WO2009124089A2 - Oral hygiene composition and apparatus and method - Google Patents
Oral hygiene composition and apparatus and method Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009124089A2 WO2009124089A2 PCT/US2009/039031 US2009039031W WO2009124089A2 WO 2009124089 A2 WO2009124089 A2 WO 2009124089A2 US 2009039031 W US2009039031 W US 2009039031W WO 2009124089 A2 WO2009124089 A2 WO 2009124089A2
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- spray
- mouthpiece
- teeth
- user
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q11/00—Preparations for care of the teeth, of the oral cavity or of dentures; Dentifrices, e.g. toothpastes; Mouth rinses
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C19/00—Dental auxiliary appliances
- A61C19/06—Implements for therapeutic treatment
- A61C19/063—Medicament applicators for teeth or gums, e.g. treatment with fluorides
- A61C19/066—Bleaching devices; Whitening agent applicators for teeth, e.g. trays or strips
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K8/04—Dispersions; Emulsions
- A61K8/046—Aerosols; Foams
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
- A61K8/22—Peroxides; Oxygen; Ozone
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
- A61K8/38—Percompounds, e.g. peracids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/02—Stomatological preparations, e.g. drugs for caries, aphtae, periodontitis
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of portable oral care preparations, including cosmetic teeth whitening and breath freshening preparations, as well as preventive and remedial chemotherapeutic preparations and treatments for common human oral problems, including periodontal diseases and halitosis. It also relates to apparatus for delivering such preparations
- tooth whitening techniques has been taking place for well over 100 years. It is well known that the teeth can be effectively bleached by the use of hydrogen peroxide as the bleaching agent, and it is proven that, in general, tooth- whitening preparations having higher concentrations of bleach are more effective in whitening the teeth than those of lesser concentration. Thus, increasing concentrations of the bleaching agent in the bleaching gives rise to a more rapid bleaching action.
- the problem with the higher concentrations of bleaching solutions is that they have been proven to be painful to endure, and injurious to oral tissue, including blistering and severe discomfort to the gingiva (gum) and other soft tissue present in the oral cavity.
- Tooth whitening using aqueous, or ethereal solutions of extremely high concentration of hydrogen peroxide (25% - 35%) are well established as the fastest and most permanent methods available, today. These treatments require professional guidance and care, and are typically carried out in the dental office by a highly trained dental professional. This method is referred to as vital bleaching, and is tedious, and dangerous if carried out without professional application. Vital bleaching requires physical protection of the gums from exposure to the highly concentrated bleach solution (gingival dam). The dental professional custom fits a plastic damming structure around the gingiva, also places a retractor inside the lips and then lifts the lips away from the front surfaces of the teeth to keep the inside of the lips and other oral soft tissue from contact with the powerful bleaching solution.
- One such product is comprised of a viscous bleaching gel contained in a professional or non-professionally fitted plastic tray, designed to provide a reservoir for the bleach as a viscous gel, and to encase the upper or lower teeth where whitening is desired.
- the method has the bleach in a tray to minimize exposure to the sensitive tissue.
- the gel form of the hydrogen peroxide bleach has the advantage in minimizing discomfort to the user, in that the exposure of the bleach to the enamel is slow due to the gel's high viscosity, and even if a leak occurs and the bleach touches the sensitive tissue, the concentration of the bleach is much lower than those employed by the vital bleaching technique.
- Some of the popular tray method products include Den Mat Night White, and Opalescence (3.5 - 8% bleach [10% - 25% urea hydrogen peroxide, respectively]).
- the method has the user apply the tray daily for periods ranging from 20 min to 12 hours for at least 10 - 14 sequential days. This method has the advantage to the vital bleaching method because it can be done in the privacy of one's home and achieves reasonably good results.
- the tray Since the tray is fashioned to have the gel exposed to the front surfaces of the teeth, it only results in the bleaching of the front portions of the teeth encased in the tray. The method does not bleach teeth that are not encased by the tray, nor does it bleach the back and side areas of such teeth.
- the tray method suffers from the requirements that: (a) it must be performed multiple times (10 - 60); (b) it must stay on for an extended period of time each use (20 min - 12 hr); (c) it is accompanied with some discomfort due to poor fitting trays, and dehydration of the teeth, and is messy to use, and; (d) in most cases still requires an initial visit to the dental professional to create the tray and provide instructions, and; is costly, the price ranging from 300 - 600 USD, and; (e) it does not provide the ability to bleach the inside portions, and hard to reach side portions of the teeth.
- a similar technology is the "strip matrix" in which the hydrogen peroxide bleach solution of 6% (Crest Whitestrips, Procter and Gamble) or 14% (Crest Whitestrips Supreme, Procter and Gamble) is a thin layer on a plastic strip that is applied directly to the surface of the teeth. Bleaching of the front portions of the teeth takes place slowly over time by having the hydrogen peroxide slowly leak out of the strip matrix directly onto the surface of these teeth.
- the strip matrix minimizes exposure of the bleach to the sensitive tissue, since it does not touch the soft tissue and gingival tissue.
- the treatment requires the user to keep the strip on the teeth for about 20 minutes, repeating this procedure once a day for at least 5 - 14 days to see significant results.
- Tooth whitening toothpaste compositions are also commercially available, but most of these use abrasion rather than bleaching agents for the tooth whitening action. Those tooth whitening toothpaste preparations that do include bleaching agents have the bleach at very low concentrations. The effectiveness of tooth whitening toothpaste products are, at best, none to moderate.
- Oral rinse solutions have been commercially sold as tooth whitening and breath freshening mouthwash products (one current commercial example is Crest Tooth Whitening Oral Rinse), and similar solutions have been utilized as a breath freshening and tooth whitening spray (US Patent No. 5,611,690). These oral rinse methods are limited in the amount of the bleach that can be utilized in the bleaching solution, which in these cases are also breath freshening solutions, since oral rinses having greater than 3% are known to be dangerous to the user if left in the mouth for much longer than 15 seconds. In Europe and Canada, it is illegal to dispense tooth whitener or breath freshening products having concentrations of hydrogen peroxide greater than 1.5%, and 3% respectively. Thus, any tooth whitening effect of these types of oral rinse solutions is minimal, at best.
- tooth whitener that is convenient, safe and effective, without the disadvantages of the prior methods, which are the following: (a) the high cost and inconvenience of professional application of highly concentrated solutions of bleaching agent (vital bleaching method) to achieve the optimal tooth whitening results; (b) the high probability of serious injury resulting from non-professional application of the higher concentrations of hydrogen peroxide, including the vital bleaching method and spray method of Summers et al.; (c) the inconvenience that the user must endure with the spray method taught by Summers et al.
- bleaching agent vitamin bleaching method
- Periodontal diseases including gingivitis, are a major contributor to ill health in the United States and worldwide. Periodontal diseases if left unchecked can cause the loss of teeth, and most likely will lead to an array of systemic diseases and maladies, and many of these diseases, unfortunately, will ultimately result in serious debilitation or in many cases, death.
- Preventive treatments for periodontal diseases include antibacterial topical solutions or oral rinses, in addition to a well-practiced regimen of good oral hygiene comprised of tooth brushing and flossing.
- Remedial treatments for periodontal diseases include scaling and root-planning procedures carried out in the clinic by the periodontist, and in severe cases, removal of the diseased tooth body.
- Halitosis (oral malodor) is another common oral ailment affecting millions of people worldwide.
- the main cause of halitosis is the presence of sulfides and amino- based compounds generated as metabolic products of certain anaerobic oral bacteria. It is the sustained ill-growth of certain oral bacteria that thrive in the pockets of the gingival that give rise to the halitosis problem. Most of these bacterial species are also important for the incidence of gingivitis and periodontal diseases.
- controlling the ill-growth of certain anaerobic bacteria that thrive in the pockets of the gingiva where oxygen supplies are minimal is important, since such control would most likely result in an increase in health for the gingiva and a less odiferous oral cavity.
- Figures IA, IB, 1C and ID are views of a mouthpiece.
- FIGS 2A, 2B, 2C and 2D are views of another mouthpiece
- Figures 3A, 3B, 3C and 3D are views of another mouthpiece
- Figure 4 is a partial view of a mouthpiece fitted to a spray device
- FIGS 5A, 5B, 5C and 5D are views of another mouthpiece
- Figure 6A, 6B, 6C and 6D are views of another mouthpiece
- Figure 7 is a graph showing the sustenance of the bicarbonate ion in a salivary mixture.
- the present invention solves salient problems of prior technologies by providing a novel tooth whitening method and apparatus that is easy, discrete and convenient to use, and is quick acting to achieve tooth whitening results that are typically obtained from methods utilizing the professional office; and markedly better than any out-of-office treatment offered in today's marketplace.
- Such unprecedented efficacy derived from an out-of-office technique is afforded by the present invention by providing for a safe method and apparatus for applying an increased concentration of hydrogen peroxide directly to the surfaces of the teeth to be bleached; while being completely devoid of the safety concerns which hampered the prior art.
- the present invention in its essential and preferred embodiment, provides for an aerosol containing hydrogen peroxide of appreciable and effective concentrations (5% - 40%), to be sprayed directly onto the teeth without the anticipated sensitivity to the gums and oral tissues.
- the present invention teaches a spray method and apparatus therefore that avoids the potential harmful effects of having the bleaching solution contact the eyes, lips, facial tissue, and other sensitive human tissue, and garments due to misdirected spray.
- the present invention overcomes the need for many applications, since the present invention teaches compositions and methods where the user employs the spray process once every third day, or once a day, depending on the strength of the treatment.
- the present invention employs a convenient spray method, which can be practiced without the need to hide or experience embarrassment and is effective in less than 2 minutes.
- the need for convenient oral preparations to aid in the prevention and remediation of gingivitis, periodontal diseases, and halitosis is met by the present invention by incorporation of the alternatives; that is by incorporation of the plaque removal and antiplaque compositions of Arnold as described in US Patent Nos. 6,086,854, 5,965,110, and 5,804,165 (hereafter "Arnold") as pre and post tooth whitening treatments.
- the entire content of each of U.S. Patent Nos. 6,086,854, 5,965,110, and 5,804,165 is incorporated herein by reference.
- the present invention in a primary embodiment, teaches a safe and effective tooth bleaching spray composition, comprised of certain aqueous solutions of concentrated hydrogen peroxide.
- concentration of the hydrogen peroxide delivered as an aerosol spray is between 5% and 40%, preferably between 6% and 37%, most preferably between 9% and 35%.
- These hydrogen peroxide solutions may have other additives, including flavorings and surfactants.
- the preferred dosage for a single aerosol spray event is an aliquot of from about 5mg to lOOOmg, the more preferred aliquot is from about 15mg to 750mg, and most preferred from about 35mg to 225mg.
- the device to deliver the aerosol spray is made from hydrogen peroxide compatible material, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, or glass, or other materials known safe to store hydrogen peroxide, and are adaptations of spray devices, common to modern cosmetology and oral spray technology, or to compressed gas aerosol spray technology.
- the adaptations of the spray devices for application in the present invention include a specially configured mouthpiece, where the lips surround the mouthpiece and thus inhibit or block the spray solution from exiting the targeted dental areas while directing it to the target areas. Descriptions of embodiments of the spray devices of the present invention are provided below and shown in the figures.
- mouthpiece embodiments described by the illustrations of Figures 1 - 6 are meant to be representative examples. That is, other mouthpiece designs may be included within the scope of the present invention, as long as they serve the purpose to: (1) protect the lips, facial tissue, nose mucosal tissue, eye tissue, other external tissues, and garments from the peroxide containing aerosol; (2) aid in the focus of the spray to the surfaces of the enamel, and; (3) inhibit, to some degree, the aerosol bleaching mixture from direct contact with inner oral surfaces of the lips. Also, the mouthpiece embodiments are shown in forms that can be applied to known dispensing containers as well as for especially made dispensing containers.
- These preferred spray devices are important to the present invention by inhibiting the spray from escaping from the mouthpiece, since spray forms of hydrogen peroxide solutions having concentrations between 5 % and 40%, can be damaging to the eyes, and cause an immediate discomfort and burning sensation to the lips and facial skin tissues, and since they also serve to eliminate the potential problem of the spray from reaching the garments the user is wearing, where exposure to hydrogen peroxide would ruin the garment.
- the proper use of this preferred embodiment is to have the lips of the user wrap around the mouthpiece device, thus inhibiting the spray from interacting with tissue and material external to the inside of the oral cavity.
- Such an employ also facilitates the user comfort and safety aspects of the present invention by minimizing the exposure to the non-keratinized soft tissue, which includes the inner lips and inner-oral tissues, including the tongue.
- the spray may be a pump aerosol spray, or an aerosol spray form having the hydrogen peroxide solution propelled by compressed inert gas, usually butane gas, and as such having a corresponding aerosol container suitable to such pressures and such a delivery system.
- compressed inert gas usually butane gas
- Such gas-propelled or hand actuated pump aerosol spray delivery systems are commonplace in today's consumer market.
- the apparatus of the invention in one embodiment is a mouthpiece attachment to a spray canister, the attachment being configured to attach to the spray canister to allow the canister contents to be sprayed into the mouthpiece attachment and to allow the spray to be sprayed into the user's mouth, directed to the teeth while inhibiting any escape of the spray.
- FIGs IA- ID One embodiment of the attachment is shown in Figs IA- ID showing a spray attachment 10.
- the spray attachment 10 has a nozzle adapter end 12 and a spray control end 14 also referred to as a mouthpiece portion, which is configured as a circular walls 16a, 16b, 16c defining a progressively enlarging interior volume 18.
- the circular walls start at a proximate end with a smaller cylindrical portion 16a, then to a frustum portion 16b and then to a final cylindrical portion 16c at a distal end.
- this configuration helps with the sealing effect when it is placed in a user's mouth since the lips can surround the smaller portions 16a and 16b and allow the larger portion 16c to be proximate the teeth in order to direct the spray onto the teeth.
- a spray entry opening 20 at the proximate end extends through the nozzle adapter end 12 into the interior area.
- the spray attachment 10 is fitted to a spray bottle 22 that has a spray nozzle 24.
- the nozzle adapter end 12 is configured in this embodiment as an insert tube 26 and a transition frustum 28 that can be inserted into the spray nozzle 24 and sealed to ensure that the full volume of spray is ejected as a fine aerosol mist from the spray bottle 22 when it is operated, directing the aerosol spray exiting the spray nozzle 24 through the spray attachment 10 from which it is expelled at the opening of the distal end as an aerosol spray onto the target area.
- Fig. ID shows how the spray attachment 10 is inserted into the user's mouth. It will be surrounded by the user's lips in a sealing manner on the exterior of the mouthpiece portion 14 so that no spray can escape into contact with the lips, or outside the user's mouth into contact with the face, nose, eyes or clothes. Because of the configuration of the mouthpiece portion 14, the user's lips can close on the cylindrical portion 16a, with the frustum portion 16b on the interior of the lips and the cylindrical portion 16c directing the aerosol spray toward the teeth.
- a tooth whitening solution in the spray bottle 22 the spray control end 14 is inserted into the oral cavity is shown in Fig ID, where the lips surround and encase the exterior of the mouthpiece portion 14, thereby inhibiting the ejection of any misdirected solution and keeping it away from the eyes, nose, facial tissue and clothes.
- the user holds the apparatus placing the distal end opening in close proximity to the teeth in a selected starting position, typically at one side of the mouth at a series of teeth, although starting at the front is also available, pump the spray nozzle 24 once, then sequentially move it laterally and repeating the sequential spray steps 2 - 6 times until all the teeth have been sprayed with the whitening aerosol spray solution.
- the diameter of the exit of cylinder 16c can range from about 3/4 in. to about 1 1/2 in, 1 1/4 in being preferred so as to fit a wide range of users.
- Figs 2A-2D shows another configuration of a spray attachment 30 like the one shown in Figs 1A-1D but with a simpler configuration of the spray attachment 30.
- the spray attachment 30 has a nozzle adapter end 32 and a spray control end 34 also referred to as a mouthpiece portion, which is configured as a cylinder 36 so that the interior space has an axially constant volume 38. This configuration allows a sealing effect when it is placed in a user's mouth.
- An opening 40 extends through the nozzle adapter end 32 into the interior volume 38.
- the spray attachment 30 is fitted to a spray bottle 42 that has a spray nozzle 44.
- the nozzle adapter end 32 is configured in this embodiment as an insert tube 46 and a transition frustum 48 that can be inserted into the spray nozzle 44 and sealed to ensure that the full volume of spray is ejected as a fine aerosol mist from the spray bottle 42 when t is operated, directing the spray exiting the spray nozzle 42 through the spray attachment 30 from which the spray is expelled as an aerosol spray.
- Fig. 2D shows a proper fit for the cylindrically shaped spray control end 34 into the oral cavity, where the user's lips, surround the spray control end 34, encasing its outer surface forming an substantial seal, thereby inhibiting the ejection of any misdirected whitening solution and keeping it away from the eyes, nose, facial tissue and clothes.
- Proper usage has the user hold the apparatus, pump the spray nozzle 24 once, then move the unit laterally starting from one side of the mouth, and repeating the spray process 2 - 6 times until all the teeth have been saturated with the whitening aerosol spray solution.
- FIGs. 3A-3E Another embodiment of the attachment is shown in Figs. 3A-3E showing a spray attachment 50.
- the spray attachment 50 has a nozzle adapter end 52 and a spray control end 54 also referred to as a mouthpiece portion which is configured as an expanding rectangular cross-section defining a progressively enlarging interior volume 58.
- An opening 60 extends through the nozzle adapter end 52 into the interior volume 58.
- the nozzle adapter end 52 has a clip-on configuration, having curved legs 56a and 56b that are sufficiently flexible to grip the spray nozzle 64 on the spray bottle 62, so that the opening 60 is aligned with the orifice of the spray nozzle 64, thereby maintaining the integrity of the spray directed into the volume 58.
- FIG. 3E shows a proper fit into the oral cavity where the user's lips, surround the mouthpiece portion 54, encasing the outer surface, forming an airtight seal, thereby inhibiting the ejection of any misdirected whitening solution and keeping it away from the eyes, nose, facial tissue and clothes.
- Proper usage has the user hold the apparatus, pump the spray nozzle head 12, once, then move the hand-held spray bottle 62, laterally starting from one side of the mouth, and repeating the spray process 2 - 6 times until all the teeth have been saturated with the whitening aerosol spray.
- the attachment 70 has a nozzle adapter end 72 which has a soft plastic cover member 74 which is sufficiently flexible that when depressed from the top as at 76, it will collapse along a portion shown at 78 below the orifice of the spray nozzle 80. This will maintain an opening 82 in the nozzle adapter end 72 aligned with the exit orifice of the spray nozzle 80.
- the mouthpiece end of this embodiment can have any desired configuration.
- FIGs. 5A-5E Another embodiment is shown in Figs. 5A-5E showing an integral spray nozzle 100 on a spray bottle 102.
- the shape of the mouthpiece end can be selected as desired, including any of the configurations described herein as well as other configurations that are made to direct the whitening aerosol spray to the user's teeth and at the same time providing a seal to the user's lips to inhibit escape of any of the spray.
- This spray nozzle 100 is different from those depicted in the previous description because it is assembled as an integral spray nozzle head 110 with a spray bottle 102, including the channel required to eject the whitening solution as a fine aerosol spray; although it could also be supplied to be fitted to a pre-existing spray bottle as in the previous examples.
- the mouthpiece 104 is configured as an expanding rectangular cross-section ending in concave upper and lower edges 106a and 106b adapted to follow the general curvature of the upper and lower dental areas of a typical human oral cavity.
- a complete hand-held spray tooth whitening device 108 is illustrated in Fig. 5D, where the spray nozzle head 100 is assembled as an integral part of typical atomizer bottle 102.
- a cylindrical container having a volume of 2ml is depicted as the atomizer pump reservoir.
- An illustration of a proper fit for the spray control end 104 is shown in Fig.
- FIGs. 6A-6D Another embodiment of the spray apparatus is shown in Figs. 6A-6D showing a typical bulb pump 120 attached to a bottle 122.
- any selected shape for the spray control end can be used; the one illustrated being the one shown in Figs 2A-2D for illustration purposes.
- Proper usage has the user hold the apparatus, pump the atomizer bulb 124 once to 10 times, then move it laterally starting from one side of the mouth, and repeating the spray process 2 - 6 times until all the teeth have been saturated with the whitening aerosol spray.
- the present invention includes the discovery that, as an aerosol spray (the term aerosol referrers to any liquid suspended as fine droplets in gaseous phase), application of certain concentrated hydrogen peroxide aqueous solutions to be devoid of any of the anticipated ill effects to the keratinized soft tissue of the oral cavity (gums), such as chronic sensitivity, chronic burning sensation. It has also been discovered that application, in accord with the present invention, of these highly concentrated solutions of hydrogen peroxide as aerosols, in comparison to the results obtained by practicing the teachings of the prior art, results in significantly reduced sensitivity to the pallet and tongue and, in general are devoid serious damage of the oral inner membranes including inner lips and oral mucosa.
- the present invention is based on the discovery that a convenient and safe method exists for direct application of solutions of concentrated hydrogen peroxide to the enamel including incidentally to the gingiva and other soft tissue, utilizing an aerosol spray. Since the tooth whitening art for well over 100 years has believed otherwise, the present invention teaches, for the first time, that indeed the use of these previously-deemed unsafe oral liquid compositions of concentrated hydrogen peroxide can be employed safely as demonstrated by the results shown in Tables 1 and 2.. It is this employment of solutions of higher concentration of hydrogen peroxide, as an aerosol spray, that gives rise to the desired teeth-whitening efficacy.
- the whitening action has been demonstrated (see Table 3 and Table 4) as comparable to or better than the other methods (strip, tray gel, paint on gel), and much better than the tooth whitening rinses, including the spray forms of the prior art using low concentrations, or tooth whitening toothpastes.
- the present invention teaches to the art of tooth bleaching, a novel means to whiten teeth with results as good as or better than the existing methods, but with the advantages of quick-action, and of convenience and facile use engendered by the employ of oral spray.
- Table 4 provides data that demonstrate conclusively that a preferred embodiment of the present invention, where an aerosol spray method employing a solution of hydrogen peroxide bleach of 35% concentration and including the apparatus of the present invention similar to those depicted in Figs 6A-D, is very effective in whitening the teeth with just one 2-minute application.
- the aerosol spray method of the present invention serves to deliver hydrogen peroxide to the teeth in higher dosages than, due to safety concerns, were previously believed possible by those skilled in the art. It has been discovered that it is this spray method that provides the aerosol chemistry that allows for the safe application of hydrogen peroxide of higher concentration to the hard tissue present in the oral cavity, without the need for a dam to protect the gingiva and other soft tissue, and without the discomfort typically encountered for other tooth whitening techniques that use high concentrations of hydrogen peroxide.
- the greater surface area of the small aerosol droplets in the spray, in comparison to the bulk liquid (as a solution or large droplet), provides a much greater exposure of highly reactive external peroxide moieties to the target tissues. This results in a higher effective concentration of peroxide interfacing with the saliva, where catalytic enzymes present to decompose the peroxide into the active oxygen are highly prevalent.
- the tiny droplets serve to facilitate an increased rate of reaction of the reactant peroxide, as an enzyme substrate, to the bleaching (and bactericidal) product, oxygen.
- a first alternative process of the present invention is the incorporation, as a pretreatment, of the use of the plaque removal/antiplaque oral compositions and methods taught by Arnold.
- these fundamental and core plaque removal/anti plaque compositions are comprised of a an effervescent tablet or effervescent powder composition for oral use having a non-aqueous, water soluble, pharmaceutically acceptable carbon dioxide source; a plaque adsorbent and a nonaqueous, water soluble, pharmaceutically acceptable acid source.
- the carbon dioxide source is preferably carbonate and/or a bicarbonate source, more preferably a bicarbonate salt, carbonate salt and mixtures thereof.
- the plaque adsorbent is preferably a silica source and more preferably silica, silicon dioxide, alumina, aluminosilicate, sodium aluminum silicate, zirconium silicate and mixtures thereof.
- the acid source is preferably a fruit acid source and more preferably a citric or tartaric acid.
- the presently preferred choice and ratio of these agents in the core and fundamental plaque removal/antiplaque compositions are; about 50- 90 parts bicarbonate source, about 10- 90 parts silica source and about 2 - 20 parts fruit acid, more preferably; about 60 - 85 parts bicarbonate source, about 20 - 80 parts silicon dioxide source and about 3 - 15 parts fruit acid source and most preferably; about 65- 80 parts bicarbonate source, about 25 to 60 parts silica source and about 4 - 10 parts fruit acid.
- Xylitol is also a preferred ingredient, and with respect to the above described core plaque removal/antiplaque composition, the preferred ratio of xylitol in this plaque removal/antiplaque core composition is from about 1-20 parts xylitol, to about 1-10 parts of the core composition, more preferably from about 2-15 parts xylitol to about 1-10 parts of the core composition, and most preferably from about 5-10 parts xylitol to about 1-8 parts core composition.
- composition is prepared such that upon usage, the salivary pH remains in the basic range.
- the method for using the above described first alternative is to use the plaque removal/antiplaque treatment no more than about 15 minutes before the tooth whitening treatment in order to obtain optimum synergistic effect of the two treatments, and the closer in time, the better.
- This first alternative provides for a more efficient, and in many cases, improved overall tooth-whitening result, as well as an enhancement to the overall chemotherapeutic benefits engendered by the daily practice of the present invention.
- This embodiment is provided in order to aid in the removal of biofilm, which contains organic and inorganic accumulates referred to as dental plaque from the enamel and gingiva, and to aid in the removal of food and drink residues and tobacco staining agents. It is these agents that ultimately are the source of discolor for the teeth, and the source of periodontal diseases.
- the enhancement to the spray tooth whitening technique disclosed by the present invention is also due to a chemical catalysis of the bleaching reaction, which aids the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to the active bleaching oxygen moieties.
- the enhancement to the tooth whitening action of the aerosols of the present invention as a result of practice of the first alternative is not only due to the debridement action that occurs on the surface of the teeth, but also due to the catalysis of the bleaching chemical reaction.
- catalysis of the bleaching reaction may be achieved due to the sustained presence of catalytic moieties on the surface of the teeth.
- bicarbonate ion as well as inorganic micron-sized particles has a sustained residence on the surfaces of the teeth, and in the biofilm residues encasing the teeth, and coating the inner oral soft tissues as a direct result of the practice of the antiplaque methods and compositions taught by Arnold.
- transition metal salts as well as trace metals, many of which are found in the silicon-dioxide polymers of the teachings of Arnold, catalyze the rapid decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to products suitable as bleaching agents (oxygen, per oxygen, hydroxide free radicals, superoxide).
- bleaching agents oxygen, per oxygen, hydroxide free radicals, superoxide.
- sustenance of these types of particles gives rise to sustenance of catalytic moieties on the surfaces important to tooth whitening bleaching reactions.
- a second alternative to the present invention is the practice of the tooth whitening procedure in a series, and shortly before each tooth whitening treatment, the protocol and compositions described above for the first alternative are employed as pretreatments for the tooth whitening.
- a preferred series is once a day for several days.
- a third alternative utilizes the teachings described for the second alternative for use in between the series of tooth whitening treatments. This therefore, provides an additional plaque removal/antiplaque treatment not proximate to the tooth whitening treatments of the series (such as once a day), but at a time approximately, insofar as convenient, half-way between them.
- This third alternative is important for tooth whitening maintenance, since its practice contributes to the overall reduction in biofilm.
- plaque removal/antiplaque compositions of Arnold in between tooth whitening treatments, plaque, organic and inorganic colorant agents from food, drink, bacteria are reduced significantly.
- this third alternative may be employed for tooth whitening treatment protocols, in general, that is, it is not limited to the spray aerosol techniques taught by the present invention.
- the present invention teaches that a significant synergistic enhancement takes place as a result of employment of the first and second alternatives of the present invention.
- this enhanced tooth whitening efficacy in comparison to the embodiment of the present invention where the aerosol spray tooth whitening treatment is used alone, is most likely due to: 1) an appreciable pre- cleaning and removal of the biofilm (debridement); (2) buffering, in the slightly basic range of the inner oral cavity, and; (3) the sustained presence of catalytical inorganic residues.
- these factors allow for a more penetrative oxygenation of the enamel, and a more active bleaching reaction. Increasing the rate of the bleaching reaction, and the degree of the bleaching reactions effectiveness gives rise to a more aesthetic result in a shorter period of time.
- Chemotherapeutically the methods and compositions of the present invention utilizing the first, and second alternatives, affords to the present invention an enhanced, synergistic method for the remediation and prevention of periodontal diseases, gingivitis, and halitosis than previously anticipated (by the teachings of Arnold, and also from the vast amount of research reported for chemotherapeutic benefits of the Keyes technique).
- the teachings of the present invention that safe application to the human oral cavity of higher-strength hydrogen peroxide solutions in combination with the first and second alternatives, provide for a more orally active biological treatment than previously thought possible by practice of the Keyes methodology, or by the teachings of Arnold, exclusively.
- the degree of chemotherapeutic efficacy engendered by these methods was restricted by safety concerns.
- the present invention teaches a more facile and more effective chemotherapeutic method and composition for treatment of the gingival tissue with peroxide and bicarbonate salts in comparison to the Keyes technique; and in comparison to those derivatives of Keyes technique that are practiced routinely in many periodontal clinics and patient homes throughout the world; and also in comparison to the many traditional "out of the clinic” (in home) treatments such as bactericidal mouthwashes, toothpastes, tongue scrapers, breath lozenges and breath sprays, and picks, etc. which are commonly used in the oral care practices of modern day.
- compositions of the first, second and third alternatives of the present invention include the anti plaque compositions of the teachings of Arnold.
- compositions described as the preferred embodiments of said teachings are comprised of a carbonate source and/or a bicarbonate source, preferably sodium bicarbonate and/or potassium bicarbonate, a fruit acid source, preferably citric or tartaric acid, and a source of silicone dioxide, preferably amorphous silica, and most preferably, precipitated amorphous silica.
- Xylitol is also a preferred ingredient.
- Flavoring agents and surfactants may also be included. It is anticipated that other agents may be included.
- the preferred amount of carbonate and/or bicarbonate source is from about 3% to about 90%, more preferably from about 8% to about 80%, more preferably from about 10% to about 60%, and most preferably from about 10% to about 45%.
- the preferred amount of fruit acid source is from about 0.5% to about 22%, more preferably from about 1.25% to about 18%, more preferably from about 1.5 % to about 8%, and most preferably from about 2% to about 11%.
- the preferred amount of silica is from about 1% to about 60%, more preferably from about 4% to about 50%, more preferably from about 6% to about 35%, and most preferably from about 10% to about 45%.
- the preferred amount of Xylitol is from about 5% to about 97%, more preferably from about 8% to about 85%, more preferably from about 10% to about 80%, and most preferably from about 10% to about 70%.
- the commercially available hydrogen peroxide 35% aqueous solution was poured directly into an atomizer, similar to that displayed in Figure 6.
- the mouthpiece was then attached, and then holding the apparatus with two hands, one holding the mouthpiece and the other hand ready to squeeze the atomizer bulb, the mouthpiece was inserted into the oral cavity, where the mouth was closed such that the upper and lower arrays of teeth were touching.
- the mouthpiece portion of the mouthpiece-atomizer apparatus was then inserted into left quarter of the front portion of the mouth with the lips surrounding the outer portion of the mouthpiece so that fluid could not be ejected from the closed mouth. Then, the atomizer bulb was pumped 3 times.
- the position of the apparatus was changed by moving to the center portion of the mouth, then the bulb was pumped an additional 3 times, and finally, the position of the mouthpiece-atomizer apparatus was changed, moving from the center to the right portion of the mouth, and again, 3 pumps of the atomizer by depressing and releasing the fingers in the holding hand, was undertaken, and then the apparatus was removed from the mouth, and the lips tightly closed.
- This spray operation was completed in about 10 seconds.
- a slight tingling sensation was reported, but no pain or burning or any injury was observed, or reported.
- the subject gently swirled the salivary mixture throughout the oral cavity for about 2 minutes, then expectorated.
- the subject was measured for change in whitening with the Vita Shade Guide, and the result was a difference of 6 shades, + ⁇ sgu. No pain to the gingival or soft tissue was observed or reported, subsequently.
- the following example describes a preferred tooth bleaching treatment procedure useful in achieving a high degree of whitening within a short period of time.
- the commercially available hydrogen peroxide 35% aqueous solution was poured directly into an atomizer reservoir, similar to that displayed in Figure 6.
- the mouthpiece was then attached, and then holding the apparatus with two hands, one holding the mouthpiece, and the other hand ready to squeeze the atomizer bulb, the mouthpiece was inserted into the oral cavity, where the upper and lower jaws where closed such that the upper and lower arrays of teeth were touching.
- the mouthpiece portion of the mouthpiece-atomizer apparatus was then inserted into left quarter of the front portion of the mouth with the lips surrounding the outer portion of the mouthpiece so that fluid could not be ejected from the closed mouth. Then, the atomizer bulb was pumped 3 times.
- the position of the apparatus was changed by moving to the center portion of the mouth, then the bulb was pumped an additional 3 times, and finally, the position of the mouthpiece-atomizer apparatus was changed, moving from the center to the right portion of the mouth, and again, 3 pumps of the atomizer by depressing and releasing the fingers in the holding hand, was undertaken, and then the apparatus was removed from the mouth, and the lips tightly closed.
- This spray operation was completed in about 10 seconds. A slight tingling sensation was reported, but no pain or burning or any injury was observed, or reported. After the lips were sealed, a bountiful effervescence took place and in concert with this effervescence, the subject gently swirled the salivary mixture throughout the oral cavity for about 2 minutes, then expectorated.
- the protocol employs sequential use of preparation A and B according to the sequence of: one day, once a day, of preparation A followed by three days, once each day, of preparation B, then repeating for a total of 24 days (6 rounds).
- the teeth were measured for whiteness using the Vita Shade Guide, and a change of 10 shades, + ⁇ sgu, of whitening was determined. No pain or injury was reported, or observed.
- the following example is provided to illustrate a tooth whitening method using the lower strength aerosol spray composition in a sequential, multi day dosage regimen.
- Example I The tooth whitening protocol described in Example I. was carried out once a day for 30 consecutive days. The result was a change in shade of 7 shades.
- Tooth Whitening Protocol Where Pretreatment Using Compositions of Arnold before the Spray Tooth Whitening Treatment.
- the subject was evaluated for tooth whitening and it was determined the subject had a shade change of 9 units.
- compositions and methods described for pre treatment, and for treatment, as described by EXAMPLE VI, were carried out over the course of 30 days.
- Solid Oral Preparation described by EXAMPLE VI was administered in between tooth whitening treatments.
- the subject used the solid oral preparations of Arnold about 3 hours after the treatment. The subject noticed an overall appealing feeling to the condition of the oral cavity, and his fellow associates commented on how less odiferous his breath appeared to them, and how white his teeth looked.
- This example provides another example of the use of the compositions of Arnold employed as the Third Alternative of the present invention.
- the solid oral preparation described in EXAMPLE V was prepared.
- the tooth whitening composition and apparatus were prepared according to EXAMPLE II, and the method of EXAMPLE II was carried out for the course of 7 days. During this time period, intermittingly, random times between tooth whitening operations, the use of the solid oral preparations described in EXAMPLE V (anti plaque effervescent composition), and the oral rinse procedures described therein, were operational, and carried out at least once a day for the 7 day period.
- the subject continued to use the solid oral preparations random times over the course of many months, whenever the subject felt the need to cleanse the oral cavity, and whenever the subject was unable to brush the teeth using traditional tooth brushing methods. During this period, the subject also used the lower strength bleaching solution described in EXAMPLE III at random times to occasionally bleach the teeth and obtain a slightly whiter shade of the enamel. The results were a much healthier condition of the gums, and an enhanced whitening of the teeth.
- Fig. 7 provides results of a clinical study where 10 subjects were evaluated for pH changes over time after use of a preferred embodiment of the teachings of Arnold as detailed in Example IX.
- the pH reading of collected saliva samples were recorded for the collection times of 1 min, 5min, 15min, 30min and 1 hour.
- the increase into the basic ph range of the saliva pH, and its sustained basic values over 15 minutes, and to 30 and 60 minutes are evident.
- the basic pH is directly due to the bicarbonate ion having substantial concentration in the salivary mixture sample measured.
- Such sustenance of the bicarbonate ion is a direct result of the presence of is micron-sized silicon dioxide particles and bicarbonate salt particles that are sustained in the oral cavity after oral rinse procedure of Arnold is completed.
- This buffer is between pH 7.4 and pH 8.2, pH conditions known to enforce rapid catalysis of peroxide decomposition, and thus activate the peroxide bleach for the tooth whitening action.
- the present invention teaches a convenient, unprecedented method, compositions and devices, which provide highly active and effective cosmetic and pharmacological benefits for the human oral condition, specifically for whitening of the teeth, and for the remediation and prevention of periodontal diseases and bacterial halitosis. It is also noteworthy that the portability and convenience of the present invention renders it easy to use often during the course of the day or evening. It is this high frequency of use of the cleansing and bactericidal compositions of the present invention that facilitates both an enhancement to the oral cosmetic tooth-whitening efficacy as well as promotes higher levels of oral pharmacological health.
- the pharmacological efficacy of the present invention is much improved in comparison to modern day portable and non-portable preventative and remedial oral care treatments, which are available over counter (OTC) as drugs, and in many cases, on magnitude of efficacy reached by clinical treatments, or physician-directed prescriptive measures.
- the liquid spray method has many advantages to other in-home tooth whitening methods, with at worst, similar sensitivity expected for any tooth-whitening product (mild sensitive to the soft tissue - readily reversible within minutes).
- the present invention has an advantage to the gels and strip methods, since the present invention is much more convenient and discrete to use, and much more portable, and most importantly, much faster in its tooth whitening action. This results in a more frequent usage with much less discomfort to the user, thus facilitating a more pleasing and desirable tooth whitening and oral cleaning and deodorizing experience.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (7)
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MX2010010839A MX2010010839A (en) | 2008-04-02 | 2009-03-31 | Oral hygiene composition and apparatus and method. |
EP09726442A EP2271278A4 (en) | 2008-04-02 | 2009-03-31 | Oral hygiene composition and apparatus and method |
AU2009231829A AU2009231829A1 (en) | 2008-04-02 | 2009-03-31 | Oral hygiene composition and apparatus and method |
CA2720202A CA2720202A1 (en) | 2008-04-02 | 2009-03-31 | Oral hygiene composition and apparatus and method |
BRPI0911379A BRPI0911379A2 (en) | 2008-04-02 | 2009-03-31 | oral hygiene composition, equipment and method |
CN2009801206136A CN102046140A (en) | 2008-04-02 | 2009-03-31 | Oral hygiene composition and apparatus and method |
JP2011503114A JP2011516163A (en) | 2008-04-02 | 2009-03-31 | Oral hygiene compositions and tools and methods |
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US12/061,493 US8801436B2 (en) | 2008-04-02 | 2008-04-02 | Oral hygiene composition and apparatus and method |
US12/061,493 | 2008-04-02 |
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WO2009124089A2 true WO2009124089A2 (en) | 2009-10-08 |
WO2009124089A3 WO2009124089A3 (en) | 2010-06-10 |
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PCT/US2009/039031 WO2009124089A2 (en) | 2008-04-02 | 2009-03-31 | Oral hygiene composition and apparatus and method |
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US (1) | US8801436B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2271278A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2011516163A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20100132984A (en) |
CN (1) | CN102046140A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2009231829A1 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0911379A2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2720202A1 (en) |
MX (1) | MX2010010839A (en) |
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EP2399547A1 (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2011-12-28 | OCSLabo-OralCareScienceLabo Sagl | Safety dispensing device for substances for oral hygiene |
EP2399568A1 (en) | 2010-06-25 | 2011-12-28 | OCSLabo-OralCareScienceLabo Sagl | Teeth whitening composition and method |
WO2013089565A1 (en) * | 2011-12-15 | 2013-06-20 | Abdalla Hisham | Improvements in oral health, products and methods therefor |
JPWO2014196201A1 (en) * | 2013-06-07 | 2017-02-23 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | Tooth bleaching equipment |
USD737951S1 (en) | 2013-11-26 | 2015-09-01 | Church & Dwight Co., Inc. | Nozzle |
US9894893B2 (en) | 2015-04-23 | 2018-02-20 | Wyndscent, Llc | Breath-powered vapor distribution device |
US9585981B2 (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2017-03-07 | Fourth Arrow, LLC | Device for creating and distributing vaporized scent |
US10278382B2 (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2019-05-07 | Wyndscent, Llc | Device for creating and distributing vaporized scent |
CN108704204A (en) * | 2015-05-16 | 2018-10-26 | 苏州汉方医药有限公司 | The medicine box being made of manual microactuator suspension particle generator and cordate houttuynia or decanoy acetaldehyde |
JPWO2017109889A1 (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2018-10-25 | リジェンティス株式会社 | Teeth bleaching composition and tooth bleaching method |
WO2017126760A1 (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2017-07-27 | 주식회사 네이처젠 | Viscous peroxide blend |
GB201701869D0 (en) | 2017-02-04 | 2017-03-22 | Swish Ip Holdings Ltd | Oral Hygiene Compositions |
US11140895B2 (en) | 2017-10-13 | 2021-10-12 | Wyndscent, Llc | Electronic vapor dispenser for hunting |
US11484112B2 (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2022-11-01 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Method of whitening teeth |
USD942586S1 (en) | 2018-11-27 | 2022-02-01 | Church & Dwight Co., Inc. | Front band on a spray nozzle |
CN109925086A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-06-25 | 河源唯缇科技有限公司 | Oral cavity thermal current instrument |
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2009
- 2009-03-31 CN CN2009801206136A patent/CN102046140A/en active Pending
- 2009-03-31 CA CA2720202A patent/CA2720202A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-03-31 EP EP09726442A patent/EP2271278A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-03-31 KR KR1020107023418A patent/KR20100132984A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-03-31 BR BRPI0911379A patent/BRPI0911379A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-03-31 AU AU2009231829A patent/AU2009231829A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-03-31 MX MX2010010839A patent/MX2010010839A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-03-31 WO PCT/US2009/039031 patent/WO2009124089A2/en active Application Filing
- 2009-03-31 JP JP2011503114A patent/JP2011516163A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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AU2009231829A1 (en) | 2009-10-08 |
US8801436B2 (en) | 2014-08-12 |
WO2009124089A3 (en) | 2010-06-10 |
MX2010010839A (en) | 2011-02-22 |
EP2271278A2 (en) | 2011-01-12 |
CA2720202A1 (en) | 2009-10-08 |
CN102046140A (en) | 2011-05-04 |
JP2011516163A (en) | 2011-05-26 |
US20090253101A1 (en) | 2009-10-08 |
KR20100132984A (en) | 2010-12-20 |
EP2271278A4 (en) | 2012-09-19 |
BRPI0911379A2 (en) | 2015-12-29 |
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