WO2009142540A1 - Procédé pour refroidir l’air dans une cavité fermée d’un réfrigérateur ménager - Google Patents

Procédé pour refroidir l’air dans une cavité fermée d’un réfrigérateur ménager Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009142540A1
WO2009142540A1 PCT/RU2009/000224 RU2009000224W WO2009142540A1 WO 2009142540 A1 WO2009142540 A1 WO 2009142540A1 RU 2009000224 W RU2009000224 W RU 2009000224W WO 2009142540 A1 WO2009142540 A1 WO 2009142540A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
refrigerant
heat
cooling
cooled
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RU2009/000224
Other languages
English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Сергей Иванович ПЕТРОВ
Original Assignee
ГРАМШ, Владимир Анатольевич
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ГРАМШ, Владимир Анатольевич filed Critical ГРАМШ, Владимир Анатольевич
Publication of WO2009142540A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009142540A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
    • F25B5/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D11/00—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators
    • F25D11/006—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators with cold storage accumulators

Definitions

  • a method of cooling air in a closed cavity of a household refrigerator and a device for implementing this method is a method of cooling air in a closed cavity of a household refrigerator and a device for implementing this method.
  • the claimed invention relates to the field of refrigeration.
  • the present invention can be applied to cool the air contained in the cavity of a refrigerator of a domestic refrigerator and other refrigeration units with a relatively small volume of a refrigerator.
  • the main problem in the field of refrigeration is the extremely low efficiency of household refrigerators.
  • the refrigeration coefficient of the air cooling process is not more than 0.02 - 0.05.
  • the efficiency of the air cooling process is ten times higher than in a domestic refrigerator, while the value of the refrigeration coefficient can reach a value equal to 1.0 (and higher).
  • a method of cooling the air is known from the prior art, based on a change in the state of aggregation of a refrigerant circulating in a closed circuit of a vapor compression refrigeration machine, described in the reference book “Household refrigerators and freezers” B. S. Babakin, V. A. Vygodin, Moscow, Publishing House Kolos, 1998, pp. 19 - 23.
  • This cooling method involves compressing the refrigerant vapor in the compressor, while the vapor concentration increases, cooling the concentrated refrigerant vapor in the condenser, accompanied by their condensation, throttling the condensed refrigerant and its subsequent evaporation in a heat exchanger designed to supply heat from the cooled air to the refrigerant.
  • the cooling of the air located in the cavity of the refrigerator is carried out in the process of circulation of the refrigerant along the closed circuit of the refrigeration machine by removing heat from the cooled air directly to the evaporated refrigerant, carried out by means of a heat exchanger (evaporator).
  • a heat exchanger evaporator
  • the refrigerant circulation in the closed circuit of the chiller is stopped (the chiller drive is disconnected from the electrical network).
  • the air cooling process is resumed when its temperature rises to the maximum allowable level due to heat influx from the environment into the cavity of the refrigerator.
  • the low efficiency of the air cooling process under consideration is determined by a very insignificant amount of air thermal conductivity, which reduces the amount of thermal energy transferred from the cooled air to the evaporated refrigerant per unit time through a unit of heat exchange surface area (evaporator surface).
  • the efficiency of the air cooling process under consideration in the household refrigerator is further reduced for the following reasons:
  • the temperature inside the refrigerator does not increase due to heat influx through the wall of the refrigerator.
  • the main reason for this temperature increase is that when the doors of the refrigerator are opened, warm air from the environment enters the cavity of the freezer and refrigerator compartments. In this case, the temperature of the chilled air can rise to the maximum permissible value in less than one minute. It is obvious that the cold accumulating liquid will not be able to quickly remove the necessary amount of heat from the air, which will inevitably lead to the inclusion of the electric motor of the chiller to carry out the process of cooling the air through heat exchange with the refrigerant circulating in the closed circuit of the chiller.
  • the low cooling rate of the air carried out by its heat exchange with a cold-accumulating liquid is determined by the low thermal conductivity of the air, as well as the insufficient heat exchange area.
  • cold storage liquid will allow maintaining the temperature of chilled air at the required level only if the refrigerator doors do not open for a sufficiently long time. Under normal conditions of use of the refrigerator in question, the use of cold storage liquid will not allow to increase the interval between switching on the refrigeration machine and reduce due to the increase in the indicated intervals the amount of electricity consumed by the household refrigerator.
  • the basis of the invention is the task of creating a method of cooling air and a device that implements the specified method, which carry out the cooling of air in a closed cavity of a household refrigerator with less energy.
  • the problem is solved by creating a method of cooling air in a closed cavity of a domestic refrigerator, which consists in the process of concentration of refrigerant vapor circulating in a closed circuit of an air cooling device, concentrated refrigerant vapor is cooled and condensed, then the condensed refrigerant is throttled, then heat is brought to the refrigerant and transferred from a liquid state to a gaseous state with the formation of refrigerant vapor with a given minimum temperature and subsequent cooling of the air is carried out, while, according to the invention, the cooling of the air is carried out by means of a device for storing its heat, which is preliminarily cooled by heat exchange with a circulating refrigerant to a temperature lower than a predetermined minimum during the circulation of the refrigerant along the closed circuit of the refrigeration machine air cooling temperature, then the refrigerant circulation process in the closed circuit of the refrigeration machine is stopped and the percent ss air cooling by heat removal from the cooled air to the specified device for the accumulation of its heat.
  • the implementation of the process of cooling air by heat exchange with a device that accumulates the heat of the cooled air, which is pre-cooled with a refrigerant circulating in a closed circuit of the refrigeration machine provides an increase in the amount of heat supplied to the circulating refrigerant per unit time. This is due to the fact that any heat accumulator, regardless of the phase state of the storage substance (liquid or solid), has a higher heat capacity per unit volume of the substance and a higher thermal conductivity compared to air, which allows for the transfer of pre-accumulated heat to the refrigerant in a shorter period of time than in case of direct heat exchange of the cooled air with the refrigerant. And reducing the time of the heat transfer process of the accumulated heat of the cooled air from the storage device to the refrigerant reduces the operating time of the refrigeration machine in each air cooling cycle, which reduces the power consumption of the domestic refrigerator.
  • a device for cooling air in a closed cavity of a household refrigerator containing a closed circuit, including a device for increasing the concentration of refrigerant vapor, a condenser, a throttling device and a device for supplying heat to the refrigerant, while, according to the invention, a device for supplying heat to the refrigerant is located in the upper part of the closed cavity with cooled air, and is a device for storing heat cooled air, the body of which is made of metal with high thermal conductivity and contains at least one channel, the inlet of which is communicated with a throttling device, and the outlet is communicated with a device to increase the concentration of refrigerant vapor, while on the outer surface of the device for heat storage of cooled air, fins are made, increasing the area of its outer surface.
  • metal as an accumulating substance makes it possible to perform ribbing on the surface of the accumulating device, which increases the heat exchange surface area and accordingly increases the amount of heat supplied from the air being cooled to the device for accumulating its heat, which makes it possible to reduce the air cooling time.
  • the location of the storage device in the upper part of the closed cavity with the cooled air allows to further reduce the cooling time of the air, which ensures the occurrence of a natural circulation of the cooled air, which significantly increases the amount of heat supplied per unit time from the cooled air to the storage device.
  • Reducing the time for cooling the air by exchanging heat with the storage device allows you to quickly compensate for possible heat influx from the environment and increase the time interval between switching on the drive of the proposed device for air cooling, which will reduce the power consumption of the domestic refrigerator.
  • the proposed method for cooling air in a closed cavity of a domestic refrigerator is as follows.
  • the device for cooling the air After reaching the maximum allowable temperature of the air located in the closed cavity of the household refrigerator, the device for cooling the air is turned on and the refrigerant begins to circulate along the closed circuit of the specified device.
  • a repeating sequence of thermodynamic processes (reverse thermodynamic cycle), which are accompanied by a change in its phase state, is carried out with the refrigerant.
  • various freons or ammonia can be used as the refrigerant of the proposed refrigeration machine.
  • Refrigerant vapors are concentrated by compression (freon) or by evaporation from a water-ammonia solution (ammonia), followed by separation of water vapor.
  • the concentrated refrigerant vapor is cooled, as a rule, by removing heat into the environment, and condensed.
  • this device is cooled to a temperature lower than the specified minimum temperature for cooling the air.
  • the minimum temperature for cooling the air in the low-temperature compartment of a domestic refrigerator is –24 ° C; therefore, depending on the mass, the storage device is cooled to –25 ° C ⁇ –28 ° C (the boiling point of the refrigerant).
  • the amount of heat (Q) equal to at least the amount of heat that needs to be removed from the cooled air is removed from the storage device in order to lower its temperature from the maximum allowable to the minimum specified value. Then the device for cooling the air is turned off, while the process of circulation of the refrigerant along the closed circuit of the device for cooling the air is stopped, and the process of cooling the air is carried out by heat exchange with the cooled storage device.
  • the specified heat transfer process is accompanied by heat removal from the cooled air to the storage device, which is heated by the stored heat.
  • FIG. 1 schematically depicts the proposed device, carrying out the process of cooling the heat accumulator, made according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 schematically depicts the process of cooling Air located in the cavity of the refrigerator compartment, the proposed device, made according to the invention.
  • the proposed device for cooling air contains a closed circuit, including a device 1 for increasing the concentration of refrigerant vapor, a condenser 2, a throttling device 3 and a device 4 for accumulating the heat of the cooled air located in the cavity of the refrigerating chamber 5 of a domestic refrigerator, and the subsequent supply of the specified heat to the refrigerant.
  • the storage device 4 is located in the upper part of the refrigerating chamber 5 and is a device made of metal with high thermal conductivity, such as aluminum, with internal channels 6, which are part of the closed circuit of the refrigerating machine.
  • the inlet of channels 6 through pipelines communicates this device 4 with a throttling device 3, and the outlet of channels 6 through pipelines communicates this device 4 with a device 1 designed to increase the concentration of refrigerant vapor.
  • the storage device 4 has a mass that provides the removal of the amount of heat (Q) from the cooled air that is sufficient to lower the temperature of the cooled air to a predetermined minimum value.
  • the outer surface of the storage device 4 is made with a fin 7, increasing the area of the specified outer surface, which is a heat exchange surface with cooled air.
  • FIG. 2 shows the proposed device for cooling air at a time when the circulation of the refrigerant is not carried out.
  • heat (Q) from the cooled air is supplied to the storage device 4.
  • the proposed device operates as follows.
  • the drive of the device of the invention After reaching the maximum allowable temperature of the air located in the cavity of the refrigerating chamber 5 of the domestic refrigerator, the drive of the device of the invention is turned on and the refrigerant begins to circulate in a closed circuit of this device (see Fig. 1).
  • a repeating sequence of thermodynamic processes is carried out with the refrigerant, which are accompanied by a change in its phase state.
  • various freons can be used and then in the device 1 increase the concentration of the refrigerant by compressing its vapor, or ammonia and then in the device 1 increase the concentration of the refrigerant by evaporation from a water-ammonia solution and subsequent separation of water vapor.
  • the concentrated refrigerant vapor is sent to the condenser 2, where they are cooled and condensed, then the condensed refrigerant is sent to the throttling device 3, where it is throttled, then the refrigerant is sent to the internal channels 6 of the accumulating device 4.
  • the refrigerant moves through the internal channels 6 to heat is supplied to it from the storage device 4, while the refrigerant is transferred to a gaseous state.
  • the process of heat transfer of the refrigerant with the storage device 4 is accompanied by cooling of the specified device to a temperature lower than the specified minimum temperature for cooling the air.
  • the amount of heat (Q) is removed from the device 4, which is equal to at least the amount of heat that must be removed from the cooled air in order to lower its temperature from the maximum allowable to the minimum specified value. Then the drive of the device for cooling the air is turned off, while the process of circulation of the refrigerant along the closed circuit of the proposed device is stopped (see Fig. 2) and the process of cooling the air by heat exchange with the cooled storage device 4. This heat exchange process is accompanied by heat removal from the cooled air to storage device 4, which is heated due to the accumulated heat.
  • the device When the temperature of the storage device 4 rises to the level of the maximum allowable temperature of the cooled air, the device is resumed operation, and the cooling process of the storage device 4 is repeated by heat exchange with a refrigerant circulating in the closed circuit of the proposed device.
  • This method of cooling air and a device that implements the specified method carry out the cooling of air in a closed cavity of a domestic refrigerator with less energy.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)

Abstract

L’invention peut s’utiliser pour refroidir l’air dans des installations de réfrigération possédant un volume relativement restreint de l’armoire frigorifique. Dans ce procédé de refroidissement d’air on met en œuvre le processus de concentration des vapeurs d’un frigorifiant, son refroidissement, sa condensation et sa détente. Le frigorifiant est évaporé grâce à un échange de chaleur avec un accumulateur de froid, qui est alors refroidi à une température inférieure à celle de la température minimale prédéterminée de refroidissement de l’air. La circulation du frigorifiant est alors interrompue, et l’on effectue le refroidissement de l’air par l’évacuation de la chaleur vers l’accumulateur de froid. Le dispositif de refroidissement d’air comprend un circuit ferme qui inclut un dispositif pour augmenter la concentration des vapeurs de frigorifiant, un condenseur, un dispositif de détente et un évaporateur, qui se présente comme un accumulateur de froid. L’accumulateur de froid est disposé dans la partie supérieure de la partie fermée avec de l’air refroidi et est réalisé en un métal possédant une conductivité thermique élevée. L’invention permet de réduire la consommation d’électricité.
PCT/RU2009/000224 2008-05-22 2009-05-12 Procédé pour refroidir l’air dans une cavité fermée d’un réfrigérateur ménager WO2009142540A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2008120200 2008-05-22
RU2008120200/06A RU2411424C2 (ru) 2008-05-22 2008-05-22 Способ охлаждения воздуха в замкнутой полости бытового холодильника и устройство для реализации указанного способа

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009142540A1 true WO2009142540A1 (fr) 2009-11-26

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/RU2009/000224 WO2009142540A1 (fr) 2008-05-22 2009-05-12 Procédé pour refroidir l’air dans une cavité fermée d’un réfrigérateur ménager

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RU (1) RU2411424C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009142540A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012125068A1 (fr) * 2011-03-16 2012-09-20 ГРАМШ, Владимир Анатольевич Évaporateur

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11257763A (ja) * 1998-03-06 1999-09-24 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd 冷却装置
RU2162576C2 (ru) * 1999-04-15 2001-01-27 Государственная академия сферы быта и услуг Устройство холодильного агрегата бытового компрессионного холодильника
RU2234645C1 (ru) * 2003-01-27 2004-08-20 Южно-Российский государственный университет экономики и сервиса Бытовой компрессионный холодильник
US20060000232A1 (en) * 2002-10-10 2006-01-05 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for controlling evaporation temperature in an air conditioning system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11257763A (ja) * 1998-03-06 1999-09-24 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd 冷却装置
RU2162576C2 (ru) * 1999-04-15 2001-01-27 Государственная академия сферы быта и услуг Устройство холодильного агрегата бытового компрессионного холодильника
US20060000232A1 (en) * 2002-10-10 2006-01-05 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for controlling evaporation temperature in an air conditioning system
RU2234645C1 (ru) * 2003-01-27 2004-08-20 Южно-Российский государственный университет экономики и сервиса Бытовой компрессионный холодильник

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
B. S. BABAKIN ET AL., BYTOVYE KHOLODILNIKI I MOROZILNIKI., 1998, MOSCOW, KOLOS, pages 169 *
N.S. KOMAROV., SPRAVOCHNIK KHOLODILSCHIKA., 1962, MOSCOW, MASHGIZ, pages 88 - 89 *

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Publication number Publication date
RU2411424C2 (ru) 2011-02-10
RU2008120200A (ru) 2009-11-27

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