WO2009115434A2

WO2009115434A2 - Herbicidal compositions comprising pyroxasulfone ix

Info

Publication number: WO2009115434A2
Application number: PCT/EP2009/052785
Authority: WO
Inventors: Bernd Sievernich; Anja Simon; William Karl Moberg; Richard R. Evans
Original assignee: Basf Se
Priority date: 2008-03-19
Filing date: 2009-03-10
Publication date: 2009-09-24
Also published as: WO2009115434A3

Abstract

The present invention relates to herbicidally active compositions, which comprise 3-[5- (difluoromethoxy)-1 -methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-4-ylmethylsulfonyl]-4,5-dihydro- 5,5-dimethyl-1,2-oxazole [common name pyroxasulfone] and at least one herbicide B, which is selected from the group consisting of b.1 inhibitors of lipid biosynthesis; b.2 inhibitors of the photosystem I; and b.3 bleacher herbicides of the group consisting of clomazone and aclonifen. The invention furthermore relates to the use of a composition as defined herein for controlling undesirable vegetation, in particular in crops. When using the compositions of the invention for this purpose the herbicide A and the at least one herbicide B can be applied simultaneously or in succession in crops, where undesirable vegetation may occur.

Description

Herbicidal compositions comprising pyroxasulfone IX

The present invention relates to herbicidally active compositions, which comprise 3-[5- (difluoromethoxy)-1-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-4-ylmethylsulfonyl]-4,5-dihydro- 5,5-dimethyl-1 ,2-oxazole [common name pyroxasulfone] and at least one herbicide B.

Background of the invention

In crop protection, it is desirable in principle to increase the specificity and the reliability of the action of active compounds. In particular, it is desirable for the crop protection product to control the harmful plants effectively and, at the same time, to be tolerated by the useful plants in question.

Pyroxasulfone has been described in EP-A 1364946 and US 2005/0256004.

Although pyroxasulfone is a highly effective pre-emergence herbicide, its activity at low application rates is not always satisfactory. Moreover, pyroxasulfone is known to have only poor post-emergence activity (Y. Yamaji et al., "Application timing and field performance of KIH-485", Conference Abstract I-1-N-12B of 11. IUPAC International Con- gress of Pesticide Chemistry, 2006 Kobe, Japan). Apart from that, its compatibility with certain dicotyledonous crop plants such as cotton, sunflower, soybean, brassica crops such as canola and oilseed rape and some graminaceous plants such as rice, wheat, rye and barley is not always satisfactory, i.e. in addition to the harmful plants, the crop plants are also damaged to an extent which is not acceptable. Though it is in principle possible to spare crop plants by lowering the application rates, the extent of the control of harmful plants is naturally also reduced.

It is known that combined application of certain different herbicides with specific action might result in an enhanced activity of an herbicide component in comparison with a simple additive action. Such an enhanced activity is also termed a synergism or synergistic activity. As a consequence, it is possible to reduce the application rates of herbicidally active compounds required for controlling the harmful plants.

WO 2005/104848 describes compositions containing a herbicidal 3-sulfonylisoxazoline compound such as pyroxasulfone and a herbicide-antagonistically active amount of a safener. Similar compositions are known from WO 2007/006509.

US 2005/256004, for example, discloses that in a pre-emergence treatment, joint application of certain herbicidal 3-sulfonylisoxazoline compounds, such as pyroxasulfone, with atrazine or cyanazine results in an increased overall herbicide action against cer- tain monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous annual broadleaf weeds (lambsquarter, green foxtail, velvetleaf) in comparison with a simple expected additive action.

WO 2006/097322 discloses a herbicidal composition comprising pyroxasulfone and a second herbicide selected from tembotrione, topramezone and 4-hydroxy-3-[[2-[(2- methoxyethoxy)methyl]-6-(trifluoromethyl-3-pyridinyl]carbonyl]bicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-ene-2- one.

WO 2006/097509 discloses a herbicidal composition comprising a herbicidal 3- sulfonylisoxazoline compound such as pyroxasulfone and a phenyluracil compound.

Unfortunately, it is usually not possible to predict synergistic activity for combinations of known herbicides, even if the compounds show a close structural similarity to known synergistic combinations.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide herbicidal compositions, which show enhanced herbicide action in comparison with the herbicide action of pyroxasulfone against undesirable harmful plants, in particular against Alopecurus myosuroides, Avena fatua, Bromus spec, Echinocloa spec, Lolium spec, Phalaris spec, Setaria spec, Digitaria spec, Brachiaria spec, Amaranthus spec, Chenopodium spec, Abuti- lon theophrasti, Galium aparine, Veronica spec, or Solanum spec, and/or to improve their compatibility with crop plants, in particular improved compatibility with wheat, bar- ley, rye, rice, soybean, sunflower, brassica crops and/or cotton. The composition should also have a good herbicidal activity in post-emergence applications. The compositions should also show an accelerated action on harmful plants, i.e. they should effect damaging of the harmful plants more quickly in comparison with application of the individual herbicides.

We have found that this object is achieved, surprisingly, by herbicidally active compositions comprising

a) pyroxasulfone, i.e. 3-[5-(difluoromethoxy)-1-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-4- ylmethylsulfonyl]-4,5-dihydro-5,5-dimethyl-1 ,2-oxazole (hereinafter also referred to as herbicide A);

and

b) at least one herbicide B which is selected from the group consisting of b.1 inhibitors of lipid biosynthesis; b.2 inhibitors of the photosystem I; and b.3 bleacher herbicides of the group consisting of clomazone and aclonifen.

The invention relates in particular to compositions in the form of herbicidally active compositions as defined above.

The invention also relates to the use of a composition as defined herein for controlling undesirable vegetation. When using the compositions of the invention for this purpose the herbicide A and the at least one herbicide B can be applied simultaneously or in succession, where undesirable vegetation may occur.

The invention furthermore relates to the use of a composition as defined herein for controlling undesirable vegetation in crops. When using the compositions of the invention for this purpose the herbicide A and the at least one herbicide B can be applied simul- taneously or in succession in crops, where undesirable vegetation may occur.

The invention furthermore relates to the use of a composition as defined herein for controlling undesirable vegetation in crops which, by genetic engineering or by breeding, are resistant or tolerant to one or more herbicides and/or pathogens, such as plant- phatogenous fungi, and/or to attack by insects; preferably resistant or tolerant to one or more herbicides that act as inhibitors of the lipid biosynthesis, inhibitor of the photosystem I or that are selected from clomazone and aclonifen.

The invention furthermore relates to a method for controlling undesirable vegetation, which comprises applying a herbicidal composition according to the present invention to the undesirable plants. Application can be done before, during and/or after, preferably during and/or after, the emergence of the undesirable plants. The herbicide A and the at least one herbicide B can be applied simultaneously or in succession.

The invention in particular relates to a method for controlling undesirable vegetation in crops, which comprises applying an herbicidal composition according to the present invention in crops where undesirable vegetation occurs or might occur.

The invention furthermore relates to a method for controlling undesirable vegetation, which comprises allowing a composition according to the present invention to act on plants, their habitat or on seed.

In the uses and methods of the present invention it is immaterial whether the herbicide A and the at least one herbicide B are formulated and applied jointly or separately, and, in the case of separate application, in which order the application takes place. It is only necessary, that the herbicide A and the at least one herbicide B are applied in a time frame, which allows simultaneous action of the active ingredients on the plants.

The invention also relates to a herbicide formulation, which comprises a herbicidally active composition as defined herein and at least one carrier material, including liquid and/or solid carrier materials.

Detailed description of the invention

Surprisingly, the compositions according to the invention have better herbicidal activity against harmful plants than would have been expected by the herbicidal activity of the individual compounds. In other words, the joint action of pyroxasulfone and the at least one herbicide B results in an enhanced activity against harmful plants in the sense of a synergy effect (synergism). For this reason, the compositions can, based on the indi- vidual components, be used at lower application rates to achieve a herbicidal effect comparable to the individual components. Moreover, the compositions of the present invention provide good post-emergence herbicidal activity, i.e. the compositions are particularly useful for combating/controlling harmful plants after their emergence. Apart form that, the compositions of the present invention show good crop compatibility, i.e. their use in crops leads to a reduced damage of the crop plants and/or does not result in increased damage of the crop plants.

As used herein, the terms "controlling" and "combating" are synonyms.

As used herein, the terms "undesirable vegetation" and "harmful plants" are synonyms.

The compositions of the invention comprise pyroxasulfone as a first component a).

As a second component b), the compositions of the invention comprise at least one herbicide B which is selected from inhibitors of the lipid biosynthesis (hereinafter LBI herbicides), inhibitors of the photosystem I (hereinafter PSI herbicides) and bleacher herbicides selected from the group comprising clomazone and aclonifen. Herbicides inhibiting lipid biosynthesis are compounds that affect the lipid biosynthesis either through inhibition of acetyl CoA carboxylase (hereinafter termed ACC herbicides) or through a different mode of action (hereinafter termed non-ACC herbicides). The ACC herbicides belong to the group A of the HRAC classification system (see HRAC, Classification of Herbicides According to Mode of Action, http://www.plantprotection.org/hrac/MOA.htmi), whereas the non-ACC herbicides belong to the group N of the aforementioned HRAC classification. PSI herbicides are compounds which impact the photosynthesis of plants by diverting electron transfer in the photosystem I and which belong to the group D of the aforementioned HRAC clas- sification system. Bleacher herbicides, such as clomazone and aclonifen, interfere with the carotenoid biosyntheisis and belong to the group F3 of the aforementioned HRAC classification system.

Herbicide compounds of group b.1 , which belong to the group of ACC inhibitors include e.g. aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides, cyclohexene oxime herbicides and pinoxa- den.

Aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides include e.g. chlorazifop, clodinafop, clofop, cyhalofop, diclofop, fenoxaprop, fenoxaprop-P, fenthiaprop, fluazifop, fluazifop-P, haloxyfop, haloxyfop-P, isoxapyrifop, metamifop, propaquizafop, quizalofop, quizalofop-P and trifop and the salts and esters thereof.

Cyclohexene oxime herbicides include e.g. alloxydim, butroxydim, clethodim, cloproxydim, cycloxydim, profoxydim, sethoxydim, tepraloxydim and tralkoxydim and the salts and esters thereof.

Herbicide compounds of group b.1 , which belong to the group of non-ACC inhibitors include e.g. ethofumesate, prosulfocarb and tri-allate.

Herbicide compounds belonging to the group of photosystem I inhibitors include the bipyridylium herbicides, such as, for example diethamquat, diquat, morfamquat and paraquat and the salts thereof.

In the compositions of the present invention the relative weight ratio of pyroxasulfone to herbicide B is preferably in the range from 500:1 to 1 :500, in particular in the range from 250:1 to1 :250 and more preferably from 100:1 to 1 :100. Accordingly, in the methods and uses of the invention, pyroxasulfone and the at least one herbicide B are applied within these weight ratios.

The compositions of the invention may also comprise, as a component c), one or more safeners. Safeners, also termed as herbicide safeners, are organic compounds which in some cases lead to better crop plant compatibility when applied jointly with specifically acting herbicides. Some safeners are themselves herbicidally active. In these cases, the safeners act as antidote or antagonist in the crop plants and thus reduce or even prevent damage to the crop plants. However, in the compositions of the present invention, safeners are generally not required. Therefore, a preferred embodiment of the invention relates to compositions which contain no safener or virtually no safener (i.e. less than 1 % by weight, based on the total amount of herbicide A and herbicide B). Suitable safeners, which can be used in the compositions according to the present invention, are known in the art, e.g. from

The Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (http://www.alanwood.net/pesticides/); Farm Chemicals Handbook 2000 Vol. 86, Meister Publishing Company, 2000; B. Hock, C. Fedtke, R. R. Schmidt, Herbizide, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart 1995; W. H. Ahrens, Herbicide Handbook, 7^th Edition, Weed Science Society of America, 1994; and

K. K. Hatzios, Herbicide Handbook, Supplement to 7^th Edition, Weed Science Society of America, 1998.

Safeners include e.g. benoxacor, cloquintocet, cyometrinil, cyprosulfamide, dichlormid, dicyclonon, dietholate, fenchlorazole, fenclorim, flurazole, fluxofenim, furilazole, isoxadifen, mefenpyr, mephenate, naphthalic anhydride, 2,2,5-trimethyl-3- (dichloracetyl)-i ,3-oxazolidine, 4-(dichloroacetyl)-1-oxa-4-azaspiro[4.5]decane and oxabetrinil, as well as thereof agriculturally acceptable salts and, provided they have a carboxyl group, their agriculturally acceptable derivatives. 2,2,5-Trimethyl-3- (dichloroacetyl)-i ,3-oxazolidine [CAS No. 52836-31-4] is also known under the name R-29148. 4-(Dichloroacetyl)-1-oxa-4- azaspiro[4.5]decane [CAS No. 71526-07-03] is also known under the names AD-67 and MON 4660.

As a safener, the compositions according to the invention particularly preferably comprise at least one of the compounds selected from the group of benoxacor, cloquintocet, cyprosulfamide, dichlormid, fenchlorazole, fenclorim, fluxofenim, furilazole, isoxadifen, mefenpyr, naphthalic anhydride, 2,2,5-trimethyl-3-(dichloroacetyl)-1 ,3- oxazolidine, and 4-(dichloroacetyl)-1-oxa-4-azaspiro[4.5]decane and oxabetrinil; and the agriculturally acceptable salt thereof and, in the case of compounds having a COOH group, an agriculturally acceptable derivative as defined below.

A preferred embodiment of the invention relates to compositions which contain no safener or virtually no safener (i.e. less than 1 % by weight, based on the total amount of herbicide A and the at least one herbicide B is applied).

The compositions of the invention may also comprise, as a component d), one or more herbicides D) which are different from the herbicides A and B. Such further herbicides D may broaden the activity spectrum of the inventive compositions. However, further herbicides D are generally not required. Therefore, a preferred embodiment of the invention relates to compositions which contain no further herbicide D or virtually no further herbicide D (i.e. less than 1 % by weight, based on the total amount of herbicide A and herbicide B). In particular, the compositions of the present invention consist of the herbicide A and the at least one herbicide B, i.e. they neither contain a safener nor a further herbicide D.

If the compounds of herbicide compounds mentioned as herbicides B, herbicides D and safeners (see below) have functional groups, which can be ionized, they can also be used in the form of their agriculturally acceptable salts. In general, the salts of those cations are suitable whose cations have no adverse effect on the action of the active compounds ("agricultural acceptable").

In general, the salts of those cations are suitable whose cations have no adverse effect on the action of the active compounds ("agricultural acceptable"). Preferred cations are the ions of the alkali metals, preferably of lithium, sodium and potassium, of the alkaline earth metals, preferably of calcium and magnesium, and of the transition metals, pref- erably of manganese, copper, zinc and iron, furthermore ammonium and substituted ammonium (hereinafter also termed as organoammonium) in which one to four hydrogen atoms are replaced by Ci-C4-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci-C4-alkyl, Ci-C4-alkoxy-Ci-C4-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci-C4-alkoxy-Ci-C4-alkyl, phenyl or benzyl, preferably ammonium, methylam- monium, isopropylammonium, dimethylammonium, diisopropylammonium, trimethyl- ammonium, tetramethylammonium, tetraethylammonium, tetrabutylammonium, pen- tylammonium, hexylammonium, heptylammonium, 2-hydroxyethylammonium, 2-(2- hydroxyethoxy)eth-1-ylammonium (diglycolamine salts), di(2-hydroxyeth-1- yl)ammonium (diolamine salts), tris((2-hydroxyeth-1-yl)ammonium (trolamine salts), tris(3-propanol)amonium, benzyltrimethylammonium, benzyltriethylammonium, fur- thermore phosphonium ions, sulfonium ions, preferably tri(Ci-C4-alkyl)sulfonium such as trimethylsulfonium, and sulfoxonium ions, preferably tri(Ci-C4-alkyl)sulfoxonium.

In the compositions according to the invention, the compounds that carry a carboxyl group can also be employed in the form of agriculturally acceptable derivatives, for example as amides such as mono- or di-Ci-Cβ-alkylamides or arylamides, as esters, for example as allyl esters, propargyl esters, Ci-Cio-alkyl esters or alkoxyalkyl esters, and also as thioesters, for example as Ci-Cio-alkyl thioesters. Preferred mono- and di- Ci-C6-alkylamides are the methyl- and the dimethylamides. Preferred arylamides are, for example, the anilidines and the 2-chloroanilides. Preferred alkyl esters are, for ex- ample, the methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, pentyl, mexyl (1-methylhexyl) or isooctyl (2-ethylhexyl) esters. Preferred Ci-C4-alkoxy-Ci-C4-alkyl esters are the straight-chain or branched Ci-C4-alkoxyethyl esters, for example the methoxyethyl, ethoxyethyl or butoxyethyl esters. An example of the straight-chain or branched Ci-Cio- alkyl thioesters is the ethyl thioester. Preferred derivatives are the esters. The compositions of the present invention are suitable for controlling a large number of harmful plants, including monocotyledonous weeds, in particular annual weeds such as gramineous weeds (grasses) including Echinochloa species such as barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crusgalli var. crus-galli), Digitaria species such as crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis), Setaria species such as green foxtail (Setaria viridis) and giant foxtail (Se- taria faberii), Sorghum species such as johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense Pers.), Avena species such as wild oats (Avena fatua), Cenchrus species such as Cenchrus echinatus, Bromus species, Lolium species, Phalaris species, Eriochloa species, Pani- cum species, Brachiaria species, annual bluegrass (Poa annua), blackgrass (Alopecu- rus myosuroides), Aegilops cylindrica, Agropyron repens, Apera spica-venti, Eleusine indica, Cynodon dactylon and the like.

The compositions of the present invention are also suitable for controlling a large number of dicotyledonous weeds, in particular broad leaf weeds including Polygonum spe- cies such as wild buckwheat (Polygonum convolvolus), Amaranthus species such as pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus), Chenopodium species such as common lambsquar- ters (Chenopodium album L.), Sida species such as prickly sida (Sida spinosa L.), Ambrosia species such as common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia), Acanthospermum species, Anthemis species, Atriplex species, Cirsium species, Convolvulus species, Conyza species, Cassia species, Commelina species, Datura species, Euphorbia species, Geranium species, Galinsoga species, morningglory (Ipomoea species), Lamium species, Malva species, Matricaria species, Sysimbrium species, Solanum species, Xanthium species, Veronica species, Viola species, common chickweed (Stellaria media), velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti), Hemp sesbania (Sesbania exaltata Cory), Anoda cristata, Bidens pilosa, Brassica kaber, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Centaurea cyanus, Galeopsis tetrahit, Galium aparine, Helianthus annuus, Desmodium tortuosum, Kochia scoparia, Mercurialis annua, Myosotis arvensis, Papaver rhoeas, Raphanus raphanis- trum, Salsola kali, Sinapis arvensis, Sonchus arvensis, Thlaspi arvense, Tagetes minuta, Richardia brasiliensis, and the like.

The compositions of the present invention are also suitable for controlling a large number of annual and perennial sedge weeds including cyperus species such as purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.), yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.), hime-kugu (Cyperus brevifolius H.), sedge weed (Cyperus microiria Steud), rice flatsedge (Cype- rus iria L.), and the like.

The compositions according to the present invention are suitable for combating/controlling common harmful plants in useful plants (i.e. in crops). The compositions of the present invention are generally suitable for combating/controlling undesired vegetation in grain crops, including e.g. cereals (small grain cereals), such as wheat (Triticum aestivum) and wheat like crops such as durum (T. durum), einkorn (T. monococcum), emmer (T. dicoccon) and spelt (T. spelta), rye (Secale cereale), triticale (Tritiosecale), barley (Hordeum vulgare); - maize (corn; Zea mays); sorghum (e.g. Sorghum bicolouή; rice (Oryza spp. such as Oryza sativa and Oryza glaberrima); and sugar cane; legumes (Fabaceae), including e.g. soybeans (Glycine max.), peanuts (Arachis hypogaea and pulse crops such as peas including Pisum sativum, pigeon pea and cowpea, beans including broad beans (Vicia faba), Vigna spp., and Phaseo- lus spp. and lentils (lens culinaris var.); brassicaceae, including e.g. canola (Brassica napus), oilseed rape (Brassica napus), cabbage (β. oleracea var.), mustard such as B. juncea, B. campestris, B. narinosa, B. nigra and B. tournefortii; and turnip (Brassica rapa var.); other broadleaf crops including e.g. sunflower, cotton, flax, linseed, sugarbeet, potato and tomato;

TNV-crops (TNV: trees, nuts and vine) including e.g. grapes, citrus, pomefruit, e.g. apple and pear, coffee, pistachio and oilpalm, stonefruit, e.g. peach, almond, walnut, olive, cherry, plum and apricot; turf, pasture and rangeland; onion and garlic; bulb ornamentals such as tulips and narcissus; conifers and deciduous trees such as pinus, fir, oak, maple, dogwood, haw- thorne, crabapple, and rhamnus (buckthorn); and garden ornamentals such as roses, petunia, marigold and snapdragon.

The compositions of the present invention are in particular suitable for combating/controlling undesired vegetation in wheat, barley, rye, triticale, durum, rice, corn, sugarcane, sorghum, soybean, pulse crops such as pea, bean and lentils, peanut, sunflower, sugarbeet, potato, cotton, brassica crops, such as oilseed rape, canola, mustard, cabbage and turnip, turf, grapes, pomefruit, such as apple and pear, stonefruit, such as peach, almond, walnut, olive, cherry, plum and apricot, citrus, coffee, pistachio, garden ornamentals, such as roses, petunia, marigold and snap dragon, bulb ornamen- tals such as tulips and narcissus, conifers and deciduous trees such as pinus, fir, oak, maple, dogwood, hawthorne, crabapple and rhamnus.

The compositions of the present invention are most suitable for combating/controlling undesired vegetation in wheat, barley, rye, triticale, durum, rice, corn, sugarcane, sor- ghum, soybean, pulse crops such as pea, bean and lentils, peanut, sunflower, potato, cotton, brassica crops, such as oilseed rape, canola, mustard, cabbage and turnip, turf, grapes, stonefruit, such as peach, almond, walnut, olive, cherry, plum and apricot, citrus, pistachio, bulb ornamentals, conifers, deciduous trees, onion, garlic and sugarbeet.

The compositions of the invention are particularly suitable for application in wheat, barley, rye, durum, rice, sugarcane, soybean, pulse crops, peanut, sunflower, sugarbeet, potato, cotton, brassica crops, turf, onion, garlic, grapes, bulb ornamentals, conifers and deciduous trees.

If not stated otherwise, the compositions of the invention are suitable for application in any variety of the aforementioned crop plants.

The compositions according to the invention can also be used in crop plants which are resistant or tolerant to one or more herbicides owing to genetic engineering or breed- ing, which are resistant or tolerant to one or more pathogens such as plant pathogenous fungi owing to genetic engineering or breeding, or which are resistant or tolerant to attack by insects owing to genetic engineering or breeding. Suitable are for example crop plants, preferably corn, wheat, barley, sugarcane, cotton, sunflower, rice, canola, oilseed rape, soybeans or lentils which are resistant or tolerant to clomazone, aclo- nifen, or herbicidal ACC inhibitors such as, for example pinoxaden, clodinafop- propargyl, fenoxaprop-ethyl, cycolxydim sethoxydim, tepraloxydim and tralkoxydim, or non-ACC inhibitors, such as, for example tri-allate, or photosystem 1 inhibitors, such as, for example diquat and paraquat, or crop plants which, owing to introduction of the gene for Bt toxin by genetic modification, are resistant to attack by certain insects.

The compositions of the present invention can be applied in conventional manner by using techniques a skilled person is familiar with. Suitable techniques include spraying, atomizing, dusting, spreading or watering. The type of application depends on the intended purpose in a well known manner; in any case, the techniques should ensure the finest possible distribution of the active ingredients according to the invention.

The compositions can be applied pre- or post-emergence, i.e. before, during and/or after emergence of the undesirable plants. When the compositions are used in crops, they can be applied after seeding and before or after the emergence of the crop plants. The compositions invention can, however, also be applied prior to seeding of the crop plants.

It is a particular benefit of the compositions according to the invention that they have a very good post-emergence herbicide activity, i.e. they show a good herbicidal activity against emerged undesirable plants. Thus, in a preferred embodiment of invention, the compositions are applied post-emergence, i.e. during and/or after, the emergence of the undesirable plants. It is particularly advantageous to apply the mixtures according to the invention post-emergent when the undesirable plant starts with leaf development up to flowering. Since the composition show good crop tolerance, even when the crop has already emerged, they can be applied after seeding of the crop plants and in par- ticular during or after the emergence of the crop plants. The compositions can also be applied in a situation, where no crop is present yet at the time of application, e.g. prior to planting of the crop.

In any case herbicide A and the at least one herbicide B and the optional further ac- tives (safener C and herbicide D) can be applied simultaneously or in succession.

The compositions are applied to the plants mainly by spraying, in particular foliar spraying. Application can be carried out by customary spraying techniques using, for example, water as carrier and spray liquor rates of from about 10 to 2000 I/ha or 50 to 1000 I/ha (for example from 100 to 500 I/ha). Application of the herbicidal compositions by the low-volume and the ultra-low-volume method is possible, as is their application in the form of microgranules.

If the active ingredients are less well tolerated by certain crop plants, application tech- niques may be used in which the herbicidal compositions are sprayed, with the aid of the spray apparatus, in such a way that they come into as little contact, if any, with the leaves of the sensitive crop plants while reaching the leaves of undesirable plants which grow underneath, or the bare soil (post-directed, lay-by).

In the case of a post-emergence treatment of the plants, the herbicidal mixtures or compositions according to the invention are preferably applied by foliar application. Application may be effected, for example, by usual spraying techniques with water as the carrier, using amounts of spray mixture of approx. 50 to 1000 I/ha.

The required application rate of the composition of the pure active compounds, i.e. of pyroxasulfone, herbicide B and optionally safener or herbicide D depends on the density of the undesired vegetation, on the development stage of the plants, on the climatic conditions of the location where the composition is used and on the application method. In general, the application rate of the composition (total amount of pyroxasul- fone, herbicide B and optional further actives) is from 15 to 5000 g/ha, preferably from 20 to 2500 g/ha of active substance.

The required application rates of pyroxasulfone are generally in the range from 1 g/ha to 500 g/ha and preferably in the range from 5 g/ha to 400 g/ha or from 10 g/ha to 300 g/ha of active substance. The required application rates of the herbicide B (total amount of herbicide B) are generally in the range from 1 g/ha to 5000 g/ha and preferably in the range from 5 g/ha to 3000 g/ha or from 10 g/ha to 2000 g/ha of active substance.

The required application rates of the safener, if applied, are generally in the range from 1 g/ha to 5000 g/ha and preferably in the range from 2 g/ha to 5000 g/ha or from 5 g/ha to 5000 g/ha of active substance. Preferably no safener or virtually no safener is applied and thus the application rates are below 5 g/ha, in particular below 2 g/ha or below 1 g/ha.

The required application rates of the herbicide D, if applied, are generally in the range from 1 g/ha to 5000 g/ha and preferably in the range from 5 g/ha to 4000 g/ha or from 10 g/ha to 3000 g/ha of active substance.

According to a first embodiment of the invention, the component b) comprises at least one herbicide B selected from the group of lipid biosynthesis inhibitors (LBI herbicides, group b.1 ), which includes ACC herbicides and non-ACC herbicides. ACC herbicides are known e.g. from J. Wenger and T. Niderman "Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Inhibitors" Vol. 1 , Wiley-VHC 2007, pp 335-357. LBI herbicides are known e.g. from C. D. S. Tomlin, "The Pesticide Manual", 13th Edition, BCPC (2003), and also from The Compendium of Pesticide Common Names, http://www.alanwood.net/pesticides/.

In preferred compositions of this embodiment the herbicide B comprises at least one ACC herbicide that is selected from aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides.

Aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides include chlorazifop, clodinafop, clofop, cyhalofop, diclofop, fenoxaprop, fenthiaprop, fluazifop, haloxyfop, isoxapyrifop, metamifop, propaquizafop, quizalofop, and trifop and their salts, in particular their sodium salts, potassium salts, ammonium salts or substituted ammonium salts as defined above, in particular mono-, di- and tri-d-Cs-alkylammonium salts such as methylam- monium, dimethylammonium and isopropylammonium, mono-, di- and tri-hydroxy-C2- Cs-alkylammonium salts such as hydroxyethylammonium, di(hydroxylethyl)ammonium, tri(hydroxyethyl)ammonium, hydroxypropylammonium, di(hydroxypropyl)ammonium and tri(hydroxypropyl)ammonium salts and their esters, in particular their d-Cs-alkyl esters and Ci-C4-alkoxy-C2-C4-alkyl esters, such as methyl, ethyl, iso-propyl, butyl, hexyl, heptyl, iso-heptyl, isooctyl, 2-ethylhexyl, butoxyethyl, ethoxyethyl (etotyl) and tetrahydrofurfuryl (tefuryl) esters. Suitable examples of such esters are chlorazifop- propagyl, clodinafop-propagyl, clofop-isobutyl, cyhalofop-butyl, diclofop-methyl, fenoxaprop-ethyl, fenthiaprop-ethyl, fluazifop-butyl, fluazifop-methyl, haloxyfop-etotyl, haloxyfop-methyl, quizalofop-ethyl, and trif lop-methyl. The aryloxyphenoxy-propionates may be present in the form of their racemate or in the form of the pure R-or S-enantiomers (including salts and esters as defined above). Preferred enantiomerically pure aryloxyphenoxy-propionates are the R-enantiomers, for which suitable examples are fenoxaprop-P, fluazifop-P, haloxyfop-P, quizalofop-P, fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, fluazifop-P-butyl, haloxyfop-P-etotyl, haloxyfop-P-methyl, quizalofop-P-ethyl, and quizalofop-P-tefuryl.

In particularly preferred compositions of this embodiment, the herbicide B comprises or in particular is clodinafop-propagyl.

In a further particularly preferred compositions of this embodiment, the herbicide B comprises or in particular is fenoxaprop-ethyl, fenoxaprop-P-ethyl or a mixture thereof.

In a further particularly preferred compositions of this embodiment, the herbicide B comprises or in particular is the ACC herbicide pinoxaden.

In further preferred compositions of this embodiment the herbicide B comprises at least one ACC herbicide that is selected from cyclohexene oxime herbicides.

Cyclohexene oxime herbicides include alloxydim, butroxydim, clethodim, cloproxydim, cycloxydim, profoxydim, sethoxydim, tepraloxydim and tralkoxydim and their salts, in particular their sodium salt, potassium salt, ammonium salt or substituted ammonium salts as defined above, in particular mono-, di- and tri-d-Cs-alkylammonium salts such as methylammonium, dimethylammonium and isopropylammonium, mono-, di- and tri- hydroxy-C2-C8-alkylammonium salts such as hydroxyethylammonium, di(hydroxyl- ethyl)ammonium, tri(hydroxyethyl)ammonium, hydroxypropylammonium, di(hydroxypropyl)ammonium and tri(hydroxypropyl)ammonium salts. A suitable example of such salts is alloxydim-sodium. Also included herein are the stereo isomers of the aforementioned cyclohexene oxime herbicides, in particular the R- and S- enantiomers and the respective racemates.

Preferred cyclohexene oxime herbicides include clethodim, cycloxydim, profoxydim, sethoxydim, tepraloxydim and tralkoxydim, including their aforementioned salts and stereo isomers.

In particularly preferred compositions of this embodiment, the herbicide B comprises or in particular is cycloxydim.

In a further particularly preferred compositions of this embodiment, the herbicide B comprises or in particular is sethoxydim. In a further particularly preferred compositions of this embodiment, the herbicide B comprises or in particular is tepraloxydim.

In a further particularly preferred compositions of this embodiment, the herbicide B comprises or in particular is tralkoxydim.

LBI herbicides b.1 also include the group of non-ACC herbicides, which comprise etho- fumesate, including its R- and S-enantiomers and respective racemate, prosulfocarb and tri-allate.

In a particularly preferred compositions of this embodiment, the herbicide B comprises or in particular is tri-allate.

In this embodiment the relative weight ratio of pyroxasulfone and a LBI herbicide that is an ACC herbicide is preferably from 100:1 to 1 :100, in particular from 50:1 to 1 :50.

In this embodiment the relative weight ratio of pyroxasulfone and a LBI herbicide that is a non-ACC herbicide is preferably from 500:1 to 1 :500, in particular from 250:1 to 1 :250.

The rate of application of pyroxasulfone is usually from 1 g/ha to 500 g/ha and preferably in the range from 5 g/ha to 400 g/ha or from 10 g/ha to 300 g/ha of active substance (a.s.).

The rate of application of the ACC herbicides is usually 0.1 to 1000 g/ha, as a rule 1 to 750 g/ha, preferably 2 to 500 g/ha, whereas the rate of application of the non-ACC herbicides is usually 1 to 8000 g/ha, as a rule 5 to 6000 g/ha, preferably 10 to 5000 g/ha, of active substance (a.s.).

The compositions of this embodiment comprising ACC herbicides are particularly suitable for controlling mono- and dicotyledonous weeds and sedge weeds, in particular Alopecurus myosuroides, Apera spica-venti, Avena fatua, Brachiaria spec, Bromus spec, Cenchrus spec, Cynodon dactylon, Digitaria spec, Echinochloa spec, Eleusine indica, Eriochloa spec, Lolium spec, Panicum spec, Phalaris spec, Poa annua, red rice, Setaria spec, Sorghum spec, Abutilon theoprasti, Amaranthus spec, Brassica kaber, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Chenopodium spec, Conyza spec, Geranium spec, Kochia scoparia, Raphanus raphanistrum, Sinapis arvensis, Solanum spec, Sysim- brium spec, Thlaspi arvense and Commelina spec.

The compositions of this embodiment comprising non-ACC herbicides are particularly suitable for controlling mono- and dicotyledonous weeds and sedge weeds, in particu- lar Alopecurus myosuroides, Apera spica-venti, Avena fatua, Brachiaria spec, Bromus spec, Cenchrus spec, Digitaria spec, Echinochloa spec, Eleusine indica, Lolium spec, Panicum spec, Phalaris spec, Poa annua, red rice, Setaria spec, Amaranthus spec, Chenopodium spec, Convolvulus spec, Conyza spec, Euphorbia spec, Galium aparine, Kochia scoparia, Lamium spec, Polygonum spec, Raphanus raphanistrum, Stellaria media, Veronica spec, and Commelina spec.

The compositions of this embodiment comprising ACC herbicides are in particular suitable for combating undesired vegetation in wheat, barley, rye, triticale, durum, rice, corn, sugarcane, sorghum, soybean, pulse crops such as pea, bean and lentils, peanut, sunflower, sugarbeet, potato, cotton, brassica crops, such as oilseed rape, canola, mustard, cabbage and turnip, turf, grapes, stonefruit, such as peach, almond, walnut, olive, cherry, plum and apricot, citrus, flax, linseed, bulb ornamentals, conifers, deciduous trees, onion, garlic and pistachio.

The compositions of this embodiment comprising non-ACC herbicides are in particular suitable for combating undesired vegetation in wheat, barley, rye, triticale, durum, rice, corn, sorghum, soybean, pulse crops such as pea, bean and lentils, peanut, sunflower, sugarbeet, potato, oilseed rape, turf, pasture, onion, conifers, deciduous trees and cot- ton.

The compositions of this embodiment comprising ACC herbicides are most suitable for application in wheat, barley, rye, rice, sugarcane, soybean, pulse crops, peanut, sunflower, sugarbeet, potato, brassica crops, bulb ornamentals, onion, garlic and cotton.

The compositions of this embodiment comprising non-ACC herbicides are most suitable for application in wheat, barley, rye, corn, soybean, pulse crops, sunflower, sugarbeet, cotton, oilseed rape, conifers and deciduous trees.

If not stated otherwise, the compositions of this embodiment are suitable for application in any variety of the aforementioned crop plants.

The compositions of this embodiment can preferably be used in crops which are tolerant and/or resistant to the action of LBI herbicides, preferably in crops which are toler- ant and/or resistant to the action of ACC or non-ACC herbicides. The resistance and or tolerance to said herbicides may be achieved by conventional breeding and/or by genetic engineering methods. Crops which are tolerant to LBI herbicides (e.g. tolerant to ACC or non-ACC herbicides) are known for example from corn.

According to a second embodiment of the invention, the component b) comprises at least one herbicide B that is an inhibitor of the photosystem I (PSI). PSI herbicides (group b.2) are known e.g. from C. D. S. Tomlin, "The Pesticide Manual", 13th Edition, BCPC (2003), and also from The Compendium of Pesticide Common Names, http://www.alanwood.net/pesticides/.

PSI herbicides b.2 include bipyridylium herbicides, which comprise diethamquat, diquat, morfamquat and paraquat, including their salts, in particular their chloride salts, bromide salts, iodide salts, sulfate salts, nitrate salts, carbonate salts, alkanoate salts such as formiates and acetates, alkylsulfate salts, such as methylsulfates (metilsul- fates) and the like. Suitable examples of such salts are diethamquat dichloride, diquat dibromide, morfamquat dichloride, paraquat dichloride and paraquat dimetilsulfate.

Preferred PSI herbicides include the bipyridylium herbicides paraquat and diquat including their aforementioned salts.

In this embodiment the relative weight ratio of pyroxasulfone and PSI herbicides is preferably from 250:1 to 1 :250, in particular from 100:1 to 1 :100.

The rate of application of the PSI herbicide is usually 1 to 2000 g/ha, as a rule 5 to 1500 g/ha, preferably 10 to 1000 g/ha, of active substance (a.s.).

The compositions of this embodiment are particularly suitable for controlling mono- and dicotyledonous weeds and sedge weeds, in particular Alopecurus myosuroides, Apera spica-venti, Avena fatua, Brachiaria spec, Bromus spec, Digitaria spec, Echinochloa spec, Eleusine indica, Lolium spec, Phalaris spec, Poa annua, Setaria spec, Abuti- lom theoprasti, Amaranthus spec, Ambrosia spec, Brassica kaber, Capsella bursa- pastoris, Cassia spec, Centaurea cyanus, Chenopodium spec, Convolvulus spec, Conyza spec, Euphorbia spec, Galium aparine, Geranium spec, lpomoea spec, Ko- chia scoparia, Malva spec, Matricaria spec, Papaver rhoeas, Polygonum spec, Rap- hanus raphanistrum, Sida spec, Sinapis arvensis, Solanum spec, Stellaria media, Sysimbrium spec, Thlaspi arvense, Veronica spec, Viola spec, Xanthium spec, Com- melina spec, and Cyperus spec.

The compositions of this embodiment are in particular suitable for combating undesired vegetation in sugarcane, grapes, stonefruit, such as peach, almond, walnut, olive, cherry, plum and apricot, citrus, pomefruit, coffee, oilpalm, conifers, deciduous trees and pistachio. The compositions of this embodiment are most suitable for application in sugarcane, grapes, stonefruit, citrus, pistachio, coffee and oilpalm.

The compositions of this embodiment can preferably be used in crops which are tolerant and/or resistant to the action of PSI herbicides, preferably in crops which are tolerant and/or resistant to the action of bipyridylium herbicides. The resistance and or tol- erance to said herbicides may be achieved by conventional breeding and/or by genetic engineering methods.

The compositions of this embodiment can also be applied in a situation, where no crop is present yet at the time of application, e.g. prior to planting of the crop.

According to a third embodiment of the invention, the component b) comprises at least one bleacher herbicide selected from the group comprising clomazone and aclonifen (group b.3). Bleacher herbicides of group b.3 are known e.g. from C. D. S. Tomlin, "The Pesticide Manual", 13th Edition, BCPC (2003) and The Compendium of Pesticide Common Names, http://www.alanwood.net/pesticides/.

In preferred compositions of this embodiment, the herbicide B comprises or in particular is clomazone or aclonifen.

In a particularly preferred compositions of this embodiment, the herbicide B comprises or in particular is clomazone.

In this embodiment the relative weight ratio of pyroxasulfone and bleacher herbicide is preferably from 250:1 to 1 :250, in particular from 100:1 to 1 :100.

The rate of application of the bleacher herbicide is usually 1 to 2000 g/ha, as a rule 5 to 1500 g/ha, preferably 10 to 1000 g/ha, of active substance (a.s.).

The compositions of this embodiment are particularly suitable for controlling mono- and dicotyledonous weeds and sedge weeds, in particular Alopecurus myosuroides, Apera spica-venti, Avena fatua, Brachiaria spec, Bromus spec, Digitaria spec, Echinochloa spec, Eleusine indica, Lolium spec, Phalaris spec, Poa annua, Setaria spec, Ama- ranthus spec, Brassica kaber, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Chenopodium spec, Conyza spec, Galium aparine, Geranium spec, lpomoea spec, Malva spec, Matricaria spec, Raphanus raphanistrum, Sinapis arvensis, Solarium spec, Stellaria media, Sysimbrium spec, Thlaspi arvense, Veronica spec, Viola spec, and Commelina spec.

The compositions of this embodiment are in particular suitable for combating undesired vegetation in wheat, barley, rye, triticale, durum, rice, corn, sugarcane, sorghum, soybean, pulse crops such as pea, bean and lentils, peanut, sunflower, sugarbeet, potato, cotton, brassica crops, such as oilseed rape, canola, mustard, cabbage and turnip, turf, grapes, stonefruit, such as peach, almond, walnut, olive, cherry, plum and apricot, citrus and pistachio.

The compositions of this embodiment are most suitable for application in rice, sugarcane, soybean, pulse crops, sunflower, potato, cotton, brassica crops and corn.

The compositions of this embodiment can preferably be used in crops which are toler- ant and/or resistant to the action of bleacher herbicides, preferably in crops which are tolerant and/or resistant to the action of clomazone or aclonifen. The resistance and or tolerance to said herbicides may be achieved by conventional breeding and/or by genetic engineering methods.

The present invention also relates to formulations of the compositions according to the present invention. The formulations contain, besides the composition, at least one organic or inorganic carrier material. The formulations may also contain, if desired, one or more surfactants and, if desired, one or more further auxiliaries customary for crop protection compositions.

The formulation may be in the form of a single package formulation containing both the herbicide A and the at least one herbicide B together with liquid and/or solid carrier materials, and, if desired, one or more surfactants and, if desired, one or more further auxiliaries customary for crop protection compositions. The formulation may be in the form of a two package formulation, wherein one package contains a formulation of py- roxasulfone while the other package contains a formulation of the at least one herbicide B and wherein both formulations contain at least one carrier material, if desired, one or more surfactants and, if desired, one or more further auxiliaries customary for crop protection compositions. In the case of two package formulations the formulation contain- ing pyroxasulfone and the formulation containing the herbicide B are mixed prior to application. Preferably the mixing is performed as a tank mix, i.e. the formulations are mixed immediately prior or upon dilution with water. If the composition comprises one or more further actives such as a safener C and/or a herbicide D, the composition may also be in the form of a three or four package formulation.

In the formulation of the present invention the active ingredients, i.e. pyroxasulfone, herbicide B and optional further actives are present in suspended, emulsified or dissolved form. The formulation according to the invention can be in the form of aqueous solutions, powders, suspensions, also highly-concentrated aqueous, oily or other suspensions or dispersions, aqueous emulsions, aqueous microemulsions, aqueous suspo-emulsions, oil dispersions, pastes, dusts, materials for spreading or granules.

Depending on the formulation type, they comprise one or more liquid or solid carriers, if appropriate surfactants (such as dispersants, protective colloids, emulsifiers, wetting agents and tackifiers), and if appropriate further auxiliaries which are customary for formulating crop protection products. The person skilled in the art is sufficiently familiar with the recipes for such formulations. Further auxiliaries include e.g. organic and inorganic thickeners, bactericides, antifreeze agents, antifoams, colorants and, for seed formulations, adhesives.

Suitable carriers include liquid and solid carriers. Liquid carriers include e.g. nonaqueous solvents such as cyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. paraffins, tetrahy- dronaphthalene, alkylated naphthalenes and their derivatives, alkylated benzenes and their derivatives, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol and cyclohex- anol, ketones such as cyclohexanone, strongly polar solvents, e.g. amines such as N- methylpyrrolidone, and water as well as mixtures thereof. Solid carriers include e.g. mineral earths such as silicas, silica gels, silicates, talc, kaolin, limestone, lime, chalk, bole, loess, clay, dolomite, diatomaceous earth, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium oxide, ground synthetic materials, fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, ureas, and products of vegetable origin such as cereal meal, tree bark meal, wood meal and nutshell meal, cellulose powders, or other solid carriers.

Suitable surfactants (adjuvants, wetting agents, tackifiers, dispersants and also emulsifiers) are the alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts and ammonium salts of aromatic sulfonic acids, for example lignosulfonic acids (e.g. Borrespers-types, Borregaard), phenolsulfonic acids, naphthalenesulfonic acids (Morwet types, Akzo Nobel) and dibutylnaphthalenesulfonic acid (Nekal types, BASF SE), and of fatty acids, alkyl- and alkylarylsulfonates, alkyl sulfates, lauryl ether sulfates and fatty alcohol sulfates, and salts of sulfated hexa-, hepta- and octadecanols, and also of fatty alcohol glycol ethers, condensates of sulfonated naphthalene and its derivatives with formaldehyde, condensates of naphthalene or of the naphthalenesulfonic acids with phenol and formaldehyde, polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether, ethoxylated isooctyl-, octyl- or nonylphenol, alkylphenyl or tributylphenyl polyglycol ether, alkylaryl polyether alcohols, isotridecyl alcohol, fatty alcohol/ethylene oxide condensates, ethoxylated castor oil, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers or polyoxypropylene alkyl ethers, lauryl alcohol polyglycol ether acetate, sorbitol esters, lignosulfite waste liquors and proteins, denaturated proteins, polysaccharides (e.g. methylcellulose), hydrophobically modified starches, polyvinyl alcohol (Mowiol types Clariant), polycarboxylates (BASFSE, Sokalan types), polyalkoxylates, polyvinylamine (BASFSE, Lupamine types), polyethyleneimine (BASFSE, Lupasol types), polyvinylpyrrolidone and copolymers thereof.

Examples of thickeners (i.e. compounds which impart to the formulation modified flow properties, i.e. high viscosity in the state of rest and low viscosity in motion) are polysaccharides, such as xanthan gum (Kelzan^® from Kelco), Rhodopol^® 23 (Rhone Poulenc) or Veegum^® (from R.T. Vanderbilt), and also organic and inorganic sheet minerals, such as Attaclay^® (from Engelhardt).

Examples of antifoams are silicone emulsions (such as, for example, Silikon^® SRE, Wacker or Rhodorsil^® from Rhodia), long-chain alcohols, fatty acids, salts of fatty acids, organofluorine compounds and mixtures thereof.

Bactericides can be added for stabilizing the aqueous herbicidal formulations. Examples of bactericides are bactericides based on diclorophen and benzyl alcohol hemiformal (Proxel^® from ICI or Acticide^® RS from Thor Chemie and Kathon^® MK from Rohm & Haas), and also isothiazolinone derivates, such as alkylisothiazolinones and benzisothiazolinones (Acticide MBS from Thor Chemie).

Examples of antifreeze agents are ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, urea or glycerol.

Examples of colorants are both sparingly water-soluble pigments and water-soluble dyes. Examples which may be mentioned are the dyes known under the names Rhodamin B, C.I. Pigment Red 112 and C.I. Solvent Red 1 , and also pigment blue 15:4, pigment blue 15:3, pigment blue 15:2, pigment blue 15:1 , pigment blue 80, pigment yellow 1 , pigment yellow 13, pigment red 1 12, pigment red 48:2, pigment red 48:1 , pigment red 57:1 , pigment red 53:1 , pigment orange 43, pigment orange 34, pigment orange 5, pigment green 36, pigment green 7, pigment white 6, pigment brown 25, basic violet 10, basic violet 49, acid red 51 , acid red 52, acid red 14, acid blue 9, acid yellow 23, basic red 10, basic red 108.

Examples of adhesives are polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol and tylose. To prepare emulsions, pastes or oil dispersions, the active the components, as such or dissolved in an oil or solvent, can be homogenized in water by means of wetting agent, tackifier, dispersant or emulsifier. Alternatively, it is possible to prepare concentrates consisting of active substance, wetting agent, tackifier, dispersant or emulsifier and, if desired, solvent or oil, and these concentrates are suitable for dilution with water.

Powders, materials for spreading and dusts can be prepared by mixing or concomitant grinding of the active components a) and b) and optionally safener c) and/or herbicide D with a solid carrier.

Granules, e.g. coated granules, impregnated granules and homogeneous granules, can be prepared by binding the active ingredients to solid carriers.

The formulations of the invention comprise a herbicidally effective amount of the composition of the present invention. The concentrations of the active ingredients in the formulations can be varied within wide ranges. In general, the formulations comprise from 1 to 98% by weight, preferably 10 to 60 % by weight, of active ingredients (sum of pyroxasulfone, herbicide B and optionally further actives). The active ingredients are employed in a purity of from 90% to 100%, preferably 95% to 100% (according to NMR spectrum).

The active compounds A and B and the optionally further actives as well as the compositions according to the invention can, for example, be formulated as follows:

1. Products for dilution with water

A Water-soluble concentrates

10 parts by weight of active compound (or composition) are dissolved in 90 parts by weight of water or a water-soluble solvent. As an alternative, wetters or other adjuvants are added. The active compound dissolves upon dilution with water. This gives a formulation with an active compound content of 10% by weight.

B Dispersible concentrates 20 parts by weight of active compound (or composition) are dissolved in 70 parts by weight of cyclohexanone with addition of 10 parts by weight of a dispersant, for example polyvinylpyrrolidone. Dilution with water gives a dispersion. The active compound content is 20% by weight.

C Emulsifiable concentrates

15 parts by weight of active compound (or composition) are dissolved in 75 parts by weight of an organic solvent (eg. alkylaromatics) with addition of calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and castor oil ethoxylate (in each case 5 parts by weight). Dilution with water gives an emulsion. The formulation has an active compound content of 15% by weight.

D Emulsions

25 parts by weight of active compound (or composition) are dissolved in 35 parts by weight of an organic solvent (eg. alkylaromatics) with addition of calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and castor oil ethoxylate (in each case 5 parts by weight). This mixture is introduced into 30 parts by weight of water by means of an emulsifier (Ultraturrax) and made into a homogeneous emulsion. Dilution with water gives an emulsion. The formulation has an active compound content of 25% by weight.

E Suspensions In an agitated ball mill, 20 parts by weight of active compound (or composition) are comminuted with addition of 10 parts by weight of dispersants and wetters and 70 parts by weight of water or an organic solvent to give a fine active compound suspension.

Dilution with water gives a stable suspension of the active compound. The active compound content in the formulation is 20% by weight.

F Water-dispersible granules and water-soluble granules

50 parts by weight of active compound (or composition) are ground finely with addition of 50 parts by weight of dispersants and wetters and made into water-dispersible or water-soluble granules by means of technical appliances (for example extrusion, spray tower, fluidized bed). Dilution with water gives a stable dispersion or solution of the active compound. The formulation has an active compound content of 50% by weight.

G Water-dispersible powders and water-soluble powders

75 parts by weight of active compound (or composition) are ground in a rotor-stator mill with addition of 25 parts by weight of dispersants, wetters and silica gel. Dilution with water gives a stable dispersion or solution of the active compound. The active compound content of the formulation is 75% by weight.

H Gel formulations In a ball mill, 20 parts by weight of active compound (or composition), 10 parts by weight of dispersant, 1 part by weight of gelling agent and 70 parts by weight of water or of an organic solvent are mixed to give a fine suspension. Dilution with water gives a stable suspension with active compound content of 20% by weight.

2. Products to be applied undiluted I Dusts

5 parts by weight of active compound (or composition) are ground finely and mixed intimately with 95 parts by weight of finely divided kaolin. This gives a dusting powder with an active compound content of 5% by weight.

J Granules (GR, FG, GG, MG)

0.5 parts by weight of active compound (or composition) are ground finely and associated with 99.5 parts by weight of carriers. Current methods here are extrusion, spray-drying or the fluidized bed. This gives granules to be applied undiluted with an active compound content of 0.5% by weight.

K ULV solutions (UL)

10 parts by weight of active compound (or composition) are dissolved in 90 parts by weight of an organic solvent, for example xylene. This gives a product to be applied undiluted with an active compound content of 10% by weight.

Aqueous use forms can be prepared from emulsion concentrates, suspensions, pastes, wettable powders or water-dispersible granules by adding water.

It may furthermore be beneficial to apply the compositions of the invention alone or in combination with other herbicides, or else in the form of a mixture with other crop protection agents, for example together with agents for controlling pests or phytopathogenic fungi or bacteria. Also of interest is the miscibility with mineral salt solutions, which are employed for treating nutritional and trace element deficiencies. Other additives such as non-phytotoxic oils and oil concentrates may also be added.

Use Examples

The effect of the herbicidal compositions according to the invention of herbicides A and B and, if appropriate, safener on the growth of undesirable plants compared to the her- bicidally active compounds alone was demonstrated by the following greenhouse experiments:

For the pre-emergence treatment, directly after sowing the active compounds, which had been suspended or emulsified in water, were applied by means of finely distributed nozzles. The containers were irrigated gently to promote germination and growth and subsequently covered with transparent plastic hoods until plant had rooted. This cover caused uniform germination of the tests plants, unless this was adversely affected by active compounds. For the post-emergence treatment, the test plants were first grown to a height of 3 to 20 cm, depending on the plant habit, and only then treated. Here, the herbicidal compositions were suspended or emulsified in water as distribution medium and sprayed using finely distributing nozzles.

The respective herbicides A and/or safener were formulated as 10% by weight strength emulsion concentrate and introduced to the spray liquor with the amount of solvent system used for applying the active compound. In the examples, the solvent used was water. Herbicide B and/or safener were used as commercially available formulations and introduced to the spray liquor with the amount of solvent system used for applying the active compound. In the examples, the solvent used was water.

The test period extended over 21 days. During this time, the plants were tended, and their response to the treatments with active compound was evaluated.

The evaluation for the damage caused by the chemical compositions was carried out using a scale from 0 to 100%, compared to the untreated control plants. Here, 0 means no damage and 100 means complete destruction of the plants.

The plants used in the greenhouse experiments belonged to the following species:

Scientific Name ΪCode jCommon Name jAbutilon theophrasti JABUTH ivelvetleaf jAgropyron repens ]AGRRE jquackgrass jAlopecurus myosuroides JALOMY jblackgrass jAmaranthus retroflexus ]AMARE jpig weed jAmbrosia artemisifolia JAMBEL jcommon ragweed jApera spica-venti ]APESV iwindgrass jAvena fatua iAVEFA jwild oat jBrachiaria plantaginea lBRAPL jalexandergrass jBromus inermis |BROIN jawnless brome iBromus sterilis JBROST jsterile brome

IBrassica napus spp. napus |BRSNW iwinter oilseed-rape iCapsella bursa-pastoris ICAPBP jsheperd's-purse jCenchrus echinatus ]CCHEC isandbur iChenopodium album JCHEAL pambsquarter jCommelina benghalensis ]COMBE itropical spiderwort jDigitaria sanguinalis JDIGSA parge crabgrass Echinochloa crus-galli lECHCG jbarnyardgrass

IEIeusine indica iELEIN igoosegrass jGalium aparine lGALAP jcleaver

IGIycine max |GLXMA isoybean jGossypium hirsutum JGOSHI jcotton jHelianthus annuus JHELAN isunflower

Nordeum vulgare ]HORVW jwinter barley lKochia scoparia ΪKCHSC ikochia jLamium purpureum JLAMPU jred deadnettle jLolium multiflorum JLOLMU ptalian ryegrass jMatricaria inermis iMATIN jscentless mayweed jMercurialis annua lMERAN jannual mercury

JOrysa sativa iORYSA I rice

Panicum dichotomiflorum JPANDI jfall panicum panicum milliaceum |PANMI jproso millet phalaris canadensis JPHACA jcanarygrass jlpomoea purpurea JPHBPU itall morningglory iPoa annua JPOAAN jannual bluegrass polygonum convolvulus ]POLCO iwild buckwheat

ISecale cereale |SECCW jwinter rye iSetaria faberii ΪSETFA lgiant foxtail

ISetaria italica iSETIT jfoxtail millet iSetaria lutescens ISETLU lyellow foxtail

ISetaria viridis iS ETVI jgreen foxtail

ISolanum nigrum ISOLNI jblack nightshade

ISorghum halepense |SORHA Ijohnsongrass

IStellaria media ISTEME jchickweed lThlaspi arvense JTHLAR ifield pennycress iTriticum aestivum JTRZAS jspring wheat lTriticum aestivum JTRZAW iwinter wheat

IVeronica persica JVERPE jfield speedwell lViola arvensis JVIOAR jfield pansy

IXanthium strumarium iXANST jcocklebur iZea mays lZEAMX jcorn

....k Colby's formula was applied to determine whether the composition showed synergistic action. The value E, which is to be expected if the activity of the individual compounds is just additive, was calculated using the method of S. R. Colby (1967) "Calculating synergistic and antagonistic responses of herbicide combinations", Weeds 15, p. 22 ff.

E = X + Y - (X-YAI 00)

where X = effect in percent using herbicide A at an application rate a;

Y = effect in percent using herbicide B at an application rate b;

E = expected effect (in %) of A + B at application rates a + b.

If the value observed in this manner is higher than the value E calculated according to Colby, a synergistic effect is present.

Claims

We claim:

1. A herbicidal composition comprising:

a) a herbicide A which is 3-[5-(difluoromethoxy)-1 -methyl-3-

(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-4-ylmethylsulfonyl]-4,5-dihydro-5,5-dimethyl-1 ,2- oxazole;

and

2. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the herbicide B comprises at least one inhibitor of lipid biosynthesis selected from the group of aryloxyphenoxy herbicides.

3. The composition as claimed in claim 2, wherein the herbicide B comprises at least one aryloxyphenoxy herbicide selected from the group consisting of clodina- fop, cyhalofop, diclofop, fenoxaprop, fluazifop, haloxyfop, metamifop, propaquiza- fop and quizalofop and the esters thereof.

4. The composition as claimed in claim 3, wherein the herbicide B comprises clodi- nafop-propargyl.

5. The composition as claimed in claim 3, wherein the herbicide compound B com- prises fenoxaprop-ethyl or fenoxaprop-P-ethyl or a mixture thereof.

6. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the herbicide compound B comprises at least one inhibitor of lipid biosynthesis which is pinoxaden.

7. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the herbicide B comprises at least one inhibitor of lipid biosynthesis selected from the group of cyclohexene oxim herbicides.

8. The composition as claimed in claim 7, wherein the herbicide B comprises at least one cyclohexene oxim herbicide selected from the group consisting of clethodim, cycloxydim, profoxydim, sethoxydim, tepraloxydim and tralkoxydim.

9. The composition as claimed in claim 8, wherein the herbicide B comprises cycloxydim.

10. The composition as claimed in claim 8, wherein the herbicide B comprises seth- oxydim.

1 1. The composition as claimed in claim 8, wherein the herbicide B comprises te- praloxydim.

12. The composition as claimed in claim 8, wherein the herbicide B comprises tralkoxydim.

13. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the herbicide B comprises at least one inhibitor of lipid biosynthesis selected from the group of ethofumesate, prosulfocarb and triallate.

14. The composition as claimed in claim 13, wherein the herbicide B comprises trial- late.

15. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the herbicide B comprises at least one inhibitor of photosystem I selected from the group of bipyridylium herbicides.

16. The composition as claimed in claim 15, wherein the herbicide B comprises a bipyridylium herbicide selected from the group consisting of paraquat and diquat salts.

17. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the herbicide compound B com- prises a bleacher herbicide selected from the group consisting of clomazone and aclonifen.

18. The composition as claimed in claim 17, wherein the herbicide B comprises clomazone.

19. The composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims, containing no safener.

20. The composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the relative amount of herbicide A to the at least one herbicide B is from 500:1 to 1 :500.

21. The use of a composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims for controlling undesirable vegetation.

22. The use as claimed in claim 21 for controlling undesirable vegetation in crop plants.

23. The use as claimed in claim 22, wherein the crops are selected from wheat, barley, rye, rice, corn, sugarcane, soybean, pulse crops, peanut, sunflower, cotton, sugarbeet, potato, brassica crops, turf, onion, garlic, grapes, bulb ornamentals, conifers and deciduous trees.

24. The use of a composition as claimed in any of claims 1 to 20 for controlling undesirable vegetation in crops of plants, where the crop plants are resistant to at least one herbicide of the groups b.1 , b.2 or b.3.

25. A method for controlling undesirable vegetation, which comprises allowing a composition as claimed in any of claims 1 to 20 to act on plants to be controlled or their habitat.

26. A method for controlling undesirable vegetation as claimed in claim 25, which comprises applying a composition as claimed in any of claims 1 to 20 before, during and/or after the emergence of the undesirable plants; the herbicides A and B being applied simultaneously or in succession.

27. An herbicide formulation comprising a composition as claimed in any of claims 1 to 20 and at least one solid or liquid carrier.