WO2009110665A1 - Information storage medium for recording data according to journaling file system, and method of and apparatus for writing/recovering data using journaling file system - Google Patents

Information storage medium for recording data according to journaling file system, and method of and apparatus for writing/recovering data using journaling file system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009110665A1
WO2009110665A1 PCT/KR2008/004177 KR2008004177W WO2009110665A1 WO 2009110665 A1 WO2009110665 A1 WO 2009110665A1 KR 2008004177 W KR2008004177 W KR 2008004177W WO 2009110665 A1 WO2009110665 A1 WO 2009110665A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
data
journal
regions
region
storage medium
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2008/004177
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Dae-Jong Lee
Sung-Wook Park
Joon-Hwan Kwon
Original Assignee
Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. filed Critical Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
Publication of WO2009110665A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009110665A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
    • G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
    • G06F3/0628—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems making use of a particular technique
    • G06F3/0638—Organizing or formatting or addressing of data
    • G06F3/0643—Management of files
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/46—Multiprogramming arrangements
    • G06F9/50—Allocation of resources, e.g. of the central processing unit [CPU]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F15/00—Digital computers in general; Data processing equipment in general
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/10—File systems; File servers
    • G06F16/18—File system types
    • G06F16/1805—Append-only file systems, e.g. using logs or journals to store data
    • G06F16/1815—Journaling file systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
    • G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
    • G06F3/0602—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems specifically adapted to achieve a particular effect
    • G06F3/061—Improving I/O performance
    • G06F3/0611—Improving I/O performance in relation to response time
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
    • G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
    • G06F3/0668—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems adopting a particular infrastructure
    • G06F3/0671—In-line storage system
    • G06F3/0673—Single storage device
    • G06F3/068—Hybrid storage device

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an information storage medium for recording data according to a journaling file system, and a method of and an apparatus for writing/ recovering data using the journaling file system, and more particularly, to an information storage medium for recording data according to a journaling file system enhanced by disposing journal regions and data regions successively, and a method of and an apparatus for writing/recovering data using the journaling file system.
  • Background Art
  • a file system is a system retaining/storing actual data and metadata of files.
  • the file system refers to a method of naming files and logically locating the files to be stored and searched for.
  • a journaling file system is a file system reserving a portion of files for backing up and recovering the files.
  • the journaling file system records information regarding the data input/modification to a log before either input or modified data is written to a hard disk.
  • the journaling file system refers to the information recorded in the log and either reconstructs or recovers the data after a computer is re -booted.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram of a conventional journaling file system.
  • a journal region 111 which is a region included in a disk 110 in a general journaling file system, is a pre-determined region.
  • the metadata 120 is first written to the journal region 111 (operation 1) before the metadata 120 is written to a data region 112 (operation 2).
  • the application data 130 is first written to the journal region 111 (operation 3) before the application data 130 is written to a data region 113 (operation 4). Since a data writing operation is required to be performed more than once, throughput of data writing is lowered.
  • journal region 111 is pre-determined, a seek time is necessary for accessing the journal region 111, which is a pre-determined distance apart from the data regions 112 and 113. Moreover, if the journal region 111 is substantially large, it takes a long search time for searching for data even within the journal region 111. Disclosure of Invention Technical Solution
  • the present invention provides an information storage medium for recording data according to a journaling file system enhanced by disposing journal regions and data regions successively, such that less time is required for searching journal regions in data recovery, and a method of and an apparatus for writing/recovering data using the journaling file system.
  • the time to locate the journal regions can be reduced, and the time to search in the journal regions for data recovery can be reduced too since the journal region are divided into a plurality of journal regions in the information storage medium.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram of a conventional journaling file system
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram of an information storage medium 210 to which data is written according to a journaling file system according to an embodiment of the present invention ;
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method of writing data to an information storage medium according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method of recovering data in an information storage medium according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an apparatus 500 writing data to an information storage medium, according to an embodiment of the present invention .
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an apparatus 600 for recovering data to an information storage medium, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Best Mode
  • an information storage medium to which data is written according to a journaling file system including a journal region in which a log having recorded thereon operations through which data is written is stored, and including a data region to which data corresponding to data writing operations is written, wherein the journal region is divided into a plurality of journal regions, and the plurality of journal regions allocated to the information storage medium corresponding to the data writing operations [16]
  • the journal regions may be sequentially allocated to the information storage medium corresponding to the data writing operations .
  • the data regions may be successively disposed after the plurality of journal regions.
  • the information storage medium may further include a region to which address information of one of the journal regions having recorded thereon a log regarding a final operation of the data writing operations is recorded.
  • a method of writing data to an information storage medium including dividing a journal region into a plurality of journal regions, allocating the plurality of journal regions to the information storage medium corresponding to data writing operations , recording information regarding to the data writing operations to the log, and writing data corresponding to the data writing operations to data regions.
  • the allocating of the plurality of journal regions may include sequentially allocating the plurality of journal regions to the information storage medium corresponding to data writing operations .
  • the data regions may be successively disposed after the plurality of journal regions in the information storage medium.
  • the method may further include recording address information of one of the journal regions having recorded thereon a log regarding a final operation of the data writing operations in a pre-determined region of the information storage medium.
  • the method may further include recording the address information of the journal region having recorded thereon the log regarding to the final operation of the data writing operations in a non- volatile memory device.
  • a method of recovering data in an information storage medium including reading out address information from a pre-determined region in which the address information of a journal region in which a log having recorded thereon information regarding to a final operation of data writing operations performed prior to an interruption, reading out the log from the journal region in which the log is stored based on the read-out address information, and writing data to data regions by performing remaining operations of the data writing operations after the recorded final operation based on the read-out log.
  • the pre-determined region having recorded thereon the address information may be allocated to a non- volatile memory device.
  • the data regions may be successively disposed after the journal region in the information storage medium.
  • the writing of the data may include dividing a journal region into a plurality of journal regions, allocating the plurality of journal regions to the information storage medium corresponding to data writing operations , recording information regarding to the data writing operations to the log, and writing data corresponding to the data writing operations to data regions.
  • an apparatus for writing data to an information storage medium including a journal region generating unit generating journal regions in which logs are stored in the information storage medium, dividing the journal region into a plurality of journal regions and sequentially allocating the plurality of journal regions to the information storage medium corresponding to data writing operations, a log recording unit recording information regarding the data writing operations to the logs, a data region generating unit generating data regions to which data is to be written, and a data writing unit writing data corresponding to the data writing operations to the generated data regions.
  • an apparatus for recovering data in an information storage medium including an address information reading unit reading out address information of a journal region to which a log regarding a final operation of data writing operations is recorded from a pre-determined region if the data writing operations are abnormally terminated, a log reading unit reading out the log from the journal region to which the log regarding the final operation of the data writing operations is recorded based on the read-out address information, and a control unit performing remaining operations of the data writing operations after the recorded final operation and writing data to data regions Mode for Invention
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram of an information storage medium 210 to which data is written according to a journaling file system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the information storage medium 210 includes journal regions
  • data regions 212, 214, and 216 are general file system regions.
  • journal region is divided into a plurality of journal regions 211, 213, and 215. Then, the journal regions 211, 213, and 215 are allocated to the information storage medium 210 according to the data writing operations.
  • the journal region may also be divided in operation units.
  • the information storage medium 210 includes the data regions 212, 214, and 216 to which data either input or modified in the data writing operations is written.
  • the data regions 212, 214, and 216 are regions to which metadata 220, application data 230, and user data (not shown) can be written. Data regions are successively disposed inside the information storage media 210 after journal regions.
  • the information storage medium 210 may include a region to which address information of a journal region to which a log containing information regarding a final operation of the data writing operations is written.
  • the address region is a region different than the journal regions 211, 213, and 215 and the data regions 212, 214, and 216. Referring to FIG. 2, an operation in which the application data 230 is written to the second data region 214 is the final operation of the data writing operations. Therefore, the information storage medium 210 includes a region to which address information of the second journal region 213 is recorded.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method of writing data to an information storage medium according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • journal region of the information storage medium wherein a log is stored, is divided into a plurality of journal regions (operation 310). Then, the plurality of journal regions is sequentially allocated to the information storage medium corresponding to data writing operations (operation 320). The journal regions are generated and allocated in correspondence with a series of operations. Referring to FIG. 2, the journal regions are allocated in a sequence of the first journal region 211, the second journal region 213, and the third journal region 215. The journal regions may be sequentially allocated on pre-determined intervals or operation units.
  • operation 330 information regarding operations through which data is written is recorded to a log stored in the journal regions. For example, when a metadata 220 is about to be written to the information storage medium 210, information regarding to operation through which the metadata 220 is written is recorded to a log of the first journal region 211.
  • the data is written to data regions.
  • the data regions are successively disposed after the journal regions, that is, are adjacent to the journal regions in the information storage medium 210.
  • an operation in which the metadata 220 is written is recorded to a log of the first journal region 211, and the first data region 212 to which the metadata 220 is written is adjacent to the first journal region 211. Since the journal regions and the data regions are closely sequentially disposed, a seek time for seeking a log can be reduced as compared to the case of a conventional journaling file system.
  • address information of a journal region storing a log regarding to a final operation of a series of operations is recorded to a pre-determined region of the information storage medium.
  • the region storing the address information is a region different than the journal regions and the data regions.
  • an operation in which the application data 230 is written to the second data region 214 is the final operation.
  • the journaling file system includes a region to which address information of the second journal region 213 is stored. In this case, address information of a journal region in which the log regarding to the final operation may be written to a non- volatile memory device.
  • a non-volatile memory device such as like as a flash memory device, is a readable, writable, and erasable memory device .
  • non- volatile memory devices include a smart media, a memory stick, a compact flash (CF) card, an extreme digital (XD) card, a secure digital (SD) card, a secure digital high capacity (SDHC) card, multimedia card (MMC), etc.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, thus the address information may be written to volatile memory devices as well. Since the address information can be modified, a memory device to which the address information is written should be capable of reading, writing, and erasing data.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method of recovering data in an information storage medium according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • address information of a journal region to which a log regarding a final operation of the data writing operations is recorded is read out from a pre-determined region in which the address information is stored (operation 410).
  • the interruption of the data writing operations refers to an abnormal termination of the operations due to reasons including a power outage, etc.
  • address information of a journal region to which a log regarding to operation of data writing before the system was shut down is read out from a pre-determined region in which the address information is stored.
  • the region in which the address information is stored may be a region in the information storage medium or a non- volatile memory device connected to either an external or the journaling file system.
  • the log is located in reference with the read-out address information and is read out from the journal region in which the log is stored. For example, referring to FIG. 2, if data writing operations are abnormally terminated after data is written to the second data region 214, the journal region in which a final log is recorded reads out a log stored in the second journal region 213 corresponding to the second data region 214.
  • operation 430 the remaining operations of the data writing operations after the recorded final operation are performed based on the read-out log, so that the remaining data is written to the data region.
  • the journal regions are allocated to a plurality of regions, and information regarding to the operations after the recorded final operation is recorded in the log. Also, data corresponding to the operations after the recorded final operation is written to the data regions. Thus, the data is recovered.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an apparatus 500 writing data to an information storage medium, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the apparatus 500 includes a journal region generating unit 510, a data region generating unit 520, and a writing unit 530. Also, the apparatus 500 is connected to storage devices, that is, a disc 540 and a non- volatile memory 550.
  • the journal region generating unit 510 generates journal region in which logs is stored in the disc 540, divides the journal region into a plurality of journal regions and sequentially allocate the plurality of journal regions to the information storage medium corresponding to data writing operations.
  • the data region generating unit 520 generates data regions to which data is to be written such that the data regions are successively disposed after the journal regions in the information storage medium.
  • the writing unit 530 may include a log recording unit 532, a data writing unit 534, and an address information recording unit 536.
  • the log recording unit 532 records information regarding to data writing operations to logs in the journal regions.
  • the data writing unit 534 writes data corresponding to the data writing operations to the generated data regions.
  • the address information recording unit 536 records address information of the journal region in which a final log is recorded in a pre-determined region of the disc 540 or the non- volatile memory device 550.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an apparatus 600 for recovering data to an information storage medium, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the apparatus 600 includes an address information reading unit
  • the apparatus 600 is connected to storage devices, that is, a disc 640 and a non- volatile memory 650.
  • the address information reading unit 610 reads out the address information of a journal region to which a log regarding to a final operation of data writing operations is recorded from a predetermined region.
  • the pre-determined region in which the address information is recorded may be a region of the non- volatile memory device 650.
  • the log reading unit 620 reads out the log from the journal region to which the log regarding to the final operation of the data writing operations is recorded.
  • the control unit 630 performs the remaining operations of the data writing operations after the recorded final operation and writes data to the data regions.
  • the data regions are successively disposed after the journal regions in the disc 640.
  • the control unit 630 may include a journal region generating unit 631, a data region generating unit 632, a log recording unit 633, a data writing unit 634, and an address information writing unit 635.
  • the journal region generating unit 631 generates journal regions in which logs are stored in an information storage medium and sequentially allocates the journal regions into a plurality of journal regions in correspondence with data writing operations.
  • the data region generating unit 632 generates data regions to which data is to be written.
  • the log recording unit 633 records information regarding to data writing operations after the interruption.
  • the data writing unit 534 writes data corresponding to the data writing operations after the interruption to the generated data regions and recovers the data.
  • the address information recording unit 536 records address information of the journal region in which a log regarding to the data writing operations after the interruption is recorded in a pre-determined region of the disc 640.
  • the present invention is not limited to a case in which a journaling file system writes data to an information storage medium, and includes cases in which the journaling file system generates or modifies data.
  • the invention can also be embodied as computer readable codes on a computer readable recording medium.
  • the computer readable recording medium is any data storage device that can store data which can be thereafter read by a computer system. Examples of the computer readable recording medium include read-only memory (ROM), random-access memory (RAM), CD-ROMs, magnetic tapes, floppy disks, and optical data storage devices.
  • the computer readable recording medium can also be distributed over network coupled computer systems so that the computer readable code is stored and executed in a distributed fashion. Also, functional programs, codes, and code segments for accomplishing the present invention can be easily construed by programmers skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains.

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Abstract

Provided is a method of writing data using a journaling file system in an information storage medium, the method including: dividing a journal region into a plurality of journal regions, allocating the plurality of journal regions to the information storage medium corresponding to data writing operations, recording information regarding to the data writing operations to the log, and writing data corresponding to the data writing operations to data regions, wherein the journal regions and the data regions are reciprocally disposed. Thus, the time to locate the journal regions can be reduced, and the time to search in the journal regions for data recovery can be reduced too since the journal region are divided into a plurality of journal regions in the information storage medium.

Description

Description
INFORMATION STORAGE MEDIUM FOR RECORDING DATA ACCORDING TO JOURNALING FILE SYSTEM, AND METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR WRITING/RECOVERING DATA USING JOURNALING FILE SYSTEM
Technical Field
[1] The present invention relates to an information storage medium for recording data according to a journaling file system, and a method of and an apparatus for writing/ recovering data using the journaling file system, and more particularly, to an information storage medium for recording data according to a journaling file system enhanced by disposing journal regions and data regions successively, and a method of and an apparatus for writing/recovering data using the journaling file system. Background Art
[2] A file system is a system retaining/storing actual data and metadata of files. In other words, the file system refers to a method of naming files and logically locating the files to be stored and searched for.
[3] A journaling file system is a file system reserving a portion of files for backing up and recovering the files. When a user either inputs or modifies data, the journaling file system records information regarding the data input/modification to a log before either input or modified data is written to a hard disk. Thus, when an operation of writing the data is abnormally terminated due to power outage, etc., the journaling file system refers to the information recorded in the log and either reconstructs or recovers the data after a computer is re -booted.
[4] FIG. 1 is a diagram of a conventional journaling file system.
[5] Referring to FIG. 1, a journal region 111, which is a region included in a disk 110 in a general journaling file system, is a pre-determined region. For example, when metadata 120 is written, the metadata 120 is first written to the journal region 111 (operation 1) before the metadata 120 is written to a data region 112 (operation 2). When application data 130 is written, the application data 130 is first written to the journal region 111 (operation 3) before the application data 130 is written to a data region 113 (operation 4). Since a data writing operation is required to be performed more than once, throughput of data writing is lowered. Also, since the journal region 111 is pre-determined, a seek time is necessary for accessing the journal region 111, which is a pre-determined distance apart from the data regions 112 and 113. Moreover, if the journal region 111 is substantially large, it takes a long search time for searching for data even within the journal region 111. Disclosure of Invention Technical Solution
[6] The present invention provides an information storage medium for recording data according to a journaling file system enhanced by disposing journal regions and data regions successively, such that less time is required for searching journal regions in data recovery, and a method of and an apparatus for writing/recovering data using the journaling file system. Advantageous Effects
[7] According to an aspect of the present invention, the time to locate the journal regions can be reduced, and the time to search in the journal regions for data recovery can be reduced too since the journal region are divided into a plurality of journal regions in the information storage medium. Description of Drawings
[8] The above and other features and utilities of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings in which:
[9] FIG. 1 is a diagram of a conventional journaling file system;
[10] FIG. 2 is a diagram of an information storage medium 210 to which data is written according to a journaling file system according to an embodiment of the present invention ;
[11] FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method of writing data to an information storage medium according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[12] FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method of recovering data in an information storage medium according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[13] FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an apparatus 500 writing data to an information storage medium, according to an embodiment of the present invention ; and
[14] FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an apparatus 600 for recovering data to an information storage medium, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Best Mode
[15] According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an information storage medium to which data is written according to a journaling file system, the information storage medium including a journal region in which a log having recorded thereon operations through which data is written is stored, and including a data region to which data corresponding to data writing operations is written, wherein the journal region is divided into a plurality of journal regions, and the plurality of journal regions allocated to the information storage medium corresponding to the data writing operations [16] The journal regions may be sequentially allocated to the information storage medium corresponding to the data writing operations .
[17] The data regions may be successively disposed after the plurality of journal regions.
[18] The information storage medium may further include a region to which address information of one of the journal regions having recorded thereon a log regarding a final operation of the data writing operations is recorded.
[19] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of writing data to an information storage medium, the method including dividing a journal region into a plurality of journal regions, allocating the plurality of journal regions to the information storage medium corresponding to data writing operations , recording information regarding to the data writing operations to the log, and writing data corresponding to the data writing operations to data regions.
[20] The allocating of the plurality of journal regions may include sequentially allocating the plurality of journal regions to the information storage medium corresponding to data writing operations .
[21] The data regions may be successively disposed after the plurality of journal regions in the information storage medium.
[22] The method may further include recording address information of one of the journal regions having recorded thereon a log regarding a final operation of the data writing operations in a pre-determined region of the information storage medium.
[23] The method may further include recording the address information of the journal region having recorded thereon the log regarding to the final operation of the data writing operations in a non- volatile memory device.
[24] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of recovering data in an information storage medium, the method including reading out address information from a pre-determined region in which the address information of a journal region in which a log having recorded thereon information regarding to a final operation of data writing operations performed prior to an interruption, reading out the log from the journal region in which the log is stored based on the read-out address information, and writing data to data regions by performing remaining operations of the data writing operations after the recorded final operation based on the read-out log.
[25] The pre-determined region having recorded thereon the address information may be allocated to a non- volatile memory device.
[26] The data regions may be successively disposed after the journal region in the information storage medium.
[27] The writing of the data may include dividing a journal region into a plurality of journal regions, allocating the plurality of journal regions to the information storage medium corresponding to data writing operations , recording information regarding to the data writing operations to the log, and writing data corresponding to the data writing operations to data regions.
[28] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for writing data to an information storage medium, the apparatus including a journal region generating unit generating journal regions in which logs are stored in the information storage medium, dividing the journal region into a plurality of journal regions and sequentially allocating the plurality of journal regions to the information storage medium corresponding to data writing operations, a log recording unit recording information regarding the data writing operations to the logs, a data region generating unit generating data regions to which data is to be written, and a data writing unit writing data corresponding to the data writing operations to the generated data regions.
[29] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for recovering data in an information storage medium, the apparatus including an address information reading unit reading out address information of a journal region to which a log regarding a final operation of data writing operations is recorded from a pre-determined region if the data writing operations are abnormally terminated, a log reading unit reading out the log from the journal region to which the log regarding the final operation of the data writing operations is recorded based on the read-out address information, and a control unit performing remaining operations of the data writing operations after the recorded final operation and writing data to data regions Mode for Invention
[30] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the attached drawings.
[31] FIG. 2 is a diagram of an information storage medium 210 to which data is written according to a journaling file system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[32] Referring to FIG. 2, the information storage medium 210 includes journal regions
211, 213, and 215 and data regions 212, 214, and 216, wherein the data regions 212, 214, and 216 are general file system regions.
[33] When a user either inputs or modifies data, information regarding the data input/ modification is recorded to a log before the data is written to the information storage medium. In other words, operations such as generation or modification of data, that is, processes through which data is written, are recorded to the log. The log is stored in a journal region. The journal region is divided into a plurality of journal regions 211, 213, and 215. Then, the journal regions 211, 213, and 215 are allocated to the information storage medium 210 according to the data writing operations. The journal region may also be divided in operation units. When a first operation is accomplished, information regarding the first operation is recorded to a log stored in a first journal region 211. When a second operation is accomplished, information regarding the second operation is recorded to a log stored in a second journal region 213.
[34] The information storage medium 210 includes the data regions 212, 214, and 216 to which data either input or modified in the data writing operations is written. In other words, the data regions 212, 214, and 216 are regions to which metadata 220, application data 230, and user data (not shown) can be written. Data regions are successively disposed inside the information storage media 210 after journal regions.
[35] Also, the information storage medium 210 may include a region to which address information of a journal region to which a log containing information regarding a final operation of the data writing operations is written. The address region is a region different than the journal regions 211, 213, and 215 and the data regions 212, 214, and 216. Referring to FIG. 2, an operation in which the application data 230 is written to the second data region 214 is the final operation of the data writing operations. Therefore, the information storage medium 210 includes a region to which address information of the second journal region 213 is recorded.
[36] FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method of writing data to an information storage medium according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[37] Referring to FIG. 3, journal region of the information storage medium, wherein a log is stored, is divided into a plurality of journal regions (operation 310). Then, the plurality of journal regions is sequentially allocated to the information storage medium corresponding to data writing operations (operation 320). The journal regions are generated and allocated in correspondence with a series of operations. Referring to FIG. 2, the journal regions are allocated in a sequence of the first journal region 211, the second journal region 213, and the third journal region 215. The journal regions may be sequentially allocated on pre-determined intervals or operation units.
[38] In operation 330, information regarding operations through which data is written is recorded to a log stored in the journal regions. For example, when a metadata 220 is about to be written to the information storage medium 210, information regarding to operation through which the metadata 220 is written is recorded to a log of the first journal region 211.
[39] In operation 340, the data is written to data regions. The data regions are successively disposed after the journal regions, that is, are adjacent to the journal regions in the information storage medium 210. For example, referring to FIG. 2, when the metadata 220 is written to the information storage medium 210, an operation in which the metadata 220 is written is recorded to a log of the first journal region 211, and the first data region 212 to which the metadata 220 is written is adjacent to the first journal region 211. Since the journal regions and the data regions are closely sequentially disposed, a seek time for seeking a log can be reduced as compared to the case of a conventional journaling file system.
[40] In operation 350, address information of a journal region storing a log regarding to a final operation of a series of operations is recorded to a pre-determined region of the information storage medium. The region storing the address information is a region different than the journal regions and the data regions. For example, referring to FIG. 2, an operation in which the application data 230 is written to the second data region 214 is the final operation. Thus, the journaling file system includes a region to which address information of the second journal region 213 is stored. In this case, address information of a journal region in which the log regarding to the final operation may be written to a non- volatile memory device. A non-volatile memory device, such as like as a flash memory device, is a readable, writable, and erasable memory device . Examples of non- volatile memory devices include a smart media, a memory stick, a compact flash (CF) card, an extreme digital (XD) card, a secure digital (SD) card, a secure digital high capacity (SDHC) card, multimedia card (MMC), etc. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, thus the address information may be written to volatile memory devices as well. Since the address information can be modified, a memory device to which the address information is written should be capable of reading, writing, and erasing data.
[41] FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method of recovering data in an information storage medium according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[42] Referring to FIG. 4, if operations for writing data to an information storage medium are interrupted, address information of a journal region to which a log regarding a final operation of the data writing operations is recorded is read out from a pre-determined region in which the address information is stored (operation 410). The interruption of the data writing operations refers to an abnormal termination of the operations due to reasons including a power outage, etc. When a system is re-booted or re-operated, address information of a journal region to which a log regarding to operation of data writing before the system was shut down is read out from a pre-determined region in which the address information is stored. The region in which the address information is stored may be a region in the information storage medium or a non- volatile memory device connected to either an external or the journaling file system.
[43] In operation 420, the log is located in reference with the read-out address information and is read out from the journal region in which the log is stored. For example, referring to FIG. 2, if data writing operations are abnormally terminated after data is written to the second data region 214, the journal region in which a final log is recorded reads out a log stored in the second journal region 213 corresponding to the second data region 214.
[44] In operation 430, the remaining operations of the data writing operations after the recorded final operation are performed based on the read-out log, so that the remaining data is written to the data region. Corresponding to the remaining operations after the recorded final operation, the journal regions are allocated to a plurality of regions, and information regarding to the operations after the recorded final operation is recorded in the log. Also, data corresponding to the operations after the recorded final operation is written to the data regions. Thus, the data is recovered.
[45] FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an apparatus 500 writing data to an information storage medium, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[46] Referring to FIG. 5, the apparatus 500 includes a journal region generating unit 510, a data region generating unit 520, and a writing unit 530. Also, the apparatus 500 is connected to storage devices, that is, a disc 540 and a non- volatile memory 550.
[47] The journal region generating unit 510 generates journal region in which logs is stored in the disc 540, divides the journal region into a plurality of journal regions and sequentially allocate the plurality of journal regions to the information storage medium corresponding to data writing operations.
[48] The data region generating unit 520 generates data regions to which data is to be written such that the data regions are successively disposed after the journal regions in the information storage medium.
[49] The writing unit 530 may include a log recording unit 532, a data writing unit 534, and an address information recording unit 536. The log recording unit 532 records information regarding to data writing operations to logs in the journal regions. The data writing unit 534 writes data corresponding to the data writing operations to the generated data regions. The address information recording unit 536 records address information of the journal region in which a final log is recorded in a pre-determined region of the disc 540 or the non- volatile memory device 550.
[50] FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an apparatus 600 for recovering data to an information storage medium, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[51] Referring to FIG. 6, the apparatus 600 includes an address information reading unit
610, a log reading unit 620, and a control unit 630. Also, the apparatus 600 is connected to storage devices, that is, a disc 640 and a non- volatile memory 650.
[52] If operations for writing data to the disc 640 are interrupted, the address information reading unit 610 reads out the address information of a journal region to which a log regarding to a final operation of data writing operations is recorded from a predetermined region. The pre-determined region in which the address information is recorded may be a region of the non- volatile memory device 650.
[53] Based on the read-out address information, the log reading unit 620 reads out the log from the journal region to which the log regarding to the final operation of the data writing operations is recorded.
[54] The control unit 630 performs the remaining operations of the data writing operations after the recorded final operation and writes data to the data regions. The data regions are successively disposed after the journal regions in the disc 640. Also, the control unit 630 may include a journal region generating unit 631, a data region generating unit 632, a log recording unit 633, a data writing unit 634, and an address information writing unit 635. The journal region generating unit 631 generates journal regions in which logs are stored in an information storage medium and sequentially allocates the journal regions into a plurality of journal regions in correspondence with data writing operations. The data region generating unit 632 generates data regions to which data is to be written. The log recording unit 633 records information regarding to data writing operations after the interruption. The data writing unit 534 writes data corresponding to the data writing operations after the interruption to the generated data regions and recovers the data. The address information recording unit 536 records address information of the journal region in which a log regarding to the data writing operations after the interruption is recorded in a pre-determined region of the disc 640.
[55] However, the present invention is not limited to a case in which a journaling file system writes data to an information storage medium, and includes cases in which the journaling file system generates or modifies data.
[56] The invention can also be embodied as computer readable codes on a computer readable recording medium. The computer readable recording medium is any data storage device that can store data which can be thereafter read by a computer system. Examples of the computer readable recording medium include read-only memory (ROM), random-access memory (RAM), CD-ROMs, magnetic tapes, floppy disks, and optical data storage devices. The computer readable recording medium can also be distributed over network coupled computer systems so that the computer readable code is stored and executed in a distributed fashion. Also, functional programs, codes, and code segments for accomplishing the present invention can be easily construed by programmers skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains.
[57] While this invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The preferred embodiments should be considered in descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. Therefore, the scope of the invention is defined not by the detailed description of the invention but by the appended claims, and all differences within the scope will be construed as being included in the present invention.

Claims

Claims
[1] 1. An information storage medium to which data is written according to a journaling file system, the information storage medium comprising: a journal region in which a log having recorded thereon operations through which data is written is stored; and a data region to which data corresponding to data writing operations is written, wherein the journal region is divided into a plurality of journal regions, and the plurality of journal regions allocated to the information storage medium corresponding to the data writing operations
[2] 2. The information storage medium of claim 1, wherein the journal regions are sequentially allocated to the information storage medium corresponding to the data writing operations .
[3] 3. The information storage medium of claim 2, wherein the data regions are successively disposed after the plurality of journal regions.
[4] 4. The information storage medium of claim 3, further comprising a region to which address information of one of the journal regions having recorded thereon a log regarding a final operation of the data writing operations is recorded.
[5] 5. A method of writing data to an information storage medium, the method comprising: dividing a journal region into a plurality of journal regions; allocating the plurality of journal regions to the information storage medium corresponding to data writing operations ; recording information regarding to the data writing operations to the log; and writing data corresponding to the data writing operations to data regions.
[6] 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the allocating of the plurality of journal regions comprises sequentially allocating the plurality of journal regions to the information storage medium corresponding to data writing operations .
[7] 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the data regions are successively disposed after the plurality of journal regions in the information storage medium.
[8] 8. The method of claim 7, further comprising recording address information of one of the journal regions having recorded thereon a log regarding a final operation of the data writing operations in a pre-determined region of the information storage medium.
[9] 9. The method of claim 7, further comprising recording the address information of the journal region having recorded thereon the log regarding to the final operation of the data writing operations in a non- volatile memory device.
[10] 10. A method of recovering data in an information storage medium, the method comprising: reading out address information from a pre-determined region in which the address information of a journal region in which a log having recorded thereon information regarding to a final operation of data writing operations performed prior to an interruption; reading out the log from the journal region in which the log is stored based on the read-out address information; and writing data to data regions by performing remaining operations of the data writing operations after the recorded final operation based on the read-out log.
[11] 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the pre-determined region having recorded thereon the address information is allocated to a non- volatile memory device.
[12] 12. The method of claim 10, wherein the data regions are successively disposed after the journal region in the information storage medium.
[13] 13. The method of claim 10, wherein the writing of the data comprises: dividing a journal region into a plurality of journal regions; allocating the plurality of journal regions to the information storage medium corresponding to data writing operations ; recording information regarding to the data writing operations to the log; and writing data corresponding to the data writing operations to data regions.
[14] 14. An apparatus for writing data to an information storage medium, the apparatus comprising: a journal region generating unit generating journal regions in which logs are stored in the information storage medium, dividing the journal region into a plurality of journal regions and sequentially allocating the plurality of journal regions to the information storage medium corresponding to data writing operations; a log recording unit recording information regarding the data writing operations to the logs; a data region generating unit generating data regions to which data is to be written; and a data writing unit writing data corresponding to the data writing operations to the generated data regions.
[15] 15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the journal region generation unit sequentially allocates the journal regions in correspondence with the data writing operations.
[16] 16. The apparatus of claim 15, the data region generation unit generates the data regions such that the data regions are successively disposed after the journal regions in the information storage medium.
[17] 17. The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising an address information recording unit recording address information of the journal region in which a log has recorded thereon information regarding a final operation of the data writing operations to a pre-determined region of the information storage medium.
[18] 18. The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising an address information recording unit recording address information of the journal region in which the log has recorded thereon information regarding the final operation of the data writing operations to a non-volatile memory device.
[19] 19. An apparatus for recovering data in an information storage medium, the apparatus comprising: an address information reading unit reading out address information of a journal region to which a log regarding a final operation of data writing operations is recorded from a pre-determined region if the data writing operations are abnormally terminated ; a log reading unit reading out the log from the journal region to which the log regarding the final operation of the data writing operations is recorded based on the read-out address information; and a control unit performing remaining operations of the data writing operations after the recorded final operation and writing data to data regions.
[20] 20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the pre-determined region in which the address information is recorded is allocated to a non- volatile memory device.
[21] 21. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the data regions are successively disposed after the journal regions in the information storage medium.
[22] 22. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the control unit comprises: a journal region generating unit generating journal regions in which logs are stored in the information storage medium, dividing the journal region into a plurality of journal regions and sequentially allocating the plurality of journal regions to the information storage medium corresponding to data writing operations; a log recording unit recording information regarding the data writing operations to the logs; a data region generating unit generating data regions to which data is to be written; and a data writing unit writing data corresponding to the data writing operations to the generated data regions.
PCT/KR2008/004177 2008-03-03 2008-07-17 Information storage medium for recording data according to journaling file system, and method of and apparatus for writing/recovering data using journaling file system WO2009110665A1 (en)

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