WO2009105978A1 - 一种路由器及路由器内管理控制的方法 - Google Patents

一种路由器及路由器内管理控制的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009105978A1
WO2009105978A1 PCT/CN2009/070440 CN2009070440W WO2009105978A1 WO 2009105978 A1 WO2009105978 A1 WO 2009105978A1 CN 2009070440 W CN2009070440 W CN 2009070440W WO 2009105978 A1 WO2009105978 A1 WO 2009105978A1
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Prior art keywords
logical forwarding
unit
control unit
information
forwarding unit
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PCT/CN2009/070440
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张冠聪
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2009105978A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009105978A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a Chinese patent application filed on February 28, 2008 by the Chinese Patent Office, the application number is 200810026518.7, and the invention name is "a method for management control in a router and a router". Priority is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
  • the present invention relates to the field of router technologies, and in particular, to a method for management control in a router and a router. Background technique
  • routers are used to connect different subnets to achieve path finding and forwarding.
  • the router is mainly divided into two parts: the control unit and the forwarding unit.
  • the control unit mainly performs routing, control, and signaling protocol functions, such as Routing Information Protocol (RIP), Open Shortest-Path First Interior Gateway Protocol (OSPF), and Resource Reservation Protocol ( The functions of protocols such as Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP).
  • the control unit is typically carried on one or more general purpose central processing units (CPUs).
  • the forwarding unit mainly provides a packet-by-packet or flow-by-flow forwarding function, and usually includes one or more interface boards, a physical interface, a forwarding table, an Access Control List (ACL), and a flow-by-stream quality of service (QoS) table. And other resources.
  • Forwarding and Control Element Separation is proposed in the prior art.
  • the forwarding unit and the control unit are mainly separated based on the protocol layer, and one control unit can manage one or more (or even hundreds) of forwarding units.
  • ForCES framework defines the interfaces between the control unit and the forwarding unit, these interfaces are standardized.
  • the current technology does not specifically describe how the control unit incorporates the forwarding unit into a control unit system.
  • the prior art also does not specifically describe how the interface between the control unit and the forwarding unit is implemented. Summary of the invention
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for management control in a router and a router. Solve the problem of controlling the control unit to control the forwarding unit.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a router, including: at least one logical forwarding unit, where the logical forwarding unit is configured to forward data;
  • control unit that establishes a connection with the logical forwarding unit through a standard interface, and performs data forwarding control on the logical forwarding unit by using the connection according to the stored registration information of the logical forwarding unit, where the registration information includes the logic Forwarding capability information of the forwarding unit, the standard interface is a universal 10 interface or/and a fast data channel.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for managing control in a router, where the forwarding unit controls the logical forwarding unit in the router, and the control unit establishes with the logical forwarding unit through a standard interface.
  • the standard interface is a universal 10 interface or/and a fast data channel, and the method includes:
  • the control unit obtains registration information of the logical forwarding unit, where the registration information includes forwarding capability information of the logical forwarding unit;
  • control unit performs data forwarding control on the logical forwarding unit by using the connection according to the obtained registration information. And provide a unified connection interface (General 10 (Input / Output) interface or / and fast data channel) to establish a connection between the logical forwarding unit and the control unit, so that the control unit can easily control and manage it.
  • a unified connection interface General 10 (Input / Output) interface or / and fast data channel
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the composition of an embodiment of a router in the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the composition of an embodiment of the logical forwarding unit of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the composition of an embodiment of the management module of Figure 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of a method for managing control in a router in the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a device list in the present invention
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a detailed structure of a router in the present invention
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing another detailed structural composition of a router in the present invention. detailed description
  • the router 1 includes: at least one logical forwarding unit 10, the logical forwarding unit 10 is configured to forward data; and the control unit 12 is configured to control the logical forwarding unit 10 to implement forwarding of the data; Unit 12 establishes a connection with the logical forwarding unit 10 via a universal 10 interface or/and a fast data channel.
  • the fast data channel may be a specially defined fast channel, FE (Forwarding Equipment, FE) Express.
  • FE Express channels are not part of the Universal 10 interface and can be physically implemented with relatively fast bearer channels such as Ethernet or other shared buses.
  • the FE Express channel consists of two parts, one of which is the control information channel, which is mainly used by the control unit to issue relevant control information, such as forwarding items and updating forwarding control information.
  • the other part is a data channel, which is mainly used by the control unit to send packets, and the logical forwarding unit sends local packets, error packets, and other control or signaling protocol packets.
  • the universal 10 interface and fast data channel can be used for the transmission of the above information at the same time, or can be used in a single router.
  • the universal 10 interface is mainly used when there is a large amount of data interaction in the router.
  • the fast data channel is mainly used when a large amount of data interaction is required.
  • one router may include multiple logical forwarding units, one management unit (or control unit) may manage one to multiple logical forwarding units, and one router may also include multiple management units at the same time.
  • one management unit or control unit
  • one router may also include multiple management units at the same time. The case of having only one control unit and one logical forwarding unit in 1 is described as an example.
  • the logical forwarding unit 10 may specifically include:
  • the chip module 100 is configured to implement a specific forwarding function.
  • the chip module may specifically include a physical port chip applied to forwarding, a forwarding chip (such as an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a network processor, etc.), a hardware such as a memory chip, and software for controlling and configuring the hardware.
  • a forwarding chip such as an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a network processor, etc.
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • a network processor etc.
  • software for controlling and configuring the hardware.
  • one or more of the chip modules may be included in one logical forwarding unit.
  • the management module 110 is configured to manage the state of the chip module 100. As shown in FIG. 3, the management module 110 may include: a first registration sub-module 1100, configured to register the chip module 100 to generate first registration information; and a synchronization sub-module 1101, configured to register a chip module. 100 for synchronization, including synchronization of chips inside the chip module 100 and synchronization between different chip modules; The test module 1102 is configured to detect the state of each chip module after each chip module 100 in the logical forwarding unit 10 completes synchronization, and generate a corresponding state detection result, where the detection result is normal or abnormal. .
  • the management module 110 may further include a second registration sub-module 1103.
  • the detection sub-module 1102 detects that the status to the specific chip module is normal, the second registration information is generated according to the first registration information, and The second registration information is sent to the control unit by the transceiver module 120.
  • the transceiver module 120 is connected to the chip module 100, the management module 110, and the control unit 12, and is configured to forward information data exchanged between the chip module 100, the management module 110, and the control unit 12. .
  • the transceiver module 120 may further include: a receiving module, configured to receive control information sent by the control unit 12 and/or other data information except the control information, and send the received information to Management module 110 or chip module 100;
  • a sending module configured to send data information from the chip module 100 and/or the management module 110 to the control unit 12.
  • the logical forwarding unit includes two FE physical port chips, two Gigabit Ethernet (GE) physical port chips and optical module interfaces, one XSCALE 2400 network processor chip, and one general-purpose processor CPU.
  • GE Gigabit Ethernet
  • the chip (or memory, processor, etc.), the corresponding driver, and the control software form the chip module of the logical forwarding unit.
  • the chip module may be in one-to-one correspondence with various chips, for example, it is assumed that the chip module A corresponds to a random memory, a random memory driver and a control software.
  • the chip module can also be a plurality of chips, for example, the chip module B corresponds to two FE physical port chips, and the driving and control software thereof is integrated.
  • each hardware of the logical forwarding unit such as an FE chip, a GE chip, and a ROM chip, may be combined and registered to the control unit. Realize simultaneous management of multiple hardware by the control unit.
  • the logical forwarding unit itself has a management module that maintains the various hardware belonging to the logical forwarding unit. This management module can run in a general purpose CPU.
  • the logical forwarding unit unifies the input and output functions of the specific interfaces into externally provided transceiver modules, and provides a unified interface and data interaction with the control unit.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart diagram of an embodiment of a method for management control in a router in the present invention. The method includes:
  • the logical forwarding unit registers (register) with the control unit.
  • the registration process specifically includes: al.
  • the control unit in the router obtains the forwarding capability attribute of the logical forwarding unit through the universal 10 interface or / and the fast data channel, and saves.
  • the control unit obtains the device identifier of the logical forwarding unit and saves it. Typically, the control logical forwarding unit generates a device identification and passes it back to the logical forwarding unit. The control unit generates and maintains a list of devices that record the status of each device in the router, including the identifier of the logical forwarding unit and its corresponding forwarding capability attribute, as shown in FIG.
  • forwarding unit 1 with Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) tunnel encapsulation decapsulation forwarding capability
  • forwarding unit 2 Netstream sampling capability
  • forwarding unit 3 Forwarding capability such as IP forwarding, MPLS forwarding, and L2VPN services.
  • GRE Generic Routing Encapsulation
  • flash is a rewritable storage device that loses power and loses data.
  • Hard disk is a hard disk device
  • Card is a daughter card containing physical port chips such as Ethernet and Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM).
  • ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode
  • control unit obtains the data packet to be forwarded, by looking up the device list, it can be known that the logical forwarding unit can be used for corresponding forwarding.
  • LFE logical forwarding unit
  • LFE3 IP, MPLS, L2VPN up may also include before step al
  • Step a0 the logical forwarding unit is internally initialized.
  • the logical forwarding unit includes two FE physical port chips, two GE physical port chips and an optical module interface, one XSCALE 2400 network processor chip, one general-purpose processor CPU, and one ROM.
  • 2 DRAMs and 1 Hardware such as logic processing chip, including drivers for reading and writing and controlling these hardware, such as FE chip driver, GE chip driver, ROM driver, etc. It also includes forwarding control software, such as IP forwarding software, MPLS forwarding software, L2VPN service forwarding. software.
  • each hardware of the logical forwarding unit such as a FE chip, a GE chip, and a ROM chip, may be combined and registered to the control unit. Realize simultaneous management of multiple hardware by the control unit.
  • the logical forwarding unit itself has a management module that maintains the various hardware belonging to the logical forwarding unit. This management module can be run in a general purpose CPU.
  • the logical forwarding unit has a unified externally provided transceiver module and control unit interface.
  • the general-purpose CPU After the general-purpose CPU is started, other hardware drivers and forwarding software will be loaded from the ROM chip. These hardware drivers then initialize the various hardware and register them to the device management in the general purpose CPU.
  • the XSCALE 2400 network processor is then also started by the general purpose CPU. After the XSCALE 2400 is synchronized with other hardware, the IP forwarding software, MPLS forwarding software, and L2VPN service forwarding software are loaded. After the loading is successful, the general-purpose CPU is advertised. The general-purpose CPU checks the loading and starting states of various hardware and software again.
  • the forwarding capability identifiers such as IP forwarding, MPLS forwarding, and L2VPN service forwarding are constructed to the forwarding capability attribute structure, and the registration request is sent to the control unit.
  • the control unit may obtain a forwarding capability attribute of the logical forwarding unit.
  • the device identifier is allocated to the logical forwarding unit (step a2) to complete the registration process:
  • Int DeviceRegisterCallback (device name, device attribute structure) /* Description: Assign device ID to logical forwarding unit */ Analyze device attribute structure;
  • the logical forwarding unit "LFE3" exists in the device list of the control unit, and the forwarding capability attributes of the corresponding forwarding unit 3 are stored - IP, MPLS, L2VPN.
  • control unit can easily learn the forwarding capability of the forwarding unit from the attributes of the logical forwarding unit through the device list.
  • the control unit performs corresponding control on the logical forwarding unit by using a universal 10 interface or/and a fast data channel according to the forwarding capability attribute and the device identifier.
  • the performing the corresponding control includes sending, by the write unit, the control information and the data information to the logical forwarding unit by means of a write.
  • a write Such as:
  • Program 1 ( 1 /* Description: This program sends control information to the logical forwarding unit through write mode. And data information * / set open tag openflags;
  • LFEfd open ( "LFE1", openflags, openmode ); /* Description: Open the logical forwarding unit named "LFE1" and get the logical forwarding unit handle */
  • Ioctrl ( LFEfd , GRETUNNEL , feCtrl ) ; /* Description: Set the access content of the logical forwarding unit */
  • control Construct the pbuffer content, control the message, manage the message, or send the message; write ( LFEfd , pbuffer, 128 ); /* Description, write the contents of the pbuffer to the logical forwarding unit */
  • the control further includes each program of the control unit querying various types of information of the logical forwarding unit through the read mode, such as:
  • Program 2 sets the open flag openflags
  • LFEfd open ( "LFE1", openflags, openmode ); /* Description: Open the logical forwarding unit named "LFE1" and get the logical forwarding unit handle */
  • Ioctrl ( LFEfd , GRETUNNEL , feCtrl ) ; /* Description: Set the access content of the logical forwarding unit */
  • the logical forwarding unit can also notify the control unit of the local occurrence in the notify event. Class status and events.
  • the control unit performs corresponding event processing according to the above notification. For example, the logical forwarding unit informs the control unit that the local message or other message needs to be sent by the notify event.
  • the unit mobilizes the previously registered local message event processing function, analyzes the local message in the function, and sends the message to the corresponding module of the control unit for further analysis and processing.
  • the specific procedures are as follows:
  • g_lfeid is the logical forwarding unit ID obtained when registering with LFE.
  • the event type is sent by local packet, sent by error packet, port up, port down, etc. */ notify (gjfeid , event structure);
  • the method before the logical forwarding unit sends the registration information to the control unit, the method further includes: the logical forwarding unit registering the plurality of chip modules of the unit to generate the first registration information; and synchronizing the plurality of registered chip modules;
  • each chip module in the logical forwarding unit completes synchronization, the state of each chip module is detected, and a corresponding state detection result is generated, and the state detection result is normal or abnormal;
  • the second registration information may be sent by using a notify event.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the composition of a second embodiment of the router of the present invention.
  • the logical forwarding unit and the control unit exchange the above write, read, notify and register information through the universal 10 interface.
  • the write and read information may be processed by a corresponding control module in the control unit, and the notify and register information are processed by the device management module of the management device list.
  • notify and register information are still transmitted through the universal 10 interface due to the small amount of notify and register information, but other information is transmitted by the FE Express channel which can perform a large amount of data fast transmission.
  • the logical forwarding unit is used instead of the existing forwarding unit to complete the forwarding function, and the logical forwarding unit is provided as an independent whole to the control unit for management control, completely solving the problem of how the control unit manages the forwarding unit. problem.
  • the channel and specific commands for information interaction between the control unit and the logical forwarding unit are defined, and the management unit manages the logical forwarding unit.

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Description

一种路由器及路由器内管理控制的方法 本申请要求于 2008年 2月 28日提交中国专利局、申请号为 200810026518.7、 发明名称为 "一种路由器及路由器内管理控制的方法" 的中国专利申请的优先 权, 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域
本发明涉及路由器技术领域, 尤其涉及一种路由器及路由器内管理控制的 方法。 背景技术
在网络中路由器用来连接不同的子网, 实现寻径和转发。 路由器主要分为 两个部分: 控制单元和转发单元。 控制单元主要完成路由、 控制和信令协议的 功能, 如路由信息协议(Routing Information Protocol, RIP ), 开放式最短路径 优先协议 ( Open Shortest-Path First Interior Gateway Protocol, OSPF )和资源预 留协议(Resource Reservation Protocol, RSVP )等协议的功能。 该控制单元通常 承载在一个或多个通用中央处理器(Central Processing Unit, CPU )上。 转发单 元主要提供逐包或逐流转发功能, 通常包括一块或多块接口板的物理接口、 转 发表、 访问控制列表(Access Control List, ACL ), 逐流服务质量(Quality of Service, QoS )表等资源。
传统的路由器中, 控制单元和转发单元紧紧的耦合在一起, 不利于适应不 断扩张的互联网对路由器的要求。 因此, 现有技术中提出了转发与控制分离框 架 转发与控制分离 ( Forwarding and Control Element Separation , ForCES )。 在 ForCES框架中主要是基于协议层分离转发单元和控制单元,一个控制单元可 以管理一个或多个(甚至上百个)转发单元。
在实现本发明过程中, 发明人发现现有技术至少存在如下问题:
虽然 ForCES框架定义了控制单元和转发单元之间的接口,并把这些接口标 准化。 但是, 现在技术并没有具体描述控制单元如何把转发单元纳入一个控制 单元体系中管理。 现有技术也没有具体描述控制单元与转发单元之间的接口是 如何实现的。 发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种路由器和路由器内管理控制的方法。 解决控制单元 控制管理转发单元的问题。
为了解决上述技术问题, 一方面, 本发明的实施例提供了一种路由器, 包 括: 至少一个逻辑转发单元, 所述逻辑转发单元用于转发数据;
控制单元, 通过标准接口与所述逻辑转发单元建立连接, 并根据存储的所 述逻辑转发单元的注册信息通过所述连接对所述逻辑转发单元进行数据转发控 制, 所述注册信息包括所述逻辑转发单元的转发能力信息, 所述标准接口为通 用 10接口或 /和快速数据通道。
另一方面, 本发明的实施例还提供了一种路由器内管理控制的方法, 用于 所述路由器中转发单元对逻辑转发单元的控制, 所述控制单元通过标准接口与 所述逻辑转发单元建立连接, 所述标准接口为通用 10接口或 /和快速数据通道, 所述方法包括:
所述控制单元获得逻辑转发单元的注册信息, 所述注册信息包括所述逻辑 转发单元的转发能力信息;
所述控制单元根据所述获得的注册信息通过所述连接对所述逻辑转发单元 进行数据转发控制。 并向上提供统一的连接接口 (通用 10 ( Input/Output )接口或 /和快速数据通道) 建立逻辑转发单元与控制单元间的连接, 使得控制单元可以方便的对其进行控 制和管理。 附图说明
图 1是本发明中路由器的一个实施例的组成示意图;
图 2是图 1中的逻辑转发单元的一个实施例的组成示意图;
图 3是图 2中的管理模块的一个实施例的组成示意图;
图 4是本发明中路由器内管理控制的方法的一个实施例的流程示意图; 图 5是本发明中的设备列表的一个实施例的示意图;
图 6是本发明中路由器的一个详细的结构组成示意图; 图 7是本发明中路由器的另一个详细的结构组成示意图。 具体实施方式
下面参考附图对本发明的实施例进行描述。 参见图 1 , 为本发明中一种路由 器的一个实施例的组成示意图。 所述路由器 1包括: 至少一个逻辑转发单元 10, 所述逻辑转发单元 10用于转发数据; 控制单元 12, 用于对所述逻辑转发单元 10进行控制以实现所述数据的转发; 所述控制单元 12通过通用 10接口或 /和快 速数据通道建立与所述逻辑转发单元 10的连接。
其中, 所述快速数据通道可为专门定义的快速通道—— FE ( Forwarding Equipment, FE ) Express。 FE Express通道不属于通用 10接口, 物理实现时 可采用比较快速的承载通道,如以太网或其他共享总线。 FE Express通道包含两 个部分, 一部分为控制信息通道, 主要用于控制单元下发相关控制信息, 如转 发表项、 更新转发控制信息等。 另一部分为数据通道, 主要用于控制单元下发 报文, 逻辑转发单元上送本地报文、 错误报文以及其他控制或信令协议报文。
所述通用 10接口和快速数据通道可以同时用于上述信息的传输, 也可以单 独在一个路由器中使用。 通用 10接口主要用于当路由器内不要进行大量数据交 互的情况, 快速数据通道主要用于需要进行大量数据交互的情况。
在本发明的实施例中, 一个路由器可以包括多个逻辑转发单元, 一个管理 单元(或称控制单元)可以管理一个到多个逻辑转发单元, 一个路由器中也可 以同时包括多个管理单元, 图 1 中仅以具有一个控制单元和一个逻辑转发单元 的情况为例进行描述。
其中, 如图 2所示, 所述逻辑转发单元 10具体可包括:
芯片模块 100, 用于实现具体的转发功能。 芯片模块具体可包括应用于转发 的物理端口芯片、 转发芯片 (如专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC )、 网络处理器等)、 存储器芯片等硬件以及用于控制和配置这些 硬件的软件。 其中, 在一个逻辑转发单元内可以包括一个或多个所述芯片模块。
管理模块 110, 用于对所述芯片模块 100的状态进行管理。 如图 3所示, 管 理模块 110具体可包括: 第一注册子模块 1100, 用于对所述芯片模块 100进行 注册, 生成第一注册信息; 同步子模块 1101 , 用于对已注册的芯片模块 100进 行同步, 包括芯片模块 100 内部的芯片的同步和不同芯片模块之间的同步; 检 测子模块 1102,用于当逻辑转发单元 10内的各芯片模块 100均完成同步后检测 各芯片模块的状态,生成相应的状态检测结果,所述检测结果为正常或不正常。。
所述管理模块 110还可进一步包括第二注册子模块 1103, 当所述检测子模 块 1102检测结果为到特定芯片模块的状态为正常时, 根据所述第一注册信息生 成第二注册信息, 并通过所述收发模块 120 向所述控制单元发送所述第二注册 信息。
收发模块 120, 与所述芯片模块 100、 管理模块 110以及控制单元 12相连, 用于转发所述芯片模块 100、管理模块 110以及控制单元 12间交互的信息数据。。
其中, 所述收发模块 120可进一步包括: 接收模块, 用于接收控制单元 12 下发的控制信息和 /或除所述控制信息之外的其他数据信息, 并将所述接收到的 信息发送至管理模块 110或芯片模块 100;
发送模块, 用于将来自所述芯片模块 100和 /或所述管理模块 110的数据信 息发送给所述控制单元 12。比如,假设逻辑转发单元包含 2个 FE物理端口芯片、 2 个千兆位以太网 (Gigabit Ethenet, GE )物理端口芯片及光模块接口、 1 个 XSCALE 2400 网络处理器芯片、 1个通用处理器 CPU、 1个只读存储器(Read Only Memory, ROM )、 2个动态随机存储器 ( Dynamic Random Access Memory, DRAM )和 1个逻辑处理芯片等硬件, 同时包含了读写和控制这些硬件的驱动, 如 FE芯片驱动、 GE芯片驱动、 ROM驱动等, 还包含了转发控制软件, 如 IP 转发软件, 多协议标签交换(Multi-Protocol Label Switching, MPLS )转发软件, L2虚拟专用网络(L2- Virtual Private Network, L2VPN )业务处理软件。 则上述 芯片 (或存储器、 处理器等)、 相应的驱动以及控制软件构成了逻辑转发单元的 芯片模块。 其中芯片模块可以是与各种芯片一一对应, 如假设芯片模块 A对应 随机存储器、 随机存储器的驱动和控制软件构成的一个整体。 芯片模块也可以 是对应多个芯片,如芯片模块 B对应 2个 FE物理端口芯片、其驱动和控制软件 组成的一个整体。
在本发明实施例中,逻辑转发单元的各个硬件,如 FE芯片, GE芯片, ROM 芯片可合并注册到控制单元。 实现控制单元对多个硬件的同时管理。 逻辑转发 单元本身具有管理模块, 维护着属于逻辑转发单元的各个硬件。 这个管理模块 可运行在通用 CPU中。 同时逻辑转发单元将具体的各个接口的输入输出功能统 一成对外提供的收发模块, 对外提供统一的接口并与控制单元进行数据交互。 如图 4所示, 为本发明中路由器内管理控制的方法的一个实施例的流程示 意图。 所述方法包括:
401、 逻辑转发单元向控制单元进行注册(register )。 该注册过程具体包括: al、路由器中的控制单元通过通用 10接口或 /和快速数据通道获得逻辑转发 单元的转发能力属性, 并保存。
a2、 控制单元获得所述逻辑转发单元的设备标识, 并保存。 通常, 当控制 逻辑转发单元生成一个设备标识, 并回传给逻辑转发单元。 控制单元生成并维 护记录了路由器内各设备情况的设备列表, 其中包括有逻辑转发单元的标识和 其对应的转发能力属性, 如图 5所示。
在图 5 中的设备列表中可以看到三个具有不同转发能力的逻辑转发单元, 分别是: 转发单元 1 : 具备通用路由封装(Generic Routing Encapsulation, GRE ) 隧道封装解封装的转发能力;转发单元 2:具备 netstream采样能力;转发单元 3: 具备 IP转发、 MPLS转发、 L2VPN业务等的转发能力。 图中 flash为一种可擦 写的掉电不丟失数据的存储设备, Hard disk为硬盘设备, Card为包含了以太、 异步传输模式( Asynchronous Transfer Mode, ATM )等物理端口芯片的子卡。
这样, 控制单元获得数据包需要转发时, 通过查找该设备列表就可以知道, 当前可以使用那个 /些逻辑转发单元进行相应的转发。
同时, 也可以通过设备管理界面查看各逻辑转发单元(Logical Forwarding Equipment, LFE ) 的青况, 如:
[Devices] ->show LFE all
名字 属性 状态
LFE1 GRE up
LFE2 NETSTREAM up
LFE3 IP, MPLS, L2VPN up 在步骤 al之前, 还可包括
步骤 a0、 逻辑转发单元内部初始化。 如, 在一实施例中假设逻辑转发单元 包含两个 FE物理端口芯片、 2个 GE物理端口芯片及光模块接口、 1个 XSCALE 2400 网络处理器芯片、 1个通用处理器 CPU、 1个 ROM、 2个 DRAM和 1个 逻辑处理芯片等硬件,同时包含了读写和控制这些硬件的驱动,如 FE芯片驱动、 GE芯片驱动、 ROM驱动等, 还包含了转发控制软件, 如 IP转发软件, MPLS 转发软件, L2VPN业务转发软件。
在本发明实施例中,逻辑转发单元的各个硬件,如 FE芯片, GE芯片, ROM 芯片可合并注册到控制单元。 实现控制单元对多个硬件的同时管理。 逻辑转发 单元本身具有管理模块, 维护着属于逻辑转发单元的各个硬件。 这个管理模块 可运行在通用 CPU中。 同时逻辑转发单元具有统一对外提供的收发模块与控制 单元接口。
通用 CPU启动后, 会从 ROM芯片中加载其他硬件驱动及转发软件。 而后 这些硬件驱动分别初始化各类硬件, 并注册到通用 CPU 中的设备管理。 接着 XSCALE 2400网络处理器也被通用 CPU启动。 XSCALE 2400和其他硬件同步 后, 加载 IP转发软件, MPLS转发软件, L2VPN业务转发软件等, 加载成功后 通告通用 CPU。 通用 CPU再次检查各类硬件及软件加载及启动状态, 所有状态 都 OK之后, 则将 IP转发、 MPLS转发、 L2VPN业务转发等转发能力标识构造 到转发能力属性结构, 向控制单元发注册请求, 则控制单元可以获得所述逻辑 转发单元的转发能力属性。
上述注册过程 al用程序表述如下:
int LFERegister( "LFE3" , 转发能力属性结构) /* 说明: 注册 LFE3*/ retVal = register ( "LFE3 " , 转发能力属性结构, 逻辑转发单元, &g_lfeid ) ; /* 说明:携带转发能力属性以逻辑转发单元方式注册到控制单元, 这个函数需要等待控制单元返回逻辑转发单元 ID, 存放到 gjfeid变量中 */ if(OK == retVal ) /* 说明: 如果注册成功则返回成功标识, 否则, 注册 失败则返回失败标识 */ 返回成功标只 else 返回失败标识 而在控制单元中, 存在如下注册回调程序, 在获得逻辑转发单元的转发能 力属性后为逻辑转发单元分配设备标识(步骤 a2 ), 以完成整个注册过程:
int DeviceRegisterCallback (设备名, 设备属性结构)/* 说明: 为逻辑转发单 元分配设备标识 */ 分析设备属性结构;
if (是逻辑转发单元? ) 获取并解析转发能力属性; else 获取并解析设备属性; 分配设备 ID及设备;
记录设备名及属性到设备列表。
返回设备 ID并返回 OK。 通过这样的一个注册过程, 控制单元的设备列表中就存在了" LFE3"这个逻 辑转发单元,并保存了对应的转发单元 3的转发能力属性—— IP, MPLS , L2VPN。
其他转发单元也同样注册后, 通过设备列表, 控制单元可以很容易从逻辑 转发单元的属性中获知转发单元的转发能力。
402、 控制单元根据所述转发能力属性和设备标识通过通用 10接口或 /和快 速数据通道对所述逻辑转发单元进行相应的控制。
其中, 所述进行相应的控制包括控制单元的各个程序通过 write的方式给逻 辑转发单元下发控制信息以及数据信息。 如:
程序 1(...) /* 说明: 本程序通过 write方式给逻辑转发单元下发控制信息以 及数据信息 */ 设置打开标记 openflags;
设置打开模式 openmode;
LFEfd = open ( "LFE1", openflags, openmode ); /* 说明: 打开名为 "LFE1" 的逻辑转发单元, 获取逻辑转发单元句柄 */
设置控制参数 feCtrl;
ioctrl ( LFEfd , GRETUNNEL, feCtrl ) ; /* 说明: 设置逻辑转发单元 的访问内容 */
构造 pbuffer内容, 可以时控制消息, 管理消息, 也可以是待发送报文; write ( LFEfd , pbuffer, 128 ); /* 说明, 将 pbuffer的内容写到逻辑转 发单元中 */ 所述进行相应的控制还包括控制单元的各个程序通过 read方式查询逻辑转 发单元的各类信息, 如:
程序 2(...) 设置打开标记 openflags;
设置打开模式 openmode;
LFEfd = open ( "LFE1", openflags, openmode ); /* 说明: 打开名为 "LFE1" 的逻辑转发单元, 获取逻辑转发单元句柄 */
设置控制参数 feCtrl;
ioctrl ( LFEfd , GRETUNNEL, feCtrl ) ; /*说明: 设置逻辑转发单元 的访问内容 */
read ( LFEfd , pbuffer, 128 ); /* 说明: 读取相应信息到 pbuffer中 */ 对读取的内容进行分析处理; 同时,逻辑转发单元还可以以 notify事件的方式通知控制单元本地发生的各 类状态及事件。 控制单元则根据上述通知进行相应的事件处理。 比如, 逻辑转 发单元以 notify事件的方式告知控制单元有本地报文或其他报文需要上送,控制 单元收到该事件后调动原先注册的本地报文事件处理函数, 在该函数中分析本 地报文, 并将报文送到控制单元的相应模块进行进一步分析处理。 具体程序如 下:
1、 在逻辑转发单元中的程序如下:
int LFENotify(g_lfeid, 事件类型) /*说明: g_lfeid为 LFE注册时获取的逻辑 转发单元 ID, 事件类型有本地报文上送, 错误报文上送, 端口 up, 端口 down 等 */ notify (gjfeid, 事件结构);
2、 在控制单元中的相应程序如下:
int LFENotifyCallback (逻辑转发单元 ID, 事件类型) switch (事件类型) case 本地报文上送事件:
调用本地 文接收并处理程序。
break;
case错误报文上送事件:
调用错误报文接收并处理程序。
break;
case 端口 up事件:
通知接口管理模块。
break;
case 端口 down事件:
通知接口管理模块。
break;
/* 其他事件处理 */
default:
break; 同样, 逻辑转发单元的端口 up/down事件、 某个队列满、 计数器达到门限 等事件也可以采用上述 notify事件的方式进行处理。
具体实现中, 在逻辑转发单元向控制单元发送注册信息前还包括: 逻辑转发单元对本单元的多个芯片模块进行注册, 生成第一注册信息; 同步所述已注册的多个芯片模块;
当逻辑转发单元内的各芯片模块均完成同步后检测各芯片模块的状态, 生 成相应的状态检测结果, 所述状态检测结果为正常或不正常;
当检测到特定芯片模块的状态为正常时, 根据所述第一注册信息生成第二 注册信息, 并向所述控制单元发送所述第二注册信息, 所述第二注册信息包括 所述逻辑转发单元的转发能力信息。所述第二注册信息可采用 notify事件的方式 发送。
如图 6所示, 为本发明路由器的第二实施例的组成示意图。 结合上述方法 的描述可知, 在本实施例中, 逻辑转发单元和控制单元之间通过通用 10接口交 互上述的 write, read, notify及 register信息。 其中, write及 read信息可以是控 制单元中的相应控制模块进行处理, notify和 register信息则由管理设备列表的 设备管理模块进行处理。
类似的, 参考图 7 , 其中, 由于 notify和 register信息数据量较少, notify和 register信息仍通过通用 10接口进行传输,但对于其他信息则由可以进行大量数 据快速传输的 FE Express通道进行传输。
在本发明采用的实施例中, 用逻辑转发单元代替了现有的转发单元完成转 发功能, 逻辑转发单元作为一个独立的整体提供给控制单元进行管理控制, 彻 底解决了控制单元如何管理转发单元的问题。 同时, 还定义了控制单元和逻辑 转发单元之间信息交互的通道和具体的命令, 进一步明确了控制单元对逻辑转 发单元的管理方式。
以上所揭露的仅为本发明较佳实施例而已, 当然不能以此来限定本发明之 权利范围, 因此依本发明权利要求所作的等同变化, 仍属本发明所涵盖的范围。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种路由器, 其特征在于, 所述路由器包括:
至少一个逻辑转发单元, 所述逻辑转发单元用于转发数据;
控制单元, 通过标准接口与所述逻辑转发单元建立连接, 并根据存储的所 述逻辑转发单元的注册信息通过所述连接对所述逻辑转发单元进行数据转发控 制, 所述注册信息包括所述逻辑转发单元的转发能力信息, 所述标准接口为通 用 10接口或 /和快速数据通道。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的路由器, 其特征在于, 所述快速数据通道为以太网 或其它共享总线, 所述快速数据通道包括:
控制信息通道, 用于传输控制单元向逻辑转发单元下发的控制信息; 数据通道, 用于传输控制单元与逻辑转发单元间相互传输的除所述控制信 息之外的其他数据信息。
3、 如权利要求 1所述的路由器, 其特征在于, 所述逻辑转发单元包括: 至少一个芯片模块, 所述芯片模块用于进行数据的转发;
管理模块, 用于对所述芯片模块的状态进行管理;
收发模块, 与所述芯片模块、 管理模块以及控制单元相连, 用于转发所述 芯片模块、 管理模块与控制单元间交互的信息数据。
4、 如权利要求 3所述的路由器, 其特征在于, 所述管理模块包括: 第一注册子模块, 用于对所述芯片模块进行注册, 生成第一注册信息; 同步子模块, 用于对已注册的芯片模块进行同步;
检测子模块, 用于当逻辑转发单元内的各芯片模块均完成同步后检测各芯 片模块的状态, 生成相应的状态检测结果, 所述状态检测结果为正常或不正常。
5、 如权利要求 4所述的路由器, 其特征在于, 所述管理模块还包括: 第二 注册子模块, 用于当所述检测子模块检测到特定芯片模块的状态为正常时, 根 据所述第一注册信息生成第二注册信息, 并通过所述收发模块向所述控制单元 发送所述第二注册信息, 所述第二注册信息包括所述逻辑转发单元的转发能力 信息。
6、 如权利要求 3-5中任意一项所述的路由器, 其特征在于, 所述收发模块 包括:
接收模块, 用于接收控制单元下发的控制信息和 /或除所述控制信息之外的 其他数据信息, 并将所述接收到的信息发送至管理模块或芯片模块;
发送模块, 用于将来自所述芯片模块和 /或所述管理模块的数据信息发送给 所述控制单元。
7、 一种路由器内管理控制的方法, 用于所述路由器中控制单元对逻辑转发 单元的控制, 其特征在于, 所述控制单元通过标准接口与所述逻辑转发单元建 立连接, 所述标准接口为通用 10接口或 /和快速数据通道, 所述方法包括: 所述控制单元获得逻辑转发单元的注册信息, 所述注册信息包括所述逻辑 转发单元的转发能力信息;
所述控制单元根据所述获得的注册信息通过所述连接对所述逻辑转发单元 进行数据转发控制。
8、 如权利要求 7所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述快速数据通道为以太网或 其它共享总线, 用于传输路由器的控制单元向逻辑转发单元下发的控制信息, 以及用于传输控制单元和逻辑转发单元之间交互的除所述控制信息之外的其他 数据信息。
9、 如权利要求 7所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述控制单元获得逻辑转发单 元的注册信息包括:
所述控制单元从本地存储模块中获取逻辑转发单元的注册信息。
10、 如权利要求 7所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述控制单元获得逻辑转发 单元的注册信息包括:
所述控制单元接收并保存逻辑转发单元通过所述标准接口发送的注册信
11、 如权利要求 10所述的方法, 其特征在于, 在逻辑转发单元向控制单元 发送注册信息前还包括:
逻辑转发单元对本单元的多个芯片模块进行注册, 生成第一注册信息; 逻辑转发单元同步所述已注册的多个芯片模块;
当逻辑转发单元内的各芯片模块均完成同步后检测各芯片模块的状态, 逻 辑转发单元生成相应的状态检测结果, 所述状态检测结果为正常或不正常; 当检测到特定芯片模块的状态为正常时, 逻辑转发单元根据所述第一注册 信息生成第二注册信息, 并向所述控制单元发送所述第二注册信息。
12、 如权利要求 11所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述当检测到特定芯片模块 的状态为正常时, 根据所述第一注册信息生成第二注册信息, 并向所述控制单 元发送所述第二注册信息步骤中, 向所述控制单元发送所述第二注册信息时采 用通知 notify事件的方式。
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