WO2009074986A2 - Wimax method of communication - Google Patents

Wimax method of communication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009074986A2
WO2009074986A2 PCT/IL2008/001601 IL2008001601W WO2009074986A2 WO 2009074986 A2 WO2009074986 A2 WO 2009074986A2 IL 2008001601 W IL2008001601 W IL 2008001601W WO 2009074986 A2 WO2009074986 A2 WO 2009074986A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
node
nodes
network
wimax
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IL2008/001601
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2009074986A3 (en
Inventor
Peretz Shekalim
Original Assignee
Runcom Technologies Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Runcom Technologies Ltd. filed Critical Runcom Technologies Ltd.
Publication of WO2009074986A2 publication Critical patent/WO2009074986A2/en
Publication of WO2009074986A3 publication Critical patent/WO2009074986A3/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
    • H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a WIMAX method of communication, and more specifically to a mobile WiMAX Mesh technology.
  • Prior art WiMAX solutions does not cover Mobile Mesh solutions.
  • EEEE802.16d Only a Fixed Mesh solution was defined, and it is going to be deleted from the standard due to lack of definitions, complexity, etc.
  • the solution disclosed in the application defines a full Mesh system, when all the terminals are mobile and can communicate with each other directly, or via one or more Mesh Nodes (MeshNodes or MN) in the network.
  • MeshNodes MeshNodes
  • MeshNode is a Mobile or Fixed node in the network which can communicate with other Nodes such as Base Station (BS), User terminal (UT) Relay (Re) or any other MeshNode in the network.
  • BS Base Station
  • UT User terminal
  • Re Relay
  • the network may consist of several layers of MeshNodes, while each MeshNode can change its layer according to the radio coverage quality and/or any other criteria enabled by the system.
  • the BSs will function as the first layer (or Root) and as the Super ordinate of the second layer. More layers may be defined, as each upper layer will be Super ordinate of its Subordinate layer.
  • each layer will contribute some delays or overhead, So in general, the system will be managed in such a way, that the minimum number of layers will be constructed.
  • the present invention is a new solution for development and implementation of Mobile Mesh networks based on IEEE802.16e standard.
  • the present disclosure defines the Mesh system based on IEEE802.16 standard, while the differences from the standard are described in this disclosure.
  • WiMAX defines some specific profiles out of all defined profiles in the IEEE802.16 family standards
  • WiMAX may be used as IEEE802.16 standard, included and not restricted to IEEE802.16e and IEEE802.16m.
  • all the managements, operations, provisioning, interfaces and networking definitions of the IEEE802.16 are valid for the Mesh solution described herein.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a Mesh network concept, where there is no sufficient radio coverage between all nodes, so any two nodes can communicate directly or via one or more other available nodes
  • Fig. 2 details Network topology layers with 4 hops
  • Fig. 3 details Frame structure and sub framing
  • Fig. 4 details the use of different Frequencies at the Receiving and Transmitting side
  • Fig. 5 details a Two Frequency frame structure
  • Fig. 6 details the transmit Subframe structure
  • Fig. 7 details the Receive sub-frame structure
  • Fig. 8 details Opportunity allocations in Rx subframe
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a typical Mesh network without a Fixed BS.
  • Nodes 2 and 7 can communicate directly since there is sufficient radio coverage between them, while nodes 1 and 8 can communicate via nodes 4, 2 and 5, since there is no sufficient Radio coverage between them.
  • each node may initiate to command to execute scanning procedure in order to find a Superordinate node with the highest radio coverage
  • Fig. 1 details a Mesh network concept, where there is no sufficient radio coverage between all nodes, so any two nodes can communicate directly or via one or more other available nodes.
  • FIG. 2 shows a concept of network topology layers. This figure shows four hierarchy layers of a Mesh network. Node #1 from layer 1 is superordinate of the nodes #3 and 4 from layer 2, and node #3 from layer 2 is superordinate of the node #7 from layer 3. Node #10 and 11 from layer 4 are subordinate of the node #7. Nodes # 12 and 13 are communicate directly each other alone, while node #12 is superordinate of the node #13 which is its subordinate.
  • Fig. 2 Network topology layers with 4 hops
  • Fig. 3 shows the frame structure of the different layers. There is only Down Link (DL) of Multicasting Data from each node to/from its Superordinate or Subordinate nodes.
  • DL Down Link
  • Each frame consists of two sub frames:
  • Each subordinate node synchronizes with the received Preamble and Tx MAP of its superordinate node.
  • One or more Receiving zones may be configured in the receiving subframe. There is no transmission from Subordinate nodes when there is Preamble and Tx MAP.
  • Fig. 3 details a Frame structure and Sub framing.
  • Fig. 4 shows using 2 frequency mode, while the receiving and transmitting frequencies are different each other, node 12 and 13, as operate standalone in front of each other, may use Fl or F2.
  • Fig. 5 details the frame structure of 2 frequency mode.
  • Fig. 6 details different parts of the Tx Subframe.
  • One or more burst may be configured for data transmission to other nodes, while part of the Tx subframe may remain unused (no Tx nor Rx) as in this time the subordinate and superordinate of this node are in Rx node from other nodes (see layer 3 in fig. 3 above).
  • Fig. 5 details a different part of the Rx Subframe. Unused parts are configured when Preamble and Tx MAP are transmitted from Superordinate node.
  • the 2 data burst are receiving as Multicast CID transmission, while burst one is received from its Superordinate node, and burst 2 received from one of its subordinate nodes.
  • Opportunity allocations are used for subordinate nodes to access to the Superordinate nodes. Different number of opportunity allocations can be configured, the example below shows implementation of 10 opportunity allocations.
  • Fig. 8 Opportunity allocations in Rx subframe
  • Both TDD or H-FDD half FDD can be used.
  • MeshNode from each Mesh layer transmits highest sector ID in order to distinguish between different layers.
  • Each MeshNode starts with site survey that includes: o Find working components (BS, MN) o Learn all active preambles and randomize select free PN when Sector ID is incremented by one o Synchronize to highest Mesh layer o Start transmitting Preamble
  • All traffic is sent as Multicast traffic, and partitioning between DL and UL can be done dynamically, even from frame to frame.
  • MN send request for BW allocation before transmitting, or alternatively can request constant BW allocation.
  • MN used implicit 4 CIDs as there is no need of Service Flow definition.
  • the procedure are: o Site survey before start network entry and select the highest layer with reasonable CINR o Random select preamble ID (from unused list) o Ranging process with higher layer using preamble (transmit preamble in random frame)
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 28) o Data transmitting according to slotted Aloha (CSMA-CD) in time/frequency domain o Acknowledge each transition by receiver side
  • the concept is using 2 nd or 3 rd layer switching with IP traffic.
  • each MN change source MAC address to its MAC address.
  • destination IP is unknown traffic is send to higher layer (MN, RS or BS).
  • Ethernet broadcast are sent to all directions, and again may be sent from the receiving node, until the final destination.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Radio Relay Systems (AREA)

Abstract

A WIMAX method of communication comprising a network with several layers of MeshNodes, while each MeshNode can change its layer according to the Radio coverage quality and/or any other criteria enabled by the system.

Description

WIMAX Method of communication
The invention relates to a WIMAX method of communication, and more specifically to a mobile WiMAX Mesh technology.
Prior art WiMAX solutions does not cover Mobile Mesh solutions. In the prior art standard EEEE802.16d. Only a Fixed Mesh solution was defined, and it is going to be deleted from the standard due to lack of definitions, complexity, etc.
The solution disclosed in the application defines a full Mesh system, when all the terminals are mobile and can communicate with each other directly, or via one or more Mesh Nodes (MeshNodes or MN) in the network.
MeshNode is a Mobile or Fixed node in the network which can communicate with other Nodes such as Base Station (BS), User terminal (UT) Relay (Re) or any other MeshNode in the network.
The new Concept: Logically, the network may consist of several layers of MeshNodes, while each MeshNode can change its layer according to the radio coverage quality and/or any other criteria enabled by the system. In case there are fixed BSs in the network, the BSs will function as the first layer (or Root) and as the Super ordinate of the second layer. More layers may be defined, as each upper layer will be Super ordinate of its Subordinate layer.
There is no limitation to the number of layers, however each layer will contribute some delays or overhead, So in general, the system will be managed in such a way, that the minimum number of layers will be constructed.
The present invention is a new solution for development and implementation of Mobile Mesh networks based on IEEE802.16e standard. The present disclosure defines the Mesh system based on IEEE802.16 standard, while the differences from the standard are described in this disclosure.
SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 28) This Mesh system can be used for the Mobile WiMAX system, as well as the Fixed WiMAX system. It should be noted that WiMAX defines some specific profiles out of all defined profiles in the IEEE802.16 family standards In one embodiment presently illustrated, the term WiMAX may be used as IEEE802.16 standard, included and not restricted to IEEE802.16e and IEEE802.16m. Furthermore, all the managements, operations, provisioning, interfaces and networking definitions of the IEEE802.16 are valid for the Mesh solution described herein.
List of Drawings
Fig. 1 illustrates a Mesh network concept, where there is no sufficient radio coverage between all nodes, so any two nodes can communicate directly or via one or more other available nodes
Fig. 2 details Network topology layers with 4 hops
Fig. 3 details Frame structure and sub framing
Fig. 4 details the use of different Frequencies at the Receiving and Transmitting side
Fig. 5 details a Two Frequency frame structure
Fig. 6 details the transmit Subframe structure
Fig. 7 details the Receive sub-frame structure
Fig. 8 details Opportunity allocations in Rx subframe
Fig. 1 illustrates a typical Mesh network without a Fixed BS. Nodes 2 and 7 can communicate directly since there is sufficient radio coverage between them, while nodes 1 and 8 can communicate via nodes 4, 2 and 5, since there is no sufficient Radio coverage between them. It should be noted that each node may initiate to command to execute scanning procedure in order to find a Superordinate node with the highest radio coverage Fig. 1 details a Mesh network concept, where there is no sufficient radio coverage between all nodes, so any two nodes can communicate directly or via one or more other available nodes.
WTIIUIE SHEET (RULE 28) Fig. 2 shows a concept of network topology layers. This figure shows four hierarchy layers of a Mesh network. Node #1 from layer 1 is superordinate of the nodes #3 and 4 from layer 2, and node #3 from layer 2 is superordinate of the node #7 from layer 3. Node #10 and 11 from layer 4 are subordinate of the node #7. Nodes # 12 and 13 are communicate directly each other alone, while node #12 is superordinate of the node #13 which is its subordinate.
Fig. 2: Network topology layers with 4 hops
Frame structure
In general, 2 options are proposed:
* Single Frequency mode of operation. In this mode, the same frequency can be used for both Receiving and transmitting at each node.
* 2 frequency mode of operation. In this mode, 2 different frequencies will be used for Receiving and transmitting, while the receiving frequency is different to the Transmitting frequency.
Single Frequency mode
Fig. 3 shows the frame structure of the different layers. There is only Down Link (DL) of Multicasting Data from each node to/from its Superordinate or Subordinate nodes. Each frame consists of two sub frames:
* Transmission Subframe (Tx Subframe)
* Receiving Subframe (Rx Subframe)
Tx subframe use for transmission of Preamble, Broadcast MAP messages, and Data, while the Rx subframe use for CDMA, ACK messages and receiving of the data from Subordinate or Super ordinate nodes. Each subordinate node synchronizes with the received Preamble and Tx MAP of its superordinate node. One or more Receiving zones may be configured in the receiving subframe. There is no transmission from Subordinate nodes when there is Preamble and Tx MAP.
Fig. 3 details a Frame structure and Sub framing.
Two-frequency mode
Fig. 4 shows using 2 frequency mode, while the receiving and transmitting frequencies are different each other, node 12 and 13, as operate standalone in front of each other, may use Fl or F2.
SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 28) Fig. 4 details Using different Frequencies in Receiving and transmitting side.
Fig. 5 details the frame structure of 2 frequency mode.
Tx Subframe structure for single frequency mode
Fig. 6 details different parts of the Tx Subframe. One or more burst may be configured for data transmission to other nodes, while part of the Tx subframe may remain unused (no Tx nor Rx) as in this time the subordinate and superordinate of this node are in Rx node from other nodes (see layer 3 in fig. 3 above).
Fig. 6: Transmit Subframe structure
Receive Subframe for single frequency mode
Fig. 5 details a different part of the Rx Subframe. Unused parts are configured when Preamble and Tx MAP are transmitted from Superordinate node. The 2 data burst are receiving as Multicast CID transmission, while burst one is received from its Superordinate node, and burst 2 received from one of its subordinate nodes.
Fig. 7: Receive sub-frame structure
Contention area:
Opportunity allocations are used for subordinate nodes to access to the Superordinate nodes. Different number of opportunity allocations can be configured, the example below shows implementation of 10 opportunity allocations.
Fig. 8: Opportunity allocations in Rx subframe
Herein the characteristics of the Contention format:
- Transmission in QPSK with repetition 6
- 3 slots allocation per opportunity i.e. 3 bytes
- Contain the following information o 8 bit of Subordinate ID
SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 28) o 8 bit logical not of ID (validation) o 8 bit of BW requested in bytes
Profile Selected:
Different profiles can be selected, doesn't matter whether the DL:UL ratio is 1 :1 or other ratios. IEEE802.16 defined ratios are proposed.
Both TDD or H-FDD (half FDD) can be used.
Mesh Node working mode
All Transmissions from MeshNodes are as defined by WiMAX in Downlink. Each
MeshNode from each Mesh layer transmits highest sector ID in order to distinguish between different layers.
Each MeshNode starts with site survey that includes: o Find working components (BS, MN) o Learn all active preambles and randomize select free PN when Sector ID is incremented by one o Synchronize to highest Mesh layer o Start transmitting Preamble
MeshNode Operating mode
All traffic is sent as Multicast traffic, and partitioning between DL and UL can be done dynamically, even from frame to frame.
MN send request for BW allocation before transmitting, or alternatively can request constant BW allocation. MN used implicit 4 CIDs as there is no need of Service Flow definition.
MeshNodes tasks in the MAC layer
The following are the MN tasks in the MAC layer:
Network entry
The procedure are: o Site survey before start network entry and select the highest layer with reasonable CINR o Random select preamble ID (from unused list) o Ranging process with higher layer using preamble (transmit preamble in random frame)
* Registration with higher layer o Create all service flows with serving MN, RS, BS (higher layer)
SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 28) o Data transmitting according to slotted Aloha (CSMA-CD) in time/frequency domain o Acknowledge each transition by receiver side
MeshNode Switching and Forwarding
The concept is using 2nd or 3rd layer switching with IP traffic. In the case of 2nd layer switching, each MN change source MAC address to its MAC address. When destination IP is unknown traffic is send to higher layer (MN, RS or BS). Ethernet broadcast are sent to all directions, and again may be sent from the receiving node, until the final destination. Using a spanning tree to avoid loops (only on broadcast).
SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 28)

Claims

1. A WIMAX method of communication as detailed in the present disclosure with the attached drawings.
2. A WIMAX method of communication comprising a network with several layers of MeshNodes, while each MeshNode can change its layer according to the radio coverage quality and/or any other criteria enabled by the system.
3. The WIMAX method of communication according to claim 2, wherein, in case there are fixed BSs in the network, the BSs will function as the first layer (or root) and as the Superordinate of the second layer.
4. The WIMAX method of communication according to claim 3, wherein more layers may be defined as each upper layer will be Superordinate of its Subordinate layer.
SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 28)
PCT/IL2008/001601 2007-12-13 2008-12-10 Wimax method of communication WO2009074986A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IL188098 2007-12-13
IL188098A IL188098A0 (en) 2007-12-13 2007-12-13 Wimax method of communication

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WO2009074986A2 true WO2009074986A2 (en) 2009-06-18
WO2009074986A3 WO2009074986A3 (en) 2010-03-11

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6128496A (en) * 1994-06-28 2000-10-03 Littlefeet, Inc. Cellular transceiver station with adjustable time lag
US20060146730A1 (en) * 2005-01-05 2006-07-06 Meshnetworks, Inc. Multicast architecture for wireless mesh networks
US7224642B1 (en) * 2006-01-26 2007-05-29 Tran Bao Q Wireless sensor data processing systems

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6128496A (en) * 1994-06-28 2000-10-03 Littlefeet, Inc. Cellular transceiver station with adjustable time lag
US20060146730A1 (en) * 2005-01-05 2006-07-06 Meshnetworks, Inc. Multicast architecture for wireless mesh networks
US7224642B1 (en) * 2006-01-26 2007-05-29 Tran Bao Q Wireless sensor data processing systems

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IL188098A0 (en) 2008-11-03
WO2009074986A3 (en) 2010-03-11

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