WO2009135833A1 - Device and method for monitoring a protection apparatus - Google Patents

Device and method for monitoring a protection apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009135833A1
WO2009135833A1 PCT/EP2009/055406 EP2009055406W WO2009135833A1 WO 2009135833 A1 WO2009135833 A1 WO 2009135833A1 EP 2009055406 W EP2009055406 W EP 2009055406W WO 2009135833 A1 WO2009135833 A1 WO 2009135833A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
functional state
state information
protective
electrical
functional
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2009/055406
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Norbert Kasper
Original Assignee
Weidmüller Interface GmbH & Co. KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Weidmüller Interface GmbH & Co. KG filed Critical Weidmüller Interface GmbH & Co. KG
Priority to EP09742051A priority Critical patent/EP2286426A1/en
Publication of WO2009135833A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009135833A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/16—Indicators for switching condition, e.g. "on" or "off"
    • H01H9/167—Circuits for remote indication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/04—Means for indicating condition of the switching device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00007—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using the power network as support for the transmission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00032—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for
    • H02J13/00036—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for the elements or equipment being or involving switches, relays or circuit breakers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
    • Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
    • Y04S40/121—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using the power network as support for the transmission

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and a method for functional condition monitoring of a protective device according to the preambles of claims 1 and 5.
  • protection device protects an electrical system from impairment and / or destruction by a disturbance event.
  • a malfunction event is understood to be an event by which electrical energy is applied to an electrical system in such a way that the electrical system is impaired or destroyed in its proper function.
  • Examples of interference events are lightning strikes or static discharges as a result of which overvoltage pulses and / or overcurrent pulses, for example galvanic, inductive or capacitive, are coupled into the electrical system and impair or destroy its function.
  • the protection devices For a person entrusted with the maintenance and / or an operator of the protection devices in question is desirable on the functional condition, for example, defective or functional, the protection devices to be informed, among other things, in case of a defective protection device immediately for replacement of the defective To provide protection device and so to minimize the period during which an electrical system to be protected by the protection device is not protected against interference.
  • the optical display elements for example Wise LEDs. These indicate the functional state of a protective device.
  • a luminous diode indicates a proper function of a protection device and a non-illuminated LED indicates a defective protection device.
  • the invention achieves the object with a device for functional status monitoring of a protective device having the features of claim 1 and with a method for monitoring the functional state of a protective device with the method steps of claim 5.
  • a functional state information characterizing a functional state of a protective device is transmitted to an optionally spatially remote evaluation device via conductors adapted to supply the protective device with electrical energy, evaluated by the latter and / or further processed and / or forwarded.
  • the effort for the monitoring, checking and / or maintenance of protective devices is thus reduced, and this also applies, in particular, to large numbers of protective devices to be monitored.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention shown as a block diagram.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a device 1 according to the invention. Shown is a central unit 2 and a number of protective devices 3, 4, 5, 6 to be monitored.
  • the protective devices shown in dashed lines and not provided with reference numerals only indicate the expandability of the device 1.
  • the central unit 2 and the protective devices 3, 4, 5, 6 to be monitored are, for example, latched onto a latching rail and, e.g. arranged in a control cabinet.
  • the monitored protective devices 3, 4, 5, 6 are connected by means of electrical conductors 7, 8 with a voltage source, not shown in Fig. 1 in parallel.
  • the voltage setti can be carried out in a unit with the central unit 2 or spatially separated from this.
  • the live conductors are looped through the central unit 2 and the central unit 2 is supplied at the terminals 9, 10 with a corresponding voltage.
  • connection means for example screw terminal connection means, for producing the required electrical connections.
  • the central unit 2 has a changer, not explicitly shown in FIG. 1, the connection contacts of which are guided via connecting means 11, 12, 13 to the outside. By means of this changeover contact, it is possible, for example, to pass on function status information to a superordinate electrical system, for example to a programmable logic controller (PLC) or to a master computer.
  • PLC programmable logic controller
  • FIG. 2 shows an illustration of the device 1 according to the invention in the form of a block diagram, wherein components of the central unit 2 and the protective devices 3, 4, 5 to be monitored are shown here.
  • the number of protectors 3, 4, 5 which can be monitored by means of the present invention is not limited to three, but can be extended by further protective devices. For reasons of clarity, only three protective devices 3, 4, 5 are shown in FIG.
  • the central unit 2 has a voltage supply means 14, for example a 24 V DC power supply for supplying the monitored protective devices 3, 4, 5 with electrical energy. Via the electrical conductors 7, 8, the voltage supply means 14 is connected to the protective devices 3, 4, 5 in a parallel circuit. As already stated, the voltage supply means 14 can also be arranged outside the central unit 2. Furthermore, the central unit 2 has a communication means 15 for communication with a communication device 3c, 4c, 5c of the protective devices 3, 4, 5 to be monitored.
  • the central unit 2 has a signaling device 16, for example, a visual display in the form of a light emitting diode and / or a changeover switching contact.
  • a signaling device 16 for example, a visual display in the form of a light emitting diode and / or a changeover switching contact.
  • the display is used to signal status information.
  • the changeover switch contact is used to relay functional status information to a higher-level electrical system, for example to a programmable logic controller (PLC) or to a master computer.
  • PLC programmable logic controller
  • the protective device 3 has - not in detail - illustrated protective elements such as spark gaps, varistors, diodes and suppressor diodes and means for determining the functional state of these protective elements and the functional state of the protection Device on.
  • An electrical signal determined by the means for determining the functional state, which characterizes a functional state, is forwarded via an electrical isolation device 3b, for example via an optocoupler, to an evaluation and communication device 3c.
  • the evaluation and communication device 3c also controls an optical display 3d for displaying a functional state.
  • the evaluation and communication device 3c detects a predetermined functional state for forwarding - for example "defect of the protective device 3" - the evaluation and communication device 3c generates a functional state information, for example a digital character string, and transmits this functional state information via the electrical conductors 7 8 to the communication means 15 of the central processing unit, where the functional status information is further processed and / or forwarded to higher-level electrical systems.
  • a functional state information for example a digital character string
  • the functional state information can have a variety of information components, for example components for identifying a specific protective device, a specific protective element of a protective device or components of the protective device itself serving merely to monitor the protective device and not to protect electrical systems.
  • information components for example components for identifying a specific protective device, a specific protective element of a protective device or components of the protective device itself serving merely to monitor the protective device and not to protect electrical systems.
  • the communication between the protective devices 3, 4, 5 to be monitored and the central unit 2 or between the evaluation and communication devices 3c and the communication means 15 via the electrical conductors 7, 8 can be done in a variety of ways known in the art. For example, when the regulated voltage source 14 is switched on for the first time, or in a setup process, the number of protective devices can be determined via the measured current. For Transmission of a functional state information can then be changed the current from a protection device within predetermined limits. This current change can then be detected by the central unit 2.
  • the forwarding / retransmission of functional status information by the central unit 2 is not limited to an optical display and / or a changeover contact.
  • a forwarding / retransmission can take place via an air interface, for example by means of a Bluetooth connection or by a line-based transmission, for example via a modem, an Ethernet network or a fieldbus sys- tem.
  • central unit 2 process status information of other devices, such as circuit breakers and forward / further processed.

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  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)

Abstract

What is disclosed is a device (1) and a method for monitoring a functional state of at least one protection apparatus (3, 4, 5, 6) for protecting electrical systems against disturbances, said device comprising: a central unit (2) with electrical conductors (7, 8) for supplying the at least one protection apparatus (3, 4, 5, 6) with electrical energy, wherein the central unit (2) comprises a communication means (15) and the at least one protection apparatus (3, 4, 5, 6) comprises an evaluation and communication unit 3c, wherein the evaluation and communication unit (3c) transfers functional state information pertaining to each protection apparatus to the communication means (15) by way of the electrical conductors (7, 8) for further processing and/or forwarding and/or display.

Description

Einrichtung und Verfahren zur Überwachung einer Schutzvorrichtung Device and method for monitoring a protective device
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Einrichtung und ein Verfahren zur Funktionszustandsüber- wachung einer Schutzvorrichtung gemäß der Oberbegriffe der Ansprüche 1 und 5.The invention relates to a device and a method for functional condition monitoring of a protective device according to the preambles of claims 1 and 5.
Die mittels der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung und mittels des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens überwachte Schutzvorrichtung schützt ein elektrisches System vor Beeinträchtigung und/oder Zerstörung durch ein Störereignis.The monitored by means of the device according to the invention and the method according to the invention protection device protects an electrical system from impairment and / or destruction by a disturbance event.
Im Kontext der vorliegenden Offenbarung wird unter einem Störereignis ein Ereignis verstanden, durch dessen Auftreten ein elektrisches System mit elektrischer Energie beaufschlagt wird, und zwar derart, dass das elektrische System in seiner ordnungsgemäßen Funktion beeinträchtigt oder zerstört wird. Beispiele für Störereignisse sind Blitzeinschläge oder statische Entladungen in deren Folge Überspannungsimpulse und / oder Überstromimpulse, beispielweise galvanisch, induktiv oder kapazitiv, in das elektrische System eingekoppelt werden und dieses in seiner Funktion beeinträchtigen oder zerstören.In the context of the present disclosure, a malfunction event is understood to be an event by which electrical energy is applied to an electrical system in such a way that the electrical system is impaired or destroyed in its proper function. Examples of interference events are lightning strikes or static discharges as a result of which overvoltage pulses and / or overcurrent pulses, for example galvanic, inductive or capacitive, are coupled into the electrical system and impair or destroy its function.
Vorstehend bezeichnete Schutzvorrichtungen für elektrische Systeme sind dem Fachmann im Aufbau und Funktion bekannt und bedürfen daher keiner weiteren Erläuterung im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung.The above-mentioned protective devices for electrical systems are known in the art in construction and function and therefore need no further explanation in the context of the present invention.
Für einen mit der Wartung betrauten Fachmann und/oder einen Betreiber von in Rede stehenden Schutzvorrichtungen ist wünschenswert über den Funktionszustand, beispielsweise defekt oder funktionsfähig, der Schutzeinrichtungen informiert zu sein, unter Anderem deshalb, um im Falle einer defekten Schutzvorrichtung sofort für einen Austausch der defekten Schutzvorrichtung zu sorgen und so den Zeitraum zu minimieren, während dessen ein durch die Schutzvorrichtung zu schützendes elektrisches Sys- tem nicht vor einem Störereingis geschützt ist.For a person entrusted with the maintenance and / or an operator of the protection devices in question is desirable on the functional condition, for example, defective or functional, the protection devices to be informed, among other things, in case of a defective protection device immediately for replacement of the defective To provide protection device and so to minimize the period during which an electrical system to be protected by the protection device is not protected against interference.
Es wurden bereits Einrichtungen zur Funktionszustandsüberwachung von in Rede stehenden Schutzvorrichtungen vorgeschlagen, die optische Anzeigeelemente, beispiels- weise Leuchtdioden, aufweisen. Diese zeigen den Funktionszustand einer Schutzvorrichtung an. Beispielsweise zeigt eine leuchtende Leuchtdiode eine ordnungsgemäße Funktion einer Schutzvorrichtung an und eine nicht leuchtende Leuchtdiode weist auf eine defekte Schutzvorrichtung hin.Facilities have already been proposed for monitoring the condition of protective devices in question, the optical display elements, for example Wise LEDs, have. These indicate the functional state of a protective device. For example, a luminous diode indicates a proper function of a protection device and a non-illuminated LED indicates a defective protection device.
Ein dann erforderliches Verfahren zur Überwachung der mit einem optischen Anzeigeelement ausgestatteten Schutzvorrichtung oder einer Mehrzahl von derartigen Schutzvorrichtungen gestaltet sich aufwändig, da die Überwachung manuell durch Fachpersonal erfolgen muss. Abhängig von der Anzahl der zu überwachenden Schutzvorrichtun- gen und abhängig vom Anbringungsort der zu überwachenden Schutzvorrichtungen kann der zur Überwachung erforderliche Aufwand beträchtlich sein.A then required method for monitoring the equipped with an optical display element protection device or a plurality of such protection devices designed consuming, since the monitoring must be done manually by professionals. Depending on the number of protection devices to be monitored and the location of the protection devices to be monitored, the effort required for monitoring can be considerable.
Demgemäss ist es eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Einrichtung zu schaffen und ein Verfahren vorzuschlagen, welche die geschilderten Nachteile behebt.Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a device and to propose a method which overcomes the disadvantages described.
Die Erfindung löst die Aufgabe mit einer Einrichtung zur Funktionszustandsüberwa- chung einer Schutzvorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 und mit einem Verfahren zur Funktionszustandsüberwachung einer Schutzvorrichtung mit den Verfahrenschritten des Anspruchs 5.The invention achieves the object with a device for functional status monitoring of a protective device having the features of claim 1 and with a method for monitoring the functional state of a protective device with the method steps of claim 5.
Erfindungsgemäß wird eine einen Funktionszustand einer Schutzvorrichtung kennzeichnenden Funktionszustandsinformation über zur Versorgung der Schutzvorrichtung mit elektrischer Energie ausgestalteten Leitern an ein ggf. räumlich entferntes Auswertemittel übertragen, von diesem ausgewertet und/oder weiterverarbeitet und/oder wei- tergemeldet.According to the invention, a functional state information characterizing a functional state of a protective device is transmitted to an optionally spatially remote evaluation device via conductors adapted to supply the protective device with electrical energy, evaluated by the latter and / or further processed and / or forwarded.
In vorteilhafter Weise wird so der Aufwand für die Überwachung, Überprüfung und/oder Wartung von Schutzvorrichtungen verringert, dies trifft auch und insbesondere bei großen Anzahlen von zu überwachenden Schutzvorrichtungen zu.Advantageously, the effort for the monitoring, checking and / or maintenance of protective devices is thus reduced, and this also applies, in particular, to large numbers of protective devices to be monitored.
Weitere Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der gegenständlichen Beschreibung, den Zeichnungen und den Merkmalen der Unteransprüche. Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend in Verbindung mit den beiliegenden Zeichnungen und der gegenständlichen Beschreibung näher erläutert.Further embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the subject description, the drawings and the features of the subclaims. The invention will be explained in more detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the description given.
Es zeigen:Show it:
Fig. 1: eine schematische Darstellung einer beispielhaften Ausführung einer erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung, und1 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention, and
Fig. 2: eine als Blockschaltbild dargestellte, beispielhafte Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung.2 shows an exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention shown as a block diagram.
Fig. 1 zeigt eine beispielhafte Ausführung einer erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung 1. Dargestellt ist eine Zentraleinheit 2 und eine Anzahl von zu überwachenden Schutzvorrichtungen 3, 4, 5, 6. Die gestrichelt dargestellten und nicht mit Bezugszeichen versehenen Schutzvorrichtungen deuten lediglich die Erweiterbarkeit der Einrichtung 1 an. Die Zentraleinheit 2 und die zu überwachenden Schutzvorrichtungen 3, 4, 5, 6 sind beispielsweise auf eine Rastschiene aufgerastet und z.B. in einem Schaltschrank angeordnet.FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a device 1 according to the invention. Shown is a central unit 2 and a number of protective devices 3, 4, 5, 6 to be monitored. The protective devices shown in dashed lines and not provided with reference numerals only indicate the expandability of the device 1. The central unit 2 and the protective devices 3, 4, 5, 6 to be monitored are, for example, latched onto a latching rail and, e.g. arranged in a control cabinet.
Zur Spannung s Versorgung, beispielsweise mit einer 24 V Gleichspannung, sind die zu überwachenden Schutzvorrichtungen 3, 4, 5, 6 mittels elektrische Leiter 7, 8 mit einer in Fig. 1 nicht dargestellten Spannungsquelle in Parallelschaltung verbunden. Die Spannung squelle kann hierbei in einer Einheit mit der Zentraleinheit 2 ausgeführt oder räumlich von dieser getrennt angeordnet sein. Im Falle einer räumlich getrennten Anordnung der Spannungsquelle sind die spannungsführenden Leiter durch die Zentraleinheit 2 durchgeschleift und die Zentraleinheit 2 wird an den Anschlüssen 9, 10 mit einer entsprechenden Spannung versorgt. Weiterhin klar ist auch, dass die Zentraleinheit 2 sowie die zu überwachenden Schutzvorrichtungen 3, 4, 5, 6 Anschlussmittel, beispielsweise Schraubklemmanschlussmittel, zur Herstellung der erforderlichen elektrischen Verbindungen aufweisen. Diese sind derart ausgestaltet, dass die elektrischen Leiter 7, 8 an eine Schutzvorrichtung angeschlossen und durchgeschleift werden, so dass an eine erste Schutzvorrichtung 3 eine weitere Schutzvorrichtung 4 angeschlossen werden kann usw. Weiterhin weist die Zentraleinheit 2 einen in Fig. 1 nicht explizit dargestellten Wechsler auf, dessen Anschlusskontakte über Anschlussmittel 11, 12, 13 nach außen geführt sind. Mittels diesem Wechselkontakt kann beispielsweise eine Weitermeldung von Funkti- onszustandsinformationen an ein übergeordnetes elektrisches System, beispielsweise an eine speicherprogrammierbare Steuerung (SPS) oder an einen Leitrechner, erfolgen.For voltage supply s, for example, with a 24 V DC, the monitored protective devices 3, 4, 5, 6 are connected by means of electrical conductors 7, 8 with a voltage source, not shown in Fig. 1 in parallel. The voltage squelle can be carried out in a unit with the central unit 2 or spatially separated from this. In the case of a spatially separated arrangement of the voltage source, the live conductors are looped through the central unit 2 and the central unit 2 is supplied at the terminals 9, 10 with a corresponding voltage. It is also clear that the central unit 2 and the protective devices 3, 4, 5, 6 to be monitored have connection means, for example screw terminal connection means, for producing the required electrical connections. These are designed such that the electrical conductors 7, 8 are connected to a protective device and looped through, so that a further protective device 4 can be connected to a first protective device 3, etc. Furthermore, the central unit 2 has a changer, not explicitly shown in FIG. 1, the connection contacts of which are guided via connecting means 11, 12, 13 to the outside. By means of this changeover contact, it is possible, for example, to pass on function status information to a superordinate electrical system, for example to a programmable logic controller (PLC) or to a master computer.
Fig. 2 zeigt eine Darstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung 1 in Form eines Blockschaltbildes wobei hier Bestandteile der Zentraleinheit 2 und der zu überwachenden Schutzvorrichtungen 3, 4, 5 dargestellt sind. Es sei nochmals daraufhingewiesen, dass die Anzahl der mittels der vorliegenden Erfindung überwachbaren Schutzvorrichtungen 3, 4, 5 nicht auf drei begrenzt ist, sondern um weitere Schutzvorrichtungen erweitert werden kann. Aus Gründen der Übersichtlichkeit werden in Fig. 2 lediglich drei Schutzvorrichtungen 3, 4, 5 dargestellt.2 shows an illustration of the device 1 according to the invention in the form of a block diagram, wherein components of the central unit 2 and the protective devices 3, 4, 5 to be monitored are shown here. It should be pointed out again that the number of protectors 3, 4, 5 which can be monitored by means of the present invention is not limited to three, but can be extended by further protective devices. For reasons of clarity, only three protective devices 3, 4, 5 are shown in FIG.
Die Zentraleinheit 2 weist ein Spannungsversorgungsmittel 14, beispielsweise ein 24 V Gleichspannungsnetzteil zur Versorgung der zu überwachenden Schutzvorrichtungen 3, 4, 5 mit elektrischer Energie auf. Über die elektrischen Leiter 7, 8 ist das Spannungsversorgungsmittel 14 mit den Schutzvorrichtungen 3, 4, 5 in einer Parallelschaltung verbunden. Wie bereits ausgeführt kann das Spannungsversorgungsmittel 14 auch au- ßerhalb der Zentraleinheit 2 angeordnet sein. Weiterhin weist die Zentraleinheit 2 ein Kommunikationsmittel 15 zur Kommunikation mit einer Kommunikationseinrichtungen 3c, 4c, 5c der zu überwachenden Schutzvorrichtungen 3, 4, 5 auf.The central unit 2 has a voltage supply means 14, for example a 24 V DC power supply for supplying the monitored protective devices 3, 4, 5 with electrical energy. Via the electrical conductors 7, 8, the voltage supply means 14 is connected to the protective devices 3, 4, 5 in a parallel circuit. As already stated, the voltage supply means 14 can also be arranged outside the central unit 2. Furthermore, the central unit 2 has a communication means 15 for communication with a communication device 3c, 4c, 5c of the protective devices 3, 4, 5 to be monitored.
Weiterhin weist die Zentraleinheit 2 ein Meldeeinrichtung 16 auf, beispielsweise eine optische Anzeige in Form einer Leuchtdiode und/oder eines Wechselschaltkontaktes. Hierbei dient die Anzeige zur Signalisierung von Funktionszustandsinformationen. Der Wechselschaltkontakt dient zur Weitermeldung von Funktionszustandsinformationen an ein übergeordnetes elektrisches System, beispielsweise an eine speicherprogrammierbare Steuerung (SPS) oder an einen Leitrechner.Furthermore, the central unit 2 has a signaling device 16, for example, a visual display in the form of a light emitting diode and / or a changeover switching contact. Here, the display is used to signal status information. The changeover switch contact is used to relay functional status information to a higher-level electrical system, for example to a programmable logic controller (PLC) or to a master computer.
Die Schutzvorrichtung 3 weist - nicht im Detail - dargestellte Schutzelemente wie Funkenstrecken, Varistoren, Dioden und Suppressordioden auf sowie Mittel zur Ermittlung des Funktionszustands dieser Schutzelemente und des Funktionszustands der Schutz- Vorrichtung auf. Ein von dem Mittel zur Funktionszustandsermittlung ermitteltes elektrisches Signal, das einen Funktionszustand charakterisiert, wird über eine Potentialtrennungseinrichtung 3b, beispielsweise über einen Optokoppler an eine Auswerte- und Kommunikationseinrichtung 3c weitergeleitet. Die Auswerte- und Kommunikationsein- richtung 3c steuert weiterhin eine optische Anzeige 3d zur Anzeige eines Funktionszustandes an.The protective device 3 has - not in detail - illustrated protective elements such as spark gaps, varistors, diodes and suppressor diodes and means for determining the functional state of these protective elements and the functional state of the protection Device on. An electrical signal determined by the means for determining the functional state, which characterizes a functional state, is forwarded via an electrical isolation device 3b, for example via an optocoupler, to an evaluation and communication device 3c. The evaluation and communication device 3c also controls an optical display 3d for displaying a functional state.
Die im Rahmen der Beschreibung der Schutzeinrichtung 3 gemachten Angaben und Aussagen gelten selbstverständlich auch für die Schutzvorrichtungen 4 und 5 sowie e- ventuell weitere - nicht dargestellte - zu überwachende Schutzvorrichtungen.The information and statements made within the scope of the description of the protective device 3 of course also apply to the protective devices 4 and 5 as well as e-ventuell further - not shown - to be monitored protective devices.
Wird von der Auswerte- und Kommunikationseinrichtung 3c ein zur Weitermeldung vorbestimmter Funktionszustand erkannt - beispielsweise "Defekt der Schutzvorrichtung 3" - so generiert die Auswerte- und Kommunikationseinrichtung 3c eine Funkti- onszustandsinformation, beispielsweise eine digitale Zeichenfolge, und überträgt diese Funktionszustandsinformation über die elektrischen Leiter 7, 8 an das Kommunikationsmittel 15 der Zentraleinheit, wo die Funktionszustandsinformation weiterverarbeitet und/oder an übergeordnete elektrische Systeme weitergemeldet wird.If the evaluation and communication device 3c detects a predetermined functional state for forwarding - for example "defect of the protective device 3" - the evaluation and communication device 3c generates a functional state information, for example a digital character string, and transmits this functional state information via the electrical conductors 7 8 to the communication means 15 of the central processing unit, where the functional status information is further processed and / or forwarded to higher-level electrical systems.
Die Funktionszustandinformation kann hierbei vielfältige Informationsbestandteile aufweisen, beispielsweise Bestandteile zur Identifikation einer bestimmten Schutzvorrichtung, eines bestimmten Schutzelements einer Schutzvorrichtung oder Bestandteile der Schutzvorrichtung selbst die lediglich der Überwachung der Schutzvorrichtung und nicht dem Schutz elektrischer Systeme dienen. Durch diese Ausgestaltung ergeben sich vielfältige Möglichkeiten hinsichtlich der Überwachung von Schutzvorrichtungen, deren Schutzelemente und weitern Bestandteilen von Schutzvorrichtungen.In this case, the functional state information can have a variety of information components, for example components for identifying a specific protective device, a specific protective element of a protective device or components of the protective device itself serving merely to monitor the protective device and not to protect electrical systems. With this configuration, there are many possibilities with regard to the monitoring of protective devices, their protective elements and further components of protective devices.
Die Kommunikation zwischen den zu überwachenden Schutzvorrichtungen 3, 4, 5 und der Zentraleinheit 2 bzw. zwischen den Auswerte- und Kommunikationseinrichtungen 3c und dem Kommunikationsmittel 15 über die elektrischen Leitern 7, 8 kann auf vielfältige und dem Fachmann bekannte Arten erfolgen. Beispielsweise kann bei einem ersten Einschalten der geregelten Spannungsquelle 14, oder in einem Setupvorgang, die Anzahl der Schutzvorrichtungen über den gemessenen Strom ermittelt werden. Zur Ü- bertragung einer Funktionszustandsinformation kann dann der Strom von einer Schutzvorrichtung in vorgegebenen Grenzen verändert werden. Diese Stromänderung kann dann von der Zentraleinheit 2 erkannt werden.The communication between the protective devices 3, 4, 5 to be monitored and the central unit 2 or between the evaluation and communication devices 3c and the communication means 15 via the electrical conductors 7, 8 can be done in a variety of ways known in the art. For example, when the regulated voltage source 14 is switched on for the first time, or in a setup process, the number of protective devices can be determined via the measured current. For Transmission of a functional state information can then be changed the current from a protection device within predetermined limits. This current change can then be detected by the central unit 2.
Wie bereits ausgeführt, sind dem Fachmann eine Vielzahl von Verfahren zur "Aufmo- dulierung" und zur Übertragung von Informationen auf zur Spannungsversorgung verwendeten elektrischen Leitern 7, 8 bekannt. Diese werden daher nicht näher erläutert.As already stated, those skilled in the art are familiar with a large number of methods for "re-modulating" and for transmitting information to electrical conductors 7, 8 used for the voltage supply. These are therefore not explained in detail.
Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt, die auf vielfache Weise abgewandelt werden können. Insbesondere ist es möglich die genannten Merkmale auch in anderen als den genannten Kombinationen auszuführen.The invention is not limited to the described embodiments, which can be modified in many ways. In particular, it is possible to carry out the mentioned features in other than the mentioned combinations.
So ist es denkbar die zu überwachenden Schutzvorrichtungen zur Versorgung mit elektrischer Energie in Reihe zu verschalten. In diesem Fall wird durch eine Konstantstrom- quelle ein konstanter Strom "eingeprägt", der selbstverständlich von den elektrischen Eigenschaften der zu überwachenden Schutzvorrichtungen abhängt.Thus, it is conceivable to connect in series the protective devices to be monitored for the supply of electrical energy. In this case, a constant current is "impressed" by a constant current source, which of course depends on the electrical properties of the protective devices to be monitored.
Die Weiterleitung/Weitermeldung von Funktionszustandsinformationen durch die Zentraleinheit 2 ist nicht auf eine optische Anzeige und/oder einen Wechslerkontakt be- schränkt. Eine Weiterleitung/Weitermeldung kann über eine Luftschnittstelle, beispielsweise durch eine Bluetooth- Verbindung oder durch eine leitungsgebundene Übertragung, beispielsweise über ein Modem, ein Ethernet-Netzwerk oder ein Feldbus sys- tem erfolgen.The forwarding / retransmission of functional status information by the central unit 2 is not limited to an optical display and / or a changeover contact. A forwarding / retransmission can take place via an air interface, for example by means of a Bluetooth connection or by a line-based transmission, for example via a modem, an Ethernet network or a fieldbus sys- tem.
Außerdem kann die Zentraleinheit 2 Funktionszustandsinformationen anderer Geräte, beispielsweise von Leitungsschutzschaltern verarbeiten und weiterleiten/weiterverarbeiten. In addition, the central unit 2 process status information of other devices, such as circuit breakers and forward / further processed.

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1. Einrichtung (1) zur Funktionszustandsüberwachung einer wenigstens einen Schutzvorrichtung (3, 4, 5, 6) zum Schutz elektrischer Systeme gegen Störereignisse mit einer Zentraleinheit (2) und elektrischen Leitern (7, 8) zur Versorgung der wenigsten einen Schutzvorrichtung (3, 4, 5, 6) mit elektrischer Energie, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zentraleinheit (2) ein Kommunikationsmittel (15) und die wenigsten eine Schutzvorrichtung (3, 4, 5, 6) eine Auswerte- und Kommunikationseinrichtung 3c aufweist, wobei die Auswerte- und Kommunikationseinrichtung (3c) eine die jeweilige Schutzvorrichtung betreffende Funktionszu- Standsinformation an das Kommunikationsmittel (15) über die elektrischen Leiter (7, 8) zur Weiterverarbeitung und/oder Weiterleitung und/oder Anzeige überträgt.1. Device (1) for monitoring the functional state of at least one protective device (3, 4, 5, 6) for protecting electrical systems against interference events with a central unit (2) and electrical conductors (7, 8) for supplying at least one protective device (3, 4, 5, 6) with electrical energy, characterized in that the central unit (2) has a communication means (15) and the at least one protection device (3, 4, 5, 6) has an evaluation and communication device 3c, wherein the evaluation and communication device (3c) transmits a functional status information concerning the respective protection device to the communication means (15) via the electrical conductors (7, 8) for further processing and / or forwarding and / or display.
2. Einrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Funktions- zustandsinformation einen Informationsbestandteil aufweist, der die Funktions- zustandsinformation einer bestimmten Schutzvorrichtung zuordnet.2. Device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the functional state information comprises an information component which assigns the functional state information to a specific protection device.
3. Einrichtung (1) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Funktionszustandsinformation einen Informationsbestandteil aufweist, der die Funktionszustandsinformation einem bestimmten Schutzelement einer bestimmten Schutzvorrichtung zuordnet.3. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the functional state information comprises an information component which assigns the functional state information to a specific protection element of a specific protection device.
4. Einrichtung (1) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Funktionszustandsinformation einen Informationsbestandteil aufweist, der die Funktionszustandsinformation einer bestimmten Komponente einer bestimmten Schutzvorrichtung zuordnet.4. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the functional state information comprises an information component which assigns the functional state information of a specific component of a particular protection device.
5. Verfahren zur Funktionszustandsüberwachung einer wenigstens einen Schutz - Vorrichtung (3, 4, 5, 6) zum Schutz elektrischer Systeme gegen Störereignisse, gekennzeichnet durch die Verfahrensschritte,5. A method for monitoring the functional state of at least one protective device (3, 4, 5, 6) for protecting electrical systems against interference events, characterized by the method steps,
a) Bestimmen eines Funktionszustandes der wenigstens einen Schutz Vorrichtung (3, 4, 5, 6), b) Erzeugen einer den Funktionszustand der wenigstens einen Schutzvorrichtung (3, 4, 5, 6) kennzeichnenden Funktionszu- standsinformation, c) Übertragen der Funktionszustandsinformation über zur Versorgung der Schutzvorrichtung (3, 4, 5, 6) mit elektrischer Energie dienenden elektrischen Leiter (7, 8), d) Auswerten der Funktionszustandsinformation, und e) Anzeigen und/oder Melden und/oder Weiterverarbeiten der Funktionszustandsinformation. a) determining a functional state of the at least one protective device (3, 4, 5, 6), b) generating the functional state information about the electrical condition of the at least one protective device (3, 4, 5, 6) characteristic functional information c) transmission of the protective device (3, 4, 5, 6) with electrical energy serving electrical conductors ( 7, 8), d) evaluating the functional state information, and e) displaying and / or reporting and / or processing the functional state information.
PCT/EP2009/055406 2008-05-09 2009-05-05 Device and method for monitoring a protection apparatus WO2009135833A1 (en)

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