WO2009112960A1 - Procédé de sciage de blocs de matériau pierreux au moyen d'un cadre à lames diamant et machine associée - Google Patents

Procédé de sciage de blocs de matériau pierreux au moyen d'un cadre à lames diamant et machine associée Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009112960A1
WO2009112960A1 PCT/IB2009/050640 IB2009050640W WO2009112960A1 WO 2009112960 A1 WO2009112960 A1 WO 2009112960A1 IB 2009050640 W IB2009050640 W IB 2009050640W WO 2009112960 A1 WO2009112960 A1 WO 2009112960A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
blade
movement
block
holder frame
cutting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2009/050640
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Luca Toncelli
Original Assignee
Luca Toncelli
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Luca Toncelli filed Critical Luca Toncelli
Publication of WO2009112960A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009112960A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • B28D1/02—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by sawing
    • B28D1/06—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by sawing with reciprocating saw-blades
    • B28D1/068—Components, e.g. guiding means, vibrations damping means, frames, driving means, suspension
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • B28D1/02—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by sawing
    • B28D1/12—Saw-blades or saw-discs specially adapted for working stone
    • B28D1/127—Straight, i.e. flat, saw blades; strap saw blades

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technology of cutting blocks of hard, typically siliceous, stone of a natural or composite nature, using diamond blades.
  • the known methods envisaged that the blade-holder frame performed a high-frequency reciprocating movement and at the same time was displaced or moved forwards along a predetermined trajectory with respect to the block to be sawn, so that, in each position occupied in succession by the frame, the blades carried out a plurality of sawing cycles or strokes acting on the same (practically point-like) block portion.
  • the blade-holder frame was also imparted downward movement (or so-called “lowering movement") so that the blades gradually moved closer to the bottom of the groove formed with sawing.
  • the blades remain in contact with the block only along a very short section which in theory is even point-like.
  • rotation may involve both the block and the blade-holder frame.
  • rotation of the block about a movable centre is obtained by causing rolling of the block-holder carriage to- and-fro along a curved guide, while the blade-holder frame performs only a slow lowering movement (in addition to the to-and-fro, reciprocating, rectilinear movement).
  • rotation of the blade-holder frame (together with the lowering movement) is performed by lowering and raising alternately the blade-holder pendulum supports by means of a jig connected to the said supports.
  • the to-and-fro reciprocating movement of the blade holder is performed at a high speed and therefore with a relatively high frequency, while the rotational and lowering movements are performed slowly.
  • the main object of the invention is therefore to provide an industrially advantageous solution to this problem and need.
  • a method for sawing blocks of hard, natural or agglomerate, stone material using a multi-blade sawing machine comprising: a blade-holder frame provided with straight cutting blades having a substantially continuous diamond cutting edge, where said frame is brought into contact with the block to be cut, starting from its initial sawing surface with a relative oscillating movement of said blade-holder frame and said block to be cut so as to produce a cutting movement, said blade-holder frame being made to perform a gradual advancing movement towards the surface of the block opposite said initial sawing surface so as to produce a so-called penetrating movement, each blade being longer than the maximum dimension of the block to be sawn by an amount at least equal to the stroke of said blade-holder frame during said oscillating movement, characterized in that said relative oscillating movement of blades and block to be cut is a composite pendular movement comprising an oscillating movement about a first centre of rotation situated, with respect to the plane in which the blade-holder frame lies, on the opposite side to said block to be saw
  • the blade-holder frame is made to perform a reciprocating oscillating movement about a centre of rotation, outside the blade-holder itself and situated in relation to the plane of the blade-holder on the other side of the block to be sawn, and at the same time a rotational movement, also of a reciprocating nature, about a centre of rotation situated in the plane of the blade-holder frame, this second movement being synchronized with said oscillating movement so that, during the time taken by the blade-holder frame to perform a complete oscillation, it performs a complete translational movement between the two ends of said block.
  • penetrating movement is intended to mean a, preferably continuous and constant, relative approach movement of the blade-holder frame and the block to be sawn, regardless of the direction of this movement (e.g. horizontal or vertical) or the object which is moving (the frame, block or both).
  • the penetrating movement coincides with the lowering movement when the blade-holder frame moves downwards towards the block, which is stationary.
  • the first centre rotation is not fixed relative to the absolute reference system of the sawing machine, but is fixed in relation to a reference system integral with the system/mechanism for translation of the blade-holder frame and movable relative to the (absolute) reference system of the sawing machine.
  • the first centre of rotation is designed movable and integral with the lowering/penetrating mechanism. Therefore the radius of the centre of rotation of the centre of mass of the blade-holder remains constant, as does the cutting efficiency of the sawing machine during its penetration into the block.
  • the greater lengths of the blade and its continuous diamond edge in relation to the size of the block produces relative sliding contact between diamond tool and stone material, which gives rise to the phenomenon of abrasive cutting.
  • the cutting movement is obtained starting from a first end position, where the blade-holder frame is inclined on one side in relation to the surface of the block with a maximum value of inclination and one end of the diamond edge of the blades is in contact with one end of the block.
  • the blade-holder frame is made to perform a rotary translational movement so as to move towards the opposite end of the block and rotate so as to cause the blade-holder frame to assume firstly an intermediate position, where the blades are arranged parallel to the surface of the block and the middle of the diamond cutting edge is in contact with the middle of the block, and then reach a second end position where the blade-holder frame is inclined in an opposite manner to that of the first end position, so that the envelope curve of the points of contact between diamond cutting edge and block which forms the cutting profile has a substantially circular shape.
  • the cutting movement is imparted to said blade-holder frame, while the lowering/penetrating movement may be imparted to the blade holder itself or to the block to be cut.
  • the path followed by the end of the blades is a curved line, which is very similar to a circumferential arc in the case where the camber of the cutting profile is small and is less than about 1% of its length.
  • the kinematic system/mechanism which performs the movements described above must impart to the ends of blades, and therefore to the corresponding points of engagement with the blade holder, displacement trajectories which are curvilinear and in particular similar to a circumferential arc in the cases where it is required to provide circular cutting profiles in which the camber of the profile is small and in particular less than about 1% of its length.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a sawing machine with a horizontal blade- holder frame which implements the method according to the invention
  • FIGs 3, 4, 5, 6 are schematic views of the sawing machine according to Figure 2, in which the different relative operating positions of blade-holder frame and block to be cut are shown;
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the blade-holder frame and the block, showing the trajectory of the points of attachment of the blade-holder frame to the pendulums or oscillating arms during the movement of the sawing machine; and
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic view of an alternative embodiment of a sawing machine with a blade-holder frame which implements the method according to the invention.
  • 10 denotes in its entirety a horizontal machine for sawing a block
  • the sawing machine 10 comprises a blade-holder frame 20 arranged horizontally and provided with a plurality of straight blades, for example 80 - 100 in number, with a continuous diamond cutting edge.
  • the length of each blade is greater than the maximum dimension of the block to be sawn by a length at least equal to the translational stroke of the blade-holder frame. In the case of operation with connecting rod and crank, the length of each blade is equal to the maximum dimension of the block plus twice the length of the crank.
  • the blade-holder frame is constrained at its ends by means of two non-parallel oscillating arms or pendulums 22 and 24, so that it can be moved with a pendular motion.
  • top ends 22a and 24a of the pendulums 22 and 24, opposite to the ends 22b and 24b hinged with the blade-holder frame 20, are fixed to supports (not shown in the figures).
  • the two arms or pendulums 22 and 24 are not parallel to each other, but inclined so as to converge towards a common centre of rotation, so that in combination with the blade-holder frame and with a straight line which ideally connects together the top ends 22a, 24a, they define a trapezium which during each oscillation changes from the right-angled trapezium configuration to an isosceles trapezium configuration and finally a new right-angled trapezium configuration which is an opposite mirror image (these configurations can be seen in Figures 3 to 5, respectively).
  • the blade holder 20 is also made to perform a reciprocating movement by means of a connecting rod/ crank mechanism 30 consisting of a crank 32 hinged with a connecting rod 34 by means of a crank pin 36.
  • the connecting rod is in turn hinged with the blade-holder frame 20 by means of a connecting-rod pin 38.
  • the mechanism 30 also includes a flywheel 40 integral with the crank 32 for ensuring a uniform movement of the blade-holder frame 20.
  • the cutting method is performed in the manner described below with reference to Figures 3, 4, 5 and 6 which show the different operating positions which the blade-holder frame 20 is able to assume during a cutting cycle.
  • the blade-holder frame 20 moves towards the left and at the same time continues to rotate clockwise, being inclined on the opposite side to the configuration shown in Figure 3, reaching then the configuration shown in Figure 5 where the right-hand portion of the blades is in contact with the right-hand end of the block to be cut.
  • both the translational movement and the rotational movement of the blade-holder frame 20 reverse their direction.
  • the blade-holder frame is advanced towards the right and at the same is rotated in an anti-clockwise direction, so that the frame assumes firstly the configuration shown in Figure 6, where the blade-holder frame is arranged horizontally and in contact with the middle of the block (similar to Figure 4) and then, continuing, the starting configuration shown in Figure 3 is reached, where the blade- holder frame is inclined with the left-hand portion of the blades in contact with the left-hand end of the block 50. This completes a cutting cycle and at the same time an oscillating movement cycle of the blade-holder frame.
  • the resultant movement performed by the blade-holder which passes from the position shown in Figure 3 to that of Figure 4 and then to that of Figure 5, is a rotary translational movement in which the centre of rotation is situated in the middle of the blade-holder frame and is therefore a moving centre of rotation.
  • the blades with which the blade-holder frame 20 is provided since they are longer than the block to cut 50, make sliding contact along its surface, thus cutting into the top of the block.
  • the reciprocating, rectilinear, translational movement of the blade- holder frame is combined with a simultaneous rotational movement of the blade holder synchronized with the translational movement.
  • each pass i.e.
  • each blade passes from a position where it is cutting a top end of the block and is inclined in one direction (see Fig. 3) into an opposite position where it is cutting the opposite end and is inclined symmetrically with respect to the previous position (see Fig. 5).
  • an intermediate position see Fig. 4 where the blade in its middle part is cutting the middle of the block at the top of the cutting profile.
  • the blades are therefore subject simultaneously to two movements: a translational movement during which they advance and a rotational movement during which the blades rotate about a centre of rotation moving along a trajectory.
  • the relative movement of the blades and block is a rotary translational movement and the blades rotate and simultaneously slide along the block to be cut.
  • the cutting profile consequently generated on the block is a substantially circular profile and the contact between the cutting edge of each cutting blade and the block is a theoretically point-like contact (basically extending along a short line section): said point of contact for each oscillating cycle of the sawing machine and therefore the blade moves along the entire cutting profile first in one direction and then in the opposite direction, returning to the original position, resulting in a relative sliding movement of the diamond cutting edge and block being sawn equivalent to the oscillating stroke of the blade-holder.
  • each blade has a length greater than the maximum length of the blocks to be cut and the difference in length is equal to twice the length of the crank of the connecting rod and crank operating mechanism.
  • the length of the blade will be about 4.2 m.
  • the oscillating frequency of the blade-holder frame is 60 cycles per minute (i.e. one cycle per second)
  • the sliding speed or the relative speed of the blade and block will be 1.4 m per second.
  • the cutting blades are gradually moved towards the block, generating the so-called lowering (or penetrating) movement such as to allow cutting of the block into slabs.
  • the supports to which the ends 22a and 24a of the pendulums 22 and 24 are fixed may be movable and, while the blade-holder frame is moved as described, the pendulum supports are gradually moved towards the block and therefore both the lowering/penetrating movement and the cutting movement are imparted to the blade-holder frame 20.
  • the cutting profile consists of the envelope curve of the points of contact between cutting blades and block and this profile corresponds substantially to a circumferential arc, and the contact between diamond profile and stone is in theory "point-like", except where there are deformations of the blade under the cutting pressure. It should be noted that, during practical construction of a horizontal sawing machine based on the kinematic system described above, with cutting profiles 3.5 m long, corresponding to the maximum length of the blocks used in the market, and with pendulums more than 1.5 m long, the difference between the actual trajectory of the blade ends and the ideal trajectory necessary for providing a perfectly circular cutting profile is less than about 2 mm, an amount comparable to the deformation of the blade caused by the cutting forces.
  • the sawing machine which implements the cutting method described above may also be constructed using different kinematic systems; for example, as an alternative to the pendulums, in order to achieve a circular trajectory of the blade ends, the means for guiding and supporting the blade-holder frame may be formed by means of a curved guide for each of the four corners of the blade-holder frame, while movement of the frame could be achieved by means of the conventional connecting rod and crank mechanism.
  • the reference number 60 denotes the curve which the point of attachment (22b, 24b) of the blade-holder frame to the corresponding pendulum 22, 24 should describe in order to obtain the desired effect.
  • the connecting rod is oriented upwards and downwards, respectively.
  • This causes a minor oscillation of the blade-holder frame, but in particular the combination of the reciprocating movement of the blade-holder frame together with the lowering movement of the blade-holder causes an asymmetrical movement.
  • the sawing machine should have one of the following alternative characteristics:
  • Said blade 60 presents a cutting edge which has a substantially concave profile.
  • the camber radius of the cutting edge of the blade 60 is larger than the cutting profile radius generated on the sawing block.
  • said blade 60 has preferably a symmetrical shape with respect to its longitudinal axis 61.
  • the curved profile generates variable stiffening on the blade 60 along the longitudinal axis 61 direction.
  • the stiffening generated by an initial pretension of the blades 60 provides for the central cutting surface to oppose more effectively to the lateral forces so that the blades remain rectilinear and the cut doesn't deviate from the vertical direction.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
  • Sawing (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de sciage de blocs de matériau pierreux au moyen d'une machine à lames multiples comprenant un cadre porte-lames (20) pourvu de lames de coupe droites, ledit cadre étant mis en contact avec le bloc (50) à couper, un mouvement oscillant relatif du cadre porte lames et du bloc à couper étant assuré en vue de la production d'un mouvement de coupe, ledit cadre porte-lames étant conçu pour effectuer un mouvement d'avance progressif vers la surface du bloc de façon à produire un mouvement dit de pénétration. L'invention se caractérise en ce que le mouvement oscillant relatif des lames et du bloc à couper est un mouvement pendulaire composite comprenant, d'une part, un mouvement oscillant autour d'un premier centre de rotation situé, par rapport au plan dans lequel se trouve le cadre porte-lames, sur le côté opposé au bloc à scier, et, d'autre part, un mouvement de rotation autour d'un second centre de rotation situé dans le plan dudit cadre porte-lames, de façon que le mouvement de coupe soit un mouvement de translation rotatif relatif de chaque lame et du bloc en cours de sciage. En outre, lorsque le mouvement oscillant par rapport au premier centre de rotation est inversé, le mouvement de rotation autour du second centre de rotation présente également un sens de rotation inversé, de façon que les deux mouvements soient synchronisés l'un avec l'autre, le profil de coupe généré sur le bloc étant un profil sensiblement circulaire et le contact entre les lames de coupe et le bloc étant un contact théoriquement punctiforme.
PCT/IB2009/050640 2008-02-19 2009-02-17 Procédé de sciage de blocs de matériau pierreux au moyen d'un cadre à lames diamant et machine associée WO2009112960A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITTV2008A000028 2008-02-19
ITTV20080028 ITTV20080028A1 (it) 2008-02-19 2008-02-19 Procedimento per la segagione di blocchi di materiale lapideo con telaio a lame diamantate e relativa macchina.

Publications (1)

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WO2009112960A1 true WO2009112960A1 (fr) 2009-09-17

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106042020A (zh) * 2016-07-29 2016-10-26 无锡乐华自动化科技有限公司 一种固体垃圾切割装置

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR921157A (fr) * 1945-10-31 1947-04-29 Perfectionnements apportés aux machines à scier à mouvement alternatif
IT1226895B (it) * 1986-01-29 1991-02-21 Remo Pizzini Sega altrenativa a lame diamantate con corsa di lavoro tangentante ottenuta mediante sospensioni a pendoli oscillanti atta a tagliare materiali duri come graniti, porfidi e similari
DE19846946A1 (de) * 1998-10-12 2000-04-13 Hansbernd Berzheim Punktkontakt-Pendelsäge
US20030127086A1 (en) * 1999-06-17 2003-07-10 Brauninger Goetz H. Method and apparatus for cutting granite

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR921157A (fr) * 1945-10-31 1947-04-29 Perfectionnements apportés aux machines à scier à mouvement alternatif
IT1226895B (it) * 1986-01-29 1991-02-21 Remo Pizzini Sega altrenativa a lame diamantate con corsa di lavoro tangentante ottenuta mediante sospensioni a pendoli oscillanti atta a tagliare materiali duri come graniti, porfidi e similari
DE19846946A1 (de) * 1998-10-12 2000-04-13 Hansbernd Berzheim Punktkontakt-Pendelsäge
US20030127086A1 (en) * 1999-06-17 2003-07-10 Brauninger Goetz H. Method and apparatus for cutting granite

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106042020A (zh) * 2016-07-29 2016-10-26 无锡乐华自动化科技有限公司 一种固体垃圾切割装置

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Publication number Publication date
ITTV20080028A1 (it) 2009-08-20

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