WO2009099302A2 - Dye for a dye-sensitised solar cell, and a solar cell comprising the same - Google Patents
Dye for a dye-sensitised solar cell, and a solar cell comprising the same Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009099302A2 WO2009099302A2 PCT/KR2009/000561 KR2009000561W WO2009099302A2 WO 2009099302 A2 WO2009099302 A2 WO 2009099302A2 KR 2009000561 W KR2009000561 W KR 2009000561W WO 2009099302 A2 WO2009099302 A2 WO 2009099302A2
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- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 252
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 99
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003837 (C1-C20) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000332 coumarinyl group Chemical group O1C(=O)C(=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000005678 ethenylene group Chemical group [H]C([*:1])=C([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001484 phenothiazinyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2SC3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000732 arylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 polyvinylene, phenylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000006749 (C6-C60) aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000006615 aromatic heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005549 heteroarylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004653 anthracenylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002529 biphenylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3C12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005567 fluorenylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004957 naphthylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinic acid Chemical group O[PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical group OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005730 thiophenylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 68
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 97
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 84
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 81
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 76
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 69
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 56
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 51
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 50
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 46
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 45
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 43
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 37
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 37
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 36
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium sulphate Substances [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 32
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 26
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000004811 liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 17
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 17
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 17
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 16
- MLIREBYILWEBDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyanoacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC#N MLIREBYILWEBDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 10
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- JRMUNVKIHCOMHV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC JRMUNVKIHCOMHV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- RLOWWWKZYUNIDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinic chloride Chemical compound ClP=O RLOWWWKZYUNIDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229960001866 silicon dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- GLGNXYJARSMNGJ-VKTIVEEGSA-N (1s,2s,3r,4r)-3-[[5-chloro-2-[(1-ethyl-6-methoxy-2-oxo-4,5-dihydro-3h-1-benzazepin-7-yl)amino]pyrimidin-4-yl]amino]bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound CCN1C(=O)CCCC2=C(OC)C(NC=3N=C(C(=CN=3)Cl)N[C@H]3[C@H]([C@@]4([H])C[C@@]3(C=C4)[H])C(N)=O)=CC=C21 GLGNXYJARSMNGJ-VKTIVEEGSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229940125758 compound 15 Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000104 sodium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- KSAVQLQVUXSOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium lauroyl sarcosinate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)N(C)CC([O-])=O KSAVQLQVUXSOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- SZUVGFMDDVSKSI-WIFOCOSTSA-N (1s,2s,3s,5r)-1-(carboxymethyl)-3,5-bis[(4-phenoxyphenyl)methyl-propylcarbamoyl]cyclopentane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound O=C([C@@H]1[C@@H]([C@](CC(O)=O)([C@H](C(=O)N(CCC)CC=2C=CC(OC=3C=CC=CC=3)=CC=2)C1)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)N(CCC)CC(C=C1)=CC=C1OC1=CC=CC=C1 SZUVGFMDDVSKSI-WIFOCOSTSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QFLWZFQWSBQYPS-AWRAUJHKSA-N (3S)-3-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[5-[(3aS,6aR)-2-oxo-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrothieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl]pentanoylamino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl]amino]-4-[1-bis(4-chlorophenoxy)phosphorylbutylamino]-4-oxobutanoic acid Chemical compound CCCC(NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](Cc1ccc(O)cc1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CCCCC1SC[C@@H]2NC(=O)N[C@H]12)C(C)C)P(=O)(Oc1ccc(Cl)cc1)Oc1ccc(Cl)cc1 QFLWZFQWSBQYPS-AWRAUJHKSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012327 Ruthenium complex Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229940126543 compound 14 Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 5
- AOSZTAHDEDLTLQ-AZKQZHLXSA-N (1S,2S,4R,8S,9S,11S,12R,13S,19S)-6-[(3-chlorophenyl)methyl]-12,19-difluoro-11-hydroxy-8-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-9,13-dimethyl-6-azapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icosa-14,17-dien-16-one Chemical compound C([C@@H]1C[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4[C@@H](F)C3)C)(F)[C@@H](O)C[C@@]2([C@@]1(C1)C(=O)CO)C)N1CC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 AOSZTAHDEDLTLQ-AZKQZHLXSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WFOVEDJTASPCIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[(4-methyl-5-pyridin-4-yl-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)methylamino]-n-[[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methyl]benzamide Chemical compound N=1N=C(C=2C=CN=CC=2)N(C)C=1CNC(C=1)=CC=CC=1C(=O)NCC1=CC=CC=C1C(F)(F)F WFOVEDJTASPCIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940126657 Compound 17 Drugs 0.000 description 4
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229950000688 phenothiazine Drugs 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- VDZOOKBUILJEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC VDZOOKBUILJEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- FQMZXMVHHKXGTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1-adamantyl)-n-[2-[2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethylamino]quinolin-5-yl]acetamide Chemical compound C1C(C2)CC(C3)CC2CC13CC(=O)NC1=CC=CC2=NC(NCCNCCO)=CC=C21 FQMZXMVHHKXGTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PYRKKGOKRMZEIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[6-(2-cyclopropylethoxy)-9-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)-1h-phenanthro[9,10-d]imidazol-2-yl]-5-fluorobenzene-1,3-dicarbonitrile Chemical compound C1=C2C3=CC(CC(C)(O)C)=CC=C3C=3NC(C=4C(=CC(F)=CC=4C#N)C#N)=NC=3C2=CC=C1OCCC1CC1 PYRKKGOKRMZEIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WYFCZWSWFGJODV-MIANJLSGSA-N 4-[[(1s)-2-[(e)-3-[3-chloro-2-fluoro-6-(tetrazol-1-yl)phenyl]prop-2-enoyl]-5-(4-methyl-2-oxopiperazin-1-yl)-3,4-dihydro-1h-isoquinoline-1-carbonyl]amino]benzoic acid Chemical compound O=C1CN(C)CCN1C1=CC=CC2=C1CCN(C(=O)\C=C\C=1C(=CC=C(Cl)C=1F)N1N=NN=C1)[C@@H]2C(=O)NC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 WYFCZWSWFGJODV-MIANJLSGSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PSLUFJFHTBIXMW-WYEYVKMPSA-N [(3r,4ar,5s,6s,6as,10s,10ar,10bs)-3-ethenyl-10,10b-dihydroxy-3,4a,7,7,10a-pentamethyl-1-oxo-6-(2-pyridin-2-ylethylcarbamoyloxy)-5,6,6a,8,9,10-hexahydro-2h-benzo[f]chromen-5-yl] acetate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H]([C@]2(O[C@](C)(CC(=O)[C@]2(O)[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)CCC(C)(C)[C@@H]21)C=C)C)OC(=O)C)C(=O)NCCC1=CC=CC=N1 PSLUFJFHTBIXMW-WYEYVKMPSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SMNRFWMNPDABKZ-WVALLCKVSA-N [[(2R,3S,4R,5S)-5-(2,6-dioxo-3H-pyridin-3-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl] [[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-4-fluoro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-hydroxyphosphoryl] hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OC[C@H]2O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]2O)C2C=CC(=O)NC2=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](F)[C@@H]1O SMNRFWMNPDABKZ-WVALLCKVSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940127573 compound 38 Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- LSEFCHWGJNHZNT-UHFFFAOYSA-M methyl(triphenyl)phosphanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].C=1C=CC=CC=1[P+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 LSEFCHWGJNHZNT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PIDFDZJZLOTZTM-KHVQSSSXSA-N ombitasvir Chemical compound COC(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)NC1=CC=C([C@H]2N([C@@H](CC2)C=2C=CC(NC(=O)[C@H]3N(CCC3)C(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)OC)C(C)C)=CC=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)C(C)(C)C)C=C1 PIDFDZJZLOTZTM-KHVQSSSXSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229940056729 sodium sulfate anhydrous Drugs 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ASGMFNBUXDJWJJ-JLCFBVMHSA-N (1R,3R)-3-[[3-bromo-1-[4-(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)phenyl]pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-6-yl]amino]-N,1-dimethylcyclopentane-1-carboxamide Chemical compound BrC1=NN(C2=NC(=NC=C21)N[C@H]1C[C@@](CC1)(C(=O)NC)C)C1=CC=C(C=C1)C=1SC(=NN=1)C ASGMFNBUXDJWJJ-JLCFBVMHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UAOUIVVJBYDFKD-XKCDOFEDSA-N (1R,9R,10S,11R,12R,15S,18S,21R)-10,11,21-trihydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-14-methylidene-4-(prop-2-enylamino)-20-oxa-5-thia-3-azahexacyclo[9.7.2.112,15.01,9.02,6.012,18]henicosa-2(6),3-dien-13-one Chemical compound C([C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@]23C(C1=C)=O)C[C@H]2[C@]12C(N=C(NCC=C)S4)=C4CC(C)(C)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@]3(O)OC2 UAOUIVVJBYDFKD-XKCDOFEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ABJSOROVZZKJGI-OCYUSGCXSA-N (1r,2r,4r)-2-(4-bromophenyl)-n-[(4-chlorophenyl)-(2-fluoropyridin-4-yl)methyl]-4-morpholin-4-ylcyclohexane-1-carboxamide Chemical compound C1=NC(F)=CC(C(NC(=O)[C@H]2[C@@H](C[C@@H](CC2)N2CCOCC2)C=2C=CC(Br)=CC=2)C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)=C1 ABJSOROVZZKJGI-OCYUSGCXSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IUSARDYWEPUTPN-OZBXUNDUSA-N (2r)-n-[(2s,3r)-4-[[(4s)-6-(2,2-dimethylpropyl)spiro[3,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-b]pyridine-2,1'-cyclobutane]-4-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-[3-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)phenyl]butan-2-yl]-2-methoxypropanamide Chemical compound C([C@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](C)OC)[C@H](O)CN[C@@H]1C2=CC(CC(C)(C)C)=CN=C2OC2(CCC2)C1)C(C=1)=CC=CC=1C1=NC=CS1 IUSARDYWEPUTPN-OZBXUNDUSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- XFVZSRRZZNLWBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(Diethylamino)salicylaldehyde Chemical compound CCN(CC)C1=CC=C(C=O)C(O)=C1 XFVZSRRZZNLWBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BXRFQSNOROATLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-nitrobenzaldehyde Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 BXRFQSNOROATLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QPQKUYVSJWQSDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-phenyldiazenylaniline Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1N=NC1=CC=CC=C1 QPQKUYVSJWQSDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bipyridyl Chemical class N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GMGLGUFSJCMZNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N BrCCCCCC.BrCCCCCC Chemical compound BrCCCCCC.BrCCCCCC GMGLGUFSJCMZNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AQELLFPOCNPRAE-BIHBDMRUSA-N C/C=C(\C=C/C=C)/N(/C(/C)=C/C=C(\C)/C=C/C=C(/C)\C=C)c1ccc(/C=C(/c2ccc(C/C=C(/C(O)=O)\C#N)[s]2)\C#N)cc1 Chemical compound C/C=C(\C=C/C=C)/N(/C(/C)=C/C=C(\C)/C=C/C=C(/C)\C=C)c1ccc(/C=C(/c2ccc(C/C=C(/C(O)=O)\C#N)[s]2)\C#N)cc1 AQELLFPOCNPRAE-BIHBDMRUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLTHLVWXCRJFBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCc1ccc(C(C)C)[s]1 Chemical compound CCc1ccc(C(C)C)[s]1 YLTHLVWXCRJFBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940126639 Compound 33 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNUZDKCDAWUEGK-CYZMBNFOSA-N Sitafloxacin Chemical compound C([C@H]1N)N(C=2C(=C3C(C(C(C(O)=O)=CN3[C@H]3[C@H](C3)F)=O)=CC=2F)Cl)CC11CC1 PNUZDKCDAWUEGK-CYZMBNFOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical group C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-ZSJDYOACSA-N Sulfuric acid-d2 Chemical compound [2H]OS(=O)(=O)O[2H] QAOWNCQODCNURD-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002490 anilino group Chemical group [H]N(*)C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002178 anthracenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-ol;titanium Chemical compound [Ti].CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- ARQRPTNYUOLOGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chcl3 chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl.ClC(Cl)Cl ARQRPTNYUOLOGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960000956 coumarin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000001671 coumarin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006059 cover glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007606 doctor blade method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005283 ground state Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012280 lithium aluminium hydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- FEIOASZZURHTHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 4-formylbenzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 FEIOASZZURHTHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940078552 o-xylene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- LXNAVEXFUKBNMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(II) acetate Substances [Pd].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O LXNAVEXFUKBNMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Pd+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- SEVSMVUOKAMPDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-Acetoxybenzaldehyde Natural products CC(=O)OC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 SEVSMVUOKAMPDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920001197 polyacetylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012312 sodium hydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)(C)[O-] MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical class [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B57/00—Other synthetic dyes of known constitution
- C09B57/10—Metal complexes of organic compounds not being dyes in uncomplexed form
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B47/00—Porphines; Azaporphines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B47/00—Porphines; Azaporphines
- C09B47/04—Phthalocyanines abbreviation: Pc
- C09B47/08—Preparation from other phthalocyanine compounds, e.g. cobaltphthalocyanineamine complex
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
- H10K85/341—Transition metal complexes, e.g. Ru(II)polypyridine complexes
- H10K85/344—Transition metal complexes, e.g. Ru(II)polypyridine complexes comprising ruthenium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
- H10K85/361—Polynuclear complexes, i.e. complexes comprising two or more metal centers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/631—Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine
- H10K85/636—Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine comprising heteroaromatic hydrocarbons as substituents on the nitrogen atom
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/653—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom comprising only oxygen as heteroatom
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
- H01G9/2027—Light-sensitive devices comprising an oxide semiconductor electrode
- H01G9/2031—Light-sensitive devices comprising an oxide semiconductor electrode comprising titanium oxide, e.g. TiO2
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
- H01G9/2059—Light-sensitive devices comprising an organic dye as the active light absorbing material, e.g. adsorbed on an electrode or dissolved in solution
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
- H10K85/311—Phthalocyanine
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
- H10K85/381—Metal complexes comprising a group IIB metal element, e.g. comprising cadmium, mercury or zinc
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/655—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom comprising only sulfur as heteroatom
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a dye used in a dye-sensitized solar cell and a dye-sensitized solar cell using the same. More particularly, a novel dye having a high light absorption is prepared and applied to a light absorbing layer for a solar cell to improve photoelectric current conversion efficiency.
- the present invention relates to a dye that can increase the open voltage.
- Dye-sensitized solar cells instead of the electrical energy used in the organic electroluminescent display (OLED) driving mechanism, are a mechanism that absorbs the light energy of visible light and generates electron-hole pairs. It is a photoelectrochemical solar cell whose main component material is a transition metal oxide which transfers electrons.
- a dye-sensitized solar cell using nanoparticle titanium oxide developed in 1991 by Michael Graetzel of the Swiss National Institute of Advanced Technology (EPFL), is a representative example of conventional dye-sensitized solar cells.
- the dye-sensitized solar cells developed by them have the advantage that they can be applied to glass walls or glass greenhouses of buildings due to the transparent electrodes and are cheaper to manufacture than conventional silicon solar cells. .
- the photoelectric current conversion efficiency is proportional to the amount of electrons generated by the absorption of sunlight.
- the conventional method has a limitation in improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell, and therefore, the development of a new technology for improving the efficiency, in particular, the improvement of the photoelectric conversion efficiency through the development of a new dye having high light absorption and broad light absorption area. This situation is urgent required.
- the present invention provides a compound having a structure of the following formula (1) or (2) and a dye for a dye-sensitized solar cell comprising the same.
- X 1 and X 2 are independently a substituent consisting of a (C6-C60) aryl group, a (C3-C60) heteroaryl group, or a combination thereof, wherein at least one of X 1 and X 2 is a popinyl group, phenothia A vinyl group, a coumarinyl group, or a phthalocyanyl group;
- Y 1 and Y 2 are independently a substituent consisting of a (C 6 -C 60) aromatic hydrocarbon group, a (C 3 -C 60) aromatic heterocyclic group, a combination thereof, or Y 3 and Y 4 are independently selected from a substituent consisting of a (C 6 -C 60) aryl group, a (C 3 -C 60) heteroaryl group, or a combination thereof, at least one of Y 1 to Y 4 is selected from A popinyl group, a phenothiazinyl group, a coumarinyl group, or a phthalocyanyl group;
- Z 1 and Z 2 are independently a chemical bond or are selected from (C 6 -C 30) arylene, at least one (C 3 -C 30) heteroarylene, at least one vinylene, or a combination thereof;
- a 1 and A 2 are acidic functional groups
- the aryl, heteroaryl, arylene, heteroaryl or vinylene group is further substituted with one or more substituents selected from (C1-C20) alkyl, (C1-C20) alkoxy, halogen, amino, nitro and cyano (CN) groups. May be substituted.]
- the first step in driving a solar cell in a dye-sensitized solar cell is the process of generating a photo charge from the light energy.
- a dye material is used to generate a photo charge, and the dye material is excited by absorbing light transmitted through the conductive transparent substrate.
- Metal complexes are widely used as the dye material, and mono, bis, or tris (substituted 2,2'-bipyridine) complex salts of ruthenium are generally used among the metal complexes.
- they have relatively high efficiencies with the advantage that both metallization and absorption by the ligand and the metal to ligand charge transfer (MLCT) can be used.
- MLCT metal to ligand charge transfer
- they have a problem in that the efficiency of the electrons excited by light in the bottom state of the metal composite falls back to the ground state is relatively high, resulting in low efficiency.
- many cases have been reported in which various electron transfer materials are introduced into a metal complex through covalent bonds.
- the introduction of electron transfer materials through covalent bonds has a problem that the process is very complicated and difficult to introduce various electron transfer materials.
- the larger the light absorbing area and the higher the light absorbency is advantageous, but the conventional ruthenium composite has a problem of low light absorbance.
- a new dye having high light absorbency was synthesized by providing a compound or ruthenium complex in which a popinyl group, phenothiazinyl group, coumarinyl group, and phthalocyanyl group were introduced into an aniline structure as a dye for a solar cell.
- a popinyl group, phenothiazinyl group, coumarinyl group, and phthalocyanyl group were introduced into an aniline structure as a dye for a solar cell.
- the dye for a dye-sensitized solar cell according to the present invention is selected from the compounds of Formula 1 or Formula 2.
- the aryl is an aromatic hydrocarbon group selected from the group consisting of phenyl group, naphthyl group, anthracenyl group, fluorenyl group, biphenyl group, and combinations thereof, and has a carbocycle aromatic compound having 6 to 30 carbon atoms. (carbocyclic aromatic compound) is preferred.
- the heteroaryl is an aromatic heterocyclic group containing a hetero element such as nitrogen (N), sulfur (S), oxygen (O) to form an aromatic ring, pyran, pyrrole, thiophene, carbazole and combinations thereof It is preferable to select from the substituent which consists of.
- Z 1 and Z 2 is a chemical bond or in the form of a radical capable of bonding at both ends, and is selected from arylene, heteroarylene, vinylene and combinations thereof, specifically vinylene, polyvinylene, phenyl Ethylene, naphthylene, anthracenylene, fluorenylene, biphenylene, pyranylene, pyrrolene, thiophenylene, carbazoylene group or a combination thereof.
- the A 1 and A 2 is an acidic functional group, specifically, selected from a substituent consisting of a carboxyl group, a phosphorous acid group, a sulfonic acid group, a phosphinic acid group, a hydroxy group, an oxycarboxylic acid, an acid amide, and a combination thereof, and more preferably.
- Carboxyl group is an acidic functional group, specifically, selected from a substituent consisting of a carboxyl group, a phosphorous acid group, a sulfonic acid group, a phosphinic acid group, a hydroxy group, an oxycarboxylic acid, an acid amide, and a combination thereof, and more preferably.
- Carboxyl group is an acidic functional group, specifically, selected from a substituent consisting of a carboxyl group, a phosphorous acid group, a sulfonic acid group, a phosphinic acid group, a hydroxy group, an oxycarboxylic
- the dye includes at least one functional group selected from a popinyl group, a phenothiazinyl group, a coumarinyl group, or a phthalocyanyl group in the compound, and a popinyl group, phenothiazinyl group, and coumarinyl group in one compound. Or more preferably two or more functional groups selected from phthalocyanyl groups.
- the compound of Formula 1 is more specifically selected from the compound of Formula 3, the compound of Formula 2 is more specifically selected from the compound of Formula 4 or Formula 5.
- [X 11 and Y 11 to Y 13 in Chemical Formulas 3 to 5 may be independently selected from the following structures:
- X 12 is selected from the structure
- Z 11 and Z 12 are independently Is selected from,
- Z 21 to Z 24 are independently Is selected from,
- n is an integer from 0 to 4
- j is an integer from 0 to 2
- k is an integer from 0 to 4
- p is an integer of 0-2
- q is an integer of 0-4.
- R 11 to R 22 and R 30 to R 31 are independently hydrogen or selected from (C 1 -C 20) alkyl, (C 1 -C 20) alkoxy, halogen element, amino group, nitro group or cyano group (CN).]
- the compound of Formula 3 to Formula 5 is specifically selected from compounds of the following structure, in the compound of the structure 11 To R 22 , R 31 To R 32 And R 40 Is independently selected from hydrogen or (C1-C20) alkyl, n is an integer from 0 to 4, a is 0 or 1, b is an integer from 0 to 2, c is 0 or 1, d is 0 It is an integer of 2 to.
- the present invention provides a solar cell containing at least one of the dye materials according to the present invention in a light absorption layer.
- FIG. 1 The vertical structure of the solar cell containing the dye material according to the present invention is shown in FIG. 1.
- the titanium alkoxide solution is coated on an FTO glass substrate and then dried, followed by coating, drying, and heat treating a titania sol to form a titania film.
- the substrate on which the titania film is formed is immersed in a dye-containing solution and dried to adsorb the dye onto the titania film made of titania particles.
- a substrate having a dye layer and a substrate having an electrode layer were bonded to each other to manufacture a solar cell having a structure as shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a dye-sensitized solar cell device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 13 is a current-voltage curve of a solar cell prepared using compounds 102 and 103,
- 17 is a current-voltage curve of a solar cell prepared using compound 108,
- 19 is a current-voltage curve of a solar cell prepared using Compound 110.
- Compound 11 Compound 10 (4.50 g, 16.46 mmol) is added to glacial acetic acid (50 ml), and the temperature is raised to 70 ° C. After confirming that the reactants are completely dissolved, KI (5.46g, 32.87mmol), KIO 3 (10.56 g, 49.33 mmol) was added and then stirred for 3 hours. After cooling the reaction solution, the resulting solids are filtered and washed several times with water. The product was dissolved in dichloromethane, washed with dilute ammonia solution (pH ⁇ 8), and then NaHSO 3 Wash several times with saturated solution and water.
- Compound 14 Compound 13 (3.0 g, 13.80 mmol), DMF (3.2 ml, 38.4 mmol) and POCl 3 (3.9 ml, 38.4 mmol) were added to 1,2-dichloroethane (20 ml). Next, the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 1 hour and then refluxed for 1 hour. The reaction solution is cooled to room temperature, poured slowly into a saturated aqueous sodium acetate solution, and then stirred for 10 minutes. Extracted with dichloromethane, the organic layer was separated and dried over MgSO 4 .
- Compound 16 Compound 15 (0.15 g, 0.68 mmol), Compound 11 (0.15 g, 0.28 mmol), Pd (OAc) 2 (3 mg, 0.014 mmol), K 2 CO 3 (0.14g, 0.14mmol), Bu 4 NBr (0.18 g, 0.57 mmol) was added to DMF (5 ml), then the temperature was raised to 95 ° C. and stirred for 16 h. After cooling the reaction solution, water (50ml) is added and extracted with dichloromethane.
- Compound 18 Compound 17 (6.10 g, 9.79 mmol), 2-thiophenebronic acid (0.42 g, 3.26 mmol), Pd (PPh) 4 (0.15 g, 0.13 mmol), K 2 CO 3 (1.18 g, 9.79 mmol) was added to DMF (5 ml), then the temperature was raised to 60 ° C. and stirred for 2 hours. After cooling the reaction solution, water (50ml) is added and extracted with dichloromethane.
- Compound 20 Compound 15 (0.41 g, 1.68 mmol), Compound 19 (0.28 g, 0.46 mmol), Pd (OAc) 2 (5mg, 0.023mmol), K 2 CO 3 (0.22g, 1.84mmol), Bu 4 NBr (0.30 g, 0.92 mmol) was added to DMF (5 ml), then the temperature was 95 Raise to C and stir for 6 hours. After cooling the reaction solution, water (50ml) was added and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer was separated and then MgSO 4 After drying under reduced pressure, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and the liquid was chromatographed with dichloromethane as a developing solvent. (0.36 g, 100%).
- Compound 21 Compound 17 (3.20 g, 5.13 mmol), 2,2'-bithiophene-5-bronic acid pinacol ester (0.50 g, 1.71 mmol), Pd ( PPh) 4 (79mg, 0.068mmol), K 2 CO 3 (0.62 g, 5.13 mmol) was added to DMF (5 ml), and then the temperature was 60 Raise to C and stir for 2 hours. After cooling the reaction solution, water (50ml) was added and extracted with dichloromethane.
- Compound 23 Compound 15 (0.20 g, 0.82 mmol), Compound 22 (0.24 g, 0.35 mmol), Pd (OAc) 2 (4mg, 0.017mmol), K 2 CO 3 (0.17g, 1.40mmol), Bu 4 NBr (0.22 g, 0.70 mmol) was added to DMF (5 ml), then the temperature was 95 Raise to C and stir for 16 h. After cooling the reaction solution, water (50ml) was added and extracted with dichloromethane.
- Compound 25 Compound 24 (1.0 g, 1.59 mmol), DMF (1.3 ml, 15.87 mmol), POCl in 1,2-Dichloroethane (20 ml) 3 (1.6ml, 15.87mmol) was added thereto, stirred at room temperature for 10 minutes, and refluxed for 16 hours. The reaction solution is cooled to room temperature, poured slowly into a saturated aqueous sodium acetate solution, and then stirred for 10 minutes. Extract with dichloromethane, separate organic layer, MgSO 4 To dry. The solvent was removed by distillation under reduced pressure, and liquid chromatography was carried out using dichloromethane as a developing solvent to obtain a red solid compound (0.86 g, 81.1%).
- Compound 26 Compound 25 (0.48 g, 2.19 mmol), Compound 15 (0.48 g, 0.73 mmol), Pd (OAc) 2 (8mg, 0.036mmol), K 2 CO 3 (0.35g, 2.92mmol), Bu 4 NBr (0.47 g, 1.46 mmol) was added to DMF (5 ml), then the temperature was raised to 95 ° C. and stirred for 16 h. After cooling the reaction solution, water (50ml) was added and extracted with dichloromethane.
- Absorption of the ultraviolet-visible region of the compound 104 was measured at 2 * 10 -5 M concentration using 2-methoxyethanol as a solvent, as shown in FIG. 5, and the absorbance of 58000 dm 3 mol -1 cm -1 was measured. Indicated.
- Compound 28 Compound 27 in Glacial acetic acid (10 ml) (1.0 g, 3.32 mmol) was added and the temperature was raised to 70 ° C. After confirming that the reactants are all dissolved, KI (0.55g, 3.32mmol), KIO 3 (1.07 g, 4.98 mmol) is added and then stirred for 16 hours. After cooling the reaction solution, the resulting solids are filtered and washed several times with water. The product was dissolved in dichloromethane, washed with dilute ammonia solution (pH ⁇ 8), and then NaHSO 3 Wash several times with saturated solution and water. MgSO organic layer 4 To a light yellow solid which is then dried under reduced pressure to remove the solvent.
- Compound 29 Compound 28 (0.34 g, 1.55 mmol), Compound 15 (0.66 g, 1.55 mmol), Pd (OAc) 2 (17mg, 0.077mmol), K 2 CO 3 (0.56g, 4.65mmol), Bu 4 NBr (0.75 g, 2.33 mmol) was added to DMF (5 ml), then the temperature was 95 Raise to C and stir for 4 h. After cooling the reaction solution, water (50ml) is added and extracted with dichloromethane.
- the absorbance of the ultraviolet-visible region at 2.5 * 10 -5 M concentration using 2-methoxyethanol as a solvent for the compound 105 was shown in FIG. 6, and the absorbance of 67000 dm 3 mol -1 cm -1 was measured. Indicated.
- Compound 32 Compound 31 (3.0 g, 13.56 mmol) was added to Isopropyl alcohol (100 ml), and a solution of NaSH (6.03 g, 108.48 mmol) dissolved in water (5 ml) was added thereto, followed by reflux for 16 hours. do. After cooling the reaction solution, the solvent is removed under reduced pressure and washed with excess water. Ethyl acetate is added to completely dissolve the resulting solids, and then poured into water (100 ml) and stirred for 10 minutes.
- Compound 36 Compound 32 in o-Xylene (20 ml) (0.25 g, 1.21 mmol), Compound 35 (1.09g, 3.0mmol), Pd (OAc) 2 (11 mg, 0.05 mmol), P ( t Bu) 3 (0.03ml), NaO t Bu (0.35 g, 1.63 mmol) is added and then refluxed for 16 h. After cooling the reaction solution, the catalyst and by-products are removed by filtration, and then the solvent is removed under reduced pressure.
- Compound 37 Compound 36 in THF (150 ml), water (50 ml) (0.39g, 0.51mmol), CF 3 COOH (10 ml) is added and then stirred for 1 hour. NaHCO 3 The reaction solution is neutralized with an aqueous solution and then extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer was separated and then MgSO 4 After drying under reduced pressure, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and the liquid was chromatographed with dichloromethane as a developing solvent. (0.24 g, 68.6%).
- Compound 38 Compound 34 (7.07 g, 24.94 mmol), DMF (5.82 ml, 74.83 mmol), and POCl 3 (6.98 ml, 74.83 mmol) were added to 1,2-dichloroethane (30 ml). Next, the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 1 hour and then refluxed for 2 hours. The reaction solution is cooled to room temperature, poured slowly into a saturated aqueous sodium acetate solution, and then stirred for 10 minutes. Extracted with dichloromethane, the organic layer was separated and dried over MgSO 4 .
- Compound 40 Compound 11 (0.19 g, 0.36 mmol) prepared in Synthesis Example 1, compound 39 (0.27 g, 0.87 mmol), Pd (OAc) 2 (4mg, 0.018mmol), K 2 CO 3 (0.17g, 1.44mmol), Bu 4 NBr (0.23 g, 0.72 mmol) was added to DMF (5 ml), and then the temperature was 95 Raise to C and stir for 6 hours. After cooling the reaction solution, water (50ml) was added and extracted with dichloromethane.
- the absorption wavelength of the ultraviolet-visible wide region of the compound 107 is shown in FIG. 8. Under 1.5 * 10 -5 M condition using 2-methoxyethanol as a solvent, the absorbance is 70,000 dm 3 mol -1 cm -1 or more, which is significantly higher than that of conventional dyes.
- Triethylamine (4.67ml, 33.5mmol) is added and stirred for 30 minutes before terminating the reaction.
- TLC dichloromethane
- Compound 45 Compound 11 (120 mg, 0.19 mmol) and Compound 44 (40 mg, 0.077 mmol) prepared in Synthesis Example 1 were added to the purified dimethylformamide (3 ml) after blocking light under a nitrogen stream, followed by stirring. do.
- Palladium (II) acetate (8 mg, 0.039 mmol), tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB, 62 mg, 0.19 mmol), anhydrous potassium carbonate anhydrous (K 2 CO 3 , 56 mg, 0.462 ) Is added and stirred at 95 ° C. for 15 hours. Extract using dichloromethane.
- Compound 52 Compound 51 in Absolute ethanol (80 ml) (1.0 g, 4.09 mmol) was added, the mixture was stirred for 10 minutes, and concentrated sulfuric acid (1 ml) was added to the reaction solution, followed by reflux for 80 hours. After the temperature was lowered to room temperature and distilled water (80 ml) was added, the solution was neutralized with 1M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. The resulting solid is filtered and dried to give a white solid compound (1.18g, 95.0%) is obtained. M.p.
- Compound 53 Compound 52 in Absolute ethanol (70 ml) (1.1 g, 3.66 mmol) and sodium borohydride (2.77 g, 73.2 mmol) are added, and the reaction solution is refluxed for 3 hours. Lower the temperature to room temperature, and add a solution of ammonium chloride solution (3.8g, 75.0mmol) in distilled water (75ml) to the reaction solution. The white solid product is filtered off and then depressurized to remove the solvent. Ethyl acetate was added to completely dissolve the produced solids, and then the organic layer was separated and then MgSO 4 After drying under reduced pressure, the solvent is removed to give a pale pink solid compound. (0.69 g, 87.5%). M.p.
- Compound 54 Compound 53 (0.69 g, 3.16 mmol) is dissolved in 48% HBr (15.5 ml) and concentrated sulfuric acid (5.1 ml) and refluxed for 6 hours. After cooling the reaction solution, distilled water (30 ml) is added. After neutralizing with 1M sodium hydroxide solution, the pale pink solid product was filtered and dissolved in chloroform. The organic layer was separated and then MgSO 4 After drying under reduced pressure, the solvent is removed to give a pale pink solid compound. (0.83 g, 76.0%) is obtained. M.p.
- Compound 56 Compound 55 (0.40 g, 0.88 mmol) and 95% NaH (64 mg, 2.62 mmol) were added to THF (10 ml), followed by stirring for 30 minutes, followed by compound 14 (0.46 g, 2.10 mmol) prepared in Synthesis Example 1. Add and stir for 16 hours. Water (50 ml) was added to the reaction solution, followed by extraction with chloroform. The organic layer was separated and then MgSO. 4 To dry. Solvent is removed under reduced pressure, and the solid formed by methanol is washed (0.25 g, 48.1%).
- Compound 109 has an absorption up to about 740 nm (band edge), shows an absorption wavelength of coumarin structure at 465 nm and a metal to ligand charge transfer (MLCT) band at 557 nm, and a molar extinction coefficient ( ⁇ , M -1 cm -1 ) are calculated as 54,000 (465 nm) and 23,000 (557 nm), respectively.
- MLCT metal to ligand charge transfer
- the MLCT band was moved to a long wavelength of about 43 nm while having a much higher absorbance than N719.
- Such high absorbance allows light to be absorbed more efficiently when applied to solar cells, thus further improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.
- Compound 57 Compound 55 (0.20 g, 0.44 mmol) and 95% NaH (32 mg, 1.31 mmol) prepared in Synthesis Example 9 were added to THF (5 ml), and stirred for 1 hour, followed by compound 38 prepared in Synthesis Example 7. (0.33 g, 1.05 mmol) was added and stirred for 16 hours. Water (50 ml) was added to the reaction solution, followed by extraction with chloroform. The organic layer was separated and then MgSO. 4 To dry. Remove the solvent by depressurizing and wash the solid produced with methanol. (0.24 g, 70.6%).
- Compound 110 had absorption up to about 740 nm (band edge), showed maximum absorption wavelength at 307 nm, absorption wavelength of phenothiazine structure at 434 nm, and metal to ligand charge transfer (MLCT) band at 545 nm.
- the molar extinction coefficients ( ⁇ , M -1 cm -1 ) are calculated as 100,000 (307 nm), 59,000 (434 nm) and 28,000 (545 nm), respectively.
- the MLCT band was moved to a long wavelength at about 30 nm while having a much higher absorbance than N719. Such high absorbance allows light to be absorbed more efficiently when applied to solar cells, thus further improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.
- the dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells of Synthesis Examples 1 to 10 have a high absorbance of 5 times or more than conventional dyes (N719), and thus can be improved in photoelectric conversion efficiency when applied to dye-sensitized solar cells.
- Dysol titania (TiO 2 ) is coated on the FTO glass by the doctor blade method.
- the coated film is dried in an oven at 100 ° C. for 10 minutes and then heat treated at 450 ° C. for 30 minutes to obtain a 10 micrometer thick TiO 2 film.
- the TiO 2 film is immersed in an anhydrous ethanol solution of the synthesized dye at a concentration of 0.5 mM for 24 hours to adsorb the dye (when the dye is not dissolved in anhydrous ethanol, a solvent that can be dissolved is dissolved. use).
- the dye that has not been adsorbed with anhydrous ethanol is thoroughly washed and dried. The dye-adsorbed film is scraped off, leaving only the size of 4 mm x 4 mm.
- the electrolyte solution was 0.1 M LiI, 0.05 MI 2 , 0.6 M 1-hexyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium iodide and 0.5 M 4-t-butylpyridine. (4- tert- butylpyridine) was prepared using 3-methoxypropionitrile solvent.
- the M236 source measure unit SMU, Keithley was used to obtain the current-voltage curve.
- the electric potential ranged from -0.8 V to 0.2 V, and the light intensity was 100 mW / cm 2 .
- the solar cell device was manufactured by the method described above, and its characteristics were checked. Opening voltages (V oc ) and short circuits measured from the used dye and the manufactured solar cell device were measured.
- the current (J sc ), fill factor (FF), and photoelectric conversion efficiency (%) are shown in Table 3 below.
- the efficiency according to the following examples is based on device structure, size of titanium oxide, and concentration of co-adsorbant. And type, concentration and type of electrolyte, and the like, and are therefore not limited to the following values.
- the dye according to the present invention exhibits high light absorption, and the dye-sensitized solar cell including the dye has excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency.
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a dye for a dye-sensitised solar cell. The dye according to the present invention has a high degree of light absorbency and can improve the photoelectric current conversion efficiency when employed in a light-absorbing layer for a solar cell.
Description
본 발명은 염료 감응 태양전지에 사용하는 염료와 이를 이용한 염료 감응 태양전지에 관한 것으로, 보다 자세하게는 높은 광 흡수도를 가지는 신규 염료를 제조하고 이를 태양 전지용 광 흡수층에 적용하여 광전 전류 변환 효율을 향상 시키고 개방전압을 증가 시킬 수 있는 염료에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a dye used in a dye-sensitized solar cell and a dye-sensitized solar cell using the same. More particularly, a novel dye having a high light absorption is prepared and applied to a light absorbing layer for a solar cell to improve photoelectric current conversion efficiency. The present invention relates to a dye that can increase the open voltage.
최근 들어 지구온난화의 주범으로 지목되는 이산화탄소의 배출량을 감소시키고 직면하는 에너지 문제를 해결하기 위하여 기존의 화석 연료를 대체할 수 있는 다양한 연구가 진행되어 오고 있다. 풍력, 원자력, 태양광 등의 자연 에너지를 활용하기 위한 광범위한 연구가 멀지 않은 장래에 고갈될 석유 자원을 대체하기 위한 연구로 진행되어 오고 있으며, 이 중 태양에너지를 이용한 태양 전지는 가장 환경친화적이며, 다른 에너지원과는 달리 우리가 적절한 활용방법만 개발하면 자원이 무한하다. 셀레니움(Se)을 이용한 태양전지가 1983년 개발된 이후로 최근에는 실리콘 태양 전지가 각광을 받고 있으나, 제작 비용 측면에서 상당히 고가이기 때문에 실용화에는 한계가 있고, 전지효율이 아직은 상당히 부족하다. 이러한 문제를 극복하기 위하여 비용이 저렴한 염료 감응 태양 전지의 개발이 여러 그룹에서 적극 검토되어 오고 있다.Recently, various studies have been conducted to replace existing fossil fuels in order to reduce the emission of carbon dioxide which is the main cause of global warming and to solve the energy problem. Extensive research to exploit natural energy such as wind, nuclear power and solar light has been conducted to replace petroleum resources that will be exhausted in the near future. Among these, solar cells using solar energy are the most environmentally friendly, Unlike other energy sources, resources can be infinite if we only develop appropriate methods of use. Since solar cells using selenium (Se) were developed in 1983, silicon solar cells have been in the spotlight in recent years, but they are limited in practical use because they are quite expensive in terms of manufacturing cost, and battery efficiency is still quite insufficient. To overcome this problem, the development of low-cost dye-sensitized solar cells has been actively studied by various groups.
유기전기발광디스플레이(OLED)의 구동메카니즘에서 사용했던 전기에너지 대신 염료 감응 태양 전지는 가시광선의 빛에너지를 흡수하여 전자-홀 쌍(electron-hole pair)을 생성하는 메카니즘이며, 감광성 염료 분자 및 생성된 전자를 전달하는 전이 금속 산화물을 주된 구성 재료로 하는 광 전기화학적 태양 전지이다. 스위스 국립 로잔 고등기술원(EPFL)의 마이클 그라첼(Michael Graetzel)의 연구팀이 1991년 개발한 나노입자 산화티타늄을 이용한 염료 감응 태양 전지가 종래의 염료 감응 태양 전지 중에서 대표적인 연구사례이다.Dye-sensitized solar cells, instead of the electrical energy used in the organic electroluminescent display (OLED) driving mechanism, are a mechanism that absorbs the light energy of visible light and generates electron-hole pairs. It is a photoelectrochemical solar cell whose main component material is a transition metal oxide which transfers electrons. A dye-sensitized solar cell using nanoparticle titanium oxide, developed in 1991 by Michael Graetzel of the Swiss National Institute of Advanced Technology (EPFL), is a representative example of conventional dye-sensitized solar cells.
이들이 개발한 염료 감응 태양 전지는 투명한 전극으로 인해 건물 외벽 유리창이나 유리 온실 등에 응용이 가능하다는 이점이 있고 기존의 실리콘 태양 전지에 비해 제조 단가가 저렴하지만, 광전변환 효율이 낮아서 실제 적용에는 한계가 있다. The dye-sensitized solar cells developed by them have the advantage that they can be applied to glass walls or glass greenhouses of buildings due to the transparent electrodes and are cheaper to manufacture than conventional silicon solar cells. .
광전 전류 변환효율은 태양빛의 흡수에 의해 생성된 전자의 양에 비례한다. 태양 전지의 효율을 증가시키기 위해서는 적절한 방법으로 태양빛의 흡수를 증가시키거나 흡착된 염료의 량을 높여 전자를 더 많이 생성되게 하거나, 또는 생성된 여기전자가 전자-홀 재결합에 의해 소멸되는 것을 막아줄 수도 있다. 태양빛의 흡수를 높이기 위해 백금전극의 반사율을 높이거나, 산화물 반도체의 입자를 나노미터 수준의 크기로 제조하여 단위면적당 염료의 흡착량을 높일 수 있으며, 수 마이크로 크기의 반도체 산화물 광산란자를 섞어서 제조하는 방법 등이 개발되어 있다.The photoelectric current conversion efficiency is proportional to the amount of electrons generated by the absorption of sunlight. In order to increase the efficiency of the solar cell, it is possible to increase the absorption of sunlight or increase the amount of dye adsorbed in an appropriate manner to generate more electrons, or to prevent the generated exciton from being dissipated by electron-hole recombination. Can also give In order to increase the absorption of sunlight, it is possible to increase the reflectance of the platinum electrode or to manufacture the particles of the oxide semiconductor to nanometer size to increase the adsorption amount of the dye per unit area. Methods have been developed.
그러나 종래 방법으로는 태양 전지의 광전변환 효율 향상에 한계가 있으며, 따라서 효율 향상을 위한 새로운 기술 개발, 특히 광 흡수도가 높으며 동시에 광 흡수의 영역이 넓은 새로운 염료의 개발을 통한 광전변환 효율의 향상이 절실히 요구되고 있는 실정이다.However, the conventional method has a limitation in improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell, and therefore, the development of a new technology for improving the efficiency, in particular, the improvement of the photoelectric conversion efficiency through the development of a new dye having high light absorption and broad light absorption area. This situation is desperately required.
본 발명의 목적은 높은 광 흡수도를 나타내는 염료 감응 태양 전지용 염료를 제공하여, 상기 염료를 포함하는 광전변환 효율이 개선된 염료 감응 태양 전지를 제공하는 것이다. It is an object of the present invention to provide a dye for a dye-sensitized solar cell exhibiting a high light absorption, to provide a dye-sensitized solar cell with improved photoelectric conversion efficiency comprising the dye.
상기 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 본 발명은 하기 화학식 1 또는 하기 화학식 2의 구조를 갖는 화합물 및 이를 포함하는 염료 감응 태양 전지용 염료를 제공한다. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a compound having a structure of the following formula (1) or (2) and a dye for a dye-sensitized solar cell comprising the same.
[화학식 1][Formula 1]
[화학식 2][Formula 2]
[상기 화학식 1 내지 화학식 2에서,[In Formula 1 to Formula 2,
X1 및 X2는 독립적으로 (C6~C60)아릴기, (C3~C60)헤테로아릴기, 또는 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 치환기이며, 이때 X1 및 X2 중 적어도 하나는 포피리닐기, 페노티아지닐기, 쿠마리닐기 또는 프탈로시아닐기를 포함하고;X 1 and X 2 are independently a substituent consisting of a (C6-C60) aryl group, a (C3-C60) heteroaryl group, or a combination thereof, wherein at least one of X 1 and X 2 is a popinyl group, phenothia A vinyl group, a coumarinyl group, or a phthalocyanyl group;
Y1 및 Y2는 독립적으로 (C6~C60)방향족 탄화수소기, (C3~C60)방향족 헤테로고리기, 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 치환기, 또는 
로부터 선택되고, 상기 Y3 및 Y4는 독립적으로 (C6~C60)아릴기, (C3~C60)헤테로아릴기 또는 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 치환기로부터 선택되며, 상기 Y1 내지 Y4 중 적어도 하나는 포피리닐기, 페노티아지닐기, 쿠마리닐기 또는 프탈로시아닐기를 포함하고;Y 1 and Y 2 are independently a substituent consisting of a (C 6 -C 60) aromatic hydrocarbon group, a (C 3 -C 60) aromatic heterocyclic group, a combination thereof, or Y 3 and Y 4 are independently selected from a substituent consisting of a (C 6 -C 60) aryl group, a (C 3 -C 60) heteroaryl group, or a combination thereof, at least one of Y 1 to Y 4 is selected from A popinyl group, a phenothiazinyl group, a coumarinyl group, or a phthalocyanyl group;
Z1 및 Z2는 독립적으로 화학결합이거나, (C6~C30)아릴렌, 1이상의 (C3~C30)헤테로아릴렌, 1이상의 비닐렌, 또는 이들의 조합으로부터 선택되고;Z 1 and Z 2 are independently a chemical bond or are selected from (C 6 -C 30) arylene, at least one (C 3 -C 30) heteroarylene, at least one vinylene, or a combination thereof;
A1 및 A2는 산성작용기이며;A 1 and A 2 are acidic functional groups;
상기 아릴, 헤테로아릴, 아릴렌, 헤테로아릴 또는 비닐렌기는 (C1~C20)알킬, (C1~C20)알콕시, 할로겐원소, 아미노기, 니트로기 및 시아노기(CN)로부터 선택되는 1 이상의 치환기로 더 치환될 수 있다.]The aryl, heteroaryl, arylene, heteroaryl or vinylene group is further substituted with one or more substituents selected from (C1-C20) alkyl, (C1-C20) alkoxy, halogen, amino, nitro and cyano (CN) groups. May be substituted.]
이하, 본 발명에 대하여 보다 상세히 설명한다. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.
염료감응 태양전지에서 태양 전지가 구동되는 첫 단계는 광 에너지로부터 광 전하를 생성하는 과정이다. 통상적으로 광 전하 생성을 위하여 염료물질을 사용하는데, 상기 염료물질은 전도성 투명기판을 투과한 빛을 흡수하여 여기된다.The first step in driving a solar cell in a dye-sensitized solar cell is the process of generating a photo charge from the light energy. Typically, a dye material is used to generate a photo charge, and the dye material is excited by absorbing light transmitted through the conductive transparent substrate.
상기 염료물질로는 금속 복합체가 널리 사용되고 있으며, 상기 금속 복합체 중에서도 루테늄의 모노, 비스 또는 트리스(치환 2,2'-비피리딘)착염 등이 일반적으로 사용되고 있다. 특히 이들은 금속 착염의 리간드에 의한 흡수와 중심 금속에서 리간드로의 전자 전이(MLCT, metal to ligand charge transfer) 에 의한 흡수를 모두 이용할 수 있다는 장점으로 비교적 높은 효율을 가진다. 그러나 이들은 금속 복합체의 바닥상태에서 빛에 의해 여기된 전자가 다시 바닥상태로 떨어지는 속도가 비교적 빨라 효율이 낮다는 문제가 있었다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 공유결합을 통해 금속 복합체에 다양한 전자 전달 물질을 도입하는 사례가 많이 보고되었다. 하지만 공유결합을 통한 전자 전달 물질 도입은 그 과정이 매우 복잡하고 어려워 다양한 전자 전달물질을 도입하기가 어렵다는 문제가 있다. 또한 태양전지의 효율 향상을 위해서는 광 흡수 영역이 넓을수록 그리고 광 흡수도가 높을수록 유리하나 종래 루테늄 복합체는 광 흡수도가 낮은 문제점이 있다.Metal complexes are widely used as the dye material, and mono, bis, or tris (substituted 2,2'-bipyridine) complex salts of ruthenium are generally used among the metal complexes. In particular, they have relatively high efficiencies with the advantage that both metallization and absorption by the ligand and the metal to ligand charge transfer (MLCT) can be used. However, they have a problem in that the efficiency of the electrons excited by light in the bottom state of the metal composite falls back to the ground state is relatively high, resulting in low efficiency. In order to solve this problem, many cases have been reported in which various electron transfer materials are introduced into a metal complex through covalent bonds. However, the introduction of electron transfer materials through covalent bonds has a problem that the process is very complicated and difficult to introduce various electron transfer materials. In addition, in order to improve the efficiency of the solar cell, the larger the light absorbing area and the higher the light absorbency is advantageous, but the conventional ruthenium composite has a problem of low light absorbance.
이에 대해 본 발명에서는 태양전지용 염료로서 아닐린 구조에 포피리닐기, 페노티아지닐기, 쿠마리닐기, 그리고 프탈로시아닐기를 도입한 화합물 또는 루테늄 착물을 제공함으로써 높은 광 흡수도를 가진 새로운 염료를 합성하였으며, 이를 염료 감응 태양 전지에 이용 시 광전전류 변환효율의 향상이 기대된다.In the present invention, a new dye having high light absorbency was synthesized by providing a compound or ruthenium complex in which a popinyl group, phenothiazinyl group, coumarinyl group, and phthalocyanyl group were introduced into an aniline structure as a dye for a solar cell. When used in dye-sensitized solar cells, it is expected to improve the photoelectric current conversion efficiency.
본 발명에 따른 염료 감응 태양전지용 염료는 상기 화학식 1 또는 화학식 2의 화합물로부터 선택된다.The dye for a dye-sensitized solar cell according to the present invention is selected from the compounds of Formula 1 or Formula 2.
상기 화학식 1 및 화학식 2에서 상기 아릴은 방향족 탄화수소기로서 페닐기, 나프틸기, 안트라세닐기, 플루오레닐기, 비페닐기 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되며 탄소수 6 내지 30의 카르보사이클 방향족계 화합물(carbocyclic aromatic compound)인 것이 바람직하다. 또한 상기 헤테로아릴은 방향족 헤테로고리기로서 질소(N), 황(S), 산소(O) 등의 헤테로원소가 포함되어 방향족고리를 형성하는 것으로서 피란, 피롤, 티오펜, 카바졸 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 치환기에서 선택되는 것이 바람직하다. In Formula 1 and Formula 2, the aryl is an aromatic hydrocarbon group selected from the group consisting of phenyl group, naphthyl group, anthracenyl group, fluorenyl group, biphenyl group, and combinations thereof, and has a carbocycle aromatic compound having 6 to 30 carbon atoms. (carbocyclic aromatic compound) is preferred. In addition, the heteroaryl is an aromatic heterocyclic group containing a hetero element such as nitrogen (N), sulfur (S), oxygen (O) to form an aromatic ring, pyran, pyrrole, thiophene, carbazole and combinations thereof It is preferable to select from the substituent which consists of.
또한 Z1 및 Z2는 화학결합이거나, 양 말단이 결합가능한 라디칼의 형태를 가지며, 아릴렌, 헤테로아릴렌, 비닐렌 및 이들의 조합으로부터 선택되며, 구체적으로는 비닐렌, 폴리비닐렌, 페닐렌, 나프틸렌, 안트라세닐렌, 플루오레닐렌, 비페닐렌, 피란일렌, 피롤렌, 티오펜일렌, 카바졸일렌기 또는 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된다.In addition, Z 1 and Z 2 is a chemical bond or in the form of a radical capable of bonding at both ends, and is selected from arylene, heteroarylene, vinylene and combinations thereof, specifically vinylene, polyvinylene, phenyl Ethylene, naphthylene, anthracenylene, fluorenylene, biphenylene, pyranylene, pyrrolene, thiophenylene, carbazoylene group or a combination thereof.
상기 A1 및 A2는 산성 작용기로서 구체적으로는 카르복시기, 아인산기, 술폰산기, 포스핀산기, 히드록시기, 옥시카르복시산, 산아미드 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 치환기에서 선택되는 것이 바람직하며, 보다 바람직하게는 카르복시기이다. The A 1 and A 2 is an acidic functional group, specifically, selected from a substituent consisting of a carboxyl group, a phosphorous acid group, a sulfonic acid group, a phosphinic acid group, a hydroxy group, an oxycarboxylic acid, an acid amide, and a combination thereof, and more preferably. Carboxyl group.
또한 상기 염료는 화합물 내에 포피리닐기, 페노티아지닐기, 쿠마리닐기 또는 프탈로시아닐기로부터 선택되는 기능기를 적어도 하나 이상 포함하는 것으로, 하나의 화합물 내에 포피리닐기, 페노티아지닐기, 쿠마리닐기 또는 프탈로시아닐기로부터 선택되는 기능기가 2개 이상 함유되는 것이 더욱 바람직하다.In addition, the dye includes at least one functional group selected from a popinyl group, a phenothiazinyl group, a coumarinyl group, or a phthalocyanyl group in the compound, and a popinyl group, phenothiazinyl group, and coumarinyl group in one compound. Or more preferably two or more functional groups selected from phthalocyanyl groups.
상기 화학식 1의 화합물은 보다 구체적으로 하기 화학식 3의 화합물로부터 선택되고, 상기 화학식 2의 화합물은 보다 구체적으로 하기 화학식 4 또는 화학식 5의 화합물로부터 선택된다.The compound of Formula 1 is more specifically selected from the compound of Formula 3, the compound of Formula 2 is more specifically selected from the compound of Formula 4 or Formula 5.
[화학식 3][Formula 3]
[화학식 4][Formula 4]
[화학식 5][Formula 5]
[상기 화학식 3 내지 화학식 5에서 X11 및 Y11 내지 Y13은 독립적으로 하기 구조로부터 선택되고[X 11 and Y 11 to Y 13 in Chemical Formulas 3 to 5 may be independently selected from the following structures:
X12는 하기 구조로부터 선택되며X 12 is selected from the structure
Z11 및 Z12는 독립적으로 
로부터 선택되고,Z 11 and Z 12 are independently Is selected from,
Z21 내지 Z24는 독립적으로 
로부터 선택되며,Z 21 to Z 24 are independently Is selected from,
m은 0 내지 2의 정수이고, n은 0 내지 4의 정수이고,m is an integer from 0 to 2, n is an integer from 0 to 4,
j은 0 내지 2의 정수이고, k는 0 내지 4의 정수이며,j is an integer from 0 to 2, k is an integer from 0 to 4,
p은 0 내지 2의 정수이고, q는 0 내지 4의 정수이다.p is an integer of 0-2, q is an integer of 0-4.
R11 내지 R22 및 R30 내지 R31은 독립적으로 수소이거나, (C1~C20)알킬, (C1~C20)알콕시, 할로겐원소, 아미노기, 니트로기 또는 시아노기(CN)로부터 선택된다.]R 11 to R 22 and R 30 to R 31 are independently hydrogen or selected from (C 1 -C 20) alkyl, (C 1 -C 20) alkoxy, halogen element, amino group, nitro group or cyano group (CN).]
상기 화학식 3 내지 화학식 5의 화합물은 구체적으로 하기 구조의 화합물로부터 선택되며, 하기 구조의 화합물에서 R11 내지 R22, R31내지 R32및 R40은 독립적으로 수소 또는 (C1~C20)알킬로부터 선택되고, n은 0 내지 4의 정수이며, a 는 0 또는 1이고, b는 0 내지 2의 정수이며, c 는 0 또는 1이고, d는 0 내지 2의 정수이다.The compound of Formula 3 to Formula 5 is specifically selected from compounds of the following structure, in the compound of the structure11 To R22, R31To R32And R40Is independently selected from hydrogen or (C1-C20) alkyl, n is an integer from 0 to 4, a is 0 or 1, b is an integer from 0 to 2, c is 0 or 1, d is 0 It is an integer of 2 to.
본 발명은 본 발명에 따른 염료 물질 중 하나 이상을 광흡수층에 함유하는 태양전지를 제공한다. The present invention provides a solar cell containing at least one of the dye materials according to the present invention in a light absorption layer.
본 발명에 따른 염료 물질을 함유하는 태양전지의 일례로서 그 수직 구조를 도 1에 도시하였다. 도 1을 참조하면 FTO 유리기판 상에 티타늄알콕사이드 용액을 코팅한 후 건조한 후 티타니아 졸을 코팅 및 건조하고 열처리하여 티타니아 막을 형성한다. 티타니아 막이 형성된 기판을 염료함유 용액에 침지한 후 건조하여 티타니아 입자로 이루어진 티타니아 막에 염료를 흡착시킨다. 또 다른 FTO 유리기판 상에 백금 전극층을 형성한 후 염료층이 형성된 기판 및 전극층이 형성된 기판을 서로 접합하여 도 1에 도시된 바와 같은 구조의 태양전지 셀을 제조하였다. The vertical structure of the solar cell containing the dye material according to the present invention is shown in FIG. 1. Referring to FIG. 1, the titanium alkoxide solution is coated on an FTO glass substrate and then dried, followed by coating, drying, and heat treating a titania sol to form a titania film. The substrate on which the titania film is formed is immersed in a dye-containing solution and dried to adsorb the dye onto the titania film made of titania particles. After forming a platinum electrode layer on another FTO glass substrate, a substrate having a dye layer and a substrate having an electrode layer were bonded to each other to manufacture a solar cell having a structure as shown in FIG. 1.
도 1은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 염료감응 태양전지 소자의 단면 모식도이다. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a dye-sensitized solar cell device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 2는 합성예 1에서 제조된 염료(화합물 101)의 흡광도 그래프이고,2 is a graph showing absorbance of the dye (Compound 101) prepared in Synthesis Example 1,
도 3은 합성예 2에서 제조된 염료(화합물 102)의 흡광도 그래프이고,3 is a graph of absorbance of the dye (Compound 102) prepared in Synthesis Example 2,
도 4는 합성예 3에서 제조된 염료(화합물 103)의 흡광도 그래프이고,4 is a graph showing absorbance of the dye (Compound 103) prepared in Synthesis Example 3,
도 5는 합성예 4에서 제조된 염료(화합물 104)의 흡광도 그래프이고,5 is a graph showing absorbance of the dye (Compound 104) prepared in Synthesis Example 4,
도 6은 합성예 5에서 제조된 염료(화합물 105)의 흡광도 그래프이고,6 is a graph showing absorbance of the dye (Compound 105) prepared in Synthesis Example 5.
도 7은 합성예 6에서 제조된 염료(화합물 105)의 흡광도 그래프이고,7 is a graph showing absorbance of the dye (Compound 105) prepared in Synthesis Example 6.
도 8은 합성예 7에서 제조된 염료(화합물 107)의 흡광도 그래프이고,8 is a graph showing absorbance of the dye (Compound 107) prepared in Synthesis Example 7.
도 9은 합성예 8에서 제조된 염료(화합물 108)의 흡광도 그래프이고,9 is a graph showing absorbance of the dye (Compound 108) prepared in Synthesis Example 8.
도 10는 합성예 9에서 제조된 염료(화합물 109)의 흡광도 그래프이고,10 is a graph showing absorbance of the dye (Compound 109) prepared in Synthesis Example 9.
도 11은 합성예 10에서 제조된 염료(화합물 110)의 흡광도 그래프이다.11 is a graph of absorbance of the dye (Compound 110) prepared in Synthesis Example 10.
도 12는 화합물 101, 104를 사용하여 제조된 태양전지의 전류-전압곡선이고,12 is a current-voltage curve of a solar cell prepared using Compounds 101 and 104,
도 13은 화합물 102, 103을 사용하여 제조된 태양전지의 전류-전압곡선이고,13 is a current-voltage curve of a solar cell prepared using compounds 102 and 103,
도 14는 화합물 105를 사용하여 제조된 태양전지의 전류-전압곡선이고,14 is a current-voltage curve of a solar cell prepared using compound 105,
도 15는 화합물 106을 사용하여 제조된 태양전지의 전류-전압곡선이고,15 is a current-voltage curve of a solar cell prepared using compound 106,
도 16은 화합물 107을 사용하여 제조된 태양전지의 전류-전압곡선이고,16 is a current-voltage curve of a solar cell prepared using compound 107,
도 17은 화합물 108을 사용하여 제조된 태양전지의 전류-전압곡선이고,17 is a current-voltage curve of a solar cell prepared using compound 108,
도 18은 화합물 109를 사용하여 제조된 태양전지의 전류-전압곡선이고,18 is a current-voltage curve of a solar cell prepared using compound 109,
도 19는 화합물 110을 사용하여 제조된 태양전지의 전류-전압곡선이다.19 is a current-voltage curve of a solar cell prepared using Compound 110.
아래에 실시예를 통하여 본 발명을 더 구체적으로 설명한다. 단, 하기 실시예는 본 발명의 예시에 불과한 것으로서 본 발명의 특허 청구 범위가 이에 따라 한정되는 것은 아니다. The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following Examples. However, the following examples are merely examples of the present invention, and the claims of the present invention are not limited thereto.
합성예 1: 쿠마린 함유 염료(화합물 101)의 합성Synthesis Example 1 Synthesis of Coumarin-Containing Dye (Compound 101)
화합물 10: 1,2-디클로로에탄(1,2-Dichloroethane) (20ml)에 트리페닐아민(triphenylamine) (3.0g, 12.23mmol), 디메틸포름아마이드(DMF) (2.89ml, 36.69mmol), POCl3 (3.41ml, 36.69mmol)을 넣은 다음, 상온에서 1시간 동안 교반한 후, 1시간 동안 환류한다. 반응용액을 실온으로 식힌 다음, 포화 아세트산나트륨(Sodium acetate) 수용액에 천천히 부은 후, 10분간 교반한다. 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane)으로 추출하여, 유기층을 분리한 다음, MgSO4 로 건조한다. 감압하여 용매를 제거하고, 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane)을 전개용매로 하여 액체 크로마토그래피하면 노란색 액체화합물(3.04g, 89.5%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 9.78 (s, 1H), 7.65 (d, J = 4.8Hz, 2H), 7.31 (m, 4H), 7.15 (m, 6H), 6.99 (d, J = 4.8Hz, 2H). ; IR (KBr): ν= 2835, 2733, 1688, 1585, 1506, 1244, 1161, 1034 cm-1.Compound 10: 1,2-dichloroethane (20 ml) in triphenylamine (3.0 g, 12.23 mmol), dimethylformamide (DMF) (2.89 ml, 36.69 mmol), POCl 3 (3.41ml, 36.69mmol) was added, followed by stirring at room temperature for 1 hour, followed by refluxing for 1 hour. The reaction solution is cooled to room temperature, slowly poured into saturated aqueous sodium acetate solution, and then stirred for 10 minutes. Extracted with dichloromethane, the organic layer was separated and dried over MgSO 4 . The solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and then chromatographed with dichloromethane as a developing solvent to give a yellow liquid compound (3.04 g, 89.5%). 1 H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ = 9.78 (s, 1H), 7.65 (d, J = 4.8 Hz, 2H), 7.31 (m, 4H), 7.15 (m, 6H), 6.99 (d, J = 4.8 Hz, 2H). ; IR (KBr): ν = 2835, 2733, 1688, 1585, 1506, 1244, 1161, 1034 cm −1 .
화합물 11: 빙초산(Glacial acetic acid) (50ml)에 화합물 10 (4.50g, 16.46mmol)을 넣고, 온도를 70℃로 올린다. 반응물이 완전히 녹은 것을 확인한 후에, KI (5.46g, 32.87mmol), KIO3 (10.56g, 49.33mmol)을 가한 후, 3시간 동안 교반한다. 반응용액을 식히고, 생성된 고체를 여과(Suction) 한 후, 물로 여러 번 씻어준다. 생성물을 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane)에 녹인 다음, 묽은 암모니아용액 (pH ~8)으로 씻은 후, NaHSO3 포화용액, 물로 여러 번 씻어준다. 유기층을 MgSO4 로 건조한 다음, 감압하여 용매를 제거하면 노란색 고체화합물 (8.44g, 97.7%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 9.81 (s, 1H), 7.68 (d, J = 8.4Hz , 2H), 7.60 (d, J = 8.4Hz, 4H), 7.04 (d, J = 8.4Hz, 2H), 6.88 (d, J = 8.4Hz , 2H). ; IR (KBr): ν= 2833, 2733, 1688, 1585, 1506, 1244 cm-1.Compound 11: Compound 10 (4.50 g, 16.46 mmol) is added to glacial acetic acid (50 ml), and the temperature is raised to 70 ° C. After confirming that the reactants are completely dissolved, KI (5.46g, 32.87mmol), KIO3 (10.56 g, 49.33 mmol) was added and then stirred for 3 hours. After cooling the reaction solution, the resulting solids are filtered and washed several times with water. The product was dissolved in dichloromethane, washed with dilute ammonia solution (pH ~ 8), and then NaHSO3 Wash several times with saturated solution and water. MgSO organic layer4 Dry to remove the solvent under reduced pressure to give a yellow solid (8.44 g, 97.7%).OneH-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 9.81 (s, 1 H), 7.68 (d,J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.60 (d,J = 8.4 Hz, 4H), 7.04 (d,J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 6.88 (d,J = 8.4 Hz, 2H). ; IR (KBr): ν = 2833, 2733, 1688, 1585, 1506, 1244 cm-One.
화합물 13: 무수에탄올(Absolute ethanol) (10ml)에 4-(디에틸아미노)살리실알데하이드(4-(diethylamino)salicylaldehyde) (5.0g, 25.87mmol), 디에틸말로네이트(diethylmalonate) (5.9ml, 51.75mmol), 피페리딘(piperidine) (3ml)을 가한 다음, 2시간 동안 환류한다. 반응용액을 식힌 후, 감압하여 용매를 완전히 제거한 후에, 35% HCl (10ml), 빙초산(glacial acetic acid) (10ml)를 가한 후, 16시간 동안 환류한다. 용액을 식힌 후, NaOH 수용액을 천천히 가하여 pH ~5로 맞춘 후, 생성된 고체를 여과(suction)한다. 생성물을 물로 여러 번 씻은 후, 오븐에서 건조하면 노란색 고체화합물 (4.30g, 76.5%)을 얻는다. M.p. 85 ℃; 1H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 7.51 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 1H), 7.22 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 1H), 6.55 (d, J = 16.4Hz, 1H), 6.47 (s, 1H), 6.02 (d, J = 10.0Hz, 1H), 3.40 (q, 4H), 1.21 (t, 6H). Compound 13: 4- (diethylamino) salicylaldehyde (5.0g, 25.87mmol), diethylmalonate (5.9ml, 51.75mmol) in absolute ethanol (10ml) Piperidine (3 ml) is added and refluxed for 2 hours. After the reaction solution was cooled, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and 35% HCl (10 ml) and glacial acetic acid (10 ml) were added thereto, followed by reflux for 16 hours. After the solution is cooled, the aqueous solution of NaOH is slowly added to adjust the pH to ~ 5, and then the resulting solid is filtered. The product is washed several times with water and dried in an oven to give a yellow solid (4.30 g, 76.5%). M.p. 85 ° C .;OneH-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 7.51 (d,J = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.22 (d,J = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.55 (d,J = 16.4 Hz, 1H), 6.47 (s, 1H), 6.02 (d,J = 10.0 Hz, 1H), 3.40 (q, 4H), 1.21 (t, 6H).
화합물 14: 1,2-디클로로에탄(1,2-Dichloroethane) (20ml)에 화합물 13 (3.0g, 13.80mmol), DMF (3.2ml, 38.4mmol), POCl3 (3.9ml, 38.4mmol)을 넣은 다음, 상온에서 1시간 동안 교반한 후, 1시간 동안 환류한다. 반응용액을 실온으로 식힌 다음, 포화 소듐 아세테이트(Sodium acetate) 수용액에 천천히 부은 후, 10분간 교반한다. 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane)으로 추출하여, 유기층을 분리한 다음, MgSO4로 건조한다. 감압하여 용매를 제거하고, 에틸아세테이트/n-헥산(Ethyl acetate/n-hexane = 1 : 1)을 전개용매로 하여 액체 크로마토그래피하면 노란색 고체화합물 (2.63g, 77.6%)을 얻는다. M.p. 182 ℃; 1H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 10.10 (s, 1H), 8.24 (s, 1H), 7.38 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 1H), 6.63 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 1H), 6.47 (s, 1H), 3.47 (q, 4H), 1.25 (t, 6H).Compound 14: Compound 13 (3.0 g, 13.80 mmol), DMF (3.2 ml, 38.4 mmol) and POCl 3 (3.9 ml, 38.4 mmol) were added to 1,2-dichloroethane (20 ml). Next, the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 1 hour and then refluxed for 1 hour. The reaction solution is cooled to room temperature, poured slowly into a saturated aqueous sodium acetate solution, and then stirred for 10 minutes. Extracted with dichloromethane, the organic layer was separated and dried over MgSO 4 . The solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and liquid chromatography was carried out using ethyl acetate / n-hexane (Ethyl acetate / n-hexane = 1: 1) as a developing solvent to obtain a yellow solid compound (2.63 g, 77.6%). Mp 182 ° C .; 1 H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ = 10.10 (s, 1H), 8.24 (s, 1H), 7.38 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.63 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1H) , 6.47 (s, 1 H), 3.47 (q, 4 H), 1.25 (t, 6 H).
화합물 15: 테트라하이드로퓨란(THF) (5ml)에 메틸트리페닐포스포늄브로마이드(methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide) (1.94g, 5.42mmol), NaH (0.16g, 6.78mmol)을 넣고 1시간 동안 교반한 후, 화합물 14 (1.0g, 4.52mmol)를 넣고, 16시간 동안 교반한다. 반응용액에 물 (50ml)을 가한 다음, 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane)으로 추출하여, 유기층을 분리한 다음, MgSO4로 건조한다. 감압하여 용매를 제거하고, 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane)을 전개용매로 하여 액체 크로마토그래피하면 노란색 액체화합물 (0.80g, 80.8%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3) : δ = 7.56 (s, 1H), 7.24 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 1H), 6.65 (dd, J = 11.2Hz, 11.2Hz, 1H), 6.55 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 1H), 6.46 (s, 1H), 6.02 (d, J = 9.6Hz, 1H), 5.28 (d, J = 9.0Hz, 1H), 3.47 (q, 4H), 1.25 (t, 6H). Compound 15: Methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide (1.94g, 5.42mmol) and NaH (0.16g, 6.78mmol) were added to tetrahydrofuran (THF) (5ml), followed by stirring for 1 hour. Compound 14 (1.0g) , 4.52 mmol), and stirred for 16 hours. Water (50 ml) was added to the reaction solution, followed by extraction with dichloromethane. The organic layer was separated, and then MgSO4To dry. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and then chromatographed with dichloromethane as a developing solvent to give a yellow liquid compound (0.80 g, 80.8%).OneH-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 7.56 (s, 1H), 7.24 (d,J = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.65 (dd,J = 11.2 Hz, 11.2 Hz, 1H), 6.55 (d,J= 8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.46 (s, 1H), 6.02 (d,J= 9.6 Hz, 1 H), 5.28 (d,J = 9.0 Hz, 1H), 3.47 (q, 4H), 1.25 (t, 6H).
화합물 16: 화합물 15 (0.15g, 0.68mmol), 화합물 11 (0.15g, 0.28mmol), Pd(OAc)2 (3mg, 0.014mmol), K2CO3 (0.14g, 0.14mmol), Bu4NBr (0.18g, 0.57mmol)을 DMF (5ml)에 가한 다음, 온도를 95 ℃로 올린 후 16시간 동안 교반한다. 반응용액을 식힌 후, 물 (50ml)을 가한 다음 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane)으로 추출한다. 유기층을 분리한 다음, MgSO4로 건조한 후, 감압하여 용매를 제거하고, 에틸아세테이트/n-헥산(Ethyl acetate/n-hexane = 1 : 1)을 전개용매로 하여 액체 크로마토그래피하면 주황색 고체화합물 (0.12g, 60.0%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3) : δ = 9.81 (s, 1H), 7.70 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 2H), 7.65 (s, 2H), 7.45 (m, 6H), 7.26 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 2H), 7.11 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 4H), 7.04 (m, 4H), 6.58 (dd, J = 2.4Hz, 2.4Hz, 2H), 6.49 (d, J = 2.4Hz, 2H), 3.42 (q, 8H), 1.22 (t, 12H). Compound 16: Compound 15 (0.15 g, 0.68 mmol), Compound 11 (0.15 g, 0.28 mmol), Pd (OAc)2 (3 mg, 0.014 mmol), K2CO3 (0.14g, 0.14mmol), Bu4NBr (0.18 g, 0.57 mmol) was added to DMF (5 ml), then the temperature was raised to 95 ° C. and stirred for 16 h. After cooling the reaction solution, water (50ml) is added and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer was separated and then MgSO4After drying under reduced pressure, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and the liquid was chromatographed with ethyl acetate / n-hexane (Ethyl acetate / n-hexane = 1: 1) as a developing solvent to give an orange solid compound. (0.12 g, 60.0%) is obtained.OneH-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 9.81 (s, 1H), 7.70 (d,J = 8.8 Hz, 2H), 7.65 (s, 2H), 7.45 (m, 6H), 7.26 (d,J = 8.8 Hz, 2H), 7.11 (d,J= 8.8 Hz, 4H), 7.04 (m, 4H), 6.58 (dd,J= 2.4 Hz, 2.4 Hz, 2H), 6.49 (d,J = 2.4 Hz, 2H), 3.42 (q, 8H), 1.22 (t, 12H).
화합물 101 : 무수 클로로포름(Chloroform) (30ml)에 화합물 16 (0.30g, 0.34mmol), 시아노아세트산(cyanoacetic acid) (0.29g, 3.37mmol), 피페리딘(piperidine) (0.1ml, 1.01mmol)을 가한 후, 6시간 동안 환류한다. 반응용액을 식힌 후, 물 (50ml)을 가한 다음 클로로포름(Chloroform)으로 추출한다. 유기층을 분리한 다음, MgSO4로 건조한 후, 감압하여 용매를 제거하고, 메탄올/디클로로메탄(Methanol/dichloromethane = 1 : 6)을 전개용매로 하여 액체 크로마토그래피하면 주황색 고체화합물 (0.24g, 74.4%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, DMSO, d6) : δ = 8.04 (s, 2H), 7.83 (s, 1H), 7.80 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 2H), 7.52 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 4H), 7.46 (d, J = 7.6Hz, 2H), 7.46 (s, 2H), 7.08 (d, J = 8.4Hz, 4H), 7.03 (m, 4H), 6.70 (dd, J = 2.4Hz, 2.4Hz, 2H), 6.54 (d, J = 2.4Hz, 2H), 3.47 (q, 8H), 1.25 (t, 12H).Compound 101: Compound 16 (0.30 g, 0.34 mmol), cyanoacetic acid (0.29 g, 3.37 mmol), piperidine (0.1 ml, 1.01 mmol) in anhydrous chloroform (30 ml) After adding, reflux for 6 hours. After the reaction solution is cooled, water (50 ml) is added, followed by extraction with chloroform. The organic layer was separated and then MgSO4After drying under reduced pressure, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and liquid chromatography was carried out using methanol / dichloromethane (Methanol / dichloromethane = 1: 6) as a developing solvent. (0.24 g, 74.4%).OneH-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO, d6): δ = 8.04 (s, 2H), 7.83 (s, 1H), 7.80 (d,J= 8.8 Hz, 2H), 7.52 (d,J = 8.8 Hz, 4H), 7.46 (d,J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.46 (s, 2H), 7.08 (d,J = 8.4 Hz, 4H), 7.03 (m, 4H), 6.70 (dd,J= 2.4 Hz, 2.4 Hz, 2H), 6.54 (d,J = 2.4 Hz, 2H), 3.47 (q, 8H), 1.25 (t, 12H).
상기 화합물 101에 대하여 2-메톡시에탄올을 용매로 2*10-5M 농도에서 자외선-가시광선 영역의 흡수를 측정한 결과를 도 2에 나타내었으며, 59000 dm3mol-1cm-1의 흡광도를 나타내었다.As a result of measuring absorption of the ultraviolet-visible region at 2 * 10 -5 M concentration with 2-methoxyethanol as a solvent for the compound 101, it is shown in FIG. 2, and the absorbance of 59000 dm 3 mol -1 cm -1 was measured. Indicated.
합성예 2: 쿠마린 함유 염료(화합물 102)의 합성Synthesis Example 2: Synthesis of Coumarin-containing Dye (Compound 102)
화합물 17: 빙초산(Glacial acetic acid) (100ml), 물 (10ml)에 트리페닐아민(triphenylamine) (6.13g, 25.0mmol), KI (8.3g, 50.0mmol) 을 넣고, 환류한다. 반응물이 완전히 녹은 것을 확인한 후에, KIO3 (10.7g, 50.0mmol)을 가한 후, 1시간 동안 환류한다. 반응용액을 식히고, 물 (50ml) 을 가한 다음, 생성된 고체를 여과(Suction)한 후, 물로 여러 번 씻어준다. 생성물을 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane)에 녹인 다음, 포화 소듐 티오설페이트(sodium thiosulfate) 용액으로 유기층을 씻어 준 후, 유기층을 MgSO4로 건조한 다음, 감압하여 용매를 제거하면 노란색 고체화합물 (14.5g, 93.1%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3) : δ = 7.50 (d, 6H), 6.80 (d, 6H).Compound 17: Add triphenylamine (6.13 g, 25.0 mmol) and KI (8.3 g, 50.0 mmol) to glacial acetic acid (100 ml) and water (10 ml) and reflux. After confirming that the reactants are completely dissolved, KIO3 (10.7 g, 50.0 mmol) was added and then refluxed for 1 hour. The reaction solution is cooled, water (50 ml) is added, and the resulting solid is filtered and washed several times with water. After dissolving the product in dichloromethane, the organic layer was washed with saturated sodium thiosulfate solution and the organic layer was washed with MgSO.4Dry to remove the solvent under reduced pressure to give a yellow solid (14.5 g, 93.1%).OneH-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 7.50 (d, 6H), 6.80 (d, 6H).
화합물 18: 화합물 17 (6.10g, 9.79mmol), 2-티오펜보론산(2-thiophenebronic acid) (0.42g, 3.26mmol), Pd(PPh)4 (0.15g, 0.13mmol), K2CO3 (1.18g, 9.79mmol)을 DMF (5ml)에 가한 다음, 온도를 60 ℃로 올린 후 2시간 동안 교반한다. 반응용액을 식힌 후, 물 (50ml)을 가한 다음 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane)으로 추출한다. 유기층을 분리한 다음, MgSO4 로 건조한 후, 감압하여 용매를 제거하고, 디클로로메탄/n-헥산(Dichloromethane/n-hexane = 1 : 3)을 전개용매로 하여 액체 크로마토그래피하면 백색 고체화합물 (0.76g, 40.2%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 7.52 (d, 4H), 7.47 (d, 2H), 7.23 (m, 1H), 7.04 (m, 3H), 6.84 (d, 4H), 6.79 (d, 1H). Compound 18: Compound 17 (6.10 g, 9.79 mmol), 2-thiophenebronic acid (0.42 g, 3.26 mmol), Pd (PPh)4 (0.15 g, 0.13 mmol), K2CO3 (1.18 g, 9.79 mmol) was added to DMF (5 ml), then the temperature was raised to 60 ° C. and stirred for 2 hours. After cooling the reaction solution, water (50ml) is added and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer was separated and then MgSO4 After drying under reduced pressure, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and the liquid was chromatographed with dichloromethane / n-hexane (Dichloromethane / n-hexane = 1: 3) as a developing solvent. (0.76 g, 40.2%).OneH-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 7.52 (d, 4H), 7.47 (d, 2H), 7.23 (m, 1H), 7.04 (m, 3H), 6.84 (d, 4H), 6.79 (d, 1H).
화합물 19: 1,2-디클로로에탄(1,2-Dichloroethane) (20ml)에 화합물 18 (0.48g, 0.83mmol), DMF (0.19ml, 2.49mmol), POCl3 (0.23ml, 2.49mmol)을 넣은 다음, 상온에서 1시간 동안 교반한 후, 16시간 동안 환류한다. 반응용액을 실온으로 식힌 다음, 포화 소듐 아세테이트(Sodium acetate) 수용액에 천천히 부은 후, 10분간 교반한다. 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane)으로 추출하여, 유기층을 분리한 다음, MgSO4 로 건조한다. 감압하여 용매를 제거하고, 디클로로메탄/n-헥산(Dichloromethane/n-hexane = 1 : 1) 을 전개용매로 하여 액체 크로마토그래피하면 노란색 고체화합물 (0.19g, 38.0%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 9.85 (s, 1H), 7.70 (d, 1H), 7.55 (d, 4H), 7.52 (d, 2H), 7.30 (d, 1H), 7.05 (d, 2H), 6.85 (d, 4H). Compound 19: Compound 18 (0.48g, 0.83mmol), DMF (0.19ml, 2.49mmol), POCl in 1,2-Dichloroethane (20ml)3 (0.23 ml, 2.49 mmol) was added, followed by stirring at room temperature for 1 hour and refluxing for 16 hours. The reaction solution is cooled to room temperature, poured slowly into a saturated aqueous sodium acetate solution, and then stirred for 10 minutes. Extract with dichloromethane, separate organic layer, MgSO4 To dry. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and chromatographed with dichloromethane / n-hexane (Dichloromethane / n-hexane = 1: 1) as a developing solvent to give a yellow solid compound (0.19 g, 38.0%).OneH-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 9.85 (s, 1H), 7.70 (d, 1H), 7.55 (d, 4H), 7.52 (d, 2H), 7.30 (d, 1H), 7.05 (d, 2H), 6.85 (d, 4H).
화합물 20: 화합물 15 (0.41g, 1.68mmol), 화합물 19 (0.28g, 0.46mmol), Pd(OAc)2 (5mg, 0.023mmol), K2CO3 (0.22g, 1.84mmol), Bu4NBr (0.30g, 0.92mmol)을 DMF (5ml)에 가한 다음, 온도를 95 ℃로 올린 후 6시간 동안 교반한다. 반응용액을 식힌 후, 물 (50ml)을 가한 다음 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane)으로 추출한다. 유기층을 분리한 다음, MgSO4로 건조한 후, 감압하여 용매를 제거하고, 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane)을 전개용매로 하여 액체 크로마토그래피하면 주황색 고체화합물 (0.36g, 100%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3) : δ = 9.81 (s, 1H), 7.70 (d, 1H), 7.65 (s, 2H), 7.54 (d, 2H), 7.43 (d, 4H), 7.40 (s, 2H), 7.31 (d, 1H), 7.28 (d, 2H), 7.20 (s, 2H), 7.10 (d, 4H), 7.02 (d, 2H), 6.58 (dd, 2H), 6.51 (d, 2H), 3.42 (q, 8H), 1.22 (t, 12H). Compound 20: Compound 15 (0.41 g, 1.68 mmol), Compound 19 (0.28 g, 0.46 mmol), Pd (OAc)2 (5mg, 0.023mmol), K2CO3 (0.22g, 1.84mmol), Bu4NBr (0.30 g, 0.92 mmol) was added to DMF (5 ml), then the temperature was 95 Raise to C and stir for 6 hours. After cooling the reaction solution, water (50ml) was added and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer was separated and then MgSO4After drying under reduced pressure, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and the liquid was chromatographed with dichloromethane as a developing solvent. (0.36 g, 100%).OneH-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 9.81 (s, 1H), 7.70 (d, 1H), 7.65 (s, 2H), 7.54 (d, 2H), 7.43 (d, 4H), 7.40 (s, 2H), 7.31 (d, 1H), 7.28 (d, 2H), 7.20 (s, 2H), 7.10 (d, 4H), 7.02 (d, 2H), 6.58 (dd, 2H), 6.51 (d, 2H), 3.42 (q, 8H ), 1.22 (t, 12 H).
화합물 102: 무수 클로로포름(Chloroform) (30ml)에 화합물 20 (0.36g, 0.43mmol), 시아노아세트산(cyanoacetic acid) (0.37g, 4.30mmol), 피페리딘(piperidine) (0.13ml, 1.29mmol)을 가한 후, 6시간 동안 환류한다. 반응용액을 식힌 후, 물 (50ml)을 가한 다음 클로로포름(Chloroform)으로 추출한다. 유기층을 분리한 다음, MgSO4 로 건조한 후, 감압하여 용매를 제거하고, 메탄올/디클로로메탄(Methanol/dichloromethane = 1 : 10)을 전개용매로 하여 액체 크로마토그래피하면 주황색 고체화합물 (0.29g, 76.3%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, DMSO, d6) : δ = 8.04 (d, 2H), 7.93 (s, 1H), 7.70 (d, 1H), 7.64 (d, 2H), 7.53 (d, 1H), 7.50 (d, 4H), 7.46 (d, 2H), 7.42 (s, 2H), 7.04 (m, 8H), 6.71 (d, 2H), 6.54 (d, 2H), 3.47 (q, 8H), 1.25 (t, 12H).Compound 102: Compound 20 (0.36 g, 0.43 mmol), cyanoacetic acid (0.37 g, 4.30 mmol), piperidine (0.13 ml, 1.29 mmol) in anhydrous chloroform (30 ml) After adding, reflux for 6 hours. After the reaction solution is cooled, water (50 ml) is added, followed by extraction with chloroform. The organic layer was separated and then MgSO4 After drying under reduced pressure, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and the liquid was chromatographed with methanol / dichloromethane (1:10) as a developing solvent to give an orange solid compound. (0.29 g, 76.3%).OneH-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO, d6): δ = 8.04 (d, 2H), 7.93 (s, 1H), 7.70 (d, 1H), 7.64 (d, 2H), 7.53 (d, 1H), 7.50 (d, 4H), 7.46 (d, 2H), 7.42 (s, 2H), 7.04 (m, 8H), 6.71 (d, 2H), 6.54 (d, 2H), 3.47 (q, 8H), 1.25 (t, 12H).
상기 화합물 102에 대하여 2-메톡시에탄올을 용매로 2.5*10-5M 농도에서 자외선-가시광선 영역의 흡수를 측정한 결과를 도 3에 나타내었으며, 54000 dm3mol-1cm-1의 흡광도를 나타내었다.As a result of measuring absorption of the ultraviolet-visible region at 2.5 * 10 -5 M concentration with 2-methoxyethanol as a solvent for the compound 102, it is shown in FIG. 3, and the absorbance of 54000 dm 3 mol -1 cm -1 was measured. Indicated.
합성예 3: 쿠마린 함유 염료(화합물 103)의 합성Synthesis Example 3 Synthesis of Coumarin-Containing Dye (Compound 103)
화합물 21: 화합물 17 (3.20g, 5.13mmol), 2,2'-비티오펜-5-보론산 피나콜 에스터(2,2'-bithiophene-5-bronic acid pinacol ester) (0.50g, 1.71mmol), Pd(PPh)4 (79mg, 0.068mmol), K2CO3 (0.62g, 5.13mmol)을 DMF (5ml)에 가한 다음, 온도를 60 ℃로 올린 후 2시간 동안 교반한다. 반응용액을 식힌 후, 물 (50ml)을 가한 다음 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane)으로 추출한다. 유기층을 분리한 다음, MgSO4로 건조한 후, 감압하여 용매를 제거하고, 디클로로메탄/n-헥산(Dichloromethane/n-hexane = 1 : 3)을 전개용매로 하여 액체 크로마토그래피하면 노란색 고체화합물 (0.70g, 61.9%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 7.56 (d, 4H), 7.49 (d, 2H), 7.23 (d, 1H), 7.21 (d, 1H), 7.15 (m, 2H), 7.05 (m, 3H), 6.87 (d, 4H). Compound 21: Compound 17 (3.20 g, 5.13 mmol), 2,2'-bithiophene-5-bronic acid pinacol ester (0.50 g, 1.71 mmol), Pd ( PPh)4 (79mg, 0.068mmol), K2CO3 (0.62 g, 5.13 mmol) was added to DMF (5 ml), and then the temperature was 60 Raise to C and stir for 2 hours. After cooling the reaction solution, water (50ml) was added and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer was separated and then MgSO4After drying under reduced pressure, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and the liquid was chromatographed with dichloromethane / n-hexane (Dichloromethane / n-hexane = 1: 3) as a developing solvent to give a yellow solid compound. (0.70 g, 61.9%) is obtained.OneH-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 7.56 (d, 4H), 7.49 (d, 2H), 7.23 (d, 1H), 7.21 (d, 1H), 7.15 (m, 2H), 7.05 (m, 3H), 6.87 (d, 4H).
화합물 22: 1,2-디클로로에탄(1,2-Dichloroethane) (20ml)에 화합물 21 (0.70g, 1.06mmol), DMF (0.25ml, 3.18mmol), POCl3 (0.30ml, 3.18mmol)을 넣은 다음, 상온에서 1시간 동안 교반한 후, 2시간 동안 환류한다. 반응용액을 실온으로 식힌 다음, 포화 소듐 아세테이트(Sodium acetate) 수용액에 천천히 부은 후, 10분간 교반한다. 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane)으로 추출하여, 유기층을 분리한 다음, MgSO4로 건조한다. 감압하여 용매를 제거하고, 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane)을 전개용매로 하여 액체 크로마토그래피하면 주황색 고체화합물 (0.24g, 32.9%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 9.88 (s, 1H), 7.70 (d, 1H), 7.55 (d, 4H), 7.50 (d, 2H), 7.34 (d, 1H), 7.27 (d, 1H), 7.20 (d, 1H), 7.08 (d, 2H), 6.89 (d, 4H). Compound 22: Compound 21 (0.70 g, 1.06 mmol), DMF (0.25 ml, 3.18 mmol), POCl in 1,2-Dichloroethane (20 ml)3 (0.30ml, 3.18mmol) was added, followed by stirring at room temperature for 1 hour, followed by refluxing for 2 hours. The reaction solution is cooled to room temperature, poured slowly into a saturated aqueous sodium acetate solution, and then stirred for 10 minutes. Extract with dichloromethane, separate organic layer, MgSO4To dry. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and then chromatographed with dichloromethane as a developing solvent to give an orange solid compound (0.24 g, 32.9%).OneH-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 9.88 (s, 1H), 7.70 (d, 1H), 7.55 (d, 4H), 7.50 (d, 2H), 7.34 (d, 1H), 7.27 (d, 1H), 7.20 (d, 1H), 7.08 (d, 2H), 6.89 (d, 4H).
화합물 23: 화합물 15 (0.20g, 0.82mmol), 화합물 22 (0.24g, 0.35mmol), Pd(OAc)2 (4mg, 0.017mmol), K2CO3 (0.17g, 1.40mmol), Bu4NBr (0.22g, 0.70mmol)을 DMF (5ml)에 가한 다음, 온도를 95 ℃로 올린 후 16시간 동안 교반한다. 반응용액을 식힌 후, 물 (50ml)을 가한 다음 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane)으로 추출한다. 유기층을 분리한 다음, MgSO4 로 건조한 후, 감압하여 용매를 제거하고, 디클로로메탄/아세톤(Dichloromethane/acetone = 50 : 1)을 전개용매로 하여 액체 크로마토그래피하면 적색 고체화합물 (0.16g, 53.3%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3) : δ = 9.88 (s, 1H), 7.70 (m, 3H), 7.50 (m, 8H), 7.30 (m, 4H), 7.21 (d, 1H), 7.15 (m, 6H), 7.05 (d, 2H), 6.62 (dd, 2H), 6.53 (d, 2H), 3.42 (q, 8H), 1.22 (t, 12H). Compound 23: Compound 15 (0.20 g, 0.82 mmol), Compound 22 (0.24 g, 0.35 mmol), Pd (OAc)2 (4mg, 0.017mmol), K2CO3 (0.17g, 1.40mmol), Bu4NBr (0.22 g, 0.70 mmol) was added to DMF (5 ml), then the temperature was 95 Raise to C and stir for 16 h. After cooling the reaction solution, water (50ml) was added and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer was separated and then MgSO4 After drying under reduced pressure, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and liquid chromatography was carried out using dichloromethane / acetone (Dichloromethane / acetone = 50: 1) as a developing solvent. (0.16 g, 53.3%).OneH-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 9.88 (s, 1H), 7.70 (m, 3H), 7.50 (m, 8H), 7.30 (m, 4H), 7.21 (d, 1H), 7.15 (m, 6H), 7.05 (d, 2H), 6.62 (dd, 2H), 6.53 (d, 2H), 3.42 (q, 8H), 1.22 (t, 12H).
화합물 103: 무수 클로로포름(Chloroform) (30ml)에 화합물 23 (0.16g, 0.18mmol), 시아노아세트산(cyanoacetic acid) (0.16g, 1.83mmol), 피페리딘(piperidine) (0.05ml, 0.54mmol)을 가한 후, 6시간 동안 환류한다. 반응용액을 식힌 후, 물 (50ml)을 가한 다음 클로로포름(Chloroform)으로 추출한다. 유기층을 분리한 다음, MgSO4로 건조한 후, 감압하여 용매를 제거하고, 메탄올/디클로로메탄(Methanol/dichloromethane = 1 : 5) 을 전개용매로 하여 액체 크로마토그래피하면 적색 고체화합물 (0.14g, 82.4%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, DMSO, d6): δ = 8.04 (d, 4H), 7.93 (s, 1H), 7.60 (m, 4H), 7.44 (m, 10H), 7.02 (m, 6H), 6.68 (d, 2H), 6.51 (d, 2H), 3.47 (q, 8H), 1.25 (t, 12H).Compound 103: Compound 23 (0.16 g, 0.18 mmol), cyanoacetic acid (0.16 g, 1.83 mmol), piperidine (0.05 ml, 0.54 mmol) in anhydrous chloroform (30 ml) After adding, reflux for 6 hours. After the reaction solution is cooled, water (50 ml) is added, followed by extraction with chloroform. The organic layer was separated and then MgSO4After drying under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, and liquid chromatography with methanol / dichloromethane (Methanol / dichloromethane = 1: 5) as a developing solvent to give a red solid compound (0.14 g, 82.4%) is obtained.OneH-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO, d6): δ = 8.04 (d, 4H), 7.93 (s, 1H), 7.60 (m, 4H), 7.44 (m, 10H), 7.02 (m, 6H), 6.68 (d, 2H), 6.51 (d, 2H), 3.47 (q, 8H), 1.25 (t, 12H).
상기 화합물 103에 대하여 2-메톡시에탄올을 용매로 2.5*10-5M 농도에서 자외선-가시광선 영역의 흡수를 측정한 결과를 도 4에 나타내었으며, 51000 dm3mol-1cm-1의 흡광도를 나타내었다.Absorption of the ultraviolet-visible region of the compound 103 at 2.5 * 10 -5 M concentration using 2-methoxyethanol as a solvent is shown in FIG. 4, and the absorbance of 51000 dm 3 mol -1 cm -1 is shown. Indicated.
합성예 4: 쿠마린 함유 염료(화합물 104)의 합성Synthesis Example 4 Synthesis of Coumarin-Containing Dye (Compound 104)
화합물 24: 무수에탄올(Absolute ethanol) (5ml)에 화합물 11 (1.20g, 2.28mmol), 2-티오펜 아세토니트릴(2-thiophene acetonitrile) (0.56ml, 6.84mmol), 피페리딘(piperidine) (0.68ml, 6.84mmol)을 가한 후, 8시간 동안 환류한다. 반응용액을 식힌 후, 감압하여 용매를 제거한 다음, 디클로로메탄/n-헥산(Dichloromethane/n-hexane = 1 : 1) 을 전개용매로 하여 액체 크로마토그래피하면, 노란색 고체화합물 (1.03g, 71.5%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3) : δ = 7.72 (d, J = 8.4Hz, 2H), 7.58 (d, J = 8.4Hz, 4H), 7.31 (s, 1H), 7.25 (m, 2H), 7.04 (m, 3H), 6.86 (d, J = 8.4Hz, 4H). Compound 24: Compound 11 (1.20 g, 2.28 mmol), 2-thiophene acetonitrile (0.56 ml, 6.84 mmol), piperidine (Absolute ethanol (5 ml) 0.68 ml, 6.84 mmol), and reflux for 8 hours. After the reaction solution was cooled, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and then chromatographed with dichloromethane / n-hexane (Dichloromethane / n-hexane = 1: 1) as a developing solvent to give a yellow solid compound (1.03 g, 71.5%). Get 1 H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ = 7.72 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.58 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 4H), 7.31 (s, 1H), 7.25 (m, 2H) , 7.04 (m, 3H), 6.86 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 4H).
화합물 25: 1,2-디클로로에탄(1,2-Dichloroethane) (20ml)에 화합물 24 (1.0g, 1.59mmol), DMF (1.3ml, 15.87mmol), POCl3 (1.6ml, 15.87mmol)을 넣은 다음, 상온에서 10분간 교반한 후, 16시간 동안 환류한다. 반응용액을 실온으로 식힌 다음, 포화 소듐 아세테이트(Sodium acetate) 수용액에 천천히 부은 후, 10분간 교반한다. 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane)으로 추출하여, 유기층을 분리한 다음, MgSO4로 건조한다. 감압하여 용매를 제거하고, 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane)을 전개용매로 하여 액체 크로마토그래피하면, 붉은색 고체화합물 (0.86g, 81.1%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3) : δ = 9.85 (s, 1H), 7.78 (d, J = 8.4Hz , 2H), 7.70 (d, J = 4.0Hz , 1H), 7.60 (d, J = 8.4Hz, 4H), 7.43 (s, 1H), 7.39 (d, J = 4.0Hz, 1H), 7.04 (d, J = 8.4Hz, 2H), 6.86 (d, J = 8.4Hz, 4H). Compound 25: Compound 24 (1.0 g, 1.59 mmol), DMF (1.3 ml, 15.87 mmol), POCl in 1,2-Dichloroethane (20 ml)3 (1.6ml, 15.87mmol) was added thereto, stirred at room temperature for 10 minutes, and refluxed for 16 hours. The reaction solution is cooled to room temperature, poured slowly into a saturated aqueous sodium acetate solution, and then stirred for 10 minutes. Extract with dichloromethane, separate organic layer, MgSO4To dry. The solvent was removed by distillation under reduced pressure, and liquid chromatography was carried out using dichloromethane as a developing solvent to obtain a red solid compound (0.86 g, 81.1%).OneH-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 9.85 (s, 1H), 7.78 (d,J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.70 (d,J = 4.0 Hz, 1H), 7.60 (d,J = 8.4 Hz, 4H), 7.43 (s, 1H), 7.39 (d,J = 4.0 Hz, 1H), 7.04 (d,J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 6.86 (d,J = 8.4 Hz, 4H).
화합물 26: 화합물 25 (0.48g, 2.19mmol), 화합물 15 (0.48g, 0.73mmol), Pd(OAc)2 (8mg, 0.036mmol), K2CO3 (0.35g, 2.92mmol), Bu4NBr (0.47g, 1.46mmol)을 DMF (5ml)에 가한 다음, 온도를 95 ℃로 올린 후 16시간 동안 교반한다. 반응용액을 식힌 후, 물 (50ml)을 가한 다음 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane)으로 추출한다. 유기층을 분리한 다음, MgSO4 로 건조한 후, 감압하여 용매를 제거하고, 에틸아세테이트/n-헥산(Ethyl acetate/n-hexane = 1 : 1)을 전개용매로 하여 액체 크로마토그래피하면 검붉은색 고체화합물 (0.12g, 52.5%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3) : δ = 9.84 (s, 1H), 7.78 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 2H), 7.68 (d, J = 4.0Hz, 1H), 7.66 (s, 2H), 7.46 (m, 6H), 7.38 (d, J = 4.0Hz, 1H), 7.28 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 2H), 7.22 (s, 1H), 7.12 (d, J = 8.4Hz, 4H), 7.08 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 2H), 7.02 (d, J = 16.0Hz, 2H), 6.58 (dd, J = 2.4Hz, 2.4Hz, 2H), 6.50 (d, J = 2.4Hz, 2H), 3.43 (q, 8H), 1.22 (t, 12H). Compound 26: Compound 25 (0.48 g, 2.19 mmol), Compound 15 (0.48 g, 0.73 mmol), Pd (OAc)2 (8mg, 0.036mmol), K2CO3 (0.35g, 2.92mmol), Bu4NBr (0.47 g, 1.46 mmol) was added to DMF (5 ml), then the temperature was raised to 95 ° C. and stirred for 16 h. After cooling the reaction solution, water (50ml) was added and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer was separated and then MgSO4 After drying under reduced pressure, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and the liquid chromatography was carried out with ethyl acetate / n-hexane (Ethyl acetate / n-hexane = 1: 1) as a developing solvent to give a dark red solid compound (0.12 g, 52.5%). GetOneH-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 9.84 (s, 1H), 7.78 (d,J = 8.8 Hz, 2H), 7.68 (d,J = 4.0 Hz, 1H), 7.66 (s, 2H), 7.46 (m, 6H), 7.38 (d,J= 4.0 Hz, 1H), 7.28 (d,J = 8.8 Hz, 2H), 7.22 (s, 1H), 7.12 (d,J = 8.4 Hz, 4H), 7.08 (d,J = 8.8 Hz, 2H), 7.02 (d,J = 16.0 Hz, 2H), 6.58 (dd,J= 2.4 Hz, 2.4 Hz, 2H), 6.50 (d,J = 2.4 Hz, 2H), 3.43 (q, 8H), 1.22 (t, 12H).
화합물 104: 무수 클로로포름(Chloroform) (30ml)에 화합물 26 (0.18g, 0.21mmol), 시아노아세트산(cyanoacetic acid) (73mg, 0.86mmol), 피레리딘(piperidine) (0.08ml, 0.86mmol)을 가한 후, 6시간 동안 환류한다. 반응용액을 식힌 후, 물 (50ml)을 가한 다음 클로로포름(Chloroform)으로 추출한다. 유기층을 분리한 다음, MgSO4로 건조한 후, 감압하여 용매를 제거하고, 메탄올/에틸아세테이트(Methanol/ethyl acetate = 1 : 5)을 전개용매로 하여 액체 크로마토그래피하면 붉은색 고체화합물 (80mg, 42.1%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, DMSO, d6) : δ = 8.04 (s, 2H), 7.87 (br, s, 2H), 7.80 (d, J = 8.4Hz, 2H), 7.52 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 4H), 7.47 (s, 1H), 7.44 (d, J = 8.4Hz, 4H), 7.08 (d, J = 8.4Hz, 4H), 7.06 (s, 1H), 7.02 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 4H), 6.70 (dd, J = 2.4Hz, 2.4Hz, 2H), 6.54 (d, J = 2.4Hz, 2H), 3.47 (q, 8H), 1.25 (t, 12H). Compound 104: After adding Compound 26 (0.18 g, 0.21 mmol), cyanoacetic acid (73 mg, 0.86 mmol) and piperidine (0.08 ml, 0.86 mmol) to anhydrous chloroform (30 ml), Reflux for 6 hours. After the reaction solution is cooled, water (50 ml) is added, followed by extraction with chloroform. The organic layer was separated and then MgSO4After drying under reduced pressure, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and liquid chromatography was carried out using methanol / ethyl acetate (Methanol / ethyl acetate = 1: 5) as a developing solvent to obtain a red solid compound (80 mg, 42.1%).OneH-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO, d6): δ = 8.04 (s, 2H), 7.87 (br, s, 2H), 7.80 (d,J= 8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.52 (d,J = 8.8 Hz, 4H), 7.47 (s, 1H), 7.44 (d,J = 8.4 Hz, 4H), 7.08 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 4H), 7.06 (s, 1H), 7.02 (d,J = 8.8 Hz, 4H), 6.70 (dd,J= 2.4 Hz, 2.4 Hz, 2H), 6.54 (d,J = 2.4 Hz, 2H), 3.47 (q, 8H), 1.25 (t, 12H).
상기 화합물 104에 대하여 2-메톡시에탄올을 용매로 2*10-5M 농도에서 자외선-가시광선 영역의 흡수를 측정한 결과를 도 5에 나타내었으며, 58000 dm3mol-1cm-1의 흡광도를 나타내었다.Absorption of the ultraviolet-visible region of the compound 104 was measured at 2 * 10 -5 M concentration using 2-methoxyethanol as a solvent, as shown in FIG. 5, and the absorbance of 58000 dm 3 mol -1 cm -1 was measured. Indicated.
합성예 5: 쿠마린 함유 염료(화합물 105)의 합성Synthesis Example 5 Synthesis of Coumarin-Containing Dye (Compound 105)
화합물 27: 1,2-디클로로에탄(1,2-Dichloroethane) (20ml)에 트리페닐아민(triphenylamine) (3.0g, 12.23mmol), DMF (9.5ml, 122.3mmol), POCl3 (11.4ml, 122.3mmol) 을 넣은 다음, 상온에서 1시간 동안 교반한 후, 24시간 동안 환류한다. 반응용액을 실온으로 식힌 다음, 포화 소듐 아세테이트(Sodium acetate) 수용액에 천천히 부은 후, 10분간 교반한다. 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane)으로 추출하여, 유기층을 분리한 다음, MgSO4로 건조한다. 감압하여 용매를 제거하고, 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane)을 전개용매로 하여 액체 크로마토그래피하면 노란색 고체화합물 (1.40g, 38.0%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 9.87 (s, 2H), 7.77 (d, J = 8.4Hz, 4H), 7.36 (m, 2H), 7.18 (m, 2H), 7.16 (m, 5H).Compound 27: triphenylamine (3.0 g, 12.23 mmol), DMF (9.5 ml, 122.3 mmol), POCl in 1,2-dichloroethane (20 ml)3 (11.4 ml, 122.3 mmol) was added, followed by stirring at room temperature for 1 hour, followed by reflux for 24 hours. The reaction solution is cooled to room temperature, poured slowly into a saturated aqueous sodium acetate solution, and then stirred for 10 minutes. Extract with dichloromethane, separate organic layer, MgSO4To dry. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and the liquid was chromatographed with dichloromethane as a developing solvent to give a yellow solid compound. (1.40 g, 38.0%) is obtained.OneH-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 9.87 (s, 2H), 7.77 (d,J = 8.4 Hz, 4H), 7.36 (m, 2H), 7.18 (m, 2H), 7.16 (m, 5H).
화합물 28: 빙초산(Glacial acetic acid) (10ml)에 화합물 27 (1.0g, 3.32mmol) 을 넣고, 온도를 70 ℃로 올린다. 반응물이 다 녹은 것을 확인한 후에, KI (0.55g, 3.32mmol), KIO3 (1.07g, 4.98mmol) 을 가한 후, 16시간 동안 교반한다. 반응용액을 식히고, 생성된 고체를 여과(Suction) 한 후, 물로 여러 번 씻어준다. 생성물을 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane)에 녹인 다음, 묽은 암모니아용액 (pH ~8) 으로 씻은 후, NaHSO3 포화용액, 물로 여러 번 씻어준다. 유기층을 MgSO4로 건조한 다음, 감압하여 용매를 제거하면 연노란색 고체화합물 (1.33g, 93.7%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 9.88 (s, 2H), 7.78 (d, J = 8.4Hz, 4H), 7.66 (d, J = 8.4Hz, 2H), 7.15 (d, J = 8.4Hz, 4H), 6.90 (d, J = 8.4Hz, 2H). Compound 28: Compound 27 in Glacial acetic acid (10 ml) (1.0 g, 3.32 mmol) was added and the temperature was raised to 70 ° C. After confirming that the reactants are all dissolved, KI (0.55g, 3.32mmol), KIO3 (1.07 g, 4.98 mmol) is added and then stirred for 16 hours. After cooling the reaction solution, the resulting solids are filtered and washed several times with water. The product was dissolved in dichloromethane, washed with dilute ammonia solution (pH ~ 8), and then NaHSO3 Wash several times with saturated solution and water. MgSO organic layer4To a light yellow solid which is then dried under reduced pressure to remove the solvent. (1.33 g, 93.7%).OneH-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 9.88 (s, 2H), 7.78 (d,J = 8.4 Hz, 4H), 7.66 (d,J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.15 (d,J = 8.4 Hz, 4H), 6.90 (d,J = 8.4 Hz, 2H).
화합물 29: 화합물 28 (0.34g, 1.55mmol), 화합물 15 (0.66g, 1.55mmol), Pd(OAc)2 (17mg, 0.077mmol), K2CO3 (0.56g, 4.65mmol), Bu4NBr (0.75g, 2.33mmol)을 DMF (5ml)에 가한 다음, 온도를 95 ℃로 올린 후 4시간 동안 교반한다. 반응용액을 식힌 후, 물 (50ml)을 가한 다음 디클로메탄(Dichloromethane)으로 추출한다. 유기층을 분리한 다음, MgSO4 로 건조한 후, 감압하여 용매를 제거하고, 에틸아세테이트/n-헥산(Ethyl acetate/n-hexane = 1 : 1)을 전개용매로 하여 액체 크로마토그래피하면 주황색 고체화합물 (0.40g, 50.0%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3) : δ = 9.89 (s, 2H), 7.78 (m, 4H), 7.68 (s, 1H), 7.52 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 2H), 7.46 (m, 1H), 7.28 (d, J = 9.2Hz, 1H), 7.22 (m, 4H), 7.12 (m, 2H), 7.08 (d, J = 16.0Hz, 1H), 6.61 (dd, J = 2.4Hz, 2.4Hz, 1H), 6.50 (d, J = 2.4Hz, 1H), 3.43 (q, 4H), 1.24 (t, 6H). Compound 29: Compound 28 (0.34 g, 1.55 mmol), Compound 15 (0.66 g, 1.55 mmol), Pd (OAc)2 (17mg, 0.077mmol), K2CO3 (0.56g, 4.65mmol), Bu4NBr (0.75 g, 2.33 mmol) was added to DMF (5 ml), then the temperature was 95 Raise to C and stir for 4 h. After cooling the reaction solution, water (50ml) is added and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer was separated and then MgSO4 After drying under reduced pressure, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and the liquid was chromatographed with ethyl acetate / n-hexane (Ethyl acetate / n-hexane = 1: 1) as a developing solvent to give an orange solid compound (0.40 g, 50.0%). .OneH-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 9.89 (s, 2H), 7.78 (m, 4H), 7.68 (s, 1H), 7.52 (d,J= 8.8 Hz, 2H), 7.46 (m, 1H), 7.28 (d,J = 9.2 Hz, 1H), 7.22 (m, 4H), 7.12 (m, 2H), 7.08 (d,J = 16.0 Hz, 1H), 6.61 (dd,J= 2.4 Hz, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 6.50 (d,J = 2.4 Hz, 1H), 3.43 (q, 4H), 1.24 (t, 6H).
화합물 105: 무수 클로로포름(Chloroform) (30ml) 에 화합물 29 (0.30g, 0.58mmol), 시아노아세트산(cyanoacetic acid) (0.49g, 5.78mmol), 피레리딘(piperidine) (0.17ml, 1.73mmol)을 가한 후, 16시간 동안 환류한다. 반응용액을 식힌 후, 물 (50ml)을 가한 다음 클로로포름(Chloroform)으로 추출한다. 유기층을 분리한 다음, MgSO4 로 건조한 후, 감압하여 용매를 제거하고, 메탄올/디클로로메탄(Methanol/dichloromethane = 1 : 10) 을 전개용매로 하여 액체 크로마토그래피하면 주황색 고체화합물 (0.16g, 42.1%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, DMSO, d6) : δ = 8.02 (br, s, 1H), 7.92~7.80 (br, m, 6H), 7.56~7.40 (br, m, 5H), 7.20~7.00 (br, m, 6H), 6.68 (br, d, 1H), 6.52 (br, s, 1H), 3.47 (br, m, 4H), 1.25 (br, m, 6H). Compound 105: Compound 29 (0.30 g, 0.58 mmol), cyanoacetic acid (0.49 g, 5.78 mmol), piperidine (0.17 ml, 1.73 mmol) in anhydrous chloroform (30 ml) After adding, reflux for 16 hours. After the reaction solution is cooled, water (50 ml) is added, followed by extraction with chloroform. The organic layer was separated, dried over MgSO 4 , removed under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, and chromatographed with methanol / dichloromethane (1:10) as a developing solvent to give an orange solid compound (0.16g, 42.1%). Get) 1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO, d 6 ): δ = 8.02 (br, s, 1H), 7.92-7.80 (br, m, 6H), 7.56-7.40 (br, m, 5H), 7.20-7.00 ( br, m, 6H), 6.68 (br, d, 1H), 6.52 (br, s, 1H), 3.47 (br, m, 4H), 1.25 (br, m, 6H).
상기 화합물 105에 대하여 2-메톡시에탄올을 용매로 2.5*10-5M 농도에서 자외선-가시광선 영역의 흡수를 측정한 결과를 도 6에 나타내었으며, 67000 dm3mol-1cm-1의 흡광도를 나타내었다.The absorbance of the ultraviolet-visible region at 2.5 * 10 -5 M concentration using 2-methoxyethanol as a solvent for the compound 105 was shown in FIG. 6, and the absorbance of 67000 dm 3 mol -1 cm -1 was measured. Indicated.
합성예 6: 페노티아진 함유 염료(화합물 106)의 합성Synthesis Example 6 Synthesis of Phenothiazine-containing Dye (Compound 106)
화합물 31: 톨루엔(Toluene) (50ml)에 4-니트로벤즈알데하이드(4-nitrobenzaldehyde) (2.0g, 13.23mmol), 네오펜틸 글리콜(neopentyl glycol) (2.76g, 26.46mmol), p-톨루엔설폰산(p-toluenesulfonic acid) (50mg)을 가한 후, 딘-스탁(dean-stark)을 설치한 다음, 16시간 동안 환류한다. 반응용액을 식힌 후, 감압하여 용매를 제거하고, 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane)을 전개용매로 하여 액체 크로마토그래피하면 노란색 고체화합물 (2.90g, 99.0%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 8.20 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 2H), 7.66 (d, J = 8.4Hz, 2H), 5.45 (s, 1H), 3.78 (d, J = 11.2Hz, 2H), 3.66 (d, J = 11.2Hz, 2H), 1.28 (s, 3H), 0.82 (s, 3H). Compound 31: 4-nitrobenzaldehyde (2.0g, 13.23mmol), neopentyl glycol (2.76g, 26.46mmol), p-toluenesulfonic acid in toluene (50ml) acid) (50 mg) was added, then dean-stark was installed and refluxed for 16 hours. After cooling the reaction solution, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and the liquid chromatography was carried out using dichloromethane as a developing solvent to obtain a yellow solid compound (2.90 g, 99.0%).OneH-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 8.20 (d,J = 8.8 Hz, 2H), 7.66 (d,J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 5.45 (s, 1H), 3.78 (d,J = 11.2 Hz, 2H), 3.66 (d,J = 11.2 Hz, 2H), 1.28 (s, 3H), 0.82 (s, 3H).
화합물 32: 이소프로필 알코올(Isopropyl alcohol) (100ml)에 화합물 31 (3.0g, 13.56mmol) 을 넣고, NaSH (6.03g, 108.48mmol)을 물 (5ml)에 녹인 용액을 가한 후, 16시간 동안 환류한다. 반응용액을 식힌 후, 감압하여 용매를 제거하고, 과량의 물로 씻어준다. 에틸아세테이트(Ethyl acetate)를 가해 생성된 고체를 완전히 녹인 후, 물 (100ml)에 붓고 10분간 교반한다. 유기층을 분리한 후 MgSO4 로 건조한 다음, 감압하여 용매를 제거하고, 에틸아세테이트/n-헥산(Ethyl acetate/n-hexane = 1 : 3)을 전개용매로 하여 액체 크로마토그래피하면 노란색 고체화합물 (2.13g, 75.8%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3) : δ = 7.24 (d, J = 7.6Hz, 2H), 7.60 (d, J = 8.4Hz, 2H), 5.26 (s, 1H), 3.70 (d, J = 11.2Hz, 2H), 3.66 (br, s, 2H), 3.58 (d, J = 11.2Hz, 2H), 1.28 (s, 3H), 0.76 (s, 3H). Compound 32: Compound 31 (3.0 g, 13.56 mmol) was added to Isopropyl alcohol (100 ml), and a solution of NaSH (6.03 g, 108.48 mmol) dissolved in water (5 ml) was added thereto, followed by reflux for 16 hours. do. After cooling the reaction solution, the solvent is removed under reduced pressure and washed with excess water. Ethyl acetate is added to completely dissolve the resulting solids, and then poured into water (100 ml) and stirred for 10 minutes. MgSO after separating organic layer4 After drying under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, and liquid chromatography with ethyl acetate / n-hexane (Ethyl acetate / n-hexane = 1: 3) as a developing solvent yellow solid compound (2.13 g, 75.8%).OneH-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 7.24 (d,J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.60 (d,J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 5.26 (s, 1H), 3.70 (d,J = 11.2 Hz, 2H), 3.66 (br, s, 2H), 3.58 (d,J = 11.2 Hz, 2H), 1.28 (s, 3H), 0.76 (s, 3H).
화합물 34: DMF (20ml) 에 페노티아진(Phenothiazine) (화합물 33, 5.0g, 25.09mmol)을 넣고 온도를 0 ℃로 낮춘 후, 60% NaH (1.51g, 37.64mmol) 을 넣고 10분간 교반한다. 반응용액에 1-브로모헥산(1-Bromohexane) (4.23ml, 30.11mmol) 을 넣고 30분간 교반한 다음, 온도를 상온으로 올린 후, 10시간 동안 교반한다. 반응용액에 물 (200ml)을 가한 다음, 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane)으로 추출한 후, 유기층을 분리하고 MgSO4 로 건조한다. 감압하여 용매를 제거하고, 디클로로메탄/n-헥산(Dichloromethane/n-hexane = 1 : 3) 을 전개용매로 하여 액체 크로마토그래피하면 무색 액체화합물 (7.07g, 99.4%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 7.18 (m, 4H), 6.94 (m, 4H), 3.88 (t, 2H), 1.86 (m, 2H), 1.51 (m, 2H), 1.37 (m, 4H), 0.97 (t, 3H).Compound 34: Phenothiazine (Compound 33, 5.0 g, 25.09 mmol) was added to DMF (20 ml), and the temperature was 0. After lowering to ℃, add 60% NaH (1.51g, 37.64mmol) and stir for 10 minutes. 1-Bromohexane (1-Bromohexane) (4.23ml, 30.11mmol) was added to the reaction solution and stirred for 30 minutes. After raising the temperature to room temperature, the mixture was stirred for 10 hours. Water (200 ml) was added to the reaction solution, followed by extraction with dichloromethane. The organic layer was separated and MgSO4 To dry. The solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure, and liquid chromatography was carried out using dichloromethane / n-hexane (Dichloromethane / n-hexane = 1: 3) as a developing solvent to give a colorless liquid compound. (7.07g, 99.4%) is obtained.OneH-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 7.18 (m, 4H), 6.94 (m, 4H), 3.88 (t, 2H), 1.86 (m, 2H), 1.51 (m, 2H), 1.37 (m, 4H), 0.97 (t, 3H).
화합물 35: DMF (20ml)에 화합물 34 (4.18g, 14.75mmol), NBS (2.63g, 14.75mmol)을 가한 후, 3시간 동안 교반한다. 반응용액에 물 (200ml)을 가한 후, 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane)으로 추출하고, 유기층을 분리한다. MgSO4로 건조한 다음, 감압하여 용매를 제거하고, 디클로로메탄/n-헥산(Dichloromethane /n-hexane = 1 : 5) 을 전개용매로 하여 액체 크로마토그래피하면 갈색 액체화합물 (4.05g, 75.8%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 7.18 (d, J = 2.4Hz, 1H), 7.12 (m, 1H), 7.08 (d, J = 8.0Hz, 1H), 6.89 (m, 1H), 6.82 (d, J = 8.0Hz, 1H), 6.64 (m, 2H), 3.77 (t, 2H), 1.75 (m, 2H), 1.37 (m, 2H), 1.28 (m, 4H), 0.86 (t, 3H).Compound 35: Compound 34 (4.18 g, 14.75 mmol) and NBS (2.63 g, 14.75 mmol) were added to DMF (20 ml), followed by stirring for 3 hours. Water (200 ml) was added to the reaction solution, followed by extraction with dichloromethane, and the organic layer was separated. MgSO4After drying under reduced pressure, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and the liquid was chromatographed with dichloromethane / n-hexane (Dichloromethane / n-hexane = 1: 5) as a developing solvent. (4.05g, 75.8%) is obtained.OneH-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 7.18 (d,J = 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.12 (m, 1H), 7.08 (d,J = 8.0 Hz, 1H), 6.89 (m, 1H), 6.82 (d,J = 8.0 Hz, 1H), 6.64 (m, 2H), 3.77 (t, 2H), 1.75 (m, 2H), 1.37 (m, 2H), 1.28 (m, 4H), 0.86 (t, 3H).
화합물 36: o-자일렌(o-Xylene) (20ml)에 화합물 32 (0.25g, 1.21mmol), 화합물 35 (1.09g, 3.0mmol), Pd(OAc)2 (11mg, 0.05mmol), P(tBu)3 (0.03ml), NaOtBu (0.35g, 1.63mmol)을 가한 다음, 16시간 동안 환류한다. 반응용액을 식힌 후, 걸러서 촉매 및 부산물을 제거한 다음, 감압하여 용매를 제거한다. 디클로로메탄/n-헥산(Dichloromethane /n-hexane = 1 : 1)을 전개용매로 하여 액체 크로마토그래피하면 연노란색 액체화합물 (0.39g, 41.9%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3) : δ = 7.24~7.14 (br, m, 2H), 7.08~6.94 (m, 5H), 6.92~6.56 (br, m, 11H), 5.24 (s, 1H), 3.72 (t, 4H), 3.66 (d, J = 11.2Hz, 2H), 3.54 (d, J = 11.2Hz, 2H), 1.70 (m, 4H), 1.33 (m, 4H), 1.21 (m, 11H), 0.79 (t, 6H), 0.74 (s, 3H). Compound 36: Compound 32 in o-Xylene (20 ml) (0.25 g, 1.21 mmol), Compound 35 (1.09g, 3.0mmol), Pd (OAc)2 (11 mg, 0.05 mmol), P (tBu)3 (0.03ml), NaOtBu (0.35 g, 1.63 mmol) is added and then refluxed for 16 h. After cooling the reaction solution, the catalyst and by-products are removed by filtration, and then the solvent is removed under reduced pressure. Chromatography with dichloromethane / n-hexane (Dichloromethane / n-hexane = 1: 1) as a developing solvent yields a pale yellow liquid compound (0.39 g, 41.9%).OneH-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 7.24 ~ 7.14 (br, m, 2H), 7.08 ~ 6.94 (m, 5H), 6.92 ~ 6.56 (br, m, 11H), 5.24 (s, 1H), 3.72 (t, 4H), 3.66 (d,J = 11.2 Hz, 2H), 3.54 (d,J = 11.2 Hz, 2H), 1.70 (m, 4H), 1.33 (m, 4H), 1.21 (m, 11H), 0.79 (t, 6H), 0.74 (s, 3H).
화합물 37: THF (150ml), 물 (50ml)에 화합물 36 (0.39g, 0.51mmol), CF3COOH (10ml)를 가한 후, 1시간 동안 교반한다. NaHCO3 수용액으로 반응용액을 중화 시킨 후, 디클로로메탄(dichloromethane)으로 추출한다. 유기층을 분리한 다음, MgSO4로 건조한 후, 감압하여 용매를 제거하고, 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane)을 전개용매로 하여 액체 크로마토그래피하면 노란색 액체화합물 (0.24g, 68.6%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3) : δ = 9.74 (s, 1H), 7.61 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 2H), 7.16 (m, 2H), 7.08 (d, J = 8.4Hz, 2H), 6.94~6.76 (m, 12H), 3.80 (t, 4H), 1.80 (m, 4H), 1.43 (m, 4H), 1.30 (m, 8H), 0.88 (t, 6H).Compound 37: Compound 36 in THF (150 ml), water (50 ml) (0.39g, 0.51mmol), CF3COOH (10 ml) is added and then stirred for 1 hour. NaHCO3 The reaction solution is neutralized with an aqueous solution and then extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer was separated and then MgSO4After drying under reduced pressure, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and the liquid was chromatographed with dichloromethane as a developing solvent. (0.24 g, 68.6%).OneH-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 9.74 (s, 1H), 7.61 (d,J = 8.8 Hz, 2H), 7.16 (m, 2H), 7.08 (d,J = 8.4Hz, 2H), 6.94 ~ 6.76 (m, 12H), 3.80 (t, 4H), 1.80 (m, 4H), 1.43 (m, 4H), 1.30 (m, 8H), 0.88 (t, 6H) .
화합물 106: 무수 클로로포름(Chloroform) (30ml)에 화합물 37 (0.24g, 0.35mmol), 시아노아세트산(cyanoacetic acid) (0.29g, 3.50mmol), 피페리딘(piperidine) (0.1ml, 1.05mmol)을 가한 후, 16시간 동안 환류한다. 반응용액을 식힌 후, 물 (50ml)을 가한 다음 클로로포름(Chloroform)으로 추출한다. 유기층을 분리한 다음, MgSO4로 건조한 후, 감압하여 용매를 제거하고, 메탄올/클로로포름(Methanol/chloroform = 1 : 7)을 전개용매로 하여 액체 크로마토그래피하면 주황색 고체화합물 (0.23g, 88.5%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, DMSO, d6) : δ = 8.11 (s, 1H), 7.90 (s, 1H), 7.71 (d, J = 8.4Hz, 2H), 7.15 (m, 2H), 7.04 (d, J = 7.2Hz, 2H), 6.96~6.84 (m, 9H), 6.81 (d, J = 8.4Hz, 2H), 3.81 (t, 4H), 1.73 (m, 4H), 1.41 (m, 4H), 1.28 (m, 8H), 0.85 (t, 6H). Compound 106: Compound 37 (0.24 g, 0.35 mmol), cyanoacetic acid (0.29 g, 3.50 mmol), piperidine (0.1 ml, 1.05 mmol) in anhydrous chloroform (30 ml) After adding, reflux for 16 hours. After the reaction solution is cooled, water (50 ml) is added, followed by extraction with chloroform. The organic layer was separated, dried over MgSO 4 , removed under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, and chromatographed with methanol / chloroform (Methanol / chloroform = 1: 7) as a developing solvent to give an orange solid compound (0.23g, 88.5%). Get 1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO, d 6 ): δ = 8.11 (s, 1H), 7.90 (s, 1H), 7.71 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.15 (m, 2H), 7.04 ( d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 6.96-6.84 (m, 9H), 6.81 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 3.81 (t, 4H), 1.73 (m, 4H), 1.41 (m, 4H ), 1.28 (m, 8H), 0.85 (t, 6H).
상기 화합물 106에 대하여 2-메톡시에탄올을 용매로 2.7*10-5M 농도에서 자외선-가시광선 영역의 흡수를 측정한 결과를 도 7에 나타내었으며, 33000 dm3mol-1cm-1의 흡광도를 나타내었다.As a result of measuring absorption of the ultraviolet-visible region at 2.7 * 10 -5 M concentration with 2-methoxyethanol as a solvent for the compound 106, it is shown in FIG. 7, and the absorbance of 33000 dm 3 mol -1 cm -1 was measured. Indicated.
합성예 7: 페노티아진 함유 염료(화합물 107)의 합성Synthesis Example 7 Synthesis of Phenothiazine-containing Dye (Compound 107)
화합물 38: 1,2-디클로로에탄(1,2-Dichloroethane) (30ml)에 화합물 34 (7.07g, 24.94mmol), DMF (5.82ml, 74.83mmol), POCl3 (6.98ml, 74.83mmol)을 넣은 다음, 상온에서 1시간 동안 교반한 후, 2시간 동안 환류한다. 반응용액을 실온으로 식힌 다음, 포화 소듐 아세테이트(Sodium acetate) 수용액에 천천히 부은 후, 10분간 교반한다. 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane)으로 추출하여, 유기층을 분리한 다음, MgSO4로 건조한다. 감압하여 용매를 제거하고, 디클로로메탄/n-헥산(Dichloromethane/n-hexane = 1 : 3)을 전개용매로 하여 액체 크로마토그래피하면 노란색 액체화합물 (5.72g, 77.6%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3) : δ = 9.77 (s, 1H), 7.61 (dd, J = 2.4Hz, 2.4Hz, 1H), 7.56 (d, J = 2.4Hz, 1H), 7.16 (m, 1H), 7.08 (dd, J = 2.4Hz, 2.4Hz, 1H), 6.93 (m, 1H), 6.89 (m, 2H), 3.87 (t, 2H), 1.79 (m, 2H), 1.42 (m, 2H), 1.32 (m, 4H), 0.87 (t, 3H). Compound 38: Compound 34 (7.07 g, 24.94 mmol), DMF (5.82 ml, 74.83 mmol), and POCl 3 (6.98 ml, 74.83 mmol) were added to 1,2-dichloroethane (30 ml). Next, the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 1 hour and then refluxed for 2 hours. The reaction solution is cooled to room temperature, poured slowly into a saturated aqueous sodium acetate solution, and then stirred for 10 minutes. Extracted with dichloromethane, the organic layer was separated and dried over MgSO 4 . The solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and the liquid chromatography was carried out using dichloromethane / n-hexane (Dichloromethane / n-hexane = 1: 3) as a developing solvent to obtain a yellow liquid compound (5.72 g, 77.6%). 1 H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ = 9.77 (s, 1H), 7.61 (dd, J = 2.4 Hz, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.56 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.16 (m , 1H), 7.08 (dd, J = 2.4 Hz, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 6.93 (m, 1H), 6.89 (m, 2H), 3.87 (t, 2H), 1.79 (m, 2H), 1.42 (m , 2H), 1.32 (m, 4H), 0.87 (t, 3H).
화합물 39: THF (5ml)에 메틸트리페닐포스포늄 브로마이드(methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide) (2.52g, 7.08mmol), 95% NaH (0.21g, 8.84mmol)을 넣고 1시간 동안 교반한 후, 화합물 38 (1.74g, 5.89mmol)를 넣고, 16시간 동안 교반한다. 반응용액에 물 (50ml)을 가한 다음, 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane)으로 추출하여, 유기층을 분리한 다음, MgSO4로 건조한다. 감압하여 용매를 제거하고, 디클로로메탄/n-헥산(Dichloromethane/n-hexane = 1 : 3)을 전개용매로 하여 액체 크로마토그래피하면 연노란색 액체화합물 (1.44g, 78.5%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3) : δ = 7.14 (d, J = 2.4Hz, 1H), 7.07 (m, 3H), 6.83 (m, 1H), 6.80 (d, J = 8.4Hz, 1H), 6.70 (d, J = 8.0Hz, 1H), 6.52 (dd, J = 10.8Hz, 10.8Hz, 1H), 5.57 (d, J = 17.6Hz, 1H), 5.08 (d, J = 10.8Hz, 1H), 3.74 (t, 2H), 1.73 (m, 2H), 1.36 (m, 2H), 1.25 (m, 4H), 0.84 (t, 3H). Compound 39: Methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide (2.52g, 7.08mmol) and 95% NaH (0.21g, 8.84mmol) were added to THF (5ml) and stirred for 1 hour, followed by Compound 38 (1.74g). , 5.89 mmol) and stirred for 16 hours. Water (50 ml) was added to the reaction solution, followed by extraction with dichloromethane. The organic layer was separated and dried over MgSO 4 . The solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and the liquid chromatography was carried out using dichloromethane / n-hexane (Dichloromethane / n-hexane = 1: 3) as a developing solvent to give a pale yellow liquid compound (1.44 g, 78.5%). 1 H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ = 7.14 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.07 (m, 3H), 6.83 (m, 1H), 6.80 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H) , 6.70 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H), 6.52 (dd, J = 10.8 Hz, 10.8 Hz, 1H), 5.57 (d, J = 17.6 Hz, 1H), 5.08 (d, J = 10.8 Hz, 1H ), 3.74 (t, 2H), 1.73 (m, 2H), 1.36 (m, 2H), 1.25 (m, 4H), 0.84 (t, 3H).
화합물 40: 합성예 1에서 제조한 화합물 11 (0.19g, 0.36mmol), 화합물 39 (0.27g, 0.87mmol), Pd(OAc)2 (4mg, 0.018mmol), K2CO3 (0.17g, 1.44mmol), Bu4NBr (0.23g, 0.72mmol) 을 DMF (5ml)에 가한 다음, 온도를 95 ℃로 올린 후 6시간 동안 교반한다. 반응용액을 식힌 후, 물 (50ml)을 가한 다음 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane)으로 추출한다. 유기층을 분리한 다음, MgSO4로 건조한 후, 감압하여 용매를 제거하고, 디클로로메탄/n-헥산(Dichloromethane/n-hexane = 1 : 1)을 전개용매로 하여 액체 크로마토그래피하면 노란색 고체화합물 (0.30g, 93.8%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3) : δ = 9.80 (s, 1H), 7.69 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 2H), 7.42 (d, J = 8.4Hz, 4H), 7.23 (m, 4H), 7.12 (m, 10H), 7.04 (m, 6H), 6.81 (dd, J = 8.4Hz, 8.4Hz, 4H), 3.83 (t, 4H), 1.80 (m, 4H), 1.43 (m, 4H), 1.30 (m, 8H), 0.87 (t, 6H). Compound 40: Compound 11 (0.19 g, 0.36 mmol) prepared in Synthesis Example 1, compound 39 (0.27 g, 0.87 mmol), Pd (OAc)2 (4mg, 0.018mmol), K2CO3 (0.17g, 1.44mmol), Bu4NBr (0.23 g, 0.72 mmol) was added to DMF (5 ml), and then the temperature was 95 Raise to C and stir for 6 hours. After cooling the reaction solution, water (50ml) was added and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer was separated and then MgSO4After drying under reduced pressure, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and chromatographed with dichloromethane / n-hexane (Dichloromethane / n-hexane = 1: 1) as a developing solvent to give a yellow solid compound (0.30 g, 93.8%).OneH-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 9.80 (s, 1H), 7.69 (d,J = 8.8 Hz, 2H), 7.42 (d,J = 8.4 Hz, 4H), 7.23 (m, 4H), 7.12 (m, 10H), 7.04 (m, 6H), 6.81 (dd,J = 8.4 Hz, 8.4 Hz, 4H), 3.83 (t, 4H), 1.80 (m, 4H), 1.43 (m, 4H), 1.30 (m, 8H), 0.87 (t, 6H).
화합물 107: 무수 클로로포름(Chloroform) (30ml)에 화합물 40 (0.30g, 0.34mmol), 시아노아세트산(cyanoacetic acid) (0.21g, 3.37mmol), 피레리딘(piperidine) (0.1ml, 1.01mmol)을 가한 후, 4시간 동안 환류한다. 반응용액을 식힌 후, 물 (50ml)을 가한 다음 클로로포름(Chloroform)으로 추출한다. 유기층을 분리한 다음, MgSO4로 건조한 후, 감압하여 용매를 제거하고, 메탄올/클로로포름(Methanol/chloroform = 1 : 6)을 전개용매로 하여 액체 크로마토그래피하면 주황색 고체화합물 (0.24g, 75.0%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, DMSO, d6) : δ = 7.89 (s, 1H), 7.80 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 2H), 7.53 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 4H), 7.36 (m, 4H), 7.19~7.05 (m, 10H), 7.02~6.88 (m, 10H), 3.85 (t, 4H), 1.66 (m, 4H), 1.37 (m, 4H), 1.23 (m, 8H), 0.83 (t, 6H). Compound 107: Compound 40 (0.30 g, 0.34 mmol), cyanoacetic acid (0.21 g, 3.37 mmol), piperidine (0.1 ml, 1.01 mmol) in anhydrous chloroform (30 ml) After adding, reflux for 4 hours. After the reaction solution is cooled, water (50 ml) is added, followed by extraction with chloroform. The organic layer was separated and then MgSO4After drying under reduced pressure, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and the liquid was chromatographed with methanol / chloroform (Methanol / chloroform = 1: 6) as a developing solvent. (0.24 g, 75.0%) is obtained.OneH-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO, d6): δ = 7.89 (s, 1H), 7.80 (d,J = 8.8 Hz, 2H), 7.53 (d,J = 8.8 Hz, 4H), 7.36 (m, 4H), 7.19-7.05 (m, 10H), 7.02-6.88 (m, 10H), 3.85 (t, 4H), 1.66 (m, 4H), 1.37 (m, 4H), 1.23 (m, 8H), 0.83 (t, 6H).
화합물 107의 자외선-가시광역 영역의 흡수파장을 도 8에 나타내었다. 2-메톡시에탄올을 용매로 1.5*10-5M 조건에서 흡광도는 70,000 dm3mol-1cm-1 이상으로, 기존의 염료에 비해 현저히 높은 값을 가진다. The absorption wavelength of the ultraviolet-visible wide region of the compound 107 is shown in FIG. 8. Under 1.5 * 10 -5 M condition using 2-methoxyethanol as a solvent, the absorbance is 70,000 dm 3 mol -1 cm -1 or more, which is significantly higher than that of conventional dyes.
합성예 8: 포피린 함유 염료(화합물 108)의 합성Synthesis Example 8: Synthesis of Porphyrin-Containing Dye (Compound 108)
화합물 41: 질소 기류 하에서 헥산알(hexanal) (3.1ml, 25mmol), 메틸-4-포르밀벤조에이트(methyl-4-formylbenzoate) (1.37g, 8.35mmol), 피롤(pyrrole) (2.3ml, 33.3mmol)을 디클로로메탄(dichloromethane) (3.3L)에 녹인 후, 빛을 차단한다. BF3·OEt2 (Boron trifluoride diethyl etherate, 1.7ml, 13.4mmol)와 2-프로판올(2-propanol) (22ml)을 첨가하고 90분 동안 교반한다. 2,3-디클로로-5,6-디시아니-1,4-벤조퀴논(2,3-Dichloro-5,6-dicyani-1,4-benzoquinone) (DDQ, 7.57g, 33.3mmol)을 첨가하고 70분 동안 교반한다. 트리에틸아민(Triethylamine) (4.67ml, 33.5mmol)을 첨가하고 30분 동안 교반한 후 반응을 종결한다. 감압 증류를 통하여 반응 혼합물의 용매를 제거한다. 액체 크로마토그래피(silicagel, CHCl3:hexane=3:1, Rf=0.17)로 분리하여 보라색의 고체 화합물 (0.438g, 8%)을 얻는다. TLC (dichloromethane) Rf=0.17 m.p.= 222℃ 1H-NMR (CDCl3, 400MHz) : δ(ppm) = -2.67(s, 2H), 0.98(m, 9H), 1.54(m, 6H), 1.77(m, 6H), 2.52(m, 6H), 4.13(s, 3H), 4.95(m, 6H), 8.23(d, 2H), 8.40(d, 2H), 8.71(d, 2H), 9.36(d, 2H), 9.49(q, 4H)Compound 41: hexanal (3.1 ml, 25 mmol), methyl-4-formylbenzoate (1.37 g, 8.35 mmol), pyrrole (2.3 ml, 33.3) under nitrogen stream mmol) is dissolved in dichloromethane (3.3 L) and the light is blocked. BF 3 · OEt 2 (Boron trifluoride diethyl etherate, 1.7ml, 13.4mmol) and 2-propanol (22ml) are added and stirred for 90 minutes. 2,3-Dichloro-5,6-dicyani-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ, 7.57 g, 33.3 mmol) was added Stir for 70 minutes. Triethylamine (4.67ml, 33.5mmol) is added and stirred for 30 minutes before terminating the reaction. The solvent of the reaction mixture is removed by distillation under reduced pressure. Separated by liquid chromatography (silicagel, CHCl 3 : hexane = 3: 1, R f = 0.17) to give a purple solid compound (0.438g, 8%). TLC (dichloromethane) R f = 0.17 mp = 222 ° C. 1 H-NMR (CDCl 3 , 400 MHz): δ (ppm) = -2.67 (s, 2H), 0.98 (m, 9H), 1.54 (m, 6H), 1.77 (m, 6H), 2.52 (m, 6H), 4.13 (s, 3H), 4.95 (m, 6H), 8.23 (d, 2H), 8.40 (d, 2H), 8.71 (d, 2H), 9.36 (d, 2H), 9.49 (q, 4H)
화합물 42: 질소 기류 하에서 THF (20ml)에 리튬 알루미늄 하이드라이드(lithium aluminum hydride) (34mg, 0.916mmol)를 넣고 교반한다. 빛을 차단한 후 화합물 41(200mg, 0.305mmol)를 첨가하고 30분간 교반한다. 소량의 물을 적가한 후 반응을 종결한다. 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane)을 이용하여 추출한다. 무수 소듐설페이트(Sodium sulfate anhydrous)를 이용하여 수분을 제거한 후 감압 증류하여 용매를 제거한다. 액체 크로마토그래피(silica gel, dichloromethane)하여 분리하면 보라색의 고체 화합물 (182mg, 95%)을 얻을 수 있다. TLC (dichloromethane) Rf=0.12 m.p.= 200℃ 1H-NMR (CDCl3, 400MHz) : δ(ppm) = -2.67(s, 2H), 0.98(m, 9H), 1.54(m, 6H), 1.78(m, 6H), 2.52(m, 6H), 4.95(m, 6H), 5.04(d, 2H), 7.61(d, 2H), 8.13(d, 2H), 8.76(d, 2H), 9.34(d, 2H), 9.48(q, 4H)Compound 42: Lithium aluminum hydride (34 mg, 0.916 mmol) was added to THF (20 ml) under a stream of nitrogen and stirred. After blocking the light, Compound 41 (200mg, 0.305mmol) was added and stirred for 30 minutes. A small amount of water is added dropwise to terminate the reaction. Extract using dichloromethane. Water is removed using anhydrous sodium sulfate anhydrous, and then the solvent is removed by distillation under reduced pressure. When separated by liquid chromatography (silica gel, dichloromethane) to give a purple solid compound (182mg, 95%). TLC (dichloromethane) R f = 0.12 mp = 200 ° C. 1 H-NMR (CDCl 3 , 400 MHz): δ (ppm) = -2.67 (s, 2H), 0.98 (m, 9H), 1.54 (m, 6H), 1.78 (m, 6H), 2.52 (m, 6H), 4.95 (m, 6H), 5.04 (d, 2H), 7.61 (d, 2H), 8.13 (d, 2H), 8.76 (d, 2H), 9.34 (d, 2H), 9.48 (q, 4H)
화합물 43: 질소 기류 하에 빛을 차단한 후 디클로로메탄(dichloromethane) (15ml)에 화합물 42 (500mg, 0.79mmol)을 녹인다. 온도를 0℃로 낮춘 후 피리디늄 클로로크로메이트(pyridinium chlorochromate;PCC, 344mg, 1.59mmol)를 첨가한 후 30분 동안 0℃에서 교반한 후 반응을 종료한다. 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane)을 이용하여 거른 후 걸러진 유기 용매를 감압하여 증류한다. 액체 컬럼크로마토그래피(silicagel, dichloromethane:hexane=1:1, Rf=0.76)로 분리하여 화합물 43 (230mg, 46%)을 얻는다. TLC (dichloromethane:hexane=1:1) Rf=0.76 m.p.= 148℃ 1H-NMR (CDCl3, 400MHz) : δ(ppm) = -2.67(s, 2H), 0.98(m, 9H), 1.54(m, 6H), 1.78(m, 6H), 2.52(m, 6H), 4.95(m, 6H), 8.24(d, 2H), 8.33(d, 2H), 8.70(d, 2H), 9.37(d, 2H), 9.50(q, 4H), 10.36(s, 1H)Compound 43: Dissolve compound 42 (500 mg, 0.79 mmol) in dichloromethane (15 ml) after blocking light under a stream of nitrogen. After the temperature was lowered to 0 ° C., pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC, 344 mg, 1.59 mmol) was added, and the reaction was terminated after stirring at 0 ° C. for 30 minutes. Dichloromethane is filtered and the filtered organic solvent is distilled off under reduced pressure. Compound 43 (230 mg, 46%) was obtained by separation by liquid column chromatography (silicagel, dichloromethane: hexane = 1: 1, R f = 0.76). TLC (dichloromethane: hexane = 1: 1) R f = 0.76 mp = 148 ° C. 1 H-NMR (CDCl 3 , 400 MHz): δ (ppm) = -2.67 (s, 2H), 0.98 (m, 9H), 1.54 (m, 6H), 1.78 (m, 6H), 2.52 (m, 6H), 4.95 (m, 6H), 8.24 (d, 2H), 8.33 (d, 2H), 8.70 (d, 2H), 9.37 ( d, 2H), 9.50 (q, 4H), 10.36 (s, 1H)
화합물 44: 질소기류 하에서 정제한 THF(3ml)에 소듐 하이드라이드(sodium hydride) (37mg, 1.54mmol), 메틸-트리페닐 포스포늄 브로마이드(methyl-triphenyl phosphonium bromide) (366mg, 1.024mmol)을 넣고 10분 동안 교반한다. 빛을 차단한 후 화합물 43 (160mg, 0.256mmol)을 첨가하고 30분간 교반한다. 소량의 물을 적가하고 반응을 종료한다. 감압 증류하여 용매를 제거한 후 디클로로메탄(dichloromethane)을 이용하여 거른다. 유기용매를 다시 감압하여 증류한 후 액체 크로마토그래피(silica gel, dichloromethane:hexane=1:3, Rf=0.18)로 분리하면 화합물 44 (132mg, 83%)을 획득할 수 있다. TLC (dichloromethane:hexane=1:3) Rf=0.18 m.p.= 99℃ 1H-NMR (CDCl3, 400MHz) : δ(ppm) = -2.63(s, 2H), 0.99(m, 9H), 1.57(m, 6H), 1.80(m, 6H), 2.55(m, 6H), 4.96(m, 6H), 5.50(d, 2H), 6.08(d, 2H), 7.07(q, 1H), 7.78(d, 2H), 8.12(d, 2H), 8.81(d, 2H), 9.37(d, 2H), 9.50(q, 4H)Compound 44: Sodium hydride (37 mg, 1.54 mmol), methyl-triphenyl phosphonium bromide (366 mg, 1.024 mmol) was added to THF (3 ml) purified under a nitrogen stream. Stir for minutes. After blocking the light, compound 43 (160mg, 0.256mmol) is added and stirred for 30 minutes. A small amount of water is added dropwise and the reaction is terminated. The solvent was removed by distillation under reduced pressure, and then filtered using dichloromethane. Compound 44 (132 mg, 83%) can be obtained by distilling the organic solvent under reduced pressure and then distilling by liquid chromatography (silica gel, dichloromethane: hexane = 1: 3, R f = 0.18). TLC (dichloromethane: hexane = 1: 3) R f = 0.18 mp = 99 ° C. 1 H-NMR (CDCl 3 , 400 MHz): δ (ppm) = -2.63 (s, 2H), 0.99 (m, 9H), 1.57 (m, 6H), 1.80 (m, 6H), 2.55 (m, 6H), 4.96 (m, 6H), 5.50 (d, 2H), 6.08 (d, 2H), 7.07 (q, 1H), 7.78 ( d, 2H), 8.12 (d, 2H), 8.81 (d, 2H), 9.37 (d, 2H), 9.50 (q, 4H)
화합물 45: 질소 기류 하에서 빛을 차단한 후 정제한 디메틸포름아미드(dimethylformamide) (3ml)에 합성예 1에서 제조한 화합물 11(120mg, 0.19mmol)과 화합물 44(40mg, 0.077mmol)를 첨가하고 교반한다. 팔라듐 아세테이트(Palladium(II) acetate) (8mg, 0.039mmol), 테트라뷰틸암모늄 브로마이드(tetrabutylammonium bromide) (TBAB, 62mg, 0.19mmol), 무수 포타슘카보네이트(potassium carbonate anhydrous) (K2CO3, 56mg, 0.462)를 첨가하고 95℃로 15시간 교반한다. 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane)을 이용하여 추출한다. 무수 소듐설페이트(Sodium sulfate anhydrous)를 이용하여 건조한 후 혼합용액을 감압 증류한다. 액체 크로마토그래피(silica gel, dichloromethane:hexane=1:1, Rf=0.26)로 분리하여 화합물 45(90mg, 77%)를 얻을 수 있다. TLC (dichloromethane:hexane=1:1) Rf=0.26 m.p.= >350℃ 1H-NMR (CDCl3, 400MHz) : δ(ppm) = -2.60(s, 4H), 1.01(m, 18H), 1.59(m, 12H), 1.80(m, 12H), 2.55(m, 12H), 4.95(m, 12H), 7.23(d, 2H), 7.30(d, 4H), 7.44(s, 4H), 7.68(d, 4H), 7.80(d, 2H), 7.89(d, 4H), 8.17(d, 4H), 8.87(d, 4H), 9.38(d, 4H), 9.50(q, 8H), 9.90(s, 1H)Compound 45: Compound 11 (120 mg, 0.19 mmol) and Compound 44 (40 mg, 0.077 mmol) prepared in Synthesis Example 1 were added to the purified dimethylformamide (3 ml) after blocking light under a nitrogen stream, followed by stirring. do. Palladium (II) acetate (8 mg, 0.039 mmol), tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB, 62 mg, 0.19 mmol), anhydrous potassium carbonate anhydrous (K 2 CO 3 , 56 mg, 0.462 ) Is added and stirred at 95 ° C. for 15 hours. Extract using dichloromethane. After drying with anhydrous sodium sulfate (Sodium sulfate anhydrous), the mixed solution is distilled under reduced pressure. Compound 45 (90 mg, 77%) was obtained by separation by liquid chromatography (silica gel, dichloromethane: hexane = 1: 1, R f = 0.26). TLC (dichloromethane: hexane = 1: 1) R f = 0.26 mp => 350 ° C. 1 H-NMR (CDCl 3 , 400 MHz): δ (ppm) = -2.60 (s, 4H), 1.01 (m, 18H), 1.59 (m, 12H), 1.80 (m, 12H), 2.55 (m, 12H), 4.95 (m, 12H), 7.23 (d, 2H), 7.30 (d, 4H), 7.44 (s, 4H), 7.68 (d, 4H), 7.80 (d, 2H), 7.89 (d, 4H), 8.17 (d, 4H), 8.87 (d, 4H), 9.38 (d, 4H), 9.50 (q, 8H), 9.90 ( s, 1 H)
화합물 46: 질소 기류 하에서 빛을 차단한 후 화합물 45(85mg, 0.056mmol)를 클로로포름(chloroform) (3.5ml)에 녹인 후 시아노아세트산(cyanoacetic acid) (47mg, 0.56mmol), 피페리딘(piperidine) (0.026ml, 0.28mmol)을 첨가한 후 3시간 동안 환류 한다. 클로로포름(Chloroform)으로 추출한 후 무수 소듐 설페이트(sodium sulfate anhydrous)를 이용하여 건조한다. 감압 증류하여 용매를 제거하고 액체 크로마토그래피(silica gel, dichloromethane:methanol=9:1, Rf=0.31)로 분리하면 화합물 46(73mg, 82%)을 얻을 수 있다. TLC (dichloromethane:methanol=9:1) Rf=0.31 m.p.= >350℃ 1H-NMR ((methyl sulfoxide)-d
6, 400MHz) : δ (ppm) = -2.60(s, 4H), 1.01(m, 18H), 1.59(m, 12H), 1.80(m, 12H), 2.55(m, 12H), 4.95(m, 12H), 7.17(d, 2H), 7.30(d, 4H), 7.44(s, 4H), 7.68(d, 4H), 7.80(d, 2H), 7.89(d, 4H), 8.17(d, 4H), 8.87(d, 4H), 9.38(d, 4H), 9.50(q, 8H), 9.70(s, 1H)Compound 46: Compound 45 (85mg, 0.056mmol) was dissolved in chloroform (3.5ml) after blocking the light under nitrogen stream, and then cyanoacetic acid (47mg, 0.56mmol), piperidine ) (0.026ml, 0.28mmol) and reflux for 3 hours. After extraction with chloroform (Chloroform) and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate (sodium sulfate anhydrous). Compound 46 (73mg, 82%) was obtained by distillation under reduced pressure to remove the solvent and separation by liquid chromatography (silica gel, dichloromethane: methanol = 9: 1, R f = 0.31). TLC (dichloromethane: methanol = 9: 1) R f = 0.31 mp => 350 ° C. 1 H-NMR ((methyl sulfoxide) -d 6 , 400 MHz): δ (ppm) = -2.60 (s, 4H), 1.01 ( m, 18H), 1.59 (m, 12H), 1.80 (m, 12H), 2.55 (m, 12H), 4.95 (m, 12H), 7.17 (d, 2H), 7.30 (d, 4H), 7.44 (s , 4H), 7.68 (d, 4H), 7.80 (d, 2H), 7.89 (d, 4H), 8.17 (d, 4H), 8.87 (d, 4H), 9.38 (d, 4H), 9.50 (q, 8H), 9.70 (s, 1H)
화합물 108: 질소 기류 하에서 빛을 차단한 후 화합물 17(70mg, 0.046mmol)을 디클로로메탄/메탄올(dichloromethane:methanol=5:1) (10ml)에 녹인 후 아세트산아연(zinc acetate) (84mg, 0.46mmol)을 넣고 1시간 동안 상온에서 교반한다. 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane)을 이용하여 거른 후 감압 증류하여 용매를 제거한다. 액체 크로마토그래피(silicagel, dichloromethane:methanol=9:1, Rf=0.31)로 분리하여 화합물 108(68mg, 87%)을 얻는다. TLC (dichloromethane:methanol=9:1) Rf=0.31 m.p.= >350℃ 1H-NMR ((methyl sulfoxide)-d
6, 400MHz) : δ(ppm) = -2.60(s, 4H), 1.01(m, 18H), 1.59(m, 12H), 1.80(m, 12H), 2.55(m, 12H), 4.95(m, 12H), 7.18(d, 2H), 7.30(d, 4H), 7.63(s, 4H), 7.82(d, 4H), 7.92(d, 2H), 8.05(d, 4H), 8.13(d, 4H), 8.77(d, 4H), 9.50(d, 4H), 9.60(q, 8H), 9.70(s, 1H)Compound 108: Compound 17 (70 mg, 0.046 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane / methanol (5: 1) (10 ml) after blocking the light under nitrogen stream, and then zinc acetate (84 mg, 0.46 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane / methanol (5: 1). ) And stir at room temperature for 1 hour. Filter using dichloromethane and distilled under reduced pressure to remove the solvent. Compound 108 (68 mg, 87%) was obtained by separation by liquid chromatography (silicagel, dichloromethane: methanol = 9: 1, R f = 0.31). TLC (dichloromethane: methanol = 9: 1) R f = 0.31 mp => 350 ° C. 1 H-NMR ((methyl sulfoxide) -d 6 , 400 MHz): δ (ppm) = -2.60 (s, 4H), 1.01 ( m, 18H), 1.59 (m, 12H), 1.80 (m, 12H), 2.55 (m, 12H), 4.95 (m, 12H), 7.18 (d, 2H), 7.30 (d, 4H), 7.63 (s , 4H), 7.82 (d, 4H), 7.92 (d, 2H), 8.05 (d, 4H), 8.13 (d, 4H), 8.77 (d, 4H), 9.50 (d, 4H), 9.60 (q, 8H), 9.70 (s, 1H)
상기 화합물 108에 대하여 2-메톡시에탄올을 용매로 1.56*10-5M 농도에서 자외선-가시광선 영역의 흡수를 측정한 결과를 도 9에 나타내었으며, 430 nm 에서 100,000 dm3mol-1cm-1 이상으로, 기존의 염료에 비해 현저히 높은 값을 가진다. As a result of measuring absorption of the ultraviolet-visible region in the concentration of 1.56 * 10 -5 M with 2-methoxyethanol as a solvent for the compound 108 is shown in FIG. 9, 100,000 dm 3 mol -1 cm - at 430 nm At least 1 , it has a significantly higher value than the conventional dyes.
합성예 9: 쿠마린 함유 루테늄 착물계 염료(화합물 109)의 합성Synthesis Example 9 Synthesis of Coumarin-Containing Ruthenium Complex Dye (Compound 109)
화합물 51: 진한 황산 (50ml)에 4,4-디메틸-2,2'-비피리딘(4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine) (화합물 50, 2.0g, 10.0mmol) 을 녹인 후, 온도가 40 ℃가 넘지 않도록 주의하면서 포타슘디크로메이트(potassium dichromate) (9.6g, 32.52mmol)를 첨가한다. 반응용액을 30분간 교반한 다음, 반응용액이 진한 녹색으로 변한 것을 확인한 후 반응을 종료한다. 얼음물 (800ml)에 반응용액을 가한 후, 생성된 고체를 거르고 건조한다. 엷은 노란색의 고체를 50% HNO3 수용액에 가하고 4시간 동안 환류한다. 얼음물 (800ml)에 반응용액을 붓고, 생성된 고체를 거른 다음, 건조시킨다. 이후 건조된 고체를 메탄올로 여러 번 씻어 주면, 백색 고체화합물 (2.4g, 93.7%)을 얻는다. .M.p. > 350 ℃ (dec.) ; 1H-NMR (400MHz, D2SO4) : δ = 3.50 (d, 2H), 3.32 (s, 2H), 3.14 (d, 2H). Compound 51: 4,4-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine (Compound 50, 2.0 g, 10.0 mmol) was dissolved in concentrated sulfuric acid (50 ml). , The temperature is 40 Potassium dichromate (9.6 g, 32.52 mmol) is added, taking care not to exceed < RTI ID = 0.0 > After the reaction solution was stirred for 30 minutes, the reaction solution turned dark green and the reaction was terminated. The reaction solution was added to ice water (800 ml), and the resulting solid was filtered and dried. Pale yellow solid to 50% HNO3It is added to the aqueous solution and refluxed for 4 hours. Pour the reaction solution into ice water (800 ml), filter the resulting solid, and dry. After washing the dried solid several times with methanol, a white solid compound (2.4g, 93.7%). .M.p. > 350 ° C. (dec.);OneH-NMR (400MHz, D2SO4): δ = 3.50 (d, 2H), 3.32 (s, 2H), 3.14 (d, 2H).
화합물 52: 무수에탄올(Absolute ethanol) (80ml)에 화합물 51 (1.0g, 4.09mmol)을 가하고 10분간 교반한 다음, 진한 황산 (1ml)를 반응용액에 가한 후, 80시간 동안 환류한다. 온도를 상온으로 낮추고 증류수 (80ml)를 가한 후, 1M 수산화나트륨(Sodium hydroxide) 수용액으로 용액을 중화한다. 생성된 고체를 거른 후, 건조하면 백색 고체화합물 (1.18g, 95.0%)을 얻는다. M.p. 161 ℃; 1H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 8.93 (s, 2H), 8.84 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 2H), 7.88 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 2H), 4.48 (q, 4H), 1.43 (t, 6H). Compound 52: Compound 51 in Absolute ethanol (80 ml) (1.0 g, 4.09 mmol) was added, the mixture was stirred for 10 minutes, and concentrated sulfuric acid (1 ml) was added to the reaction solution, followed by reflux for 80 hours. After the temperature was lowered to room temperature and distilled water (80 ml) was added, the solution was neutralized with 1M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. The resulting solid is filtered and dried to give a white solid compound (1.18g, 95.0%) is obtained. M.p. 161 ℃;OneH-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 8.93 (s, 2H), 8.84 (d,J = 8.8 Hz, 2H), 7.88 (d,J = 8.8 Hz, 2H), 4.48 (q, 4H), 1.43 (t, 6H).
화합물 53: 무수 에탄올(Absolute ethanol) (70ml)에 화합물 52 (1.1g, 3.66mmol), 소듐보로하이드라이드(sodium borohydride) (2.77g, 73.2mmol)를 가한 후, 반응용액을 3시간 동안 환류한다. 온도를 상온으로 낮추고, 암모늄클로라이드 용액(ammonium chloride solution) (3.8g, 75.0mmol)을 증류수 (75ml)에 녹인 용액을 반응용액에 가한다. 백색 고체생성물을 거른 다음, 감압하여 용매를 제거한다. 에틸아세테이트(Ethyl acetate)를 가하여 생성된 고체를 완전히 녹인 후, 유기층을 분리한 다음, MgSO4 로 건조한 후, 감압하여 용매를 제거하면 엷은 분홍색 고체화합물 (0.69g, 87.5%)을 얻는다. M.p. 152 ℃; 1H-NMR (400MHz, acetone, d6) : δ = 8.60 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 2H), 8.48 (s, 2H), 7.39 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 2H), 4.75 (s, 4H). Compound 53: Compound 52 in Absolute ethanol (70 ml) (1.1 g, 3.66 mmol) and sodium borohydride (2.77 g, 73.2 mmol) are added, and the reaction solution is refluxed for 3 hours. Lower the temperature to room temperature, and add a solution of ammonium chloride solution (3.8g, 75.0mmol) in distilled water (75ml) to the reaction solution. The white solid product is filtered off and then depressurized to remove the solvent. Ethyl acetate was added to completely dissolve the produced solids, and then the organic layer was separated and then MgSO4 After drying under reduced pressure, the solvent is removed to give a pale pink solid compound. (0.69 g, 87.5%). M.p. 152 ° C .;OneH-NMR (400MHz, acetone, d6): δ = 8.60 (d,J = 8.8 Hz, 2H), 8.48 (s, 2H), 7.39 (d,J = 8.8 Hz, 2H), 4.75 (s, 4H).
화합물 54: 화합물 53 (0.69g, 3.16mmol)를 48% HBr (15.5ml)과 진한 황산 (5.1ml)에 녹인 후 6시간 동안 환류한다. 반응용액을 식힌 후 증류수 (30ml)를 가한다. 이후 1M 수산화나트륨용액(Sodium hydroxide solution)을 이용하여 중화시킨 다음, 엷은 분홍색 고체생성물을 거른 후, 클로로포름(chloroform)에 녹인다. 유기층을 분리한 다음, MgSO4 로 건조한 후, 감압하여 용매를 제거하면 엷은 분홍색 고체화합물 (0.83g, 76.0%)을 얻는다. M.p. 172 ℃; 1H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 8.65 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 2H), 8.41 (s, 2H), 7.34 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 2H), 4.47 (s, 4H).Compound 54: Compound 53 (0.69 g, 3.16 mmol) is dissolved in 48% HBr (15.5 ml) and concentrated sulfuric acid (5.1 ml) and refluxed for 6 hours. After cooling the reaction solution, distilled water (30 ml) is added. After neutralizing with 1M sodium hydroxide solution, the pale pink solid product was filtered and dissolved in chloroform. The organic layer was separated and then MgSO4 After drying under reduced pressure, the solvent is removed to give a pale pink solid compound. (0.83 g, 76.0%) is obtained. M.p. 172 ° C .;OneH-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 8.65 (d,J = 8.8 Hz, 2H), 8.41 (s, 2H), 7.34 (d,J = 8.8 Hz, 2H), 4.47 (s, 4H).
화합물 55: 화합물 54 (0.83g, 2.42mmol)을 클로로포름(Chloroform) (6ml)에 완전히 녹인 다음, 트리에틸포스페이트(triethyl phosphate) (9ml)를 반응용액에 가하고 3시간 동안 환류한다. 용액을 식힌 후, 감압하여 용매를 제거한다. 에틸 아세테이트/메탄올(Ethyl acetate/methanol = 10 : 1)을 전개용매로 하여 액체 크로마토그래피하면 백색 고체화합물 (1.08g, 98.0%)을 얻는다. M.p. 109 ℃; 1H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 8.57 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 2H), 8.30 (s, 2H), 7.31 (m, 2H), 4.03 (m, 8H), 3.22 (d, 4H), 1.26 (t, 12H). Compound 55: Compound 54 (0.83 g, 2.42 mmol) is completely dissolved in chloroform (6 ml), and then triethyl phosphate (9 ml) is added to the reaction solution and refluxed for 3 hours. After the solution has cooled down, the solvent is removed under reduced pressure. Chromatography of a white solid compound using ethyl acetate / methanol (10: 1) as a developing solvent (1.08g, 98.0%) is obtained. M.p. 109 ° C .;OneH-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 8.57 (d,J = 8.8 Hz, 2H), 8.30 (s, 2H), 7.31 (m, 2H), 4.03 (m, 8H), 3.22 (d, 4H), 1.26 (t, 12H).
화합물 56: THF (10ml) 에 화합물 55 (0.40g, 0.88mmol), 95% NaH (64mg, 2.62mmol)을 넣고 30분간 교반한 후, 합성예 1에서 제조한 화합물 14 (0.46g, 2.10mmol)을 넣고, 16시간 동안 교반한다. 반응용액에 물 (50ml)을 가한 다음, 클로로포름으로 추출하여, 유기층을 분리한 다음, MgSO4로 건조한다. 감압하여 용매를 제거하고, 메탄올로 생성된 고체를 씻어주면 오렌지색 고체화합물 (0.25g, 48.1%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3) : δ = 8.93 (s, 2H), 8.66 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 2H), 7.87 (s, 2H), 7.67 (d, J = 8.4Hz, 4H), 7.50 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 2H), 7.35 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 2H), 6.02 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 2H), 6.50 (s, 2H), 3.38 (q, 8H), 1.20 (t, 12H).Compound 56: Compound 55 (0.40 g, 0.88 mmol) and 95% NaH (64 mg, 2.62 mmol) were added to THF (10 ml), followed by stirring for 30 minutes, followed by compound 14 (0.46 g, 2.10 mmol) prepared in Synthesis Example 1. Add and stir for 16 hours. Water (50 ml) was added to the reaction solution, followed by extraction with chloroform. The organic layer was separated and then MgSO.4To dry. Solvent is removed under reduced pressure, and the solid formed by methanol is washed (0.25 g, 48.1%).OneH-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 8.93 (s, 2H), 8.66 (d,J = 8.8 Hz, 2H), 7.87 (s, 2H), 7.67 (d,J = 8.4 Hz, 4H), 7.50 (d,J = 8.8 Hz, 2H), 7.35 (d,J = 8.8 Hz, 2H), 6.02 (d,J = 8.8 Hz, 2H), 6.50 (s, 2H), 3.38 (q, 8H), 1.20 (t, 12H).
화합물 109: 무수 DMF (5ml) 에 디-u-클로로비스(p-시민)클로로루테늄(di-u-chlorobis(p-cymene)chlororuthenium(Ⅱ)) (91mg, 0.149mmol), 화합물 56 (176mg, 0.298mmol)을 넣고, 빛 차단 후 150 ℃에서 4시간 동안 교반한다. 반응용액에 화합물 14 (73mg, 0.298mmol)을 넣고 4시간 동안 교반한 후, NH4NCS (170mg, 2.235mmol)을 넣고 4시간 동안 교반한다. 반응용액을 실온으로 식힌 후, 감압하여 용매를 제거하고, pH ~3의 질산수용액으로 생성물을 산성화 시킨 후, 생성된 고체를 거른다. 과량의 물과 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane)으로 생성된 고체를 여러 번 씻어 준 다음, 테트라뷰틸암모늄 하이드록사이드(tetrabutylammonium hydroxide) (1M in methanol, 0.1ml) 및 소량의 메탄올을 가해 생성된 고체를 완전히 녹인다. 메탄올을 전개용매로 하여 액체 크로마토그래피(Sephadex LH 20 gel)하여 첫번째 띠를 분리하는 과정을 2~3회 반복한 후, 감압하여 용매를 제거하고 pH ~3의 질산수용액, 증류수로 생성된 고체를 씻어주면 검정색 고체화합물 (0.20g, 61.0%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, DMSO, d6): δ = 9.38 (s, 1H), 9.06~8.60 (m, 6H), 8.25~7.10 (m, 13H), 6.75~6.50 (m, 4H), 3.38 (q, 8H), 1.20 (t, 12H).Compound 109: di-u-chlorobis (p-cymene) chlororuthenium (II) in anhydrous DMF (5 ml) (91 mg, 0.149 mmol), Compound 56 (176 mg, 0.298 mmol), and after light blocking, the mixture is stirred at 150 ° C. for 4 hours. Compound 14 (73mg, 0.298mmol) was added to the reaction solution and stirred for 4 hours. NH 4 NCS (170mg, 2.235mmol) was added thereto and stirred for 4 hours. After cooling the reaction solution to room temperature, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure, the product was acidified with a nitric acid solution of pH ˜3, and the resulting solid was filtered. Rinse the solid produced with excess water and dichloromethane several times, then add tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (1M in methanol, 0.1ml) and a small amount of methanol to completely dissolve the solid. . Repeat the procedure of separating the first strip two to three times by liquid chromatography (Sephadex LH 20 gel) using methanol as a developing solvent, and then remove the solvent by depressurizing the solution. After washing, a black solid compound (0.20g, 61.0%) is obtained. 1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO, d 6 ): δ = 9.38 (s, 1H), 9.06-8.60 (m, 6H), 8.25-7.10 (m, 13H), 6.75-6.50 (m, 4H), 3.38 (q, 8 H), 1.20 (t, 12 H).
화합물 109의 자외선-가시광선 영역의 흡광도를 확인하기 위하여 DMF 를 용매로, 2.5x10-5M 의 농도로 측정한 결과를 도 10에 나타내었다. 화합물 109는 약 740 nm (band edge)까지 흡수를 가지며, 465 nm 에서 쿠마린 구조체의 흡수파장 및 557 nm 에서 MLCT (Metal to ligand charge transfer) 밴드(band)를 보였으며, 몰흡광계수(ε, M-1cm-1) 는 각각 54,000 (465 nm), 23,000 (557 nm) 으로 계산된다. 하기 표 1에 나타낸 바와 같이 기존의 루테늄 착염계 염료 N719 와 비교하면, N719 에 비해 월등히 높은 흡광도를 가지는 동시에 MLCT 밴드가 약 43 nm 정도 장파장으로 이동하였다. 이러한 높은 흡광도는 태양전지에 적용 시 보다 효율적으로 빛을 흡수하게 하며, 따라서 태양전지의 광전변환 효율을 더욱 향상시킬 수 있다. In order to confirm the absorbance of the ultraviolet-visible region of the compound 109, the result of measuring DMF as a solvent and a concentration of 2.5 × 10 −5 M is shown in FIG. 10. Compound 109 has an absorption up to about 740 nm (band edge), shows an absorption wavelength of coumarin structure at 465 nm and a metal to ligand charge transfer (MLCT) band at 557 nm, and a molar extinction coefficient (ε, M -1 cm -1 ) are calculated as 54,000 (465 nm) and 23,000 (557 nm), respectively. As shown in Table 1, compared with the conventional ruthenium complex dye N719, the MLCT band was moved to a long wavelength of about 43 nm while having a much higher absorbance than N719. Such high absorbance allows light to be absorbed more efficiently when applied to solar cells, thus further improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.
[표 1]TABLE 1
합성예 10: 페노티아진 함유 루테늄 착물계 염료(화합물 110)의 합성Synthesis Example 10 Synthesis of Phenothiazine-containing Ruthenium Complex Dye (Compound 110)
화합물 57: THF (5ml)에 합성예 9에서 제조한 화합물 55 (0.20g, 0.44mmol), 95% NaH (32mg, 1.31mmol)을 넣고 1시간 동안 교반한 후, 합성예 7에서 제조한 화합물 38 (0.33g, 1.05mmol)를 넣고, 16시간 동안 교반한다. 반응용액에 물 (50ml) 을 가한 다음, 클로로포름으로 추출하여, 유기층을 분리한 다음, MgSO4 로 건조한다. 감압하여 용매를 제거하고, 메탄올로 생성된 고체를 씻어주면 주황색 고체화합물 (0.24g, 70.6%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3) : δ = 8.64 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 2H), 8.49 (s, 2H), 7.33 (m, 8H), 7.14 (m, 4H), 6.99~6.83 (m, 8H), 3.85 (t, 4H), 1.82 (m, 4H), 1.44 (m, 4H), 1.32 (m, 8H), 0.88 (t, 6H).Compound 57: Compound 55 (0.20 g, 0.44 mmol) and 95% NaH (32 mg, 1.31 mmol) prepared in Synthesis Example 9 were added to THF (5 ml), and stirred for 1 hour, followed by compound 38 prepared in Synthesis Example 7. (0.33 g, 1.05 mmol) was added and stirred for 16 hours. Water (50 ml) was added to the reaction solution, followed by extraction with chloroform. The organic layer was separated and then MgSO.4 To dry. Remove the solvent by depressurizing and wash the solid produced with methanol. (0.24 g, 70.6%).OneH-NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ = 8.64 (d,J = 8.8 Hz, 2H), 8.49 (s, 2H), 7.33 (m, 8H), 7.14 (m, 4H), 6.99-6.63 (m, 8H), 3.85 (t, 4H), 1.82 (m, 4H) , 1.44 (m, 4H), 1.32 (m, 8H), 0.88 (t, 6H).
화합물 110: 무수 DMF (3ml) 에 디-u-클로로비스(p-시민)클로로루테늄(di-u-chlorobis(p-cymene)chlororuthenium(Ⅱ)) (60mg, 0.099mmol), 화합물 57 (152mg, 0.197mmol)을 넣고, 빛 차단 후 150 ℃에서 4시간 동안 교반한다. 반응용액에 화합물 14 (49mg, 0.197mmol)을 넣고 4시간 동안 교반한 후, NH4NCS (112mg, 1.478mmol)을 넣고 4시간 동안 교반한다. 반응용액을 실온으로 식힌 후, 감압하여 용매를 제거하고, pH ~3의 질산수용액으로 생성물을 산성화 시킨 후, 생성된 고체를 거른다. 과량의 물과 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane)으로 생성된 고체를 여러 번 씻어 준 다음, 테트라뷰틸암모늄 하이드록사이드(tetrabutylammonium hydroxide) (1M in methanol, 0.1ml) 및 소량의 메탄올을 가해 생성된 고체를 완전히 녹인다. 메탄올을 전개용매로 하여 액체 크로마토그래피(Sephadex LH 20 gel)하여 첫번째 띠를 분리하는 과정을 2~3회 반복한 후, 감압하여 용매를 제거하고 pH ~3의 질산수용액, 증류수로 생성된 고체를 씻어주면 검붉은색 고체화합물 (0.20g, 82.3%)을 얻는다. 1H-NMR (400MHz, DMSO, d6) : δ = 9.34 (s, 1H), 9.06~8.60 (m, 5H), 8.50 (br, s, 1H), 8.12 (br, s, 1H), 8.06 (br, s, 1H), 7.87~7.40 (m, 10H), 7.30~6.90 (m, 10H), 3.88 (m, 4H), 3.16 (m, 4H), 1.56 (m, 4H), 1.30 (m, 8H), 0.93 (t, 6H).Compound 110: di-u-chlorobis (p-cymene) chlororuthenium (II) in anhydrous DMF (3 ml) (60 mg, 0.099 mmol), Compound 57 (152 mg, 0.197 mmol), and the light is stirred and then stirred at 150 ° C. for 4 hours. Compound 14 (49mg, 0.197mmol) was added to the reaction solution and stirred for 4 hours. NH 4 NCS (112mg, 1.478mmol) was added thereto and stirred for 4 hours. After cooling the reaction solution to room temperature, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure, the product was acidified with a nitric acid solution of pH ˜3, and the resulting solid was filtered. Rinse the solid produced with excess water and dichloromethane several times, then add tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (1M in methanol, 0.1ml) and a small amount of methanol to completely dissolve the solid. . Repeat the procedure of separating the first strip two to three times by liquid chromatography (Sephadex LH 20 gel) using methanol as a developing solvent, and then remove the solvent by depressurizing the solution. After washing, a dark red solid compound (0.20g, 82.3%) is obtained. 1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO, d 6 ): δ = 9.34 (s, 1H), 9.06-8.60 (m, 5H), 8.50 (br, s, 1H), 8.12 (br, s, 1H), 8.06 (br, s, 1H), 7.87 ~ 7.40 (m, 10H), 7.30 ~ 6.90 (m, 10H), 3.88 (m, 4H), 3.16 (m, 4H), 1.56 (m, 4H), 1.30 (m , 8H), 0.93 (t, 6H).
화합물 110의 자외선-가시광선 영역의 흡광도를 확인하기 위하여 DMF 를 용매로, 1.25x10-5M 의 농도로 측정하고 결과를 도 11에 나타내었다. 도 10을 참조하면, In order to confirm the absorbance of the ultraviolet-visible region of the compound 110, DMF was measured with a solvent at a concentration of 1.25 × 10 −5 M and the results are shown in FIG. 11. Referring to FIG. 10,
화합물 110은 약 740 nm (band edge)까지 흡수를 가지며, 307 nm 에서 최대흡수파장을, 434 nm 에서 페노티아진 구조체의 흡수파장 및 545 nm 에서 MLCT (Metal to ligand charge transfer) band 를 보였으며, 몰흡광계수 (ε, M-1cm-1) 는 각각 100,000 (307 nm), 59,000 (434 nm), 28,000 (545 nm) 으로 계산된다. 하기 표 2에 나타낸 바와 같이 기존의 루테늄 착염계 염료 N719 와 비교하면, N719 에 비해 월등히 높은 흡광도를 가지는 동시에 MLCT 밴드(band)가 약 30 nm 정도 장파장으로 이동하였다. 이러한 높은 흡광도는 태양전지에 적용 시 보다 효율적으로 빛을 흡수하게 하며, 따라서 태양전지의 광전변환 효율을 더욱 향상시킬 수 있다. Compound 110 had absorption up to about 740 nm (band edge), showed maximum absorption wavelength at 307 nm, absorption wavelength of phenothiazine structure at 434 nm, and metal to ligand charge transfer (MLCT) band at 545 nm. The molar extinction coefficients (ε, M -1 cm -1 ) are calculated as 100,000 (307 nm), 59,000 (434 nm) and 28,000 (545 nm), respectively. As shown in Table 2 below, compared with the conventional ruthenium complex dye dye N719, the MLCT band was moved to a long wavelength at about 30 nm while having a much higher absorbance than N719. Such high absorbance allows light to be absorbed more efficiently when applied to solar cells, thus further improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.
[표 2]TABLE 2
상기 합성예 1 내지 10의 염료 감응 태양전지용 염료들은 기존의 염료 (N719) 에 비해 5배 이상의 높은 흡광도를 가지며, 따라서 이를 염료 감응 태양전지에 적용 시 광전변환 효율을 향상 시킬 수 있다.The dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells of Synthesis Examples 1 to 10 have a high absorbance of 5 times or more than conventional dyes (N719), and thus can be improved in photoelectric conversion efficiency when applied to dye-sensitized solar cells.
실시예 1: 염료 감응 태양전지의 제조 Example 1 Fabrication of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell
태양전지 소자의 제조 및 특성확인 방법Manufacturing and Characterization Method of Solar Cell Devices
(1) 작업 전극 제작 (1) working electrode fabrication
FTO 글라스(Fluorine-doped tin oxide coated conduction glass, Pilkington, TEC7)를 1.5 cm X 1.5 cm 크기로 잘라 비눗물로 초음파(sonication) 세척을 5분간 한 후 비눗물을 완전히 제거를 한다. 그 후에 에탄올로 초음파(sonication) 세척을 5분간 3회 반복한다. 그 후에는 무수에탄올(Anhydrous ethanol)로 완전히 헹군 후에 오븐에서 건조시킨다. 이렇게 준비한 FTO 글라스 위에 TiO2와의 접촉력을 향상시키기 위하여 0.2M 티타늄(Ⅳ) 부톡사이드(Titanium (Ⅳ) butoxide) 용액을 스핀 코팅 방법으로 입히고, 오븐에서 용매를 완전히 건조시킨다. Cut the FTO glass (Pluorine-doped tin oxide coated conduction glass, Pilkington, TEC7) into 1.5 cm x 1.5 cm and wash it with soapy water for 5 minutes and then completely remove the soapy water. Thereafter, the ultrasonic washing with ethanol is repeated three times for 5 minutes. After that, rinse thoroughly with anhydrous ethanol and dry in an oven. In order to improve the contact force with TiO 2 on the thus prepared FTO glass, a 0.2 M titanium (IV) butoxide solution was coated by spin coating, and the solvent was completely dried in an oven.
그 후에 다이졸 티타니아(Dyesol titania, TiO2)를 FTO 글라스 위에 닥터 블레이드 법으로 코팅한다. 코팅된 필름을 100 ℃ 오븐에서 10분 동안 말린 다음, 450 ℃로 30분간 열처리함으로써 10 마이크로미터 두께의 TiO2 필름을 얻는다. 열처리 과정이 끝난 TiO2 필름을 0.5mM 농도의 합성한 염료의 무수에탄올(anhydrous ethanol) 용액에 24시간 담궈 놓음으로써 염료를 흡착시킬 수 있다(anhydrous ethanol에 염료가 녹지 않을 경우에는 녹일 수 있는 solvent를 사용). 흡착이 끝난 후에 무수에탄올(anhydrous ethanol)로 흡착되지 않은 염료를 완전히 세척한 후 건조시킨다. 염료가 흡착된 필름을 4 mm X 4 mm 크기만 남기고 나머지는 긁어낸다.After that, Dysol titania (TiO 2 ) is coated on the FTO glass by the doctor blade method. The coated film is dried in an oven at 100 ° C. for 10 minutes and then heat treated at 450 ° C. for 30 minutes to obtain a 10 micrometer thick TiO 2 film. After the heat treatment process, the TiO 2 film is immersed in an anhydrous ethanol solution of the synthesized dye at a concentration of 0.5 mM for 24 hours to adsorb the dye (when the dye is not dissolved in anhydrous ethanol, a solvent that can be dissolved is dissolved. use). After the adsorption is complete, the dye that has not been adsorbed with anhydrous ethanol is thoroughly washed and dried. The dye-adsorbed film is scraped off, leaving only the size of 4 mm x 4 mm.
(2) 상대 전극 제작 (2) counter electrode fabrication
1.5 cm X 1.5 cm 크기의 FTO 글라스에 다이아몬드 드릴(Bosch, Dremel multipro395)을 이용해서 전해질을 들어갈 구멍 두 개를 뚫는다. 그 후에는 위에서 제시했던 세척 방법과 동일한 방법으로 세척한 후 건조시킨다. 그 후, H2PtCl6(hydrogen hexachloroplatinate/2-propanol) 용액을 FTO 글라스에 입힌 후 450 ℃에서 30분간 열처리 한다. Drill two holes into the electrolyte using a diamond drill (Bosch, Dremel multipro395) in a 1.5 cm x 1.5 cm FTO glass. Thereafter, it is washed and dried in the same manner as the washing method described above. Thereafter, H 2 PtCl 6 (hydrogen hexachloroplatinate / 2-propanol) solution is coated on FTO glass and heat-treated at 450 ° C. for 30 minutes.
(3) 샌드위치 셀(Sandwich cell) 제작 (3) Sandwich cell manufacturing
작업전극과 상대전극 사이에 사각형 띠 모양으로 자른 설린(Surlyn, Solaronix, SX1170-25 Hot Melt)을 놓고 핫 프레스기를 이용하여 두 전극을 서로 붙인 후에 상대전극에 있는 2개의 작은 구멍을 통해 전해질을 주입한 후 설린 스트립(Surlyn strip)과 커버 글라스(cover glass)로 실링(sealing)하여 샌드위치 셀(sandwich cell)을 제작한다. 전해질 용액으로는 0.1 M LiI, 0.05 M I2, 0.6 M 1-헥실-2,3-디메틸이미다졸륨 아이오다이드(1-hexyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium iodide)와 0.5 M 4-t-뷰틸피리딘(4-tert-butylpyridine)을3-메톡시프로피온니트릴(3-methoxypropionitrile) 용매로 하여 제조하였다.Placing rectangular strips (Surlyn, Solaronix, SX1170-25 Hot Melt) between the working electrode and the counter electrode, attaching the two electrodes to each other using a hot press, and injecting electrolyte through the two small holes in the counter electrode After the sealing (Surlyn strip) and cover glass (sealing) to produce a sandwich cell (sandwich cell). The electrolyte solution was 0.1 M LiI, 0.05 MI 2 , 0.6 M 1-hexyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium iodide and 0.5 M 4-t-butylpyridine. (4- tert- butylpyridine) was prepared using 3-methoxypropionitrile solvent.
(4) 광전류-전압(Photocurrent-voltage) 측정 (4) Photocurrent-voltage measurement
앞에서 제작한 샌드위치 셀(sandwich cell)에 AM 1.5 솔라 시뮬레이팅 필터(solar simulating filter)를 장착한 Xe 램프(Oriel, 300 W Xe arc lamp)로 빛을 조사하면 M236 소스 측정 유닛(source measure unit) (SMU, Keithley)을 사용하여 전류-전압 곡선을 얻었다. 전위의 범위는 -0.8 V에서 0.2 V까지 이고, 빛의 세기는 100 mW/cm2으로 하였다. When the light is irradiated with Xe lamp (Oriel, 300 W Xe arc lamp) equipped with AM 1.5 solar simulating filter in the sandwich cell, the M236 source measure unit ( SMU, Keithley) was used to obtain the current-voltage curve. The electric potential ranged from -0.8 V to 0.2 V, and the light intensity was 100 mW / cm 2 .
염료의 종류에 따른 태양전지 소자의 특성확인Characterization of solar cell device according to dye type
상기 합성예 1 내지 10에서 제조한 염료의 종류에 따라 위에서 기재한 방법으로 태양전지 소자를 제작하여 그 특성을 확인하였으며, 사용 염료 및 제조된 태양전지 소자로부터 측정된 개방전압(Voc), 단락전류 (Jsc), fill factor (FF), 광전변환효율(%)을 하기 표 3에 나타냈으며, 하기 실시예에 의한 효율은 소자구조, 티타늄 옥사이드의 크기, 공흡착제(co-adsorbant)의 농도 및 종류, 전해질의 농도 및 종류 등에 따라 변화하며 따라서 아래의 예시값에 한정되는 것은 아님을 밝힌다.According to the types of the dyes prepared in Synthesis Examples 1 to 10, the solar cell device was manufactured by the method described above, and its characteristics were checked. Opening voltages (V oc ) and short circuits measured from the used dye and the manufactured solar cell device were measured. The current (J sc ), fill factor (FF), and photoelectric conversion efficiency (%) are shown in Table 3 below. The efficiency according to the following examples is based on device structure, size of titanium oxide, and concentration of co-adsorbant. And type, concentration and type of electrolyte, and the like, and are therefore not limited to the following values.
[표 3]TABLE 3
본 발명에 따른 염료는 높은 광 흡수도를 나타내며, 상기 염료를 포함하는 염료 감응 태양 전지는 우수한 광전 변환효율을 가진다.The dye according to the present invention exhibits high light absorption, and the dye-sensitized solar cell including the dye has excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency.
Claims (8)
- 하기 화학식 1의 화합물 또는 하기 화학식 2의 화합물로부터 선택되는 염료 감응 태양전지용 염료.Dye for a dye-sensitized solar cell selected from a compound of formula (1) or a compound of formula (2).[화학식 1][Formula 1]
[화학식 2][Formula 2]
[상기 화학식 1 내지 화학식 2에서,[In Formula 1 to Formula 2,X1 및 X2는 독립적으로 (C6~C60)아릴기, (C3~C60)헤테로아릴기, 또는 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 치환기이며, 이때 X1 및 X2 중 적어도 하나는 포피리닐기, 페노티아지닐기, 쿠마리닐기 또는 프탈로시아닐기를 포함하고;X 1 and X 2 are independently a substituent consisting of a (C6-C60) aryl group, a (C3-C60) heteroaryl group, or a combination thereof, wherein at least one of X 1 and X 2 is a popinyl group, phenothia A vinyl group, a coumarinyl group, or a phthalocyanyl group;Y1 및 Y2는 독립적으로 (C6~C60)방향족 탄화수소기, (C3~C60)방향족 헤테로고리기, 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 치환기, 또는로부터 선택되고, 상기 Y3 및 Y4는 독립적으로 (C6~C60)아릴기, (C3~C60)헤테로아릴기 또는 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 치환기로부터 선택되며, 상기 Y1 내지 Y4 중 적어도 하나는 포피리닐기, 페노티아지닐기, 쿠마리닐기 또는 프탈로시아닐기를 포함하고;Y 1 and Y 2 are independently a substituent consisting of a (C 6 -C 60) aromatic hydrocarbon group, a (C 3 -C 60) aromatic heterocyclic group, a combination thereof, or
Y 3 and Y 4 are independently selected from a substituent consisting of a (C 6 -C 60) aryl group, a (C 3 -C 60) heteroaryl group, or a combination thereof, at least one of Y 1 to Y 4 is selected from A popinyl group, a phenothiazinyl group, a coumarinyl group, or a phthalocyanyl group;Z1 및 Z2는 독립적으로 화학결합이거나, (C6~C30)아릴렌, 1이상의 (C3~C30)헤테로아릴렌, 1이상의 비닐렌, 또는 이들의 조합으로부터 선택되고;Z 1 and Z 2 are independently a chemical bond or are selected from (C 6 -C 30) arylene, at least one (C 3 -C 30) heteroarylene, at least one vinylene, or a combination thereof;A1 및 A2는 산성작용기이며;A 1 and A 2 are acidic functional groups;상기 아릴, 헤테로아릴, 아릴렌, 헤테로아릴 또는 비닐렌기는 (C1~20)알킬, (C1~20)알콕시, 할로겐원소, 아미노기, 니트로기 및 시아노기(CN)로부터 선택되는 1 이상의 치환기로 더 치환될 수 있다.]The aryl, heteroaryl, arylene, heteroaryl or vinylene group is further substituted with one or more substituents selected from (C1-20) alkyl, (C1-20) alkoxy, halogen, amino, nitro and cyano groups (CN). May be substituted.] - 제 1항에 있어서, The method of claim 1,상기 A1 및 A2는 카르복시기, 아인산기, 술폰산기, 포스핀산기, 히드록시기, 옥시카르복시산, 산아미드 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 염료 감응 태양 전지용 염료. A 1 and A 2 are dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells selected from the group consisting of carboxyl groups, phosphorous acid groups, sulfonic acid groups, phosphinic acid groups, hydroxy groups, oxycarboxylic acids, acid amides, and combinations thereof.
- 제 1항에 있어서, The method of claim 1,Z1 및 Z2는 독립적으로 화학결합이거나, 비닐렌, 폴리비닐렌, 페닐렌, 나프틸렌, 안트라세닐렌, 플루오레닐렌, 비페닐렌, 피란일렌, 피롤렌, 티오펜일렌, 카바졸일렌기 또는 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 염료 감응 태양 전지용 염료.Z 1 and Z 2 are independently a chemical bond, or a vinylene, polyvinylene, phenylene, naphthylene, anthracenylene, fluorenylene, biphenylene, pyranylene, pyrrolene, thiophenylene, carbazoylene group Or a dye-sensitized solar cell dye selected from the group consisting of these.
- 제 1 항 내지 제 3 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,상기 화학식 1의 화합물은 하기 화학식 3의 화합물로부터 선택되고, 상기 화학식 2의 화합물은 하기 화학식 4 또는 화학식 5의 화합물로부터 선택되는 염료 감응 태양전지용 염료.The compound of Formula 1 is selected from the compound of Formula 3, wherein the compound of Formula 2 is selected from the compound of Formula 4 or Formula 5 dye for solar cells.[화학식 3][Formula 3]
[화학식 4][Formula 4]
[화학식 5][Formula 5]
[상기 화학식 3 내지 화학식 5에서 X11 및 Y11 내지 Y13은 독립적으로 하기 구조로부터 선택되고[X 11 and Y 11 to Y 13 in Chemical Formulas 3 to 5 may be independently selected from the following structures:
X12는 하기 구조로부터 선택되며X 12 is selected from the structure
Z11 및 Z12는 독립적으로로부터 선택되고,Z 11 and Z 12 are independently
Is selected from,Z21 내지 Z24는 독립적으로로부터 선택되며,Z 21 to Z 24 are independently
Is selected from,m은 0 내지 2의 정수이고, n은 0 내지 4의 정수이고,m is an integer from 0 to 2, n is an integer from 0 to 4,j은 0 내지 2의 정수이고, k는 0 내지 4의 정수이며,j is an integer from 0 to 2, k is an integer from 0 to 4,p은 0 내지 2의 정수이고, q는 0 내지 4의 정수이다.p is an integer of 0-2, q is an integer of 0-4.R11 내지 R22 및 R30 내지 R31은 독립적으로 수소이거나, (C1~C20)알킬, (C1~C20)알콕시, 할로겐원소, 아미노기, 니트로기 또는 시아노기(CN)로부터 선택된다.]R 11 to R 22 and R 30 to R 31 are independently hydrogen or selected from (C 1 -C 20) alkyl, (C 1 -C 20) alkoxy, halogen element, amino group, nitro group or cyano group (CN).] - 제 4 항에 있어서, The method of claim 4, wherein상기 화학식 3의 화합물은 하기 구조의 화합물로부터 선택되는 염료 감응 태양전지용 염료.The compound of Formula 3 is a dye for a solar cell dye selected from the following structure.
[상기 구조에서 R11 내지 R22 및 R30은 독립적으로 수소 또는 (C1~C20)알킬로부터 선택되고, n은 0 내지 4의 정수이다][In this structure, R 11 to R 22 and R 30 are independently selected from hydrogen or (C 1 -C 20) alkyl, n is an integer from 0 to 4] - 제 4 항에 있어서, The method of claim 4, wherein상기 화학식 4의 화합물은 하기 구조의 화합물로부터 선택되는 염료 감응 태양전지용 염료.The compound of formula 4 is a dye for a solar cell dye-sensitized.
[상기 구조에서 R12 내지 R22 및 R31은 독립적으로 수소 또는 (C1~C20)알킬로부터 선택되고, a는 0 또는 1이고, b는 0 내지 2의 정수이다.][In this structure, R 12 to R 22 and R 31 are independently selected from hydrogen or (C 1 -C 20) alkyl, a is 0 or 1 and b is an integer of 0 to 2. - 제 4 항에 있어서, The method of claim 4, wherein상기 화학식 5의 화합물은 하기 구조의 화합물로부터 선택되는 염료 감응 태양전지용 염료.The compound of Formula 5 is a dye for a solar cell dye selected from the following structure.
[상기 구조에서 R12 내지 R22, R31내지 R32및 R40은 독립적으로 수소 또는 (C1~C20)알킬로부터 선택되고, a 는 0 또는 1이고, b는 0 내지 2의 정수이며, c 는 0 또는 1이고, d는 0 내지 2의 정수이다.][R in the above structure12 To R22, R31To R32And R40Is independently selected from hydrogen or (C1-C20) alkyl, a is 0 or 1, b is an integer from 0 to 2, c is 0 or 1 and d is an integer from 0 to 2.] - 제 1 항 내지 제 7 항 중 어느 한 항의 염료를 광흡수층에 포함하는 태양전지 소자.A solar cell device comprising the dye of any one of claims 1 to 7 in a light absorption layer.
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| KR10-2008-0012929 | 2008-02-13 | ||
| KR1020080012929A KR20080019669A (en) | 2008-02-13 | 2008-02-13 | Phenothiazine-containing dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells |
| KR1020080035194A KR20080039863A (en) | 2008-04-16 | 2008-04-16 | Porphyrin-containing dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells |
| KR10-2008-0035194 | 2008-04-16 | ||
| KR10-2009-0008472 | 2009-02-03 | ||
| KR1020090008472A KR101082086B1 (en) | 2008-02-05 | 2009-02-03 | Dyes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells and Solar Cells comprising the same |
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| US20110155237A1 (en) * | 2009-12-24 | 2011-06-30 | Noh-Jin Myung | Dye-sensitized solar cell |
| CN111100099A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-05-05 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Triphenylamine co-sensitizer with phenyl as tail end bridge chain and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20110155237A1 (en) * | 2009-12-24 | 2011-06-30 | Noh-Jin Myung | Dye-sensitized solar cell |
| CN102093740A (en) * | 2011-01-21 | 2011-06-15 | 电子科技大学 | Organic dye for dye sensitized solar cell and preparation method of organic dye |
| CN102093740B (en) * | 2011-01-21 | 2013-06-12 | 电子科技大学 | Organic dye for dye sensitized solar cell and preparation method of organic dye |
| CN111100099A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-05-05 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Triphenylamine co-sensitizer with phenyl as tail end bridge chain and preparation method thereof |
| CN111100099B (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2023-04-18 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Triphenylamine co-sensitizer with phenyl as tail-end bridge chain and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| WO2009099302A3 (en) | 2009-10-29 |
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