WO2009097716A1 - 媒体内容分片方法、提供媒体内容的方法、设备及系统 - Google Patents

媒体内容分片方法、提供媒体内容的方法、设备及系统 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2009097716A1
WO2009097716A1 PCT/CN2008/072327 CN2008072327W WO2009097716A1 WO 2009097716 A1 WO2009097716 A1 WO 2009097716A1 CN 2008072327 W CN2008072327 W CN 2008072327W WO 2009097716 A1 WO2009097716 A1 WO 2009097716A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
media content
terminal
fragment
base frame
multicast
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2008/072327
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Feng Li
Jin Li
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Publication of WO2009097716A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009097716A1/zh

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/104—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/47—End-user applications
    • H04N21/472—End-user interface for requesting content, additional data or services; End-user interface for interacting with content, e.g. for content reservation or setting reminders, for requesting event notification, for manipulating displayed content
    • H04N21/47202—End-user interface for requesting content, additional data or services; End-user interface for interacting with content, e.g. for content reservation or setting reminders, for requesting event notification, for manipulating displayed content for requesting content on demand, e.g. video on demand
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/47—End-user applications
    • H04N21/478—Supplemental services, e.g. displaying phone caller identification, shopping application
    • H04N21/4788—Supplemental services, e.g. displaying phone caller identification, shopping application communicating with other users, e.g. chatting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/632—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing using a connection between clients on a wide area network, e.g. setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet for retrieving video segments from the hard-disk of other client devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/61—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio
    • H04L65/612—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio for unicast

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a media content fragmentation method, a method, device and system for providing media content, and more particularly to a media content fragmentation method based on fragmentation technology, a method, device and system for rapidly providing media content.
  • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION When a user watches a traditional television program, when the delay of channel switching is large, the smoothness of viewing is greatly reduced. With the continuous improvement of technologies such as cable TV and satellite TV, the switching delay of traditional TV programs has been well controlled. In IP networks and other new overlay networks such as Peer to Peer (P2P), handover delay is still an important factor affecting the user's viewing experience.
  • IPTV Internet TV
  • IPTV Video on Demand
  • VOD Video on Demand
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a prior art distributed content publishing and searching method based on P2P technology.
  • a client (cl ient ) represents a user who publishes/downloads content
  • a node (Peer ) represents a node having a routing function.
  • Each node in a P2P network can publish its own content to the network, such as a movie, a file, or a clip of a movie.
  • the node first shards the content to be published, and each piece corresponds to a key value.
  • the key is the index key of the distributed hash table (DHT), which is a value calculated by the hash algorithm using the key information of the content, and different contents have different key values.
  • DHT distributed hash table
  • Each Peer node in the P2P network records part of the index information of the key value, such as which node the specific content corresponding to a key value is posted, or which node the specific content corresponding to a key value is stored in, etc. Interest.
  • the key value corresponding to the media is first sent to the Peer node, and the node information for storing the specific content corresponding to the key value is obtained from the peer node.
  • Clientl needs to release a certain resource, execute: 11. Clientl sends Put (key) to Peerl, which is the corresponding key value of the specific content. 12. Peerl knows that the specific content corresponding to the key value may be stored in Peer2. Send Put (key) to Peer2; 13. Peer2 finds that it is the node that stores the Key value, and returns the release response Put-ack to Peerl; 14. Peerl returns the release response Put_ack to Clientl.
  • a client When a client needs to obtain a certain resource, such as a movie, it first searches for a Peer node that records the key value corresponding to the media, and obtains node information of the specific content corresponding to the key value from the node. If Client2 needs to obtain a certain resource, execute: 21. Client2 sends Get (key) to Peer3 that records the key value, and finds the Peer 3 node that records the key value. 22. Peer3 knows that the specific content corresponding to the stored key value is stored in Peer2, sends Get (key) to Peer2 to find the specific content corresponding to the key value; 23. Peer2 returns a lookup response Get-ack to Peer 3; 24. Peer3 returns a lookup response Get-ack to Client2.
  • P2P technology is a widely used and widely used media sharing technology, which can bring massive storage and high-speed network transmission advantages.
  • the development of P2P networks further promotes the promotion of IPTV services.
  • the nodes of the P2P network are various heterogeneous nodes, the switching time of the media is difficult to guarantee.
  • the PPL ive software which is widely used today, has an average switching time of 10-20 seconds. For cold media, the switching time is up to 2 minutes.
  • the time of media switching is also an important reference for the user experience. If a drag and drop will result in 1 minute or even longer, the user is obviously unacceptable.
  • the encoder uses the fragmentation technology to divide the media content into a group of pictures (Group Of Pictures, referred to as G0P), and each picture group contains Three types of frames: internal coded frames
  • I-Frame bidirectional interpolation frame
  • B-Frame bidirectional interpolation frame
  • P-Frame forward prediction frame
  • the decoder must wait until the I-Frame is received It is only possible to decompress the subsequent B-Frame and P-Frame.
  • MPEG-like sharding methods there are also MPEG-like sharding methods, except that the naming and details will be different.
  • frames similar to the I-Frame function as the base frame
  • frames like the B-Frame and P-Frame functions are collectively referred to as auxiliary frames.
  • the prior art caches hotspot TV programs at the access node, and then uses unicast and multicast to perform channel switching.
  • the user's on-demand channel information is collected in real time at the access node, and then it is calculated which channels belong to the hotspot channel, that is, the channel with a high on-demand rate.
  • the access node uniformly distributes the content to users under a certain channel in the form of multicast, and caches the content of the hotspot channel on the access node.
  • the access node When the user switches to the hotspot channel, the access node first transmits the content of the destination channel to the user in the form of unicast, and the hotspot channel still multicasts the content to the user who has joined the channel in the form of multicast.
  • the unicast content is synchronized with the multicast, the user who has switched is added to the multicast group, and then the user who has switched is receiving the multicast content like other users.
  • Some embodiments of the present invention provide a media content fragmentation method, including: segmenting media content, and setting a base frame to a predetermined location of a tile.
  • Some embodiments of the present invention provide a method for providing media content, including: sharding media content, setting a base frame to a predetermined location of a shard; sharding the media content; When the first terminal requests a slice of the media content, the media content is The slice containing the base frame closest to the slice in the buffer is transmitted to the first terminal.
  • Some embodiments of the present invention provide an apparatus for providing media content, including: a cache module, configured to cache a fragment of the media content, where the base frame in the fragment is set at a predetermined location of the fragment; the transmission module, configured to: When receiving the request of the first terminal for the fragmentation of the media content, the fragment of the media content in the cache module that is closest to the fragment and containing the base frame is transmitted to the first terminal.
  • Some embodiments of the present invention provide a system for providing media content, including: a fragmentation device, a content providing device, and a first terminal, where the fragmentation device is configured to slice media content, and set a basic frame to a predetermined location of the shard; the content providing device, configured to cache the shard of the media content, and when the first terminal receives the request for the shard of the media content, the media in the cache module The slice containing the base frame closest to the slice in the content cache is transmitted to the first terminal.
  • the base frame in the fragment containing the basic frame is located at a preset position of the fragment to be belonged, for example, the first base frame is set to the fragment of the fragment.
  • the first frame such that the device that caches the fragmentation of the media content and the terminal device that requests the fragmentation of the media content, after obtaining the fragment containing the base frame, does not have to introduce a complex algorithm for identifying the base frame, and reduces Waiting for the time delay caused by the base frame, thus shortening the switching time.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for distributing distributed content based on P2P technology in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of Embodiment 1 of a method for providing media content based on a P2P network according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a P2P network based on the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of Embodiment 3 of a method for providing media content based on a P2P network according to the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of Embodiment 2 of a method for providing media content according to the present invention;
  • Embodiment 6 is a flowchart of Embodiment 4 of a method for providing media content based on a VOD system according to the present invention
  • 7 is a flowchart of Embodiment 5 of a method for providing media content based on an IP multicast network according to the present invention
  • Embodiment 8 is a schematic flowchart of requesting media switching by a first terminal in Embodiment 5 of a method for providing media content according to the present invention
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of an apparatus for providing media content according to the present invention.
  • Embodiment 2 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of an apparatus for providing media content according to the present invention
  • Embodiment 3 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 3 of an apparatus for providing media content according to the present invention.
  • Embodiment 4 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 4 of an apparatus for providing media content according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a system embodiment for providing media content according to the present invention. detailed description
  • Some embodiments of the present invention provide a media content fragmentation method, including setting a base frame to a preset location of a tile.
  • the base frame is the starting frame for media content decoding.
  • the fragment includes at least one base frame or no base frame, and when the fragment includes at least one base frame, the setting the base frame to a predetermined position of the belonging slice includes setting the first basic frame to belong to the The first frame of the slice.
  • Further embodiments of the present invention provide a method of providing media content, which is described in detail below by way of Embodiments 1 through 5 of providing media content in conjunction with Figures 2-8.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of Embodiment 1 of a method for providing media content based on a P2P network according to the present invention.
  • the embodiment includes: 1. Sharding the media content, and setting the basic frame to a predetermined location of the shard.
  • the base frame is the starting frame for media content decoding.
  • the fragmentation device performs planned segmentation on the media content, each slice includes at least one base frame or no base frame, and when the slice includes at least one base frame, the position of the base frame is preset, such as This includes setting the first base frame to the first frame of the associated slice.
  • the fragmentation device may be a media source device or a device for sharding independent of the media source device.
  • the fragmentation device not only performs the fragmentation operation of the media content, but also caches the fragmentation of the media content, or caches the fragmentation of the media content when the fragment of the media content is sent to the cache device.
  • the cache device can be a media source device or other intermediate device.
  • the basic frame in the fragment containing the basic frame is located at a preset position of the fragment, such as setting the first base frame to the first frame of the fragment, so that
  • the device that caches the fragmentation of the media content and the terminal device that requests the fragmentation of the media content, after obtaining the fragment containing the base frame does not have to introduce a complex algorithm for identifying the base frame, and reduces the waiting for the base frame. Time delay, which shortens the switching time.
  • the second embodiment and the fifth embodiment of the method for providing media content when the divided segments include at least one basic frame, set the first basic frame to the first frame of the associated slice.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of Embodiment 2 of a method for providing media content based on a P2P network according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a first terminal requesting media switching embodiment in a second embodiment of a method for providing media content according to the present invention.
  • the device that fragments the media content in this embodiment is a media source device, and the device that receives and caches the segment of the media content is an intermediate device.
  • the embodiment includes:
  • the media source device fragments the media content, and the principle of fragmentation is to place the basic frame The first frame of the slice.
  • the intermediate device can be a network device with routing capabilities, a client device that requests to publish/download media content, or both. It is assumed that one or several fragments of the media content are distributed to the network device Peer 2 in the P2P network.
  • the intermediate device caches the fragment of the media content received by the intermediate device.
  • the intermediate device can set the size of the cache by itself, that is, to cache several fragments each time, or to set the cache to a fixed value.
  • the intermediate device caches the media content in the unit of fragmentation to the local, and sorts the received fragments according to the original fragmentation order of the media content. Sorting is used to show the advantage that the first frame is the fragmentation method of the base frame. The user receives the message in the order of the beginning of the base frame, which can be received immediately.
  • the intermediate device copies the fragment to the second terminal that has applied for acquiring the media content according to a local copy list or a copy instruction of a specified device (such as a specific server).
  • the intermediate device When the intermediate device receives the request of the first terminal for the fragmentation of the media content, the intermediate device reads the cache of the media content, and the buffer of the media content is the closest to the fragment containing the base frame. The slice is transmitted to the first terminal. It is assumed that the first terminal Cl ient l first finds the storage device of the index whose key is the key index through the P2P network, that is, the network device Peerl, and the storage location of the shard corresponding to the key obtained by Peerl is Peer2. As shown in FIG.
  • the following includes: Ol Cl ient l
  • the P2P network finds that the fragmented keyword of the media content is the network device Peerl where the index of the key is located; 012, Peerl returns the score corresponding to the key to Cl ient l
  • the storage location of the slice is Peer2; 013, Cl ient l downloads the slice containing the base frame closest to the slice from Peer2, and Peer2 transmits the slice containing the base frame closest to the slice to C 1 i en 11.
  • the intermediate device determines whether the traffic transmitted to the first terminal is synchronized with the traffic copied to the second terminal, and if not, continues to perform the transmission of the fragment containing the basic frame in the buffer of the media content in 5a.
  • the first terminal adds the first terminal to the local replication list, and use the replication stream instead of the transport stream to send the media content to the first terminal.
  • the first terminal requests an instance of media switching, when transmitting When the traffic to the Client is synchronized with the traffic copied to the second terminal, the media content is sent to the Client using the duplicate traffic instead of the transport stream.
  • the first device C l ient l in this embodiment requests an instance of media switching, and adds C ient l to the local replication list of the intermediate device Peer2.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of Embodiment 3 of a method for providing media content based on a P2P network according to the present invention.
  • the device that fragments the media content in this embodiment is a media source device, and the device that receives and caches the fragment of the media content is an intermediate device.
  • This embodiment differs from the second embodiment of the method for providing media content described above in that each slice of the slice of the media content includes at least one base frame, and the position of the base frame is previously set in the first frame of the slice.
  • the media source device fragments the media content, each slice includes at least one base frame, and the location of the first base frame is preset in the first frame of the associated slice.
  • a device that receives a slice is called an intermediate device.
  • the intermediate device can be a network device with routing capabilities, a client device that requests to publish/download media content, or both. It is assumed that one or several fragments of the media content are distributed to the network device Peer 2 in the P2P network.
  • the intermediate device caches the fragment of the media content that it receives.
  • the intermediate device can set the size of the cache by itself, that is, to cache several fragments each time, or to set the cache to a fixed value.
  • the intermediate device caches the media content in the unit of fragmentation to the local, and sorts the received fragments in the order in which they are received from the media source device. Sorting is used to reflect the advantage of the fragmentation method of the first frame and the base frame. The user receives the message in the order of the beginning of the base frame, which can be received immediately.
  • the intermediate device copies the fragment to the second terminal that has applied for obtaining the media content according to a local copy list or a copy instruction of a specified device (such as a specific server).
  • the intermediate device receives the request of the first terminal for the slice of the media content, the cache of the media content is read, and the slice in the cache of the media content is transmitted to the first terminal.
  • the intermediate device determines whether the traffic transmitted to the first terminal and the traffic copied to the second terminal are Synchronization, if not, continue to perform the transmission of the fragment in the buffer of the media content in the 5b to the first terminal; if it is synchronized, execute 7b.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of Embodiment 4 of a method for providing media content based on a VOD system according to the present invention.
  • the device for fragmenting the media content in this embodiment is a media source device, and the device that receives and caches the fragment of the media content is an intermediate device.
  • This embodiment includes:
  • the media source device fragments the media content, each fragment includes at least one basic frame, and the location of the first basic frame is preset in the first frame of the associated fragment.
  • the device that receives the fragment is called an intermediate device, and the intermediate device may be a network device that transmits the on-demand content, or a terminal device that plays the on-demand content, or both.
  • the intermediate device caches the fragment of the media content that it receives.
  • the intermediate device can set the size of the cache by itself, that is, to cache several fragments each time, or to set the cache to a fixed value.
  • the intermediate device caches the media content in the unit of fragmentation to the local, and sorts the received fragments according to the original fragmentation order of the media content.
  • the intermediate device When the intermediate device receives the request of the first terminal for the destination fragment of the media content, the intermediate device reads the destination fragment in the cache of the media content, and transmits the destination fragment to the first terminal.
  • the destination fragment refers to a fragment that the user desires to play after dragging and dropping the media content. In the V0D drag and drop operation, find the device that stores the destination shard, and then download the destination shard from the device's cache.
  • an IP multicast network is taken as an example to describe a process of providing media content.
  • the device that fragments the media content is a media source device, and receives and mediates the fragmentation of the media content.
  • the stored device is an intermediate device.
  • the root node device is a media source device, the intermediate node device is an intermediate device, and the leaf node device is a first device that requests media switching.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart of Embodiment 5 of a method for providing media content based on an IP multicast network according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart of a first terminal requesting media switching embodiment in Embodiment 5 of a method for providing media content according to the present invention. As shown in Figure 7, this embodiment includes:
  • the ld, the root node device fragments the media content, each slice includes at least one base frame, and the location of the first base frame is preset in the first frame of the associated slice.
  • the intermediate node device caches the fragment that receives the media content.
  • the intermediate node device can set the size of the cache by itself, that is, cache several fragments each time, or set the cache to a fixed value.
  • the intermediate node device caches the media content in the unit of fragmentation to the local, and sorts the received fragments according to the original fragmentation order of the media content.
  • the intermediate node device multicasts the fragment to the second terminal that has applied for acquiring the media content according to the local multicast list or a multicast instruction of a specified device.
  • the second terminal is a multicast member in the IP multicast network.
  • the multicast member can be a leaf node device of the multicast tree or other intermediate node device of the multicast tree.
  • the intermediate node device When the intermediate node device receives the request of the first terminal for the fragmentation of the media content, the intermediate node device reads the currently cached fragment of the media content, and transmits the cached fragment of the media content to the first terminal.
  • the first terminal requesting media switching is the leaf node device Leaf 1 in the multicast tree of the media 1
  • the leaf node device Leaf 1 requests to switch from the media 1 to the media 2, specifically: 021,
  • Leaf l The fragmented storage device of the media 2 is found in the multicast tree of the media 2 through the IP multicast network, that is, the intermediate node device 1 in the multicast tree of the media 2, and the intermediate node device 1 transmits the cached fragment of the media content.
  • the intermediate node device determines whether the traffic transmitted to the first terminal is synchronized with the traffic multicasted to the second terminal, and if not, continues to perform the fragmentation of the cached media content in the 5d to the first terminal; If it is synchronized, execute 7d.
  • the leaf node Leaf l in this embodiment requests cutting Switching to the instance of the media 2, when the traffic transmitted to the Leaf 1 is synchronized with the traffic of the multicast to the leaf node of the intermediate node device 1, the multicast traffic is used instead of the transport stream to send the media content to the Leaf l.
  • the leaf node Leaf l in this embodiment requests an instance of switching to the media 2, and then adds Leaf l to the local multicast list of the intermediate node device 1.
  • the first frame of each slice is set as the base frame by performing planned segmentation on the media content, so that the intermediate device and the device requesting the media content do not have to be Identifying the base frame to introduce a complex algorithm, and reducing the time delay caused by waiting for the base frame, thereby shortening the switching time; in addition, due to the time when the terminal device just received the request of the first terminal for the media content
  • the shard of the cached media content is directly transmitted to the first terminal, and the speed of copying or multicasting is faster than that of directly transmitting the cached shard to the first terminal, thereby further shortening the switching time.
  • Network IP network, such as V0D system and IP multicast network, etc.; applicable to, but not limited to, live, on-demand or time-shifting and other media playback formats.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a medium that can store program codes, such as a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
  • a further embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for providing media content, including: a cache module, configured to cache a fragment of the media content, where the base frame in the fragment is set at a predetermined location of the fragment; the transmission module, When receiving the request of the first terminal for the fragmentation of the media content, the fragment of the media content in the cache module that is closest to the fragment and containing the base frame is transmitted to the first terminal.
  • a cache module configured to cache a fragment of the media content, where the base frame in the fragment is set at a predetermined location of the fragment
  • the transmission module When receiving the request of the first terminal for the fragmentation of the media content, the fragment of the media content in the cache module that is closest to the fragment and containing the base frame is transmitted to the first terminal.
  • Embodiment 1 of a device for providing media content This embodiment is described by taking a device that performs media content in a P2P network as an example.
  • the device for providing media content in this embodiment includes a cache module 101 for buffering the fragment of the media content received by the packet, and setting the basic frame in the fragment to the fragment of the fragment. a predetermined location; the transmission module 102 is configured to, when receiving the request of the first terminal for the fragmentation of the media content, the fragment of the media content in the cache module that is closest to the fragment and containing the base frame Transfer to the first terminal.
  • the embodiment may further include: a database 103 for storing a copy list; and a copying module 104, configured to copy the fragment of the media content to the second terminal that has applied to obtain the media content according to the copy list in the database 103;
  • the determining module 105 when determining that the traffic transmitted to the first terminal is synchronized with the traffic copied to the second terminal, notifying the transmission module 102 to stop transmitting the cached fragment of the media content to the first terminal, and notifying the replication module 104, The slice of the media content is copied to the first terminal.
  • the device for providing media content in this embodiment includes a cache module 201, configured to cache a fragment of the media content received by the packet, and set a base frame in the fragment to a predetermined fragment.
  • a transmitting module 202 configured to: when receiving the request of the first terminal for the fragmentation of the media content, transmit, to the buffer of the media content in the cache module, the fragment containing the base frame closest to the fragment to a first terminal; a receiving module 203, configured to receive a copy instruction sent by the specified device; and a copying module 204, configured to: copy the fragment of the media content to the second terminal that has applied to obtain the media content according to the copy instruction received by the receiving module
  • the determining module 205 is configured to: when determining that the traffic transmitted to the first terminal is synchronized with the traffic copied to the second terminal, notify the transmission module 202 to stop transmitting the cached fragment of the media content to the first terminal, and notify the replication The module 204 copies the fragment of the media content to the first terminal.
  • the device for providing media content in this embodiment includes a cache module 301, The received fragment of the media content is buffered, and the base frame in the fragment is set at a predetermined position of the fragment; the transmission module 302 is configured to: when receiving the request of the first terminal for the fragment of the media content And transmitting, in the cache of the media content in the cache module, the fragment containing the base frame closest to the fragment to the first terminal.
  • the embodiment may further include: a database 303, configured to store a multicast list, and a multicast module 304, configured to multicast the fragment of the media content to the second that has applied for acquiring the media content according to the multicast list in the database 303.
  • a determining module 305 configured to: when it is determined that the traffic transmitted to the first terminal is synchronized with the traffic that is multicast to the second terminal, notify the transmitting module 302 to stop transmitting the cached fragment of the media content to the first terminal, and simultaneously The multicast module 304 is notified to multicast the fragment of the media content to the first terminal.
  • the device for providing media content in this embodiment includes a cache module 401, configured to cache the fragment of the media content that is received by the device, and set the basic frame in the fragment to the predetermined fragment.
  • a transmission module 402 configured to: when receiving the request for the media content by the first terminal, read the fragment of the media content cached in the cache module 401, and cache the media content in the cache module 401.
  • the fragmented block containing the base frame is transmitted to the first terminal
  • the receiving module 403 is configured to receive the multicast command sent by the specified device
  • the multicast module 404 is configured to: press the media content according to the multicast command received by the receiving module.
  • the fragmentation multicast is sent to the second terminal that has applied for obtaining the media content; the determining module 405 is configured to notify the transmission module 402 to stop when it is determined that the traffic transmitted to the first terminal is synchronized with the traffic of the multicast to the second terminal.
  • the cached fragment of the media content is transmitted to the first terminal, and the multicast module 404 is notified to multicast the fragment of the media content to the first terminal.
  • the device for providing media content according to the present invention is applicable to a P2P network, as described above.
  • the method further includes performing the media provided by the present invention.
  • Other methods of providing content for media content includes, but is not limited to, a device for providing media content in a method of providing media content in a plurality of media content playback forms such as live broadcast, on-demand or time shift.
  • a further embodiment of the present invention provides a system for providing media content, as shown in FIG. 13 , comprising: a fragmentation device 100 connected in sequence, a content providing device 200, and a first terminal 300, wherein the content providing device 200 is a device for providing media content for the method of providing media content described in the above embodiments.
  • the fragmentation device 100 shards the media content, and sets the base frame to a predetermined location of the shard; the content providing device 200 caches the shard of the media content, and receives the first terminal 300 for the media content.
  • the content providing device 200 transmits the slice containing the base frame closest to the slice in the cache of the media content to the first terminal 300.
  • the fragmentation device in this embodiment may be a media source device or a device for fragmentation independent of the media source device.

Description

媒体内容分片方法、 提供媒体内容的方法、 设备及系统
技术领域
本发明涉及媒体内容分片方法、 提供媒体内容的方法、 设备及系统， 尤 其涉及基于分片技术实现的媒体内容分片方法、 快速提供媒体内容的方法、 设备及系统。 背景技术 用户在观看传统电视节目时， 当频道切换的延时较大时， 观看的流畅感 会大大降低。 随着有线电视、 卫星电视等技术的不断提高， 传统电视节目的 切换延时已经得到 4艮好的控制。 而在 IP网络以及其他如对等网络（Peer to Peer , 简称 P2P )等新型重叠网 （Over lay network ) 中， 切换延时仍然是影 响用户观看体验的一个重要因素。 网络电视 ( IPTV )是通过 IP网络传送媒体 内容的一种技术， 因其具有网络广泛、 运营成本低， 内容丰富等优点， 近年 来受到了人们越来越广泛的关注， 但迄今为止， IPTV业务， 尤其是媒体点播 ( Video on Demand, 简称 V0D )业务， 只能在有限的范围内得到试用或商用， 其中一个原因是媒体观看的流畅感较差。
图 1为现有技术基于 P2P技术的分布式内容发布和查找方法的流程图。 在 P2P系统中， 如图 1所示， 在 P2P系统中， 客户 （c l ient )代表发布 /下载 内容的用户， 节点（Peer )表示有路由功能的节点。 P2P网络中的每个节点均 可以向网络发布自己拥有的内容， 比如一部影片， 一个文件， 或者一部影片 的片断等。 节点首先将要发布的内容进行分片， 每片对应一个键（key )值。 其中 key是分布式哈希表（DHT ) 的索引关键字， 它是釆用内容的关键信息进 行哈希算法计算得到的一个数值， 不同的内容会有不同的 key值。 P2P网络中 的每个 Peer节点都记录一部分 key值的索引信息， 比如某个 key值对应的具 体内容在哪个节点发布， 或某个 key值对应的具体内容在哪个节点存储等信 息。
当某个节点需要发布某个资源时， 比如某个影片， 则首先向 Peer节点发 布该媒体对应的 key值， 从该 Peer节点上得到用于存储该 key值对应的具体 内容的节点信息。 如 Clientl需要发布某个资源， 则执行： 11、 Clientl向 Peerl发送 Put (key ) , 即发布某具体内容的对应的 key值； 12、 Peerl查知 该 key值对应的具体内容可能存储在 Peer2, 向 Peer2发送 Put ( key ) ； 13、 Peer2发现自己是存储该 Key值的节点，向 Peerl返回发布应答 Put-ack; 14、 Peerl向 Clientl返回发布应答 Put_ack。
当某个 client需要获得某个资源时， 比如某个影片， 则首先查找记录该 媒体对应的 key值的 Peer节点， 从该节点上得到存储 key值对应的具体内容 的节点信息。 如 Client2需要获得某个资源， 则执行： 21、 Client2向记录 key值的 Peer3发送 Get (key) , 查找记录 key值的 Peer 3节点； 22、 Peer3 得知存储该 key值对应的具体内容存储在 Peer2, 向 Peer2发送 Get (key) , 查找该 key值对应的具体内容； 23、 Peer2向 Peer 3返回查找应答 Get-ack; 24、 Peer3向 Client2返回查找应答 Get-ack。
P2P技术是一种广受关注并广泛使用的媒体共享技术，它能够带来海量存 储和高速的网络传输优势， P2P网络的发展进一步带动了 IPTV业务的推广。 但是由于 P2P网络的节点是各式各样的异构节点， 媒体的切换时间更是难以 保证。 如现在广泛使用的 PPL ive软件， 其平均切换时间为 10-20秒， 对于冷 门媒体， 切换时间可达 2分钟。
另外， 在 V0D技术中， 媒体切换的时间也是用户体验的重要参考依据， 如果一次拖放会导致 1分钟乃至更长的时间， 用户显然难以接受。
在动态图像专家组 (Moving Pictures Experts Group, 以下简称 MPEG) 编码方式中， 编码器釆用分片技术将媒体内容分为一个个图片组（Group Of Pictures, 简称 G0P)，每个图片组中含有三种类型的帧： 内部编码帧
( I-Frame ) , 双向内插帧 （ B-Frame )和前向预测帧 （ P-Frame ) , 也就是一 个 I-Frame带有多个 P_Frame和 B_Frame。解码器必须等到接收到 I-Frame时 才可以对其后的 B-Frame和 P-Frame进行解压。 在其他编码方式中， 也有类 似 MPEG的分片方法， 只是命名和细节会有所不同。 我们把类似 I-Frame功能 的帧统称为基础帧， 类似 B-Frame和 P-Frame功能的帧统称为辅助帧。
显然， 用户每次进行媒体切换时很难刚好遇到基础帧到达， 所以解码器 必须等待目的媒体的基础帧才能进行解码， 这段等待时间在用户看来就是切 换的延时。
如果简单的釆用缩短 G0P这种方式来减少切换延时（既一个基础帧带有 少量的辅助帧， 因而解码器不需要花费太多时间等待一个基础帧）也是不可 取的， 因为这意味着低压缩比， 也就需要更多的带宽来传输媒体。 在带宽尚 不充足的 IP网络中， 高压缩比的媒体传输是技术发展的一个趋势， 因此釆用 缩短 G0P这种方式减少切换延时不可行。
为了解决频道的快速切换问题， 现有技术在接入节点对热点电视节目进 行緩存， 然后釆用单播与组播相结合的方式进行频道切换。 首先在接入节点 实时的釆集用户的点播频道信息， 然后计算出哪些频道属于热点频道， 也就 是点播率大的频道。 接入节点以组播的形式向某个频道下的用户统一发放内 容， 同时把热点频道的内容緩存在接入节点上。 当用户切换到热点频道时， 首先由接入节点釆用单播形式向用户发送目的频道的内容， 同时该热点频道 仍以组播形式向已经加入该频道的用户组播内容。 当单播内容与组播同步时， 将发生切换的用户加入到组播组中， 此后该发生切换的用户与其它用户一样 接收组播内容。 发明内容
本发明的一些实施例提供了一种媒体内容分片方法， 其中包括： 对媒体 内容进行分片， 将基础帧设置于所属分片的预定位置。
本发明的一些实施例提供了一种提供媒体内容的方法， 包括： 对媒体内 容进行分片， 将基础帧设置于所属分片的预定位置； 将该媒体内容的分片进 行緩存； 当接收到第一终端对该媒体内容的一分片的请求时， 将该媒体内容 的緩存中距离该分片最近的含有基础帧的分片传输给第一终端。
本发明的一些实施例提供了一种提供媒体内容的设备， 包括： 緩存模块， 用于緩存媒体内容的分片， 分片中的基础帧设置于所属分片的预定位置； 传 输模块， 用于当接收到第一终端对该媒体内容的一分片的请求时， 将緩存模 块中的该媒体内容的緩存中距离该分片最近的含有基础帧的分片传输给第一 终端。
本发明的一些实施例提供了一种提供媒体内容的系统， 包括： 分片设备、 内容提供设备及第一终端， 所述分片设备， 用于对媒体内容进行分片， 将基 础帧设置于所属分片的预定位置； 所述内容提供设备， 用于将该媒体内容的 分片进行緩存， 当接收到第一终端对该媒体内容的一分片的请求时， 将緩存 模块中的该媒体内容的緩存中距离该分片最近的含有基础帧的分片传输给第 一终端。
本发明的上述实施例， 通过对媒体内容进行有规划的分片， 使含有基础 帧的分片中基础帧位于所属分片的预设位置， 如将第一个基础帧设置于所属 分片的首帧， 从而使得緩存该媒体内容的分片的设备以及请求获得该媒体内 容的分片的终端设备当获得含有基础帧的分片后， 不必为识别基础帧而引入 复杂的算法， 并且减少了等待基础帧带来的时间延时， 从而缩短了切换时间。 附图说明
图 1为现有技术基于 P2P技术的分布式内容发布和查找方法的流程图； 图 2为本发明基于 P2P网络的提供媒体内容的方法实施例一的流程图； 图 3为本发明基于 P2P网络的提供媒体内容的方法实施例二的流程图； 图 4为本发明基于 P2P网络的提供媒体内容的方法实施例三的流程图； 图 5为本发明提供媒体内容的方法实施例二中的第一终端请求媒体切换 的流程示意图；
图 6为本发明基于 V0D系统的提供媒体内容的方法实施例四的流程图； 图 7为本发明基于 IP组播网络的提供媒体内容的方法实施例五的流程 图；
图 8为本发明提供媒体内容的方法实施例五中的第一终端请求媒体切换 的流程示意图；
图 9为本发明提供媒体内容的设备实施例一的结构示意图；
图 10为本发明提供媒体内容的设备实施例二的结构示意图；
图 11为本发明提供媒体内容的设备实施例三的结构示意图；
图 12为本发明提供媒体内容的设备实施例四的结构示意图；
图 1 3为本发明提供媒体内容的系统实施例的结构示意图。 具体实施方式
下面通过附图和实施例， 对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细描述。 发明人在研究本发明的过程中，发现现有技术存在如下缺陷： （1)现有技 术的方案仅存储热点电视频道， 快速切换的服务范围有限； 而且需要识别热 点频道， 增加了设备负担；（2)网络对緩存内容不做任何操作， 用户切换延时 不可预测； （3)应用范围有限， 只适用于频道切换， 并没有解决其他媒体切换 的问题， 如 V0D的拖放操作等； （4 )这种方法需要识别基础帧， 因而需要增 加处理开销。
本发明的一些实施例提供了一种媒体内容分片方法， 包括将基础帧设置 于所属分片的预设位置。 基础帧为进行媒体内容解码的起始帧。 所述分片包 含至少一个基础帧或不包含基础帧， 当所述分片包含至少一个基础帧时， 所 述将基础帧设置于所属分片的预定位置包括将第一个基础帧设置于所属分片 的首帧。 本发明的另一些实施例提供了一种提供媒体内容的方法， 以下通过 提供媒体内容的方法实施例一至五并结合图 2-8进行详细说明。
图 2为本发明基于 P2P 网络的提供媒体内容的方法实施例一的流程图。 如图 2所示， 该实施例包括： 1、 对媒体内容进行分片， 将所述基础帧设置于所属分片的预定位置。 基 础帧为进行媒体内容解码的起始帧。 分片设备对媒体内容进行有规划的分片， 每一分片包含至少一个基础帧或不包含基础帧， 当所述分片包含至少一个基 础帧时， 使基础帧的位置预先设定， 如包括将第一个基础帧设置于所属分片 的首帧。 分片设备可以是媒体源设备或独立于媒体源设备的用于分片的设备。
2、 将该媒体内容的分片进行緩存。 分片设备不仅执行媒体内容的分片操 作， 还可以对该媒体内容的分片进行緩存， 或将该媒体内容的分片发送到緩 存设备时， 由緩存设备进行该媒体内容的分片的緩存， 緩存设备可以为媒体 源设备或其它中间设备。
3、 当接收到第一终端对该媒体内容的一分片的请求时， 将该媒体内容的 緩存中距离该分片最近的含有基础帧的分片传输给第一终端。 第一终端请求 的分片与该含有基础帧的分片同属于一媒体内容。
该实施例通过对媒体内容进行有规划的分片， 使含有基础帧的分片中基 础帧位于所属分片预设位置， 如将第一个基础帧设置于所属分片的首帧， 从 而使得緩存媒体内容的分片的设备以及请求获得该媒体内容的分片的终端设 备当获得含有基础帧的分片后， 不必为识别基础帧而引入复杂的算法， 并且 减少了等待基础帧带来的时间延时， 从而缩短了切换时间。
以下提供媒体内容的方法的实施例二及实施例五当所分的分片中包含至 少一个基础帧时， 将第一个基础帧设置于所属分片的首帧。
提供媒体内容的方法的实施例二
该实施例以 P2P网络为例说明提供媒体内容的流程。 图 3为本发明基于 P2P网络的提供媒体内容的方法实施例二的流程图。图 5为本发明提供媒体内 容的方法实施例二中的第一终端请求媒体切换实施例的流程示意图。 该实施 例中的对媒体内容进行分片的设备为媒体源设备， 接收并对该媒体内容的分 片进行緩存的设备为中间设备。 如图 3所示， 该实施例包括：
la、 媒体源设备对媒体内容进行分片， 分片的原则是把基础帧放在所属 分片的首帧。
2a、 将分片后的媒体内容发布到 P2P 网络中。 接收分片的设备称为中间 设备， 该中间设备可以为有路由功能的网络设备， 也可以为请求发布 /下载媒 体内容的客户端设备， 或二者皆有。 假设该媒体内容的一个或数个分片被发 布到 P2P网络中的网络设备 Peer 2中。
3a、 中间设备对其收到的该媒体内容的分片进行緩存。 中间设备可以自 行设置緩存的大小， 即每次緩存几个分片， 也可以把緩存设为固定值。 中间 设备把媒体内容以分片为单位緩存到本地， 并按照该媒体内容的原始分片顺 序对接收到的分片进行排序。 排序用以体现出首帧就是基础帧的分片方法的 优点， 用户收到的就是以基础帧开头的顺序报文， 可以即收即放。
4a、 中间设备根据本地的复制列表或者某一指定设备 (如一特定服务器） 的复制指令将分片复制给已申请获取该媒体内容的第二终端。
5a、 当中间设备接收到第一终端对该媒体内容的一分片的请求时， 中间 设备读取该媒体内容的緩存， 将该媒体内容的緩存中距离该分片最近的含有 基础帧的分片传输给第一终端。 假设第一终端 Cl ient l通过 P2P网络首先找 到分片的关键字为 key的索引的存储设备， 即网络设备 Peerl , 通过 Peerl获 得 key所对应的分片的存储位置为 Peer2。如图 5所示，具体包括： Ol Cl ient l 通过 P2P网络找到该媒体内容的一分片的关键字为 key的索引所在的网络设 备 Peerl ; 012、 Peerl向 Cl ient l返回 key所对应的分片的存储位置为 Peer2; 013、 Cl ient l从 Peer2下载距离该分片最近的含有基础帧的分片，此时 Peer2 将距离该分片最近的含有基础帧的分片传输给 C 1 i en 11。
6a、 中间设备判断传输给第一终端的流量与复制给第二终端的流量是否 同步， 若不同步， 则继续执行 5a中的将该媒体内容的緩存中该含有基础帧的 分片传输给第一终端； 若同步， 则执行 7a。
7a、 将第一终端加入到本地复制列表， 用复制流代替传输流向第一终端 发送媒体内容。 具体到该实施例中的第一终端请求媒体切换的实例， 当传输 给 Cl ient l 的流量与复制给第二终端的流量同步时， 则用复制流量代替传输 流向 Cl ient l发送媒体内容。 具体到该实施例中的第一设备 C l ient l请求媒 体切换的实例， 将 C l ient l加入到中间设备 Peer2的本地复制列表。
提供媒体内容的方法的实施例三
该实施例仍以 P2P网络为例说明提供媒体内容的流程。 图 4为本发明基 于 P2P 网络的提供媒体内容的方法实施例三的流程图。 该实施例中的对媒体 内容进行分片的设备为媒体源设备， 接收并对该媒体内容的分片进行緩存的 设备为中间设备。 该实施例与上述提供媒体内容的方法的实施例二的区别在 于， 媒体内容的分片的每一分片至少包括一个基础帧， 并且基础帧的位置预 先设置在分片的首帧。
lb、 媒体源设备对媒体内容进行分片， 每个分片至少包括一个基础帧， 并且第一个基础帧的位置预先设置在所属分片的首帧。
2b、 将分片后的媒体内容发布到 P2P 网络中。 接收分片的设备称为中间 设备， 该中间设备可以为有路由功能的网络设备， 也可以为请求发布 /下载媒 体内容的客户端设备， 或二者皆有。 假设该媒体内容的一个或数个分片被发 布到 P2P网络中的网络设备 Peer 2中。
3b、 中间设备将其收到的该媒体内容的分片进行緩存。 中间设备可以自 行设置緩存的大小， 即每次緩存几个分片， 也可以把緩存设为固定值。 中间 设备把媒体内容以分片为单位緩存到本地， 并按照从媒体源设备接收的先后 顺序对所接收的分片进行排序。 排序用以体现出首帧就 础帧的分片方法 的优点， 用户收到的就是以基础帧开头的顺序报文， 可以即收即放。
4b、 中间设备根据本地的复制列表或者某一指定设备 (如一特定服务器） 的复制指令将分片复制给已申请获取该媒体内容的第二终端。
5b、 当中间设备接收到第一终端对该媒体内容的一分片的请求时， 读取 该媒体内容的緩存， 将该媒体内容的緩存中的该分片传输给第一终端。
6b、 中间设备判断传输给第一终端的流量与复制给第二终端的流量是否 同步， 若不同步， 则继续执行 5b中的将该媒体内容的緩存中的该分片传输给 第一终端； 若同步， 则执行 7b。
7b、 将第一终端加入到本地复制列表， 用复制流代替传输流向第一终端 发送媒体内容。
提供媒体内容的方法的实施例四
该实施例以 V0D系统为例说明提供媒体内容的流程。 图 6为本发明基于 V0D系统的提供媒体内容的方法实施例四的流程图。该实施例中的对媒体内容 进行分片的设备为媒体源设备， 接收并对该媒体内容的分片进行緩存的设备 为中间设备。 该实施例包括：
lc、 媒体源设备对媒体内容进行分片， 每个分片至少包括一个基础帧， 并且第一个基础帧的位置预先设置在所属分片的首帧。
2c、 将分片后的媒体内容发布到请求点播的设备中。 接收分片的设备称 为中间设备， 该中间设备可以为传输点播内容的网络设备， 也可以是播放点 播内容的终端设备， 或二者皆有。
3c、 中间设备将其收到的该媒体内容的分片进行緩存。 中间设备可以自 行设置緩存的大小， 即每次緩存几个分片， 也可以把緩存设为固定值。 中间 设备把媒体内容以分片为单位緩存到本地， 并按照该媒体内容的原始分片顺 序对接收到的分片进行排序。
4c、 当中间设备接收到第一终端对该媒体内容的目的分片的请求时， 中 间设备读取该媒体内容的緩存中的该目的分片， 将该目的分片传输给第一终 端。 其中目的分片是指用户对媒体内容进行拖放后期望播放的分片。 在 V0D 拖放操作中， 寻找存储目的分片的设备， 然后从该设备的緩存中下载目的分 片。
提供媒体内容的方法的实施例五
该实施例以 IP组播网络为例说明提供媒体内容的流程，该实施例中的对 媒体内容进行分片的设备为媒体源设备， 接收并对该媒体内容的分片进行緩 存的设备为中间设备。 其中根节点设备为媒体源设备， 中间节点设备为中间 设备， 叶子节点设备为请求媒体切换的第一设备。 图 7为本发明基于 IP组播 网络的提供媒体内容的方法实施例五的流程图。 图 8 为本发明提供媒体内容 的方法实施例五中的第一终端请求媒体切换实施例的流程示意图。 如图 7 所 示， 该实施例包括：
ld、 根节点设备对媒体内容进行分片， 每个分片至少包括一个基础帧， 并且第一个基础帧的位置预先设置在所属分片的首帧。
2d、 将分片后的媒体内容发布到中间节点设备中。
3d、 中间节点设备将其收到该媒体内容的分片进行緩存。 中间节点设备 可以自行设置緩存的大小， 即每次緩存几个分片， 也可以把緩存设为固定值。 中间节点设备把媒体内容以分片为单位緩存到本地， 并按照该媒体内容的原 始分片顺序对接收到的分片进行排序。
4d、 中间节点设备根据本地的组播列表或者某一指定设备的组播指令将 分片组播给已申请获取该媒体内容的第二终端。 其中第二终端在 IP组播网中 即为组播成员， 组播成员可以是组播树的叶子节点设备， 也可以是组播树的 其他中间节点设备。
5d、 当中间节点设备接收到第一终端对该媒体内容的分片的请求时， 中 间节点设备读取当前緩存的该媒体内容的分片， 将緩存的该媒体内容的分片 传输给第一终端。 如图 8所示， 假设请求媒体切换的第一终端为媒体 1的组 播树中的叶子节点设备 Leaf 1 ,叶子节点设备 Leaf 1请求从媒体 1切换到媒体 2 , 具体为： 021、 Leaf l通过 IP组播网络在媒体 2的组播树中找到媒体 2的 分片存储设备， 即媒体 2的组播树中的中间节点设备 1 , 中间节点设备 1将緩 存的该媒体内容的分片传输给 Leaf 1。
6d、 中间节点设备判断传输给第一终端的流量与组播给第二终端的流量 是否同步， 若不同步， 则继续执行 5d中的将緩存的该媒体内容的分片传输给 第一终端； 若同步， 则执行 7d。 具体到该实施例中的叶子节点 Leaf l请求切 换到媒体 2的实例， 当传输给 Leaf l的流量与组播给中间节点设备 1的叶子 节点的流量同步时， 则用组播流量代替传输流向 Leaf l发送媒体内容。
7d、 将第一终端加入到本地组播列表， 用组播流代替传输流向第一终端 发送媒体内容。 具体到该实施例中的叶子节点 Leaf l请求切换到媒体 2的实 例， 则将 Leaf l加入到中间节点设备 1的本地组播列表。
本发明的上述实施例三至实施例五，通过对媒体内容进行有规划的分片， 将每一分片的首帧设置为基础帧， 从而使得中间设备以及请求获得该媒体内 容的设备不必为识别基础帧而引入复杂的算法， 并且减少了等待基础帧带来 的时间延时， 从而缩短了切换时间； 另外， 由于终端设备在刚接收到第一终 端对该媒体内容的请求时的一段时间内， 直接将緩存的该媒体内容的分片传 输给第一终端， 由于直接将緩存的分片传输给第一终端的速度较复制或组播 的速度快， 从而更进一步缩短了切换时间。 络、 IP网络如 V0D系统中及 IP组播网络等多种网络； 适用于但不限于直播、 点播或时移等多种媒体播放形式。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解： 实现上述方法实施例的全部或部分步骤 可以通过程序指令相关的硬件来完成， 前述的程序可以存储于一计算机可读 取存储介质中， 该程序在执行时， 执行包括上述方法实施例的步骤； 而前述 的存储介质包括： R0M、 RAM, 磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
本发明的又一些实施例提供了一种提供媒体内容的设备， 包括： 緩存模 块， 用于緩存媒体内容的分片， 分片中的基础帧设置于所属分片的预定位置； 传输模块， 用于当接收到第一终端对该媒体内容的一分片的请求时， 将緩存 模块中的该媒体内容的緩存中距离该分片最近的含有基础帧的分片传输给第 一终端。 以下通过提供媒体内容的设备实施例一至四并结合图 9-12进行详细 说明。
提供媒体内容的设备的实施例一 该实施例以 P2P 网络中的执行提供媒体内容的设备为例进行说明。 该实 施例中的提供媒体内容的设备， 如图 9所示， 包括緩存模块 1 01 , 用于将其接 收的该媒体内容的分片进行緩存， 分片中的基础帧设置于所属分片的预定位 置； 传输模块 102 , 用于当接收到第一终端对该媒体内容的一分片的请求时， 将緩存模块中的该媒体内容的緩存中距离该分片最近的含有基础帧的分片传 输给第一终端。 该实施例中还可以包括： 数据库 1 03 , 用于存储复制列表； 复 制模块 104 ,用于根据数据库 103中的复制列表将媒体内容的分片复制给已申 请获取该媒体内容的第二终端； 判断模块 105 , 当判断传输给第一终端的流量 与复制给第二终端的流量同步时， 通知传输模块 102停止将緩存的该媒体内 容的分片传输给第一终端， 同时通知复制模块 104 , 将该媒体内容的分片复制 给第一终端。
提供媒体内容的设备的实施例二
该实施例仍以 P2P 网络中的执行提供媒体内容的设备为例进行说明。 该 实施例中的提供媒体内容的设备， 如图 10所示， 包括緩存模块 201 , 用于将 其接收的该媒体内容的分片进行緩存， 分片中的基础帧设置于所属分片的预 定位置； 传输模块 202 , 用于当接收到第一终端对该媒体内容的一分片的请求 时， 将緩存模块中该媒体内容的緩存中距离该分片最近的含有基础帧的分片 传输给第一终端； 接收模块 203 , 用于接收指定设备发送的复制指令； 复制模 块 204 ,用于根据接收模块所接收的复制指令将媒体内容的分片复制给已申请 获取该媒体内容的第二终端； 判断模块 205 , 用于当判断传输给第一终端的流 量与复制给第二终端的流量同步时， 通知传输模块 202停止将緩存的该媒体 内容的分片传输给第一终端， 同时通知复制模块 204 , 将该媒体内容的分片复 制给第一终端。
提供媒体内容的设备的实施例三
该实施例以 IP组播网络中的执行提供媒体内容的设备为例进行说明。该 实施例中的提供媒体内容的设备， 如图 11所示， 包括緩存模块 301 , 用于将 其接收的该媒体内容的分片进行緩存， 分片中的基础帧设置于所属分片的预 定位置； 传输模块 302 , 用于当接收到第一终端对该媒体内容的一分片的请求 时， 将緩存模块中该媒体内容的緩存中距离该分片最近的含有基础帧的分片 传输给第一终端。 该实施例还可以包括： 数据库 303 , 用于存储组播列表； 组 播模块 304 ,用于根据数据库 303中的组播列表将媒体内容的分片组播给已申 请获取该媒体内容的第二终端； 判断模块 305 , 用于当判断传输给第一终端的 流量与组播给第二终端的流量同步时， 通知传输模块 302停止将緩存的该媒 体内容的分片传输给第一终端， 同时通知组播模块 304 , 将该媒体内容的分片 组播给第一终端。
提供媒体内容的设备的实施例四
该实施例以 IP组播网络中的执行提供媒体内容的设备为例进行说明。该 实施例中的提供媒体内容的设备， 如图 12所示， 包括緩存模块 401 , 用于将 其接收的该媒体内容的分片进行緩存， 分片中的基础帧设置于所属分片的预 定位置； 传输模块 402 , 用于当接收到第一终端对该媒体内容的请求时， 读取 緩存模块 401 中緩存的该媒体内容的分片， 将緩存模块 401 中该媒体内容的 緩存中距离该分片最近的含有基础帧的分片传输给第一终端； 接收模块 403 , 用于接收指定设备发送的组播指令； 组播模块 404 , 用于根据接收模块所接收 的组播指令将媒体内容的分片组播给已申请获取该媒体内容的第二终端； 判 断模块 405 ,用于当判断传输给第一终端的流量与组播给第二终端的流量同步 时， 通知传输模块 402停止将緩存的该媒体内容的分片传输给第一终端， 同 时通知组播模块 404 , 将该媒体内容的分片组播给第一终端。
功能模块。
本发明所述的提供媒体内容的设备除了上述所描述的适用于 P2P 网络、
IP组播网络中的提供媒体内容的设备之外， 还包括执行本发明所述的提供媒 体内容的方法的其他提供媒体内容的设备。 同样本发明所述的提供媒体内容 的设备包括但不限于执行直播、 点播或时移等多种媒体内容播放形式的提供 媒体内容的方法的提供媒体内容的设备。
本发明的再一些实施例提供了一种提供媒体内容的系统， 如图 1 3所示， 包括： 依次连接的分片设备 1 00、 内容提供设备 200及第一终端 300 , 其中， 内容提供设备 200 为上述实施例中所描述的提供媒体内容的方法的提供媒体 内容的设备。 分片设备 1 00对媒体内容进行分片， 将基础帧设置于所属分片 的预定位置； 内容提供设备 200将其该媒体内容的分片进行緩存， 当接收到 第一终端 300对该媒体内容的请求时， 内容提供设备 200将该媒体内容的緩 存中距离该分片最近的含有基础帧的分片传输给第一终端 300。
该实施例中的分片设备可以为媒体源设备或独立于媒体源设备的用于分 片的设备。
最后应说明的是： 以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案， 而非对其 限制； 尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明， 本领域的普通技术 人员应当理解： 其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改， 或 者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换； 而这些修改或者替换， 并不使相应技 术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种媒体内容分片方法， 其特征在于， 包括： 对媒体内容进行分片， 将基础帧设置于所属分片的预定位置。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的媒体内容分片方法， 其特征在于， 所述基础帧 是进行媒体内容解码的起始帧。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的媒体内容分片方法， 其特征在于， 所述分片包 括至少一个基础帧或不包含基础帧， 当所述分片包含至少一个基础帧时， 所 述将基础帧设置于所属分片的预定位置包括将第一个基础帧设置于所属分片 的首帧。
4、 一种提供媒体内容的方法， 其特征在于， 包括：
对媒体内容进行分片， 将基础帧设置于所属分片的预定位置；
将该媒体内容的分片进行緩存；
当接收到第一终端对该媒体内容的一分片的请求时， 将该媒体内容的緩 存中距离该分片最近的含有基础帧的分片传输给第一终端。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的提供媒体内容的方法， 其特征在于， 所述基础 帧为进行媒体内容解码的起始帧。
6、 根据权利要求 4所述的提供媒体内容的方法， 其特征在于， 所述分片 包括至少一个基础帧或不包含基础帧， 当所述分片包含至少一个基础帧时， 所述将基础帧设置于所属分片的预定位置包括将第一个基础帧设置于所属分 片的首帧。
7、 根据权利要求 4所述的提供媒体内容的方法， 其特征在于， 所述对媒 体内容进行分片之后， 还包括： 将该媒体内容的分片复制 /组播给已申请获取 该媒体内容的第二终端。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的提供媒体内容的方法， 其特征在于， 将该媒体 内容的分片复制给已申请获取该媒体内容的第二终端具体为： 根据本地复制列表 /组播列表或来自指定设备的复制指令 /组播指令将该 媒体内容的分片复制给已申请获取该媒体内容的第二终端。
9、 根据权利要求 7所述的提供媒体内容的方法， 其特征在于， 所述方法 还包括， 当传输给第一终端的流量与复制 /组播给第二终端的流量同步时， 用 复制流 /组播流代替传输流向第一终端发送媒体内容。
1 0、 根据权利要求 4 所述的提供媒体内容的方法， 其特征在于， 将所述 媒体内容的多个分片进行緩存的同时或之前还包括： 按照原始分片顺序对所 述媒体内容的多个分片进行排序。
1 1、 一种提供媒体内容的设备， 其特征在于， 包括：
緩存模块， 用于緩存媒体内容的分片， 分片中的基础帧设置于所属分片 的预定位置；
传输模块， 用于当接收到第一终端对该媒体内容的一分片的请求时， 将 緩存模块中的该媒体内容的緩存中距离该分片最近的含有基础帧的分片传输 给第一终端。
12、 根据权利要求 11所述的设备， 其特征在于， 所述设备还包括： 复制 /组播模块， 用于将緩存模块緩存的媒体内容的分片复制 /组播给已 申请获取该媒体内容的第二终端。
1 3、 根据权利要求 11所述的设备， 其特征在于， 所述设备还包括： 数据库， 用于存储复制 /组播列表；
复制 /组播模块， 用于根据数据库中的复制 /组播列表将媒体内容的分片 复制 /组播给已申请获取该媒体内容的第二终端。
14、 根据权利要求 12或 1 3所述的设备， 其特征在于， 还包括： 判断模块， 当判断传输给第一终端的流量与复制 /组播给第二终端的流量 同步时， 通知传输模块停止将緩存的该媒体内容的分片传输给第一终端， 同 时通知复制 /组播模块， 将该媒体内容的分片复制 /组播给第一终端。
15、 一种提供媒体内容的系统， 包括： 分片设备、 内容提供设备及第一 终端， 其特征在于，
所述分片设备， 用于对媒体内容进行分片， 将基础帧设置于所属分片的 预定位置；
所述内容提供设备， 用于将该媒体内容的分片进行緩存， 当接收到第一 终端对该媒体内容的一分片的请求时， 将緩存模块中的该媒体内容的緩存中 距离该分片最近的含有基础帧的分片传输给第一终端。
16、根据权利要求 15所述的系统， 其特征在于， 所述内容提供设备包括： 緩存模块， 用于緩存媒体内容的分片；
传输模块， 用于当接收到第一终端对该媒体内容的一分片的请求时， 将 緩存模块中的该媒体内容的緩存中距离该分片最近的含有基础帧的分片传输 给第一终端。
PCT/CN2008/072327 2008-01-31 2008-09-11 媒体内容分片方法、提供媒体内容的方法、设备及系统 WO2009097716A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN200810057312.0 2008-01-31
CN200810057312.0A CN101500142A (zh) 2008-01-31 2008-01-31 媒体内容分片方法、提供媒体内容的方法、设备及系统

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009097716A1 true WO2009097716A1 (zh) 2009-08-13

Family

ID=40946990

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2008/072327 WO2009097716A1 (zh) 2008-01-31 2008-09-11 媒体内容分片方法、提供媒体内容的方法、设备及系统

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN101500142A (zh)
WO (1) WO2009097716A1 (zh)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018149177A1 (zh) * 2017-02-17 2018-08-23 华为技术有限公司 一种报文处理方法及装置
CN114630157A (zh) * 2022-03-21 2022-06-14 北京字节跳动网络技术有限公司 直播启播方法、设备及程序产品

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101958934B (zh) * 2010-09-21 2015-04-01 中兴通讯股份有限公司 一种电子节目指南增量内容同步方法、装置及系统
CN102196298A (zh) * 2011-05-19 2011-09-21 广东星海数字家庭产业技术研究院有限公司 一种分布式视频点播系统与方法
US9526091B2 (en) * 2012-03-16 2016-12-20 Intel Corporation Method and apparatus for coordination of self-optimization functions in a wireless network
CN103780921B (zh) * 2014-01-17 2017-05-24 上海聚力传媒技术有限公司 一种播放直播视频信息的方法和设备
CN109996095B (zh) * 2019-03-28 2023-02-24 湖南快乐阳光互动娱乐传媒有限公司 一种网络视频点播防止盗链播放的方法、系统及介质

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006066889A1 (en) * 2004-12-23 2006-06-29 Siemens S.P.A. Method and system to minimize the switching delay between two rtp multimedia streaming sessions
CN1817020A (zh) * 2003-07-04 2006-08-09 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 用于通过分布网络下载广播多媒体内容的方法和服务器
CN1976474A (zh) * 2005-11-02 2007-06-06 阿尔卡特公司 客户端节目标识转换
WO2007087356A2 (en) * 2006-01-25 2007-08-02 Terayon Communication System, Inc. System and method for conducting fast channel change for iptv
CN101026744A (zh) * 2007-03-30 2007-08-29 Ut斯达康通讯有限公司 分布式流媒体分发系统及流媒体内存缓冲及调度分发方法
CN101127898A (zh) * 2007-09-20 2008-02-20 Ut斯达康通讯有限公司 流媒体系统及其多媒体文件的切片存储和流服务方法

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1817020A (zh) * 2003-07-04 2006-08-09 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 用于通过分布网络下载广播多媒体内容的方法和服务器
WO2006066889A1 (en) * 2004-12-23 2006-06-29 Siemens S.P.A. Method and system to minimize the switching delay between two rtp multimedia streaming sessions
CN1976474A (zh) * 2005-11-02 2007-06-06 阿尔卡特公司 客户端节目标识转换
WO2007087356A2 (en) * 2006-01-25 2007-08-02 Terayon Communication System, Inc. System and method for conducting fast channel change for iptv
CN101026744A (zh) * 2007-03-30 2007-08-29 Ut斯达康通讯有限公司 分布式流媒体分发系统及流媒体内存缓冲及调度分发方法
CN101127898A (zh) * 2007-09-20 2008-02-20 Ut斯达康通讯有限公司 流媒体系统及其多媒体文件的切片存储和流服务方法

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018149177A1 (zh) * 2017-02-17 2018-08-23 华为技术有限公司 一种报文处理方法及装置
CN108462646A (zh) * 2017-02-17 2018-08-28 华为技术有限公司 一种报文处理方法及装置
CN108462646B (zh) * 2017-02-17 2020-08-25 华为技术有限公司 一种报文处理方法及装置
US11218572B2 (en) 2017-02-17 2022-01-04 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Packet processing based on latency sensitivity
CN114630157A (zh) * 2022-03-21 2022-06-14 北京字节跳动网络技术有限公司 直播启播方法、设备及程序产品

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101500142A (zh) 2009-08-05

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CA2965484C (en) Adaptive bitrate streaming latency reduction
US11477262B2 (en) Requesting multiple chunks from a network node on the basis of a single request message
JP6254208B2 (ja) シグナリング又はブロック生成を用いた拡張ブロック−要求ストリーミングシステム
CN112106375B (zh) 用于视频流式传输的差异媒体呈现描述
KR101410621B1 (ko) 비디오 스트리밍의 끊김없는 되감기 및 재생을 위한 서버측 지원
WO2009097716A1 (zh) 媒体内容分片方法、提供媒体内容的方法、设备及系统
KR101662843B1 (ko) 데이터 통신 망에서의 스트리밍 서비스 장치 및 방법
US20140032777A1 (en) Method, apparatus, and system for transmitting and processing media content
US9930408B2 (en) Live streaming circular buffer
CN110933517B (zh) 码率切换方法、客户端和计算机可读存储介质
WO2008151536A1 (fr) Procédé de traitement de données de communication en réseau, système de communication en réseau et extrémité client
WO2011153868A1 (zh) 频道切换方法、装置及系统
CN103843301A (zh) 经译码多媒体数据的网络串流期间的表示之间的切换
WO2009086784A1 (zh) 文件内容分发方法、装置及系统
KR101743228B1 (ko) 스트리밍 장치 및 그 방법, 이를 이용한 스트리밍 서비스 시스템 및 컴퓨터로 판독 가능한 기록매체
US10645463B2 (en) Efficient multicast ABR reception
WO2021143360A1 (zh) 资源传输方法及计算机设备
US8316148B2 (en) Method and apparatus for obtaining media over a communications network
WO2012083841A1 (zh) 频道切换方法、终端及系统
WO2010075705A1 (zh) 一种ip电视频道切换处理方法、装置和系统
Zeng et al. TVSR‐OR: Tile‐based 360‐degree video streaming over real time streaming protocol with optimized read
CN115643426B (zh) 一种面向空间应用领域的通用视频播放方法和系统
WO2011137681A1 (zh) Iptv系统中时移分片文件的归档及节目播放方法和设备
CN111193686B (zh) 媒体流的递送方法及服务器
WO2012094992A1 (zh) 一种实现数据获取的方法和系统

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 08800838

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 08800838

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1