WO2009082257A1

WO2009082257A1 - Portable device for spraying trees and for mist irrigation of vegetables

Info

Publication number: WO2009082257A1
Application number: PCT/RU2007/000737
Authority: WO
Inventors: Albert Izrailovich Gulko
Original assignee: Albert Izrailovich Gulko
Priority date: 2007-12-26
Filing date: 2007-12-26
Publication date: 2009-07-02

Abstract

The invention relates to small-sized portable devices for treating trees, berry bushes and vegetables against pests and for carrying out a dosed water-saving irrigation associated with fertilisation. The inventive device is in the form of a sprayer mounted on a device floating in reservoir with a working liquid, which is designed, for example in the form of a barrel. The sprayer comprises an immersed vibration pump which is secured from the top on the axis of a supporting device on an extension spring and is used for upwardly pumping a liquid solution. The pressurized liquid passes from the delivery pipe of the vibration pump via a fitting adapter to a liquid pressure regulator which is connected to a detachable device for spraying and electrically controlling the operation of the sprayer. The inventive device makes it possible to facilitate a process of treating fruit and vegetable gardens at farms at high performance.

Description

Portable device for spraying trees and fine watering vegetables

The invention relates to a device for processing fruit trees, berry bushes, vegetables and ornamental plants with a liquid solution of chemicals and fertilizers for protection against pests and diseases, foliar feeding of plants, economical watering with wide spraying.

Portable sprayers are known that contain a cylindrical body, a stem with a piston and a handle and an intake-spraying unit located at the end of the body (see SU JVb 1739937 class A 01 M 7/00, SU JTs 1803015 class A 01 M 7/00; UA tfg 47416 C. A Ol M 7/00 - inventions of the USSR and Ukraine).

The disadvantage of all of them is the insufficient intake capacity for spraying within 3-4 liters, the heavy manual labor when taking the liquid and squeezing it out, resulting in low productivity, poor spraying quality due to poor atomization.

Known portable sprayers consisting of a reservoir for a working fluid with a filler neck with a filter, a hand pump and a water outlet hose (see SU N ° 246207 MPK A 01 M 7/00). The disadvantage of the sprayer is the limited capacity within 10 liters, manual swinging - heavy manual labor, low productivity, difficulty in cleaning after operation, and when the working fluid is emptied in the tank, the spray pressure drops.

Known portable sprayers in which liquid is poured and pumped into it manually with air or with a foot drive (see Ukrainian patents UA N ° 15541, UA W 23404 class A 01 M 7/00 German patent DE W 19511885 class A 01 M 7 / 00).

The disadvantage of the sprayer: hard work, low productivity, complexity of operation.

Known machines for chemical plant protection - machine sprayers with electric pumps. The working bodies of these sprayers consist of tanks, pumps, filters, pressure regulators, spray guns, spray gun systems and refueling devices. (See the Textbook V.M.Kholansky, I.V. Gorbachev ((Agricultural machinery "p. 215 ... 218. Moscow" Kolocc "2004. (I)).

In machine sprayers, piston, centrifugal, gear, diaphragm, roller and rotary pumps are installed. Main characteristics pump - feed (l / min) and fluid pressure (MPa). Vibration pumps in chemical plant protection machines are not used as low-power and do not provide high performance in large farms.

Well-known machine sprayers are highly productive, because they work from expensive, energy-intensive, complex devices and therefore they are applicable in large farms where the gardens have driveways and spaces between trees, rather than farm and individual gardens, where the trees are also thickened and there is nowhere for cars to accommodate. The spray flow rate of machine sprayers is large.

However, in horticultural and farming enterprises, the use of cheap and large-sized sprayers based on vibrating electric pumps will provide a multiple increase in productivity and eliminate manual labor for pumping air into pneumatic sprayers with a working fluid reservoir of no more than 10 liters.

The closest technical solution to the claimed invention is a device for spraying with liquid (see German patent JVb 25.09.297 class A 01 M 7/00), consisting of a transparent plastic tank with a bottom recess in the bottom of the tank and a submersible pump installed in the tank, which It is designed as an electric piston pump built into a tubular body, which is made with a cover. The electric pump is used to pump the liquid solution up and is made with a vertical central axis of location. The tank is closed from above by a tightly removable lid by means of a quick-acting screw lock, which, due to the bayonet fastening elements or threaded elements provided in three places, ensures immobility and tightness is ensured by a seal - a spacer ring 4, which fits tightly onto the upper end surface of the tank and is firmly pressed by the flange covers.

The electric pump pumps the solution through the pipe into the intermediate tank, which is tightly closed with a cap on the lid. The cap contains a connecting fitting for the hose, which is inserted into the tube. After fixing the connecting fitting, the intermediate tank becomes a pressure chamber, which presses on the lid.

The recess serves as a measuring cup, so that after removing the lid, powdered or liquid substances in a certain amount can be poured into it, and then fill the tank with water. The cover has an opening for the cabled lead to the electromagnetic piston pump. Thus famous the sprayer has devices - hoses for draining the liquid solution into the spray device (not shown in the drawing, not described in the description) and an electric pump control device (not shown in the drawing, not described in the description). A well-known sprayer in the description says that it should be considered as portable.

Known sprayer has the following disadvantages compared with the claimed device:

1. According to the description and claims, the device and type of electric pump are contradictory. It is built into the bottom of the tubular device as submersible and difficult to access during operation. The first paragraph of the claims does not even say that it is an electric pump.

2. The plastic tank is rather complicated; its transparency is short-lived.

3. The presence of an intermediate discharge chamber complicates the design and operation of the removable cover. The need for its tightness creates the complexity of its assembly and disassembly, requires the installation of high-speed locks.

4. There is no need to fill powdered and liquid substances in the recess, and then pour water into the tank. It is more correct to make the liquid solution separately in glass or ceramic dishes and pour it through the watering can into the sprayer tank and you do not need a cleaning filter on the electric pump.

5. Not shown in the description of the hose feed, spray and sprayer control device.

The technical result to which the claimed invention is directed is to create a portable, easy-to-use mechanized device placed on a small floating round pontoon in tanks for working fluid installed in the farmer’s garden, with a full working set of devices from pumping the solution to spraying, in which the pump is replaced by an electric pump, which eliminates heavy physical labor during spraying in the garden and in the garden of the farmer, gardener.

In addition, the task is to create a productive and at the same time cheap device compared to machine sprayers. The stated technical problems are solved in that the portable device, which is a sprayer with a submersible electric pump, placed in the reservoir for the working fluid, which serves to pump the liquid solution up and is made with a vertical central axis of location, including hose devices drainage of the liquid solution from the pressure chamber of the electric pump under pressure, the spraying device and electrically controlling the operation of the sprayer according to the invention, the sprayer is equipped with a floating device in the liquid tank, and the electric pump for pumping the liquid is vibrational and mounted on top of a tension spring mounted on the axis of the supporting device, which contains a lower the tubular part, the middle disk support device, which is mounted on a floating device and contains a lower tube the second part, the middle disk supporting part lying on the upper surface of the floating device, and two supporting posts located in the upper part of the supporting device with holes for mounting the axis, while the floating device is made with a central mounting hole in which the supporting device is inserted with its lower tubular part inside which there is a vibrating electric pump, while the axis is mounted on top in the holes of the side support posts. And the liquid under pressure from the discharge tube of the vibrating electric pump passes through the fitting, mounted on the discharge tube of the electric pump, to the fluid pressure regulator, which is connected via a detachable hose device with union connections to a detachable device for spraying and electrically controlling the process of turning the pump on and off. The detachable spray device consists of a measured length rail, mainly wooden, on which a hose is bolted to the inlet and outlet nozzles with connections for supplying a liquid solution to the spray head fixed to the outlet nozzle, and the hose in the gap between the nozzles is fixed with elastic shock absorbers.

The floating device consists of a metal round small pontoon, balancing the buoyancy of the liquid mass of the electric pump with hoses and a support device.

The holes in the support posts are configured to adjust the position of the vibrating electric pump in height relative to the bottom of the floating device.

The pressure regulator comprises a housing with a lower inlet threaded hole for the inlet fitting screwed into the discharge tube of the electric pump, and a transverse through horizontal hole perpendicular to the lower inlet, relative to which the horizontal hole is divided into the outlet and, on the other hand, a shut-off, in which an adjustable drain valve is installed to discharge the liquid solution with a sharp increase in pressure when the nozzle is clogged in the lower drain hole located behind the adjustable m drain valve which consists of a stop with a seal and a stop screw, with a shock absorber located between them, tuned to the fluid pressure from the electric pump.

The detachable hose device contains a PVC hose pipe, which is worn on both sides of the nipple fittings of the joints in which they are coupled with union nuts and seals, providing an easy and tight connection to the pressure regulator and to the liquid spray device.

The device for electrically controlling the process of turning on and off the vibrational electric pump from the electrical outlet to the electric motor contains a sealed plug system and an intermittent switch disconnecting one phase wire, an extension cord with a sealed plug and a sealed outlet fixed to the rail.

The proposed sprayer uses a typical high-performance small-sized submersible vibrating electric pump from the number produced in the Russian Federation and the CIS, operating in a suspended state, which makes it possible to develop a fundamentally new design of a mechanized sprayer in stationary tanks on a floating device.

The introduction to the sprayer device of a new unit-support device, which is installed without mounting on a floating device, allows the compact integration of a vibrating electric pump in the barrel tank, while maintaining easy collection and dismantling. The electric pump fixed through a tension spring on the support device is quickly removed from the drum reservoir together with the support device when the electric pump is off.

The floating pontoon in the tank allows you to quickly set the sprayer to its working position.

The presence of a pressure regulator and a two-arm sprayer is a protective device of the electric pump when the liquid is clogged during the spraying process.

The use of a hose device with connections ensures rapid collection and tightness of the fluid supply under pressure.

The new atomization and electric control device creates convenience when processing tall fruit trees due to the height of the rail.

On Fig schematically shows the proposed floating device installed in the tank (barrel). General form. Spray device not shown.

Figure 2 is the same. View B; on figs - section AA in fig.l; figure 4 - a device for spraying liquid and electrical on and off the electric pump in a detachable option; figure 5 is the same. View In figure 4; figure 6 - section DD in figure 4; Fig.7 - schematically shows a vibrating electric pump in section; in Fig.8 is a view of G in Fig.l; figure 9 - schematically shows the device of the sprayer in the working position.

In FIG. 1 and 2 show a reservoir for a liquid solution, made in the form of a standard barrel 1 with a capacity of 200 liters, used for irrigation.

On the input surface of the tank there is a floating pontoon 2, on the upper surface 3 of which there is a submersible electric vibration pump 4 for pumping a liquid solution, made with a vertical central axis of arrangement, which is suspended from above on a tension spring 5 on the axis 6 of the supporting device 7, which is located in the center the pontoon 2 and is mounted on its upper surface 3 by a disk support part 9 of the support device 7. The support device 7 comprises a lower tubular part 10 with an outer diameter of the pipe D inserted in ntralnoe insertion hole 11 of the pontoon 2. The supporting device 7 consists of a lower tubular portion 10, disc supporting portion 9 and at the top of the support device 7 two uprights 12 with apertures 13 for mounting axis 6 with threaded fastening nuts 8.

The axis 14 of the holes 13 located at a distance "a" from each other (see Fig. 8) provides the ability to adjust the position of the vibrating electric pump 4 in height when lowering the liquid level along the wall 15 of the barrel 1 to a certain level at a distance of "H" from the bottom 16 barrels 1. The metal cylindrical pontoon 2 balances afloat with its buoyant force of the displaced liquid the weight of the pontoon itself, an electric pump with hoses, and a support device. The buoyancy of the pontoon is F in kg.

F = 0.785 (Dfr- D ² ) h p> 1.1 P

DH - outer diameter of the pontoon in dm D - inner diameter of the pontoon in dm h - pontoon height in dm p - specific gravity of the aqueous solution kg / dm ³

P is the total weight of the pontoon, electric pump, support device, hoses in kg The lower part of the electric pump 4 is made with holes 17 in its bottom to ensure liquid is sucked through valve 18. The electric pump 4 pumps the working fluid to the pressure regulator 19, discharging the fluid back into the tank when the nozzles become clogged.

The housing 20 of the electric pump 4 is located inside the pipe with an inner diameter Di that is larger than the maximum diameter Dg of the electric pump 4. The electric pump 4 is supplied from the electric outlet 21 of a 220 V network with an electric wire 22 with a plug 23 and through a sealed outlet 24 that does not close the electric pump 4. The electric pump It is switched on by an intermittent switch of the electric control system on a detachable spray device. The electric pump draws liquid from the tank 1 and through the discharge pipe 25 and the nozzle 26 pumps the liquid solution through the pressure regulator 19 to the connecting hose device 27, which is connected to the pressure regulator through the connection 28.

The pressure regulator 19 comprises a housing part 29 made of an alloy of non-ferrous metals of brass or bronze, with a lower inlet threaded hole for the inlet fitting and a transverse through horizontal hole, perpendicular to the lower inlet, relative to which the horizontal hole is divided into the outlet 30 and, on the other hand, the shut-off 31 , in which an adjustable drain valve is installed to discharge the liquid solution with a sharp increase in pressure when the nozzle is clogged. The discharge is carried out in the lower drain hole located behind the drain valve. The drain valve consists of a stop 33 with a seal 34 and a stop screw 35 with a shock absorber 32 located between them, tuned to the fluid pressure from the electric pump.

Thus, the drain valve of the pressure regulator 19 is a system for protecting the electric pump from overloads in case of clogging in the fluid supply system and increased voltage in the network.

The pressure regulator 19 from the side of the hole 30 is connected to a hose device 27, which consists of a PVC hose 36, rigidly connected on both sides with nipple fittings 37, which allow the hose devices 27 to be screwed on with the union nuts 38 without rotating the hose 36 itself. The ends of the hose 36 are put on on the nipple fittings 37, which end faces attract on the one side to the end face of the housing 29 of the pressure regulator 19, and on the other hand to the device for spraying. Seals 39 and 40 eliminate fluid leakage. Seals 40 are clamped with washers 41 and nuts 42. Parts 38,39,40,41,42 are connections 28 for hose devices 27. The detachable atomization and electric control device (see Fig. 4; Fig. 5; Fig. 8; Fig. 9) is a rail 43 of measured length in the interval L = 2 ... 5 m, depending on the height of fruit trees and the pressure head of the electric pump . Rail 43, mainly a wooden square of dried pine or a metal tube. At the input and output ends of the rail 43, metal holders 44 are fastened with bolts 45, washers 46 and nuts 47. The metal holders 44 consist of a channel base made of thin metal and brackets with a bent strip with a hole for mounting the fittings of input 48 and output 94 with tensioned on them the ends with flexible hose 49 made of PVC and with an inner diameter “d” of 8-10 mm. With a long rail 43 in the intervals between the fittings of the input 48 and output 94, elastic shock absorbers 50 are fixed on the surface of the rail 43, clamped with metal brackets 51, using bolts 52, washers 53 and nuts 54. The inlet fitting 48 is clamped with a nut 55 in a detachable position, and on the outlet nozzle 94 is screwed on the spray head 56. The spray heads 56 in the embodiment are double-arm. They can be single-track, double-arm and multi-track with a longitudinal jet direction, oblique-rotary and rotary-perpendicular, depending on the spray zone and the pressure force of the electric pump.

The combined spray head 56 with two nozzles consists of a liquid jet divider 57 onto the distributors 58 and 59, tightened by a pin 60 and a clamp 61, placed in the caps 62 of the vortex nozzles 63. The caps 62 are made with an outlet di, the size of which creates a spray zone.

At the rear of the rack 43 is placed a sealed interrupt switch 64, secured with screws 65, closed by a casing 66 and connected to a sealed plug 67.

In the electric control system of the operation of the electric pump 4, the socket 24 is connected to the plug 68 of the extension cord 69, which through its end socket 70 is connected to the plug 67 and then the electric pump 4 is turned on and off by the intermittent switch 64.

A typical electric pump 4, such as “Baby”, “Strymok”, “Neptyn”, “Pitchek” and other manufactured by enterprises of the Russian Federation, Ukraine, Belarus, consists of a hydraulic chamber 71 located at the bottom and an electromagnet 72 located at the top (see Fig. .1 and Fig. 7). The hydraulic chamber 71 consists of a suction compartment 73 and a discharge chamber 74, separated by a piston 75, mounted on a rod 76. A rubber shock absorber 77 and a rubber diaphragm 78 with a stop 79 fixed in the coupling 80 at a certain distance from each other, separate the electromagnet 72 from the hydraulic chamber 71. On the yoke 81 of the electromagnet 72 there are 2 coils 82 connected in series. An anchor 83 is located in the lower part of the electromagnet device. Anchor 83, a shock absorber 77, a diaphragm 78 and a piston 75 are mounted on the rod 76. An adjusting washer 84 is installed between the armature 83 and the shock absorber 77. An adjusting washer 85 is mounted between the piston 75 and the diaphragm 78.

The hydraulic chamber 71 occupies the space between the diaphragm 78 and the lower part of the base 86, in which the suction openings 17 are made, covered by a rubber valve 18. The upper part of the housing ends with the outlet pipe 88, the inner diameter of which is carved and the fitting 26 is screwed into it. On the opposite side a threaded sleeve 89 is screwed into the upper part of the housing, through which a wire 90 passes in a rubber tube for power supply 87. An eye 91 is made in the center of the upper part of the housing with a hole “ch” for suspending electric ktronasosa. The upper part of the casing is fixed with the lower 4 screws 92 and the tightened nuts 93.

The supply of fluid from the electric pump 4 after it is immersed in a liquid solution in the tank 1 with subsequent switching on is carried out due to vibrational vibrations of the electromagnetic drive during the reciprocating movement of the piston. When the rod 76 rises, the liquid is sucked through the openings 17 into the suction compartment 73 and at the same time is pushed along the discharge tube 25 up into the pressure regulator 19 and then into the spray head 56. When the rod 76 is lowered, the valve 18 closes and the liquid is squeezed out of the suction compartment into the discharge chamber the edges of the piston 75 and again into the discharge pipe 25 and up. The fluid is supplied continuously.

The height Hi is the distance from the suspension point of the electric pump 4 to the lower protruding part of the electric pump housing.

In the idle state, the device for spraying is disassembled compactly into the following nodes: pontoon, support device; an engine with a pressure regulator, a spring 5 and an inclusion wire 22, a hose device with union connections; extension; detachable spray and start device.

The preparation of the device for operation is as follows, a. A pontoon is lowered to the surface of the liquid in the barrel (tank). b. A support device is installed on the pontoon, on which one axle nut 8 is unscrewed

6. c. Install the electric pump 4 with a tension spring 5 threaded into the eye 91.

Insert the axis into the upper eye of the spring 5 and suspend the electric pump on the axis 6 of the support device and then fasten the axis with nut 8. d. Connect the pressure regulator 19 to the rail with a detachable device for spraying 19 using a hose device 27 and union connections 28. Connect extension cord 69 to outlet 24 and to plug 67 on the spray device. e. Plug the plug 23 into a power outlet 21 and use the intermittent switch 64 to check the operation of the spray devices 56 and pressure regulator 19. If necessary, adjust, flush, and seal with seals. The adjusted sprayer is switched on to the operating mode. e. After emptying the tank, the electric pump 4 is turned off, then the tank is filled again with a liquid solution and turned on. The duration of the emptying of the tank is experimentally determined during continuous operation of the electric pump. With a hose length of up to 15 meters, the sprayer does not lose its pressure, allowing you to spray trees up to 8 ... 10 m high. After work is completed, small residual working solution is poured from the tank and the tank is poured with clean water. Flush the electric pump and the hose and spray system. After that, the disassembled nodes of the sprayer are disassembled and washed, then dried.

The proposed device is tested in tanks 1 on the garden plot of the farmer. In a farm, the proposed sprayer can process up to 1 hectare of a garden with tall trees in 1 day. Compared with machine, tractor sprayers, the proposed sprayer is cheap, simple, convenient at a sufficiently high productivity.

In terms of ease of use and productivity, the proposed device is superior to all types of sprayers with a hand pump and does not differ much in cost.

Claims

Claim

1. A portable device for spraying trees and finely dispersed vegetables with a liquid solution of chemicals or fertilizers, which is a sprayer consisting of a submersible electric pump, which is placed in the reservoir for the working fluid, which serves to pump the liquid solution up and made with a vertical central axis of location, including hose devices for draining the liquid solution from the pressure chamber of the electric pump under pressure, spraying devices and electrically controlled operation spray spruce, characterized in that the sprayer is equipped with a floating device in the liquid tank, and the electric pump for pumping the liquid is vibrated and mounted on top of a tension spring mounted on the axis of the supporting device, which is mounted on the floating device and contains a lower tubular part, a middle disk supporting part lying on the upper surface of the floating device, and located in the upper part of the supporting device of two supporting posts with holes for mounting the axis, while the floating device you filled with a central mounting hole, into which the support device is inserted with its lower tubular part, inside of which there is a vibrating electric pump suspended on an axis mounted above in the holes of the side support legs, and liquid under pressure from the discharge tube of the vibrating electric pump passes through a fitting fixed to the discharge the electric pump tube, to the fluid pressure regulator, which is connected by means of a detachable hose device with union connections with a detachable device roystvom spray and electric process of switching on and off of the electric pump.

2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the detachable spray device consists of a measured length rail, mainly wooden, on which a hose with inlet and outlet fittings with connections for supplying a liquid solution to the spray head fixed to the outlet nozzle is bolted, and the hose between the fittings is secured with elastic shock absorbers.

3. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the floating device consists of a metal cylindrical pontoon, balancing the buoyancy of the liquid mass of the electric pump with hoses and a supporting device.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the holes in the support legs of the support device provide for the adjustment of the position of the vibrating electric pump in height relative to the bottom of the floating device.

5. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the pressure regulator comprises a housing with a lower inlet threaded hole for the inlet fitting screwed into the discharge pipe of the electric pump, and a transverse through horizontal hole perpendicular to the lower inlet, relative to which the horizontal hole is divided by the outlet and on the other hand, a shut-off valve, in which an adjustable bleed valve is installed to discharge the liquid solution with a sharp increase in pressure when the nozzle is clogged into the lower bleed the hole located behind the drain valve, while the adjustable drain valve of the pressure regulator consists of a stop with a seal and a stop screw, with a shock absorber located between them, tuned to the fluid pressure from the electric pump ..

6. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the detachable hose device comprises a PVC hose pipe, which is worn on both sides of the nipple fittings of the joints in which they are connected with union nuts and seals, with the possibility of providing an easy and tight connection to the pressure regulator and with a device for spraying a liquid solution.

7. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the device for electrically controlling the process of turning on and off the vibrating electric pump from the electrical outlet of the network to the electric motor contains a sealed plug system and an intermittent switch disconnecting one phase wire, an extension cord with a sealed plug and a sealed socket, fixed to the rail.

8. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the spray head is made with a mesh spray for irrigation.

9. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the spray head is made with vortex sprays for spraying and dosed irrigation.