WO2009099347A1

WO2009099347A1 - Mechanical oscillator

Info

Publication number: WO2009099347A1
Application number: PCT/RS2008/000009
Authority: WO
Inventors: Vujo Gordic
Original assignee: Vujo Gordic
Priority date: 2008-02-04
Filing date: 2008-04-23
Publication date: 2009-08-13
Also published as: RS20080042A; RS52650B

Abstract

The mathematical model of thermodynamic oscillator is translated into the mechanical oscillator, and with the help of the fluid commanding unit, the mechanical oscillator translates onto threephase alternating hydrolic/pneumatic motor, named the Serb energizer-SE. When a lever and two lineages are added to the kinematics of SUS-motors, the SE could be got, by which, the torque on the coupling shaft of SUS-motors could be magnified for 7 times (seven). Difference in kinematics SE over SUS-motors for one lever and two joints, enabled to SE application in using the energy in a form of the static potential-work on a selective basis, instead of the kinetic potential- flying (passage) potential, which is used in the SUS-motor, has been causing the multiple increase of the area of a work diagram to SE related with SUS-motors. Effective energetic output of SE related with hydroturbins, is more than thousand ( in some cases a thousand and five hundred) times more. The efficiency is noticeable in more than a thousand times reduced consumption of the reservoir water for the production of one kilowatt-hour of electric energy, measured upon the middle delivery (flow) during twenty four hours time,on the year's level. If the usage of SE is reduced onto average twelve hours a day, the efficient energetic output (efficiency) is divided into halves,etc. The prototype had been made and put into operation in the beginning of the year (2008).

Description

MECHANICAL OSCILLATOR

TECHNICAL FIELD

Mechanical oscillator belongs to transformers of force of potential energy in a rotary torque on a shaft coupling, that means, it belongs to a field of motors. Its efficiency has been based upon applying of a basical law of a dynamic rotary motion: on constancy of a quantity of motion moment,torque, so said, on a constancy of an areal velocity. Having in mind its universal property, the mechanical oscillator can substitute successfully some existent mechanisms, like: iternal combustion engines, hydro-engines, hydro-turbines, steam turbines, asynchronous engines. The mechanical oscillator, owing to cosφ=l represents a transmiting mechanism of energy without self-heating, so it is unnecessary to build-in any cooling system.

Production of a potential energy is connected with space out of a mechanism of the mechanical oscillator. Its work cycle is reciprotating-isobarometric because it uses a double sides effect cylinder.

According to the International clasification of patents, an invention.

BACKGROUND ART

15 Technical problem. All motors have been constructed till now adays are far from the Isaac Newton's Law about inertial systems of reference. By reason of a construction of motor's mechanisms, which are under the law of inertial forces, nawadays motors produce an external forces 's momentum (energy) which causes appearance of a secondary energy in forms: heat, vibration, noise, with consecuence to minimize a total energetic degree of the ^■ motor use, its duration due to its heating and vibrational overloading, causing incorporation of more expensive material; the noise pollutes the environment.

The second important failure of nowadays motors in transformation of a potential force is an energetic work cycle. So, today mechanisms, nearly without any exption, use the kinetic/flow - volume energy which possesses a very low degree of the energetic efficiency due to a narrow work diagram area /space/ between compression and expansion processes; the mechanical oscillator uses a static potential and exists on the isobar cycle of sines character.

State of Technique.The present day's mechanisms of motors for transmision of a potential force, can be devided into two basic groups, exepting of rocket engines, and those are: mechanisms have been based on a crank (elbow) excenter and mechanisms with blades.

Due to a short space, only the internal combustion motors and the piston radial hydroulic motors will be analysed here, in accordance with importance of their similarity and difference related to the mechanical oscillator. Above mentioned similarity or difference of the mechanism of the mechanical oscillator upon to mechanisms with blades, can be copied by logic/comparision methods with similarities or differences of the internal combustion motors and piston radial hydroulic motors in relation to the mechanic oscillator.

The mechanism of the piston motor with internal combustion without a crosshead, is shown schematicaly in fig. 4.a. Its work principle is the next: compressed air-fuel mixture in a space bounded with a cilinder (1) and a piston (2), ignites itself; by the adequate metod, obtained heat rises the pressure, the pressure has been transfered into the force F, on the piston (2), which is transferee! onto a crank (4) at a point B, indirectly by a motor lever (3) in a form of a projection force on the motor lever F_B, at the same time it's decomposing itself onto a radial force F_BH, and tangential force F_BV-

The radial force F_BH, presses on the elbow bearing (4) and on the shaft bearing (6), presenting a kind of ballast. The tangental force F_BV, by an aid of an elbow (4) of a radius r₀ , creates rotation moment on a shart coupling:, M = F_BVr₀, what corresponds to only one point on the semicircle and presents a maximum of useful work. Meanwhile, from this rotation moment, a counter moment has been substracted, that had been come from the forces, as a part of the mechanism of the inertial motion. The inertial forces become: to a rectilinear motion of mass due to a change of the rectilinear speed; to a rotary motion of mass due to a change of an angular speed or of the same angular speed but a changed radius.To the motors with internal combustion, the force on the piston has been changed togather with a change of pressure, bacause of a volume change. By changing the force, the rectilinear speed is changed,too. Since the force has been changing, the machanism gets acceleration, It is impossible to act on to the straight-line acceleration canceling it, but we can act on the angular acceleration with counter-weights to neutralize of rotary inertial forces, enough sufficiently.

Analysis of action of rotary inertial forces is shown in fig. 4.b. Having the circular motion with a constant angular speed, a centripetal acceleration is obtained whose arm of force is zero, so the torque of the external forces is zero, too. But, to the angual acceleration,

— » — > we've got normal a_N and tangential a_τ acceleration. From a vectorial composition of two

— > — > given accelerations, we have got their resultant acceleration, a, the shortest distance, r from the center of rotation-shaft axle, which creats a counter moment to a moment of force, F_BV, fig.4a. and b.

Frictional forces act on to the rotational moment on the shaft coupling, so it won't be analysed since there isn't any important difference between the internal combustion motors and the machanical oscillator.

The energy efficiency of the internal combustion motors is about 25% the most often, and can be till 35%, but to 40% (45%) exceptionally.

Kinematic of a piston radial hydraulic motor is in fig.5, schem. Principle of its work is the next:a pressed fluid has been bringing through the upper half of a rod (1) from where it is distributed to a cylinder of a rotor (2) by the rotor holes (2), where, it acts on the piston (4) by the help of fluid force pressure. Numbers of pistons are odd: 5, 7, 9, 11,... The piston (4) moves towards a circle of a cyrcle radially which belongs to the stator (3) arranged eccentrically (AC)in relation to the rod center (1) and rotor (2).The mentioned piston moving is caused by the force of pressure in the cylinder of the rotor (2). The circle of the stator (3) for the piston (4) presents a curved inclined plane along which a tip of the piston (4) slips, pulling the rotor (2) into a circular motion. Returning fluid comes back through the down-half of the rod (1).

In accordiance with the kinematics, pistons (4) of the radial hydromotors move accelarataly along a circle of the stator (3), because the division of their cillinders on the rotor (2) is the same, which enables them the constant angual speed, but due that, the change of the radius is caused with the excenter (AC). As the edged speed is equal to a product of the angual speed and radius, and the radius in relation to the center of the rotor (2) changes itself, so the edged speed of the piston's tip (4) is changable, respectively, its moving the circle of

— > the stator (3) is accelerated. A normal component of acceleration a_N passes through the center of the stator (3) point (A), and a tangential one a_r coincides with the tangent on circle of the stator (3).

→ → →

A vectorial equation of acceleration components a_τ and a_N , in a resultant a, defines resultants: intension, direction, and way of action of the resultant; so it defines a direction of an action of the initial force-counter moment to the moment of an active force. Respecting of an energetic work cycle, it is more attractive than the same one to the internal combustion motor, because, it is based upon the isobar work cycle. By the opposite, its application is limited by the size of the cooler for cooling of the hydroulics, due to production of great amount of heat energy that has been created by the effect of the force of inertia, respectivly, they became by action of the counter moment to inertia force.

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION

Bohr's Postulate doesn't Fulfill Basic Law of Dynamics of Rotary Motion.

→ — > — > — > — > Summary: Moment of momentum, L = rx p = rx m v, is a vectorial quantity, whicn can be expressed mathematically in statics by intensity: L—m-vr-sinφ. For an angle φ=90o, the moment of momentum intensity is: L = mvr. But the momenm of momentum in dynamics means application of limited conditions, φ≠90°; and so when they have been built-in into the moment of momentum equation, we 've got the equation which is related to those limits and the like ones. N.Bohr, hadn 't taken them into consideration, obvously.

Ill Bohr's postulate sounds: The electrons move - circulate round the core. Their orbits ' moment of momentum , mvr, is equal to a product of an integral number, n, and of Planck's constant, h,; mathematically it is expressed like this: mvr = n h, (1) where's:. h = h/2π.

Having in mind the fact, that III Bohr's postulate is based on the constant on the moment of momentum, we can conclude: that external forces don't act onto system of atoms, cor with electrons, consequently, we can apply the law of conservation of impulse moment.ln fact, if the external forces do not act on the system of atoms, the cor with electrons, total moment of

-» impulse does not change, M = 0 , so the basic law of the rotary motion dynamics is:

→ → → → → ^→ d r where the impulse moment of the translational motion is: L = rx p = rx m v = m(rx ) dt d L d ^→ d r . → d² r d r d r . as that, — == m_m —-- ((rrxx —) ) == m_m((rrxx —— _r — ++ —- x_x _-) ₌ 0. (3) dt dt dt dt² dt dt The equation (3) shows: the second addend is equal to zero, as a square of a vectorial product, d^{2 →}r and in order to make the first addend to be equal the zero, the vector of acceleration dt

— > had to be aligned with a vector r, that means the vector of acceleration

— - = a_c - rω² = — , in that case, now the basic law of dynamic,of rotary motion is: dt r

L = I ω = l - a_c = mr² ■ rω² = mrv² = m ^■ const. (4)

By dividing of equation (4) with mass of electrons, m, we obtain: r^ω² = v²r = const. = III Bohr's postulate. (5 )

III Kepler's Law. Starting from the III Bohr's postulate, that an electron moves along the circle (moves rotary), the speed of the electron, says:

2 - π - r v = ^~γ^~> ⁽⁶⁾ and the colleration between the angular speed ,ω, and the tangential speed, v, expressed by the nex expression: v 2π ,_.

^{« '}--T' ⁽⁷⁾ then the equation (5) is:

J2πλ ₌ ^ _{4π2 = v2r = const}

{ T ) T²

By division of the equation (8) with 4π², we obtain the III Kepler's Law:

^ T rπ 2 = k, (9) 2 where k is the Kepler's constancy; k

II Kepler's Law says: Radius- vector, the Sun-planet, describes the equal surfaces in the equal time intervals.

I Kepler's Law states: planets describe ellipses round the Sun, in which one, common center is the Sun.

Starting from the I Kepler's Law, we conclude: the planets deduce a nonuniform central motion, round the Sun, in that case the equations are: ω=ω₀ ⁺ε t, and (10) θ=ω_ot+- ε i² (11) The area (surface) of an endless narrow sector between two radius- vector and an arc, states: p = —rl . Using the equation (11) and agreeably to the first and the second Kepler's Laws, fig. 1 , we wrote down:

Q₂=Q₁ +- S₂ ^₁ apropos,

Q₂- Q₁= Q₁ +_ _£2 f²_ Q₁= - ε₂ f, apropos,

ε, = 2 fø -*i) (12)

As to the nonuniform central motion , the center angle is a function of acceleration of the angular displacement, in that case it is the arc, a function of an acceleration angular displacement, then the increase of the arc length is:

Al = rε₂ - r - 2- (13) θ —θ Vectorial character of acceleration —^—z — - On the other side, the surface according to the second Kepler's Law has been determined in fig.1.

— > → → The surface ΔM, OM₂ , bordered by the radius vector ^r i r+ A r _^ states:

Δ/> = - rx l r+ A r W = - 1 rx r+ rx A r (14)

The first addend from the equation (14) is equal to zero, by reason of the square of a vectorial product, the equation (14) goes to:

→ i Ap = — I rx A r |. (15)

Let's remind: fhe second Kepler's Law defines the equation of the surfaces in the equal time intervals (distances), consequently the equation (15) we devide with At and obtain:

Ap _ 1 A r rx (16) At ^~ 2 At

If we insert limes into the equation (16), and let it to Δt— >0, on the border we've got : dp _ 1 rx (16.1) dt ^~ 2 dt 10

From conditions of the second Kepler's Law about the equality of surfaces inside the equal time intervals is knowen that the sector speed is constant. So, if we make the next (second) derivation in the equation (16.1), we've got the equation that is equal to zero ( ecceleration of sector surface is zero). d² r d r d r rx ^■ + ^■ = 0. (17) dt dt² dt dt

The equation (17) states: the second addend is equal to zero, as the square of vector product i and the first addend is zero when the vector of acceleration — — , is collinear with dt⁷ vector r . That means, the equation (17) is fulfilled if the ecceleration is: d²r ₂ v²

— z- = a = rω = — dt^{2 c} r (18)

By the change of ² . 1 ' , in the equation (13) with the centripetal acceleration, a_c, from the equation (18), we've got

_Δ/ = r_s, = _r .₂-3LZ3. = 2r - rω² = 2v² (13.1)

Finally, II Kepler's Law, by the way, the surface AM₁OM₂, fig.l., states:

Ap = —r - Al = —r - 2r²ω² = — r • 2v² = r³ω² = rv² = const. 2 2 2 (19)

Conclusion : The equation (19) is identical with the equation (5). That means, the impulse moment of translational motion, III Bohr's postulate, are as the same as the areal velocity, II Kepler's Law. If we look at the equations (6), (7), (8), and (9), we will see: the constants from the equations (5) and (19) is the same as: 4π²k is; because of that the equations (5) and (19) are written down as the single one in the final form: rW = rv^z = 4π²k. (20)

The invariant of the second Kepler's Law and the impulse moment of translational motion, of III Bohr's postulate, represents the III Kepler's Law.

II, HI Kepler's Law and III Bohr's postulate represent one unique law: rv² = 4π²k, which functions according to principles of the law of inertia (I Newton's Law).

Graphic interpretation of constancy of areal velocity and moment of momentum.

The equations(3) and (4) so as the equations(17) and (19) surfice graphic interpretation in fig. 2. 11

Total field of the Sun, one of an energetic state/one quantum state represented with a → → pull CB, decomposes onto : the revolving gravitational field along CD, of a constant intensity in relation to a point C and the heat (thermal) field, along DB, constant intensity in relation to a point D. Otherwise, a position of the Sun, moving velocity of the total field of the Sun, in relation to point C, has been decomposing according to the principle:

V ^γ B = V ^y DC + ^τ V ' BD ^■> (21) where:

⁰⁰ - is a moving velocity of a point D, of center of gravitational field, round the Sun, of a point C.

^VBD - is a velocity moving of the center in a heat field, point B, round the center of the

Sun gravitational field, point D.

→

V ^B - is a resultant of a moving velocity: V ^→ _1x + V ^→ _BD , and is the first condition for sufficiency of the law of inertia system of reference, which is related to a change of radius on a traction pull CB, fig. 2.

-→ →

The velocities of motion: V_1x and V_BD must be constant, different intensities, but equal engular velocities: ωix ~ ^ωBD = const. ^„2)

The motion velocity of the point B, in the equation (21) expresed with V_B , linked with the point C, the center of the Sun is continually a variable intense, with present component of the acceleration. Intending of tha speed V_B , to satisfy completely the condition of an inertial system of reference, then the second part of condition which refers onto the law of inertial system of a reference must be fulfill. It refers onto the circular motion of the lever

CB, fig.2, in that way, the pole-a center of the rotary velocity V_B will move from the point C, the center of the Sun , onto a new point A, fig,2. By getting a move on of the center of the rotary velocity V_B from the point C to the point A (a new pole of rotation) we obtain:

V_BA = const., i.e. ω_BA = const.

Finally that means: the motion of the planet round the Sun is developing in accordiance with the law of the inertial system of reference, a condition has to be fufill: ωBA = ^β>BD = °>DB = °>DC = ^COnSL (23)

Otherwise, for the correct function of the thermodynamical oscillator, the equation (23) is responsible for that. The equation (23) translates the force of inertia - the complex motion speed of the point B round the Sun, the point C, on to the uniform circular motion of the point B by the aid of the points A₅C and D, fig.2.. 12

It is necessery to accept Ptolomej's study about complex motion of planets: inside the relative small circle - epicycle, and a simultaneus motion of that circle center round the Earth inside of the bigger circle - deferent, with corrections: substitution of a geocentric system with a heliocentric one and adding a new circle. Indeed, the planets, round the Sun, have deduced/made a complex circular motion round three centres: C,D, and A, fig. 2. The complexity of motion of the planet round the Sun is expressed through: the small and the big epicycles and one deferent.

-The small epicycle is made by the circle which the radius DB circumscribes round the point D.

-The big epicycle is made by the circle which the radius AB circumscribes round the point A.

-The deferent is formed by the circle which the radius CD circumscribes round the point C.

Levers/sides of the parallelogram ABCD and its diagonal CB, fig. 2. signify each one of any law/state:

-The lever AC signifies the first Kepler's Law,

-The pull CB signifies the second Kepler's Lav,

-The lever AB signifies the third Kepler's Lav,

-The lever DB signifies the radius of Ptolomej small epicycle, — -The lever CD signifies the radius of Ptolomej deferent, but it represents the third

Kepler's Law, at the same time.

AU levers/sides of the parallelogram ABCD and its diagopnal CB, fig 2. togather make the thermodynamic oscillator, TDO; make the basic law about constitution and function of the Sun/atomic system.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

Fig.l. Moving the point M along an ellipse, round solid point 0, of one elliptic focus. Pig.2. Graphic presentation of a planet inert motion, point B, round the Sun, point C.

Kinematic link between stable and flying eccenters: -the lever BD is a flying elbow/eceenter, -the lever AC is a stable elbow/eccenter.

Fig.3. Schematic presentation of a mechanic oscillator: l-.a small epicycle; 2.- a big epicycle; 3.- a deferent; 4.- a thermo/hydro-cylinder with a connecting rod;

5.- eccenter/elbow; 6. a driving shaft; 7. an axle of a rotary connection; B-axle; D- axle.

Fig.4. Piston mechanism of an internal combustion motor, without a crosshead, shown schematicaly: 13 a) 1. -cylinder; 2. -piston; 3.-a motor lever; 4.-an elbow/crank; 5.-a shaft; 6. -a flywheel. b) Graphic analysis of an angular acceleration action: a_τ - tangential acceleration; a_N - normal acceleratio a - resulting acceleration; r- shortest distance of a resulting acceleration from the axle shaft.

Fig.5. Schematic presentation of a piston radial hydromotor: l.-rod; 2. -rotor; 3.- stator; 4-. -piston; 5.-CA-eccenter.

Fig.6. Decomposition of a piston force F_B onto horizontal F_BH, and vertical F_BV one.

CB- thermo/hydrocylinder with a connecting rod; BD-a small epicycle; D- an axle; CD- a deferent.

Fig. 7. Principle of rotation force F_B →F_B , by the mean of a big epicycle (AB), in the first and third quadrant: CB- thermo/hydrocylinder with a connecting rod; BD- a small epicycle; CD-a deferent; AB-a big epicycle; AC-eccentar/elbow

Fig.8. Principle of rotation force F_B — ► F_B ,by the mean of a big epicycle (AB), in the second and the fourth quadrant:

CB-thermo/hydrocylinder with a connecting rod; BD-a small epicycle; CD-a deferent; AB-a big epicycle; AC-eccentar/elbow.

Fig.9. Mechanical oscillator in a threephase system:

BjD-a small epicycle; ABj- a big epicycle; CD- a deferent; CBj -thermo/hydrocylinder with a connecting rod; UMT- external dead point; θ-an angle of the thermo/hydrocilynder (CBj) oscilation at a circle of the small epicycle (BD); AC-an eccenter/elbow.

14 BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT OF THE INVENTION

The mechanical oscillator was originated from a mathematical model of thermodynamic oscillator^ from an equation (20) and its outlet equation (22) used to define of an energetic/quantitative state, i.e, they define magnitudes: of the small epicycle (1) and the deferent (3),in fig.3., of all planets, each one of any number. There is only one difference between them, for the reason that the thermodynamic oscillator funcions on the base of effect (action) of a rotary gravitational radial thermal field, individually or in mutual complex conditions. But, the mechanical oscillator funcions on the base of kinematic-machanic constraints, whose task is to produce an artificial rotary thermogravitation field. For that reason, the thermo/dynamic oscillator describes the everlasting motion of the Sun system known as "perpetumobile". Othervise, the mechanical oscillator does not produce effect "perpetumobile", by reason of overall available radial potency of a field-press power onto a piston of the shaft coupling only — of that field, intensity is used. On the contrary, the mechanical oscillator compared with other mechanical transmitters of potent energy, on the shaft-coupling gives the best effects, indeed.

A basic task of the mechanical oscillator is to transform a translated potential into force on a piston, into the rotary moment on the shaft-coupling. For translation of the rectilinear motion of the piston rod into the rotary motion, two subsystems are needed: the first one ougt to provide the circular motion of a piston rod eye, point B, fig.6. and fig.4.a. and the second subsystem's task is to provide the radial motion of the point B, fig.l, and the equations (5 and 20).

Circular motion is done by a subsystem of an eccenter/elbow (5), a big epicycle (2) and a thermo/hydrocylinder with a connecting rod (4). To that subsystem corresponds a piston radial hydro motor, as kinematically so functional, fig.(5). Indeed, a motion of a piston (4), fig.5, about circle is possible by action of the stator (3), with help of the eccenter (CA) making the complete analogy with the subsystem for the circular motion, fig.3.

The subsystem has been making the radial motion,fig.3. It includs: small epicycle (1), deferent (3) and thermo/hydrocylinder with a connecting rod (4). To the subsystem for the radial motion, correspond, kinematically and functionally: piston mechanism of internal combustion motor, without a crosshead, fig.4a; with the piston (2) , motor lever (3) and elbow (4).

At the same time, the shaft (B) in fig.3, belongs to three wholes: to the small epicycle (1), to the big epicycle (2) and to the thermo/ hydrocylinder with a connecting rod (4). The axle (B) makes the central place in the mechanical oscillator. Because of that,the axle (B) must satisfy:

-Condition of constancy of the angual velocity, the equation (23) which is related simultaneously onto: small epicycle (1), big epicycle (2) and deferent (3),

-Condition of the constancy in a moment of momentum , an equation (5), the constancy of a sector/areal velocity, an equation (20) which is simultaneously related onto thermo/hydrocylinder with a piston rod (4).

-Oscillation round, a driving shaft (6) for the angle:

Y Y 1 θ_mm = ±arctg — = ±arctg-^- - ±arctg— = ±9,46°, which is simultaneously related onto r_s 6r₀ 6 a thermo/hydrocylinder with a piston rod (4), fig-s.3 and 9. -Circular motion round, the axle (D), -Circular motion round the axle of a rotary connection (7).

1) V.Gordic: Sublimacija Keplerovih i III Njutnovog zakona u jedan zakon, www.tdo.co.vu. Uzice,2003.god. 15

Although of its secure role to complete mechanism of circular motion round the axle of a rotary connection (7) and a driving shaft (6) agreeably with the equation (23), the big epicycle

(2), fig3, acts on a change of a piston force direction F_B → F_B , fig-s. 7 and 8. In that way, the big epicycle acts, directly, onto multiplication of the nominal rotary moment on the shaft coupling, for 7 times in relation to the internal combistion motors, the equation (27).

Rotation of the axle (B) round the axle (D) is done in IV and I quandrants. The rotation of the axle (D) round the axle (B) is done in II and III quandrants, fig.-s 7,8 and 9. Due to this alternating rotation of the axle (B), round the axle (D), and the axle (D) round the axle (B), the change of the radius and the angular velocity of the thermo/hydro cilinder with piston (4), has been realised simultaneously, fig. 3, relating to fig-s 7,8,and 9. AU mentioned above has been making possibility of constant moment of momentum of the equation (5) to the mechanical oscillator, and the constancy of the sector velocity, of the equation (20), too.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

Multiplier of rotary moment with "lever"-big epicycle (AB) fig. 2.

The comparision of the internal combustion motor fig.4.a. with the thermodynamic oscillator, fig. 2. is shown in fig.6. where a lever CB in fig.6 , means the cylinder with a connecting rod. The rotary torque (moment) of force F_BV, round the point D in fig.6 is identical with the rotary torque ( of force) F_BV, round the shaft (4), point D, fig. 4. a.. By adding the big epicycle (AB), in fig. 6, the fig.7 is obtained, which shows that the horisontal component has changed its way for 180°; it caused of the resultant force FB, to change its rotation from the cylinder axis direction toward the position of the force F₈ . The rotation of the force, F_B — > F_B , the firsth and third quadrant fig. 7 is identical. The rotation of the force F_B → F_B , in the second and fourth quadrant is showen in fig.8.

If three cylinders with piston are linked into a star, at an angle of 120°, we get a fig. 9, which presents threephase thermo/hydraulic motor, named the Serb energizer. For the reason that there is limited space of built-in characteristics inside the mechanical oscillator, we will treat the quantum size scale of the Mars related to the Sun. In case that the radius of the small epicycle (1) in fig. 3 is the smallest distance of the planet Mercury from the Sun, which is marked with r₀ , then, according to a quantum law, the radius of the Mars' depherent (3) of middle distance of the Mars from the Sun is defined with: rs =6r₀ , it can be noteced that the crowbar CB; (lever) is the same as the thermo/hydrocylinder with piston rod (4), fig. 3.

In fig. 9, the cylinder 1., with a connecting rod eye Bi, is put into the inner dead center position, UMT, into the position when the change of force action way has being done, the force F_BI=0, that moment of system is the most unfavourable.

With help of means of vertical F_BV and horizontal F_BH force components on the piston, originated from the force F_B, fig-s 7. and 8, we are going to make the sum moment of forces round a point C, ∑M_C, fig.9.

The angle θ is determined from ΔCBD, by the aid of cosine and sine theorem, for accepted magnitudes : BD=r₀ and CD=r_s=6r₀→ θ = 7,68°. Projections of forces and their normal distances from a point C, state:

F_BH = 2F_B cos{60° - θ)

F_BV = 2F_B s\n(ω° - θ) , 16

y = r_s cos30° = 6r₀ — ,

x = r₀ + r_s sin 30° = r₀ + 6r₀ — .

In that ease, the moment of equation states:

2-ιM_c y ^• r _BH + X ^• r _BV Zr _B β _r._0y — cos( _v6_0_° - θ ^ )_/+. (. r._0ϋ + . -6 -r.₀„ j ,s —in( _v6~0-° - θ ~ ) , (OΔ\

= 2F_βr₀(3,176 + 3,166) = 12.68F_βr₀.

If an effect of the cylinder with a connecting rod osccilation, defined by an angle θ, we neglect: θ =0°, then the momentary equation (24) passes on to the equation (25) which states:

™_C = F_BH -y + F_BV x = 2F_B[ 6r₀ ==

In order to have a better view, we are going to use the equation (25) to compare the rotary moment of internal combustion motors in relation to rotary moment of the mechanical oscillator, although the coefficient of a sum round a point C in the equation (25) is less for ~ 4,58%, than in the equation (24), To receive a complete comparision, we will use nominal values of rotary moments. The nominal value of the rotary moment of motors with internal combustion is created at the moment when the rotary force F_BV passes onto F_B. It is a moment when a motor lever (3), fig.4.a, passes into a tangent line on the circle which is described by an elbow (4), it is: ΣM_D = F_Br₀. (26)

The equation (25) expresses ∑Mc in real (actuel) value. The nominal value is obtain by substitution of V3 with 2, since there were two cylinders with connecting rod, so ∑Mc of one cylinder, in nominal value is a half of a nominal velue of the equation (25), and it is:

ΣM_cι = F_B{r₀ + r_s ) = F_B(r_{0 +} 6r₀) = 7F_Br₀. (27)

Comparing the equation (27) with that one (26) we conclude: the nominal value of rotary moment in the mechanical oscillator , on each cylinder, is bigger than the nominal value of rotary moment in the internal combustion motor, on each cylinder, for 7 times too . So said, the mechanical oscillator with "a lever" - a big epicycle (AB), fig 7., has made bigger rotary moment of a system, on each cylinder for 7 times, in relation to the internal combustion motors, understanding a mutual equivalents: the force F_B on the piston and on the controled eccentricity r₀-

Claims

17

The mechanical oscillator, fig.3 has been originated from the thermodynamical oscillator, which had been derived on the base of an effect in a rotary gravitational field and a radial thermal field of the Sun system, by which the mathematical model is created, describing the comlete structure and function of the Sun system,so, that and such mathematical model made the effect of the field in the Sun system possible to be substituted with the mechanism effect and obtain a real copy of the thermodynamical oscillator-the mechanical oscillator, which satisfies any requirements in the law of inertial systems of reference, whose amount (sum) of moments of external forces is equal to zero, respectively, by the aid of the big epicycle (2), the change of the piston force direction F_B, into the new rotary direction F_B is achieved, by which is enabled the nominal torque on the coupling shaft enabled to encrease for 7 times each one of any cylinder, in relation to motors with internal combustion, so said, the applying of the cylinder with bilateral effects is enabled, i.e. the work of the cylinder is alternating-sine character, that makes a possibility for connection of three cylinders into a star, at an angle of 120°, when the system crosses onto a threephase alternating motor, driven by an energy of an artificial rotary thermogravitation field, named the Serb energizer, indicate by that, the mechanical oscillator, fig.3., functions by means of the thermo/hydro cylinder with the piston (4), which is with one end joined to the power driving shaft (6), and the other end is joined to the axle (B), with the help of: the eccentric/elbow (5), the big epicycle (20), the driving shaft (6), the axle of sliding valve (7) and the axle (B), the rotary motion of complete mechanism has been realized, on one hand; and on the other hand, with: the driving shaft (6), the deferent (3), the small epicycle (1), the axle (B) and the axle (D), realizes the coordinate change of radius with the rotary motion of the complete machanism according to the law about the moment constancy of the quontity motion, the equation (5) and the constancy sectorial speed, the equation (20).