WO2009101264A1 - Method of preparing an ore sample and an ore sample - Google Patents

Method of preparing an ore sample and an ore sample Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009101264A1
WO2009101264A1 PCT/FI2009/050121 FI2009050121W WO2009101264A1 WO 2009101264 A1 WO2009101264 A1 WO 2009101264A1 FI 2009050121 W FI2009050121 W FI 2009050121W WO 2009101264 A1 WO2009101264 A1 WO 2009101264A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sample
drill cuttings
ore
prepared
drilling
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI2009/050121
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Ilpo Auranen
Jukka Raatikainen
Original Assignee
Mine On-Line Service Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mine On-Line Service Oy filed Critical Mine On-Line Service Oy
Publication of WO2009101264A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009101264A1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
    • E21B49/005—Testing the nature of borehole walls or the formation by using drilling mud or cutting data
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/01—Arrangements for handling drilling fluids or cuttings outside the borehole, e.g. mud boxes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to preparing of an ore sample and to an ore sample prepared with said method. More precisely, the invention relates to an ore sample prepared from drill cuttings, and to preparing the same.
  • Ore sample in this connection refers to a sample for analyzing contents of elements, minerals etc. and rock types in a bedrock.
  • the drilling powder the so called drill cuttings produced by percussion drilling of sample holes and blast holes in connection with ore prospecting, percussion drilling and mining for taking samples.
  • the aim of the drill cuttings sample is to determine the ore and/or mineral contents of the bedrock at different depths, whereas the drill cuttings sample prepared when drilling blast holes is used for determining the ore and/or mineral contents on the whole range of the drill hole, based on which the loose rock material from the blasting is guided either to ore recovery process or waste rock
  • the drill cuttings received from the drilled borehole by percussion drilling are flushed either with air or water out from the drill hole and guided to a sample splitter for separating a part of the drill cuttings to be forwarded to a sample bag.
  • the rest of the generated drill cuttings are usually guided to the ground nearby the drilling equipment.
  • the sample bags are usually changed at distances of one meter of drill-advancing, in other words one bag of drill cuttings sample comprises a drill cuttings sample from one meter of bedrock of the drill hole.
  • Each sample bag is forwarded to a laboratory to be analyzed, where the drill cuttings from one or more sample bags, usually from 1 to 5, are dried and homogenized, after which a part of the drill cuttings is taken for preparing a sample briquette thereof.
  • the ore and/or mineral contents of the bedrock are analyzed from this briquette sample.
  • the analysis results are usually available after about 1-6 months from the drilling of the drill cuttings sample.
  • a portion of the drill cuttings generated when drilling a drill hole is taken in a continuous manner, as known in the art, during the generation of the drill cuttings, to prepare a sample.
  • the sample is preferably prepared in a long, narrow sample vessel having for example a diameter of about. 5 - 15 cm, whereby the separate layers of drill cuttings formed in the sample vessel cannot mix with each other.
  • the length of the sample to be prepared can vary according to need, but the maximum length thereof is preferably about 1 meter to facilitate handling of the prepared sample.
  • an unhomogenized drill cuttings sample is provided, the structure of said sample corresponding to the structure of the bedrock, and by means of said sample for example the ore content at different depths of the drilled borehole being determined.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized by what is stated in the characterizing part of Claim 1, and the ore sample according to the invention is characterized by what is stated in the characterizing part of Claim 5.
  • Figure IA shows schematically preparing of an ore sample according to the invention
  • Figure IB shows schematically an ore sample prepared by means of the solution of Figure IA.
  • a hole is drilled in rock with drilling equipment 1.
  • the hole to be drilled can be a usual drill hole, like e.g. a hole used in blasting, or it can be a drill hole to be percussion drilled for drill cuttings.
  • Means for removing the drill cuttings generated by drilling from the drill hole, and means for forwarding at least a part of the collected drill cuttings to a sample bag 2 are connected with the drilling equipment 1.
  • the layers of the drill cuttings collected to the sample bag correspond to the layers of the rock to be drilled, in inverted order, which has been illustrated in Figure IB.
  • the length of the sample bag 2 is preferably max. about 1 meter, and the diameter of the sample bag is preferably about 5 cm, whereby it is easy to handle a filled sample bag, and the sample bag can be advantageously stored in a compartment of a box used for handling and storing core samples.
  • the sample bag 2 is preferably made of transparent plastic, whereby the prepared sample, in other words the filled sample bag, can be analyzed visually or by imaging.
  • the location position data associated with the sample is determined, as known in the art, by locating the position of the drilled hole by means of GPS or some other corresponding location positioning system, and the depth information of the sample is determined based on the distance of the drill bit in the drilling equipment 1.
  • the advance of the drilling process is monitored and that the location position data on this advance is associated with the sample.
  • the location position data of the advance of the drilling process is received for example from the drilling equipment that usually comprises instruments for determining the distance and advance of the drill bit in the drilling equipment.
  • This depth information can be associated with the sample for example by marking at predetermined distances the depth of the drill bit on the surface of the sample vessel at the current filling level of the sample vessel. This is essential, because when drilling drill cuttings, the amount of the drill cuttings is not constant, but it can vary substantially, depending on the variations and density of the bedrock to be drilled.
  • the sample to be prepared can be scaled in a desired way.
  • This scaling in this connection means that a sample having a length of one meter does not correspond to an advance of 1 meter in drilling, but a sample of one meter corresponds to an advance of e.g.10 meters in drilling.
  • By scaling in this way it is possible to include in one sample drill cuttings e.g. from the length of one whole drill hole without losing the depth information of the drill cuttings layers. This provides savings in the sample handling, because the amount of samples to be analyzed decreases in proportion to the scale.
  • the location accuracy of the analysis is also improved, because the sample can be analyzed at desired intervals of analyses, for example with accuracy of 5-50 cm.
  • the used interval of analyses can be decided after the sampling for example so that the areas containing ore are analyzed with shorter sample intervals thanihe areas containing waste rock.
  • based on the drill cuttings amount received from the borehole it is possible to draw conclusions on cleavage and fragmentation of the rock and the amount of water in the borehole.
  • An ore sample prepared with the solution according to the invention is especially useful in non-destructive analyses of the sample, whereby the sample can be analyzed multiple times with same or different analyzing devices.
  • the sample is also later usable for eventual control or additional analyses.
  • the sample is prepared in a plastic bag, it is possible to take, if necessary, separate samples from different drill cuttings layers by breaking the surface of the sample bag at the desired place and closing the hole of the sample bag for example with tape after having taken the separate sample.
  • an error caused by mixing of the drill cuttings layers can be corrected mathematically in the ore sample 2 in accordance with the invention.
  • the dilution in the sample is caused by the phenomenon, that when the drill penetrates deeper, a part of the ground material stays in the drill pipe and mixes with the new drill cuttings.
  • the mathematical correction of the dilution can be provided at the simplest and roughest by means of the averages of the successive drill cuttings layers and by changing the measured variable for example by multiplying the magnitude of the change with a predetermined constant.
  • the solution according to the invention is not restricted to the long and narrow plastic bag described in the example of the figures, but the ore sample according to the invention can also be prepared from drill cuttings in another kind of a sample vessel, like for example a plastic pipe, whereby the dilution of the different layers in the sample can be better prevented.
  • the ore sample according to the present invention can advantageously replace the core sample, whereby instead of core drilling, the usual percussion drilling can be used, that is significantly faster and economically less expensive.
  • the preparing and analyzing of the sample can be essentially accelerated.
  • the solution according to the invention is also not restricted to a sample vessel or bag including only one space for collecting drill cuttings, but the sample can also be collected to a sample vessel with multiple compartments or spaces.
  • drill cuttings can be collected from multiple different objects or boreholes to different compartments of one and the same sample vessel.
  • the sample can be prepared for example in compartments of a core box for example by halving the plastic sample bag and draining the drill cuttings to the compartments or by guiding the drill cuttings directly to the compartments of the core box, whereby one core box can take several different drill cuttings samples.
  • the core box is closed tightly for example with a transparent plastic sheet, whereby the drill cuttings samples cannot mix with each other, but they can still be studied for example visually.
  • the sample bag or vessel can also be advantageously made of water permeable material, whereby the drill cuttings sample can be dried during a short storing period, after which the analyses can be implemented. This is a way to advantageously remove enough water from a sludge-like drill cuttings sample for analyzing the sample.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)

Abstract

A method for forming an ore sample (2) and an ore sample (2), the ore sample in said method being prepared of drill cuttings, whereby drill cuttings are collected for preparing the sample (2) into a sample vessel layer by layer according to the advance of the drilling process where the drill cuttings are generated.

Description

METHOD OF PREPARING AN ORE SAMPLE AND AN ORE SAMPLE
The present invention relates to preparing of an ore sample and to an ore sample prepared with said method. More precisely, the invention relates to an ore sample prepared from drill cuttings, and to preparing the same.
Ore sample in this connection refers to a sample for analyzing contents of elements, minerals etc. and rock types in a bedrock.
It is known in the art to use the drilling powder, the so called drill cuttings produced by percussion drilling of sample holes and blast holes in connection with ore prospecting, percussion drilling and mining for taking samples. When drilling sample holes, the aim of the drill cuttings sample is to determine the ore and/or mineral contents of the bedrock at different depths, whereas the drill cuttings sample prepared when drilling blast holes is used for determining the ore and/or mineral contents on the whole range of the drill hole, based on which the loose rock material from the blasting is guided either to ore recovery process or waste rock
The drill cuttings received from the drilled borehole by percussion drilling are flushed either with air or water out from the drill hole and guided to a sample splitter for separating a part of the drill cuttings to be forwarded to a sample bag. The rest of the generated drill cuttings are usually guided to the ground nearby the drilling equipment. The sample bags are usually changed at distances of one meter of drill-advancing, in other words one bag of drill cuttings sample comprises a drill cuttings sample from one meter of bedrock of the drill hole. Each sample bag is forwarded to a laboratory to be analyzed, where the drill cuttings from one or more sample bags, usually from 1 to 5, are dried and homogenized, after which a part of the drill cuttings is taken for preparing a sample briquette thereof. After that, the ore and/or mineral contents of the bedrock are analyzed from this briquette sample. The analysis results are usually available after about 1-6 months from the drilling of the drill cuttings sample. In the solution according to the present invention, a portion of the drill cuttings generated when drilling a drill hole is taken in a continuous manner, as known in the art, during the generation of the drill cuttings, to prepare a sample. The sample is preferably prepared in a long, narrow sample vessel having for example a diameter of about. 5 - 15 cm, whereby the separate layers of drill cuttings formed in the sample vessel cannot mix with each other. The length of the sample to be prepared can vary according to need, but the maximum length thereof is preferably about 1 meter to facilitate handling of the prepared sample.
With the solution according to the invention, an unhomogenized drill cuttings sample is provided, the structure of said sample corresponding to the structure of the bedrock, and by means of said sample for example the ore content at different depths of the drilled borehole being determined.
More precisely, the method according to the invention is characterized by what is stated in the characterizing part of Claim 1, and the ore sample according to the invention is characterized by what is stated in the characterizing part of Claim 5.
The invention will be described in more detail in the following by way of example with reference to the enclosed drawings, wherein
Figure IA shows schematically preparing of an ore sample according to the invention, and
Figure IB shows schematically an ore sample prepared by means of the solution of Figure IA.
In the example of Figure IA, a hole is drilled in rock with drilling equipment 1. The hole to be drilled can be a usual drill hole, like e.g. a hole used in blasting, or it can be a drill hole to be percussion drilled for drill cuttings. Means for removing the drill cuttings generated by drilling from the drill hole, and means for forwarding at least a part of the collected drill cuttings to a sample bag 2 are connected with the drilling equipment 1. As the drill cuttings are forwarded to the sample bag 2 along with the advance of the drilling, the layers of the drill cuttings collected to the sample bag correspond to the layers of the rock to be drilled, in inverted order, which has been illustrated in Figure IB.
After the sample bag 2 is filled, the open end of the bag is closed, whereby the sample is ready and a new sample bag is moved to be filled, if necessary. The length of the sample bag 2 is preferably max. about 1 meter, and the diameter of the sample bag is preferably about 5 cm, whereby it is easy to handle a filled sample bag, and the sample bag can be advantageously stored in a compartment of a box used for handling and storing core samples. The sample bag 2 is preferably made of transparent plastic, whereby the prepared sample, in other words the filled sample bag, can be analyzed visually or by imaging.
After the sample is prepared, it can be advantageously forwarded to be analyzed in an analyzing unit located on the ore prospecting site or in the immediate vicinity thereof. The location position data associated with the sample is determined, as known in the art, by locating the position of the drilled hole by means of GPS or some other corresponding location positioning system, and the depth information of the sample is determined based on the distance of the drill bit in the drilling equipment 1.
Further, it is possible to perform the analysis of the sample in connection with the filling of the sample bag 2, whereby the analyzing of the sample happens in real time and the filled sample bag 2 will be already analyzed before being closed and moved. This kind of a solution can be implemented for example by monitoring the filling of the sample bag 2 and by analyzing the contents of the sample bag 2 for the filled part phase by phase for example with X-ray.
In the solution according to the invention for preparing a drill cuttings sample, it is also essential that the advance of the drilling process is monitored and that the location position data on this advance is associated with the sample. The location position data of the advance of the drilling process is received for example from the drilling equipment that usually comprises instruments for determining the distance and advance of the drill bit in the drilling equipment. This depth information can be associated with the sample for example by marking at predetermined distances the depth of the drill bit on the surface of the sample vessel at the current filling level of the sample vessel. This is essential, because when drilling drill cuttings, the amount of the drill cuttings is not constant, but it can vary substantially, depending on the variations and density of the bedrock to be drilled.
Because in the solution according to the invention, as described above, the depth information on the point where the drill cuttings sample was generated is associated with the sample, the sample to be prepared can be scaled in a desired way. This scaling in this connection means that a sample having a length of one meter does not correspond to an advance of 1 meter in drilling, but a sample of one meter corresponds to an advance of e.g.10 meters in drilling. By scaling in this way it is possible to include in one sample drill cuttings e.g. from the length of one whole drill hole without losing the depth information of the drill cuttings layers. This provides savings in the sample handling, because the amount of samples to be analyzed decreases in proportion to the scale. The location accuracy of the analysis is also improved, because the sample can be analyzed at desired intervals of analyses, for example with accuracy of 5-50 cm. In addition, the used interval of analyses can be decided after the sampling for example so that the areas containing ore are analyzed with shorter sample intervals thanihe areas containing waste rock. In addition, based on the drill cuttings amount received from the borehole it is possible to draw conclusions on cleavage and fragmentation of the rock and the amount of water in the borehole.
An ore sample prepared with the solution according to the invention is especially useful in non-destructive analyses of the sample, whereby the sample can be analyzed multiple times with same or different analyzing devices. In addition, the sample is also later usable for eventual control or additional analyses. As the sample is prepared in a plastic bag, it is possible to take, if necessary, separate samples from different drill cuttings layers by breaking the surface of the sample bag at the desired place and closing the hole of the sample bag for example with tape after having taken the separate sample.
If necessary, an error caused by mixing of the drill cuttings layers, the so called dilution occurring in connection with the drilling, can be corrected mathematically in the ore sample 2 in accordance with the invention. The dilution in the sample is caused by the phenomenon, that when the drill penetrates deeper, a part of the ground material stays in the drill pipe and mixes with the new drill cuttings. The mathematical correction of the dilution can be provided at the simplest and roughest by means of the averages of the successive drill cuttings layers and by changing the measured variable for example by multiplying the magnitude of the change with a predetermined constant. Other usable mathematical correction methods of the dilution error are modelling of the drill characteristics with respect to the dilution, derived correction of the dilution and experimental estimation of the amount of dilution. In addition, there are more mathematical modellings to be found for the dilution in the literature of the art, which are theoretical, experimental or a combination thereof.
The solution according to the invention is not restricted to the long and narrow plastic bag described in the example of the figures, but the ore sample according to the invention can also be prepared from drill cuttings in another kind of a sample vessel, like for example a plastic pipe, whereby the dilution of the different layers in the sample can be better prevented.
The ore sample according to the present invention can advantageously replace the core sample, whereby instead of core drilling, the usual percussion drilling can be used, that is significantly faster and economically less expensive. Thus, the preparing and analyzing of the sample can be essentially accelerated.
Further, the solution according to the invention is also not restricted to a sample vessel or bag including only one space for collecting drill cuttings, but the sample can also be collected to a sample vessel with multiple compartments or spaces. Thus, drill cuttings can be collected from multiple different objects or boreholes to different compartments of one and the same sample vessel. The sample can be prepared for example in compartments of a core box for example by halving the plastic sample bag and draining the drill cuttings to the compartments or by guiding the drill cuttings directly to the compartments of the core box, whereby one core box can take several different drill cuttings samples. The core box is closed tightly for example with a transparent plastic sheet, whereby the drill cuttings samples cannot mix with each other, but they can still be studied for example visually.
The sample bag or vessel can also be advantageously made of water permeable material, whereby the drill cuttings sample can be dried during a short storing period, after which the analyses can be implemented. This is a way to advantageously remove enough water from a sludge-like drill cuttings sample for analyzing the sample.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an ore sample (2), the ore sample in said method being prepared from drill cuttings to be collected according to the advance of the drilling process, where the drill cuttings are generated, layer by layer into a sample vessel for preparing the sample (2), characterized in that the sample (2) to be prepared in the sample vessel is scaled to correspond to a bigger advance of the drilling than what the length of the prepared sample is, and that the location position data of the advance of the drilling is associated with the sample.
2. A method according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the drill cuttings collected to the sample (2) layer by layer are arranged to correspond to the structure of the bedrock.
3. A method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sample vessel of the sample (2) is a plastic bag, plastic pipe and/or a core box.
4. A method according to any of the Claims from 1 to 3, characterized in that a dilution error of the drill cuttings of the prepared sample (2) is mathematically corrected.
5. An ore sample (2), said ore sample being comprised of drill cuttings arranged layer by layer in a sample (2) according to the advance of the drilling process where the drill cuttings are generated, characterized in that the sample (2) is scaled to correspond to a bigger advance of the drilling than what the length of the prepared sample is, and that the location position data of the advance of the drilling is associated with the sample.
6. An ore sample (2) according to claim 5, characterized in that the sample (2) is prepared in a sample vessel, said sample vessel being a plastic bag, plastic pipe and/or a core box. An ore sample according to Claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the sample (2) is prepared in a sample vessel, said sample vessel being transparent and/or being formed of a water permeable material.
PCT/FI2009/050121 2008-02-15 2009-02-16 Method of preparing an ore sample and an ore sample WO2009101264A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20080120 2008-02-15
FI20080120A FI20080120L (en) 2008-02-15 2008-02-15 Procedure for forming an ore sample and ore sample

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111678975A (en) * 2020-05-06 2020-09-18 武汉科技大学 Method for testing ore grade distribution

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115307965B (en) * 2022-09-29 2022-12-16 山西豪盛环保科技有限公司 Soil stratified sampling is with preventing cross contamination drilling equipment

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB796390A (en) * 1955-07-22 1958-06-11 Reese Tone Houston Improved earth drilling method and means
US4332301A (en) * 1979-04-27 1982-06-01 Jonell Per Olof Method and a machine of obtaining samples from the ground to determine its composition
US6386026B1 (en) * 2000-11-13 2002-05-14 Konstandinos S. Zamfes Cuttings sample catcher and method of use

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB796390A (en) * 1955-07-22 1958-06-11 Reese Tone Houston Improved earth drilling method and means
US4332301A (en) * 1979-04-27 1982-06-01 Jonell Per Olof Method and a machine of obtaining samples from the ground to determine its composition
US6386026B1 (en) * 2000-11-13 2002-05-14 Konstandinos S. Zamfes Cuttings sample catcher and method of use

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111678975A (en) * 2020-05-06 2020-09-18 武汉科技大学 Method for testing ore grade distribution
CN111678975B (en) * 2020-05-06 2023-04-11 武汉科技大学 Method for testing ore grade distribution

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Publication number Publication date
FI20080120L (en) 2009-08-16
FI20080120A0 (en) 2008-02-15

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