WO2009077495A2 - Fatty acyl isethionate product-containing liquid cleansing compositions stabilized with mixture of long chain and short chain fatty acids/fatty soaps - Google Patents
Fatty acyl isethionate product-containing liquid cleansing compositions stabilized with mixture of long chain and short chain fatty acids/fatty soaps Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009077495A2 WO2009077495A2 PCT/EP2008/067530 EP2008067530W WO2009077495A2 WO 2009077495 A2 WO2009077495 A2 WO 2009077495A2 EP 2008067530 W EP2008067530 W EP 2008067530W WO 2009077495 A2 WO2009077495 A2 WO 2009077495A2
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- acyl isethionate
- soaps
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
- A61Q19/10—Washing or bathing preparations
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K8/0295—Liquid crystals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
- A61K8/36—Carboxylic acids; Salts or anhydrides thereof
- A61K8/361—Carboxylic acids having more than seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain; Salts or anhydrides thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/46—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing sulfur
- A61K8/466—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing sulfur containing sulfonic acid derivatives; Salts
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
- A61Q5/02—Preparations for cleaning the hair
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
- A61K2800/52—Stabilizers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
- A61K2800/59—Mixtures
- A61K2800/596—Mixtures of surface active compounds
Definitions
- the invention is directed to personal care skin or hair liquid cleansing compositions.
- it relates to such personal care skin or hair cleansing compositions in which fatty acyl isethionate surfactants products having more than 5 wt% of free fatty acid/fatty soaps are used in the liquid composition.
- the liquid compositions in which the surfactants are found are stabilised with a specific mixture of long chain and short chain fatty acids/fatty soaps, wherein linear long chain fatty acids/fatty soaps (> 14 carbons) comprise more than 20 wt% and less than 70 wt% of total fatty acids/fatty soaps in said liquid compositions.
- Fatty acyl isethionates are anionic surfactants highly desirable in personal care skin or hair cleansing products, particularly in personal care products, because they lather well, are mild to the skin and have good emollient properties.
- fatty acid isethionates are produced by esterification of fatty acids or by reaction of fatty acid chloride having carbon chain length of Cs to C 2 0 with isethionate.
- a typical fatty acyl isethionate surfactant product e.g., commercially sold or made surfactant product
- the fatty acyl isethionate component of the surfactant product tends to form insoluble surfactant crystals with the amount of crystals depending strongly on the storage temperature due to the wide range of dissolution temperatures of these crystals. This in turn results in unstable liquid cleansers which exhibit very thick or very thin consistency at low and elevated temperatures. At low temperature, the liquid composition becomes a semi-solid gel which is difficult to use. At elevated temperature, the liquid composition turns into water-thin liquid which causes phase separation of the product. This is exemplified in Figure 1 , in which the viscosity at 25 and 4O 0 C of Comparative Example 1 A is shown.
- Comparative Example 1A is a liquid which contains 36 wt% of fatty acyl isethionate product (Dove® Noodle) and has a viscosity ratio at 4O 0 C to 25 0 C of about 0.0234 when measured at 0.01 s "1 . At 25 0 C, this liquid has very high viscosity; and the liquid composition becomes water thin at 4O 0 C.
- Dove® Noodle fatty acyl isethionate product
- compositions particularly those where fatty acyl isethionate surfactant product with 10 wt% of more free fatty acids is used, having consistent viscosity at both low and elevated temperatures. It would further be advantageous to have a way of manipulating compositional ingredients to ensure such consistent viscosity is obtained and that fatty acyl isethionate product, no matter what their free fatty acid/fatty soap content or what the chain lengths of the fatty acyl isethionate, fatty acid or fatty acid/fatty soap component, can be readily used in a liquid cleanser composition.
- the present invention provides precisely such compositions and processes for making such compositions.
- U.S. Patent No. 5,952,286 and U.S. Patent No. 6,077,816, both to Puvvada, disclose liquid cleansing compositions which may contain acyl isethionates and which comprise soluble, lamellar phase inducing structurant (e.g., branched fatty acid).
- acyl isethionates and which comprise soluble, lamellar phase inducing structurant (e.g., branched fatty acid).
- U.S. Patent No. 5,132,037 to Greene et al. disclose compositions with C 8 to C 22 acyl isethionates, synthetics, and free fatty acids, preferably Ci 6 or higher. Free fatty acids of 8-22 carbons are incorporated within the compositions claimed in these patents to operate as lather enhancing agents and as skin feel, lubricity, and creaminess enhancers rather than as a stabiliser to maintain liquid consistency at low and high temperature storage conditions (lines 29 to 39, column 2 of US patent 5,132,037). There is no teaching on how to use a specific mixture and the required level of long chain and short chain fatty acids to provide - A -
- compositions that can provide consistent viscosity at elevated temperature stability are not obvious or predictable based on a broad disclosure of fatty acid and fatty acid/surfactant ratio in these patents. It would not be a function of product optimisation either since the previous art would not have been aware of what caused the problem, and it is completely unpredictable that this is an approach that could work.
- compositions comprising fatty acyl isethionate surfactant containing specific long chain and short fatty acid/fatty soaps mixture (20 to 70% >Ci 4 and 80 to 30% ⁇ Ci 4 ) where and the compositions formed have a product viscosity less sensitive to temperature, and are stable at elevated temperature storage conditions.
- the present invention relates to novel liquid cleansing compositions containing fatty acyl isethionate surfactant product which compositions are stabilised with a specific combination of long chain and short chain fatty acids/fatty soaps to increase the viscosity of the liquid composition at elevated temperatures.
- liquid cleansing compositions comprising:
- a co-surfactant selected from the group consisting of anionic (excluding the fatty acyl isethionate component of the fatty acyl isethionate product of (a)), amphoteric and nonionic surfactants and mixture thereof;
- Ratio of total linear fatty acid/fatty soap to total synthetic surfactants (defined as the sum of fatty acyl isethionate surfactant of item (a), not including the free fatty acids and or fatty acid soaps in the product, and synthetic co-surfactant of item
- (b)) is at least 0.25, preferably at least 0.30 and less than 1.0:
- the viscosity of the said liquid cleanser composition at 0.01 s "1 should be at least 50 Pas, preferably at least 100 Pas at 25 0 C; and the ratio of the viscosity at 4O 0 C to the viscosity at 25 0 C, when measured at 0.01 s "1 , should be at least 0.2, preferably 0.3, most preferably 0.4;
- the pH of the liquid composition is in the range of 4.0 to 8.0, preferably 4.5 to 7.5; the said composition is preferably stable (i.e., is physically stable and will not partition as can be visually observed) at 45 0 C for at least 2 weeks.
- the invention relates to a process for making such compositions using fatty acyl isethionate surfactant product, co-surfactant, and an elevated temperature storage stabilising system as noted above.
- FIG. 1 shows the temperature effect on the viscosity profile of liquid composition containing only fatty acyl isethionate surfactant product without the specific elevated temperature stabiliser of this invention (Comparative Example 1 A of Table 3). The figure shows that the sample has a viscosity very sensitive to the storage temperature. At 25 0 C, it has 875 Pas viscosity at 0.01 s "1 with lotion-like consistency.
- the present invention relates to novel liquid cleansing compositions containing fatty acyl isethionate surfactant product which are stabilised with a specific combination of long chain and short chain fatty acids (>20 to ⁇ 70% of all linear fatty acid must be >C14).
- the fatty acids are used to increase the viscosity of the liquid composition at elevated temperatures.
- liquid cleansing compositions comprising:
- a co-surfactant selected from the group consisting of anionic (excluding fatty acyl isethionate of (a)), amphoteric and nonionic surfactants and mixture thereof;
- the viscosity of the liquid cleanser composition at 0.01 s "1 should be at least 50 Pas, preferably at least 100 Pas at 25 0 C; and the ratio of the viscosity at 4O 0 C to the viscosity at 25 0 C, when measured at 0.01 s "1 , should be at least 0.2, preferably 0.3, most preferably 0.4;
- the pH of the liquid composition is in the range of 4.0 to 8.0, preferably 4.5 to 7.5; wherein said composition is stable (i.e., is physically stable and will not partition as can be visually observed) at 45 0 C for at least 2 weeks.
- the invention relates to a process for making such compositions using fatty acyl isethionate surfactant product, co-surfactant, and combination of elevated temperature storage stabilising system as noted above.
- the invention is defined in greater detail below.
- a fatty acyl isethionate "product" comprises (in addition to other components) both pure fatty acyl isethionates surfactant as well as free fatty acid and/or fatty acid salt.
- compositions of the invention comprise 3 to 45% by wt. fatty acyl isethionate surfactant product with more than 5 wt%, preferably more than 10 wt% of free fatty acid/fatty soap in the surfactant product.
- Fatty acyl isethionate surfactant are typically prepared by the reaction of an isethionates salt such as alkali metal isethionates and an aliphatic fatty acid having 8 to 20 carbon atoms and an Iodine Value (measuring the degree of unsaturation) of less than 20 g, for example:
- R 1 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical containing 2 to 4 carbons
- M is alkali metal cation or metal ion (e.g., sodium, magnesium, potassium, lithium), ammonium or substituted ammonium cation or other counterion
- R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 7 to 24, preferably 8 to 22 carbons.
- the resulting fatty acyl isethionate product can be a mixture of 45 to 95% by weight of fatty acyl isethionates and 50 to about 0 wt%, typically 40 to 5 wt% of free fatty acids, in addition to isethionates salts which are present typically at less than 5 wt%, and traces (less than 2 wt.%) of other impurities.
- a mixture of aliphatic fatty acids is used for the preparation of commercial fatty acyl isethionates surfactants and resulting fatty acyl isethionate surfactants (e.g.
- resulting from reaction of alkali metal isethionate and aliphatic fatty acid have at least 20 wt% (on basis of fatty acyl isethionates reaction product) of fatty acyl group with 14 or more carbon atoms and at least 16 wt% of fatty acids with 14 or greater carbon atoms.
- the fatty acyl isethionate/fatty acid crystals typically have a dissolution temperature between 30° and 45 0 C, as shown in Figure 2 by measuring the crystal transition temperature of an aqueous solution containing only fatty acyl isethionate surfactant product in the liquid with a pH in the range of 6.0 to 7.5 (Comparative Example 1A of Table 3) using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) method described below.
- DSC differential scanning calorimetry
- liquids containing these commercial fatty acid isethionate products in the liquid composition have very high viscosity at or below room temperature. At or above 4O 0 C, however, the liquid turns into water thin liquid due to the dissolution of these surfactant crystals as shown in Figure 1. This causes product inconsistency and storage instability at elevated temperatures (e.g. 4O 0 C or above).
- a key aspect of the present invention is that the extreme inconsistency of the fatty acyl isethionate product-containing liquid cleanser and its instability at elevated storage temperatures (4O 0 C or above) due to the dissolution of insoluble fatty isethionate/fatty acid crystals can be resolved using a specific fatty acids/fatty soap combination of this invention (i.e. elevated temperature stabilizing system described below) such that the resulting liquid composition can maintain its consistency and its stability by forming viscous surfactant liquid crystals at elevated storage temperatures (e.g. 4O 0 C or above).
- a specific fatty acids/fatty soap combination of this invention i.e. elevated temperature stabilizing system described below
- Particularly preferred fatty acyl isethionate products with 5 wt.% or more fatty acid/fatty soap which may now be consistently used include DEFI (Direct Esterification of Fatty Isethionate) flakes and synthetic detergent noodles produced from DEFI for personal cleanser application.
- DEFI flakes typically contain about 65 to 80 wt% of sodium fatty acyl isethionate and 15 to 30 wt% free fatty acids. More than 65 wt% of fatty acyl group of the resulting fatty acyl isethionates have 12 to 18 carbon atoms.
- Dove® cleansing bar noodles are mixtures of DEFI flakes described above and long chain (mainly C16 and C18) fatty acids and fatty soaps which contain about 40 to 60 wt% of fatty acyl isethionates and 30 to 40 wt% of fatty acids and fatty soaps.
- Examples of other commercial fatty acyl isethionate products that may be used in the invention are Hostapon® surfactants from Clariant such as Hostapon® SCI65C; Jordapon® Cl, Jordapon® CI65; and sodium cocoyl isethionate from Yongan Daily Chemical Co. such as YA-SCI-75® or YA-SCI-65®.
- DEFI flakes and Dove® cleansing bar noodles produced by Unilever are particularly preferred for this application.
- a second component of the subject invention are surfactants selected from the group consisting of anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants as described below.
- the amount of synthetic co-surfactant used in the present invention can be in the range of 0 to 15 wt%. When determining the level of co-surfactant, the amount of acyl isethionate surfactant formed is part of the acyl isethionate product is not counted.
- the anionic surfactant may be, for example, an aliphatic sulfonate, such as a primary alkane (e.g., C 8 -C 2 2) sulfonate, primary alkane (e.g., C 8 -C 22 ) disulfonate, C 8 -C 22 alkene sulfonate, C 8 -C 22 hydroxyalkane sulfonate or alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonate (AGS); or an aromatic sulfonate such as alkyl benzene sulfonate.
- a primary alkane e.g., C 8 -C 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
- primary alkane e.g., C 8 -C 22
- disulfonate C 8 -C 22 alkene sulfonate
- C 8 -C 22 hydroxyalkane sulfonate C 8 -C 22 hydroxyalkane
- the anionic may also be an alkyl sulfate (e.g., Ci 2 -Ci 8 alkyl sulfate) or alkyl ether sulfate (including alkyl glyceryl ether sulfates).
- alkyl ether sulfates are those having the formula:
- R is an alkyl or alkenyl having 8 to 18 carbons, preferably 12 to 18 carbons, n has an average value of greater than at least 0.5, preferably between 2 and 3; and M is a solubilizing cation such as sodium, potassium, ammonium or substituted ammonium. Ammonium and sodium lauryl ether sulfates are preferred.
- the anionic may also be alkyl sulfosuccinates (including mono- and dialkyl, e.g., C ⁇ -C 22 sulfosuccinates); alkyl and acyl taurates, alkyl and acyl sarcosinates, alkyl and acyl glycinates, alkyl sulfoacetates, C 8 -C 22 alkyl phosphates, alkyl phosphate esters and alkoxyl alkyl phosphate esters, acyl lactates, C 8 -C 22 monoalkyl succinates and maleates, and branched acyl isethionates.
- alkyl sulfosuccinates including mono- and dialkyl, e.g., C ⁇ -C 22 sulfosuccinates
- alkyl and acyl taurates alkyl and acyl sarcosinates
- carboxylates such as follows:
- R is C 8 to C 20 alkyl; n is 1 to 20; and M is as defined above.
- amido alkyl polypeptide carboxylates such as, for example, Monteine LCQ (R) by Seppic.
- Zwitterionic surfactants are exemplified by those which can be broadly described as derivatives of aliphatic quaternary ammonium, phosphonium, and sulfonium compounds, in which the aliphatic radicals can be straight or branched chain, and wherein one of the aliphatic substituents contains from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms and one contains an anionic group, e.g., carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate.
- R 2 contains an alkyl, alkenyl, or hydroxy alkyl radical of from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, from 0 to about 10 ethylene oxide moieties and from 0 to about 1 glyceryl moiety;
- Y is selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur atoms;
- R 3 is an alkyl or monohydroxyalkyl group containing about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms;
- X is 1 when Y is a sulfur atom, and 2 when Y is a nitrogen or phosphorus atom;
- R 4 is an alkylene or hydroxyalkylene of from about 1 to about 4 carbon atoms and Z is a radical selected from the group consisting of carboxylate, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphonate, and phosphate groups.
- Amphoteric detergents which may be used in this invention include at least one acid group. This may be a carboxylic or a sulphonic acid group. They include quaternary nitrogen and therefore are quaternary amido acids. They should generally include an alkyl or alkenyl group of 7 to 18 carbon atoms. They will usually comply with an overall structural formula:
- R 1 is alkyl or alkenyl of 7 to 18 carbon atoms
- R 2 and R 3 are each independently alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or carboxyalkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms
- n is 2 to 4
- m is 0 to 1
- X is alkylene of 1 to 3 carbon atoms optionally substituted with hydroxyl
- Y is -CO 2 - or -SO 3 -
- Amphoacetates and diamphoacetates are also intended to be covered in possible zwitterionic and/or amphoteric compounds which may be used.
- the nonionic which may be used includes in particular the reaction products of compounds having a hydrophobic group and a reactive hydrogen atom, for example aliphatic alcohols, acids, amides or alkyl phenols with alkylene oxides, especially ethylene oxide either alone or with propylene oxide.
- Specific nonionic detergent compounds are alkyl (C 6 -C 22 ) phenols-ethylene oxide condensates, the condensation products of aliphatic (C 8 -Ci 8 ) primary or secondary linear or branched alcohols with ethylene oxide, and products made by condensation of ethylene oxide with the reaction products of propylene oxide and ethylenediamine.
- Other so-called nonionic detergent compounds include long chain tertiary amine oxides, long chain tertiary phosphine oxides and dialkyl sulphoxides.
- the nonionic may also be a sugar amide, such as a polysaccharide amide.
- the surfactant may be one of the lactobionamides described in U.S. Patent No. 5,389,279 to Au et al. which is hereby incorporated by reference or it may be one of the sugar amides described in Patent No. 5,009,814 to Kelkenberg, hereby incorporated into the subject application by reference.
- alkyl polysaccharides are alkylpolyglycosides of the formula:
- R 2 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkylphenyl, hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyalkylphenyl, and mixtures thereof in which alkyl groups contain from about 10 to about 18, preferably from about 12 to about 14, carbon atoms; n is 0 to 3, preferably 2; t is from 0 to about 10, preferably 0; and x is from 1.3 to about 10, preferably from 1.3 to about 2.7.
- the glycosyl is preferably derived from glucose. To prepare these compounds, the alcohol or alkylpolyethoxy alcohol is formed first and then reacted with glucose, or a source of glucose, to form the glucoside (attachment at the 1 -position). The additional glycosyl units can then be attached between their 1 -position and the preceding glycosyl units 2-, 3-, 4- and/or 6-position, preferably predominantly the 2-position.
- composition of the invention comprises acyl isethionate product with mixture of anionic (e.g., alkoxylated sulfate such as alkali metal alkyl ether sulfate) and amphoteric (e.g., betaine).
- anionic e.g., alkoxylated sulfate such as alkali metal alkyl ether sulfate
- amphoteric e.g., betaine
- the isethionate product may be used with alkyl ether sulfate alone (see Example 7); with amphoteric alone (see Examples 4-6); or with no co-surfactant at all (see Examples 1 and 2).
- elevated temperature storage stabilising system which system comprises the combination of long chain and short chain linear fatty acids/fatty soaps. It was found that this specific combination defining the "elevated temperature storage stabilising system” increases the viscosity of the liquid composition at or above 4O 0 C such that the viscosity of the liquid composition remains viscous enough to maintain its physical stability when stored at or above 4O 0 C.
- the specific combination defining elevated temperature storage stabilising system changes the packing of the surfactant mixture of the liquid composition of this invention upon the dissolution of insoluble fatty acyl isethionate/fatty acid crystals at a temperature above its dissolution temperature to form viscous surfactant liquid crystal instead of low viscosity surfactant micelles such that the liquid maintains a high viscosity and maintains its physical stability.
- Long chain fatty acids in this invention are defined as linear fatty acids/fatty soaps with 16 to 20 carbons; and short chain fatty acids are linear fatty acids/fatty soaps with 14 or less carbon.
- the total level of linear fatty acids/fatty soaps in the cleansing composition of this invention should be at least 4 % up to 20 % by weight of the composition. This includes the fatty acid/fatty soaps in the fatty acyl isethionate surfactant products added into the liquid cleansing composition in addition to what is separately in the composition.
- the second criteria is the ratio of total amount of the fatty acids/fatty soaps mixture to total amount of fatty acyl isethionate surfactant and co-surfactants in the cleansing composition is at least 0.25, preferably 0.30 and no more than 1.0.
- the amount of long chain fatty acids/fatty soaps should be no more than 70 wt% and at least 20 wt% of the total linear fatty acids/fatty soaps added to the liquid composition.
- Both the level and the composition of the fatty acids/fatty soaps required in the liquid composition of this invention can be determined by measuring the viscosity of the liquid cleanser composition of this invention containing various amounts of long chain and short chain fatty acids/fatty soaps selected based on the three criteria described above using the viscosity method described below at both 25 0 C and 4O 0 C.
- the viscosity at 0.01 s "1 should be at least 50 Pas, preferably 100 Pas at 25 0 C; and the ratio of the viscosity at 4O 0 C to the viscosity at 25 0 C at 0.01 s "1 should be at least 0.2, preferably 0.3, most preferably 0.4.
- the liquid composition containing the desired combination of the liquid crystal modifiers should be stable at 45 0 C for over 2 weeks.
- Water soluble/dispersible polymers are an optional ingredient that is preferred to be included in the liquid composition of the invention.
- the water soluble/or dispersible polymer can be cationic, anionic, amphoteric or nonionic polymer with molecular weight higher than 100,000 Dalton. These polymers are known to enhance in-use and after-use skin sensory feels, to enhance lather creaminess and lather stability, and to increase the viscosity of liquid cleanser compositions.
- water soluble/ or dispersible polymers useful in the present invention include the carbohydrate gums such as cellulose gum, microcrystalline cellulose, cellulose gel, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxymethyl or carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, guar gum, gum karaya, gum tragacanth, gum arabic, gum acacia, gum agar, xanthan gum and mixtures thereof; modified and non-modified starch granules with gelatinization temperature between 30 to 85 0 C and pre-gelatinized cold water soluble starch; polyacrylate; Carbopols; alkaline soluble emulsion polymer such as Aculyn 28, Aculyn 22 or Carbopol Aqua SF1 ; cationic polymer such as modified polysaccharides including cationic guar available from Rhone Poulenc under the trade name Jaguar C13S, Jaguar C14S, Jaguar C17
- Gel forming polymers such as modified or non-modified starch granules, xanthan gum, Carbopol, alkaline-soluble emulsion polymers and cationic guar gum such as Jaguar C13S, and cationic modified cellulose such as UCARE Polymer JR 30 or JR 40 are particularly preferred for this invention.
- Water-soluble skin benefit agents are another optional ingredient that is preferred to be included in the liquid compositions of the invention.
- a variety of water-soluble skin benefit agents can be used, and the level can be from 0 to 50 weight %, preferably 1 to 30%.
- the materials include, but are not limited to, polyhydroxy alcohols such as glycerin, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, sorbitol, pantenol and sugar; urea, alpha-hydroxy acid and its salt such as glycolic or lactic acid; and low molecular weight polyethylene glycols with molecular weight less than 20,000.
- Preferred water soluble skin benefit agents for use in the liquid composition are glycerin, sorbitol and propylene glycol.
- the liquid cleansing composition of the invention also may comprise 0 to 40% by wt. benefit agent.
- One class of ingredients are nutrients used to moisturise and strengthen, for example, the skin. These include:
- vitamins such as vitamin A and E, and vitamin alkyl esters such as vitamin C alkyl esters;
- lipids such as cholesterol, cholesterol esters, lanolin, creaminess, sucrose esters, and pseudo-ceramides
- liposome forming materials such as phospholipids, and suitable amphophilic molecules having two long hydrocarbon chains;
- triglycerides of unsaturated fatty acids such as sunflower oil, primrose oil avocado oil, almond oil;
- g) minerals such as sources of zinc, magnesium, and iron
- a second type of skin benefit agent is a skin conditioner used to provide a moisturised feel to the skin.
- Suitable skin conditioners include: a) silicone oils, gums and modifications thereof such as linear and cyclic polydimethylsiloxanes, amino, alkyl, and alkyl aryl silicone oils;
- hydrocarbons such as liquid paraffins, petrolatum, Vaseline (trade mark), microcrystalline wax, ceresin, squalene, pristan, paraffin wax and mineral oil;
- conditioning proteins such as milk proteins, silk proteins and glutens
- cationic polymers as conditioners which may be used include Quatrisoft LM-200 Polyquaternium-24, Merquat Plus 3330 - Polyquaternium 30; and Jaguar® type conditioners;
- humectants such as glycerol, sorbitol, and urea
- emollients such as esters of long chain fatty acids, such as isopropyl palmitate and cetyl lactate.
- a third type of benefit agent is deep cleansing agents. These are defined here as ingredients that can either increase the sense of refreshment immediately after cleansing or can provide a sustained effect on skin problems that are associated with incomplete cleansing. Deep cleansing agents include:
- antimicrobials such as 2-hydrozy-4,2',4'-trichlorodiphenylether (DP300) 2,6- dimethyl-4-hydroxychlorobenzene (PCMX), 3,4,4'-trichlorocarbanilide (TCC), 3-trifluoromethyl-4,4'-dichlorocarbanilide (TFC), benzoyl peroxide, zinc salts, tea tree oil,
- anti-acne agents such as salicylic acid, lactic acid, glycolic acid, and citric acid, and benzoyl peroxide (also an antimicrobial agent),
- oil control agents including sebum suppressants, modifiers such as silica, titanium dioxide, oil absorbers, such as micro sponges, d) astringents including tannins, zinc and aluminum salts, plant extracts such as from green tea and Witch-hazel (Hammailes),
- e) scrub and exfoliating particles such as polyethylene spheres, agglomerated silica, sugar, ground pits, seeds, and husks such as from walnuts, peach, avocado, and oats, salts,
- cooling agents such as methanol and its various derivatives and lower alcohols
- essential oils such as mentah, jasmine, camphor, white cedar, bitter orange peel, rye, turpentine, cinnamon, bergamot, citrus unshiu, calamus, pine, lavender, bay, clove, hiba, eucalyptus, lemon, starflower, thyme, peppermint, rose, sage, menthol, cineole, sugenol, citral, citronelle, borneol, linalool, geranoil, evening primrose, camphor, tymol, spirantol, penene, limonene and terpenoid oils.
- essential oils such as mentah, jasmine, camphor, white cedar, bitter orange peel, rye, turpentine, cinnamon, bergamot, citrus unshiu, calamus, pine, lavender, bay, clove, hiba, eucalyptus, lemon, starflower, thyme, peppermint, rose, sage
- benefit agents include anti-aging compounds, sunscreens, and in lightening agents.
- hydrophobic polymers of the type describe in U.S. 5,817,609 to He et al. may be employed, which is incorporated by reference into the subject application.
- the final liquid cleanser composition of the present invention should have a viscosity more than 50, preferably greater than 100 Pas measured at 0.01 s "1 determined by a Rheomethc Scientific SR5 Rheolmeter at 25 0 C, and the ratio of the viscosity at 40oC to the viscosity at 25oC at 0.01 s "1 should be at least 0.2, preferably 0.3, most preferably 0.4 following the methodology for viscosity determination described below; and pH between 4.0 to 8.0, preferably 4.5 to 7.5.
- the composition contains surfactant crystals with a dissolution temperature between 30 0 C to 50° C.
- the compositions should also be physically phase stable at room temperature and 45 0 C for at least two 2 weeks.
- compositions of the invention may include 0 to 10% by wt. optional ingredients as follows:
- Perfumes such as tetra sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA), EHDP or mixtures in an amount of 0.01 to 1%, preferably 0.01 to 0.05%; and coloring agents, opacifiers and pearlizers such as zinc striate, magnesium stearate, TiO 2 , EGMS (ethylene glycol monostearate) or Lytron 621 (Styrene/Acrylate copolymer); all of which are useful in enhancing the appearance or cosmetic properties of the product.
- EDTA tetra sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate
- EHDP ethylenediaminetetraacetate
- coloring agents, opacifiers and pearlizers such as zinc striate, magnesium stearate, TiO 2 , EGMS (ethylene glycol monostearate) or Lytron 621 (Styrene/Acrylate copolymer); all of which are useful in enhancing the appearance or cosmetic properties of the product.
- compositions may further comprise antimicrobials such as 2-hydroxy-4,2'4' trichlorodiphenyl ether (DP300); preservatives such as dimethyloldimethylhydantoin (Glydant XL 1000), parabens, sorbic acid etc.
- antimicrobials such as 2-hydroxy-4,2'4' trichlorodiphenyl ether (DP300); preservatives such as dimethyloldimethylhydantoin (Glydant XL 1000), parabens, sorbic acid etc.
- Antioxidants such as, for example, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) may be used advantageously in amounts of about 0.01 % or higher if appropriate.
- BHT butylated hydroxytoluene
- Polyethylene glycols as conditioners which may be used include:
- exfoliants such as polyoxyethylene beads, walnut shells and apricot seeds.
- Samples were weighed into an aluminum pan, hermetically sealed, and loaded into a 2920 MDSC machine from TA Instruments at 25 0 C. The sample was equilibrated to a temperature of 2 0 C, Iso-Track for 2 minutes followed by heating at 5°C/min to 6O 0 C.
- Viscosity was measured using AR-G2 controlled-stress Rheometer from TA Instruments either with steady rate sweep test method or peak hold test method. Procedures and set up for each test method to measure the cleanser's viscosity are described below:
- Test method A Steady Rate Sweep Method
- Shear Rate Ramp from 0.01 to 100 s "1 (log mode, 5 points per decade)
- Test method B Peak hold method
- GAP 1000 micrometer Test settings: hold shear rate (1/s) at 0.01
- compositions of the invention are set forth below (all the numbers in the tables are wt% of each ingredient as 100% active in the liquid composition):
- AII examples in Table 1 and Table 2 were prepared by mixing all the ingredients except perfume, Glydant plus and EDTA at 70 to 75 0 C for 30 to 50 minutes until all the solid ingredients such as Dove® noodle, DEFI flake, Jordapon Cl and fatty acids dissolved to form an uniform mixture.
- Perfume, Glydant plus (a hydantoin preservative) and ammonium sulfate were added after the liquid was cooled below 4O 0 C. The pH of these liquids was adjusted to 5.5 to 7.0 using either 30% citric acid or 25% NaOH solution.
- Both DEFI and Dove® are fatty acyl isethionate products manufactured by Unilever.
- DEFI has about 72.5 wt% of C8 to C18 fatty acyl isethionates and 22 wt% free fatty acids of 8 to 18 carbons.
- Dove® is prepared by mixing about 65-75 wt% of DEFI with
- Dove® noodle contains about 50 wt% of fatty acyl isethionate surfactant, and about 35 wt% of linear fatty acid/linear fatty soap in which about 79.2 wt% of the fatty acid/fatty soap have more than 14 carbons.
- Jordopon Cl is available from ICI. It has about 86wt% of cocoyl fatty isethionate and 5 wt% of free coco fatty acids.
- Dove® bar as unfragranced noodles Comparative Examples, 1A, 5A, 11 A, 12A, 14A and 16A as shown in Table 3 with compositions similar to Examples 1 , 5,11 ,12,14 and 16 of Tables 1 and 2 respectively, without the specific fatty acid mixture as claimed of this invention, i.e. no more than 70 wt% of the total fatty acids/fatty soaps in the liquid composition with more than 14 carbons, were prepared for comparison. All the comparative examples were prepared the same way described above. The composition of these comparative examples, except Comparative 1A, all are described in U.S. Patents 5,132,037, 5,234,619 and 5,290,471 to Greene et al. None of these comparative samples were stable at 45 0 C for over 2 weeks, and all showed phase separation in less than 2 weeks due to the lack of the right fatty acid mixture required to stabilize the liquid composition.
- Comparative Examples 1A, 5A, 11 A, 12A, 14A and 16A had a fatty acid mixture with substantially high level of C16, C18 long chain fatty acids/fatty soaps as a ratio to total linear fatty acids/soaps (e.g., more than 75%) compared to what is disclosed in U.S. 5,132,037 by Greene et al. All the comparative examples either did not have high enough viscosity at 25 0 C (comparative examples 11 A, 12A 14A and 16A) or had a viscosity ratio at 25 0 C to 4O 0 C less than 0.20 (Comparative Examples 1A and 5A).
- Figure 2 discloses a DSC trace of Example 1 A which shows that, when required parameters of invention are not met, there is rapid drop in viscosity at about 4O 0 C (as indicated from drop in heat flow). This is also more directly shown in Figure 1 previously discussed.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP08861653.7A EP2219738B1 (en) | 2007-12-18 | 2008-12-15 | Fatty acyl isethionate product-containing liquid cleansing compositions stabilized with mixture of long chain and short chain fatty acids/fatty soaps |
ES08861653.7T ES2610480T3 (en) | 2007-12-18 | 2008-12-15 | Liquid cleaning compositions containing stabilized fatty acyl isethionate product with a mixture of long-chain and short-chain fatty acids / fatty soaps |
EA201070754A EA017704B1 (en) | 2007-12-18 | 2008-12-15 | Fatty acyl isethionate product-containing liquid cleansing compositions stabilized with mixture of long chain and short chain fatty acids/fatty soaps |
AU2008337529A AU2008337529A1 (en) | 2007-12-18 | 2008-12-15 | Fatty acyl isethionate product-containing liquid cleansing compositions stabilized with mixture of long chain and short chain fatty acids/fatty soaps |
BRPI0819383-5A2A BRPI0819383A2 (en) | 2007-12-18 | 2008-12-15 | "CLEANING COMPOSITION" |
JP2010538627A JP5698535B2 (en) | 2007-12-18 | 2008-12-15 | Liquid cleaning compositions containing fatty acyl isethionate products stabilized with long and short chain fatty acid / fatty soap mixtures |
CA2708365A CA2708365C (en) | 2007-12-18 | 2008-12-15 | Fatty acyl isethionate product-containing liquid cleansing compositions stabilized with mixture of long chain and short chain fatty acids/fatty soaps |
CN200880121138.XA CN101903064B (en) | 2007-12-18 | 2008-12-15 | Fatty acyl isethionate product-containing liquid cleansing compositions stabilized with mixture of long chain and short chain fatty acids/fatty soaps |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US11/958,471 US7807612B2 (en) | 2007-12-18 | 2007-12-18 | Fatty acyl isethionate product-containing liquid cleansing compositions stabilized with mixture of long chain and short chain fatty acids/fatty soaps |
US11/958,471 | 2007-12-18 |
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WO2009077495A3 WO2009077495A3 (en) | 2009-09-24 |
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PCT/EP2008/067530 WO2009077495A2 (en) | 2007-12-18 | 2008-12-15 | Fatty acyl isethionate product-containing liquid cleansing compositions stabilized with mixture of long chain and short chain fatty acids/fatty soaps |
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US (1) | US7807612B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2219738B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5698535B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20100106974A (en) |
CN (1) | CN101903064B (en) |
AR (1) | AR069790A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2008337529A1 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0819383A2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2708365C (en) |
CL (1) | CL2008003772A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE202008018621U1 (en) |
EA (1) | EA017704B1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2610480T3 (en) |
HU (1) | HUE029989T2 (en) |
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WO (1) | WO2009077495A2 (en) |
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WO2010034721A2 (en) * | 2008-09-23 | 2010-04-01 | Unilever Plc | Stable cleansing compositions containing fatty acyl isethionate surfactant products having more than 10 wt.% of fatty acid/fatty soap content using high level of polyol and methods thereof |
US8263538B2 (en) | 2010-03-31 | 2012-09-11 | Conopco, Inc. | Personal wash cleanser with mild surfactant systems comprising defined alkanoyl compounds and defined fatty acyl isethionate surfactant product |
US8268767B2 (en) | 2010-03-31 | 2012-09-18 | Conopco, Inc. | Personal wash cleanser comprising defined alkanoyl compounds, defined fatty acyl isethionate surfactant product and skin or hair benefit agent |
JP2013507412A (en) * | 2009-10-12 | 2013-03-04 | ユニリーバー・ナームローゼ・ベンノートシヤープ | Less irritating foaming liquid detergent comprising low level fatty isethionate product and low content of total fatty acids and / or fatty acid soap |
JP2013544266A (en) * | 2010-12-02 | 2013-12-12 | ユニリーバー・ナームローゼ・ベンノートシヤープ | Anti-dandruff shampoo |
WO2014180640A1 (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2014-11-13 | Unilever N.V. | Hair treatment composition |
US9242002B2 (en) | 2010-08-18 | 2016-01-26 | Conopco, Inc. | Anti-dandruff shampoo |
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CN101517060B (en) | 2006-09-26 | 2011-09-14 | 罗迪亚公司 | Structured surfactant system |
US8105994B2 (en) | 2010-03-31 | 2012-01-31 | Conopco, Inc. | Personal wash cleanser comprising defined alkanoyl compounds, defined fatty acyl isethionate surfactant product and skin or hair benefit agent delivered in flocs upon dilution |
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SG11201600835RA (en) | 2013-08-19 | 2016-03-30 | Stepan Co | Process for preparing n-acyl amino acid salts |
EP3598966A1 (en) | 2018-07-26 | 2020-01-29 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Personal cleansing compositions |
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- 2008-12-15 BR BRPI0819383-5A2A patent/BRPI0819383A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2008-12-15 EA EA201070754A patent/EA017704B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-12-15 PL PL08861653T patent/PL2219738T3/en unknown
- 2008-12-15 KR KR1020107013318A patent/KR20100106974A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2008-12-15 WO PCT/EP2008/067530 patent/WO2009077495A2/en active Application Filing
- 2008-12-15 EP EP08861653.7A patent/EP2219738B1/en active Active
- 2008-12-15 ES ES08861653.7T patent/ES2610480T3/en active Active
- 2008-12-15 CN CN200880121138.XA patent/CN101903064B/en active Active
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Cited By (11)
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WO2010034721A2 (en) * | 2008-09-23 | 2010-04-01 | Unilever Plc | Stable cleansing compositions containing fatty acyl isethionate surfactant products having more than 10 wt.% of fatty acid/fatty soap content using high level of polyol and methods thereof |
WO2010034721A3 (en) * | 2008-09-23 | 2010-06-10 | Unilever Plc | Stable cleansing compositions containing fatty acyl isethionate surfactant products having more than 10 wt.% of fatty acid/fatty soap content using high level of polyol and methods thereof |
US7879780B2 (en) | 2008-09-23 | 2011-02-01 | Conopco, Inc. | Stable cleansing compositions containing fatty acyl isethionate surfactant products having more than 10 wt. % of fatty acid/fatty soap content using high level of polyol and methods thereof |
JP2013507412A (en) * | 2009-10-12 | 2013-03-04 | ユニリーバー・ナームローゼ・ベンノートシヤープ | Less irritating foaming liquid detergent comprising low level fatty isethionate product and low content of total fatty acids and / or fatty acid soap |
US8263538B2 (en) | 2010-03-31 | 2012-09-11 | Conopco, Inc. | Personal wash cleanser with mild surfactant systems comprising defined alkanoyl compounds and defined fatty acyl isethionate surfactant product |
US8268767B2 (en) | 2010-03-31 | 2012-09-18 | Conopco, Inc. | Personal wash cleanser comprising defined alkanoyl compounds, defined fatty acyl isethionate surfactant product and skin or hair benefit agent |
US9242002B2 (en) | 2010-08-18 | 2016-01-26 | Conopco, Inc. | Anti-dandruff shampoo |
JP2013544266A (en) * | 2010-12-02 | 2013-12-12 | ユニリーバー・ナームローゼ・ベンノートシヤープ | Anti-dandruff shampoo |
WO2014180640A1 (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2014-11-13 | Unilever N.V. | Hair treatment composition |
JP2016517896A (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2016-06-20 | ユニリーバー・ナームローゼ・ベンノートシヤープ | Hair treatment composition |
EA033691B1 (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2019-11-18 | Unilever Nv | Hair treatment composition |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN101903064B (en) | 2014-10-29 |
KR20100106974A (en) | 2010-10-04 |
AR069790A1 (en) | 2010-02-17 |
WO2009077495A3 (en) | 2009-09-24 |
EA201070754A1 (en) | 2010-12-30 |
CL2008003772A1 (en) | 2010-04-16 |
JP5698535B2 (en) | 2015-04-08 |
US20090156450A1 (en) | 2009-06-18 |
ES2610480T3 (en) | 2017-04-27 |
EP2219738B1 (en) | 2016-10-12 |
CA2708365A1 (en) | 2009-06-25 |
CN101903064A (en) | 2010-12-01 |
EP2219738A2 (en) | 2010-08-25 |
EA017704B1 (en) | 2013-02-28 |
JP2011506542A (en) | 2011-03-03 |
US7807612B2 (en) | 2010-10-05 |
BRPI0819383A2 (en) | 2014-10-14 |
PL2219738T3 (en) | 2017-07-31 |
AU2008337529A1 (en) | 2009-06-25 |
CA2708365C (en) | 2016-10-11 |
DE202008018621U1 (en) | 2016-11-17 |
HUE029989T2 (en) | 2017-04-28 |
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