WO2009106201A1 - Coating components of an internal combustion engine for reducing friction, wear, and adhesion tendency - Google Patents

Coating components of an internal combustion engine for reducing friction, wear, and adhesion tendency Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009106201A1
WO2009106201A1 PCT/EP2009/000635 EP2009000635W WO2009106201A1 WO 2009106201 A1 WO2009106201 A1 WO 2009106201A1 EP 2009000635 W EP2009000635 W EP 2009000635W WO 2009106201 A1 WO2009106201 A1 WO 2009106201A1
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Prior art keywords
layer
dlc
combustion engine
internal combustion
wear
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PCT/EP2009/000635
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gunter BÜRKLE
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Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh
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Application filed by Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh filed Critical Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh
Priority to EP09715939A priority Critical patent/EP2245210A1/en
Publication of WO2009106201A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009106201A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
    • C23C16/26—Deposition of carbon only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C23C16/0272—Deposition of sub-layers, e.g. to promote the adhesion of the main coating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C23C16/0272—Deposition of sub-layers, e.g. to promote the adhesion of the main coating
    • C23C16/029—Graded interfaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
    • C23C28/044—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material coatings specially adapted for cutting tools or wear applications
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
    • C23C28/046—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material with at least one amorphous inorganic material layer, e.g. DLC, a-C:H, a-C:Me, the layer being doped or not
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
    • C23C28/048—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material with layers graded in composition or physical properties

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for coating a thermally and tribologically highly stressed component of an internal combustion engine with a DLC layer, according to the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • thermally and tribologically highly stressed components of an internal combustion engine such as bolts, Kobenringe, connecting rod bearing, cylinder surfaces of the piston and the like to be designed so that friction, wear and adhesion tendency can be avoided.
  • DLC diamond Like Carbon
  • Chromium or titanium and / or CrN, TiN may be considered as an adhesion promoter layer so that the DLC layer adheres to the required extent on the surface of the component.
  • adhesion promoters require an additional work step and additional facilities in the coating system, which leads to high additional costs.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide an improved method for coating a thermally and tribologically highly stressed component of an internal combustion engine with a DLC layer.
  • a first DLC layer is first applied to the component by means of plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition and then a further DLC layer is applied, which has a reduced rigidity, hardness and lower residual stresses compared with the first DLC layer.
  • the method has the advantage that on the component in a single process (process step) first applied a first DLC adhesive layer with an adapted to the iron-based component modulus of elasticity in the PA-CVD method (plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition) which results in lower stresses in the layer-substrate interface upon mechanical loading of the thus coated surface.
  • the deposited by means of the PA-CVD method on the surface of the component second DLC functional layer has a very high hardness and therefore can not shrink with the running partner (eg bearing piston skirt wall section with the barrel partner cylinder running surface), so that over the life of a comparatively high wear would occur. In addition, such a layer would tend to erupt, which would then lead to layer failure.
  • a further, softer DLC inlet layer is deposited on this first hard layer. Again, this can be done in the PA-CVD method. It is inventively provided that when depositing the other layers on the first applied layer, the transition either in stages, whereby a so-called multi-layer layer is formed, or takes place continuously, whereby one obtains a so-called gradient layer.
  • the abovementioned coating process is characterized by a very high deposition rate and low substrate temperatures, so that the method according to the invention is very favorable with regard to production costs and production time in the coating of the components.
  • the thermally and tribologically highly stressed component which has been coated by the method according to the invention, an increased reduction of friction and wear during its operation, which further in a particularly advantageous manner cold welding, in particular plating and micro Welding avoided.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized by lower costs and environmental friendliness with simultaneously higher tribological performance of the component.
  • the thermally and tribologically highly stressed components are components of an internal combustion engine, such as e.g. Pistons, connecting rods, bolts, piston rings, plain bearings and the like.
  • DLC coating of diamond-like carbon
  • DLC layers consist essentially of carbon, which is bound in sp2 and / or sp3 bonds, whereby the binding character essentially determines the properties of the layer.
  • An amorphous hydrogen-containing metal-free DLC layer (aC: H) has proved particularly advantageous in which both types of bonding are present in a ratio of 60-80: 20-40.
  • the single figure shows schematically a component which has been produced by the process according to the invention and has a corresponding layer structure.

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for coating a thermally and tribologically highly stressed component of an internal combustion engine with a DLC layer, characterized in that a first DLC layer is first applied to the component by means of plasma-supported chemical gas phase deposition, and then a further DLC layer, harder and more rigid than the first DLC layer, is applied.

Description

Beschichtung von Bauteilen einer Brennkraftmaschine zur Verminderung von Reibung, Verschleiß und Adhäsionsneigung Coating of components of an internal combustion engine to reduce friction, wear and adhesion tendency
Beschreibungdescription
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Beschichtung eines thermisch und tribolo- gisch hoch beanspruchten Bauteiles einer Brennkraftmaschine mit einer DLC- Schicht, gemäß den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffes des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a method for coating a thermally and tribologically highly stressed component of an internal combustion engine with a DLC layer, according to the features of the preamble of claim 1.
Es ist bekannt, thermisch und tribologisch hoch beanspruchte Bauteile einer Brennkraftmaschine, wie Bolzen, Kobenringe, Pleuellager, Zylinderlaufflächen des Kolbens und dergleichen so zu gestalten, dass Reibung, Verschleiß und Adhäsionsneigung vermieden werden.It is known to thermally and tribologically highly stressed components of an internal combustion engine, such as bolts, Kobenringe, connecting rod bearing, cylinder surfaces of the piston and the like to be designed so that friction, wear and adhesion tendency can be avoided.
Hierzu kommen beispielsweise eloxierte Nuten, Buchsen aus Kupferwerkstoffen und dergleichen in Betracht. Hierbei handelt es sich zusätzlich zu dem eigentlichen Bauteil um weitere Bauteile, die extra gefertigt und montiert werden müssen, was von Nachteil ist.For this purpose, for example, anodized grooves, sockets of copper materials and the like into consideration. This is in addition to the actual component to other components that need to be specially manufactured and assembled, which is disadvantageous.
Darüber hinaus ist es bekannt, thermisch und tribologisch hoch beanspruchte Bauteile mit einer DLC-Schicht mit einer zusätzlichen Haftvermittlerschicht auf das Bauteil aufzubringen. Hierbei bedeutet in an sich bekannter Weise die Abkürzung „DLC" „Diamond Like Carbon". Als Haftvermittlerschicht kommt z.B. Chrom oder Titan und/oder CrN, TiN in Betracht, damit die DLC-Schicht in erforderlichem Maße auf der Oberfläche des Bauteils haftet. Diese Haftvermittler bedingen aber einen zusätzlichen Arbeitsschritt und zusätzliche Einrichtungen in der Beschichtungsanlage, was zu hohen Zusatzkosten führt. Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zu Grunde, ein verbessertes Verfahren zur Beschichtung eines thermisch und tribologisch hoch beanspruchten Bauteiles einer Brennkraftmaschine mit einer DLC-Schicht anzugeben.Moreover, it is known to apply thermally and tribologically highly stressed components with a DLC layer with an additional adhesive layer on the component. Here, in a conventional manner, the abbreviation "DLC" means "Diamond Like Carbon". Chromium or titanium and / or CrN, TiN, for example, may be considered as an adhesion promoter layer so that the DLC layer adheres to the required extent on the surface of the component. However, these adhesion promoters require an additional work step and additional facilities in the coating system, which leads to high additional costs. The invention is therefore based on the object to provide an improved method for coating a thermally and tribologically highly stressed component of an internal combustion engine with a DLC layer.
Diese Aufgabe ist durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruches 1 gelöst.This object is solved by the features of claim 1.
Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass zunächst auf das Bauteil mittels plasmaunterstützter chemischer Gasphasenabscheidung eine erste DLC-Schicht aufgebracht wird und danach eine weitere DLC-Schicht aufgebracht wird, die gegenüber der ersten DLC-Schicht eine verringerte Steifigkeit, Härte und geringere Eigenspannungen aufweist.According to the invention, a first DLC layer is first applied to the component by means of plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition and then a further DLC layer is applied, which has a reduced rigidity, hardness and lower residual stresses compared with the first DLC layer.
Dies hat zunächst den Vorteil, dass die Beschichtung ohne eine Haftvermittlerschicht erfolgen kann, so dass das Verfahren hinsichtlich der Witschaftlichkeit verbessert ist, da die Verwendung einer Haftvermittlerschicht entfällt.This initially has the advantage that the coating can take place without a bonding agent layer, so that the process is improved in terms of productivity, since the use of a bonding agent layer is eliminated.
Darüber hinaus hat das Verfahren den Vorteil, dass auf das Bauteil in einem einzigen Prozeß (Verfahrensschritt) zunächst eine erste DLC-Haftschicht mit einem auf das Eisen-Basis-Bauteil angepasstem E-Modul im PA-CVD-Verfahren (plasmaunterstützte chemische Gasphasenabscheidung) aufgebracht wird, wodurch bei mechanischer Belastung der so beschichteten Oberfläche geringere Spannungen in der Schicht- Substrat-Grenzfläche entstehen. Die mittels des PA-CVD-Verfahrens auf die Oberfläche des Bauteils abgeschiedene zweite DLC-Funktionsschicht hat eine sehr hohe Härte und kann daher mit dem Laufpartner (z.B. tragender Kolbenschaftwandabschnitt mit dem Laufpartner Zylinderlauffläche) nicht einlaufen, so dass über die Laufzeit ein vergleichbar hoher Verschleiß auftreten würde. Außerdem würde eine derartige Schicht zu Ausbrüchen neigen, die dann zum Schichtversagen führen würde. Um dies zu vermeiden, ist weiterhin erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass auf diese erste, harte Schicht, eine weitere, weichere DLC-Einlaufschicht abgeschieden wird. Auch dies kann wieder im PA-CVD-Verfahren erfolgen. Dabei ist es erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass beim Abscheiden der weiteren Schichten auf die erste aufgebrachte Schicht der Übergang entweder in Stufen erfolgt, wodurch eine so genannte Multi-Layer-Schicht entsteht, oder kontinuierlich erfolgt, wodurch man eine so genannte Gradienten-Schicht erhält. Der genannte Be- schichtungsprozess zeichnet sich durch eine sehr hohe Abscheiderate und geringe Substrattemperaturen aus, wodurch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren hinsichtlich Herstellungskosten und Herstellungszeit bei der Beschichtung der Bauteile sehr günstig ist.In addition, the method has the advantage that on the component in a single process (process step) first applied a first DLC adhesive layer with an adapted to the iron-based component modulus of elasticity in the PA-CVD method (plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition) which results in lower stresses in the layer-substrate interface upon mechanical loading of the thus coated surface. The deposited by means of the PA-CVD method on the surface of the component second DLC functional layer has a very high hardness and therefore can not shrink with the running partner (eg bearing piston skirt wall section with the barrel partner cylinder running surface), so that over the life of a comparatively high wear would occur. In addition, such a layer would tend to erupt, which would then lead to layer failure. In order to avoid this, it is further provided according to the invention that a further, softer DLC inlet layer is deposited on this first hard layer. Again, this can be done in the PA-CVD method. It is inventively provided that when depositing the other layers on the first applied layer, the transition either in stages, whereby a so-called multi-layer layer is formed, or takes place continuously, whereby one obtains a so-called gradient layer. The abovementioned coating process is characterized by a very high deposition rate and low substrate temperatures, so that the method according to the invention is very favorable with regard to production costs and production time in the coating of the components.
Damit bietet das thermisch und tribologisch hoch beanspruchte Bauteil, das mittels des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens beschichtet worden ist, eine gesteigerte Verringerung von Reibung und Verschleiß während seines Betriebes, wodurch weiterhin in besonders vorteilhafter Weise Kaltverschweißungen, wie insbesondere Plattieren und Micro-Welding, vermieden werden. Weiterhin zeichnet sich das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren durch geringere Kosten und Umweltfreundlichkeit bei gleichzeitig höherer tribologischer Leistungsfähigkeit des Bauteiles aus.Thus, the thermally and tribologically highly stressed component, which has been coated by the method according to the invention, an increased reduction of friction and wear during its operation, which further in a particularly advantageous manner cold welding, in particular plating and micro Welding avoided. Furthermore, the method according to the invention is characterized by lower costs and environmental friendliness with simultaneously higher tribological performance of the component.
Bei den thermisch und tribologisch hoch beanspruchten Bauteilen handelt es sich um Bauteile einer Brennkraftmaschine, wie z.B. Kolben, Pleuel, Bolzen, Kolbenringe, Gleitlager und dergleichen.The thermally and tribologically highly stressed components are components of an internal combustion engine, such as e.g. Pistons, connecting rods, bolts, piston rings, plain bearings and the like.
Unter der Bezeichnung DLC (Beschichtung aus diamatähnlichem Kohlenstoff) sind vorzugsweise alle in der VDI 2840 in Gruppe 2 aufgeführten Schichten zu verstehen. DLC-Schichten bestehen im Wesentlichen aus Kohlenstoff, der in sp2 und/oder sp3 Bindungen gebunden ist, wobei der Bindungscharakter die Eigenschaften der Schicht wesentlich bestimmt. Als besonders vorteilhaft hat sich eine amorphe was- serstoffhaltige metallfreie DLC-Schicht (a-C:H) erwiesen, bei der beide Bindungsarten im Verhältnis 60-80:20-40 vorhanden sind. Die einzige Figur zeigt schematisch ein Bauteil, welches nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellt worden ist und einen dementsprechenden Schichtaufbau aufweist. The term DLC (coating of diamond-like carbon) is to be understood as meaning preferably all layers listed in VDI 2840 in group 2. DLC layers consist essentially of carbon, which is bound in sp2 and / or sp3 bonds, whereby the binding character essentially determines the properties of the layer. An amorphous hydrogen-containing metal-free DLC layer (aC: H) has proved particularly advantageous in which both types of bonding are present in a ratio of 60-80: 20-40. The single figure shows schematically a component which has been produced by the process according to the invention and has a corresponding layer structure.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zur Beschichtung eines thermisch und tribologisch hoch beanspruchten Bauteils einer Brennkraftmaschine mit einer DLC-Schicht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zunächst auf das Bauteil mittels plasmaunterstützter, chemischer Gasphasenabscheidung eine erste DLC-Schicht aufgebracht wird, die die Funktion einer Haftvermittlerschicht übernimmt und danach eine weitere DLC-Schicht aufgebracht wird, die gegenüber der ersten DLC-Schicht steifer und härter und damit verschleißbeständig ist.1. A method for coating a thermally and tribologically highly stressed component of an internal combustion engine with a DLC layer, characterized in that initially on the component by means of plasma-assisted, chemical vapor deposition, a first DLC layer is applied, which takes over the function of a primer layer and then a Another DLC layer is applied, which is stiffer and harder compared to the first DLC layer and thus resistant to wear.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf diesem Schichtverbund eine weitere weiche dünne DLC-Einlaufschicht aufgebracht wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that on this layer composite another soft thin DLC inlet layer is applied.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Ü- bergang von der ersten auf die zweite Schicht in Stufen (Multi-Layer-Schicht) erfolgt.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the Ü-transition from the first to the second layer in stages (multi-layer layer) takes place.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der LJ- bergang von der ersten auf die zweite Schicht kontinuierlich (Gradienten-Schicht) erfolgt. 4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the LJ transition from the first to the second layer continuously (gradient layer) takes place.
PCT/EP2009/000635 2008-02-29 2009-01-30 Coating components of an internal combustion engine for reducing friction, wear, and adhesion tendency WO2009106201A1 (en)

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DE200810011921 DE102008011921A1 (en) 2008-02-29 2008-02-29 Coating of components of an internal combustion engine to reduce friction, wear and adhesion tendency
DE102008011921.0 2008-02-29

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DE102009046281B3 (en) * 2009-11-02 2010-11-25 Federal-Mogul Burscheid Gmbh Sliding element, in particular piston ring, and combination of a sliding element with a running partner
WO2014111294A1 (en) * 2013-01-21 2014-07-24 Federal-Mogul Burscheid Gmbh Sliding element, in particular a piston ring, having a coating
US9004465B2 (en) 2010-03-09 2015-04-14 Federal-Mogul Burscheid Gmbh Helical compression spring for an oil scraper ring of a piston in an internal combustion engine and method for coating a helical compression spring
WO2018041560A1 (en) * 2016-08-30 2018-03-08 Federal-Mogul Valvetrain Gmbh Low-wear valve cone piece

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BRPI1009955A2 (en) * 2010-12-27 2013-06-11 Whirlpool Sa piston - reciprocating compressor cylinder assembly
DE102013007146A1 (en) * 2013-04-25 2014-10-30 Oerlikon Trading Ag, Trübbach DLC coating with shrinkage layer
US9534291B2 (en) 2013-02-21 2017-01-03 Oerlikon Surface Solutions Ag, Pfäffikon DLC coating with run-in layer
DE102013002911A1 (en) 2013-02-21 2014-08-21 Oerlikon Trading Ag, Trübbach Decorative, deep black coating
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DE102009046281B3 (en) * 2009-11-02 2010-11-25 Federal-Mogul Burscheid Gmbh Sliding element, in particular piston ring, and combination of a sliding element with a running partner
WO2011051008A1 (en) 2009-11-02 2011-05-05 Federal-Mogul Burscheid Gmbh Sliding element, in particular piston ring, and combination of a sliding element with a mating running element
US10131988B2 (en) 2009-11-02 2018-11-20 Federal-Mogul Burscheid Gmbh Sliding element, in particular piston ring, and combination of a sliding element with a mating running element
US9004465B2 (en) 2010-03-09 2015-04-14 Federal-Mogul Burscheid Gmbh Helical compression spring for an oil scraper ring of a piston in an internal combustion engine and method for coating a helical compression spring
WO2014111294A1 (en) * 2013-01-21 2014-07-24 Federal-Mogul Burscheid Gmbh Sliding element, in particular a piston ring, having a coating
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WO2018041560A1 (en) * 2016-08-30 2018-03-08 Federal-Mogul Valvetrain Gmbh Low-wear valve cone piece

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EP2245210A1 (en) 2010-11-03

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