WO2009070036A2 - Improvements in and relating to wave pool construction - Google Patents
Improvements in and relating to wave pool construction Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009070036A2 WO2009070036A2 PCT/NZ2008/000313 NZ2008000313W WO2009070036A2 WO 2009070036 A2 WO2009070036 A2 WO 2009070036A2 NZ 2008000313 W NZ2008000313 W NZ 2008000313W WO 2009070036 A2 WO2009070036 A2 WO 2009070036A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- wave
- pool
- channel
- continuous
- generated
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B69/00—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports
- A63B69/0093—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports for surfing, i.e. without a sail; for skate or snow boarding
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B69/00—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports
- A63B69/12—Arrangements in swimming pools for teaching swimming or for training
- A63B69/125—Devices for generating a current of water in swimming pools
Definitions
- This invention relates to improvements in and relating to wave pool construction.
- this invention is directed to provide an improved continuous wave pool apparatus, method of construction and methods of operation.
- the present invention relates to a wave pool particularly designed for surf-riding
- the invention will be applicable for use in recreational and competitive wave and surfing pool facilities. However, the invention may have applications outside this field.
- the invention may be used to provide training facilities for surfers, for testing surfboard design and so forth.
- a continuous surfing pool consists of a channel with wave generators.
- the waves move endlessly around the channel and return to their starting position multiple times.
- water flow is used to create a standing wave which forms on a steep incline in the channel (US Patent Nos. 6629803, 6932541, 6019547).
- US Patent Nos. 6629803, 6932541, 6019547 The problem with these devices is that the waves are not propagating around the channel, instead they form on the sculpted step and remain in place, similar to standing waves in a river.
- the principal means of forming the wave is through current flow and so the device does not provide a surfing ride similar to the ocean, where the wave moves laterally and the surfer rides on the wave face as the wave moves shoreward
- One invention reveals a continuous wave pool (US Patent No. 3,913,322).
- a wave generator runs around a ring which is internal to a circular pool.
- the wave generator is like a plow moving through the water which puts out bow waves that are said to be suitable for surfing.
- a fourth problem relates to finding the means to re-use the residual wave crest that returns to the starting point and thereby reduce the cost of wave generation
- a fifth problem relates to finding the means to place the wave generators in a side channel which links with the continuous pool.
- Wave pools are man-made channels of water in which waves are created to mimic waves in an ocean.
- a wave pool is typically operated in conjunction with a wave generating machine located at a designated point around an edge of the pool.
- the wave generating machine creates periodic waves that travel along the pool channel.
- the present invention is directed to the apparatus and methods of manufacture and operation of an improved continuous wave pool.
- the waves should be high in height and long in period but also steep enough to break at their top along the crest line.
- a problem with many existing wave pools is that the wave has a shortened wave period as the wave decays and thus the surf ride may be limited.
- limitations in the length of wave pools may mean the height of generated waves is kept low and so may not appeal to some surfers.
- the present invention is directed to providing a wave pool where the wave is continuous and obviates the need to continually generate completely new waves and yet is not detrimental to wave formation or maintenance.
- the ride is in effect extended without the need to physically extend the pool size.
- This invention enables multiple traveling waves to be generated which can be used by multiple surfers at the same time.
- the ride length is determined then primarily by the surfer's ability to stay with the wave.
- the wave formation may be variable across the wave, thereby suiting both inexperienced and experienced surfers who can choose where along the wave the conditions match or test the surfer's abilities.
- the present invention is also achieved without the need to have multiple wave generators located in or around the interior of the pool wall.
- a continuous wave pool for surfing including a continuous channel with side walls and a sloping bottom of near- parabolic shape on the corners with the shallowest depth on the inside of the corner and deepest depth on the outside of the corner, said sloping channel bottom enabling a wave generated in the pool to travel smoothly by refraction around comers of any radius or shape.
- the near-parabolic slope is designed according to a mathematical formula that allows the wave to be maintained
- a continuous wave pool substantially as described above wherein the waves are generated via a wave generation system contained in one or more side channels that feed into the main channel.
- a continuous wave pool substantially as described above wherein the wave generation is timed such that after traveling down the side channel the wave joins smoothly onto a passing residual wave that has already traveled around the continuous channel.
- a continuous wave pool substantially as described above wherein, the continuous channel includes converging side walls as it approaches the wave generator system to ensure a smooth join of a residual wave with a newly generated wave
- a continuous wave pool substantially as described above wherein, the side walls will converge and then diverge again in chosen locations- around the channel to cause the wave to break.
- a continuous wave pool substantially as described above wherein, the continuous channel includes a water pumping system oriented such that the flow of the pump is opposite to the currents that are generated in the continuous pool when the waves break.
- the continuous wave channel is of substantially racecourse shape. Other shapes can, however, be adopted with multiple corners of chosen radius and channel width.
- the bed of the channel will be nominally horizontal in the straight sections of the pool, although mild slopes across the channel can be adopted.
- the parabolic curve is needed to promote travel of the wave around the corners of the wave pool. Accordingly, changes to the floor shape are limited, but can occur depending on the wave pool performance required. However, the intensity and number of the corners can be varied to match the abilities of beginner versus better surfers. Also, the wave pool channel width may be greater for experienced surfers who would use more wave face by riding in a zig-zag fashion.
- the wave may be directed into a corner to cause a reflection. This has the effect of creating a wave that surges between the walls and can be used to make the wave break. This would be achieved to a greater degree as the floor shape becomes less closely aligned with the parabola. Thus, other wave effects can be created by reflecting the wave off the wall of the continuous wave pool.
- the bed of the channel is tilted across the channel according to the following method which adopts wave refraction to turn the wave around corners.
- H is the wave height.
- the corner is continuous around the circle in a pool which consists of two concentric circles with a water filled channel between them.
- the diameter of the circles would depend on the size of the pool required. If the diameter of the inner and outer circle are Di mner and Yi outer -respectively, the circumference of the two circles is given by:
- the time of travel for the wave to move one full loop around the outer circle is:
- Y outer is the velocity of the wave
- h ou ter is the depth of the channel along the outer wall.
- V inmr is the velocity of the wave
- h imer is the depth along the inner wall.
- the time of travel around the outer wall should equal the time of travel around the inner wall, i.e.
- the formulae provide the means to calculate the depth on the inner and outer edges of the ring.
- the same formula can be applied to find the depth across the full width of the channel using the appropriate diameter for each location across the channel, so that all of the wave crest travels smoothly around the corner.
- equation (7) it becomes evident that the shape of the floor in cross-section across the channel will be parabolic.
- the depths across the channel can be correctly determined for corners of any radius and shape.
- equation (7) embodies the principle of the invention, the speed of the wave depends on both the depth and the wave height (as in equation Ib) and so this will need to be considered for large waves in shallow water and some tuning of the formula will be needed for different water depths, wave heights and wave shapes in the pool (equation 7b).
- the wave will also take some time to react to the changed bottom depths and so this will need to be allowed for in the design of the channel cross-sectional shape.
- the shape of the floor in cross-section will be close to parabolic with a shape embodied in the method described above. While these calculations are only valid for a circle, the principle can be generalised to any corner and to any depth across the channel. Of course, the depth would be set on the inner circle according to the requirements for the pool. In shallow depths, the wave may be very steep or break. In deeper depths, the wave would be less steep. The former case with sharp corners is most suitable for experienced surfers while the latter case with mild corners would be suitable for beginners.
- the channel could meander with left and right hand corners and the wave would move around the corner with a straight crest across the channel if the principle of the method described is adopted.
- the wave generation system For the wave generation, each time the wave crest comes past some extra energy should be added by creating a new wave into the pool so that the generation of the new wave occurs in the pool at the precise time that the existing wave passes. This leads to a resonance where the wave height is constantly reinforced after each revolution and no energy is wasted. As such, the wave generation system is very energy efficient.
- a method of maintaining a wave in a continuous wave pool for surfing including the steps 1 of: Initiating an original, primary wave; and Generating a secondary wave at a pre-determined time and having predetermined wave energy; and
- the above method relies on resonance to build the wave energy using, in effect, booster waves.
- This system obviates the need to generate a completely new wave for the continuous pool for each surfing ride.
- the surfing ride is maintained using the same wave which is "boosted” to maintain its wave energy with each successive merging of the generated "booster" waves.
- One additional option for the wave generation is to have one or more side channels, each containing wave generators.
- the wave is generated in the side channel so that it joins smoothly with the wave passing in the continuous pool.
- the smooth join is enabled by causing the channel of the continuous wave pool to become narrower before the wave generation channel.
- the width of the narrower section of channel will be determined by the loss of wave height as the wave travels between wave generators and the height of the generated wave.
- the wave height in the channel of the continuous wave pool should be constricted by the converging side walls so that it has the same height as the wave coming from the side channel.
- the wave would usually not break in the pool, although the invention would still work if it did. If the wave breaks, it will cause a current to flow in the direction of the waves. This can be overcome by discharging pumped water with a direction along the channel which is opposite to the direction of the current.
- the depth on the inner wall of the continuous wave pool channel is usually set so that the wave is cresting, - that is, close to breaking; and this occurs when the wave height is approximately equal to the water depth.
- the depth will vary with the wave height that is required in the pool.
- Typical sizes of the channel may be 2-20 metres wide, although wider channels are possible.
- the length of the channel may be from 30-500 metres long.
- Variations to the invention may be desirable depending on the applications with which it is to be used. Regard would of course be had to effecting the desired wave height, speed and number of waves within the continuous wave pool at any one time.
- the present invention is differentiated from many existing products by virtue of the specific ability to supplement the energy of a primary wave by merging with a secondary wave generated for this purpose; and by enabling a wave pool to operate with continuous waves for prolonged periods.
- some varying embodiments of the present invention have been described above and are to be yet exampled, it should further be appreciated different embodiments, uses, and applications of the present invention also exist. Further embodiments of the present invention will now be given by way of example only, to help better describe and define the present invention. However, describing the specified embodiments should not be seen as limiting the scope of this invention.
- Figure 1 is a top plan view of one embodiment of the present invention showing a continuous wave channel of circular racecourse shape with wave generator channel, constriction for wave breaking and pumping system to cancel out the currents generated by the breaking waves;
- Figure 2 is a top plan view of a continuous circular wave pool with example depths and side channel for wave generator, illustrating where the pool becomes narrower when approaching the wave generator to hold up the wave height and provide a smooth link with the synchronous wave coming from the generator channel, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 3 is a top plan view of a continuous wave pool channel with two wave generators in the side channels and exampling a depth pattern in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a continuous wave pool channel in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a continuous wave pool channel including a wave generator side channels in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Best Modes for Carrying Out the Invention
- a continuous wave pool (generally indicated by arrow 1) for surfing.
- Said continuous wave pool includes a continuous channel (2) with side walls (3a and 3b) and a sloping bottom (4) of near-parabolic shape (4a) on the corners with the shallowest depth on the inside (5) of the corner and deepest depth on the outside (6) of the corner.
- the wave pool illustrated in Figure 1 is substantially circular, or racecourse shaped. Other shapes can however, be adopted with multiple corners of chosen radius and channel width as shown in Figure 3. Typical sizes of the channel may be 2-20 metres wide, although wider channels are possible. The length of the channel may be from 30-500 metres long.
- the sloping channel bottom (4) enables a wave generated in the pool to travel smoothly by refraction around corners of any radius or shape.
- the bottom of the channel will however be nominally horizontal (as shown at 4b) in the straight sections of the pool, although mild slopes across the channel can be adopted.
- the depth on the inner wall (3a) of the continuous wave pool channel is usually set so that the wave is cresting, that is, close to breaking; and this occurs when the wave height is approximately equal to the water depth. Thus, the depth will vary with the wave height that is required in the pool.
- the continuous wave pool system also includes one or more side channels (7) that feed in to the main channel (2).
- the side channels include wave generators (8).
- the wave generators (8) generate a secondary wave which travels down the side channel and joins smoothly onto a passing primary residual wave that has already traveled around the continuous channel.
- the continuous channel includes converging side walls as shown at (3c). The side walls converge as the main channel approaches the vicinity of communication of the side channel with the main channel. The converging side walls of the main channel ensure a smooth join of the residual wave with a newly generated secondary wave.
- the width of the narrower section of the main channel is determined by the loss of wave height of the primary wave (as the primary wave travels between wave generators) and the height of the generated wave. For best results, the wave height in the main channel of the continuous wave pool should be constricted by the converging side walls so that it has the same height as the wave coming from the side channel.
- the side walls will converge and then diverge again (as shown at 3d) in chosen locations around the channel to cause the wave to break.
- the continuous channel also includes a water pumping system (9) including an inlet (at 9a and an outlet at 9b) oriented such that the flow of the pump (as shown at 10) is opposite to the currents (as shown at 11) that are generated in the continuous pool when the waves break.
- a water pumping system 9 including an inlet (at 9a and an outlet at 9b) oriented such that the flow of the pump (as shown at 10) is opposite to the currents (as shown at 11) that are generated in the continuous pool when the waves break.
- the depth of the main channel would be set on the inner circle according to the requirements for the pool. In shallow depths, the wave may be very steep or break. In deeper depths, the wave would be less steep. The former case with sharp corners is most suitable for experienced surfers while the latter case with mild corners would be suitable for beginners.
- the channel could meander with left and right hand comers and the wave would move around the comer with a straight crest across the channel if the principle of the method described is adopted.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2008330290A AU2008330290A1 (en) | 2007-11-27 | 2008-11-27 | Improvements in and relating to wave pool construction |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NZ56376207A NZ563762A (en) | 2007-11-27 | 2007-11-27 | Closed path solitary or cnoidal waves for surfing |
NZ563762 | 2007-11-27 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2009070036A2 true WO2009070036A2 (en) | 2009-06-04 |
WO2009070036A3 WO2009070036A3 (en) | 2009-07-23 |
Family
ID=40679175
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/NZ2008/000313 WO2009070036A2 (en) | 2007-11-27 | 2008-11-27 | Improvements in and relating to wave pool construction |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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AU (1) | AU2008330290A1 (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ563762A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2009070036A2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2019125870A1 (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2019-06-27 | American Wave Machines, Inc. | Improvement to wave making apparatus |
US11534672B2 (en) | 2016-11-08 | 2022-12-27 | Ka'ana Wave Company Inc. | Wave producing method and apparatus |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4774731A (en) * | 1987-05-27 | 1988-10-04 | Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha | Wave pool |
US6920651B2 (en) * | 2003-06-05 | 2005-07-26 | Michael Kevin Roberts | Surfing ring wave pool for generating multiple simultaneous endless traveling waves looping around a center island |
AU2004240161B1 (en) * | 2004-12-09 | 2006-04-13 | Liquid Time Ltd | Wave generating apparatus |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0988634A (en) * | 1995-09-29 | 1997-03-31 | Kubota Corp | Centrifugal governor for diesel engine |
-
2007
- 2007-11-27 NZ NZ56376207A patent/NZ563762A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2008
- 2008-11-27 AU AU2008330290A patent/AU2008330290A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-11-27 WO PCT/NZ2008/000313 patent/WO2009070036A2/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4774731A (en) * | 1987-05-27 | 1988-10-04 | Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha | Wave pool |
US6920651B2 (en) * | 2003-06-05 | 2005-07-26 | Michael Kevin Roberts | Surfing ring wave pool for generating multiple simultaneous endless traveling waves looping around a center island |
AU2004240161B1 (en) * | 2004-12-09 | 2006-04-13 | Liquid Time Ltd | Wave generating apparatus |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11534672B2 (en) | 2016-11-08 | 2022-12-27 | Ka'ana Wave Company Inc. | Wave producing method and apparatus |
WO2019125870A1 (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2019-06-27 | American Wave Machines, Inc. | Improvement to wave making apparatus |
US10526806B2 (en) | 2017-12-21 | 2020-01-07 | American Wave Machines, Inc. | Wave making apparatus |
US10774553B2 (en) | 2017-12-21 | 2020-09-15 | American Wave Machines, Inc. | Wave making apparatus |
AU2018388807B2 (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2020-10-22 | American Wave Machines, Inc. | Improvement to wave making apparatus |
AU2020223662B2 (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2021-01-21 | American Wave Machines, Inc | Improvement to wave making apparatus |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2008330290A1 (en) | 2009-06-04 |
NZ563762A (en) | 2010-06-25 |
WO2009070036A3 (en) | 2009-07-23 |
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