WO2009092567A1

WO2009092567A1 - Pattern for camouflage motif on objects

Info

Publication number: WO2009092567A1
Application number: PCT/EP2009/000348
Authority: WO
Inventors: Florian Lenz
Original assignee: Florian Lenz
Priority date: 2008-01-21
Filing date: 2009-01-21
Publication date: 2009-07-30
Also published as: DE202009018499U1; EP2238404B1; DE102009005582A1; EP2238404A1; PL2238404T3; US20100330348A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a camouflage pattern having a polygonal pattern area for a camouflage motif for objects to be camouflaged, wherein the polygonal pattern area of the camouflage pattern has such dimensions that the polygonal pattern area substantially fully covers an object area of an object to be camouflaged. For this, the pattern area has a first side length, which has a substantial first expansion of the object to be camouflaged, and the pattern area has a second side length, which has a substantial second expansion of the object to be camouflaged. At least two adjacent property bands, which have predetermined widths and are aligned in a first identical running direction, are provided on the polygonal pattern area, wherein adjacent property bands alternately differ at least in the extent of a discernible property. To this end, the dimensions of the pattern area and the widths of the property bands are dimensioned such that only a maximum of three and in particular only two property bands extend with the full widths thereof on the pattern area.

Description

Camouflage scheme for camouflage on objects

Camouflage scheme for camouflage on objects such. Clothing, surfaces, buildings, land, air and water vehicles and their bodies.

There are already several camouflage patterns known. The document US Pat. No. 6,805,957 describes a tearing camouflage pattern system which can be used both for military and civilian applications. The system includes specialized techniques for printing the camouflage pattern system on the tissue. The system provides camouflage in both human visible light and near infrared. The system depends on a macrom pattern, which results in the repetition of a micropattern. The coloring includes at least four tones of inks, which in combination give a proportion of the reflection value comparable to that of the negative space surrounding the subject to be camouflaged. The system works by rupturing a macro-pattern of the subject's shape and fitting the micro-pattern of sharp-edged subunits to fit the background of the subject.

In principle, there are two known solution options, which all previous camouflage approaches follow in various forms.

The first known approach relates to mixed colors and color mixtures. The formation of a suitable for a specific tactical environment or a specific background mixed color, such as uni-colored suits or color mixture, which adjusts in impressionist manner with increasing distance from relatively small adjacent color areas, such as "MARPAT", "ARPAT" The aim of all these attempts is to achieve as inconspicuous a design as possible of all the signature features of the object to be camouflaged with respect to the background, so that the entire object disappears. that the object though in a relatively large surrounding area, albeit worse than unclouded objects, but can be seen in the whole area as a whole. A particularly striking example is ARPAT, which fits in everywhere, but nowhere properly the background.

All well-known suits, including "MARPAT" and high-contrast suits, such as "US-Woodland", "US-Tigerstripe", "Wehrmacht-Splintertarn" give a certain distance from a mixed color, although according to inventors z. For example, in "MARPAT" a figure-wracking macro pattern is incorporated, however, the incorporated color patches of the macro pattern do not appear to be larger than those of the Woodland pattern, which is larger than most hunting suits, whose details are only a few meters away a mass, such as Realtree ™ and Advantage ™, which makes a tell-tale figure visible, but still low (about 20 to 30 meters), which does not mean that there are no single spots on more than 20 to 30 meters In the case of all known suits, the proportions of color spots do not fit fluently from near to far, but only at a certain distance.

Most of the suits known so far are the decay of the character in the first samples of the US brand Predator ™. The problem with dissecting the figure only with sharply defined areas, such as US Woodland, Predator ™ or Wehrmacht plotted patterns, is that these areas are much more noticeable in motion than blurred or irregular / frayed areas, such as MARPAT. On the other hand, too strong contrast with large areas in itself is already conspicuous, since the room layout and the rhythm of the surfaces does not match that of the background. This effect is similar to a warning bark in traffic. In too blurred limited areas, z. B. by too little contrasting colors, in turn, the contrast between these surfaces after, which leads to a reduction in Gestaltzer- organization and towards the plain-colored suit, such as "BW Flecktarn" or "Mossy-Oak ™ pattern".

Another disadvantage of mixed colors is that, in principle, they work only on a flat surface. But since almost every object to be camouflaged, in particular the human figure, has volumes that are always too bright and too dark. Since these are then figure-congruent, this means e.g. the shoulder area is lightened by incident light unlike the area under which the darkened by the shadow, the figure is easier to recognize. One way is to work with several different patterns and incorporate them into the fit cut so that a counter shading similar to that of a shark is created to prevent a volume rendering of the figure. However, this would mean, firstly, greater effort and, secondly, more imperfect solutions, since man does not like z. B. a shark always in a position / attitude in the room remains, but different positions / attitudes in the room, z. As standing, abdominal / supine position, squatting, arms created / spread, occupies.

A second known approach is a specialized color combination. This means the most specialized adaptation to a specific background. Although this method, for which there are sufficient examples in the animal kingdom where specialized animals have adapted to specialized habitat, is capable of producing startling results, it is accompanied by a steady increase in local stability or locality. This is for most applications, in particular z. B. in camouflage area impractical because the user will not constantly change clothes due to the considerable effort and will carry many different suits with him. Because the backgrounds and thus properties change constantly, eg brown - green, light - dark, grass - leaves, etc., ie with this approach the object as a whole disappears perfectly, in another place it falls completely on The background changes not only klimazonen- or vegetation zone-dependent, but also depend on the viewing angle at a given location. The commonality between the two approaches is essentially that the objects, when they stand out from the background and thus become visible, become visible as a whole. This has two consequences, on the one hand, the whole surface of the object is visible. In this way, a larger area becomes visible in purely quantitative terms than if only a part of the object were visible. However, a larger area is more noticeable than a smaller area. The observer will also assess the distance, which is more relevant and more threatening for the target approach and, for example, at Wild for the threat experience and thus the escape behavior is essential. However, if he only saw a smaller area, this would be more difficult.

On the other hand, the viewer recognizes the shape and type of the object. Thus, he can assess the object in terms of type, movement, direction of movement and threat and thus react in a planned manner.

Previous patterns in the above-mentioned characteristics, such as brightness, color, saturation, pattern, structure and gloss, of the object background do not match or correspond insufficiently with the natural conditions. They do not dissolve the shape of the object, even if this is repeatedly claimed, but already at near distance produce mixed colors.

The object of the invention is to create a camouflage scheme for camouflage patterns for objects to be camouflaged, which can be used flexibly for different sized objects to be camouflaged. Preferably, any objects should be camouflaged, such as in particular clothing, surfaces, land, air and water vehicles. In particular, at least some of the disadvantages described above should be avoided and thus a much better camouflage be made possible.

This object is achieved by a camouflage scheme with the features of claim 1. Preferred developments are the subject of the dependent claims. Further preferred embodiments will be apparent from the embodiments.

The camouflage scheme according to the invention has a polygonal scheme surface for a camouflage pattern for objects to be camouflaged. In this case, the polygonal Schemafläche the camouflage scheme such dimensions that the polygonal Schemafläche a Ob¬ ektflache a camouflaged object substantially completely. For this purpose, the schema surface has a first side length, which comprises a substantial first extent of the object to be camouflaged. The schema surface has a second side length, which comprises a substantial second extent of the object to be camouflaged. In this case, at least two adjacent and aligned in a first same direction direction property bands are provided on the polygonal Schemaflache, which have predetermined widths. In this case, adjacent property bands differ alternately at least in the expression of a perceptible property. The dimensions of the schema surface and the widths of the property bands are dimensioned such that only a maximum of three, and in particular only two, property bands extend with their full width on the schema surface.

A camouflage pattern is formed by the camouflage scheme with its schematic surface being imaged or projected onto the surface or object surface of the object to be camouflaged. The object surface is preferably completely contained in the schematic surface. The camouflage scheme thus forms an instruction for the preparation of the sampling of the object to be camouflaged.

The camouflage scheme according to the invention has many advantages. A significant advantage is that the stealth scheme is independent of the size of the object to be camouflaged. The camouflage scheme for the creation of the camouflage pattern can be flexibly applied to different sized objects to be camouflaged, with an excellent camouflage effect being achieved for very different object sizes. The stealth scheme of the stealth scheme is adjusted to the object size.

The first side length of the schema surface corresponds in particular to a first extent of the object to be camouflaged, for example the length or height or width. In a vehicle, the first extent of the object to be camouflaged corresponds, for example, to the length of the body. The first side length of the schema surface of the maximum extent m preferably corresponds to one direction. But it is also possible that the first page length of the Schemafläche the length of the tub an armored vehicle and not the total length including gun barrel.

Preferably, the Schemafläche is formed as a quadrilateral and in particular as Recnteck. In particular, the first direction or first running direction runs along a side edge or a diagonal of the schema surface. Advantageously, the side lengths of the quadrilateral each correspond to a substantial dimension and in particular to a height or width or length of the object to be camouflaged.

In preferred developments, diagonals extending through the center of the quadrilateral and / or spaced apart from it by the side-length centers are provided approximately parallel straight lines which thus form at least two adjacent and in particular approximately parallel property bands.

In particular, the quadrangle has at least one straight line running approximately parallel to the side edges through the side-length centers and thus forms at least two approximately parallel property bands. The approximately parallel property bands can in particular be displaced approximately parallel to this straight line and / or this diagonal.

The diagonals and / or lines can serve as boundary lines of the property bands. The boundary lines of the property bands can be continuous or interrupted, rich in contrast or designed as a smooth transition. In particular, the property bands are irregular or regularly limited.

Preferably, the perceivable property of at least one property band is an optical property of the schema area, wherein the optical property may be, in particular, a pattern, a saturation, a gloss, a color, a brightness and / or a structure. Preferably, two adjacent property bands are each in two different degrees of brightness and / or color and / or saturation and / or pattern and / or structure and / or gloss pronounced. Within each individual band of properties, the perceptible property is preferably varied within predefined limits, wherein the mean value averaged over one property band in each case differs significantly from the mean value of the adjacent property band. In preferred embodiments, the difference is at least 10%, in particular at least 20%, and preferably at least 50%. The concrete difference depends on the particular application.

In all embodiments, preferably one property of the camouflage pattern surface is 40 to 60% in one embodiment and 60 to 40% in another embodiment, with an approximately half-division being particularly preferred.

In particular, the property bands running in a first same running direction are cut by at least one characteristic band extending in a second running direction, so that at least one perceptible property of the associated property band is changed periodically, in particular along the running direction of each property band, wherein at least one different one in particular in two directly adjacent property bands perceptible property is changed periodically.

The property bands and the property bands of different property preferably intersect, and the property bands and the property bands of the same property but different characteristics run in particular approximately parallel.

The first running direction and the second running direction intersect in particular at an angle between 15 ° and 165 °, preferably at an angle between 45 ° and 135 ° and particularly preferably at an angle between 75 ° and 105 °. In particular embodiments, the angle may be vertical.

In all embodiments, the respective widths of adjacent property bands are comparable. In particular, the widths of two adjacent property bands differ by less than 25% from one another. In all cases, the property bands are in particular arbitrarily combinable and superimposable.

Preferably, at least two property bands are at least partially sharply delimited from one another. It is also possible, udtofa at least two bands of properties at least partially fluently merge into each other

The camouflage scheme is transferable to existing camouflage patterns and / or integrable into existing camouflage patterns so that they are significantly improved, e.g. a uniform character for the identification of the carrier remains. The camouflage pattern runs in particular substantially without interruptions endlessly on the surface of the object to be camouflaged.

In particular, the overlaying of property bands with intersecting property bands creates zones that represent intersections of the property bands. These zones are each subdivided into subzones by intersecting parallel subbands. Zones and subzones are designed according to a specific scheme: each resulting zone can be considered as an object surface to which the camouflage scheme described above is applied, resulting in a fractal-like interleaving that gives a continuous camouflage effect over many distances. In this case, the subzones can analogously be subdivided into sub-subzones in order to achieve any fractal-like interleaving.

Preferably, the camouflage scheme is for further processing surfaces, such as textile surfaces, camouflage netting, tarpaulins, prefabricated components, wherein the structures of the schema surface, such as parallel property bands, boundary lines, zones and subzones are preferably interrupted at no point in the camouflage pattern when cutting or processing the surface so that the superordinate stealth scheme is preserved.

The height of the pattern is in particular between 80 cm to 2.5 m and the width between 60 cm to 2 m. In all embodiments, the object surface may be arbitrarily shaped. Also claimed is a camouflage pattern with a camouflage scheme described above for an object to be camouflaged. In particular, the camouflage pattern may also be composed and consist of at least two times

With the invention is achieved in the specified application that a camouflage pattern for surfaces, land, air and water vehicles and camouflage clothing is created, with a deterioration of the optical and the technically assisted perception is achieved by the observer, which is particularly for applications in the In addition, due to the optical Qualltaten a use in the fashion and leisure sector and the film industry is conceivable

The invention can be described as a principle for the generation of camouflage patterns that unlike all other previously existing camouflage no mixed color or mixed brightness, etc., but always the observer to an A (invisible) or B (visible) decision forces the fact that the Ob ] ektflache] to approximately 50% m large zones of the representation of background properties is structured, the figure decays in front of almost every possible location and almost every possible viewing angle of the camouflaged object for which the pattern was designed in visible and invisible areas The areas ( B), which remain as visible, are indeed seen, ie taken as a visual stimulus, but not consciously perceived, recognized or evaluated, since they are misunderstood as part of nature, for example as a tree stump and thus seem to be subjectively meaningless and uninteresting. This allows a viewer to perceive the pattern made according to the principle described here significantly worse than all previously known camouflage patterns.

This is achieved by the relativity of the conspicuousness In front of a defined background surface with defined characteristics in certain properties, two equally sized and identically shaped surfaces fall side by side against this background surface the one more that deviates more in the background properties from the common background area than the other. Attention is always focused on the more conspicuous area first. The other surface recedes in perception relative to it. The important thing is the relative difference. The effect occurs when, in front of a black area, a light gray area that is more conspicuous relative to black and a dark gray area that is relatively inconspicuous to black are placed. However, the same happens analogously with gradual color differences. The point is not that the background properties in the foreground placed surface are perfectly hit, but that in both of the surfaces placed against the background for comparison is more similar to the background. In other words, you can not only make a flat disappear if you make it as inconspicuous as possible, but also if you set a more conspicuous next to it.

This effect is utilized in the invention. The surface to be camouflaged is designed so that each of the background properties m are approximately 50% of the surface camouflaged m of a first characteristic of a background property and approximately 50% in a second opposite characteristic of the property. This means for a suit for overgrown terrain a distribution of about 50% light - 50% dark, 50% brown - 50% green, 50% stroke - 50% stain. It is particularly important to ensure that these zones do not coincide, so light = brown and dark = green, but that in turn 50% of the light area are brown and 50% green and also for the dark and the barley / stain structure , This is achieved in particular by intersecting property bands. In a further development, a first portion may have a very extreme first expression and a second, in particular equal, portion may have a second extreme expression, which is exactly diametrically opposite to the first expression z B. So far, however, an area to be camouflaged has been 100% in a medium degree a background feature.

As a rule, the bands run brown and green parallel as irregular ribbons The bands light and dark also run as parallel, irregular bands, however, cut the brown and green bands so that four bands intersect, creating bright green, light brown, dark green and dark brown zones. For example, the area between the stroke and the spot is drawn along one of the boundary lines between brown and green. For example, the boundary line "Contrast" runs along the one boundary line between light and dark, for example, the boundary line "transition" runs along the other boundary line between light and dark. The zones are also irregularly limited, so that the observation of movements is difficult.

Particularly striking are long parallelograms, such as "extremities, which are therefore divided in the procedure described in smaller areas without spatial direction, a disc as an extreme example of a lack of spatial eye guidance does not get a direction in space, compared to the rectangle, which if "Lies" a direction in the room gets. The mentioned areas of the pattern are distributed so that the figure in each position and position is no longer recognizable as such.

The principle of the zones begins in the large pattern areas and can continue in the form of a fractal down to the smallest areas of the pattern. In addition, nesting at any distance in the background is possible by nesting into a fractal-like pattern based on zone size. This is how some green bushes look like dark spots on the horizon in the distance. At closer distance you can see shadows and leaf fronds. At next distance leaves and branches. This is reflected in the pattern again.

This procedure also defines the manner of the surface treatment regulation by the camouflage scheme analogous to a mathematical equation itself. It grows with the size of the object to be camouflaged. So it is applicable to both bags and camouflage suits as well as tanks, aircraft and ships.

The object to be camouflaged is not treated according to symmetry axes, but after the large object surfaces of the object body of the object. These are the large geometrical bases from which the figure is composed from different angles. Using the example of the human figure, the large object bodies and thus the visible object surfaces of the head, trunk and the four extremities are formed. For the tank it would be from the side view of the hull tub with chassis, the side view of the tower and the tube. Because of the shape instability in moving in to objects, as in humans, although symmetry axes of the anatomy ^'fixable ago, but not in the occupied virtually attitude that is usually seen as an area asymmetrically and also varies from moment to moment.

For this reason, the reduction of the surfaces of an object to be camouflaged takes place in the surfaces which are substantially movable relative to one another but are locally stable, relative to the position in the overall object. For example, in humans this means arms, legs, torso and head, but not e.g. Foot or lower thigh. In the tank, however, only the tower and the pipe against the tub and the chassis is movable. Therefore, it consists in the side view only of 3 mutually movable, but stable place: pipe, tower, chassis with tub. A ship has essentially only one side surface, as well as an aircraft. Nonetheless, the fractal-like structure of the pattern leads to a further subdivision of the individual smaller object parts. For example, a turret lying in the dark field of a ship's startling is also broken down into its individual areas, and treated according to the 50% rule as described above. Thus, he not only falls apart against the background of the sea, but also the entire ship. Overall, however, it remains dark and thus assigned to the parent dark field.

How far the effort in this fractal-like approach is driven, depends on the desired possible proximity to the viewer, to which the object should be disguised for this.

The stealth scheme for a camouflage pattern may be so pronounced that vertical and / or horizontal property bands are used. This can be used as a so-called urban pattern in urban environment as a camouflage pattern, since it is mainly vertical and horizontal and in addition to the existing pattern in an angle given, given by the shape of the building, such. As house edges, windows or doors.

In another embodiment, by dividing the surface area into pairs of approximately parallel property bands that intersect and overlap at an angle between greater than zero and less than 90 °, very good stealth properties are achieved.

In further developments, the property bands may be e.g. be shifted parallel to the diagonal or straight line. As a result, variants of camouflage designs are achieved.

Furthermore, it is possible to arbitrarily combine or overlay pairs of the property bands. This also serves to further improve the camouflage z. B. in the forest pattern.

The boundary lines between the property band pairs may be used as a special case as a contrast line, e.g. In the city and forest pattern and / or alternately as a smooth transition e.g. designed in meadow, desert, urban and forest patterns. This also serves to improve camouflage.

The inventive camouflage scheme may preferably also be transferable to existing camouflage patterns or be integrated therein. Thus, existing patterns can be used in their language of forms and colors. The recognition effect or the identification possibility z. B. in uniforms is thus preserved.

According to a preferred embodiment, the camouflage scheme is applicable to the entire electromagnetic wave spectrum and can thus also be applied to objects with heat radiation or to other non-visible radiation or radio waves and in the UV range. Because even here are different property zones of the background, eg. B. the temperature of the background recognizable. So z. As stones, coniferous forest, water, metal and the sky, etc. in their radiation and reflection behavior. Advantageously, the camouflage scheme or camouflage pattern is designed so that it runs without interruption endlessly on the surface of the object to be camouflaged and thus z. B. also continues to object edges or other areal bends. Different viewing angles on the object to be camouflaged thus play no role. The pattern should not be interrupted so that the fractal-like structure and outline can act in property bands and zones.

In a further development, a fractal-like interleaving and thus a continuous camouflage effect is achieved over particularly widely differing distances by dividing intersecting parallel pairs of property bands into subzones. These sub-zones can analogously be subdivided into sub-sub-zones and so on.

According to a preferred development, the camouflage scheme designed camouflage pattern for further processing surfaces, such as textile surfaces, camouflage netting, tarpaulins, prefabricated components. The structures of the camouflage pattern, such as parallel property bands, boundary lines, zones and subzones, are not broken at any point in the camouflage pattern scheme. This preserves the overall camouflage scheme when cutting or processing the surface.

Advantageously, the concrete height and width of the pattern for a camouflage suit is given by default values. To avoid interruptions seams, pockets, closures, etc. are largely avoided.

Several embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and will be described in more detail below. Show it:

Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a camouflage pattern on a

Airplane with the representation of the bands and auxiliary lines to

Explanation of the scheme, Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a camouflage pattern on a

Tank in top view with the representation of the bands and

Guides to explain the scheme, 3 is a schematic representation of a camouflage pattern on a tank in front view with the representation of the bands and auxiliary lines for explaining the scheme,

4 shows the schematic representation of a camouflage pattern on a fanzer in rear view with the representation of the bands and auxiliary lines for explaining the scheme,

5 is a schematic representation of a camouflage pattern on a tank in side view from the left with the representation of the bands and auxiliary lines for explaining the scheme,

Fig. 6 is a schematic representation of a camouflage pattern on a

Tank in side view from the right with the representation of the bands and auxiliary lines to explain the scheme,

Fig. 7 is a schematic representation of a camouflage pattern on a

Ship m side view showing the bands and guides to explain the scheme,

8 is a schematic representation of a limited camouflage pattern applied to the essential basic shape of the vehicle, namely the tower and underbody with chassis, on a tank m side view from the left with the representation of the bands and auxiliary lines for explaining the scheme,

9 is a schematic representation of a camouflage pattern on a helicopter m front view with the representation of the bands and auxiliary lines to explain the scheme,

Fig. 10 is a schematic representation of an assembled

Camouflage pattern on a camouflage clothing in front view only with the representation of the bands light / dark to explain the scheme, whereby hood, jacket and pants each form individual camouflage patterns,

11 is a schematic representation of a camouflage pattern on a square surface with the representation of diagonal bands combined properties and with auxiliary lines to explain the scheme,

12 is a schematic representation of a camouflage pattern on a square surface with the representation of diagonal and vertical bands and with auxiliary lines for explaining the scheme,

13 is a schematic representation of a camouflage pattern on a square surface with the representation of diagonal, parallel property bands of different characteristics of a property intersected with parallel property bands of different characteristics of another property with auxiliary lines to explain the scheme,

14 is a schematic and fragmentary view of the fractal-like structure of the camouflage pattern,

Fig. 15 shows the basic warning scheme in a concrete

Embodiment as a continuous and repetitive camouflage pattern for z. B. textile application with thereby clearly becoming pattern repetition,

Fig. 16 shows a color mixture, arising from the high-frequency

Juxtaposition of tonal values exemplarily in black and white, with an object in front of a black and white background,

17 shows a mixed color, with a tone value over the entire figure, mixed in gray from black and white, against a black or white background,

Fig. 18 each an exemplary darker gray figure and a lighter gray figure against a black background with different perception and

Fig. 19 shows an object in specialized camouflage, completely invisible against a background and completely visible against another background.

20 is a schematic representation of a camouflage pattern on a square surface with the representation of diagonal bands with auxiliary lines to explain the scheme with a shifted band (shown in phantom),

21 is a schematic representation of a camouflage pattern on a square surface with the representation of vertically extending bands and with auxiliary lines for explaining the scheme with a shifted band (shown in dashed lines),

22 the camouflage pattern "city pattern" or "construction",

FIG. 23 the camouflage pattern "forest pattern" or "wood",

Fig. 24 the camouflage pattern "meadow pattern" or "Piain" and

Fig. 25 the camouflage pattern "Desert" or "Desert". Objects are either not seen when merging with the background (= camouflage), there is no distinction between object and background, or are always seen in front of a background. The results reported by O ~ Neill et al. in the US-PS 6805957 related terms such as "positive" and "negative space" are doubtful, since they are arbitrary definitions and no natural conditions. For example, the distance between two trees (= "positive space in the sense of the above definition") may be empty (= "negative"), but from a distance of 30 m, for example, the area is often with smaller trunks , Branches, leaves, etc. filled, which would be again "positive space" in the above sense.Each object of the figure background, eg a tree, can thus be depending on the distance of the observer always in an infinite number of sub-objects (from far to near dark spot, then tree, then leaf fronds, then leaves and branches, then bark, leaf veins, leaf stiggers, etc.) The claim of the camouflage system according to the invention is not limited to a distance, but on the contrary can be used fluently in all distances The concept of "positive and negative space" does not appear to be consistent and logical in itself, and thus at best has partial validity. On the other hand, it seems logical to describe the properties of the background as flat.

On the one hand, because another possibility of imaging on a surface, and thus two-dimensional, for example, a suit, which is anyway always an area that covers a body, or eg a vehicle as object to be camouflaged is not possible. This also applies to "Ghillie suits" These are special camouflage suits, especially of snipers, consisting of camouflage nets with inserted additional materials, such as sackcloths or twigs, and they are all from a small distance, for example, about 20 m to 30 m as one The essence of camouflage is that it represents something else on the surface than actually exists in the object, but in other words, that the object does not consist of the same materials and structures as the object The background would then be essentially superimposed on a camouflage of the surface, but it is important to look at the object through the design of the surface like the background, whether it's made of the same material as the background or not. Examples from the animal kingdom for the "Ghillie Suit" similar camouflage are for example certain crabs, on whose body algae grow or flies, which build tubes from 5Leinchen from the environment.

On the other hand, because imaging on the human retina always produces a two-dimensional image that is ultimately resolved by the brain into a three-dimensional image through binocular vision. At this point, many optical illusions are possible. Also, when viewed through a scope or image on the screen of a thermal imager / night vision device etc. due to the lack of binocular direct object and background vision (a scope is usually seen with an eye and a screen is again an area) spatial vision is not given.

In summary, when capturing the signals as visible light, infrared, UV, etc. in a utilization chain (eye / brain, image processing / optical aids) ultimately always a two-dimensional image per eye from which then a three-dimensional image is formed in the brain, for evaluation , The decisive factor here is that it is irrelevant at this point whether the captured signals emanate from a three-dimensional object or a two-dimensional patterned object or a structured surface: a two-dimensional image is created.

The subject (= observer) thus sees the object and the background as surfaces. Therefore, a conception and description of object and background as surfaces is necessary. Conspicuous differences between the object and the background in the signal characteristics essential to the signal conception, in the following abbreviated terms, are striking. Features such as Smell, taste, noise should therefore stay out here.

Hereinafter, the optical appearance characteristics will be described by the example of the background. To camouflage is the communication between the object and the receiver and the perceptible features, in this case the surface of the object to be camouflaged, must be such that in as many of these features they coincide with those of the background and obscure the essence of the object.

The background can be described as an area described by the following listed features. These can be understood as an expression between two extremes. The most extreme cases are: a signal hits the receiver and no signal hits the receiver. The characteristic values are usually present in flowing transitions. For the effect described below, what has just been described is elementary. In the parentheses are examples in which these features occur in nature:

1. light - dark (shadow, light, backlight),

2. Colored spectrum (for example, from brown to green using the camouflage suit for overgrown terrain). Simplistically, this area is so designated as to characterize the extra phrases more clearly. Brown shades therefore close in this application e.g. Shades of gray, yellows and reds. Other backgrounds such as a cold desert or heat desert understandably have other color extremes,

3. Patterns - Even if in the end everything can be put together mathematically from points, yet in human, macroscopic intuition this distinction is given: Stain stain,

4. contrast; there can be contrasts or transitions between the color areas,

5. saturated (juicy leaves, wet foliage) and unsaturated

(dry branches, dry leaves) colors,

6. (but very subjective) warm colors, eg. Autumn leaves - cold colors, e.g. fresh foliage,

7. shiny colors, z. B. wet leaves - matte colors, z. Dry bark,

8. non-visible rays (eg -UV, heat, infrared, radio waves). The importance determined by the practical relevance to the application decreases as the number increases. Point 8 is an exception to this because it is becoming increasingly important in the modern battlefield. For the practical application in the field of Tarnaiuiige the first five points are essential, the first two points are essential: chiaroscuro and colors are perceptible at greater distances than the structure. Point six is very subjective and therefore difficult to use for practical relevance. For point seven, for example, at sea, reflections of the sea surface, special applications are conceivable.

It is important in all respects that, with as little use of camouflage as possible, colors printed in the example here, the entire background property space in question must be covered. This is not only important for cost minimization, but above all because the selectivity of the perception is to be deceived by the 50% rule. In this 50% rule, in each of the background properties, approximately 50% of the surface to be camouflaged is as extreme as one pole of a background property and not, as hitherto, an average color of the property and approximately 50% in the diametrically opposite characteristic of the property , This means for a suit for overgrown terrain a distribution 50% light - 50% dark, 50% brown - 50% green, 50% stroke - 50% stain. Care must be taken to ensure that these zones do not coincide, ie light = brown and dark = green, but that in turn 50% of the light area is brown and 50% green, as well as the dark and the barley / stain structure. The use of as few properties as possible is important because, for example, too many similar shades of brown, one of which, however, better matches the properties of the background than the others are used, the latter are noticeable (= relativity of conspicuousness).

The object or object visible from the background, in other words the object to be camouflaged, may be classified in terms of its mobility 1. stationary and lazy and dimensionally stable objects, such as Jägerstände, bunkers, etc.

2. spatially stable (= movable) but lazily and dimensionally stable objects, e.g. Ships, vehicles in which e.g. the top is always up and the bottom is always down.

3. Locally, positionally and formally unstable objects, such as humans, animals, movable / deformable objects, such as e.g. Parachutes.

The objects listed under 1. can in principle be perfectly adapted to the respective specific background in all characteristics and from all points of view, among other things by structural measures (for example planting) the form / structure / the material can be adapted.

For moving objects (2nd and 3rd) shape / structure / material is derived from the function (eg stealth bomber, Schwenkturm of the tank and its washability of ABC fabrics, bow and arrow of the hunter) and can usually not without loss of function and mobility limitations, in form / structure / material camouflaged. In particular, in camouflage suits unlike so-called Ghillie suits, which allow a very large structural adjustment to the environment, but, for. With reduced mobility, increased weight and increased noise level as well as often reduced personal vision and hearing perception, this becomes clear by way of example.

However, a camouflage pattern allows for 100% agility, is cheap, and relatively easy to manufacture compared to more elaborate methods, e.g. to "Ghillie suits", radiation source installation, such as LED's, nanotechnology, attaching water jets to create water curtains on ships to match the radiation of the object to that of the background.

Moreover, and this is essential, moving objects are always in front of changing backgrounds. Among other things, this change depends on the time of day and year, the angle of observation, eg from above, from the side or from below, the observer distance (change of proportions and structures, eg looks from At a distance of 100 m, a tree looks like a green area, from 20 m distance you can see gray branches, dark shadows and green leaves in this green area, etc., local zones that lie side by side in the observer 's field of vision, and changes of environment (forest edge, Coniferous forest, deciduous forest, sandy / vegetated soil, as a meadow, in front of / next to a tree). These changes, and this in turn is essential, do not occur, as often suggested in generalizing terms, only between different "tactical environments" (eg, "woodland", "urban", "desert"), but to a very large extent within them. This goes so far that in some places, such as dried grass, bank embankments, etc. in temperate latitudes desert-like color spaces arise and directly adjacent to it, for example, a green lawn.

In addition, it is not permissible to assume symmetry axes. In self-moving objects, such as e.g. Humans, the human being rarely stands symmetrically. When considering man as a two-dimensional surface in front of a two-dimensional background surface, it is generally given an asymmetrical two-dimensional visual surface in the movement / dynamics. The same is usually true for non-moving objects (eg vehicles, ships), which are viewed asymmetrically as viewed through the viewing angle. Nevertheless, man is symmetrical in his macroscopic anatomy, albeit in the image that the viewer knows, not in the attitude / situation that he actually sees at the moment.

An object is 100% invisible only if it matches 100% of the background optical appearance. This only works if there is a constantly changing adaptation and the object itself has no volume. Since this is purely practical by invariably designed surface refinement, but possibly by automatic radiation emission or active stealth techniques, not feasible, remained so far in the field of passive stealth techniques only the way of color mixing, but has the above-mentioned shortcomings.

The invention goes a different way:

Because of the above, it is logical that the observer anyway always sees the object purely optically (unconscious process). The only question is how much and how he sees it, and whether that is enough to draw his attention (consciousness) to the object. For the right recognition first requires purely optical perception and then selective and concentrated attention and then evaluation / decision. The purely visual appearance (optical signals hit the retina) is not a problem for the object.

Attention is particularly attracted when:

- a large area is seen,

a regularly shaped surface (above all a parallelogram, for example in the case of trouser legs) appears,

- clearly identifiable areas, especially fast moving.

Essential is another circumstance: the relativity of the conspicuousness.

In front of a defined background surface with defined characteristics in the above-mentioned properties of two equal and equally shaped surfaces next to each other in front of this background surface is the one that deviates more in the background properties of the common background area than the other. Attention is always focused on the more conspicuous area first. The other surface recedes in attention relative to it.

The important thing is the relative difference. For example, the effect occurs when a light gray (more prominent) and a dark gray (inconspicuous) surface are placed in front of a black area, see Figure 18. However, the same happens analogously for gradual color differences: for example, when facing a monochrome blue-purple-green area a monochrome blue-turquoise-green (unobtrusive) surface and a monochrome yellow-green (more conspicuous) surface are placed. So the whole point is not that the background properties in the foregrounded area are hit perfectly, but that it is more similar to the background in two faces placed against the background for comparison. In other words, you can not just make an area disappear, though they are designed as inconspicuously as possible, but also, if one sets aside a more conspicuous. This effect is utilized in the present invention.

The colorant surface 1 is designed in such a way that in each of the background properties (see above) approximately 50% of the surface to be camouflaged is designed in as extreme an expression as possible of the background property and approximately 50% in exactly diametrically opposite characteristics. For example, for a suit for overgrown terrain: 50% light - 50% dark, 50% brown - 50% green. In this case, a light property band 2 a and a dark property band 2 b, a brown property band 3 a and a green property band 3 b are provided. It should be noted that these property bands 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b do not coincide, e.g. light = brown and dark = green, but that again 50% of the light area is brown and 50% green, analogous to the dark and the streak / stain structure. This is achieved by superposition of the property bands 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b in such a way that intersections, so-called zones, are formed.

Furthermore, the property bands 3a and 3b run brown and green in parallel as irregular ribbons. The property bands 2a and 2b light and dark also run as parallel irregular property bands 2a and 2b, but turned at an angle to brown / green, so that these four property bands 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b intersect and overlap and thereby light green, light brown, dark green and dark brown spots are created, the so-called zones. In this case, in the application example, the boundary line is formed spot-shaped on the one boundary line between brown and green. The next boundary line between brown and green is then formed by lines The boundary line "contrast" runs along the one boundary line between light and dark The boundary line "transition" runs on the other boundary line between light and dark. The property bands 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b are further limited irregularly, so that the observation of movements is difficult.

Particularly striking are long parallelograms (especially extremities), which consequently in the procedure described in smaller areas without spatial direction (quadrilaterals, better disc as an extreme example of a lack of spatial eye guidance compared to eg the rectangle, which, if it "lies" a direction in space gets distributed) each position and situation is no longer recognizable as such.

The principle of the property bands 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b begins in the large pattern areas (eg "light / dark") and continues in the sense of a fractal to m the smallest areas of the pattern (eg individual illustrated branches / leaves) by nesting into a fractal-like pattern, based on the zone size, it is possible to adapt to any distance in the background, for example over the long distance some green bushes appear as dark patches on the horizon, closer to the distance you can see the shadows and leaf fronds Leaves and branches This is reflected in the pattern.

This procedure also defines the manner of the surface treatment specification analogously to a mathematical equation itself. It grows with the size of the object to be camouflaged. So it is applicable to both bags and camouflage suits as well as tanks, aircraft and ships.

The object to be camouflaged is not treated according to symmetry axes, but according to the essential object surfaces of the essential parts of the object. These are the large geometrical bases that make up the object surface from a viewing angle. Using the example of the human figure, the large object surfaces of head, trunk and four extremities are created. In the case of the tank, for example, in the side view, the hull tub with chassis, the side view of the tower and the pipe would be. Due to the dimensional stability of moving objects, for example humans, symmetry axes can be determined from the anatomical point of view, but not the practically assumed posture, which is usually asymmetrical as a surface and also changes from moment to moment. For this reason, the reduction of the surfaces of an object to be camouflaged into the surfaces takes place, which are essentially mobile relative to one another, yet stable in position (relative to the position in the overall object) (object surfaces). That means, for example, in humans arms, legs, trunk and head but not eg foot or lower thigh. In the tank, however, only the tower and the pipe against the tub and the chassis is movable. Therefore, in the side view, it consists of only three mutually movable, but still stable areas: pipe, tower, chassis with tub. A ship has essentially only one side surface, as well as an aircraft. Nonetheless, the fractal-like structure of the pattern leads to a further subdivision of the individual smaller object parts. For example, a turret lying in the dark field of a ship's startling is also broken down into its individual areas, and treated according to the 50% rule as described above, thus not only falling apart against the background of the sea / sky, but also of the entire ship. Overall, however, it remains dark and thus assigned to the parent dark field.

The size of the pattern repeat depends on the object to be camouflaged. This is best achieved if the 50% rule described above applies to almost all of these surfaces, eg 50% of the leg light brown, 50% dark brown and 50% light green and 50% dark green, so that in the object are large zones of contrasting background properties occur. Previous suits are always fragmented, so that a lot of spots the same property expression occur on each of the designated individual areas of the figure. As a result, the following occurs, for example, against a dark background: the bright spots become visible, the dark ones recede in comparison. In a conventional suit, for example, on the entire leg in eg 5 cm distance light brown spots can be seen. Thus, the leg against the dark background as a leg in its entirety is virtually marked as a warning bark, as occur at regular intervals many similar visual stimuli, resulting in a contour line, there so the similarly designed visual stimulus triggers are seen as one unit, especially when they are moving in the same direction.

By contrast, in the present invention, e.g. only the lower leg shaking as bright, but the thigh retreats. The leg as a whole is not recognizable as a leg, but only a bright spot (lower leg). However, as light spots always appear even in dark areas, it can also be a slight stain. sunlit snag acting. But since this does not belong to a human figure but is natural and therefore not threatening, it does not enter consciousness. Another example is a "brown branch" in front of a "green bush" or "green vegetation" on a "brown forest floor". In contrast, an olive (as a name for the mixture of brown and green, as is the case with conventional suits) leg in front of a green bush would be just as noticeable as in front of a brown hardwood floor.

Also important are the size ratios of the individual areas and the spatial arrangement of the individual areas.

The spatial arrangement must match the surrounding structure. In addition, it must be inconspicuous in any position / attitude (standing, lying, crouching, abdominal / back position) and from any observation angle on the background. Furthermore, the pattern repeat must be guaranteed. In addition, the area to be printed should be divided into the largest possible individual areas.

For the overgrown environment, for example, has to implement these requirements, an approximately 45 degrees to z. B. human body longitudinal axis inclined arrangement proven. No matter how the cut of the suit is made and at what position (posture, standing, lying) the wearer is, the zone boundaries of the environment and their perspective distortion adapt. In the urban environment, on the other hand, parallel lines were partially incorporated to the main axis of the body. However, right angles are avoided in order to create a spatial-perspective impression and because they hardly occur in nature and also in the city, if one regards their depiction as a flat perspective to attract the viewer's attention. In predominantly horizontally structured environments (desert / sea), the proper shaping was carried out by the self-described object adaptation of the pattern until it covers the side view of the ship, for example.

The property band boundaries are also held in a line approximately 50% as transition and 50% as contrast, since both contrasts and transitions occur in nature. Previous suits form either contrast only for a given distance from the viewer

(eg WKII Splintertarn, US "woodland", Predator ™) or transition

(BW Flecktarn, MARPAT, CADPAT, ARPAT).

The actual pattern, whether leaves, grasses or spots or abstract shapes, such as. Pixels are of minor importance. The exact recognition of these structures in detail is possible only at very close distance. In this area, however, already e.g. To recognize buttons, which are consequently avoided in the exemplary embodiment of the application of the invention as a camouflage suit here exemplified. On the other hand, the spatial proportions of the areas are important. These must be in their rhythm with those of the background to match and that is fractal-like adapting to increasing / decreasing distances. This is for example the Woodland suit or Splinter suit or BW-Flecktarn not given. In this sense, the division of the surfaces of the pattern in dash and dot-shaped color spots to understand.

An advantage of this actual pattern independence remains that it can be integrated into existing camouflage patterns and thus significantly improved. This is important, for example, for preserving the "corporate identity" of, for example, an army based on its uniforms, but also for the police, recreational teams, etc. But also for fashionable applications, eg pattern of logotypes, Schottenkaros, is such an approach In addition, this can save costs, and integrating means that the design language of the previous pattern is adopted, but rearranged according to the principles named in the invention.

The type of pattern, that is, e.g. Leaves or gravel is important in providing absolute perfection in camouflage for the ultralight distance, below about 10 m, and / or specialization, e.g. City suit for anti-terrorism wishes. In a suit for predominantly overgrown terrain (jungle, temperate latitudes, such as Central Europe) with eight background poles (light-dark, brown-green, stain-stroke, contrast transition) are therefore at least four colors (light / dark brown and Light / dark green) necessary to ensure such a structure. Em actual embodiment has eight colors, as can be higher contrasts between the individual colors and thus better structuring and at the same time tune transitions. The eight colors have been worked out over years of work from the natural colors worldwide and have proven to be a balanced mixture (not too many and not too few):

Light: green lightest, sand

Medium: green medium, deciduous medium dark. cow gray, Dark: green dark, Very dark: brown dark Dark: black

In a suit for predominantly uncultivated terrain (snow / heat / water / sky "desert") has the use of more Flimmeretfekt, so more smaller areas with more blurred by the flicker borders, so less hard transitions between the This means that the suit is made specifically for vegetation zones, ie for Central Europe or for the desert or the jungle or high alpine or polar regions. This means that the permanent change of clothes is not necessary, as in the case of a change from brown to green or oak to coniferous forest, as in hunting suits so far.On the other hand, unlike the previous suits, the suit covers the vegetation zones more completely ab.Dn that at different seasons and in front of different background areas (brown, green, light, dark, leaves, bark, trunk, gravel, grass, sand), which occur in a vegetation zone eg in Central Europe, a better camouflage effect is achieved.

Other colors that can be integrated into the above mentioned canon of eight colors are the following ones to suit others

Color spaces thought. It is important that it is a coordinated, modular color system for here as

Example of the application of the invention camouflage family set forth with their size ratios shown here is. Therefore, the exchange of these colors with each other is possible. It is also possible to extend the color space according to certain

Requirements or the development of another color space, as long as the described principle of pattern development is preserved. The color space developed so far is:

Hellst: snow white,

Very bright: autumn yellow, city white,

Bright desert pink, sand, green lightest, snow gray,

Medium light: grassy yellow, city gray,

Medium green medium, foliage orange, brick red, city brown,

Medium dark: cow gray, herb red, dark: green dark, very dark: brown dark, asphalt gray, dark: black.

It is preferred to use solid colors instead of colors, as hard contrasts of differently sized spots next to each other create a "flicker effect" similar to that of a zebra pattern, making it more difficult to grasp the boundaries and positions of the individual objects. Movements, direction of movement, volume, posture, position and recognition, for example of the vehicle type, analogous to the "Dazzlepaintmg" used in warships in the first and second world war, can no longer be correctly estimated. For certain tactical backgrounds or hunting needs, various specialized applications are conceivable. For example, for hunting in wintry grassland / Schilfland: the hard contrast border falls away, the structure consists almost exclusively of strokes and hardly stains. The color space is limited to brown, gray and yellow shades.

The above-mentioned principles are also applicable to the infrared, near-infrared, radio-wave, UV and thermal, as here also the background, eg rocks next to trees, in their radiation behavior variable and create zones.

From the concrete application of this invention follows the design of a new camouflage cut which brings the pattern to optimal deployment and is highly ergonomic. Ergonomics in the sense of facilitating exercise is essential to survival in the context of high physical and psychological stress. Therefore, it is necessary to have as large as possible uninterrupted pattern surfaces with as few interruptions as possible by e.g. Use seams, suspenders, pockets, zippers, buttons and protectors. Therefore, the trouser legs and sleeves as well as the back part of only one piece and with inside legend zippered pockets, no pocket flaps worked and arranged the seams on the underside of the arm or between the legs.

Previous cutting guides lead to a fragmentation of the pattern, see in the US-PS 6805957 The dismemberment happens in the suits used by composed of many fabric pieces fabric surfaces with patch pockets, pocket flaps, etc. In addition, often worn over the suit worn pad racks, baby vests, splinter protection vests , Protectors, ABC bag, ammunition bags, etc. These are often m different colors, such. B. olive and / or black, which reduces the camouflage effect of the suit or repeals (eg black vest on desert camouflage suit) or they are trying to print. The latter is better than black or olive, but the problem of the small parts of the surfaces of the pattern is not solved and it means additional effort and expense. The main aim of the invention is therefore to produce as large as possible contiguous fabric surfaces. This is done by the greatest possible avoidance of seams (trouser legs, jacket sleeves and front / back of the jacket consist of one part). There are only hidden pockets that are accessible through zippers. On pocket flaps is omitted. Outside the pattern breaking buttons and protectors do not exist. The pattern is only minimally interrupted. In practice, a camouflage pattern area size with a repeat of the basic scheme of between about 0.6 m to 1.0 m in width and between about 0.8 m to 1.3 m in height is recommended, as shown in FIG.

The design as an integral suit achieves the transport capacity for the coupling support frame, ABC protection, splinter protection and ammunition and water and communication (radio, etc.) as well as personal utensils. This eliminates the need for transport vest, coupling carrier and ammunition / ABC bag. The splinter / ballistics / puncture vest is worn under the camouflage suit; including a wet / wind protection, including possibly a cold protection, including the underwear. A modular composition of clothing depending on the purpose is achieved. It also increases the freedom of movement / efficiency. Less clothing reduces weight. Some bags, for safe transport of documents, are waterproof. Knee and elbow protectors are secured in or on the jacket / pants so that they do not break the pattern.

The jacket / pants and therefore the camouflage can be selected depending on the purpose. A summer / winter jacket / pants is omitted, since the weather adjustment is made by the layers below. The jacket / pants must therefore "only" optical, physical (thorns, tearing, abrasion, elbow coll / knee) and transport function, possibly electronics and possibly ABCF (nuclear, biological, chemical, fire) protection. It is very breathable, quick-drying and dirt-repellent. When wet or dirty, the colors of the camouflage suit will not change. Another advantage is that pass-through pockets and over suits are omitted. All equipment is fast, easy, quiet, one-handed and accessible from the outside. Furthermore, the possibility of tangling with obstacles (branches, wire locks, parachuting, etc.) and the associated risk of discovery (movement of bushes, noise) and the damage of equipment / suit (tearing off buttons, slitting pockets, etc .) decreased. The use of zippers also makes it possible to safely transport the equipment before it is lost.

The use of stretchable materials and subdividing the pockets eliminates the possibility of clattering through loose-fitting equipment and facilitates rapid, orderly access. The suit allows the attachment of camouflage material to camouflage material mounts that do not disrupt the pattern at anatomically functional locations. As a result, the camouflage can be optimized. Precisely balanced placement of the brackets on anatomical key points (head, shoulders, upper arms, back, thighs, back and thighs, lower leg backs), unlike ghillie suits, will not affect your freedom of movement, your own vision and the sound of the alarm. In addition, a saving of camouflage material is possible and thus a weight reduction.

The Schemafläche 1 is formed as a quadrilateral, the side lengths of the quadrilateral corresponding to the maximum height or maximum width of the object to be camouflaged and / or the surface to be camouflaged and this rectangle serves as an aid to the design of Tarnmusterfläche invention. For this purpose, a diagonal 4 or 7 through the center of the quadrilateral and two parallel extending through the side length centers lines 8 and 9, or 10 and 11 is used. The diagonal 4 or 7 and the straight lines 8 and 9 or 10 and 11 thus form pairs of parallel property bands 2a and 2b or 3a and 3b. These parallel property bands 2a, 2b or 3a, 3b can also be displaced parallel to the diagonal 4 or 7. These property bands 2a, 2b or 3a, 3b differ in the expression of a property, wherein the property alternately in two different degrees of brightness, color, saturation, pattern, structure or gloss. The diagonal 4 or 7 and the straight lines 8 and 9 or 10 and 11 form borderlines. These boundary lines of the property bands 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b can be continuous or interrupted, rich in contrast or designed as a smooth transition. The boundary lines between the pairs of property bands 2a, 2b, 3a and 3b can thus be formed alternately as a contrast line 5 and / or as a fluid transition 6. The property bands 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b are irregular or regularly limited. However, each property band 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b is inherently homogeneous with respect to the expression of a property. As a result, there is in each case one property of the camouflage pattern area 1 of 40 to 60%, preferably in each case 50% in one embodiment and 40 to 60%, preferably in each case 50% in another embodiment.

In another embodiment, the Schemafläche 1 is formed as a rectangle as in the previous example. As a special feature here runs a straight line 12 parallel to the side edges through the center of the quadrangle. This results in two parallel property bands 2a and 2b. These parallel property bands 2a and 2b can also be displaced parallel to this straight line 12. The parallel property bands 2a and 2b run horizontally or vertically here. Furthermore, this quadrilateral has a diagonal 4 or 7 and two straight lines 8 and 9 or 10 and 11 extending parallel to it through the side-length centers and thus additional parallel property bands 3a and 3b which differ alternately as 2a and 2b only in the characteristic of a property. The parallel property bands 2 a and 2 b can be displaced parallel to the straight line 12 passing through the side-length centers. Likewise, the parallel property bands 3a and 3b may be shifted to the diagonal 4 or 7. These property bands 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b also differ in the expression of a property, wherein the property is expressed alternately in two different degrees of brightness, color, saturation, pattern, structure or gloss. The diagonals 4 and 7 and the straight lines 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 can be continuous as boundary lines of the property bands 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, as in the previous embodiment or interrupted, rich in contrast or designed as a smooth transition. The boundary lines between the pairs of property bands 2 a, 2 b, 3 a and 3 b can thus be formed alternately as a contrast lime 5 and / or as a fluid transition 6. Likewise, the property bands 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b bind irregularly or regularly. However, each property band 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b is inherently homogeneous with respect to the expression of a property. As a result, in each case one property of the camouflage pattern surface is 40 to 60%, preferably in each case 50% in one embodiment and 40 to 60%, preferably in each case 50% in another form.

To further improve the camouflage, the schema surface 1 is also formed as a quadrangle according to another embodiment. Again, the side lengths of the quadrilateral correspond to the maximum height or maximum width of the object to be camouflaged and / or the surface to be camouflaged. This quadrilateral has two intersecting diagonals 4 and 7 passing through the quadrilateral midpoint and four straight lines 8, 9, 10 and 11 extending parallel to them through the lateral length centers, thus forming parallel property bands 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b, with the property bands 2a and 2b run parallel to the diagonal 4 and the property bands 3a and 3b parallel to the diagonal 7 and the property bands 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b differ alternately only in the expression of a property. These parallel property bands 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b may be shifted parallel to the diagonals 4 and 7. The property of these property bands 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b are pronounced alternately in two different degrees of brightness and / or color and / or saturation and / or pattern and / or structure and / or gloss, and each individual property band 2a, 2b, 3a 3b is in itself homogeneous in this property. As a result, there is in each case one property of the camouflage pattern area 1 of 40 to 60%, preferably of 50% in each case and 40 to 60%, preferably of 50% each in a different form. The diagonals 4 and 7 and the straight lines 8, 9, 10 and 11 are designed as boundary lines of the property bands 2a, 2b, 3a and 3b, continuous or interrupted, rich in contrast or as a smooth transition. The property bands 2a, 2b, 3a and 3b are irregular or regularly limited. The boundaries between the pairs of eigen- Shaft 2 a, 2 b, 3 a and 3 b can therefore be formed alternately as a contrast line 5 and / or as a fluid transition 6. However, each property band 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b is inherently homogeneous with respect to the expression of a property.

The angle of the intersecting property bands 2a or 2b and 3a or 3b can be between greater than zero degrees and less than 90 degrees. The pairs of property bands 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b of the same property are parallel.

The camouflage scheme can be applied to existing camouflage patterns and / or integrated into existing camouflage patterns. Furthermore, the camouflage scheme is applicable to the entire electromagnetic wave spectrum. In special traps, the camouflage pattern can run indefinitely on the surface of the object to be camouflaged without interruptions. How the pattern is created (printing, spraying, nanotechnology, electronics, radiation) does not matter.

In order to achieve the camouflaging effect uniformly, independently of the distance between the object and the observer, superimposing pairs of property bands 2a, 2b with intersecting pairs of property bands 3a, 3b can form zones which represent intersections of the property bands pairs and again through these zones intersecting parallel pairs of property bands are subdivided into subzones, and these subzones are similarly subdivided into subzones, and so on. This results in a fractal-like nesting that can be continued into the infinite, resulting in a continuous camouflage effect over all distances. This fractal-like interleaving is shown in FIG. In the camouflage pattern area 1, the squares 4 and 7 and their parallel 8, 9, 10 and 11 form four squares / squares and eight half squares / squares. In one of these, which is fully illustrated, the fractal-like structure is shown as representative of the other quadrangles of the camouflage pattern area 1: The camouflage pattern area 1 is repeated completely in this quadrilateral. In this repetition, a renewed repetition of the camouflage pattern area 1 is shown again as an example for the other quadrangles of this repetition. In each repetition, the camouflage pattern area 1 can be completely completed again These repetitions can be continued indefinitely for each square occurring in the camouflage pattern area 1. For better clarity, this is shown in FIG. 14 only by way of example on a square of the camouflage pattern surface 1

In Figures 1 to 7 and 9, the camouflage scheme is applied to the camouflage pattern on various vehicles and in Figure 8 to the tower and the tub with chassis of a tank. In each case, a quadrangle as an aid for the design of the camouflage pattern surface is placed over the camouflaged vehicle or the camouflaged section. The sides of this quadrilateral are the (maximum) height or width of the object to be camouflaged. Once with (Fig. 1 to Fig. 6) and once without (Fig. 8) smaller parts (pipe, additional tank, machine gun, etc). A similar procedure is also conceivable in FIG.

FIG. 10 shows a camouflage clothing with a composite camouflage pattern. The pants and jacket each form a camouflaged object. The camouflage pattern surface is subdivided into m parallel diagonally extending property bands 2a and 2b, which differ in the expression of a property, wherein the property is expressed in two different degrees of brightness, color, saturation, pattern, structure or gloss. The diagonals 4 and their parallel 8 and 9 form boundary lines. These boundary lines of the property bands 2a and 2b can be continuous or interrupted, designed as a contrast line 5 or as a flowing transition 6. The property bands 2a and 2b are irregularly limited

Figures 11 to 13 show the camouflage scheme simplified as a surface. The camouflage pattern surface 1 is in each case formed as a quadrilateral, the side lengths of the quadrilateral corresponding to the maximum height or maximum width of the object to be camouflaged and / or the surface to be camouflaged, and this quadrilateral serves as an aid to the design of the camouflage pattern surface 1 according to the invention. For this purpose, in FIG. 12, a diagonal 4 and two straight lines 8 and 9 running parallel through the side-length centers are used. As a special feature, in FIG. 12, a straight line 12 extends parallel to the side edges through the quadrilateral midpoint. The diagonal 4 and the lines 8 and 9 thus form pairs of parallel property bands 3a and 3b and the straight line 12 with the side edges of the quadrangle pairs of parallel property bands 2a and 2b. These parallel property bands 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b can also be displaced parallel to the diagonal 4 or straight line 12. Such a displacement is exemplified in FIGS. 20 and 21.

Compilation of the reference numerals

1 - camouflage pattern area

2a - Property band, e.g. B. bright

2b - Property band, e.g. B. dark

3a - 2a and 2b cutting property band, eg brown

3b - 2a and 2b cutting property band, e.g. B. green

4 - diagonal

5 - Contrast line

6 - f transition

7 - diagonal

8, 9, 10, 11 - Straight

12 - the keyboards and the parallel lines

Claims

Claims :

A camouflage scheme with a polygonal scheme surface for a camouflage pattern for objects to be camouflaged, wherein the polygonal schema surface of the camouflage scheme has such dimensions that the polygonal scheme surface substantially completely covers an object surface of an object to be camouflaged, wherein the schema surface has a first side length, the one comprising substantial first extension of the object to be camouflaged, and wherein the schema surface has a second side length comprising a substantial second extension of the object to be camouflaged, characterized in that on the polygonal schema surface at least two adjacent property bands (2a , 2b; 3a, 3b) having predetermined widths, wherein adjacent property bands (2a, 2b; 3a, 3b) alternately differ at least in the form of a perceptible property, wherein the dimensions of the schema area and the puddle ten of the property bands are dimensioned such that only a maximum of three and in particular only two property bands extend with their full width on the Schemafläche.

2. camouflage scheme according to claim 1, wherein the Schemafläche is formed as a quadrilateral and in particular as a rectangle.

3. camouflage scheme according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first direction along a side edge or a diagonal of the Schemafläche runs.

4. camouflage scheme according to one of the preceding claims 2 or 3, wherein the side lengths of the quadrilateral each correspond to a substantial dimension and in particular a height or width or length of the object to be camouflaged.

5. camouflage scheme according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 4, wherein extending through the center of the quadrilateral diagonals (4, 7) and spaced by the side length centers parallel straight lines (8, 9, 10, II) are provided, which thus at least two form approximately parallel property bands (2a, 2b, 3a, 3b).

6. camouflage scheme according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 4, wherein the quadrilateral has at least one approximately parallel to the side edges through the side length centers extending straight line (12) and thus at least two approximately parallel property bands (2a, 2b, 3a, 3b).

7. camouflage scheme according to claim 5 or 6, wherein said approximately parallel property bands (2a, 2b) are displaced approximately parallel to this line (12) or diagonals (4, 7).

8. camouflage scheme according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the diagonal (4, 7) and / or straight lines (8, 9, 10, 11) serve as boundary lines of the property bands (2a, 2b, 3a, 3b).

Camouflage scheme according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the perceptible property of at least one property band (2a, 2b, 3a, 3b) is an optical property of the schema area which preferably has a pattern, a saturation, a gloss, a color, a brightness and / or a structure is.

10. camouflage scheme according to the preceding claim, wherein within each individual band of properties (2a, 2b, 3a, 3b) the perceptible property is varied within predetermined limits, wherein the mean value averaged over a respective property band differs from the mean value of the adjacent property band.

11. camouflage scheme according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein in each case a property of the camouflage pattern surface (1) to 40 to 60% in one expression and 60 to 40% is in another form, with an approximately half division is preferred.

12. camouflage scheme according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein extending in a first same running direction property bands (2a, 2b, 3a, 3b) are cut by at least one extending in a second direction characteristic band, so in particular along the direction of each property band at least one perceptible property of the associated property band is changed periodically, wherein in particular in two directly adjacent property bands at least one different perceptible property is changed periodically.

13. camouflage scheme according to at least one of the claims, wherein the property bands (2a, 2b) and the property bands

(3a, 3b) of different property intersect and the property bands (2a, 2b or 3a, 3b) of the same property but different expression of the same run parallel.

14. Camouflage scheme according to one of the preceding claims 12 or 13, wherein the first running direction and the second running direction intersect at an angle between 15 ° and 165 °, wherein preferably the first running direction and the second running direction, in particular at an angle between 45 ° and Cut 135 °.

15. camouflage scheme according to one of the preceding claims, wherein two adjacent property bands have approximately equal widths, which differ in particular by less than 25% from each other.

16. camouflage scheme according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the property bands (2a, 2b, 3a, 3b) are arbitrarily combinable and superimposed.

17. camouflage scheme according to one of the preceding claims, wherein two property bands are at least partially sharply demarcated from each other.

18. Camouflage scheme according to one of the preceding claims, wherein two property bands merge into each other at least in sections.

19. Camouflage scheme according to one of the preceding claims, which can be applied to existing camouflage patterns and / or can be integrated into existing camouflage patterns.

20. camouflage scheme according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the camouflage pattern runs substantially without interruptions endlessly on the surface of the object to be camouflaged.

21. camouflage scheme according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein by superimposing property bands (2a, 2b) with intersecting property bands (3a, 3b) zones arise which represent intersections of the property bands (2a, 2b, 3a, 3b) and these zones respectively are again divided into subzones by intersecting parallel subbands, and that zones and subzones and the overall pattern are designed according to a particular scheme, resulting in a fractal-like interleaving that provides a continuous camouflage effect over many distances, these subzones being analogously subdivided into sub-subzones can be to achieve any fractal-like nesting.

22. Camouflage scheme according to one of the preceding claims for further processing areas, such as textile surfaces, camouflage netting, tarpaulins, prefabricated components, the structures of the Schemafläche (1), such as parallel property bands (2a, 2b, 3a, 3b), borderlines, zones and subzones preferably at any point of the camouflage pattern scheme when cutting or processing the area are interrupted so that the parent camouflage scheme is maintained.

23. Camouflage scheme according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the height of the pattern between 80 cm to 2.5 m and the width between 60 cm to 2 m.

24. Camouflage scheme according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the object surface is arbitrarily shaped.

25 camouflage pattern with a camouflage scheme according to one of the preceding claims for an object to be camouflaged.

26. A combined camouflage pattern of at least two camouflage patterns according to one of the preceding claims for an object to be camouflaged.