WO2009086930A1 - Method and apparatus for processing a luminance signal - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for processing a luminance signal Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009086930A1
WO2009086930A1 PCT/EP2008/050164 EP2008050164W WO2009086930A1 WO 2009086930 A1 WO2009086930 A1 WO 2009086930A1 EP 2008050164 W EP2008050164 W EP 2008050164W WO 2009086930 A1 WO2009086930 A1 WO 2009086930A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
signal
luminance signal
median
luminance
average
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2008/050164
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Paul Biezen
Johan Schirris
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority to PCT/EP2008/050164 priority Critical patent/WO2009086930A1/en
Priority to EP08701329A priority patent/EP2241104A1/en
Publication of WO2009086930A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009086930A1/en

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Classifications

    • G06T5/92
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00Image analysis
    • G06T7/10Segmentation; Edge detection
    • G06T7/136Segmentation; Edge detection involving thresholding
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/10Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof for generating image signals from different wavelengths
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/80Camera processing pipelines; Components thereof
    • H04N23/81Camera processing pipelines; Components thereof for suppressing or minimising disturbance in the image signal generation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for processing a luminance signal, a corresponding computer program and a corresponding computer program product.
  • Digital cameras comprise a colour separator for separating the colour information from the luminance information of an image.
  • the colour separator leaves imperfections in the image in the form of the colour filter pattern of the image sensor of the camera. The imperfections limit the amount of subsequent contouring to reach a sufficient resolution.
  • WO99/29101 is directed to a dynamic range modification circuit of a digital camera.
  • a luminance component is selected from a sensor output signal and non-linearly processed to provide a non-linearly processed luminance signal.
  • a modified signal is furnished in dependence upon the non- linearly processed luminance signal.
  • Advantageous embodiments are defined in the dependent claims.
  • the inventive approach allows eliminating or at least reducing the imperfections resulting from the colour separa- tor of a digital camera.
  • a camera with the inventive method implemented may allow more contouring or contrast enhancement without visible artefacts.
  • the inventive approach contributes to an improved picture quality. A better resolution may be achieved.
  • a method for processing a luminance signal of a digital camera wherein the method is characterized in that a first part of the luminance signal, comprising an amplitude being lower than a predetermined threshold value, is eliminated from the luminance signal .
  • a second part of the luminance signal comprising an amplitude being greater than the predetermined threshold value, may be left unchanged. Thus, undisturbed parts of the luminance signal may not be affected by the method.
  • the method may further include the steps of forming a median signal by determining a me- dian of the luminance signal, determining an absolute difference between the luminance signal and the median signal and providing the luminance signal as an output signal if the absolute difference is greater than the threshold R.321126 value. These steps may be easily implemented in a logic block of the digital camera.
  • the method may be characterized by the steps of forming an average signal, by determining an average on the basis of the luminance signal and the median signal and providing the average signal as the output signal if the absolute difference is less than the threshold value. Averaging the first part of the luminance signal allows elimi- nating information carried in the first part of the luminance signal .
  • the step of determining the median signal may comprise a step of delaying the luminance signal by a predetermined time delay.
  • the median signal may be determined by using delay lines.
  • the time delay may be a pixel delay for a horizontal section of the luminance signal and a line delay for a vertical section of the luminance signal.
  • the inventive method is suitable for processing the vertical section of the luminance signal as well as the horizontal section of the luminance signal.
  • the method may be executed a first time for the horizontal or the vertical section and a second time for the other section, wherein the output signal of the first execution of the method may be used as an input luminance signal for the second execution of the method. This allows processing the vertical and the horizontal section of the luminance signal .
  • An inventive apparatus performs all steps of the inventive method.
  • An inventive computer program comprising program code means is configured to perform all steps of the inventive method, when the computer program is executed on a computer or a corresponding processing unit, in particular on an inventive apparatus.
  • An inventive computer program product comprising program code means stored on a computer readable data carrier is provided for performing the inventive method, when the computer program is executed on a computer or a corresponding processing unit, in particular on an inventive apparatus.
  • Figure 1 shows a block diagram according to an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a detailed block diagram according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 3 shows signals according to an embodiment of the invention .
  • Fig. 1 shows an overall block diagram of an apparatus ac- cording to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the apparatus comprises a vertical part 102 and a horizontal part 104.
  • the vertical part 102 is configured to receive a luminance signal y in 112 and to provide an output signal 114.
  • the horizontal part 104 is configured to receive the output signal 114 and to provide an enhanced luminance signal y_out 116 as an output of the apparatus.
  • the vertical part 102 and the horizontal part 104 may comprise time delay elements.
  • a time delay of the vertical part 102 may be equal to a line delay and a time delay of the horizontal part 104 may be equal to a pixel delay.
  • the luminance signal 112 may be provided by a colour separator of a digital camera which separates the colour infor- mation from the luminance information.
  • the luminance signal 112 may comprise disturbances which may lead to imperfections in the image in the form of the colour filter pattern of an image sensor of the digital camera. The imperfections may be of a specific frequency being the pixel clock di- vided by two and the line frequency divided by two.
  • Parts of the luminance signal 112 carrying information with imperfections may be eliminated from the luminance signal 112 by the vertical part 102 and/or the horizontal part 104 of the apparatus.
  • a predetermined threshold value (referred to as threshold in the following) may be used for selecting parts from the luminance signal 112 to be eliminated in order to eliminate imperfections in the luminance signal 112.
  • the predetermined threshold may define a threshold amplitude of the luminance signal 112.
  • the apparatus shown in Fig. 1 may be used as a median fil- ter for an elimination of line and pixel artefacts.
  • the inventive approach may thereby comprise the two parts 102, 104.
  • Both parts 102, 104 may have the same basic principal. The only difference may be the delay period of the time delay elements.
  • the time delay T of the horizontal part 104 may be a pixel delay and the time delay T of the vertical part 102 may be a line delay.
  • An apparatus according to the inventive approach may comprise the vertical part 102 and the horizontal part 104 or only one of the two parts 102, 104. Further, the two parts 102, 104 may be arranged and connected in any suitable manner. For example, the position of the vertical part 102 and the horizontal part 104 may be exchanged. Each of the parts 102, 104 may be configured to perform the inventive method.
  • Fig. 2 shows a detailed block description of a basic block which is configured to perform a method for processing a luminance signal according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the basic block may represent the vertical part 102 or the horizontal part 104 shown in Fig. 1.
  • the basic block is configured to receive the luminance sig- nal y in 112.
  • the luminance signal 112 is the input for a first time delay element T 221, a second time delay element -T 222 and a median element 224.
  • the median element 224 is configured to further receive a first delayed luminance R.321126 signal from the first time delay element 221 and a second delayed luminance signal from the second time delay element 221.
  • the median element 224 is configured to provide a median signal y median 226.
  • An average or averaging block (a+b) /2 228 is configured to receive the luminance signal 112 and the median signal 226 and to provide an average signal y average 229.
  • a- b I ⁇ t 230 is configured to receive the median signal 226, the luminance signal 112 and a threshold 231.
  • y median - y in I ⁇ th, else y select 0.
  • a multiplexer mux 234 is con- figured to receive the luminance signal 112, the average signal 229 and the select signal 232.
  • the multiplexer 234 is configured to provide the luminance signal 112 or the average signal 229 as an output signal y_out 114 depending on a value of the select signal 232.
  • the average signal 229 may be the mathematical average of the luminance signal 112 and the median signal 226.
  • the select signal 232 may carry the value "one” if an absolute value of the median signal 226 minus the luminance signal 112 is smaller than the threshold value, else the select signal 232 may carry the value "zero".
  • the output signal 114 may be equal to the average signal if the select signal 232 is "one”. Otherwise, the output signal 114 may be equal to the luminance signal 112.
  • Fig. 3 shows examples of signals 112, 114, 226, 229 shown in Fig. 2.
  • the signals may be examples of one stage like the vertical part 102 or the horizontal part 104 shown in Fig. 1.
  • the first or upper line shows the luminance signal y in 112.
  • the luminance signal 112 comprise two frequencies.
  • a first part of the luminance signal 112 comprises a max frequency and a second part of the luminance signal 112 com- prises a max/2 frequency.
  • the amplitude of the complete the signal 112 is below the threshold 231.
  • the second line shows the median signal y median 226.
  • the third line shows the average signal y average 229.
  • a part of the average signal 229 corresponding to the first part of the luminance signal 112 comprises an average value.
  • a second part of the average signal 229 corresponding to the second part of the luminance signal 112 is equal to the luminance signal 112.
  • the fourth line shows the output signal y out 114.
  • a part of the output signal 114 corresponding to the first part of the luminance signal 112 comprises the average value.
  • a second part of the output signal 114 corresponding to the second part of the luminance signal 112 is equal to the luminance signal 112.
  • the luminance signal 112 at the max frequency is av- eraged and the luminance signal 112 at the max/2 frequency is passed unaffected.
  • the specific artefacts to be eliminated occur at the max frequency.
  • the threshold value 231 may be adjusted such that a luminance signal 112 at the R.321126 max frequency can be distinguished from a luminance signal 112 at a frequency being below the max frequency.
  • the max frequency may be equal to the Nyquist frequency.
  • the frequency is supposed to be a wanted or desired signal, and the output signal y out 114 equals the input luminance signal y in 112.

Abstract

In a method for processing a luminance signal (112) of a digital camera, a part of the luminance signal comprising an amplitude being lower than a predetermined threshold (231) is eliminated from luminance signal.

Description

07.01.2008
ROBERT BOSCH GMBH, 70442 Stuttgart
Method and apparatus for processing a luminance signal
The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for processing a luminance signal, a corresponding computer program and a corresponding computer program product.
Prior Art
Digital cameras comprise a colour separator for separating the colour information from the luminance information of an image. The colour separator leaves imperfections in the image in the form of the colour filter pattern of the image sensor of the camera. The imperfections limit the amount of subsequent contouring to reach a sufficient resolution.
WO99/29101 is directed to a dynamic range modification circuit of a digital camera. A luminance component is selected from a sensor output signal and non-linearly processed to provide a non-linearly processed luminance signal. A modified signal is furnished in dependence upon the non- linearly processed luminance signal.
It is an object of the invention to provide a method for processing a luminance signal, further an apparatus using R.321126 this method and further a corresponding computer program and a computer program product, according to the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments are defined in the dependent claims.
Advantages of the invention
The inventive approach allows eliminating or at least reducing the imperfections resulting from the colour separa- tor of a digital camera. A camera with the inventive method implemented may allow more contouring or contrast enhancement without visible artefacts. Thus, the inventive approach contributes to an improved picture quality. A better resolution may be achieved.
According to an embodiment a method for processing a luminance signal of a digital camera is provided, wherein the method is characterized in that a first part of the luminance signal, comprising an amplitude being lower than a predetermined threshold value, is eliminated from the luminance signal .
A second part of the luminance signal, comprising an amplitude being greater than the predetermined threshold value, may be left unchanged. Thus, undisturbed parts of the luminance signal may not be affected by the method.
According to an embodiment, the method may further include the steps of forming a median signal by determining a me- dian of the luminance signal, determining an absolute difference between the luminance signal and the median signal and providing the luminance signal as an output signal if the absolute difference is greater than the threshold R.321126 value. These steps may be easily implemented in a logic block of the digital camera.
Further, the method may be characterized by the steps of forming an average signal, by determining an average on the basis of the luminance signal and the median signal and providing the average signal as the output signal if the absolute difference is less than the threshold value. Averaging the first part of the luminance signal allows elimi- nating information carried in the first part of the luminance signal .
The step of determining the median signal may comprise a step of delaying the luminance signal by a predetermined time delay. Thus, the median signal may be determined by using delay lines.
Further, the time delay may be a pixel delay for a horizontal section of the luminance signal and a line delay for a vertical section of the luminance signal. Thus, the inventive method is suitable for processing the vertical section of the luminance signal as well as the horizontal section of the luminance signal.
The method may be executed a first time for the horizontal or the vertical section and a second time for the other section, wherein the output signal of the first execution of the method may be used as an input luminance signal for the second execution of the method. This allows processing the vertical and the horizontal section of the luminance signal . R.321126
An inventive apparatus performs all steps of the inventive method.
An inventive computer program comprising program code means is configured to perform all steps of the inventive method, when the computer program is executed on a computer or a corresponding processing unit, in particular on an inventive apparatus.
An inventive computer program product comprising program code means stored on a computer readable data carrier is provided for performing the inventive method, when the computer program is executed on a computer or a corresponding processing unit, in particular on an inventive apparatus.
Further advantages and embodiments of the invention become apparent from the description and the enclosed figures.
It should be noted that the previous mentioned features and the features to be elucidated in the following are usable not only in the respectively indicated combination, but also in further combinations or taken alone, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
In the drawings:
Figure 1 shows a block diagram according to an embodiment of the invention;
Figure 2 shows a detailed block diagram according to an embodiment of the invention; and R.321126
Figure 3 shows signals according to an embodiment of the invention .
Fig. 1 shows an overall block diagram of an apparatus ac- cording to an embodiment of the invention. The apparatus comprises a vertical part 102 and a horizontal part 104.
The vertical part 102 is configured to receive a luminance signal y in 112 and to provide an output signal 114. The horizontal part 104 is configured to receive the output signal 114 and to provide an enhanced luminance signal y_out 116 as an output of the apparatus.
The vertical part 102 and the horizontal part 104 may comprise time delay elements. A time delay of the vertical part 102 may be equal to a line delay and a time delay of the horizontal part 104 may be equal to a pixel delay.
The luminance signal 112 may be provided by a colour separator of a digital camera which separates the colour infor- mation from the luminance information. The luminance signal 112 may comprise disturbances which may lead to imperfections in the image in the form of the colour filter pattern of an image sensor of the digital camera. The imperfections may be of a specific frequency being the pixel clock di- vided by two and the line frequency divided by two.
Parts of the luminance signal 112 carrying information with imperfections may be eliminated from the luminance signal 112 by the vertical part 102 and/or the horizontal part 104 of the apparatus. A predetermined threshold value (referred to as threshold in the following) may be used for selecting parts from the luminance signal 112 to be eliminated in order to eliminate imperfections in the luminance signal 112. R.321126
The predetermined threshold may define a threshold amplitude of the luminance signal 112.
The apparatus shown in Fig. 1 may be used as a median fil- ter for an elimination of line and pixel artefacts. The inventive approach may thereby comprise the two parts 102, 104. The first part 102 for the vertical and the second part 104 for the horizontal processing. Both parts 102, 104 may have the same basic principal. The only difference may be the delay period of the time delay elements. The time delay T of the horizontal part 104 may be a pixel delay and the time delay T of the vertical part 102 may be a line delay.
An apparatus according to the inventive approach may comprise the vertical part 102 and the horizontal part 104 or only one of the two parts 102, 104. Further, the two parts 102, 104 may be arranged and connected in any suitable manner. For example, the position of the vertical part 102 and the horizontal part 104 may be exchanged. Each of the parts 102, 104 may be configured to perform the inventive method.
Fig. 2 shows a detailed block description of a basic block which is configured to perform a method for processing a luminance signal according to an embodiment of the invention. The basic block may represent the vertical part 102 or the horizontal part 104 shown in Fig. 1.
The basic block is configured to receive the luminance sig- nal y in 112. The luminance signal 112 is the input for a first time delay element T 221, a second time delay element -T 222 and a median element 224. The median element 224 is configured to further receive a first delayed luminance R.321126 signal from the first time delay element 221 and a second delayed luminance signal from the second time delay element 221. The median element 224 is configured to provide a median signal y median 226. An average or averaging block (a+b) /2 228 is configured to receive the luminance signal 112 and the median signal 226 and to provide an average signal y average 229. The average block 228 is configured to determine the average signal 229 according to the function y_average = (y_in + y_median)/2. A select block | a- b I <t 230 is configured to receive the median signal 226, the luminance signal 112 and a threshold 231. The select block 230 is configured to provide a select signal y_select 232 according to the function y select = 1 if |y median - y in I <th, else y select = 0. A multiplexer mux 234 is con- figured to receive the luminance signal 112, the average signal 229 and the select signal 232. The multiplexer 234 is configured to provide the luminance signal 112 or the average signal 229 as an output signal y_out 114 depending on a value of the select signal 232.
From the input luminance signal 112 a three point median may be made forming the median signal 226. The average signal 229 may be the mathematical average of the luminance signal 112 and the median signal 226. The select signal 232 may carry the value "one" if an absolute value of the median signal 226 minus the luminance signal 112 is smaller than the threshold value, else the select signal 232 may carry the value "zero". The output signal 114 may be equal to the average signal if the select signal 232 is "one". Otherwise, the output signal 114 may be equal to the luminance signal 112. R.321126
Fig. 3 shows examples of signals 112, 114, 226, 229 shown in Fig. 2. The signals may be examples of one stage like the vertical part 102 or the horizontal part 104 shown in Fig. 1.
The first or upper line shows the luminance signal y in 112. The luminance signal 112 comprise two frequencies. A first part of the luminance signal 112 comprises a max frequency and a second part of the luminance signal 112 com- prises a max/2 frequency. In this example the amplitude of the complete the signal 112 is below the threshold 231.
The second line shows the median signal y median 226.
The third line shows the average signal y average 229. A part of the average signal 229 corresponding to the first part of the luminance signal 112 comprises an average value. A second part of the average signal 229 corresponding to the second part of the luminance signal 112 is equal to the luminance signal 112.
The fourth line shows the output signal y out 114. A part of the output signal 114 corresponding to the first part of the luminance signal 112 comprises the average value. A second part of the output signal 114 corresponding to the second part of the luminance signal 112 is equal to the luminance signal 112.
Thus, the luminance signal 112 at the max frequency is av- eraged and the luminance signal 112 at the max/2 frequency is passed unaffected. The specific artefacts to be eliminated occur at the max frequency. Thus, the threshold value 231 may be adjusted such that a luminance signal 112 at the R.321126 max frequency can be distinguished from a luminance signal 112 at a frequency being below the max frequency. The max frequency may be equal to the Nyquist frequency.
When using both the vertical and horizontal implementation of the basic block shown in Fig. 2, those frequencies being below a certain threshold will be averaged and thus no longer be visible.
If the amplitude, i.e. a peak to peak value divided by 2, of the input luminance signal 112 at the max frequency is above the threshold level, then the frequency is supposed to be a wanted or desired signal, and the output signal y out 114 equals the input luminance signal y in 112.
The inventive approach is not limited to the field of digital cameras. The described equations and circuit blocks may be replaced by similar ones without leaving the scope of the invention.

Claims

R.32112607.01.2008ROBERT BOSCH GMBH, 70442 StuttgartClaims
1. Method for processing a luminance signal (112) of a digital camera, characterized in that
a first part of the luminance signal, comprising an amplitude being lower than a predetermined threshold value (231), is eliminated from the luminance signal.
2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that a second part of the luminance signal (112), comprising an amplitude being greater than the predetermined threshold value (231), is left unchanged.
3. Method according to one of the previous claims, char- acterized by the steps of
forming a median signal (226) by determining a median of the luminance signal (112);
determining an absolute difference between the luminance signal and the median signal; and R.321126 providing the luminance signal as an output signal (114) if the absolute difference is greater than the threshold value (231) .
4. Method according to claim 3, characterized by the steps of
forming an average signal (229) by determining an average out of the luminance signal (112) and the median signal (226); and
providing the average signal (229) as the output signal (114) if the absolute difference is less than the threshold value (231) .
5. Method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the step of determining the median signal (226) comprises a step of delaying the luminance signal (112) by a predetermined time delay.
6. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that the time delay is a pixel delay for a horizontal section of the luminance (112) signal and a line delay for a vertical section of the luminance signal.
7. Method according to claim 6 characterized in that the method is executed a first time for the horizontal or the vertical section and a second time for the other section, wherein the output signal (114) of the first execution of the method is used as an input luminance signal for the second execution of the method. R.321126
8. Apparatus for performing all steps of a method according to one of the previous claims.
9. Computer program comprising program code means for performing all steps of a method according to one of the claims 1 to 7, when the computer program is executed on a computer or a corresponding processing unit.
10. Computer program product comprising program code means stored on a computer readable data carrier, for performing all steps of a method according to one of the claims 1 to 7, when the computer program is executed on a computer or a corresponding processing unit.
PCT/EP2008/050164 2008-01-09 2008-01-09 Method and apparatus for processing a luminance signal WO2009086930A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2008/050164 WO2009086930A1 (en) 2008-01-09 2008-01-09 Method and apparatus for processing a luminance signal
EP08701329A EP2241104A1 (en) 2008-01-09 2008-01-09 Method and apparatus for processing a luminance signal

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2008/050164 WO2009086930A1 (en) 2008-01-09 2008-01-09 Method and apparatus for processing a luminance signal

Publications (1)

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WO2009086930A1 true WO2009086930A1 (en) 2009-07-16

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Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4962426A (en) * 1988-04-07 1990-10-09 Hitachi, Ltd. Dynamic noise reduction circuit for image luminance signal
EP1816875A1 (en) * 2006-02-01 2007-08-08 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Video signal processing method and device using coring means

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4962426A (en) * 1988-04-07 1990-10-09 Hitachi, Ltd. Dynamic noise reduction circuit for image luminance signal
EP1816875A1 (en) * 2006-02-01 2007-08-08 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Video signal processing method and device using coring means

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
A. MÜFIT FERMAN, A. MURAT TEKALP: "Efficient filtering and clustering methods for temporal video segmentation and visual summarization", JOURNAL OF VISUAL COMMUNICATION AND IMAGE REPRESENTATION ACADEMIC PRESS USA, vol. 9, no. 4, December 1998 (1998-12-01), pages 336 - 351, XP002492445, ISSN: 1047-3203 *
HOW-LUNG ENG ET AL: "Noise adaptive soft-switching median filter for image denoising", ACOUSTICS, SPEECH, AND SIGNAL PROCESSING, 2000. ICASSP '00. PROCEEDING S. 2000 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON 5-9 JUNE 2000, PISCATAWAY, NJ, USA,IEEE, vol. 6, 5 June 2000 (2000-06-05), pages 2175 - 2178, XP010504731, ISBN: 978-0-7803-6293-2 *

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