WO2009143669A1 - 飞行器及其动力驱动系统 - Google Patents

飞行器及其动力驱动系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009143669A1
WO2009143669A1 PCT/CN2008/071092 CN2008071092W WO2009143669A1 WO 2009143669 A1 WO2009143669 A1 WO 2009143669A1 CN 2008071092 W CN2008071092 W CN 2008071092W WO 2009143669 A1 WO2009143669 A1 WO 2009143669A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
aircraft
stator
main shaft
rotors
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2008/071092
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
田瑜
江文彦
Original Assignee
Tian Yu
Jiang Wenyan
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tian Yu, Jiang Wenyan filed Critical Tian Yu
Priority to PCT/CN2008/071092 priority Critical patent/WO2009143669A1/zh
Publication of WO2009143669A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009143669A1/zh

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63HTOYS, e.g. TOPS, DOLLS, HOOPS OR BUILDING BLOCKS
    • A63H27/00Toy aircraft; Other flying toys
    • A63H27/12Helicopters ; Flying tops

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an aircraft, and more particularly to a coaxial twin propeller power drive system for such an aircraft. Background technique
  • Another object of the invention is to propose an aircraft of simple construction.
  • the invention provides a power drive system for an aircraft, comprising two outer rotor brushless motors, each motor comprising a stator and a rotor, wherein the stator has a consistent perforation and is sleeved on the main shaft of the aircraft through the through hole, and the rotor is arranged on the rotor
  • the stator outer ring surrounds the stator, and each rotor rotates relative to the main shaft to drive the corresponding aircraft rotor to rotate.
  • the rotor may be directly coupled to the rotor, wherein the rotor outer ring has a plurality of connecting members, and the respective rotors of the aircraft are coupled to the respective connecting members one by one.
  • the connection between the outer rotor and the rotor is varied, and the ultimate goal is to allow the rotor to rotate synchronously with the outer rotor through a mechanical connection.
  • the motors in the power drive system are each driven by a governor and control the speed.
  • the invention also provides an aircraft comprising a fuselage, a power system, a main shaft and two rotors, wherein the power system comprises two outer rotor brushless motors, each motor comprising a stator and a rotor.
  • the stator has a consistent perforation and is sleeved on the main shaft through the through hole, and the rotor is disposed on the outer ring of the stator and surrounds the stator.
  • Each rotor rotates relative to the main shaft to drive a corresponding one of the rotors to rotate.
  • the aircraft may be a model aircraft or a manned aircraft.
  • the aircraft may include a coaxial twin-blade helicopter, or other forms of coaxial twin-propeller aircraft.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of an aircraft according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged schematic view of Fig. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of an aircraft according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present embodiment is a coaxial twin-blade helicopter 100 comprising a fuselage 101 having a main shaft 102, two rotors 103, 104, and a power system and governor.
  • the outer rotor brushless motors 1 10 and 120 are power systems.
  • the outer rotor brushless motor 1 10 is exemplified and includes a stator 112 and a rotor 1 14, wherein the rotor 1 14 is disposed on the outer ring of the stator 12 and surrounds the stator to form an outer rotor structure.
  • the center of the stator 112 has a continuous through hole 112a through which the stator 112 is fixed to the main shaft 102 of the helicopter.
  • One of the rotors 103 of the helicopter is coupled to the rotor 114.
  • the rotor 103 rotates with it, thereby generating the power to drive the helicopter.
  • Two of the outer rotors and the corresponding rotors rotate in opposite directions, that is, one of the outer rotors and their rotors rotate clockwise, and the other outer rotor and its rotor rotate counterclockwise so that the counter-rotation can counteract the counter torque.
  • the present embodiment is an outer rotor instead of a main shaft to rotate the rotor 103, the main shaft 102 of the helicopter is fixed and does not have to be rotated, so that components such as bearings, housings, and the like can be omitted, and manufacturing and maintenance costs can be reduced.
  • the specific connection structure of the rotor 1 14 and the rotor 103 is as follows:
  • the rotor outer ring has a plurality of connecting portions 114a, and the rotor 103 is connected to the connecting portion 1 14a by the rotor clip 103a.
  • the rotor 103 is not limited to be directly connected to the rotor, and the rotor and the outer rotor can be realized by mechanical connection. Step rotation.
  • the specific structure of the other outer rotor brushless motor 120 is similar to that of the outer rotor brushless motor 110 described above, and thus the structure thereof will not be described.
  • the power drive system of the present embodiment includes governors 116 and 118 that are coupled to the outer rotor brushless motors 110, 120 to adjust the rotational speed of each rotor. Therefore, the brushless motor of the present invention can eliminate the need for a gearbox and can simplify the structure of the power system compared to the conventional engine.
  • the helicopter to which the power system of the present invention is applied is typically a manned helicopter, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the helicopter 100 can also be a model helicopter.
  • control system of the helicopter 100 includes a steering gear 105 and a swash plate 106, wherein the steering gear 105 controls the change in the inclination of the swash plate 106 to cause the rotor 104 to produce a periodic inclination change.
  • the counterweight 107 which acts as a balancing system, controls the rotor 103 to produce a change in inclination to increase stability.
  • the counterweight 107 has a parachute bag 108 at the top.
  • the power required by the helicopter 100 is provided by the battery 130 so that there is no pollution and carbon emissions as produced by conventional engines.
  • the power required does not necessarily come from the battery and can be obtained by other means. This is not the focus of the present invention and will not be specifically described herein.
  • FIG. 3 shows an example in which the body 201 of the aircraft 200 is UFO (unidentified flying object) shape.
  • Other components of the present embodiment such as the main shaft 102, the two pairs of rotors 103, 104, the outer rotor brushless motors 1 10 and 120, have the same components as those of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 of the same reference numerals, and are not developed here.
  • the present invention is also applicable to a helicopter-like flying robot.
  • the outer rotor brushless motor is placed on the main shaft of the aircraft, the outer rotor can be used to drive the rotor of the aircraft to rotate to achieve the purpose of outputting power.
  • the invention is therefore not limited by the scope of the above embodiments, but the scope of the appended claims.
  • Industrial applicability In the aircraft of the present invention, the outer rotor brushless motor is directly fixed on the main shaft, and the outer rotor of the brushless motor drives the rotor to rotate, and the main shaft is fixed, which can save additional moving parts.
  • brushless motors have direct drive characteristics, eliminating the need for traditional complex gearbox construction. Therefore, the present invention makes the aircraft simple, lightweight, and cost-effective. In addition, electricity can be used to reduce pollution.

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  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Description

飞行器及其动力驱动系统 技术领域
本发明涉及一种飞行器, 尤其涉及这种飞行器的共轴双桨动力驱动系统。 背景技术
现今的飞行器, 包括模型飞行器和载人飞行器, 以共轴双桨直升机为例, 大 多使用活塞式或涡轮式发动机作为动力, 这种动力系统需要采用变速箱将转速 和扭矩传递到主轴, 来实现降低转速和增加扭矩的目的。 特别需要说明的是此 类直升机为了实现共轴双桨的旋转, 必须配备相关运动部件, 如内外主轴、 轴 承、轴承座等, 并且对主轴的强度要求较高, 相关的零件制作精度要求也较高, 导致整套动力系统结构复杂, 体积庞大, 运动部件繁多, 制造和维护成本高。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提出一种结构极其简单的飞行器的动力驱动系统。
本发明的另一目的是提出一种结构简单的飞行器。
本发明提出一种飞行器的动力驱动系统, 包括两个外转子无刷电机, 每个 电机包括一定子及一转子, 其中定子具有一贯穿孔且通过该贯穿孔套于飞行器 的主轴上, 转子设于定子外圈且围绕定子, 每个转子相对于主轴旋转而驱动对 应的飞行器旋翼旋转。
在一个实施例中, 旋翼可以直接连接于转子, 其中转子外圈具有多个连接 部件, 飞行器的各旋翼分别与相应的连接部件一一连接。 特别需要说明的是外 转子和旋翼之间的连接方式是多样的, 最终目的是通过机械连接让旋翼与外转 子实现同步旋转。
在一个实施例中, 上述动力驱动系统中的电机各由一个调速器驱动并控制 转速。
本发明还提出一种飞行器, 包括机身、 动力系统、 主轴以及两副旋翼, 其 中动力系统包括两个外转子无刷电机, 每个电机包括一定子及一转子。 其中定 子具有一贯穿孔且通过该贯穿孔套于主轴上, 转子设于定子外圈且围绕定子, 每个转子相对于主轴旋转而驱动对应的一副旋翼旋转。
在本发明的实施例中, 飞行器可以是模型飞行器, 也可以是载人飞行器。 其中飞行器可包括共轴双桨直升机, 或其他形式的共轴双桨飞行器。 附图概述
本发明的特征、 性能由以下的实施例及其附图进一步描述。
图 1是本发明一个实施例的飞行器结构示意图。
图 2是图 1的局部放大示意图。
图 3是本发明另一个实施例的飞行器结构示意图。 本发明的最佳实施方式
下面将以共轴双桨直升机为例说明本发明的飞行器及其使用的动力驱动 系统, 但本领域技术人员应当明白本发明并不局限于此。
参照图 1和图 2所示,本实施例为一共轴双桨直升机 100,包括一机身 101, 机身上设有主轴 102、 两副旋翼 103、 104、 以及动力系统和调速器。 本实施例 中以外转子无刷电机 1 10及 120为动力系统。 以外转子无刷电机 1 10为例, 其 包括定子 112及转子 1 14,其中转子 1 14是设置在定子 1 12的外圈且围绕定子, 形成外转子结构。 定子 112中央具有一贯穿孔 112a, 定子 112通过该贯穿孔套 在直升机的主轴 102上而固定。而直升机的其中一副旋翼 103则连接于转子 114 上, 当转子 1 14相对于定子 112旋转时, 旋翼 103会随之旋转, 从而产生驱动 直升机飞行的动力。 其中两个外转子和相应的旋翼是相向旋转, 即其中一外转 子及其旋翼顺时针旋转, 另一外转子及其旋翼逆时针旋转, 这样相向旋转可抵 消反扭矩。
由于本实施例是以外转子而不是主轴来带动旋翼 103旋转, 因此直升机的 主轴 102是固定的, 不必旋转, 因此可省略诸如轴承、 轴承座等部件, 并降低 制造和维护等成本。
参照图 2所示, 转子 1 14与旋翼 103的具体连接结构为: 转子外圈具有多 个连接部 114a, 而旋翼 103通过旋翼夹 103a与连接部 1 14a—一连接。 然而旋 翼 103并不限定直接与转子连接, 也可以通过机械连接让旋翼与外转子实现同 步旋转。
另一外转子无刷电机 120的具体结构与上述外转子无刷电机 110类似, 因 此不再展开描述其结构。
由于无刷电机可以用调速器直接驱动, 并能输出很大扭矩。 因此, 本实施 例的动力驱动系统包括调速器 116和 118,连接至各外转子无刷电机 110、 120, 以调节各转子的转速。 因此相比传统的发动机需要使用变速箱的结构, 本发明 中的无刷电机可以不需变速箱, 可以使动力系统的结构得到简化。
本发明的动力系统所适用的直升机典型是载人直升机, 但本发明并不限制 于此。 直升机 100也可以是模型直升机。
另外,直升机 100的控制系统包括舵机 105以及倾斜盘 106,其中舵机 105 控制倾斜盘 106的倾角变化来使旋翼 104产生周期性倾角变化。 而作为平衡系 统的平衡锤 107则可控制旋翼 103产生倾角变化, 以增大稳定性。 平衡锤 107 顶部设有降落伞包 108。 这些机构并非本发明的重点, 因此其结构不再详细叙 述, 并且这些机构也仅为举例, 并非旨在限定本发明。 根据所应用的飞行器类 型的不同, 当可以选取合适的控制系统的部件。
直升机 100所需电力由电池 130提供, 因而不会有如传统发动机产生的污 染和碳排放。 所需电力并不一定来自电池, 可以通过其他方式获取。 此并非本 发明的重点, 在此不再具体阐述。
上面虽然是以直升机为例进行说明, 但本领域技术人员可容易地将其推广 到其他飞行器。图 3示出这样的一个例子,其中该飞行器 200的机身 201是 UFO (unidentified flying object) 形状。 本实施例的其他部件, 例如主轴 102、 两副 旋翼 103、 104、 外转子无刷电机 1 10及 120等部件结构与相同标号的图 1所示 实施例相同, 在此不再展开。
除此之外, 本发明还可应用于类似直升机的飞行机器人上。 只要将外转子 无刷电机设于飞行器的主轴上, 通过其外转子来带动飞行器的旋翼旋转即可达 到输出动力的目的。 因此本发明并不局限于上面实施例所举范围, 而是以所附 的权利要求书的范围为准。 工业应用性 本发明的飞行器中, 外转子无刷电机直接固定在主轴上, 无刷电机的外转 子带动旋翼转动, 而主轴固定不动, 这可以节省额外的运动部件。 再者, 无刷 电机具有直接驱动的特点, 省去了传统的复杂变速箱结构。 因此本发明可使飞 行器简单、 轻便、 成本降低。 另外, 以电作为动力可以减少污染。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种飞行器的动力驱动系统, 包括两个外转子无刷电机, 每个所述电机包 括一定子及一转子,所述定子具有一贯穿孔且通过该贯穿孔套于所述飞行器的主轴 上, 所述转子设于所述定子外圈且围绕所述定子, 每个转子相对于主轴旋转而驱 动对应的飞行器旋翼旋转。
2. 如权利要求 1所述的飞行器的动力驱动系统, 其特征在于, 所述转子外圈 具有多个连接部件, 所述飞行器的各旋翼分别与相应的各连接部件一一连接。
3. 如权利要求 1所述的飞行器的动力驱动系统,其特征在于,还包括调速器, 连接至所述各外转子无刷电机以调节所述转子的转速。
4. 一种飞行器, 包括机身、 动力驱动系统、 主轴以及两副旋翼, 其中所述动 力驱动系统包括两个外转子无刷电机,每个所述电机包括一定子及一转子,所述定 子具有一贯穿孔且通过该贯穿孔套于所述主轴上,所述转子设于所述定子外圈且围 绕所述定子, 其中每个转子相对于主轴旋转而驱动对应的飞行器旋翼旋转。
5. 如权利要求 4所述的飞行器, 其特征在于, 所述转子外圈具有多个连接部 件, 所述飞行器的各旋翼分别与相应的各连接部件一一连接。
6. 如权利要求 4所述的飞行器, 其特征在于, 还包括调速器, 连接至所述各 外转子无刷电机以调节所述转子的转速。
7. 如权利要求 4所述的飞行器, 其特征在于, 所述飞行器包括模型飞行器和 载人飞行器。
8. 如权利要求 4或 7所述的飞行器, 其特征在于, 所述飞行器包括双桨直升 机。
PCT/CN2008/071092 2008-05-27 2008-05-27 飞行器及其动力驱动系统 WO2009143669A1 (zh)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2412630A1 (de) 2010-07-27 2012-02-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Antrieb eines Heckrotors eines Hubschraubers
EP2413483A1 (de) 2010-07-30 2012-02-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elektrische Antriebsvorrichtung für ein Luftfahrzeug
CN108557070A (zh) * 2018-04-12 2018-09-21 北京理工大学 一种小型共轴双旋翼飞行器

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09240591A (ja) * 1996-03-08 1997-09-16 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd 二重反転プロペラ用駆動装置
WO2000040460A1 (fr) * 1998-12-30 2000-07-13 Jeumont Sa Dispositif de propulsion d'un batiment naval
CN2528706Y (zh) * 2002-01-25 2003-01-01 王保平 一种载人飞行器
US20060016929A1 (en) * 2004-07-23 2006-01-26 Mohr John A Counter rotating ducted fan having a permanent magnet drive
CN101079561A (zh) * 2007-07-03 2007-11-28 哈尔滨工程大学 同轴反转船用推进器
CN101177167A (zh) * 2007-12-11 2008-05-14 周公平 飞行器的动力驱动系统

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09240591A (ja) * 1996-03-08 1997-09-16 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd 二重反転プロペラ用駆動装置
WO2000040460A1 (fr) * 1998-12-30 2000-07-13 Jeumont Sa Dispositif de propulsion d'un batiment naval
CN2528706Y (zh) * 2002-01-25 2003-01-01 王保平 一种载人飞行器
US20060016929A1 (en) * 2004-07-23 2006-01-26 Mohr John A Counter rotating ducted fan having a permanent magnet drive
CN101079561A (zh) * 2007-07-03 2007-11-28 哈尔滨工程大学 同轴反转船用推进器
CN101177167A (zh) * 2007-12-11 2008-05-14 周公平 飞行器的动力驱动系统

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2412630A1 (de) 2010-07-27 2012-02-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Antrieb eines Heckrotors eines Hubschraubers
WO2012019864A2 (de) 2010-07-27 2012-02-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Antrieb eines heckrotors eines hubschraubers
US9631516B2 (en) 2010-07-27 2017-04-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Drive of a tail rotor of a helicopter
EP2413483A1 (de) 2010-07-30 2012-02-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elektrische Antriebsvorrichtung für ein Luftfahrzeug
WO2012013594A2 (de) 2010-07-30 2012-02-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elektrische antriebsvorrichtung für ein luftfahrzeug
CN108557070A (zh) * 2018-04-12 2018-09-21 北京理工大学 一种小型共轴双旋翼飞行器
CN108557070B (zh) * 2018-04-12 2019-05-03 北京理工大学 一种小型共轴双旋翼飞行器

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