WO2009089742A1 - Système de collecte de gestion de réseau réparti, procédé de mise en oeuvre et dispositif correspondant - Google Patents

Système de collecte de gestion de réseau réparti, procédé de mise en oeuvre et dispositif correspondant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009089742A1
WO2009089742A1 PCT/CN2008/073767 CN2008073767W WO2009089742A1 WO 2009089742 A1 WO2009089742 A1 WO 2009089742A1 CN 2008073767 W CN2008073767 W CN 2008073767W WO 2009089742 A1 WO2009089742 A1 WO 2009089742A1
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Prior art keywords
collector
management
network
network element
management device
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PCT/CN2008/073767
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Chengyong Zeng
Xiang Ye
Runtang Gui
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Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
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Publication of WO2009089742A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009089742A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to an adaptive distributed network management system, method, and related device.
  • FIG. 1 A typical network management system is shown in FIG. 1.
  • the network management system 10 and the subnets 15, 16, the network management system 10 and the subnets 15, 16 and other subnets are provided with firewall devices 12, 13, 14 and routers 11.
  • the network management system 10 includes: a network management terminal 101 and a network management server cluster 102.
  • the subnet 15 includes a router 151 and a plurality of network elements 152.
  • the subnet 16 includes a router 161 and a plurality of network elements 162.
  • the network management system generally adopts the Client-Server (client-server) mode, and the server is centrally set in the network management center.
  • the network management system needs to run continuously for a long time to monitor the running status of all network resources. The fault is detected and warned at the first time. At the same time, the performance indicators related to the quality of the entire network system are continuously collected to provide data support for various decisions. Additional auxiliary maintenance and diagnostics are also available.
  • the same network management system needs to manage network elements in one or more network subnets (physical devices in the network, hardware devices or software systems that provide specific services). Since the network scale reaches tens of thousands of nodes, many network management systems are designed to be distributed.
  • the network management server can be set up to different microcomputers or minicomputers to form a network management server cluster system to share the load and improve processing capacity. Currently, most network management servers are set up. In the same LAN.
  • the service system and the network management system are set in different networks, and a firewall device is set between the network management system and the network element to enhance network security.
  • the network elements in each subnet need to be connected to the network management system through the firewall device.
  • some configurations such as open ports and NAT (network address translation), are required.
  • NAT network address translation
  • the SNMP protocol is based on UDP (User Data Protocol).
  • UDP User Data Protocol
  • the UDP protocol does not define a repetition mechanism and is not reliable. Therefore, when the network management server is far away from the network element, the collection of network element data is often difficult after traversing multiple firewalls.
  • the network management system centrally sets each service module (including the security service module, performance management module, configuration management module, alarm management module, database module, and protocol adapter) on one or more physical devices in the same network.
  • the network management system passes The protocol adapter establishes a communication link with each network element.
  • the protocol adapter can be one or more. By configuring routes and doing NAT mapping, you can open the connection between the protocol adapter and the network element.
  • the inventors have found that the technical solution has at least the following problems in the process of implementing the present invention:
  • the protocol adapter is far away from the network element. When data is collected using a protocol similar to SNMP-free connection, data loss is likely to occur. The longer the path, the higher the probability of data loss.
  • TCP Transmission Control Protocol
  • the protocol adapters are set in the same place and need to be configured with more firewall rules. When the network management scale is very large, configuring the firewall becomes very cumbersome manual labor;
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a distributed network management system, method and related equipment, thereby reducing the workload of network configuration and the workload of manual intervention.
  • the distributed network management system, method and related device provided by the embodiments of the present invention are implemented by the following technical solutions:
  • a distributed network management system includes:
  • the collector management device is configured to receive routing information and network element information of the collector to the network segment sent by the collector, form a collector management scope list according to the routing information, and manage the range list and the network according to the collector. Meta-information to determine the scope of the collector management network element, and notify the collector to manage the network elements in its management scope;
  • the collector is configured to search for the network element, and send the routing information and the network element information of the collector to the network segment to the collector management device, and manage the network element according to the management scope determined by the collector management device.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for implementing a distributed network management system, including the following steps:
  • the collector management device receives the routing information and network element information of the collector to the network segment formed by the collector in the network.
  • the collector management device forms a collector management scope list according to the routing information; the collector management device determines the range of the collector management network element according to the collector management scope list and the network element information, and notifies the collector to Management of network elements within the scope of management.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a collector, where the collector includes:
  • the network element information collecting unit is configured to search for the network element, and send the routing information of the collector to the network segment and the collected network element information to the collector management device;
  • a management notification receiving unit configured to receive information that the collector management device notifies the collector to manage the network element
  • the network element management unit is configured to manage the network element according to the information received by the management notification receiving unit.
  • the embodiment of the present invention also provides a collector management device, where the collector management device includes: an information receiving unit, configured to receive routing information and network element information of the collector to the network segment, and form according to the routing information.
  • Collector management scope list configured to receive routing information and network element information of the collector to the network segment, and form according to the routing information.
  • the attribution determining unit is configured to determine the attribution of the network element according to the collector management scope list and the network element information.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a simple and easy to set distributed network management system, an implementation method and related equipment, which reduces the workload of network configuration, and can automatically adapt to changes when the network is expanded or changed. It greatly reduces the workload of manual intervention.
  • a unified network management access portal is provided, and a network having a plurality of network element nodes can be managed through a network management system.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a network management system of the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a distributed network management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for collecting distributed network management according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a collector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a collector management apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a distributed network management system, including a collector management device, configured to receive a collector management range list sent by a collector, and update a list of its collector management scope according to the collector management scope list. And determining, according to the updated collector management scope list, a range of the collector management network element, and notifying the collector to manage the network element in the management scope thereof; the collector, configured to search the network element, and according to the The search information forms a list of collector management ranges, and is sent to the collector management device, and manages the network elements according to the management scope determined by the collector management device.
  • the distributed network management system is simple and easy to set up.
  • the distributed network management system and method can reduce the workload of network configuration. When the network is expanded or changed, it can automatically adapt to changes and greatly reduce the workload of human intervention.
  • a unified network management system access portal is provided, and a network having a large number of network elements can be managed through a network management system.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an application structure of a distributed network management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. and referring to the figure, the network management terminal 201, the network management device 202, the central data server 203, the collector management device 204, and the remotely located collection are included. 253 and collector 263;
  • Network management terminal 201 A web-based client based on GUI (Graphical User Interface) or WEB (network) for human-computer interaction;
  • the network management device 202 is used for service scheduling, and is used for network element access management and maintenance of basic network element information, including a performance service module, an alarm management module, a security management module, a configuration service module, and a log management module, all of which are centralized in the network management.
  • each module may have multiple physical devices.
  • the service modules in the device can be distributed on different physical devices within the same local area network, but are logically a set of devices.
  • the network element 251, 261 related data and the network management system 20 own management information (such as network management authority information, collector distribution information, etc.) are stored centrally.
  • the network management device 202 is also used to process various data collected by the collector 253 and the collector 263, such as performance statistics and alarm data.
  • Central Data Server 203 Access to data (network element data, routing information, IP address information, etc.) for the system and provide a unified access point for the network management system.
  • the collector management device 204 accepts the registration of the collector 253 and the collector 263, and receives the routing information and the network element information sent by the collector, forms a collector management range list according to the routing information, and further manages according to the collector.
  • the range list and the network element information determine the scope of the management network element of the collectors 253 and 263, and notify the collectors 253 and 263 to manage the network elements in the management range, that is, determine the attribution information of the network element.
  • the determining process is specifically as follows: The collector management device calculates the optimal management path of the network element according to the collector management range list, and uses the collector on the optimal path as the manager of the network element. Mainly: The collector management device searches for a collector with the smallest ping value and the smallest hop according to the collector management range list, and determines the collector as the manager of the network element.
  • Collectors 253, 263 distributed nodes that are remotely configurable, used to search for network elements, and route information (ping value, hop count, availability) and network of the collector to the network segment (ie, subnet)
  • the meta information (such as an IP address) is sent to the collector management device, and the network element is managed according to the management scope determined by the collector management device.
  • the collector manages the data of the network element in the determined range, such as performance statistics, alarm data, log data, etc., and aggregates the data to the collector management device 204, and the collector management device 204 The data is sent to the network management device 202.
  • the collector management device 204 and the collectors 253, 263 transmit data using a two-way http/https (Hypertext Transfer Protocol/Secure http protocol) protocol to facilitate penetration through the firewall.
  • http/https Hypertext Transfer Protocol/Secure http protocol
  • the data can be transmitted using the ftp/sftp protocol (File Transfer Protocol/Secure File Transfer Protocol) to increase the transfer speed.
  • ftp/sftp protocol File Transfer Protocol/Secure File Transfer Protocol
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for implementing a distributed network management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the distributed network management system provided in FIG. 2 is provided.
  • the distributed network management collection method provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
  • the collector registers with the collector management device. If it is the first registration, a unique GUID (global unified identifier) collector identifier is generated, and the collector automatically localizes the collector identifier locally, and the collector management device This registration information will be saved to the central data server.
  • GUID global unified identifier
  • the collector starts to search for the network element, and finds the scope that the collector can manage.
  • the specific process is as follows:
  • A. Set a seed (usually the gateway of the subnet where the collector is located), and use this seed to query the IP Forwarding field in the IP (Network Protocol) address in the MIB (Management Information Base) NE.
  • IP Network Protocol
  • MIB Management Information Base
  • IP Forwarding field of the network element is 0, it indicates that the network element is a normal host or printer, bypasses the device, and continues to search for the next adjacent IP address.
  • the collector recursively searches all network elements of the adjacent network segment of the collector through the routing information.
  • the search depth is configurable. If it is the default, only the adjacent 3 layer segments are searched. Concurrent threads can also be used to search the network to speed up searches.
  • IP information is saved to the database of the central data server.
  • ICMP protocol Internet Control Message Protocol
  • ICMP protocol Internet Control Message Protocol
  • packets are used to randomly access several network elements of the network segment, and the response time is recorded to obtain an average value, which is the network quality (ping value).
  • record the number of hops that the collector needs to pass to reach the network segment (the number of hops per ICMP protocol packet is reduced by 1).
  • the collector management device updates the management scope information, and the collector management device generates a list of collector management ranges (ie, routing information) in the above process, and saves the management scope list to the network management host.
  • the device, the collector management range list is shown in the following table:
  • the collector collects network element information and sends the information to the collector management device. After receiving the NE information, the collector management device sends the information to the network management device, and the network management device determines which information is saved to the database of the central server, and which information does not need to be saved and managed.
  • the collector management device determines, according to the collector management scope list and the network element information, the scope of the collector management network element, that is, the attribution of the network element. Specifically, the collector management device calculates the optimal management path of the network element according to the collector management range list, mainly because the collector management device searches for the ping (the command for detecting the network failure) according to the collector management range list. The collector with a small number of hops is available, and the collector on the optimal management path is used as the manager of the network element.
  • the collector management device saves the home information of the network element to the central data server.
  • the collector management device sends the network element attribution information to the collector, and the collector is notified to manage the network element in the determined management scope.
  • the management includes: collecting, by the collector, performance statistics, log data, and alarms of the network element. Data, and the collected data is sent to the collector management device.
  • the collector management device communicates with the collector using a two-way http/https (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) protocol to facilitate penetration through the firewall. When transferring relatively large data, the data can be transmitted using the ftp/sftp protocol (File Transfer Protocol/Secure File Transfer Protocol) to increase the transfer speed. Since the collector communicates with the network management center, the mesh structure formed by all the network elements in the prior art directly connected to the network management center is avoided, and the load of the entire system is reduced after the link converges.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a collector.
  • the collector includes:
  • the network element information collecting unit 40 is configured to search for a network element, and send the routing information of the collector to the network segment and the collected network element information to the collector management device;
  • the management notification receiving unit 41 is configured to receive information that the collector management device notifies the collector to manage the network element (that is, the attribution information of the network element);
  • the network element management unit 42 is configured to manage the network element, collect performance statistics, log data, and alarm data of the network element, and send the collected data to the collector management device.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a collector management apparatus.
  • the collector management device includes: Referring to FIG. 5, the collector management device includes:
  • the information receiving unit 50 is configured to receive routing information and network element information of the collector to the network segment sent by the collector, and form a collector management scope list according to the routing information;
  • the attribution determining unit 51 is configured to determine the range of the collector management network element according to the collector management scope list and the network element information, that is, determine the attribution of the network element. And notifying the collector to manage the network elements in the management scope, specifically: searching for the available collectors with the smallest ping value and the small hop count according to the network segment to which the network element belongs, and determining the collector as the network The manager of the yuan.
  • FIG. 2 A specific embodiment of the distributed network management system, the implementation method, and related equipment provided by the embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to FIG. 2 as an example of the collection of the alarm data and the performance statistics.
  • the network management main control device 202 is composed of a main control module, a performance management module, an alarm management module, a security management module, a configuration management module, a central data server, and a collector management device, and is usually disposed on the same physical device (also according to System load, each module is set to a different physical device).
  • the collector 253 (assume that the IP is: 10.10.11.100) and the collector 263 (assuming the IP is: 10.10.11.200) are set exactly the same, and the port between the collector 253 and the collector 263 and the collector management device 204 is already open. (Using port 80 to transmit control commands and small amounts of data, large amounts of data are transmitted over the 20 and 21 ports in ftp protocol).
  • the collector 253 and the collector 263 register with the collector management device 204 (assuming the IP address is: 10.9.9.9), and send a register command (registration command).
  • the collector management device 204 returns the identifiers of the collectors 253 to ⁇ 8C41B678-4A48-4d56-BB35-67EFlE7CDC4C ⁇ and the collector 263 as ⁇ ADF lB8BA-E5E7-474f-B815-5CBE9B2BF8DB ⁇ to complete the registration process.
  • the two collectors 253 and the collector 263 record the respective identifiers and carry their own logos when registering later.
  • the collector 253 searches the subnet 25 and the subnet 26, and the collector 263 searches the subnet 26 and sends the routing information of the collector to the network segment to the collector management device 204.
  • the collector management device 204 forms a management scope list according to the routing information and records it in the database of the central data server 203: Network cocoa management network quality hop collector identification
  • IP 10.10.12.0/24 10 1 1
  • the collector management device 204 determines that the network element belongs to the third The subnet (not belonging to subnet 25 or any subnet of subnet 26), the collector 253 of the network element ion network 25 is closest, and then the collector 253 is notified to manage the network element (IP:
  • the collector 253 sets the reporting address of the new network element to ( ⁇ : 10.10.11.100), and the alarm data of the network element (IP: 10.10.13.5) is reported to the collector 253, and the collector 253 is formatted. After the alarm data is preprocessed, it is forwarded to the alarm management module of the network management device 202 by the collector management device 204.
  • the collector 253 periodically (usually 5 minutes or 30 minutes, the period can be set by command) to collect network elements through SNMP (simple network management protocol) or RMON protocol (remote monitoring protocol) (IP: 10.10) .13.5) performance statistics, the performance statistics are temporarily stored in the collector 253, each period (such as 15 minutes or 1 hour, the period is configurable) the collector 253 will collect the collected performance statistics through the ftp protocol Uploaded to the performance management module of the network management device 202 for processing.
  • SNMP simple network management protocol
  • RMON protocol remote monitoring protocol
  • the distributed network management system, method, and related device provided by the embodiment of the present invention can set a new collector to the subnet each time a new subnet is added, and only needs to be configured on the collector.
  • the collector manages the address of the device, and configures the firewall between the collector and the management device to open the http (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) and ftp (File Transfer Protocol) channels. It may be necessary to do NAT mapping so that the subnet All the devices can be included in the network management system provided by the embodiment of the present invention for management.
  • the new collector when a new subnet is added, the new collector may not be added, but the collector of the adjacent network segment automatically searches for the network segment, and Incorporate into the scope of management.
  • the address of the management device can be reconfigured only on the collector, the collector will re-register (the GUID identifier remains unchanged) and the management scope of the collector will be searched again.
  • the heartbeat message is maintained between the collector and the collector management device.
  • the availability status of the collector management device is It will be identified as 0 (ie: not available), and will be identified as available until reconnected. After reconnecting, the collector will update the ping value of the manageable network segment.
  • the distributed network management system and method provided by the embodiment of the present invention collects performance statistics, alarm data, log data, and the like of the network element by a distributed collector.
  • the collector collects performance statistics, alarm data, and log data through protocols such as SNMP, RMON (remote control network monitoring protocol), and Netflow (network traffic monitoring protocol), and then transmits the data to the network management device through the collector management device using the ftp/sftp protocol.
  • the main control device is uniformly distributed by the network management device.
  • the collector and the network element are on the same network segment or adjacent network segments, and the intermediate links are reduced, and the accuracy and timeliness of the data are greatly improved. In particular, for devices managed with a connectionless protocol, the packet loss rate is significantly reduced and reliability is enhanced.
  • the collector can do some data pre-processing.
  • the network management device can also be deployed and deployed to support multiple implementations. Therefore, the management of the entire distributed network management system can reach tens of thousands of nodes. Since there is only one set of resource centers, it is very convenient to monitor the status of the entire network.
  • the distributed network management system and method provided by the embodiments of the present invention do not need to separately configure firewall rules for each network element, and only need to simply configure the firewall rules between the collector and the collection management device, which greatly simplifies. Network configuration work.
  • the distributed network management system provided by the embodiment of the present invention has good adaptability. Even if a collector crashes or upgrades, the collectors in the adjacent area can take over the network elements in a short time, which is an adaptive method. the process of. The system's scalability is also very strong, and the new subnet can flexibly determine whether a new collector is needed based on the load of the network.

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Description

分布式网管采集系统、 实现方法及相关设备
本申请要求于 2007 年 12 月 28 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 200710305687.X, 发明名称为 "分布式网管采集系统、 实现方法及相关设备" 的中国专利申请的优先权, 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及通信领域,特别涉及一种自适应的分布式网管采集系统、方法 及相关设备。
背景技术
随着计算机技术和通信技术的迅速发展, 网络 莫也越来越大、越来越复 杂。 在大规模网络中, 网管系统是不可缺少的。 典型的网管系统如图 1所示, 包括网管系统 10和子网 15、 16, 网管系统 10与子网 15、 16等子网之间设置 了防火墙设备 12、 13、 14和路由器 11。 其中, 网管系统 10包括: 网管终端 101、 网管服务器集群 102; 子网 15包括路由器 151和众多网元 152, 子网 16 包括路由器 161和众多的网元 162。
网管系统一般采用 Client-Server (客户一服务器)模式, 服务器集中设置 在网管中心。网管系统需要长时间连续运行,以监控所有网络资源的运行状况, 第一时间发现故障并发出警告,同时不间断的采集整个网络系统运行质量相关 的性能指标数据, 为各种决策提供数据支持, 另外还提供一些辅助的维护和诊 断。 同一套网管系统, 需要管理一个或多个网络子网中的网元(网络中的物理 设备, 提供特定服务的硬件设备或软件系统)。 由于网络规模达到上万节点, 不少网管系统设计为分布式 , 网管服务器可以设置到不同的微机或小型机上 , 形成一个网管服务器集群系统以分担负荷,提高处理能力, 目前大部分网管服 务器都设置在同一个局域网内。
该现有的技术方案中, 业务系统和网管系统设置在不同的网络中, 网管系 统和网元之间设置了防火墙设备, 以增强网络的安全性。 各个子网中的网元, 要透过防火墙设备与网管系统建立连接,通常需 故一些配置,比如开放端口、 做 NAT (网络地址转换)等, 但是发明人在实现本发明过程中发现: 该技术 方案的各种设备配置起来比较繁瑣 , 在网络规模非常大的时候甚至不可实施。
另外, SNMP协议 ( Simple Network Management Protocol, 简单网络管理 协议)作为比较成熟的网络管理协议, 在现今的网络中存在大量应用, 但是
SNMP协议是基于 UDP (用户数据 协议), UDP协议中没有定义重复机制, 是不可靠的。所以当网管服务器与网元距离较远时,在穿越了多重防火墙以后, 网元数据的采集往往比较困难。
网管系统会将各个服务模块(包括安全服务模块、 性能管理模块、 配置管 理模块、 告警管理模块、 数据库模块、 协议适配器)集中设置在一台或多台在 同一网络中物理设备上, 网管系统通过协议适配器与各网元建立通信链路。协 议适配器可以是一个或多个, 通过配置路由、做 NAT映射等方法, 可以打通协 议适配器与网元之间的联系。发明人在实现本发明的过程中发现该技术方案至 少还存在以下问题:
1、 协议适配器离网元较远, 采用基于无连接的 SNMP类似的协议采集数 据的时候容易出现数据丢失, 路径越长, 数据丢失概率越高;
2、 即使采用 TCP (传输控制协议)连接来采集数据, 也会由于网管系统 与网元之间建立的连接太多, 大量占用防火墙或路由器的链路资源,造成网络 通讯质量下降;
3、 协议适配器集中设置在同一地点, 需要配置较多的防火墙规则, 当网 管规模非常大的时候, 配置防火墙成为非常繁瑣的体力劳动;
4、 由于存在多个协议适配器, 网管系统命令下发的时候, 具体通过哪个 协议适配器将命令下发到网元, 策略会比较复杂;
5、 当网络结构发生变动的时候, 比如子网迁移或者新增一个子网的时候, 需要完全重新配置防火墙规则。
另外一种现有技术中,有一种管理大规模网络系统的方案是: 在现有网络 中建设多套网管系统,每个网管系统管理一个或几个子网。但是在发明人实现 本发明的过程中发现: 该技术方案的建设和维护成本高。 由于分散管理, 需要 购买多套设备, 需要更多的人力进行管理和维护; 而且数据不能共享, 无法管 理全局。
发明内容
本发明实施例要提供一种分布式网管采集系统、方法及相关设备,从而可 以减少网络配置的工作量和人工干预的工作量。 本发明实施例所提供的分布式网管采集系统、方法及相关设备是通过以下 技术方案实现的:
一种分布式网管采集系统, 包括:
采集器管理装置,用于接收采集器发送的采集器到网段的路由信息和网元 信息,根据所述的路由信息形成采集器管理范围列表, 并根据所述的采集器管 理范围列表和网元信息来确定采集器管理网元的范围,并通知采集器对其管理 范围内的网元进行管理;
采集器, 用于搜索网元, 向所述的采集器管理装置发送采集器到网段的路 由信息和网元信息, 并才 据采集器管理装置确定的管理范围对网元进行管理。
本发明实施例还提供一种分布式网管采集系统的实现方法, 包括步骤: 采集器管理装置接收采集器在网络中搜索网元形成的采集器到网段的路 由信息和网元信息,
采集器管理装置根据所述的路由信息形成采集器管理范围列表; 采集器管理装置根据所述的采集器管理范围列表和网元信息来确定采集 器管理网元的范围, 并通知采集器对其管理范围内的网元进行管理。
本发明实施例还提供一种采集器, 所述的采集器包括:
网元信息采集单元, 用于搜索网元, 向采集器管理装置发送所述采集器到 网段的路由信息和采集到的网元信息;
管理通知接收单元, 用于接收采集器管理装置通知采集器管理网元的信 息;
网元管理单元,用于根据所述管理通知接收单元接收的信息对网元进行管 理。
本发明实施例也提供一种采集器管理装置, 所述的采集器管理装置包括: 信息接收单元, 用于接收采集器到网段的路由信息和网元信息, 并根据所 述的路由信息形成采集器管理范围列表;
归属确定单元,用于才 据所述的采集器管理范围列表和网元信息来确定网 元的归属。
本发明实施例提供一种简便且易于设置的分布式网管采集系统、实现方法 及相关设备, 减少网络配置的工作量, 在网络扩充或变化时, 能够自动适应变 化, 大大减少人工干预的工作量。 同时提供统一的网管访问入口, 能够通过一 套网管系统对具有众多网元节点的网络进行管理。
附图说明
图 1为现有技术的网管系统结构示意图;
图 2为本发明实施例提供的分布式网管采集系统的结构示意图;
图 3为本发明实施例提供的分布式网管采集实现方法的流程图;
图 4为本发明实施例提供的一种采集器的结构示意图;
图 5为本发明实施例提供的一种采集器管理装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明实施例是提供一种分布式网管采集系统, 包括采集器管理装置, 用 于接收采集器发送的采集器管理范围列表,根据所述的采集器管理范围列表更 新自己的采集器管理范围列表,并根据所述更新的采集器管理范围列表确定采 集器管理网元的范围,并通知采集器对其管理范围内的网元进行管理;采集器, 用于搜索网元, 并根据所述的搜索信息形成采集器管理范围列表, 并向采集器 管理装置发送, 并根据采集器管理装置确定的管理范围对网元进行管理。
该分布式网管采集系统简便且易于设置的分布式网管采集系统及方法,减 少网络配置的工作量, 在网络扩充或变化时, 能够自动适应变化, 大大减少人 工干预的工作量。 同时提供统一的网管系统访问入口, 能够通过一套网管系统 对具有众多的网元的网络进行管理。
下面结合附图详细描述本发明实施例提供的分布式网管采集系统、分布式 网管采集的实现方法及相关设备。
图 2为本发明实施例提供的分布式网管采集系统的应用结构示意图; 参照 该图, 包括网管终端 201、 网管主控装置 202、 中央数据服务器 203、 采集器管 理装置 204、 远端设置的采集器 253及采集器 263; 其中
网管终端 201 : 基于 GUI (图形用户界面)或 WEB (网络) 的网管客户端, 用于人机交互;
网管主控装置 202: 用于服务调度, 用于网元接入管理、 维护网元基本信 息, 包括性能服务模块、 告警管理模块、 安全管理模块、 配置服务模块、 日志 管理模块等都集中在网管主控装置 202中, 各个模块可以有多个物理设备。 该 装置中的服务模块可以分布在同一局域网内的不同物理设备上,但是逻辑上还 是一套装置。 网元 251、 261相关数据和网管系统 20自身管理信息(如网管权限 信息、 采集器分布信息等)是集中存储的。 网管主控装置 202还用于处理采集 器 253及采集器 263收集汇总上来的各种数据, 如性能统计数据、 告警数据等。
中央数据服务器 203: 用于系统的数据(网元数据、 路由信息、 IP地址信 息等)存取, 并为网管系统提供统一的访问入口。
采集器管理装置 204: 接受采集器 253及采集器 263的注册, 并接收采集 器发送的路由信息和网元信息, 根据所述的路由信息形成采集器管理范围列 表, 还根据所述采集器管理范围列表和网元信息确定采集器 253、 263管理网 元的范围, 并通知采集器 253、 263对其管理范围内的网元进行管理, 即确定 网元的归属信息。该确定过程具体为: 采集器管理装置才 据采集器管理范围列 表来计算网元的最佳管理路径, 将最佳路径上的采集器作为该网元的管理者。 主要是: 采集器管理装置根据采集器管理范围列表来查找 ping值最小、 跳数 最小的、 可用的采集器, 并将该采集器确定为该网元的管理者。
采集器 253、 263: 为可远端设置的分布式节点, 用于搜索网元, 将所述 采集器到网段(即: 子网)的路由信息(ping值、 跳数、 可用性)及网元信息 (如: IP地址) 向采集器管理装置发送, 并根据采集器管理装置确定的管理 范围对网元进行管理。 采集器管理其确定范围内的网元的数据, 如: 性能统计 数据、告警数据、 日志数据等, 并将该数据汇总,发送给采集器管理装置 204, 通过采集器管理装置 204将所述的数据发送到网管主控装置 202。 采集器管理 装置 204与采集器 253、 263采用双向 http/https (超文本传输协议 /安全的 http 协议)协议传输数据,便于穿透防火墙。当传输比较大的数据时可以采用 ftp/sftp 协议(文件传输协议 /安全的文件传输协议)传输所述的数据, 以提高传输速 度。 由于采集器与网管中心通讯,避免了现有技术中的所有网元直接连接到网 管中心而形成的网状结构 , 链路收敛后整个系统的负荷的有效性降低的情况。
图 3为本发明实施例提供的分布式网管采集系统的实现方法的流程图。包 括图 2所提供的分布式网管采集系统, 参照图 3, 本发明实施例提供的分布式 网管采集实现方法包括步骤:
301、 在子网中新设置一个采集器后, 配置采集器管理装置的地址信息, 并配置好防火墙。
302、 采集器向采集器管理装置注册, 如果是首次注册, 则会生成一个唯 一的 GUID (全局统一标识符)采集器标识, 采集器会自动在本地持久化该采集 器标识, 采集器管理装置会将该注册信息保存到中央数据服务器。
303、 采集器开始搜索网元, 查找本采集器能管理的范围, 具体过程如下:
A、设定一个种子(通常为采集器所在子网的网关),通过该种子查询 MIB (管理信息库) 网元中 IP (网络协议)地址中的 IP Forwarding字段。
B、 如果该网元的 IP Forwarding字段为 0 , 则表示该网元是一台普通主机 或打印机等, 绕过该设备, 继续搜索下一个相邻的 IP地址。
C、 如果该字段为 1 , 则表明该网元具备路由转发功能, 继续搜索该设备 的 IP Route Table表, 查找到该网元所属网段的路由信息, 得到与采集器相邻 且最近的网段信息,采集器通过该路由信息递归搜索采集器的相邻网段的所有 网元。 搜索深度可配置, 如果缺省, 则只搜索相邻的 3层网段。 也可以采用并 发线程来搜索网络, 以加快搜索速度。
D、 每搜索到一个网段的时候, 附带搜索出该网段的所有可用 IP, 并将该
IP信息保存到中央数据服务器的数据库中。 同时, 使用 ICMP协议(互联网控 制消息协议 )报文随机访问该网段的几个网元 , 并记录下响应时间 , 得到一个 平均值, 作为网络质量( ping值), ping值越小, 则网络质量越好。 并记录下 采集器要到达该网段需要经过的跳数(ICMP协议报文每被转发一次跳数减 1 )。
304、 采集器管理装置更新管理范围的信息, 采集器管理装置 ^居上述的 过程中路由信息形成一张采集器管理范围列表(即: 路由信息), 并将该管理 范围列表保存到网管主控装置 , 该采集器管理范围列表如下表所示:
网络
可 可管理网络的 质量 跳 采集器标识 用
IP (Ping 数
性 值)
{8C41B678-4A48-4d56-BB35-67EFlE7CDC4C} 10.10.11.0/24 15 1 1
{8C41B678-4A48-4d56-BB35-67EFlE7CDC4C} 10.10.12.0/24 60 5 1 {ADFlB8BA-E5E7-474f-B815-5CBE9B2BF8DB} 10.10.11.0/24 50 5 1
{ADFlB8BA-E5E7-474f-B815-5CBE9B2BF8DB} 10.10.12.0/24 10 1 1
305、 采集器收集网元信息, 并向采集器管理装置发送。 采集器管理装置 接收到网元信息后向网管主控装置发送,由网管主控装置决定将哪些信息保存 到中央服务器的数据库, 哪些信息不需要保存和管理。
306、 采集器管理装置根据采集器管理范围列表和网元信息确定采集器管 理网元的范围, 即网元的归属。 具体是: 采集器管理装置才 据采集器管理范围 列表来计算网元的最佳管理路径,主要是采集器管理装置根据采集器管理范围 列表来查找 ping (用于检测网络故障的命令)值最小、 跳数较小的、 可用的采 集器, 将最佳管理路径上的采集器作为该网元的管理者。
307、 采集器管理装置将网元的归属信息保存到中央数据服务器。
308、 采集器管理装置向采集器发送网元归属信息, 通知采集器对确定的 管理范围内的网元进行管理, 所述的管理包括: 采集器收集网元的性能统计数 据、 日志数据、 告警数据, 并将所收集的数据发送到采集器管理装置。 采集器 管理装置与采集器采用双向 http/https (超文本传输协议 )协议通信, 便于穿透 防火墙。 当传输比较大的数据时可以采用 ftp/sftp协议(文件传输协议 /安全的 文件传输协议)传输所述的数据, 以提高传输速度。 由于采集器与网管中心通 讯,避免了现有技术中的所有网元直接连接到网管中心而形成的网状结构,链 路收敛后整个系统的负荷的有效性降低的情况。
上面对本发明实施例提供分布式网管采集系统和方法进行了详细的描述。 为了更好的实现本发明的目的,本发明实施例还提供一种采集器,如图 4所示, 该采集器包括:
网元信息采集单元 40, 用于搜索网元, 向所述的采集器管理装置发送采 集器到网段的路由信息和采集到的网元信息;
管理通知接收单元 41 , 用于接收采集器管理装置通知采集器管理网元的 信息(即: 网元的归属信息);
网元管理单元 42, 用于对网元进行管理, 收集网元的性能统计数据、 日 志数据、 告警数据, 并将所收集的数据向所述的采集器管理装置发送。
为了更好实现本发明的目的, 本发明实施例还提供一种采集器管理装置, 其特征在于, 参照图 5, 所述的采集器管理装置包括:
信息接收单元 50, 用于接收采集器发送的采集器到网段的路由信息和网 元信息 , 并根据所述的路由信息形成采集器管理范围列表;
归属确定单元 51 , 用于^ ^据所述的采集器管理范围列表和网元信息来确 定采集器管理网元的范围, 即: 确定网元的归属。 并通知采集器对其管理范围 内的网元进行管理, 具体是: 根据网元所属网段来查找 ping值最小、 跳数较 小的、 可用的采集器, 并将该采集器确定为该网元的管理者。
下面以告警数据和性能统计数据的采集为例结合图 2描述应用本发明实 施例提供的分布式网管采集系统、 实现方法及相关设备的一个具体实施例。
网管主控装置 202由主控模块、 性能管理模块、告警管理模块、安全管理 模块、 配置管理模块、 中央数据服务器和采集器管理装置等模块组成, 通常设 置在同一台物理设备上(也可以根据系统负荷,将各个模块分别设置到不同的 物理设备上)。 采集器 253 (假设 IP为: 10.10.11.100 )和采集器 263 (假设 IP 为: 10.10.11.200 )设置的时候完全一致, 采集器 253及采集器 263和采集器管 理装置 204之间的端口已经开放(采用 80端口传送控制命令和小量数据, 通 过 20和 21端口以 ftp协议的方式传输大量数据)。设置的时候采集器 253及采 集器 263向采集器管理装置 204 (假设 IP地址为: 10.9.9.9 )登记注册, 发送 register命令 (注册命令)。 采集器管理装置 204分别返回给采集器 253的标识 为 {8C41B678-4A48-4d56-BB35-67EFlE7CDC4C}和采集器 263 的标识为 { ADF lB8BA-E5E7-474f-B815-5CBE9B2BF8DB} , 完成注册过程。
两个采集器 253和采集器 263将各自的标识记录下来,以后再注册的时候携 带上自身的标识。采集器 253搜索到子网 25和子网 26,采集器 263搜索到子网 26, 并将采集器到网段的路由信息发送给采集器管理装置 204。采集器管理装置 204 根据所述的路由信息形成如下管理范围列表并记录到中央数据服务器 203的数 据库中: 网络 可 可管理网络的 质量 跳 采集器标识 用
IP (Ping 数 性 值)
{8C41B678-4A48-4d56-BB35-67EFlE7CDC4C} 10.10.11.0/24 15 1 1
{8C41B678-4A48-4d56-BB35-67EFlE7CDC4C} 10.10.13.0/24 25 3 1
{ADFlB8BA-E5E7-474f-B815-5CBE9B2BF8DB} 10.10.12.0/24 10 1 1 当一个新网元(假设 IP为: 10.10.13.5 )纳入管理的时候, 采集器管理装 置 204判定这个网元属于第三子网(不属于子网 25或子网 26任何一个子网),该 网元离子网 25的采集器 253最近, 于是通知采集器 253管理该网元(IP:
10.10.13.5 ), 采集器 253 设置新网元的上报地址为 (ΙΡ:10.10.11.100) , 于是这 个网元(IP: 10.10.13.5 ) 的告警数据都上报到采集器 253 , 采集器 253格式化 并经过预处理所述的告警数据后, 通过采集器管理装置 204转发给网管主控装 置 202的告警管理模块处理。 同时, 采集器 253 定时周期性(通常为 5分钟或者 30分钟, 周期可通过命令设置)的通过 SNMP协议(简单网络管理协议)或者 RMON协议(远程监控协议)等协议采集网元(IP: 10.10.13.5 ) 的性能统计 数据, 将性能统计数据临时存放在采集器 253上, 每个一定周期(如 15分钟或 1 小时, 周期可配置)采集器 253将收集到的性能统计数据通过 ftp协议方式上传 给网管主控装置 202的性能管理模块处理。
采用本发明实施例提供的分布式的网管采集系统、方法及相关设备,在每 次新增加一个子网的时候,可以设置一个新的采集器到这个子网中, 只需要在 采集器上配置采集器管理装置的地址,并配置好该采集器和管理装置之间的防 火墙需要打开 http (超文本传输协议)和 ftp (文件传输协议)通道, 有可能 需要做一下 NAT映射, 这样该子网的所有设备都可以纳入到本发明实施例所 提供的网管系统中进行管理。
采用本发明实施例提供的分布式的网管采集系统和方法, 新增子网的时 候, 也可以不增加新的采集器, 而由相邻网段的采集器自动搜索到该网段, 并 纳入到管理范围中。 当网络发生调整的时候(比如整个子网进行迁移), 同样 可以只重新在采集器上配置管理装置的地址, 采集器会重新注册(GUID标识 保持不变)并重新搜索采集器的管理范围。
采用本发明实施例提供的分布式的网管采集系统和方法,采集器和采集器 管理装置之间保持心跳消息, 当采集器与采集器管理装置失去联系时候, 则该 采集器管理装置的可用性状态会被标识为 0 (即: 不可用), 直到重新连接后再 标识为可用状态, 重新连接后采集器会更新可管理网段的 ping值。
采用本发明实施例提供的分布式的网管采集系统和方法 ,由于是由分布式 设置的采集器来收集网元的性能统计数据、告警数据、 日志数据等。 采集器通 过 SNMP、 RMON (远控网络监控协议)、 Netflow (网络流量监控协议)等协 议将性能统计数据、 告警数据、 日志数据等收集, 然后采用 ftp/sftp协议通过 采集器管理装置传送到网管主控装置, 由网管主控装置统一进行分发处理。采 集器与网元处在同一个网段或者相邻网段, 中间环节减少艮多,数据的准确性 和及时性大大提高。特别是对采用无连接协议进行管理的设备,丢包率会显著 下降, 可靠性增强。 采集器可以做一些数据预处理, 网管主控装置也可以分布 部署, 支持多个实施方式, 所以整个分布式网管采集系统的管理¾^莫可达到数 万节点。 由于资源中心只有一套, 所以能很方便的监控到整个网络的状况。
采用本发明实施例提供的分布式的网管采集系统和方法,不需要对各个网 元配置单独配置防火墙规则,只需要简单配置一次采集器和采集管理装置之间 的防火墙规则即可, 大大简化了网络配置工作。
采用本发明实施例提供的分布式的网管采集系统具有良好的适应性,即使 某一个采集器死机或者升级的时候,邻近区域的采集器可以在很短时间内接管 这些网元, 是一个自适应的过程。 系统可扩展能力也很强, 新增加子网可以灵 活地根据网络的负荷来决定是否需要新增加采集器。
以上对本发明实施例所提供的一种分布式网管采集系统、 方法及相关设 备,进行了详细介绍,对于本领域的一般技术人员 ,依据本发明实施例的思想, 在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处, 综上所述,本说明书实施例的 内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种分布式网管采集系统, 其特征在于, 包括:
采集器管理装置,用于接收采集器发送的采集器到网段的路由信息和网元 信息,根据所述的路由信息形成采集器管理范围列表, 并根据所述的采集器管 理范围列表和网元信息来确定采集器管理网元的范围,并通知采集器对其管理 范围内的网元进行管理;
采集器, 用于搜索网元, 向所述的采集器管理装置发送采集器到网段的路 由信息和网元信息, 并才 据采集器管理装置确定的管理范围对网元进行管理。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的分布式网管采集系统, 其特征在于, 所述的路由 信息包括:
采集器到网段的 ping值、 跳数、 可用性。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的分布式网管采集系统, 其特征在于, 所述的采 集管理装置根据所述的采集器管理范围列表确定采集器管理网元的范围;具体 包括:
采集器管理装置根据采集器管理范围列表查找 ping值最小、 跳数最小、 可用的采集器, 并将该采集器确定为该网元的管理者。
4、 如权利要求 1所述的分布式网管采集系统, 其特征在于, 所述的采集 器对网元进行管理, 包括:
采集器收集网元的性能统计数据、 日志数据、告警数据, 并将所收集的数 据发送到所述的采集器管理装置。
5、 如权利要求 1所述的分布式网管采集系统, 其特征在于, 还包括: 网管主控装置, 用于对网元进行接入管理, 维护网元信息, 接收并处理采 集器收集汇总并通过采集器管理装置发送的各种数据;
中央数据服务器,用于保存网元信息、采集器管理范围列表和所述的各种 数据。
6、 一种采集器, 其特征在于, 其包括:
网元信息采集单元, 用于搜索网元, 向采集器管理装置发送所述采集器到 网段的路由信息和采集到的网元信息;
管理通知接收单元, 用于接收采集器管理装置通知采集器管理网元的信 网元管理单元,用于根据所述管理通知接收单元接收的信息对网元进行管 理。
7、 如权利要求 6所述的采集器, 其特征在于, 所述的网元管理单元对网 元进行管理具体包括:
网元管理单元收集网元的性能统计数据、 日志数据、告警数据, 并将所收 集的数据向所述的采集器管理装置发送。
8、 一种采集器管理装置, 其特征在于, 其包括:
信息接收单元, 用于接收采集器到网段的路由信息和网元信息, 并根据所 述的路由信息形成采集器管理范围列表;
归属确定单元,用于才 据所述的采集器管理范围列表和网元信息确定网元 的管理者。
9、 如权利要求 8所述的采集器管理装置, 其特征在于, 所述的路由信息 包括:
采集器到网段的 ping值、 跳数、 可用性。
10、 如权利要求 8所述的采集器管理装置, 其特征在于, 所述的归属确定 单元, 根据采集器管理范围列表查找 ping值最小、 跳数较小、 可用的采集器, 确定该采集器为该网元的管理者。
11、一种如权利要求 1所述的分布式网管采集系统的实现方法, 其特征在 于:
采集器管理装置接收采集器在网络中搜索网元形成的采集器到网段的路 由信息和网元信息,
采集器管理装置根据所述的路由信息形成采集器管理范围列表;
采集器管理装置根据所述的采集器管理范围列表和网元信息来确定采集 器管理网元的范围, 并通知采集器对其管理范围内的网元进行管理。
12、如权利要求 11所述的分布式网管采集系统的实现方法, 其特征在于, 所述的路由信息包括:
采集器到网段的 ping值、 跳数、 可用性。
13、 根据权利要求 11所述的分布式网管采集系统的实现方法, 其特征在 于,所述的采集管理装置才 据所述的采集器管理范围列表确定采集器管理网元 的范围, 具体包括:
采集器管理装置根据采集器管理范围列表查找 ping值最小、跳数最小的、 可用的采集器, 确定该采集器为该网元的管理者。
14、 根据权利要求 13所述的分布式网管采集系统的实现方法, 其特征在 于, 所述的采集器对其管理范围内的网元进行管理, 具体包括:
采集器收集其管理范围内的网元的性能统计数据、 日志数据、 告警数据, 并将所收集的数据向所述的采集器管理装置发送。
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