WO2009135374A1 - Iptv媒体交付系统、iptv媒体内容发布方法、及媒体交付系统 - Google Patents

Iptv媒体交付系统、iptv媒体内容发布方法、及媒体交付系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009135374A1
WO2009135374A1 PCT/CN2008/073622 CN2008073622W WO2009135374A1 WO 2009135374 A1 WO2009135374 A1 WO 2009135374A1 CN 2008073622 W CN2008073622 W CN 2008073622W WO 2009135374 A1 WO2009135374 A1 WO 2009135374A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
peer
node
nodes
media content
content file
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PCT/CN2008/073622
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李木金
徐火顺
朱兴昌
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2009135374A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009135374A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00Television systems
    • H04N7/16Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
    • H04N7/173Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems with two-way working, e.g. subscriber sending a programme selection signal
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/61Network physical structure; Signal processing
    • H04N21/6106Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network
    • H04N21/6125Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network involving transmission via Internet
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/632Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing using a connection between clients on a wide area network, e.g. setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet for retrieving video segments from the hard-disk of other client devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/80Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
    • H04N21/83Generation or processing of protective or descriptive data associated with content; Content structuring
    • H04N21/845Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments
    • H04N21/8456Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments by decomposing the content in the time domain, e.g. in time segments

Definitions

  • IPTV media delivery system IPTV media content distribution method
  • IPTV Internet Protocol Television
  • TVOD TV On Demand
  • Users can watch TV live broadcasts while also performing time-shifted TV and review operations, so that users can thoroughly follow the traditional The "you broadcast me” passive liberation of the mode of watching TV.
  • the existing IPTV media delivery system is based on a client/server (C/S) structure.
  • the specific implementation process is: the client requests the media content from the server, and receives the media content from the server, wherein the media content is stored in the video server, and the server delivers the media content to the client through the network after receiving the client request. .
  • the client can also download the program content to the local and then play it, so as to realize the function of “putting and pulling”, that is, the user can adjust the progress of the program.
  • the IPTV media delivery system based on the C/S method is less scalable, and the system is difficult to extend to a large number of user clients (for example, a million user client or a tens of millions of user clients). The situation, or, if it is extended to a large number of user clients, is extremely expensive.
  • any server of any capacity will eventually fail to respond to user requests in a timely manner. If the server's resources are eventually exhausted, the media stream service cannot be provided to the client, and the server becomes a bottleneck for the IPTV media delivery system. To this end, how to reduce the pressure on the server becomes the key to the design of the IPTV media delivery system.
  • the prior art provides a number of methods, such as multicasting, batching, patching, Merging, periodic broadcasting, etc.
  • the basic starting point is to use multicast to combine multiple on-demand broadcasts of the same file into one multicast channel service;
  • the media sharding method can be used to reduce the pressure on the server.
  • the media sharding methods include: Cooperative proxy catching techniques and segment-based caching. Among them, the cooperative proxy caching technology stores the initial fragment of the hot film program in the Proxy, which shortens the waiting time of the user before the channel switching and the program playing, compared with storing the complete file in the server.
  • a first object of the present invention is to provide an IPTV media delivery system that can implement practical, low-cost media content distribution.
  • a second object of the present invention is to provide an implementation method for content distribution of an IPTV media delivery system, which can implement practical and low-cost media content distribution.
  • a third object of the present invention is to provide a media delivery system that enables practical, low-cost media content distribution.
  • the present invention provides an IPTV media delivery system, which is based on a peer-to-peer network, and includes a plurality of peer nodes, wherein the peer nodes are configured to split the IPTV media content file desired to be published into multiple The IPTV media content file segment, and the plurality of IPTV media content file segments are delivered to a plurality of peer peer nodes for storage; and/or, for receiving and storing the IPTV media content file segments delivered by the peer peer node.
  • the peer node divides the desired IPTV media content file into a plurality of IPTV media content file segments
  • a plurality of peer peer nodes are selected from the system, and each IPTV media content file segment is delivered.
  • the peer nodes are available according to the bandwidth available to the node 1 ⁇ 47 ' ⁇ , and / or the available storage space of the node 1 ⁇ ' , and / or node stability ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ' ; ' ⁇ , and / Or the system recently used the degree of the node to select the peer peer node.
  • the peer node selects the peer peer node according to the candidate probability G s '' value of the peer node, and the candidate probability G s ' of the peer node is based on the heartbeat information of the peer node.
  • the heartbeat information includes: node stability ⁇ to ⁇ , the average usage of the available bandwidth of the node, the average usage of the available bandwidth of the node ⁇ 'and the frequency of the node service streaming request; and /
  • the peer node selects the peer peer node according to the candidate probability G′ value of the peer node, and the candidate probability ⁇ ′ of the peer node is measured according to the following formula:
  • EstimatedStc ⁇ is the node stability of the peer node in the time period; ⁇ is the bandwidth available to the node of the peer node in the time period; ⁇ 'the average bandwidth available to the node of the peer node in the time period Usage rate; ⁇ reqi is the frequency of the node service streaming media request of the peer node in the time period; , , ⁇ is the weighting factor; m is the number of peer nodes joining the system.
  • the node stability of the peer node is ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ; 'measured based on the length of the time period; and/or,
  • C /r ⁇ to is the peer node staying in the system or working in the system during the time period The normal length of time;
  • EstimatedStay prev) is the historical value of EstimatedStayi;
  • the IPTV media delivery system is a cluster Structure, and wherein a pair of equal nodes are central nodes; and/or wherein a pair of equal nodes are central nodes, other peer nodes are regional central nodes and/or edge nodes; and, the child nodes collect their own heartbeat information to calculate nodes a candidate probability G, and reporting the node candidate probability G st ' and its own heartbeat information to the parent node; and/or the child node collecting its own heartbeat information and reporting its own heartbeat information to the parent node; and, if the parent node is also a child node The parent node also reports its own heartbeat information and/or node candidate probability G s '' of the child node it receives to its parent.
  • a central node configured to receive heartbeat information collected and reported by all child nodes in the system to calculate a candidate probability G of all peer nodes in the system, and provide the peer node to the peer node that desires to release the IPTV media content file to select and store each a peer peer node of the segment; and/or a heartbeat information for receiving and reporting all child node sets and/or a calculated candidate probability G s '' of the peer node to maintain a data structure, the data structure
  • the peer node associates with the corresponding candidate probability, and after receiving the request message from the peer node that desires to publish the IPTV media content file, selects the peer node with the highest candidate probability G Si ' and returns the confirmed pair
  • the peer node periodically sends heartbeat information to the central node.
  • the peer node delivers multiple IPTV media content file segments in a round-robin manner to select Several peer peer nodes are stored; and/or
  • the beginning segment or the first segments of the plurality of IPTV media content file segments are in the IPTV media delivery system where the number of copies is greater than the file segment after the start segment or the first few segments.
  • the peer node divides the IPTV media content file into a plurality of IPTV media content file segments of equal or unequal size.
  • the peer node further includes: a data storage device, configured to receive and store an IPTV media content file segment delivered by the peer peer node; and a data processor, configured to segment the IPTV media content file that is desired to be released Multiple IPTV media content file segments are selected, and a plurality of peer peer nodes are selected from the system, and each IPTV media content file segment is delivered to the selected peer peer node for storage.
  • the data processor further includes: a fragmentation processing module, configured to divide the IPTV media content file that is desired to be published into a plurality of IPTV media content file segments; and a peer peer node selection module, for the slave system A plurality of peer peer nodes are selected; a segment delivery module is configured to deliver each IPTV media content file segment to the selected peer peer node for storage.
  • the present invention provides a method for implementing content delivery of an IPTV media delivery system.
  • the system is based on a peer-to-peer network, and includes a plurality of peer nodes.
  • the IPTV media content publishing method includes: A.
  • a peer node will Deleting the released IPTV media content file into a plurality of IPTV media content file segments, and delivering the plurality of IPTV media content file segments to a plurality of peer peer nodes;
  • step A further includes: A1, the peer node divides the IPTV media content file that is desired to be published into a plurality of IPTV media content file segments;
  • the peer node selects several peer peer nodes from the system
  • the peer node delivers multiple IPTV media content file segments to the selected peer peer nodes.
  • the present invention provides a media delivery system, which is based on a peer-to-peer network, including a plurality of peer nodes, wherein a peer node is configured to split a media content file desired to be published into a plurality of media content. a file segment, and delivering a plurality of media content file segments to a plurality of peer peer nodes for storage; and/or, for receiving and storing media content file segments delivered by the peer peer node.
  • the peer node divides the desired media content file into a plurality of media content file segments, selects a plurality of peer peer nodes from the system, and delivers each media content file segment to the selected one.
  • peer peer nodes are stored.
  • the peer node selects the peer peer node according to the candidate probability G st ' value of the peer node, and the candidate probability G st ' of the peer node is measured according to the heartbeat information of the peer node,
  • Heartbeat information includes: Node stability Average utilization rate of the node may utilize the average utilization rate of the bandwidth of a node available bandwidth and Ki nodes request streaming service frequency; and / or, according to the candidate peer node a probability value G ⁇ peer node is selected to be The peer peer node, and the candidate probability G st ' of the peer node is measured according to the following formula:
  • EstimatedStayi is the node stability of the peer node in the time period; the bandwidth available to the node of the peer node in the time period; ⁇ ' is the node of the peer node in the time period The average usage of the available bandwidth; reqi is the frequency of the node service streaming request of the peer node in the time period; , , ⁇ is the weighting factor; m is the number of peer nodes joining the system.
  • a plurality of peer nodes form a cluster structure, and wherein a pair of nodes are central nodes as parent nodes of other peer nodes; and/or one pair of nodes is a central node, and other pairs
  • the nodes are regional center nodes and/or edge nodes; and, the child nodes collect their own heartbeat information to calculate the node candidate probability G S , and the node candidate probability
  • G 3 ' 1 and its own heartbeat information is reported to the parent node; and/or the child node collects its own heartbeat information and reports its own heartbeat information to the parent node; and, if the parent node is also a child node, the parent node also has its The received child node's own heartbeat information and/or the node candidate probability G' % are reported to its parent node; the central node receives the heartbeat information collected and reported by all the child nodes in the system to calculate the candidate probability G of all the peer nodes in the system.
  • the invention is based on a peer-to-peer network, comprising a plurality of peer nodes, the peer node splits the desired media content file into a plurality of media content file segments, and delivers the plurality of media content file segments to a plurality of peer peer nodes.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural block diagram of a media delivery system provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a structural block diagram of a structural module of a peer node in a media delivery system provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 7 P23430 3 is a schematic diagram of the cutting of the media content file provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the organization structure of each peer node in the media delivery system according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the content delivery of the media delivery system provided by the present invention. Method flow chart
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a method for implementing content distribution of an IPTV media delivery system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Functionality is not mentioned.
  • Peer to Peer (P2P) software can allow different computers to exchange data peer-to-peer. Each Computer running P2P software is called a peer node. ( peer ).
  • Each peer node can share media content data with other peer nodes on the network, and can locate other peer nodes through media service location and search, and then request and receive media content data from other peer nodes, ie each The peer node is both a client and a server.
  • peer nodes are able to dynamically join and leave the P2P network. For example, the reason a peer node leaves the P2P network is either P2P software, a peer-to-peer computer, or a peer-to-peer computer-to-Internet connection. This phenomenon may be caused by the user, or by a malfunction of the P2P software, computer or computer connection.
  • the size of P2P networks can fluctuate and change at any time, for example, GnutellaTM, NapsterTM, and BitTorrentTM, which are not limited by the number of users and are highly scalable.
  • the present invention constructs a media delivery system based on a peer-to-peer network to enhance the scalability of the media delivery system.
  • the basic idea of the present invention is: on the basis of P2P, a plurality of peers are used to form a media delivery system.
  • the plurality of peer nodes divide the desired media content file into a plurality of media content file segments, and Based on the segmentation-based content segmentation (MSD) algorithm, the plurality of media content file segments are delivered to a plurality of peer peer nodes for storage, thereby realizing practical and low-cost media content distribution.
  • MSD segmentation-based content segmentation
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the structure of a media delivery system 10 provided in accordance with the present invention that provides media service location and search lookup functionality.
  • the system 10 includes a plurality of peer nodes 12 interconnected by a data communication network 11.
  • the size of the media delivery system 10 can be changed at any time, and the peer node 12 can join or leave the media delivery system 10 at any time.
  • the peer nodes involved in the embodiments of the present invention may be, but are not limited to, a PC, a workstation, a set top box, Other network devices and the like, for example, the peer node 12 shown in FIG. 1 is mainly used to divide the media content file 31 desired to be distributed into a plurality of media content file segments 31 A, and deliver the plurality of media content file segments 31A.
  • the plurality of peer peer nodes 12 are stored, and/or for receiving and storing the media content file segment 31 A delivered by the peer peer node 12.
  • the peer node 12 when the peer node 12 needs to publish the media content file 31, after the media content file that is desired to be published is divided into a plurality of media content file segments 31A, a plurality of peers are selected from the system 10 based on the MSD algorithm. Peer node 12, and delivers each media content file segment 31A to selected peer peer nodes 12 for storage.
  • the media content file 31 may be an IPTV media content file or a non-IPTV media content file.
  • 2 is a structural block diagram of a structural module of a peer node in a media delivery system according to the present invention. Referring to FIG.
  • the peer node 12 may further include: a network interface 21, a data processor 22, a data storage device 23, a P2P software 24, and And/or a playback device 25, wherein: a network interface 21, connected to the data communication network 11 and the data processor 22, for accessing the data communication network 11 by the peer node 12 via the network interface 21, with other peer nodes 12 Interconnect communication.
  • the data processor 22 is further configured to divide the media content file 31 desired to be distributed into a plurality of media content file segments 31A in addition to encoding, decoding, and decrypting the media content file, and select a plurality of segments from the system 10.
  • the peer peer node 12 and delivers each media content file segment 31A to the selected data storage device 23 of the peer peer node 12 for storage.
  • the data processor 22 further includes: a fragmentation processing module 221, a peer peer node selection module 222, and a segment delivery module 223, wherein:
  • the fragment processing module 221 is configured to divide the media content file 31 that is desired to be published into a plurality of media content file segments 31 A.
  • the fragment processing module 221 may divide the media content file 31 that is desired to be distributed into a plurality of media content file segments 31A of equal size, or may divide the media content file 31 that is desired to be distributed into a plurality of media content files of different sizes. Section 3 1A.
  • the media content file 31 that is desired to be distributed is segmented into media content file segments 31A of unequal size to facilitate the discovery of access points of the media data, for example, the starting position of a shot of a movie or television, by media content
  • the file segment is divided into longer or shorter so that the logical access point of the media data is the starting position of the segment. For example, it is desirable to start playing a certain shot in a video slice, and the start of the shot corresponds to the starting position of the segment.
  • Each media content file segment 3 1A in turn contains a number of blocks 31B. See Figure 3, the size of block 31B is adjustable and configurable.
  • each of the blocks 31B included in the partial (not all) media content file segments 31A are equal in size.
  • the peer peer node selection module 222 is interconnected with the fragment processing module 221, and is configured to select, after the fragment processing module 221 divides the media content file that is desired to be published into multiple media content file segments, from the system 10.
  • the peer peer node selection module 222 can utilize the parameters of at least one of the following to select the peer peer node 12: the bandwidth available to the nodes of each peer node 12 in the system 10 can be utilized.
  • the storage space St i the node stability Esti draw tedStay; the extent to which the system recently utilized the node.
  • the possibility that the peer node 12 in the system is selected to store the media content file segment 31A is that the bandwidth available to the node, the storage space Sti available to the node, and the node stability E S timatedSta yi Conversely, as the node 12 has been utilized by the system 10, the degree of reduction is reduced.
  • the node stability of the peer node 12 can be measured based on the length of the time period, and the degree to which the system recently utilizes the node can be represented by the following two parameters: Average usage of the available bandwidth of the node of the peer node in the time period Rate, the frequency of node service streaming requests for peer nodes within the time period.
  • the peer peer node selection module 222 may select the peer peer node 12 to perform segment storage according to the candidate probability G of each peer node in the system, where the peer node candidate probability G st 'It can be measured according to the heartbeat information of the peer node.
  • the heartbeat information includes: node stability ⁇ > ⁇ ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4? ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ ); '' , the average utilization rate of the available bandwidth of the node, the node can be utilized ⁇
  • the candidate probability G Stl of the peer node is measured according to the following formula:
  • ⁇ ' is the node of the peer node within the time period
  • the average usage rate of the utilized bandwidth; treqi is the node serving streaming frequency of the peer node in the time period; a s', ⁇ , and ⁇ are weighting factors; m is the number of peer nodes joining the system. Also, the node stability of the peer node 12 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4? ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ ; ' can be measured according to the following formula:
  • EstimatedStay i EstimatedStay i (prev) + ⁇ CurrentStay i .
  • ⁇ ' is the length of time that the peer node stays in the system during the time period, or the length of time that the peer node is working properly in the system
  • Esti leg tedStay ⁇ p is the calendar value of EstimatedStayi
  • a and ⁇ are weight parameters, where a, and the nodes are available for storage.
  • the peer peer node selection module 222 collects the heartbeat information of each peer node, calculates the candidate probability G S of each peer node in the system 10, and selects one of them. Or a plurality of peer nodes having the highest candidate probability G a ' as a peer peer node to store the media content file segment 31 A at the one or more peer peer nodes.
  • the structure is a cluster structure, so that one peer node 12 in the media delivery system 10 can be set as a central node, that is, a parent node, and other peer nodes in the system are child nodes of the central node, and the media delivery system is as follows. 10
  • the cluster delivery structure is taken as an example to describe the media delivery system 10.
  • the cluster structure is a logical organizational structure and is only related to routing. According to the route, the peer node and the central node can communicate and exchange information, and the arrangement of the peer nodes 12 in the cluster structure is not necessarily affected by the network structure or the geographic location of the peer node.
  • the media delivery system 10 is a cluster structure, and one of them
  • the peer node is the parent node, which is the parent node, and the other peer nodes are the child nodes of the central node and/or the edge node as the central node or the child nodes of the child nodes.
  • the cluster structure consisting of peer nodes is a tree structure.
  • One of the peer nodes 12 is the central node 41, and the other peer nodes 12 in the system are the regional center node 42 or the edge node 43.
  • the regional central node 42 is directly connected to the central node 41, and the peer node of the edge node 43 passes through one or more intermediate nodes (eg, the regional central node 42) and the parent node of the central node (eg, the central node 41)
  • the child nodes calculate their node candidate probability by collecting their own heartbeat information.
  • G Sh and report the node candidate probability G′ and its own heartbeat information to the parent node, and/or, the child node collects its own heartbeat information, and reports the heartbeat information of the collection to the parent node; As a child node, the parent node also reports its own heartbeat information and/or node candidate probability G s ' of the child node it receives to its parent node.
  • the central node 41 it is one of the stronger processing capabilities of each peer node 12 in the system.
  • the peer node is mainly used to receive the heartbeat information reported by all the child nodes in the system to calculate the candidate probability G St ' of all the peer nodes in the system, and provide the calculated peer to the desired published media content file.
  • a node to select a peer peer node storing each segment; and/or a heartbeat information for receiving and reporting all child node sets and/or a calculated candidate probability W′ of the peer node to maintain the data structure The data structure associates the peer node with the corresponding candidate probability, and after receiving the request message from the peer node that desires to publish the media content file, selects the peer node with the highest candidate age G st 'and returns Information about the peer node that was confirmed.
  • each peer node 12 in the system 10 collects its own heartbeat information, and calculates its own heartbeat information to calculate the candidate probability Gst ', and then forwards the heartbeat information and the candidate probability Gst ' to the central node.
  • the central node maintains a data structure that associates the peer node 12 with a corresponding candidate probability Gst ', and the data structure may include a list sorted according to the candidate probability Gst ' size of the peer node 12. For example, the central node may classify the peer nodes in descending order according to the size of the peer node candidate probability G, and store the candidate node list obtained by classifying in this manner, and the central node may also pair the nearest node information according to the latest node information.
  • the nodes are classified, and the list of candidate nodes obtained by classification in this manner is maintained.
  • the central node can use it to detect the reason why the peer node 12 leaves the system 10.
  • the central node may select the peer node having the highest candidate probability G s ' and the confirmed pair The information of the nodes is sent back to the peer peer selection module 222.
  • Each peer node 12 in the system 10 can also collect only its own heartbeat information, and then send the heartbeat information to the central node, and the peer peer node selection module 222 of the central node calculates all peers in the system through calculation.
  • the cluster structure composed of each peer node 12 in the system 10 may be a 4-pair structure as shown in FIG. 4, and the regional center node 42 may also be confirmed in addition to the node having the highest Gst ' value in its own cluster.
  • the request is forwarded to the central node 41 or other regional central node, and the peer node from the desired release of the media content file is able to receive the response of the central node 41 within the timeoutp length, and the segment delivery module
  • each peer node 12 may periodically send a heartbeat message to its parent node, the parent node generating the information including the heartbeat message together with its own heartbeat message.
  • the report is accumulated and the accumulated report is periodically sent to the parent node of the parent node.
  • the central node will have up-to-date information for calculating the value of each peer node candidate probability G Si '. For example, as shown in FIG.
  • the edge node 43 periodically sends a heartbeat message to its parent node, the regional center node 42, which collects the information including the heartbeat message together with its own heartbeat message to generate an accumulated report. This cumulative report is periodically sent to its parent node, the central node 41.
  • the segment delivery module 223 is interconnected with the peer peer node selection module 222 for delivering the respective media content file segments 31 A to the peer peer node selection module 222, and the peer peer node selection module 222 according to the received content. A plurality of peer peer nodes 12 are selected and stored for the selected peer peer nodes 12.
  • the segment delivery module 223 delivers the media content file segments 31A in a round-robin manner to the selected peer peer nodes 12 for storage.
  • the segment delivery module 223 assigns the start segment of each media content file segment 31A to the peer node having the highest candidate probability G a ' according to the MSD algorithm or the segment distribution algorithm, and then assigns the second segment to the second highest candidate.
  • the candidate node of the probability ⁇ ' value and loops in this way.
  • the segment delivery module 223 delivers the contents of each media content file segment 31A to a number of peer peer nodes 12, which are then stored by the peer peer node 12 for the segment 31 A that has been received.
  • the beginning segment or the first segments of the plurality of media content file segments 31A are in a file segment after the number of stored copies of the media delivery system 10 is greater than the start segment or a plurality of segments after the start segment This is because if the user is not interested after watching the initial segment, the user will not read the contents of all segments of the media file.
  • the data storage device 23 is configured to receive and store the media content file segment 31 A and/or the media content file 31 delivered by the peer peer node.
  • the P2P software 24 can save certain media content file segments 31 A of the media content file 31 at the user node 12.
  • data storage device 23 such that other peer nodes in system 10
  • the point can utilize the media content file segment 31 A stored in the data storage device 23, in particular the plurality of segments of the desired hot slice are automatically saved in the system 10, selecting which segment 31A is saved is random or quasi-machined, In practical applications, the selection of the starting segment 31 A is more likely to be stored in the system 10 than the segment following it.
  • all the segments of the media data of the media content file 31 are stored in the data storage device 23 for at least one cycle time. As long as the segments are saved in the data storage device 23, the media data (eg, video) can At the receiving node playback or time shifting the TV, there is no need to download the segment again (the P2P software 24 can configure the length of time allowed for playback).
  • a complete copy of the media content file 31 can be saved in a very stable peer node that has been selected (e.g., a continuously online node) to ensure the presence of a "seed" of program content.
  • peer nodes are selected only when other peer nodes do not have the requested content, that is, the media service is located on the node.
  • the P2P software 24 is configured to enable P2P peering capabilities of nodes in the system 10, such as PCs, workstations, set-top boxes, and other network devices, to provide media service positioning and searching, and to search for other P2P node information, so that the system 10 has both The function of the client and server.
  • the playing device 25 is configured to play the media content file segment 31 A or the media content file 31 stored by the data storage device 23 .
  • the media delivery system 10 shown in Figures 1-3 can be an IPTV media delivery system that also includes a plurality of peer nodes 12 that are interconnected by a data communication network 11. The size of the media delivery system 10 can be changed at any time, and the peer node 12 can join or leave the IPTV media delivery system at any time.
  • the IPTV media delivery system also provides media service location and search lookup functions.
  • the node 12 is configured to divide the IPTV media content file that is desired to be published into a plurality of IPTV media content file segments, and deliver the plurality of IPTV media content file segments to a plurality of peer peer nodes for storage; and/or Receiving and storing an IPTV media content file segment delivered by the peer peer node, where the IPTV media content file includes media data, and the media data may be video data, for example, movies, television programs, live television broadcasts, etc. It is audio data, for example, music and so on.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a method for implementing content distribution in a media delivery system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The implementation method is described in conjunction with the media delivery system 10 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, wherein the system 10 is based on a peer-to-peer network, including multiple Peer node 12, as shown in Figure 5, the method includes the following processing (step
  • step S501 the peer node 12 divides the media content file 31 desired to be distributed into a plurality of media content file segments 31A, and delivers the plurality of media content file segments 31A to the plurality of peer peer nodes 12.
  • the media content file may be an IPTV media content file or a non-IPTV media content file.
  • Step S502 the plurality of peer peer nodes 12 receive and store the media content file segment 31A delivered by the peer node 12.
  • FIG. 6 shows a preferred embodiment of an implementation method for content distribution of an IPTV media delivery system according to the present invention, which is implemented in conjunction with the IPTV media delivery system 10 shown in FIGS.
  • the system 10 includes a plurality of peer nodes 12 based on the peer-to-peer network, as shown in FIG. 6, including the following processing (steps S601 to S604).
  • step S601 the fragment processing module 221 of the peer node 12 divides the IPTV media content file 31 that is desired to be distributed into a plurality of IPTV media content file segments 31A.
  • the fragment processing module 221 can set the IPTV media content file desired to be published.
  • the 31 is divided into a plurality of equal-sized IPTV media content file segments 31A, and the IPTV media content file 31 that is desired to be distributed may be divided into a plurality of IPTV media content file segments 31A of different sizes.
  • the fragment processing module 221 divides the IPTV media content file 31 that is desired to be distributed into IPTV media content file segments 31 A of different sizes to facilitate the discovery of access points of the media data.
  • the peer peer node selection module 222 selects a plurality of peer peer nodes 12 for segment storage according to the candidate probability G a ' value of each peer node 12 in the system.
  • the peer node 12 is the edge node 43 of FIG.
  • the central node 12 is the parent node of the parent node of the peer node 12, and receives its own heartbeat information reported by the child node periodically, and its child.
  • the peer peer node selection module 222 first sends the acquisition to the central node 12 with the highest candidate.
  • the request information of the peer node of the probability G '' after receiving the request information, the central node 12 selects a plurality of peer nodes having the highest candidate probability G in the candidate probability data structure list, and selects a plurality of peer nodes.
  • the information is returned to the peer peer node selection module 222.
  • the peer peer node selection module 222 can select a number of peer peer nodes 12 for segment storage.
  • the candidate probability G S '' of the peer node can be measured according to the following formula:
  • EstimatedStayi is the node stability of the peer node in the time period; the bandwidth available to the node of the peer node in the time period; ⁇ 'the average bandwidth available to the node of the peer node in the time period Usage rate; is the service streaming frequency of the nodes of the peer nodes in the time period; , , ⁇ is the weighting factor; m is the number of peer nodes joining the system.
  • the node stability of the peer node 12 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4? ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ ; ' can be measured according to the following formula:
  • EstimatedStay i EstimatedStay i (prev) + ⁇ CurrentStay i .
  • C "" ⁇ '' is the length of time that the peer node stays in the system or works within the system during the time period;
  • EstimatedStay ⁇ prev) is the historical value of EstimatedStayi;
  • peer nodes with higher stability and higher available bandwidth and lower utilization history will have higher candidate probability G, peer-to-peer peering Node selection module 222 obtains each within system 10
  • one or more peer nodes having the highest candidate probability G are selected as the peer peer nodes to store the IPTV media content file segment 31A at the peer peer node.
  • the segment delivery module 223 delivers each IPTV media content file segment 31A to the peer peer node selection module 222, and the peer peer node selection module 222 selects a plurality of peer peer nodes 12 according to the received content, and Store.
  • the segment delivery module 223 delivers the plurality of IPTV media content file segments 31 A to the selected peer peer nodes 12 in a round-robin manner and stores them; wherein, the start segments of the plurality of IPTV media content file segments 31A Or a number of segments of the file segment after the IPTV media delivery system 10 has a number of shares greater than the number of segments after the start segment or the start segment.
  • the data storage device 23 of the peer peer node 12 receives and stores the IPTV media content file segment 31A delivered by the segment delivery module 223 of the peer node.
  • the media delivery system of the present invention is based on a peer-to-peer network, including a plurality of peer nodes, and the peer node divides the desired media content file into a plurality of media content file segments, and delivers the plurality of media content file segments to A number of peer peer nodes are stored to implement practical, low-cost media content distribution.
  • the invention may, of course, be embodied in a variety of other embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Changes and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.

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Description

IPTV媒体交付系统、 IPTV媒体内容发布方法
及媒体交付系统
技术领域 本发明涉及数据通信领 i或, 尤其涉及一种 IPTV ( Internet Protocol Television , 因特网网络电视)媒体交付系统、 IPTV 媒体交付系统内容发布 的实现方法及媒体交付系统。 背景技术 随着视频和宽带接入技术的迅速发展和成熟, 已经实现了通过 Internet (因特网)收看直播电视节目。 IPTV能够提供直播电视、时移电视和录播( TV On Demand, 简称为 TVOD ) 等业务, 用户在收看电视直播的同时, 还能够 进行时移电视和回看等操作, 使用户彻底地从传统的 "你播我看" 的被动收 看电视的模式中解放出来。 现有的 IPTV媒体交付系统基于客户端 艮务器 ( Client/Server , 简称为 C/S ) 结构。 具体实现过程为: 客户端向服务器请求媒体内容, 并接收来自 服务器的媒体内容, 其中, 媒体内容存储在视频服务器中, 该服务器在接收 到客户端请求之后, 通过网络将媒体内容交付给客户端。 在某些情况下, 客 户端还能够将节目内容下载到本地后再播放, 以实现 "边放边拉" 的功能, 即用户可以自己调节播放节目的进度。 但是, 这种基于 C/S方法的 IPTV媒 体交付系统的可扩展性较差, 系统难以扩展到用户客户端数量非常多(例如, 百万级用户客户端、 或者千万级用户客户端) 的情况, 或者说, 如果扩展到 用户客户端非常多的情况, 需要付出极其昂贵的代价。 当用户客户端请求媒 体服务的数量越来越多时, 任何一种容量的服务器, 最终都会出现不能及时 响应用户请求的现象。 如果服务器的资源最终被消耗尽, 则不能向客户端提 供媒体流服务, 这时服务器会成为 IPTV媒体交付系统的瓶颈。 为此, 如何减少服务器的压力就成为 IPTV媒体交付系统设计的关键。 现有技术提供了许多方法, 例如, 组播方法 ( Multicasting )、 批处理技术 ( Batching )、 补丁技术( Patching )、 合并技术( Merging )、 周期性地广播技 术( Periodic broadcasting )等, 上述这些方法的基本出发点是釆用组播方式, 将同一个文件的多个点播合并为一个组播信道服务; 但是这些方法在实际商
1 P23430 用运营中却难以得到实际使用, 其原因在于, 目前整个网络并不支持全网 IP 组播, 而目前使用最广泛的不对称数字用户线路 ( Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line, 简称为 ADSL )带宽不足以支撑同时传输两个流, 且这种节 省资源的策略是以延时用户响应为代价的, 会降低用户的满意度, 在商业运 营中得不偿失。 另外, 可以釆用媒体分片方法来减少服务器的压力, 该媒体分片方法包 括: 协作代理緩存技术 ( Cooperative proxy catching techniques ) 和基于段的 緩存技术 (Segment-based caching ) 等。 其中, 协作代理緩存技术是将热片 节目的初始分片存储在 Proxy (代理) 中, 其与以完整的文件都存储在服务 器中相比较, 缩短了用户在频道切换和节目播放前的等待时间, 改进了用户 的体验; 而基于段的緩存技术是将媒体文件的各个不同的段存储在代理中, 各个段以协作方式被分发到用户客户端进行播放。 但上述协作代理緩存技术 和基于段的緩存技术均存在如下缺陷: 需要额外添加 Proxy , 增加了系统成 本。 综上可知, 现有的 IPTV媒体交付系统及其内容发布的实现方式在实际 使用上, 显然存在不便与缺陷, 所以有必要加以改进。 发明内容 针对上述的缺陷,本发明的第一目的在于提供一种 IPTV媒体交付系统, 该系统可以实现实用、 低成本的媒体内容发布。 本发明的第二目的在于提供一种 IPTV媒体交付系统内容发布的实现方 法, 该方法可以实现实用、 低成本的媒体内容发布。 本发明的第三目的在于提供一种媒体交付系统, 该系统可以实现实用、 低成本的媒体内容发布。 为了实现上述第一目的, 本发明提供一种 IPTV媒体交付系统, 该系统 基于对等网络, 包括多个对等节点, 其中 对等节点, 用于将期望发布的 IPTV媒体内容文件分割成多个 IPTV媒 体内容文件段, 并将多个 IPTV媒体内容文件段交付至若干对端对等节点进 行存储; 和 /或, 用于接收并存储对端对等节点交付的 IPTV媒体内容文件段。
2 P23430 根据的 IPTV媒体交付系统, 对等节点将期望发布的 IPTV媒体内容文 件分割成多个 IPTV媒体内容文件段后,从系统中选择出若干对端对等节点, 并将各个 IPTV媒体内容文件段交付至选择出的若干对端对等节点进行存储。 根据的 ιρτν媒体交付系统, 对等节点根据节点可利用的带宽 ¼7'· , 和 / 或节点可利用的存储空间1 ^' , 和 /或节点稳定性 ί>ηίϊ^ ίϊ ;'· , 和 /或系统最近 利用节点的程度来选择出对端对等节点。 根据的 IPTV媒体交付系统, 对等节点根据对等节点的候选概率 Gs''值 来选择出对端对等节点, 且对等节点的候选概率 Gs''根据对等节点的心跳信 息来测量, 该心跳信息包括: 节点稳定性 ^^^^to}^ , 节点可利用的带宽 的平均使用率 , 节点可利用的带宽的平均使用率 Κ' 和节点服务流媒体 请求的频率 ; 和 /或, 对等节点根据对等节点的候选概率 G '值来选择 出对端对等节点, 且对等节点的候选概率<^ '根据如下公式来测量:
Figure imgf000005_0001
Freq^
msix{preqi
YS 其中 , EstimatedStc^为时间周期内对等节点的节点稳定性; ^为时间 周期内端对等节点的节点可利用的带宽; Κ' 为时间周期内对等节点的节点 可利用的带宽的平均使用率; ^ reqi 为时间周期内对等节点的节点服务流媒 体请求的频率; 、 、 ^为权重因子; m为加入系统的对等节点的个数。 根据的 IPTV媒体交付系统,对等节点的节点稳定性 ίνηΩ ^ Ω}; '基于时 间周期的长度来测量; 和 /或,
Ρ23430 对等节点的节点稳定性 EstimatedStayi根据如下公式来测量: EstimatedStayi = EstimatedSta i (prev) + β CurrentStayi . 其中 , C /r ^to 为时间周期内对等节点停留至系统或在系统内工作正 常的时间长度; EstimatedStay prev)为 EstimatedStayi的历史值; α、 β为权重 参数, 与节点可利用的存储空间 '相关, 并且 " + = 1。 根据的 IPTV媒体交付系统, IPTV媒体交付系统为集群结构, 并且其 中一对等节点为中心节点; 和 /或其中一对等节点为中心节点, 其它对等节点 为区域中心节点和 /或边缘节点; 并且, 子节点釆集自身心跳信息以计算节点候选概率 G , 并将节点候选概率 Gst'和自身心跳信息上报至父节点; 和 /或子节点釆集自身心跳信息并将自身 心跳信息上报至父节点; 和, 若父节点同时为子节点,则父节点还将其所接收的子节点的自身心跳信 息和 /或节点候选概率 Gs''上报至其父节点; 中心节点,用于接收系统内所有子节点釆集并上报的心跳信息以计算系 统内所有对等节点的候选概率 G ,并提供给期望发布 IPTV媒体内容文件的 对等节点以选择存储各个段的对端对等节点; 和 /或, 用于接收所有子节点釆 集并上报的心跳信息和 /或计算出的对等节点的候选概率 Gs''以维护数据结 构, 该数据结构将对等节点和相应的候选概率进行关联, 并在接收到来自期 望发布 IPTV媒体内容文件的对等节点的请求消息后, 选择具有最高候选概 率 GSi '的对等节点, 并返回所确认的对等节点的信息。 根据的 IPTV媒体交付系统,对等节点周期性发送心跳信息至中心节点。 根据的 IPTV媒体交付系统, 对等节点将多个 IPTV媒体内容文件段以 循环的方式交付至选择出的若干对端对等节点进行存储; 和 /或
4 P23430 多个 IPTV媒体内容文件段中的起始段或起始的若干段在 IPTV媒体交 付系统的存储份数大于起始段后或起始的若干段后的文件段。 根据的 IPTV媒体交付系统, 对等节点将 IPTV媒体内容文件分割为多 个大小相等或不等的 IPTV媒体内容文件段。 根据的 IPTV媒体交付系统, 对等节点进一步包括: 数据存储设备, 用于接收并存储对端对等节点交付的 IPTV媒体内容文 件段; 数据处理器, 用于将期望发布的 IPTV媒体内容文件分割成多个 IPTV 媒体内容文件段, 从系统中选择出若干对端对等节点, 并将各个 IPTV媒体 内容文件段交付至选择出的对端对等节点进行存储。 根据的 IPTV媒体交付系统, 数据处理器进一步包括: 分片处理模块,用于将期望发布的 IPTV媒体内容文件分割成多个 IPTV 媒体内容文件段; 对端对等节点选择模块, 用于从系统中选择出若干对端对等节点; 段交付模块, 用于将各个 IPTV媒体内容文件段交付至选择出的对端对 等节点进行存储。 为了实现上述第二目的, 本发明提供一种 IPTV媒体交付系统的内容发 布的实现方法, 该系统基于对等网络, 包括多个对等节点, IPTV媒体内容发 布方法包括: A、 对等节点将期望发布的 IPTV媒体内容文件分割成多个 IPTV媒体 内容文件段, 并将多个 IPTV媒体内容文件段交付至若干对端对等节点;
B、 若干对端对等节点接收并存储对等节点交付的 IPTV媒体内容文件 段。 才艮据的方法, 步骤 A进一步包括: A1、 对等节点将期望发布的 IPTV媒体内容文件分割成多个 IPTV媒体 内容文件段;
5 P23430 A2、 对等节点从系统中选择出若干对端对等节点;
A3、对等节点将多个 IPTV媒体内容文件段交付至选择出的若干对端对 等节点。 为了实现上述第三目的, 本发明提供一种媒体交付系统, 该系统基于对 等网络, 包括多个对等节点, 其中 对等节点, 用于将期望发布的媒体内容文件分割成多个媒体内容文件 段, 并将多个媒体内容文件段交付至若干对端对等节点进行存储; 和 /或, 用 于接收并存储对端对等节点交付的媒体内容文件段。 根据的媒体交付系统,对等节点将期望发布的媒体内容文件分割成多个 媒体内容文件段后, 从系统中选择出若干对端对等节点, 并将各个媒体内容 文件段交付至选择出的若干对端对等节点进行存储。 根据的媒体交付系统, 对等节点根据对等节点的候选概率 Gst'值来选择 出对端对等节点, 且对等节点的候选概率 Gst'根据对等节点的心跳信息来测 量, 该心跳信息包括: 节点稳定性
Figure imgf000008_0001
, 节点可利用的带宽的平均 使用率 节点可利用的带宽的平均使用率 Ki 和节点服务流媒体请求的 频率 ; 和 /或, 对等节点根据对等节点的候选概率 G ·值来选择出对端 对等节点, 且对等节点的候选概率 Gst'根据如下公式来测量:
Figure imgf000008_0002
其中, EstimatedStayi为时间周期内对等节点的节点稳定性; 为时间 周期内端对等节点的节点可利用的带宽; Κ' 为时间周期内对等节点的节点 可利用的带宽的平均使用率; reqi 为时间周期内对等节点的节点服务流媒 体请求的频率; 、 、 ^为权重因子; m为加入系统的对等节点的个数。 才艮据的媒体交付系统, 多个对等节点构成集群结构, 并且其中一对等节 点为中心节点以作为其它对等节点的父节点; 和 /或其中一对等节点为中心节 点, 其它对等节点为区域中心节点和 /或边缘节点; 并且, 子节点釆集自身心跳信息以计算节点候选概率 GS , 并将节点候选概率
G3'1和自身心跳信息上报至父节点; 和 /或子节点釆集自身心跳信息并将自身 心跳信息上报至父节点; 和, 若父节点同时为子节点,则父节点还将其所接收的子节点的自身心跳信 息和 /或节点候选概率 G'%上报至其父节点; 中心节点接收系统内所有子节点釆集并上报的心跳信息以计算系统内 所有对等节点的候选概率 G , 并提供给期望发布媒体内容文件的对等节点 以选择存储各个段的对端对等节点; 和 /或, 接收所有子节点釆集并上报的心 跳信息和 /或计算出的对等节点的候选概率 G'%以建立和维护候选概率数据结 构列表, 该数据结构列表将对等节点和相应的候选概率进行关联, 并在接收 到来自期望发布媒体内容文件的对等节点的请求消息后, 选择具有最高候选 概率 Gst'的对等节点, 并返回所确认的对等节点的信息至期望发布媒体内容 文件的对等节点。 本发明基于对等网络, 包括多个对等节点, 对等节点将期望发布的媒体 内容文件分割成多个媒体内容文件段, 并将多个媒体内容文件段交付至若干 对端对等节点进行存储, 借此实现了实用、 低成本的媒体内容发布。 附图说明 图 1是本发明提供的媒体交付系统的结构框图; 图 2是本发明提供的媒体交付系统中对等节点的结构模块的结构框图;
7 P23430 图 3是本发明提供的媒体内容文件切割示意图; 图 4 是本发明优选实施例提供的媒体交付系统中各对等节点的组织结 构示意图; 图 5是本发明提供的媒体交付系统内容发布的实现方法流程图; 图 6是本发明优选实施例提供的 IPTV媒体交付系统内容发布的实现方 法 ¾ u程图。 具体实施方式 功能相无述 由于对等网络( Peer to Peer, 简称为 P2P )软件可以允许不同的计算机 之间对等地交换数据, 每个运行 P2P软件的 Computer (计算机 )被称谓一个 对等节点( peer )。 多台运行 P2P软件的计算机就能够构成一个计算机网络即 对等网络。每一个对等节点能够与网络上的其它对等节点共享媒体内容数据, 并且能够通过媒体服务定位和搜索查找其它对等节点, 然后从其它对等节点 请求和接收媒体内容数据, 也就是每一个对等节点既是客户端也^艮务器。 典型地, 对等节点能够动态地加入和离开 P2P网络。 例如, 一个对等节点离 开了 P2P网络的原因, 要么是 P2P软件, 要么是对等节点的计算机, 要么是 对等节点的计算机到因特网 (Internet ) 的连接的不可用。 这个现象可能由于 用户, 或者由于 P2P软件、 计算机或计算机连接的故障等造成的。 P2P网络 的规模大小可以随时地在波动和改变的, 例如, GnutellaTM、 NapsterTM和 BitTorrentTM等, 其不受用户数量限制, 可扩展性强。 这样, 本发明在基于 对等网络的基础上构造媒体交付系统, 以增强媒体交付系统的可扩展性。 本发明的基本思想是: 在 P2P的基础上, 利用多个 peer来组成媒体交 付系统, 具体地, 该多个对等节点将期望发布的媒体内容文件分割成多个媒 体内容文件段, 并在基于段的内容发布( Media Segment Distributing , 简称为 MSD )算法的基础上将上述多个媒体内容文件段交付至若干对端对等节点进 行存储, 以此实现实用、 低成本的媒体内容发布。 在不冲突的情况下, 本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组 合。
8 P23430 为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白, 以下结合附图及 实施例, 对本发明进行进一步详细说明。 应当理解, 此处所描述的具体实施 例仅仅用以解释本发明, 并不用于限定本发明。 图 1是根据本发明提供的媒体交付系统 10的结构框图, 该媒体交付系 统 10提供了媒体服务定位和搜索查找的功能。 如图 1所示, 该系统 10包括 多个对等节点 12, 多个对等节点 12通过数据通信网络 11互连。 该媒体交付 系统 10的规模大小可以随时改变, 对等节点 12可以随时加入或离开该媒体 交付系统 10 其中, 本发明实施例中所涉及的对等节点可以是但不限于 PC、 工作站、 机顶盒、 其它网络设备等, 例如, 图 1中所示的对等节点 12, 主要用于将期 望发布的媒体内容文件 31分割成多个媒体内容文件段 31 A,并将多个媒体内 容文件段 31A交付至若干对端对等节点 12进行存储, 和 /或, 用于接收并存 储对端对等节点 12交付的媒体内容文件段 31 A。 具体而言, 当对等节点 12 需要发布媒体内容文件 31 时, 将期望发布的媒体内容文件分割成多个媒体 内容文件段 31A后,在 MSD算法的基础上从系统 10中选择出若干对端对等 节点 12, 并将各个媒体内容文件段 31A 交付至选择出的若干对端对等节点 12进行存储。 本发明中, 媒体内容文件 31可以为 IPTV媒体内容文件或非 IPTV媒体内容文件。 图 2是根据本发明媒体交付系统中对等节点的结构模块的结构框图,参 见图 2 , 对等节点 12可以进一步包括: 网络接口 21、 数据处理器 22、 数据 存储设备 23、 P2P软件 24和 /或播放装置 25 , 其中: 网络接口 21 , 与数据通信网络 11和数据处理器 22相连, 用于由对等 节点 12通过该网络接口 21接入数据通信网络 11 , 与其它对等节点 12进行 互连通信。 数据处理器 22 , 除了用于对媒体内容文件进行编解码、 加密解密处理 夕卜, 还用于将期望发布的媒体内容文件 31分割成多个媒体内容文件段 31A, 从系统 10中选择出若干对端对等节点 12 , 并将各个媒体内容文件段 31A交 付至选择出的对端对等节点 12的数据存储设备 23进行存储。 数据处理器 22还进一步包括: 分片处理模块 221、 对端对等节点选择 模块 222和段交付模块 223 , 其中:
9 P23430 分片处理模块 221 , 用于将期望发布的媒体内容文件 31分割成多个媒 体内容文件段 31 A。 分片处理模块 221可以将期望发布的媒体内容文件 31分割成多个大小 相等的媒体内容文件段 3 1A ,也可以将期望发布的媒体内容文件 3 1分割成多 个大小不相等的媒体内容文件段 3 1A。 优选地, 将期望发布的媒体内容文件 3 1分割成大小不相等的媒体内容文件段 31A以利于发现媒体数据的接入点, 例如, 电影或电视的一个镜头的起始位置, 通过将媒体内容文件段分得较长 或者较短, 以致媒体数据的逻辑接入点就是该段的起始位置。 例如, 期望在 一个视频分片开始播放某一个镜头, 镜头的开始相应于段的起始位置是方便 的。每一个媒体内容文件段 3 1A又包含有若干个块 31B ,可参见图 3 ,块 31B 的大小是可调整和配置的。 优选的, 部分的 (不是所有的)媒体内容文件段 31A所包含的各个块 31B大小相等的。但所有的媒体内容文件段 31A所包含 的各个块 31B大小相等也在本发明保护的范围内。 对端对等节点选择模块 222 , 与分片处理模块 221互连, 用于在分片处 理模块 221将期望发布的媒体内容文件分割成多个媒体内容文件段后, 从系 统 10中选择出若干个对端的对等节点 12 , 其中, 该对端对等节点选择模块 222可以在 MSD算法的基础上从系统 100中选择出若干对端对等节点 12。 具体而言, 对端对等节点选择模块 222可以利用以下至少之一的参数来选择 对端对等节点 12 : 系统 10中各个对等节点 12的节点可以利用的带宽 ¼7''、 节点可利用的存储空间 Sti、 节点稳定性 Esti画 tedStay;、 系统最近利用节点的 程度。 本发明中, 系统内的对等节点 12被选择存储媒体内容文件段 31A的可 能性是随着节点可利用的带宽 、 节点可利用的存储空间 Sti和节点稳定性 EStimatedStayi的 ^加而^加的 相反地, 随着该节点 12 已经被系统 10利用 程度的增加而减少。 其中, 对等节点 12的节点稳定性可以基于时间周期的长度来测量, 并 且系统最近利用节点的程度可以利用以下两个参数来表示: 时间周期内对等 节点的节点可利用的带宽的平均使用率、 时间周期内对等节点的节点服务流 媒体请求的频率。
10 P23430 下面釆用一个具体实例对上述对端对等节点选择模块 222 进行详细说 明。 在具体实施过程中,对端对等节点选择模块 222可以根据系统内的各个 对等节点的候选概率 G , 选择出对端对等节点 12进行段存储, 其中, 对等 节点的候选概率 Gst'可以根据对等节点的心跳信息来测量, 该心跳信息包括: 节点稳定性 ί>ηα έ¾?ι¾α);'' , 节点可利用的带宽的平均使用率 , 节点可利用 ϋ
的带宽的平均使用率 1 和节点服务流媒体请求的频率 。 优选地, 对等节点的候选概率 GStl根据如下公式来测量:
EstimatedStayi
max{EstimatedStayi }
≤i≤m
)}
Figure imgf000013_0001
其中, 为时间周期内对等节点的节点稳定性; 为时间 ϋ
周期内对等节点的节点可利用的带宽; Κ' 为时间周期内对等节点的节点可
7
利用的带宽的平均使用率; treqi 为时间周期内对等节点的节点服务流媒体 频率; as'、 β 、 ^为权重因子; m为加入系统的对等节点的个数。 并且, 对等节点 12 的节点稳定性 ^α έ¾?ι¾α}; '可以根据如下公式进行 测量:
EstimatedStayi = EstimatedStayi (prev) + β CurrentStayi . 其中, "^^^'为时间周期内对等节点停留至系统的时间长度, 或者 为对等节点在系统内正常工作的时间长度; Esti腿 tedStay^p 为 EstimatedStayi的历 ^值; a、 β为权重参数, 其中, a、 与节点可利用的存
11 P23430 储空间1 ^ '相关, 并且 " + = 1。 根据该实例, 可以看出, 稳定性较高、 且具有较高可利用带宽的和较低 被利用历史的对等节点具有较高的候选概率<^'。 这样, 在实际操作中, 对 端对等节点选择模块 222 釆集各个对等节点的心跳信息, 计算得到系统 10 内的各个对等节点的候选概率 GS 后, 并从中选择一个或多个具有最高候选 概率 Ga'的对等节点作为对端对等节点, 以在该一个或多个对端对等节点存 储媒体内容文件段 31 A。 本发明中, 媒体交付系统 10的优选结构为集群结构, 这样, 可以将媒 体交付系统 10中的一个对等节点 12设置为中心节点即为父节点, 系统内的 其它对等节点为该中心节点的子节点, 下面以媒体交付系统 10 为集群结构 为例对媒体交付系统 10 进行说明, 需要说明的是, 在本发明中, 集群结构 是逻辑上的组织结构, 并且仅与路由有关, 按照该路由, 对等节点和中心节 点可以通信和交换信息, 集群结构内对等节点 12 的排列没有必要受到网络 结构或对等节点地理位置的影响。 媒体交付系统 10为集群结构, 并且其中一对等节点为中心节点即为父 节点,其它对等节点为区域中心节点和 /或边缘节点为中心节点的子节点或子 节点的子节点。 例如, 图 4所示的媒体交付系统 10的各个对等节点所组成 的集群结构为树形结构。 其中的一个对等节点 12为中心节点 41 , 系统内的 其它对等节点 12为区域中心节点 42或边缘节点 43。 除了中心节点 41 , 其 它对等节点, 例如, 区域中心节点 42直接与中心节点 41相连接, 边缘节点 43 的对等节点经过一个或多个中间节点 (例如区域中心节点 42 ) 与该中心 节点的父节点 (例如中心节点 41 ) 相连接。 在具体实施过程中,子节点会釆集其自身心跳信息计算出节点候选概率
GSh , 并将节点候选概率 G '和自身心跳信息上报至父节点, 和 /或, 子节点会 釆集其自身心跳信息, 并将釆集的自身心跳信息上报至父节点; 若父节点同 时为子节点, 则父节点还将其所接收的子节点的自身心跳信息和 /或节点候选 概率 Gs '上报至其父节点。 对于中心节点 41 , 其是系统内各个对等节点 12处理能力较强中的一个
12 P23430 对等节点, 主要用于接收系统内所有子节点釆集上报的心跳信息, 以计算系 统内所有对等节点的候选概率 GSt' , 并将计算出的提供给期望发布媒体内容 文件的对等节点, 以选择存储各个段的对端对等节点; 和 /或, 用于接收所有 子节点釆集并上报的心跳信息和 /或计算出的对等节点的候选概率 W '以维护 数据结构, 该数据结构将对等节点和相应的候选概率进行关联, 并在接收到 来自期望发布媒体内容文件的对等节点的请求消息后, 选择具有最高候选概 年 Gst'的对等节点, 并返回所确认的对等节点的信息。 具体而言, 系统 10内的各个对等节点 12釆集自身的心跳信息, 并计算 自身的心跳信息计算得到候选概率 Gst'后, 将心跳信息和候选概率 Gst'转发至 中心节点。 中心节点维护一个数据结构, 该数据结构将对等节点 12 和相应 的候选概率 Gst'进行关联,数据结构可以包括按照对等节点 12的候选概率 Gst' 大小来分类的列表。 例如, 中心节点可以根据对等节点候选概率 G 的大小, 按照降序方式对对等节点进行分类, 并且存储以这种方式分类而获得的候选 节点列表, 中心节点也可以根据最近的节点信息对对等节点进行分类, 并维 护以这种方式分类而获得的候选节点列表。 通过上述方式, 不但有利于集中 维护各个对等节点 12的候选概率 Ga', 而且当心跳消息的停止发送至中心节 点时, 可以由中心节点用来检测对等节点 12离开系统 10的原因。 另夕卜,中心节点一旦接收到来自期望发布媒体内容文件的对端对等节点 选择模块 222 的请求后, 中心节点可以选择具有最高候选概率 Gs '的对等节 点, 并且将所确认的对等节点的信息发回至对端对等节点选择模块 222。 系统 10内的各个对等节点 12也可以只釆集其自身的心跳信息,然后发 送该心跳信息至中心节点, 并由中心节点的对端对等节点选择模块 222通过 计算得到系统内所有对等节点 12的候选概率 G 。 系统 10 内的各个对等节 点 12所组成的集群结构可以为如图 4所示的 4对形结构, 区域中心节点 42除 了确认在自己集群内含有最高 Gst'值的节点以外, 还可以将请求转发给中心 节点 41 或其它的区域中心节点, 来自期望发布媒体内容文件的对等节点在 Timeoutp时间长度内就能够接收到中心节点 41 的响应, 并且, 段交付模块
13 P23430 223基于候选概率 G ''大小将段 31A发送给相应的对等节点。 优选地, 在集群结构的系统 10中, 各个对等节点 12可以周期性地发送 心兆消息给其父节点, 该父节点釆集包括心兆消息在内的这些信息和自己的 心跳消息一起生成累加报告, 周期性地将该累加报告发送给该父节点的父节 点。 这样, 中心节点将拥有计算每一个对等节点候选概率 GSi '值的最新信息。 例如, 如图 4所示, 边缘节点 43周期性地发送心跳消息给其父节点即区域 中心节点 42, 区域中心节点 42釆集包括心跳消息在内的这些信息和自己的 心跳消息一起生成累加报告, 周期性地将这个累加报告发送给其父节点即中 心节点 41。 段交付模块 223 , 与对端对等节点选择模块 222互连, 用于将各个媒体 内容文件段 31 A交付至对端对等节点选择模块 222 , 对端对等节点选择模块 222根据接收的内容选择出若干对端对等节点 12 , 并对选择出的若干对端对 等节点 12进行存储。 对端对等节点选择模块 222选择出若干对端对等节点 12后, 段交付模 块 223将媒体内容文件段 31A以循环的方式交付至选择出的若干对端对等节 点 12进行存储。 段交付模块 223按照 MSD算法或段发布算法将各个媒体内 容文件段 31A的起始段分配给具有最高候选概率 Ga '值的对等节点, 然后, 将第二个段分配给具有次高候选概率<^ '值的候选节点, 并以此循环。 一旦 所有的段被分配完成时,段交付模块 223就将各个媒体内容文件段 31A的内 容交付到若干对端对等节点 12 , 然后由对端对等节点 12将已经接收到的段 31 A存储在数据存储设备 23中。 优选的, 在系统 10中, 多个媒体内容文件 段 31A中的起始段或起始的若干段在媒体交付系统 10的存储份数大于起始 段后或起始的若干段后的文件段, 这是因为用户在观看了起始段后如果不感 兴趣, 则用户不会看完该媒体文件所有段的内容。 数据存储设备 23 , 用于接收并存储对端对等节点交付的媒体内容文件 段 31 A和 /或媒体内容文件 31。 另夕卜, 当用户利用系统 10检索和提供的媒体内容文件 31 在对等节点 12播放时, P2P软件 24能够将媒体内容文件 31中的某些媒体内容文件段 31 A 保存在用户节点 12的数据存储设备 23 中, 这样, 系统 10 中的其它对等节
14 P23430 点可以利用保存在数据存储设备 23中媒体内容文件段 31 A,尤其是期望热片 的多个段被自动地保存在系统 10中, 选择哪个段 31A被保存是随机的或准 机的, 在实际应用中, 选择起始段 31 A保存在系统 10的可能性大于其后 面的段。 优选地 , 媒体内容文件 31的媒体数据的所有的段被保存在数据存储设 备 23中的时间至少是一个周期时间, 只要段被保存在数据存储设备 23中, 媒体数据就 (例如, 视频) 能够在接收节点回放或时移电视, 没有必要再下 载段了 ( P2P软件 24可以配置所允许回放的时间长度)。 另夕卜, 媒体内容文件 31的完整拷贝可以保存在已经选择的非常稳定的 对等节点中 (例如, 连续在线的节点), 以保证节目内容的 "种子" 存在。 在 实际应用过程中, 只有当其它对等节点都没有所请求的内容时, 才会选择这 样的对等节点, 即将媒体服务定位到该节点上。
P2P软件 24, 用于使系统 10 中的节点如 PC、 工作站、 机顶盒、 其它 网络设备具有 P2P对等能力, 提供媒体服务定位和搜索, 查找其它 P2P节点 信息, 这样, 该系统 10就同时具有了客户端和月艮务器的功能。 播放装置 25 , 用于播放数据存储设备 23所存储的媒体内容文件段 31 A 或媒体内容文件 31。 在具体实施过程中, 图 1〜3所示的媒体交付系统 10可以为 IPTV媒体 交付系统, 其同样包括多个对等节点 12 , 该多个对等节点 12通过数据通信 网络 11 互连。 该媒体交付系统 10 的规模大小可以随时改变, 对等节点 12 可以随时加入或离开该 IPTV媒体交付系统,该 IPTV媒体交付系统同样提供 了媒体服务定位和搜索查找的功能。其中,等节点 12用于将期望发布的 IPTV 媒体内容文件分割成多个 IPTV媒体内容文件段,并将多个 IPTV媒体内容文 件段交付至若干对端对等节点进行存储; 和 /或, 用于接收并存储对端对等节 点交付的 IPTV媒体内容文件段,其中, IPTV媒体内容文件包含有媒体数据, 该媒体数据可以是视频数据, 例如, 电影、 电视节目、 实况电视转播等, 也 可以是音频数据, 例如, 音乐等等。 图 5是本发明实施例的媒体交付系统内容发布的实现方法流程图,结合 图 1〜 3所示的媒体交付系统 10对该实现方法进行描述, 其中, 该系统 10基 于对等网络, 包括多个对等节点 12, 如图 5所示, 该方法包括如下处理(步
15 P23430 骤 S501至步骤 S502 )。 步骤 S501 , 对等节点 12将期望发布的媒体内容文件 31分割成多个媒 体内容文件段 31A, 并将多个媒体内容文件段 31A交付至若干对端对等节点 12。 其中, 媒体内容文件可以为 IPTV媒体内容文件或非 IPTV媒体内容文 件。 步骤 S502 , 若干对端对等节点 12接收并存储对等节点 12交付的媒体 内容文件段 31 A。 为了更好的描述本发明, 图 6示出了才艮据本发明 IPTV媒体交付系统内 容发布的实现方法的优选实施例, 下面结合图 1〜 3所示的 IPTV媒体交付系 统 10对该实现方法进行描述, 其中, 系统 10基于对等网络, 包括多个对等 节点 12 , 如图 6所示, 包括如下处理 (步骤 S601至步骤 S604 )。 步骤 S601 , 对等节点 12的分片处理模块 221将期望发布的 IPTV媒体 内容文件 31分割成多个 IPTV媒体内容文件段 31 A。 如图 3所示, 分片处理模块 221可以将期望发布的 IPTV媒体内容文件
31分割成多个大小相等的 IPTV媒体内容文件段 31A, 也可以将期望发布的 IPTV媒体内容文件 31分割成多个大小不相等的 IPTV媒体内容文件段 31A。 其中,分片处理模块 221将期望发布的 IPTV媒体内容文件 31分割成大小不 相等的 IPTV媒体内容文件段 31 A有利于发现媒体数据的接入点。 步骤 S602, 对端对等节点选择模块 222根据系统内的各个对等节点 12 的候选概率 Ga '值, 选择出若干对端对等节点 12进行段存储。 本实施例中, 对等节点 12为图 4的边缘节点 43 , 并且中心节点 12为 对等节点 12 的父节点的父节点, 接收其子节点周期性釆集上报的自身心跳 信息, 以及其子节点的子节点 (如果存在的话) 的自身心跳信息, 然后计算 出各节点的候选概率 G , 并建立和维护候选概率数据结构列表, 该数据结 构列表将对等节点和相应的候选概率进行关联。 对端对等节点选择模块 222首先向中心节点 12发送获取具有最高候选
16 P23430 概率 G ''的对等节点的请求信息, 中心节点 12接收到该请求信息后, 在候选 概率数据结构列表中选择若干具有最高候选概率 G 的对等节点, 并将选择 出的若干对等节点的信息返回至对端对等节点选择模块 222 , 这样, 对端对 等节点选择模块 222可以选择出若干对端对等节点 12进行段存储。 其中, 对等节点的候选概率 GS''可以根据如下公式进行测量:
EstimatedStay;
max{EstimatedStay. } Bwt x (1 - R s usage )
maxjfiw. x (l - ^.^ )}
G stX st
r reqi
mdi {Freqi 其中, EstimatedStayi为时间周期内对等节点的节点稳定性; 为时间 周期内对等节点的节点可利用的带宽; Κ' 为时间周期内对等节点的节点可 利用的带宽的平均使用率; 为时间周期内对等节点的节点服务流媒体 频率; 、 、 ^为权重因子; m为加入系统的对等节点的个数。 并且, 对等节点 12 的节点稳定性 ^α έ¾?ι¾α}; '可以根据如下公式进行 测量:
EstimatedStayi = EstimatedStayi (prev) + β CurrentStayi .
其中, C""^^^''为时间周期内对等节点停留至系统或在系统内工作正 常的时间长度; EstimatedStay^prev)为 EstimatedStayi的历史值; α、 β为权重 参数, a、 与节点可利用的存储空间 相关, 并且 " + = 1。 这样,稳定较高且具有较高可利用带宽的和较低被利用历史的对等节点 将具有较高的候选概率 G , 对端对等节点选择模块 222得到系统 10内的各
17 P23430 个对等节点的候选概率 后, 从中选择一个或多个具有最高候选概率 G 的 对等节点作为对端对等节点, 以在该对端对等节点存储 IPTV媒体内容文件 段 31A。 步骤 S603 , 段交付模块 223将各个 IPTV媒体内容文件段 31A交付至 对端对等节点选择模块 222 , 对端对等节点选择模块 222根据接收到的内容 选择出若干对端对等节点 12 , 并进行存储。 段交付模块 223将多个 IPTV媒体内容文件段 31 A以循环的方式交付至 选择出的若干对端对等节点 12 , 并进行存储; 其中, 多个 IPTV媒体内容文 件段 31A中的起始段或起始的若干段在 IPTV媒体交付系统 10的存储份数大 于起始段后或起始的若干段后的文件段。 步骤 S604, 对端对等节点 12的数据存储设备 23接收并存储对等节点 的段交付模块 223所交付的 IPTV媒体内容文件段 31A。 综上可知, 本发明媒体交付系统基于对等网络, 包括多个对等节点, 对 等节点将期望发布的媒体内容文件分割成多个媒体内容文件段, 并将多个媒 体内容文件段交付至若干对端对等节点进行存储, 实现了实用、 低成本的媒 体内容发布。 当然, 本发明还可有其它多种实施例, 在不背离本发明精神及其实质的 情况下,熟悉本领域的技术人员当可根据本发明作出各种相应的改变和变形, 但这些相应的改变和变形都应属于本发明所附的权利要求的保护范围。
18 P23430

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种 IPTV媒体交付系统, 其特征在于, 所述系统基于对等网络, 包括 多个对等节点, 其中,
所述对等节点, 用于将期望发布的 IPTV媒体内容文件分割成多个 IPTV媒体内容文件段, 并将所述多个 IPTV媒体内容文件段交付至若干 对端对等节点进行存储; 和 /或, 用于接收并存储所述对端对等节点交付 的 IPTV媒体内容文件段。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的 IPTV媒体交付系统, 其特征在于, 所述将所述 多个 IPTV媒体内容文件段交付至若干对端对等节点进行存储包括: 从所述系统中选择出所述若干对端对等节点, 并将所述各个 IPTV 媒体内容文件段交付至所述选择出的所述若干对端对等节点并进行存 储。
3. 根据权利要求 2所述的 IPTV媒体交付系统, 其特征在于, 根据下述参 数至少之一选择出所述若干对端对等节点: 对等节点根据节点可利用的 带宽 ¼7'·、 节点可利用的存储空间 '·、 节点稳定性 W^"^^ 、 和/或 系统最近利用节点的程度来选择出所述对端对等节点。
4. 根据权利要求 3所述的 IPTV媒体交付系统, 其特征在于, 所述对等节点根据对等节点的候选概率 GS值来选择出所述对端对 等节点,且所述对等节点的候选概率 Gst'根据所述对等节点的心跳信息来 测量, 其中, 所述心跳信息包括: 节点稳定性 ^^^^ · , 节点可利 ϋ 用的带宽的平均使用率" w'', 节点可利用的带宽的平均使用率 Ki 和节 点服务流媒体请求的频率 ; 和 /或, 所述对等节点根据对等节点的候选概率 Gst'值来选择出所述对端对 等节点, 且所述对等节点的候选概率 G 根据如下公式来测量:
Figure imgf000021_0001
G^ stx msix{p reqi
; 其中, ^^^e^to '为时间周期内对等节点的节点稳定性; βη^为
ϋ
时间周期内端对等节点的节点可利用的带宽; ' 为时间周期内对等节 点的节点可利用的带宽的平均使用率; 为时间周期内对等节点的 节点月艮务流媒体请求的频率; a 、 β 、 为权重因子; m 为加入所述 系统的对等节点的个数。
5. 根据权利要求 4所述的 IPTV媒体交付系统, 其特征在于, 所述对等节点的节点稳定性 Esti腿 基于时间周期的长度来 测量; 和 /或, 所述对等节点的节点稳定性 根据如下公式来测量:
EstimatedStayi = EstimatedStayi (prev) + β CurrentStayi . 其中, <^""^^^'为时间周期内对等节点停留至所述系统或在系统 内工作正常的时间长度; EstimatedStay prev 为 EstimatedStayi的历史值; a、 为权重参数, 与节点可利用的存储空间1 相关, 并且 + = 1
6. 根据权利要求 4所述的 IPTV媒体交付系统, 其特征在于, 所述 IPTV媒 体交付系统为集群结构, 并且其中一对等节点为中心节点; 和 /或其中一 对等节点为中心节点, 其它对等节点为区域中心节点和 /或边缘节点; 并 且, 所述子节点釆集自身心跳信息以计算所述节点候选概率 GS , 并将 所述节点候选概率 Gst'和自身心跳信息上报至所述父节点; 和 /或所述子 节点釆集自身心跳信息并将所述自身心跳信息上报至所述父节点; 和, 若所述父节点同时为子节点,则所述父节点还将其所接收的子节点 的自身心跳信息和 /或节点候选概率 G 上报至其父节点; 所述中心节点,用于接收系统内所有子节点釆集并上报的心跳信息 以计算所述系统内所有对等节点的候选概率 G , 并提供给期望发布
20 P23430 IPTV媒体内容文件的对等节点以选择所述存储各个段的对端对等节点; 和 /或,用于接收所有子节点釆集并上报的心跳信息和 /或计算出的对等节 点的候选概率 Gs''以维护数据结构,该数据结构将对等节点和相应的候选 概率进行关联, 并在接收到来自期望发布 IPTV媒体内容文件的对等节 点的请求消息后,选择具有最高候选概率<^ '的对等节点, 并返回所确认 的对等节点的信息。
7. 根据权利要求 6所述的 IPTV媒体交付系统, 其特征在于, 所述对等节 点周期性发送心跳信息至所述中心节点。
8. 根据权利要求 2所述的 IPTV媒体交付系统, 其特征在于,
所述对等节点将所述多个 IPTV媒体内容文件段以循环的方式交付 至所述选择出的若干对端对等节点进行存储; 和 /或
所述多个 IPTV媒体内容文件段中的起始段或起始的若干段在所述 IPTV 媒体交付系统的存储份数大于所述起始段后或所述起始的若干段 后的文件段。
9. 根据权利要求 2所述的 IPTV媒体交付系统, 其特征在于, 所述对等节 点将所述 IPTV媒体内容文件分割为多个大小相等或不等的 IPTV媒体内 容文件段。
10. 根据权利要求 2所述的 IPTV媒体交付系统, 其特征在于, 所述对等节 点进一步包括:
数据存储设备, 用于接收并存储对端对等节点交付的 IPTV媒体内 容文件段;
数据处理器, 用于将期望发布的 IPTV 媒体内容文件分割成多个 IPTV媒体内容文件段, 从所述系统中选择出若干对端对等节点, 并将所 述各个 IPTV媒体内容文件段交付至所述选择出的对端对等节点进行存 储。
11. 根据权利要求 10所述的 IPTV媒体交付系统, 其特征在于, 所述数据处 理器进一步包括:
分片处理模块, 用于将期望发布的 IPTV媒体内容文件分割成多个 IPTV媒体内容文件段;
21 P23430 对端对等节点选择模块,用于从所述系统中选择出若干对端对等节 段交付模块, 用于将所述各个 IPTV媒体内容文件段交付至所述选 择出的对端对等节点进行存储。
12. 一种应用于权利要求 1-11 中任一项所述的 IPTV媒体交付系统的 IPTV 媒体内容发布方法, 其特征在于, 所述系统基于对等网络, 包括多个对 等节点, 其中, 所述 IPTV媒体内容发布方法包括:
A、 所述对等节点将期望发布的 IPTV 媒体内容文件分割成多个 IPTV媒体内容文件段, 并将所述多个 IPTV媒体内容文件段交付至若干 对端对等节点;
B、 所述若干对端对等节点接收并存储所述对等节点交付的 IPTV 媒体内容文件段。
13. 才艮据权利要求 12所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述步骤 A进一步包括:
Al、 所述对等节点将期望发布的 IPTV 媒体内容文件分割成多个 IPTV媒体内容文件段;
A2、 所述对等节点从所述系统中选择出若干对端对等节点;
A3、所述对等节点将所述多个 IPTV媒体内容文件段交付至所述选 择出的若干对端对等节点。
14. 一种媒体交付系统, 其特征在于, 所述系统基于对等网络, 包括多个对 等节点, 其中, 所述对等节点,用于将期望发布的媒体内容文件分割成多个媒体内 容文件段, 并将所述多个媒体内容文件段交付至若干对端对等节点进行 存储;和 /或,用于接收并存储所述对端对等节点交付的媒体内容文件段。
15. 根据权利要求 14所述的媒体交付系统, 其特征在于, 所述将所述多个媒 体内容文件段交付至若干对端对等节点进行存储包括:
从所述系统中选择出若干对端对等节点,并将所述各个媒体内容文 件段交付至所述选择出的若干对端对等节点进行存储。 根据权利要求 15所述的媒体交付系统, 其特征在于 ,
22 P23430 所述对等节点根据对等节点的候选概率 G '·值来选择出所述对端对 等节点,且所述对等节点的候选概率 Gst'根据所述对等节点的心跳信息来 测量, 该心跳信息包括: 节点稳定性 ^^ to^ , 节点可利用的带宽 usage
的平均使用率 "w'', 节点可利用的带宽的平均使用率 ' 和节点服务流 媒体请求的频率 ; 和 /或, 所述对等节点根据对等节点的候选概率 Gst'值来选择出所述对端对 等节点, 且所述对等节点的候选概率 G 根据如下公式来测量:
Figure imgf000025_0001
其中, ^^^e^to '为时间周期内对等节点的节点稳定性; βη^为 ϋ usage
时间周期内端对等节点的节点可利用的带宽; ' 为时间周期内对等节 点的节点可利用的带宽的平均使用率; 为时间周期内对等节点的 节点月艮务流媒体请求的频率; a 、 β 、 为权重因子; m 为加入所述 系统的对等节点的个数。 7. 根据权利要求 16所述的媒体交付系统,其特征在于, 所述多个对等节点 构成集群结构, 并且其中一对等节点为中心节点以作为其它对等节点的 父节点; 和 /或其中一对等节点为中心节点, 其它对等节点为区域中心节 点和 /或边缘节点; 并且, 所述子节点釆集自身心跳信息以计算所述节点候选概率 Gst' , 并将 所述节点候选概率 Gst'和自身心跳信息上报至所述父节点; 和 /或所述子 节点釆集自身心跳信息并将所述自身心跳信息上报至所述父节点; 和, 若所述父节点同时为子节点,则所述父节点还将其所接收的子节点 的自身心跳信息和 /或节点候选概率 G 上报至其父节点; 所述中心节点接收系统内所有子节点釆集并上 4艮的心跳信息以计
23 P23430 算所述系统内所有对等节点的候选概率 G '· ,并提供给期望发布媒体内容 文件的对等节点以选择所述存储各个段的对端对等节点; 和 /或, 接收所 有子节点釆集并上报的心跳信息和 /或计算出的对等节点的候选概率 Gst' 以建立和维护候选概率数据结构列表, 该数据结构列表将对等节点和相 应的候选概率进行关联, 并在接收到来自期望发布媒体内容文件的对等 节点的请求消息后, 选择具有最高候选概率 Gst'的对等节点, 并返回所确 认的对等节点的信息至所述期望发布媒体内容文件的对等节点。
24 P23430
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