WO2009101567A1 - Arrangement de communications sans fil, réseau et approche associés pour gérer un canal partagé parmi des systèmes sans fil différents - Google Patents

Arrangement de communications sans fil, réseau et approche associés pour gérer un canal partagé parmi des systèmes sans fil différents Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009101567A1
WO2009101567A1 PCT/IB2009/050512 IB2009050512W WO2009101567A1 WO 2009101567 A1 WO2009101567 A1 WO 2009101567A1 IB 2009050512 W IB2009050512 W IB 2009050512W WO 2009101567 A1 WO2009101567 A1 WO 2009101567A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
network
access point
wireless device
data
wireless
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Application number
PCT/IB2009/050512
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English (en)
Inventor
Olaf Hirsch
Parag Garg
Kumar Eswaramoorthy
David Alan Warren
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Nxp B.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Nxp B.V. filed Critical Nxp B.V.
Publication of WO2009101567A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009101567A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/12—Wireless traffic scheduling
    • H04W72/1215—Wireless traffic scheduling for collaboration of different radio technologies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/21—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the uplink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards the network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02—Terminal devices
    • H04W88/06—Terminal devices adapted for operation in multiple networks or having at least two operational modes, e.g. multi-mode terminals

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to communications and, more particularly, to communication methods and arrangements involving wireless networks operating on overlapping channels.
  • One type of electronic communications system involves wireless communications between devices.
  • An example of a wireless approach involves the use of IEEE 802.11 wireless protocols to transmit packet-based data between wireless devices.
  • a system that includes connections between two or more devices is often referred to as a network.
  • network devices communicate using wireless access points that make communications between the device and the network possible. These access points can be integral to or separate from the network devices.
  • a variety of devices can communicate over wireless networks.
  • a central processing unit (CPU) in a personal computer, hand-held device or media device can communicate with other devices in communication with the wireless network using a wireless transceiver.
  • Software applications running on the CPU communicate with the wireless transceiver using a communications BUS or other link.
  • the interface between software applications and wireless communications is often discussed in terms of protocol layers.
  • the low- level transmission level such as analog transmission circuitry, is sometimes referred to as the physical layer (PHY).
  • PHY physical layer
  • the PHY includes and/or is connected to an antenna for receiving wireless signals.
  • Driver and receiver circuitry transmits and receives signals carried on the antenna.
  • a wireless (or Wi-Fi) station is a device that can connect to one or more other STAs, or to a wireless access point (AP) to connect to a larger network.
  • an AP communicates with one or more STAs to communicatively link the STAs with each other and/or with a network such as a local area network (LAN) and, where so connected, with a larger network such as an Ethernet network and/or to the Internet.
  • LAN local area network
  • coexisting networks use a packet traffic arbitration (PTA) protocol that controls the respective communication of packets by each network.
  • PTA packet traffic arbitration
  • some devices operate over two different wireless communications systems using circuits that are both located on the device (i.e., the circuits are collocated).
  • PTA packet traffic arbitration
  • some devices operate over two different wireless communications systems using circuits that are both located on the device (i.e., the circuits are collocated).
  • transmissions can be undesirably suppressed.
  • a handheld device communicates on coexisting WLAN and Bluetooth networks using collocated communications circuits
  • communications on the Bluetooth circuit e.g., between the handheld device and a Bluetooth device
  • a collocated WLAN circuit e.g., between the handheld device and an AP
  • ACK acknowledgement
  • WLAN AP wireless network access points
  • ACK frames that are sent as a response to a frame from a WLAN AP.
  • Many wireless network access points use the rate of unacknowledged frames to decide whether the transmission rate for frames should be reduced or not.
  • the AP could wrongly conclude that the frame it sent was corrupted due to a noisy channel or weak signal, and retransmit the same frame at a lower data rate. This is undesirable because frames having lower data rate have a higher probability of being corrupted by the collocated Bluetooth device, making it even more likely that an access point would further reduce its data rate.
  • a wireless station schedules communications and communicates on first and second networks having overlapping signal channels and operating using different protocols.
  • the station sends communications control information to a device (e.g., a wireless access point) on the first network to control the device's communications with the station, in response to communications on the second network.
  • a device e.g., a wireless access point
  • a WLAN station schedules WLAN and Bluetooth communications with the device using collocated WLAN / Bluetooth control circuits and PTA (Packet traffic arbitration) protocols between the collocated control circuits.
  • the device schedules communications thereto by an access point via the WLAN so that frame transmissions by the access point fall into a Bluetooth quiet period.
  • This approach allows the collocated WLAN device to receive a frame sent by the access point and acknowledge its reception, making it less likely that the access point will lower its data rate due to failed transmissions or acknowledgement.
  • the WLAN station resets the access point data rate once it has reached a low data rate level.
  • packet- based communications are controlled for use with wireless devices over wireless networks having overlapping signal channels.
  • Communications are controlled by a wireless device that communicates on overlapping channels of first and second ones of the wireless networks, by communicating data to effect the scheduling of communications on a second one of the networks during a quiet period on a first one of the networks.
  • a quiet period is determined during which communications with the wireless device over the first network are not expected.
  • the wireless device selectively transmits a data request over the second network to a wireless access point to control the access point to send data to the wireless device during the quiet period.
  • the wireless access point responds to the data request by transmitting data to the wireless device over the second network during the quiet period.
  • FIG. 1 shows a wireless network environment involving different wireless networks communicating over a shared wireless channel, according to an example embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a flow diagram for wireless communications, according to another example embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows another flow diagram for wireless communications, according to another example embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows another flow diagram for wireless communications, according to another example embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention is believed to be applicable to a variety of circuits and approaches involving electronic communications, and in particular to those involving wireless communications over different coexisting networks. While the present invention is not necessarily limited to such applications, an appreciation of various aspects of the invention is gained through a discussion of examples in such an environment.
  • a wireless device operating on coexisting wireless networks schedules wireless communications from a wireless access point to the device over one of the networks.
  • communications with a particular device on one network can be scheduled relative to communications with the device on another network.
  • a wireless device operating on a wireless local-area network (WLAN) and a collocated Bluetooth network controls throughput on the WLAN, where both networks use PTA (Packet traffic arbitration) to schedule transmissions.
  • the wireless device sends scheduling information to a wireless access point operating on the WLAN for scheduling transmissions (e.g., from the access point to the wireless device), in response to Bluetooth communications with the wireless device.
  • PTA Packet traffic arbitration
  • the wireless device schedules transmissions from the wireless access point to occur during a Bluetooth quiet period. This allows the wireless device to receive frames sent by the access point and to send an acknowledgement of the reception to the access point. This approach can mitigate or eliminate any need for the access point to lower its data rate.
  • the wireless device monitors the transmission rate of the wireless access point and issues a reset to the wireless access point when the transmission rate falls to a particular threshold. For instance, an access point may reduce its transmission rate in response to failed transmissions to the wireless device (e.g., the lack of receipt of an ACK signal as discussed above). This reduction may result from ongoing Bluetooth communications interrupting the ability of the wireless device to generate an ACK signal. In this regard, the wireless device issues a reset to instruct the access point to increase its transmission rate (e.g., after the conclusion of a Bluetooth transmission) when the wireless device is ready to receive transmissions and, further, to receive those transmissions at a high transmission rate.
  • a reset to instruct the access point to increase its transmission rate (e.g., after the conclusion of a Bluetooth transmission) when the wireless device is ready to receive transmissions and, further, to receive those transmissions at a high transmission rate.
  • FIG. 1 shows a wireless network environment 100 involving different wireless networks communicating over a shared wireless channel, according to another example embodiment of the present invention.
  • the arrangement 100 includes various devices operating in accordance with one or both of overlapping WLAN and Bluetooth wireless channels, including channels 110, 112, 120, 130, 140 and 142.
  • these channels operate in a portion of a particular range (e.g., between 2400MHz-2499MHz for 2.4GHz communications), with channels 120, 140 and 142 shown operating at overlapping frequencies by way of example.
  • FIG. 1 shows example devices, including a Bluetooth headset 150, a mobile handset 160 and a wireless access point 170, the latter of which is connected to an Ethernet network.
  • the Bluetooth headset 150 communicates with the mobile handset 160 over a Bluetooth network channel.
  • the wireless access point 170 communicates with the mobile handset 160 over a WLAN channel. Accordingly, the mobile handset 160 communicates over both a Bluetooth network channel (in communicating with the headset 150) and a WLAN channel (in communicating with the wireless access point 170).
  • This scenario involving the mobile handset 160 is applicable, for example, to a mobile handset 160 such as a mobile telephone, media device or other device that communicates with local WLANs for accessing local networks and/or the Internet, and also communicates locally with accessory devices such as the headset 150.
  • the handset 160 includes collocated Bluetooth and WLAN network circuits that respectively control and facilitate communications on Bluetooth and WLAN networks operating on overlapping signal channels.
  • the Bluetooth and WLAN circuits communicate data with one another (e.g., over coexistence control lines), and that communicated data is used to schedule use of the overlapping channel, or medium.
  • the mobile handset 160 uses information from the collocated network circuits to control the respective operation of the device on both networks and, as consistent with the following discussion, can use the information to effect control of other devices operating on the networks, such as an access point operating on the WLAN.
  • Various example embodiments of the present invention including those described above and with figures 2-4 are applicable to communications with the devices such as the headset, handset and access point 150, 160 and 170, where one or more of the devices is programmed to carry out scheduled communication functions in accordance with an example embodiment.
  • the wireless handset 160 is programmed to communicate information to the access point 170 that characterizes scheduled Bluetooth communications between the handset 160 and the headset 150.
  • the access point 170 is programmed to use this information to schedule transmissions with the handset 160, to mitigate potential collisions or data corruption that can occur when data is communicated simultaneously with the handset on both the WLAN and Bluetooth networks. This also allows the handset 160 to communicate an acknowledgement to the access point 170 for communications received therefrom.
  • FIG. 2 characterizes various embodiments of the present invention, and may be applicable for implementation with one or more devices and environments such as those shown in FIG. 1 and discussed above. These embodiments are discussed in connection with a network environment including a Bluetooth network and a WLAN network, with certain nomenclature relating to the relevant standards. However, the approaches described herein may be generally applicable to use with a variety of different network types.
  • a wireless device when operating in a power save mode, sends power-save poll (PS-Poll) frames to an access point (AP) in a WLAN environment to request pending frames from the AP.
  • PS-Poll power-save poll
  • the STA schedules the PS-Poll with the AP so that the response from the AP will fall into a time that the STA has the communications medium over which the PS-Poll is to be sent (e.g., during a quite period as discussed above, where the STA is not communicating with other Bluetooth devices on an overlapping channel).
  • the STA has a particularly limited amount of time during which it can communicate with an AP. For instance, during certain link conditions, the STA has as little as 2.5ms to send out a PS-Poll and receive the pending frame. For communications sequences taking about 1732 ⁇ s, about 768 ⁇ s can be available for backoffs and frame retrieval in the AP. Due to the relatively small amount for backoff and frame retrieval, the PS-Poll is scheduled to reduce the chance that the retrieved frame cannot be acknowledged. In some embodiments, the PS-Poll is scheduled directly after the falling edge of a Bluetooth priority indicator (PRI) signal with a backoff counter set to one slot.
  • PRI Bluetooth priority indicator
  • PS-Poll is not sent. If the current NAV setting cannot be used, a WLAN receive indicator (RXIND) signal is checked to verify that the medium is currently busy. In some applications, PS-Polls and acknowledges (ACK) are sent at a PHY rate of about HMbps.
  • Bluetooth packets and a chosen value of a duration variable give the time the STA has the medium before Bluetooth forces the medium back through PRI access. Both values are unknown to the STA.
  • the minimum time is given by a DM I/DM 1 link with its NBF variable set to 2. This leads to a time of about 2.5ms, a default case for an NFC of about 4 or 5 ms.
  • the number of PS-Polls to be sent depends upon the PHY rate from the AP. In some applications, two PS-Polls are sent when using a rate of 1 IMbps, and one PS-Poll is sent in all other cases.
  • the STA keeps the wireless LAN arbitration signal (WL) low for a short period (e.g., 625 ⁇ s) to allow Bluetooth to acquire the medium. After this time, devices on the WLAN can reacquire the medium and send out additional polls.
  • WL wireless LAN arbitration signal
  • the STA is programmed to detect the type of link (e.g., a synchronous connection oriented link (SCO) or an ACL) implemented with Bluetooth-based devices that the STA is communicating with.
  • the STA uses the detected link type to control its communications approaches, with several examples discussed in the following paragraphs.
  • BT Bluetooth
  • the Bluetooth (BT) signal rises with the PRI signal and stays high for about 625 ⁇ s. If a Bluetooth device is a slave, the BT signal falls together with the PRI signal and is not set for the first 625 ⁇ s.
  • the BT line is raised about every 1.25ms for a short period (e.g., 300 ⁇ s).
  • the PRI line is raised about every 3.75ms and stays high for about 1.25ms, and the sequence is disturbed by Bluetooth Poll packet. In a default configuration, these packets are transmitted about every 25ms.
  • the BT signal is set together with the PRI signal and released after about 625 ⁇ s. In some implementations, the BT signal is set during the PRI low period.
  • the regular PRI signal is interrupted by the PRI signal for polling, and if enabled, the PRI signal for scanning.
  • the PRI line is raised about every 3.75ms and stays high for about 1.25ms.
  • the BT signal is released together with the PRI line and raised 625 ⁇ s before.
  • BT is set briefly about every 1.25ms while PRI is low at the beginning of each receive slot. While PRI line is not set, the BT line is briefly raised three times.
  • the PRI line is set for every Bluetooth poll frame, and after NFC unsuccessful attempts by Bluetooth to access the medium (i.e., WL is high). In this case, the PRI line is set twice each for about 1.25ms with a short gap inbetween.
  • the BT line is raised if a Bluetooth device wants to access the medium. If WL is set, BT is reset again. Once BT has the medium, it can keep the BT line high for a few milliseconds depending on the Bluetooth traffic.
  • various embodiments are directed to the control of the rate at which the access point 170 communicates data to the handset 160, and recovery of a desired high transmission rate after the access point has reduced to a lower or minimum transmission rate.
  • the access point 170 reduces its transmission rate for transmissions sent to the handset 160 in response to certain conditions, such as when an expected acknowledgement is not received from the handset, or when data is corrupted due to a concurrent Bluetooth transmission.
  • the handset 160 is programmed to monitor the transmission rate at which the access point 170 communicates data to the handset 160. When the transmission rate drops to a particular threshold, the handset 160 sends a reset command to the access point 170, which responds by resetting its transmission rate to a higher or normal level.
  • the access point 170 has a set normal transmission rate, and reduces that transmission rate from the normal rate by a certain amount in response to certain communication conditions.
  • the access point 170 continues to reduce the transmission rate as the certain conditions continue or other new conditions arise, until a minimum rate is reached.
  • the handset 160 receives transmissions from the access point 170 at the minimum rate, it sends a reset signal to the access point, which responds by setting the transmission rate to the normal rate or to another predetermined rate.
  • the access point 170 implements a rate adaptation algorithm to set the transmission rate as discussed above, and resets the rate adaptation algorithm after a re-authentication sequence (e.g., re-authenticating a handset 160), which can take up to a second or more to complete.
  • a re-authentication sequence e.g., re-authenticating a handset 160
  • the handset 160 sends an ACK to the access point 170 to prevent the access point from reducing its PHY rate in response to a failing to receive an ACK, even when the communication that the handset receives has an error such as a cycle redundancy check (CRC) error.
  • the ACK is sent for uni-cast data frames where the MAC address matches the handset's address. An ACK is not sent if another MAC address is detected or if the received frame is a management frame.
  • the handset 160 acknowledges all unicast frames with PHY rates of 5.5Mbps or lower if the MAC address matches the MAC address of the handset, independent of the CRC. If received unicast frames with a matching MAC address have a PHY rate of IMbps for more than 2s and the measured received signal strength indication (RSSI) is above about -8OdBm, the handset 160 de-authenticates from the access point 170 and immediately re-authenticates.
  • RSSI received received signal strength indication
  • a wireless device e.g., 160
  • access point e.g., 170
  • the wireless device communicates on overlapping channels of first and second ones of the wireless networks, and implements a microcomputer (a.k.a. microprocessor) to determine a quiet period during which communications with the device over the first network are not expected.
  • the microcomputer is responsive to the determined quiet period and a condition of usage of the overlapping channel for the first network, by selectively transmitting a data request over the second network to a wireless access point to control the access point to send data to the wireless device during the quiet period.
  • the wireless access point also includes a microprocessor that transmits data to the wireless device, over the second network, during the quiet period in response to receiving the data request.
  • various approaches as described herein such as those described above in connection with the control of packet-based communications with wireless devices that operate on wireless networks having overlapping signal channels processors, are carried out using an algorithm having steps as follows.
  • a quiet period is determined, during which communications with a device over the first network are not expected.
  • a data request is selectively transmitted over the second network to a wireless access point to control the access point to send data to the wireless device during the quiet period.
  • data is transmitted over the second network during the quiet period in response to receiving the data request.
  • FIG. 2 shows a flow diagram for wireless communications with link detection in an environment involving a STA that communicates with an AP over a WLAN and a Bluetooth device, according to another example embodiment of the present invention.
  • Link detection is carried out each time the STA wakes up to receive a beacon or after it has received a beacon while it is awake. The detection process relies on a toggling PRI line as shown.
  • the approach shown in FIG. 2 may, as discussed above, be carried out in an environment involving a wireless station (STA) such as a handset that communicates with a wireless access point (AP) over a WLAN, and that communicates with a Bluetooth device using Bluetooth protocols, such that the WLAN and Bluetooth communications occur on overlapping channels.
  • STA wireless station
  • AP wireless access point
  • Bluetooth protocols such that the WLAN and Bluetooth communications occur on overlapping channels.
  • This scenario may also be applied in connection with FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 discussed below.
  • FIG. 3 shows a flow diagram for wireless communications involving SCO link detection, according to another example embodiment of the present invention. If a SCO link has been detected, only one PS-Poll is sent out per Bluetooth voice frame. Additional checks are made to make sure that a PS-Poll is sent out only if enough time is available to acknowledge the response frame.
  • the STA is not able to detect when the collocated Bluetooth device is a master and transmits a Poll frame.
  • the Bluetooth Poll frame is transmitted during a 2.5ms period during which the SCO link is not scheduling any information.
  • the Bluetooth poll interval is increased to at least 80ms to mitigate conditions under which the AP initiates a rate adaptation algorithm.
  • FIG. 4 shows a flow diagram for wireless communications where no SCO link has been detected, according to another example embodiment of the present invention.
  • a STA fails to detect the presence of a SCO link, it assumes that an ACL link is present or that no active Bluetooth link is present.
  • the STA schedules PS-Poll frames such that during an ACL link, Bluetooth devices can access the medium without using priority access.
  • certain applications involve increasing the Bluetooth poll interval to at least 80ms to mitigate undesirable conditions.

Abstract

Selon l'invention, des communications sans fil sont mises en œuvre à l'aide de divers arrangements et procédés. Un mode de réalisation à titre d'exemple de l'invention porte sur un système et une approche qui impliquent une station sans fil particulière, fonctionnant sur des réseaux sans fil qui utilisent des canaux chevauchants pour communiquer avec la station. La station envoie des données de commande à un dispositif sur un premier des réseaux afin de commander des communications envoyées du dispositif à la station, en réponse à des communications avec la station sur un second des réseaux. Cette approche peut être utilisée pour réduire toute possibilité que des communications vers la station sur le premier réseau soient brouillées par des communications sur l'autre réseau, et toute possibilité correspondante que le dispositif sans fil réduise son débit de transmission pour des communications vers la station.
PCT/IB2009/050512 2008-02-12 2009-02-09 Arrangement de communications sans fil, réseau et approche associés pour gérer un canal partagé parmi des systèmes sans fil différents WO2009101567A1 (fr)

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US2802708P 2008-02-12 2008-02-12
US61/028,027 2008-02-12

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