams 20 and 30 for provision to an HD decoder 145.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary one-to-two splitter 200. Its input is a single multicast SVC IP stream 210 which includes the base layer and one enhancement layer.
  • the SVC IP stream 210 is associated with a first multicast IP address, for example 224.1.1.1.
  • packets belonging to different layers are encapsulated in separate IP packets and are interleaved in sequence.
  • Bl is the first packet of the base layer and El is the first packet of the enhancement layer
  • B2 is the second packet of the base layer
  • E2 is the second packet of the enhancement layer.
  • the transport protocol is RTP, in which case each packet includes an RTP header with a sequence number and timestamp, among other information.
  • RTP transport protocol
  • consecutive packets in the incoming SVC stream 210 should have consecutive RTP sequence numbers incremented by one, as is required by RTP. Illustrative sequence numbers are shown in FIG. 2 in the upper part of each packet.
  • the timestamps in the RTP headers of base and enhancement layer packets that refer to the same frame of video should be the same.
  • the exemplary splitter 200 Upon receiving the incoming SVC stream 210, the exemplary splitter 200 acts as a network proxy to perform the following functions.
  • the splitter 200 assigns a new multicast IP address to each layer.
  • the base layer is assigned address 224.1.1.2 and the enhancement layer is assigned address 224.1.1.3.
  • the destination IP address in the IP headers of the base layer packets is changed to 224.1.1.2 and the destination IP address in the IP headers of the enhancement layer packets is changed to 224.1.1.3.
  • the splitter 200 assigns a new RTP sequence number to each packet so that in the output streams 21 1, 212, the sequence numbers of consecutive packets are still consecutive and incremented by one.
  • An exemplary splitter in accordance with the invention can be implemented, for example, with software, hardware or a combination of both.
  • the splitter may be a standalone entity or it may be incorporated, for example, into an encoder or a network router, among other possibilities.
  • a one-to-two splitter is described and shown, as can be appreciated, the principles of the present invention can also be applied to implement a one-to-N splitter, where N > 2.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a one-to-two splitter 500.
  • An IP/UDP parser 510 decodes the IP/UDP packet headers of the incoming SVC IP stream and passes the packets to a RTP data handler 520.
  • the RTP data handler 520 further examines each packet to determine its type; i.e., to which layer it belongs. If the packet is a base layer packet, the RTP data handler 520 passes the packet to RTP/IP/UDP encapsulation module 530. If the packet is an enhancement layer packet, the RTP data handler 520 passes the packet to RTP/IP/UDP encapsulation module 540.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a two-to-one combiner 300.
  • Two IP streams, one stream 31 1 carrying an SVC base layer and the other stream 312 carrying an enhancement layer are provided as inputs to the combiner 300. If RTP is used, the combiner 300 relies on the RTP sequence numbers of the packets in each incoming stream to detect any packet losses.
  • the combiner 300 uses the timestamps in the RTP headers to synchronize the incoming SVC base and enhancement layer streams 31 1, 312 and to combine them into a single RTP output stream 320, as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the combined stream can be assigned a new IP address, and/or a new UDP port.
  • the combiner 300 allocates separate buffers for the incoming SVC base and enhancement layer streams 31 1, 312. After a certain buffering period, the combiner starts to combine the streams by sorting through all available packets in the incoming buffers based on the timestamp information in their RTP headers. Packets with the same timestamp are considered to be synchronized and placed into a single outgoing buffer.
  • the packets in the outgoing buffer are ordered so that they can be decoded by an SVC decoder.
  • the combiner 300 reconstructs the RTP header information for the outgoing packets.
  • the timestamp values for the outgoing packets and the initialization and incrementing of the RTP sequence numbers for the outgoing packets are preferably compliant with existing standards.
  • the packets are then sent out from the outgoing buffer as output stream 320. [0029] If a packet loss in either input stream 31 1, 312 is detected by the combiner 300, the output SVC stream 320 is generated with a gap in the RTP sequence numbers for each packet detected as lost. This allows downstream network elements (e.g., a router) to detect the packet loss based on the discontinuities in the RTP sequence numbers of the output stream 320.
  • FIGs. 4A and 4B illustrate scenarios in which the incoming enhancement and base layer streams, respectively, are missing packets. Note that in both cases, the combiner generates an uninterrupted output stream 320 with gaps in the RTP sequence numbers indicative of the lost packets. Thus, for example, as shown in FIG. 4A, the output stream 320 is missing RTP sequence numbers 4 and 6 to indicate the loss of packets E2 and E3 from the input enhancement layer stream 312. Similarly, in FIG. 4B, the output stream 320 is missing RTP sequence numbers 3 and 5 to indicate the loss of packets B2 and B3 from the input base layer stream 31 1.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a two-to-one combiner 600.
  • An IP/UDP parser 601 decodes the IP/UDP packet headers of the incoming base layer IP stream
  • IPAJDP parser 602 decodes the IPAJDP packet headers of the incoming enhancement layer IP stream.
  • a buffer 610 buffers the incoming base layer IP stream and a buffer 620 buffers the incoming enhancement layer IP stream.
  • RTP parsers 630 and 640 decode the RTP header information of the base and enhancement layer packets, respectively.
  • a combination module 650 starts to combine the buffered streams by sorting through all available packets in the incoming buffers based on the timestamp information in their RTP headers. Packets with the same timestamp are considered to be synchronized and placed into an outgoing buffer 660. The packets in the outgoing buffer 660 are ordered so that they can be decoded by an SVC decoder. The contents of the outgoing buffer 660 are provided to an encapsulation module 670 which generates a new SVC IP stream with modified fields in the RTP, IP, and/or UDP headers, as described above. The encapsulation module 670 may be omitted, for example, if the combined stream is provided directly to an SVC decoder, as described below.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a receiver device 700 comprising a combiner 710 and an SVC decoder 720.
  • the combiner 710 can be implemented as described above, to combine an incoming base layer IP stream and an incoming enhancement layer IP stream into a combined SVC stream for provision to the SVC decoder 720.
  • the SVC decoder 720 in turn, generates a decoded picture signal for provision to a display device (not shown). If implemented as part of an SVC receiver, as shown in FIG. 7, the reconstruction of the RTP header information for the combined outgoing SVC stream may be skipped and the combined SVC stream may be directly fed to the decoder 720.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Selon l'invention, dans le transport de vidéo à codage vidéo extensible (SVC), les couches de base et d'enrichissement sont divisées en flux de transport individuels qui peuvent servir à produire des niveaux de résolution différents pour des utilisateurs différents. Un dispositif simple peut utiliser seulement la couche de base, tandis que des dispositifs avec des ressources supérieures peuvent avoir le flux de couche de base et un ou plusieurs des flux de couche d'enrichissement combinés pour obtenir une meilleure résolution. En ainsi divisant un flux SVC en différents flux de transport, l'ingénierie de trafic de réseau et de qualité de service différenciés est facilitée. Un système incorporant des possibilités de division et de combinaison SVC telles que décrites peut permettre à des utilisateurs ayant des capacités différentes de partager la même infrastructure de codage et de transport tout en recevant un service et une qualité différenciés.
PCT/US2009/003487 2008-06-17 2009-06-10 Procédés et appareil pour diviser et combiner des flux de transport de codage vidéo extensible WO2009154704A1 (fr)

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US13232508P 2008-06-17 2008-06-17
US61/132,325 2008-06-17

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Cited By (16)

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US7961665B2 (en) 2006-12-13 2011-06-14 Viasat, Inc. Terminal aware multicasting
WO2012093201A1 (fr) * 2011-01-03 2012-07-12 Nokia Corporation Transmission multimédia en continu par protocole de couche transport hybride
US8358690B2 (en) 2006-12-13 2013-01-22 Viasat, Inc. Predictive adaptive coding and modulation
CN102905080A (zh) * 2011-07-25 2013-01-30 湖南纽曼数码科技有限公司 一种利用单处理器实现双路视频输出的设备及方法
US8395993B2 (en) 2006-12-13 2013-03-12 Viasat, Inc. Video and data network load balancing with video placeholder
US8411572B2 (en) 2006-12-13 2013-04-02 Viasat, Inc. ACM and fixed coding and modulation of hierarchical layers
US8411571B2 (en) 2006-12-13 2013-04-02 Viasat, Inc. Video and data network load balancing with video drop
US8456986B2 (en) 2006-12-13 2013-06-04 Viasat, Inc. Video and data network load balancing
US8576858B2 (en) 2006-12-13 2013-11-05 Viasat, Inc. Multiple transmission paths for hierarchical layers
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US9525611B2 (en) 2014-01-27 2016-12-20 Imagine Communications Corp. Transmission system implementing delay measurement and control
US9918112B2 (en) 2011-12-29 2018-03-13 Thomson Licensing System and method for multiplexed streaming of multimedia content
US10200727B2 (en) 2017-03-29 2019-02-05 International Business Machines Corporation Video encoding and transcoding for multiple simultaneous qualities of service
US10212065B2 (en) 2016-10-20 2019-02-19 Gatesair, Inc. Extended time reference generation
CN109739946A (zh) * 2018-12-25 2019-05-10 华联世纪工程咨询股份有限公司 工程数据包的生成方法及装置

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Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9036716B2 (en) 2006-12-13 2015-05-19 Viasat, Inc. Link aware mobile data network
US8456986B2 (en) 2006-12-13 2013-06-04 Viasat, Inc. Video and data network load balancing
US7944872B2 (en) 2006-12-13 2011-05-17 Viasat, Inc. Adaptive coding and modulation aware network load balancing
US8358690B2 (en) 2006-12-13 2013-01-22 Viasat, Inc. Predictive adaptive coding and modulation
US11083037B2 (en) 2006-12-13 2021-08-03 Viasat, Inc. Opportunistic progressive encoding
US8395993B2 (en) 2006-12-13 2013-03-12 Viasat, Inc. Video and data network load balancing with video placeholder
US8411572B2 (en) 2006-12-13 2013-04-02 Viasat, Inc. ACM and fixed coding and modulation of hierarchical layers
US8411571B2 (en) 2006-12-13 2013-04-02 Viasat, Inc. Video and data network load balancing with video drop
US10470236B2 (en) 2006-12-13 2019-11-05 Viasat, Inc. Opportunistic progressive encoding
US8576858B2 (en) 2006-12-13 2013-11-05 Viasat, Inc. Multiple transmission paths for hierarchical layers
US11570838B2 (en) 2006-12-13 2023-01-31 Viasat, Inc. Opportunistic progressive encoding
US7961665B2 (en) 2006-12-13 2011-06-14 Viasat, Inc. Terminal aware multicasting
WO2012093201A1 (fr) * 2011-01-03 2012-07-12 Nokia Corporation Transmission multimédia en continu par protocole de couche transport hybride
CN102905080A (zh) * 2011-07-25 2013-01-30 湖南纽曼数码科技有限公司 一种利用单处理器实现双路视频输出的设备及方法
US9918112B2 (en) 2011-12-29 2018-03-13 Thomson Licensing System and method for multiplexed streaming of multimedia content
US10142214B2 (en) 2014-01-27 2018-11-27 Gatesair, Inc. Transmission system implementing delay measurement and control
US9525611B2 (en) 2014-01-27 2016-12-20 Imagine Communications Corp. Transmission system implementing delay measurement and control
US10212065B2 (en) 2016-10-20 2019-02-19 Gatesair, Inc. Extended time reference generation
US10200727B2 (en) 2017-03-29 2019-02-05 International Business Machines Corporation Video encoding and transcoding for multiple simultaneous qualities of service
US10595063B2 (en) 2017-03-29 2020-03-17 International Business Machines Corporation Video encoding and transcoding for multiple simultaneous qualities of service
US10841630B2 (en) 2017-03-29 2020-11-17 International Business Machines Corporation Video encoding and transcoding for multiple simultaneous qualities of service
CN109739946A (zh) * 2018-12-25 2019-05-10 华联世纪工程咨询股份有限公司 工程数据包的生成方法及装置

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