WO2009113898A1

WO2009113898A1 - Footwear for storing energy generated while walking, methods for moving, jumping or starting strike when running with said footwear

Info

Publication number: WO2009113898A1
Application number: PCT/RU2008/000118
Authority: WO
Inventors: Марк Рудольфович ШИРОКИХ
Original assignee: Sirokikh Mark Rydolfovich
Priority date: 2008-02-29
Filing date: 2008-02-29
Publication date: 2009-09-17
Also published as: KR101260286B1; MX2010009286A; KR20100122081A; WO2009113898A8; BRPI0820757A2

Abstract

The inventive energy storing footwear comprises a sole and a counter with elements for fixing a foot in the footwear and a leaf spring which is formed by the sole and counter, wherein the initial angle between the sole and counter, which are the spring arms, is greater than 90°. The method for moving with said footwear involves alternately bearing the feet on a support, simultaneously deforming the spring and moving the feet using energy generated by the released spring, wherein the primary landing is carried out on the forefoot and the spring is deformed during the subsequent lowering of the heel. The other method for moving with said footwear, where the initial angle of the spring is greater than 180° and the foot is not in contact with the support, involves in part deforming the spring to an angle less than 180° by the foot muscles, carrying out the primary landing on the forefoot and subsequently deforming the spring while lowering the heel. The method for carrying out a jumping or running burst, prior to pushing-off, involves carrying out several oscillation motions in order to in part compress and release the spring in such a way that jumping take-off is performed then the spring is compressed as much as possible.

Description

Shoes with the accumulation of energy created by movement, methods of moving, jumping or starting jerk when running in such shoes.

The invention relates to shoes for everyday use, to sports shoes, including shoes for running, jumping, ice-skating, skiing, biking, etc., to shoes used as a means of rehabilitation to restore the working capacity of the leg muscles. In addition, this invention relates to any method of moving a person that requires pushing the foot away from the supporting surface (walking, running, jumping, skating or skiing, cycling, etc.).

Regular shoes serve to protect a person's legs from external influences. In accordance with the purpose, it contains a sufficiently dense and durable sole and a top connected with it, ensuring the retention of shoes on the foot and protecting the foot if necessary from environmental influences. The back of the upper in most types of shoes is equipped with rigid inserts that form the backdrop. The form of execution of the sole and the top, depending on the purpose of the shoe, can be different (see Big Soviet Encyclopedia, hereinafter BES. Shoes. Http://slovari.vandex.ru/dict/bse/article/00054/16400.htm?text=% D0% BE% D0% Bl% Dl% 83% D0% B2% D 1% 8C).

These shoes do not have a significant effect on the way a person is moved. When walking, a person raises one leg, resting at that moment on the second, transfers the raised leg forward and lowers it onto the supporting surface (ground). The process then repeats (see TSB. Walking. Http://slovari.vandex.ru/dict/bse/article/00086/96200.htm?text=%Dl%85%D0%BE%D0% B4% D 1% 8C% D0% B 1% D0% B0V

One of the features of the method of moving a person compared to most other mammals is the nature of the contact of the leg with the supporting surface. When transferring weight to the other leg, a person first rests on the heel of the foot and then transfers the load to the entire foot. The disadvantage of this method of movement when walking is the waste of energy. The gravitational component at each step is completely lost. The organs of the body that have the ability to partially accumulate energy, such as the Achilles tendon and ankle joint, etc., are not working effectively enough.

Most animals move in a different way. The primary touch of the supporting surface (ground) is carried out by the forefoot (front) part of the leg (paw), that is, the ankle joint works to twist, the tendons stretch, accumulating energy, and then there is the release of energy and additional repulsion of the leg (paw), which next step or jump.

In humans, the primary resting on the fingers and metatarsus of the leg occurs only occasionally, for example, when running.

A large number of various devices are known for increasing the efficiency of a person’s movement, based on the accumulation of energy by an elastic element that is deformable when walking and when it is released when it returns to its original position.

Known shoes, mainly for sports, including a support device, made in the form of covering the shin of the boot and the auxiliary system of levers spring-loaded with helical coil springs, the main of which is mounted near the heel of the boot with the possibility of rotation and longitudinal displacement relative to this axis, and its main part comes out down relative to the sole of the boot (see patent RU N ° 2238125, priority 04/27/1998 GB).

When moving, the shoe user raises the leg and boot so that he and the protruding lever do not touch the ground, then when the boot moves down the main lever, first contacting the ground, rotates to overcome the action of the spring, the spiral coil spring is deformed, storing energy, which will facilitate further movement of the boot in the upward direction.

The disadvantage of this shoe and the method of movement in it is the significant design complexity and inconvenience of the method of movement, in particular, associated with the need to raise the shoe to a considerable height.

A similar principle was used when creating the design of the device according to the patent US N ° 6840893, priority 29.04.2002). This device is also based on the use of springs that deform when lowering the leg to the supporting surface, and returning energy when lifting the leg.

However, the design is also very bulky and unacceptable for use in everyday life. Known shoes in the form of a high boot, equipped with a device for enhancing the jumping ability, containing a support element that provides reliable fixation of the foot, and associated with it with the possibility of rotation covering the calf element, and the node rotation is located on the same axis with the ankle joint. Both elements are interconnected by a tension spring (see patent DE JCHs4038511, priority 03.12.1990).

The disadvantages of this technical solution are similar to other analogues: the complexity of the design, the inconvenience of operation, the inability to use in everyday life. The method of moving in such shoes requires considerable effort, special skills and a well-developed coordination system. As a prototype, shoes with a device for increasing jumping ability were selected. The prototype includes a support platform, made in the form of shoes, fixing the position of the foot, the back of which is connected by means of a vertical element with the fixing element of the device on the calf of the foot. The lower part of the support platform is pivotally connected to the lower part of the arcuate (bow-shaped) leaf spring by means of a lever. The upper part of the spring is rigidly connected to the fixing element of the device on the calf. The lower supporting part of the arcuate leaf spring is provided with a pad with a radial wear-resistant surface (see US patent N ° 6840893, priority July 17, 2003).

As a prototype for the claimed methods of movement, the method selected using the prototype shoes was selected (see US patent N ° 6840893, priority July 17, 2003). The movement of a person in this shoe with the device is carried out by alternately raising and lowering the user's legs. When lowering the legs, the arcuate spring bends, its lower end approaches the supporting platform. When lifting the leg, the spring is released and pushes the leg fixed in the device forward and upward.

The use of an arcuate spring made it possible to get away from coil springs, which increased the energy storage efficiency and the reliability of the device. However, the nature of the landing of the leg with the device not only did not change, but also became more pronounced: primary support on the back of the leg and rapid transfer of body weight to the entire foot.

As a prototype for the method of jumping or starting jerk when running, the same method was chosen as for the method of movement (see US patent N ° 6840893, priority July 17, 2003).

The jerk during a jump or at the start when running in shoes with energy storage is carried out by means of forced deformation of the spring and subsequent repulsion of the legs from the supporting surface using energy from releasing the spring.

The work of the ankle joint and the Achilles tendon does not affect the effectiveness of jumps. The deformation of the spring is carried out only due to the mass of a person.

In addition, the use of shoes with such a device is associated with the following disadvantages:

- significant complexity of the design of shoes equipped with the specified mechanism;

- the inability to use to increase the efficiency of the process of ordinary walking, the complexity of use in everyday life; - the process of movement requires lifting the legs to a considerable height;

- the process of movement requires considerable effort, special skills and good coordination of movement.

In addition, such shoes cannot be used for other types of movement, for example, for running on skates, skiing, etc. The objective of the present invention is to provide a simple, easy-to-use shoes for widespread use in everyday life, sports, medicine, etc., allowing efficient use both the mass of the user and his muscle energy to accumulate (accumulate) energy and transfer this energy to push the leg. In addition, the objective of the present invention is to provide a change in the nature of the user's movement due to primary landing, not on the heel of the foot, but on the toe, which allows more efficient use to determine the physical capabilities of a person, in particular, to ensure the effective functioning of the ankle joint and the Achilles tendon.

Another objective is to increase the efficiency of moving, jerking when jumping or starting jerk when running due to the preliminary compression of the springs by the force of the muscles.

Another objective is to expand the scope of shoes with energy storage, in particular the use of such shoes for running on skates, skis, when riding a bicycle, etc.

These problems are solved due to the fact that in shoes with the accumulation of energy created during its use, including interconnected sole and back with elements that fix the position of the legs in the shoe, as well as a leaf spring, according to the invention, the sole and back of the shoe form a leaf spring while the initial angle between the sole and back, which are the shoulders of the spring, more than 90 °. In shoes, the sole and back forming a spring are made of resilient polymeric material.

The initial angle between the shoulders of the spring is selected depending on its properties, as well as the purpose of the shoe and the physical capabilities of the user.

The cross section of the spring can be made constant or variable in length.

The elastic properties and stiffness of the spring can be constant or variable in length and width.

The spring may have sections with a C-shaped cross section for partial coverage of the legs. In the method of moving shoes with energy storage by alternately supporting the legs on the supporting surface while deforming the spring and moving the legs using energy from releasing the spring, according to the invention, the primary landing is performed on the forefoot of the foot, and the spring is deformed when the heel is subsequently lowered .

The deformation of the spring lead to full or partial support of the legs on the supporting surface. In the method of moving in shoes with energy storage and with an initial spring angle of more than 180 ° by alternately supporting the legs on the supporting surface while deforming the spring and moving the legs using energy from releasing the spring, according to the invention, in the absence of contact of the foot with the supporting surface, partial deformation of the spring to an angle of no more than 180 ° due to the muscles of the leg, primary landing is performed on the forefoot of the foot of the foot, and further deformation of the spring is carried out by and the subsequent lowering of the heel.

In the method of jerking when jumping or running in shoes with energy storage by forced deformation of the spring and subsequent repulsion of the legs from the supporting surface using muscle efforts and energy from releasing the spring, according to the invention, several oscillatory movements are made before repelling, with partial compression and subsequent relaxation of the spring, and repulsion for the jump is made at the moment of maximum compression of the spring.

Oscillatory movements are carried out with a gradual increase in frequency and amplitude.

Thus, the claimed invention is based on the use of body weight, as well as energy from the work of muscles to forcefully reduce the angle between the shoulders of a flat spring, which is the sole and back of the shoe, to an angle approaching 90 °, while the subsequent release of the spring pushes the user's foot forward and up.

Depending on the needs, the initial angle between the shoulders of the leaf spring may be different. When using such shoes with people who are conservative and not very physically strong, it is advisable to use a relatively small initial angle. For young people and trained people, the angle may be greater. Teenagers will love more extreme options with angles approaching 180 °. For training athletes, as well as for extreme movements, the starting angle can be greater than 180 °. But in this case, at the time of putting on the claimed shoe on the foot (before the foot rests on the supporting surface in the shoe), primary spring deformation is carried out due to the influence of muscle forces on it, and after this preliminary compression, the angle between the shoulders should be no more than 180 °. The value of the initial angle also depends on the characteristics of the spring: its elasticity and stiffness, that is, on the material from which the sole and back of the shoe are made, on the geometry of the spring, etc. The stiffer the spring, the smaller the angle can provide the desired effect. Depending on the person’s mass and muscle strength, it is possible to move with maximum deformation of the spring until it is fully supported on the foot, and with a lack of mass, it can partially move with the spring and partially rest on the foot. When using the inventive shoes, you can significantly increase the effectiveness of jumps and starting jerks when running. To do this, before jumping or jerking, you need to perform a rhythmic "roll-out" mainly in the vertical plane due to muscle tension, for example, periodic rhythmic bending and extension of the legs. Rocking can be carried out with a gradual increase in the frequency and amplitude of oscillations, and the beginning of the movement must be carried out with maximum compression of the spring. In this way, a resonance effect can be obtained.

The appearance of the claimed shoes is very unusual. Unlike ordinary shoes, the back is not initially perpendicular to the sole, the angle between them is variable and in the initial position can be significantly greater than 90 °. An additional condition is the requirement for reliable fixation of the foot in such shoes. Fixation can be provided by the form of execution of the upper shoe (high boot, boot), and can be ensured by the use of special fixing elements, such as straps in the lower leg and foot.

The shape of the shoe determines the nature of the movement in it. When separated from the support, the angle between the sole and the back increases due to the release of the spring. The direction of the foot approaches the direction of the lower leg. Therefore, the landing of the foot goes to the toe and only then does the foot sink to full or partial contact of the sole with the supporting surface. With full contact, the angle between the sole and back is close to the traditional 90 °. This allows you to more effectively use the physical capabilities of a person, in particular, to fully utilize his mass and ensure the effective operation of the ankle and Achilles tendon.

The specified implementation makes the shoes light, simple and convenient to use, allowing you to effectively use the mass of the user and the work of his muscles to accumulate (accumulate) energy and transfer this energy to repel legs. Such shoes can be used both in everyday life, and by different categories of users, and for sports. It can be used to develop the ankle joint after injuries, etc. A very important feature of the claimed shoes is that they can be used as shoes for running on skates or skis. In such shoes you can ride a bike. It is advisable to use such shoes wherever efforts are required from the foot.

Patent studies have shown that the claimed shoes and the method of movement meet the criteria of “new” and “inventive step)).

Shoes can be manufactured in an industrial or artisanal way, therefore, meets the criterion ((industrial applicability)).

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows the appearance of shoes worn on a person’s foot, at the time of initial contact of the support surface with the initial spring angle slightly more than 90 °; in FIG. 2 - the same position of the foot in the shoe, but with the initial angle of the spring significantly greater than 90 °; in Fig.3 - the position of the legs in shoes with the most deformed spring (angle less than 90 °), also rear view options; in FIG. 4 is a view of shoes with partial spring coverage of the lower part of the lower leg and part of the foot; in FIG. 5 - the appearance of shoes (without legs) at an angle of 180 °; on Fig 6 - the appearance of shoes (without legs) at an angle of more than 180 °.

The inventive shoes include a sole 1 and a back 2, forming a deformable leaf spring 3, as well as the associated upper 4 shoes. In shoes without the user's feet placed in it, the initial angle between the sole 1 and the back 2, which are essentially the shoulders of the said leaf spring 3, is always greater than 90 °, and this angle can even be more than 180 ° (see Fig. 6).

The design of the shoe provides, when interacting with the foot, a decrease in the angle between the sole 1 and the back 2 (shoulders of the leaf spring 3).

The spring 3 can be made of elastic polymeric materials. The form of the claimed shoe, depending on the purpose, may be different.

It can be warm winter shoes in the form of boots or boots, or it can be lightweight summer, for example, in the form of sandals or sneakers (not shown in the drawings). The top 4 may have the usual form for closed shoes, but it should provide the possibility of changing the angle between the sole 1 and the back 2 in a fairly wide range. To this end, it can be made of elastic material or may contain easily deformable inserts 5, for example, corrugated ones, in zones subject to tension and compression.

The top 4 of the shoe may be or include locking elements 6, providing reliable retention of the foot in the shoe. The fixing element 6 can be made in the form of covering the lower leg, ankle, or foot of a belt, tie, elastic tape, etc. (see Fig. 1, 2 and 3). The fixing elements 6 can also include an element that prevents the foot from moving beyond the sole 1. This can be a hard toe of the boot or a bent up plate on the sole 1 (see Figs. 1 and 2).

The initial angle between the shoulders of the spring: the sole 1 and the back 2 more than 90 °. The maximum possible angle can be up to 220 ° and even more (see Fig. 6), while shoes with an angle of more than 180 ° are advisable to use in sports or for training, since in this case, before the start of movement, you will have to apply certain muscle efforts for the primary pre-compression of the spring, in order to exclude a reverse angle, since otherwise the leg simply will not fit in the shoe. The same efforts are necessary for any separation of the leg from the supporting surface.

In addition, the use of such shoes (Fig. 6) is associated with a certain risk and therefore requires special skills.

The stiffness of the spring can be constant over the entire length, and can be variable, for example, the material of the spring can have different characteristics along the length.

The spring from the sole 1 and the back 2 may have the same cross-sectional length.

In other embodiments, the size and shape of the cross section along the length of the spring can be different, for example, to increase the stiffness of the spring in certain areas, the cross-sectional area can be increased.

Possible implementation of the spring with a partial coverage of the legs. In this case, the spring may have a C-shaped section in some zones (see Fig. 4).

Other spring designs are possible. The amount of spring stiffness can be selected depending on the purpose: a “soft” spring 3 for everyday shoes and a stiffer spring 3 for sports shoes.

It is advisable to provide the possibility of kink of the foot. This can be accomplished by making the “sole-back” spring with two bend zones: one in the heel of the shoe and the second in the zone of the toe end (not shown in the drawings).

When using stiff springs, it is necessary to provide for a bend under the heel, as shown in FIG. 5 and 6. The method of movement in the inventive shoes is as follows. A person chooses shoes with the most suitable characteristics of the spring (the angle between the sole 1 and the back 2, which are the shoulders of the spring and stiffness) and puts it on. The feet foot in a free state (not resting on the ground) is oriented in a direction approaching the direction of the lower leg. With shoes with an angle of 180 °, the direction of the foot in a free state (without support) coincides with the direction of the lower leg. With shoes with an angle of more than 180 °, the direction of the foot coincides with the direction of the lower leg due to the fact that even with the effort of the muscles, a person partially overcomes the action of the spring, bringing the angle closer to 180 ° (see Fig. 6).

Next, a person stands on a supporting surface (earth). At the same time, the spring “sole-back” in the shoe is deformed with the angle between the shoulders approaching 90 °. Then the person begins to move, lifting one leg, continuing to lean on the other leg. When lifting the leg, the spring is released with an increase in the angle between the shoulders of the spring between the sole 1 and the back 2 to the original, while pushing the leg forward and up. Further, this leg descends to the supporting surface. Since the spring 3 is maximally deployed, the leg does not touch the supporting surface with the heel, but with the toe, and only then the leg, overcoming the action of the spring, deforms (compresses) it to an angle tending to 90 ° (Fig. 3).

With a large mass, a person, when walking, leans on the entire surface of the foot. With a small mass of a person, its impact is not enough to fully compress the spring and it will move, relying only on part of the foot, for example, move “on tiptoe”.

When using shoes with an initial spring angle of more than 180 °, as already described above, the user is first in the process of shoeing due to stress muscles deforms the spring to an angle of approximately 180 ° and only then begins to move. At the same time, his muscles are constantly tensed in order to maintain the angle between the shoulders of the spring within the limits allowed by the physiological characteristics of the foot. Interesting opportunities are provided by such shoes for jumpers. They can prepare their body for the jump and complete it at the optimal moment, which will significantly increase the effectiveness of the jump. To do this, the user performs a preliminary “download”: partial compression and relaxation of the spring due to the influence of muscles, for example, by bending and unbending legs, with a gradual increase in the amplitude and frequency of oscillations. With maximum compression of the spring, he jumps. In this case, the occurrence and use of the resonance effect is possible.

The same actions can be carried out in preparation for running, especially when running for short distances. Rocking will provide a more powerful leap at the start. In the inventive shoes, you can sit, stand, walk at a slow or fast pace, run, jump. In addition, on the basis of the inventive shoes, it is possible to make shoes for skis, skates, etc.

The tests carried out confirmed that with the correct selection of the initial spring angle (the angle between the sole 1 and the back 2) and providing the possibility of deformation of the top 4, the claimed shoes are convenient for all categories of users, and the speed of movement increases significantly. At the same time, the efforts expended by the user to move with deformation of the spring practically do not differ from the efforts expended to move in ordinary shoes.

The above examples are not exhaustive and it is possible to use various configurations and modifications of the invention without deviating from its essence formulated in the proposed claims and defined by them.

Claims

Claim

1. Shoes with the accumulation of energy generated by its use, including interconnected sole and back with elements that fix the position of the legs in the shoes, as well as a leaf spring, characterized in that the sole and back of the shoe form a leaf spring, with the initial angle between sole and back, which are the shoulders of the spring, more than 90 °.

2. Shoes according to claim 1, characterized in that the sole and back forming a spring are made of an elastic polymer material.

3. Shoes according to claim 1, characterized in that the initial angle between the shoulders of the spring is selected depending on its properties, as well as the purpose of the shoe and the physical capabilities of the user.

4. Shoes according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross section of the spring is constant in length.

5. Shoes according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross section of the spring is made variable in length.

6. Shoes according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic properties and stiffness of the spring are constant in length and width.

7. Shoes according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic properties and stiffness of the spring are variable in length and width.

8. Shoes according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring has sections with a C-shaped cross section for partial coverage of the legs.

9. A method of moving in shoes with energy storage by alternately supporting the legs on the supporting surface while deforming the spring and moving the legs using energy from releasing the spring, characterized in that the primary landing is performed on the toe of the foot, and the spring is deformed by subsequent lowering heel part.

10. The method of moving in shoes with energy storage according to claim 9, characterized in that the deformation of the spring is carried out until the feet fully support the supporting surface.

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

11. The method of moving in shoes with energy storage according to claim 9, characterized in that the deformation of the spring leads to partial support of the legs on the supporting surface.

12. A method of moving in shoes with energy storage by alternately supporting the legs on the support surface while deforming the spring and moving the legs using energy from releasing the spring, characterized in that prior to the contact of the legs with the support surface, the spring is partially deformed by acting leg muscles, primary landing is performed on the toe of the foot, and the deformation of the spring is carried out with the subsequent lowering of the heel.

13. The method of jumping or starting jerk when running in shoes with energy accumulation by forced deformation of the spring and the subsequent repulsion of the legs from the supporting surface using muscle efforts and energy from releasing the spring, characterized in that before repulsion produce several oscillatory movements with partial compression and subsequent relaxation of the spring, and repulsion for the jump produced at the time of maximum compression of the spring.

14. A method of jumping or starting jerk when running in shoes with energy storage, characterized in that the oscillatory movements are carried out with a gradual increase in frequency and amplitude.

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)