WO2009061301A1 - Procédé et appareil pour optimiser la déshumidification - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil pour optimiser la déshumidification Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2009061301A1
WO2009061301A1 PCT/US2007/023543 US2007023543W WO2009061301A1 WO 2009061301 A1 WO2009061301 A1 WO 2009061301A1 US 2007023543 W US2007023543 W US 2007023543W WO 2009061301 A1 WO2009061301 A1 WO 2009061301A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
speed
fan motor
set forth
evaporator
motor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2007/023543
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Alexander Lifson
Michael F. Taras
Original Assignee
Carrier Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carrier Corporation filed Critical Carrier Corporation
Priority to PCT/US2007/023543 priority Critical patent/WO2009061301A1/fr
Priority to US12/741,910 priority patent/US20100236262A1/en
Publication of WO2009061301A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009061301A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • F24F3/1405—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification in which the humidity of the air is exclusively affected by contact with the evaporator of a closed-circuit cooling system or heat pump circuit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
    • F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
    • F24F11/77—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity by controlling the speed of ventilators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/81—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the air supply to heat-exchangers or bypass channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/88—Electrical aspects, e.g. circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • F24F2003/144—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification by dehumidification only
    • F24F2003/1446—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification by dehumidification only by condensing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/10—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/20—Humidity
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to air conditioning systems and, more particularly, to control of an indoor fan to obtain improved dehumidification.
  • the respective levels of temperature and humidity in a conditioned space are controlled by selectively operating an evaporator fan by periodically switching between the first speed and the second speed, with the second speed being higher than the first speed. Furthermore, when higher cooling capacities are desired, the period of time associated with the indoor fan operation at the second speed is increased, and when lower relative humidity levels are desired, the period of time associated with the indoor fan operation in the first speed is increased.
  • the first speed is one of the lower available speeds and the second speed is one of the higher available speeds.
  • the first speed is zero and the second speed is the only operational speed of that evaporator fan motor.
  • the frequency of switching between the first speed and the second speed may be determined based on reliability considerations and variations of temperature and humidity in the conditioned space.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an air conditioning system with the present invention incorporated therein.
  • FIG. 2 is a graphic illustration of the manner in which the evaporator fan motor is controlled in accordance with the present invention.
  • the invention is shown generally at 10 as incorporated into an air conditioning system 11 which includes, in serial flow relationship, a compressor 12, a heat rejection heat exchanger 13, an expansion device 14 and a heat accepting heat exchanger 16.
  • the heat rejection heat exchanger assembly includes a motor driven air-moving device or fan 17 and the heat accepting heat exchanger assembly includes an air-moving device or fan 18 driven by an electric motor 15.
  • the heat rejection heat exchanger 13 is a condenser for subcritical applications and a gas cooler for transcritical applications, while a heat accepting heat exchanger 16 is generally known as an evaporator.
  • the basic conventional air conditioning system 11 is typically utilized to provide cooling to a conditioned space 19.
  • the indoor airflow driven by the indoor fan 18 passes over external surfaces of the evaporator 16 and is delivered to the conditioned space 19, it is cooled and typically dehumidified, prior to entering the conditioned space 19.
  • the focus is typically on providing cooling to the conditioned space 19, while dehumidification occurs as a side effect of this cooling process.
  • a temperature sensor 21 and a humidity sensor 22 whose sensed values are sent along the respective transmission lines 23 and 24 to a control 26.
  • the control 26 then responsively operates a relay 27 to control the speed of the evaporator fan motor 15 in a manner to be described hereinafter.
  • the relay 27 is only representative of various other types of switching devices that can be used for this purpose. For example, an electronic switch or an optical switch could also be used in place of the relay 27.
  • the evaporator fan motor 15 is operated at full speed for a single speed motor or at the highest speed for a multi-speed (e.g. two-speed) motor, so as to obtain the maximum amount of air being passed over the external surfaces of the evaporator 16.
  • the increased evaporator airflow and elevated saturation suction temperature of the refrigerant will provide maximum evaporator capacity, but on a relative basis, its latent component will be reduced such that the relative humidity in the space 19 may tend to increase. Since in this mode of operation, the focus is on sensible cooling, the humidity sensor feedback potentially showing slight relative humidity increase will be overridden.
  • the heat load in the conditioned space 19 may be at a moderate level or environmental conditions may not be that severe (relatively low ambient temperatures). In these cases, the full cooling capacity provided by the air conditioning system 11 and full sensible capacity of the evaporator 16 are not required.
  • the system may be controlled to operate with the focus on dehumidification to primarily reduce the relative humidity in the conditioned space 19.
  • the evaporator fan motor 15 is switched between the first lower speed and the second higher speed, in order to obtain a reduced overall time-averaged speed.
  • a reduced time-averaged speed of the evaporator fan motor 15 a lower time-averaged airflow is passing over external surfaces of the evaporator 16 resulting in a lower refrigerant saturation suction temperature.
  • the latent component of the evaporator capacity is increased, on a relative basis, which, in turn, tends to reduce the relative humidity in the conditioned space 19.
  • the reduced time-averaged airflow causes sensible component of the evaporator capacity to decrease, which is acceptable since the higher cooling capacity is not required during this time periods of reduced cooling demands.
  • SHR sensible heat ratios
  • the first speed is one of the lower available speeds and the second speed is one of the higher available speeds.
  • the switching may be performed between any of the lower speeds and any of the higher speeds.
  • the first speed is zero and the second speed is the only operational speed of that evaporator fan motor.
  • the frequency of switching between the first speed and the second speed may be determined based at least on reliability considerations and variations of temperature and humidity in the conditioned space. On one hand, too frequent switching may reduce reliability of the air management components of the air conditioning system 11. On the other hand, prolonged operational time intervals at each speed may cause excessive temperature and humidity fluctuations in the conditioned space 19.
  • the time spent at each speed level within one cycle determines time-averaged speed for the evaporator fan motor 15 and time-averaged sensible and latent components of the capacity for the evaporator 16.
  • the evaporator fan 15 does not have to be brought to a complete stop and may be engaged again in a consequent cycle while still rotating due to inertia that would assist in a starting torque and power consumption reduction in a subsequent cycle.
  • the evaporator fan motor 15 may be engaged and disengaged by shutting off electric power provided to the evaporator fan motor 15 or an evaporator fan 18 may be engaged and disengaged by mechanical means such as an electro-magnetic clutch.
  • air conditioning system 11 depicted in Fig.l is a very basic system and shown for illustrative purposes only. In reality, air conditioning system 11 may have many enhancement features and design options. All such systems are within the scope and can equally benefit from the invention.
  • the air conditioning system 11 may have various unloading options known in the art, such as hot gas bypass, suction modulation, multiple circuits, vapor injection, economizer-to-suction bypass, digital scroll compressor, two-stage compressor, cylinder unloading for a reciprocating compressor, etc. All these unloading options can be used in combination with indoor fan cycling to control latent and sensible components of the capacity for the evaporator 16.
  • the evaporator fan motor 15 is a multi-speed motor, it is selectively cycled between one of the higher available speeds and one of the lower available speeds as shown in Fig. 2.
  • the values T, ti and t 2 have the following meaning:
  • time-averaged speed is defined as follows:
  • the values of T, ti and t 2 can be selectively varied as desired to accomplish the desired result of achieving latent and sensible components of the evaporator capacity while satisfying reliability requirements as well as temperature and humidity variations in the conditioned space. That is, the time ratio of ti/t 2 can vary from 0 to ⁇ . For instance, in a variety of applications, the period of a single cycle, T, can be varied within a range of 5 second to 2 minutes.
  • the cycle frequency is determined by the reliability requirements in order not to overheat or wear cycling components as well as limitations imposed on variations of temperature and humidity in the conditioned space, while the time at the higher speed t 2 is defined by the latent and sensible components of the evaporator capacity required to satisfy thermal load demands in the conditioned space.
  • an air conditioning system and an associated conditioned space have significantly large thermal inertia, such evaporator fan cycling and airflow fluctuations should not affect environmental parameters in the climate-controlled space. Further, the provided time-averaged airflow should not deviate much from the mean value preventing uncomfortable conditions for an occupant of the conditioned space. Since the air duct system has significant volume, such airflow fluctuations will be reduced well before reaching the conditioned environment..

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

Dans le cadre de la présente invention, des niveaux de température et d'humidité de confort dans un espace climatisé sont commandés en mettant en cycle la vitesse d'un moteur de ventilateur d'évaporateur de manière, de sorte que, pendant des périodes où une capacité perceptible plus importante est souhaitée, la période pendant laquelle le moteur de ventilateur fonctionne à une vitesse plus importante soit rallongée, et que, pendant des périodes où une capacité latente plus importante est souhaitée, la période pendant laquelle le moteur de ventilateur fonctionne à une vitesse plus faible soit rallongée. Le moteur de ventilateur peut être un moteur à vitesse unique qui est commuté entre des positions de marche et d'arrêt, ou il peut être un moteur à vitesses multiples qui est mis en cycle entre une vitesse plus importante et une vitesse plus faible.
PCT/US2007/023543 2007-11-08 2007-11-08 Procédé et appareil pour optimiser la déshumidification WO2009061301A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2007/023543 WO2009061301A1 (fr) 2007-11-08 2007-11-08 Procédé et appareil pour optimiser la déshumidification
US12/741,910 US20100236262A1 (en) 2007-11-08 2007-11-08 Method and apparatus for improving dehumidification

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2007/023543 WO2009061301A1 (fr) 2007-11-08 2007-11-08 Procédé et appareil pour optimiser la déshumidification

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009061301A1 true WO2009061301A1 (fr) 2009-05-14

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Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US20100236262A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009061301A1 (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2348259A3 (fr) * 2009-12-18 2012-03-07 LTG Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif et procédé destinés à l'aération et / ou la climatisation d'une pièce
EP2527754A1 (fr) * 2011-05-23 2012-11-28 Lennox Industries Inc. Système de commande et procédé de commande de confort et d'économie d'énergie dans un système de conditionnement d'air
EP2546084A1 (fr) * 2011-07-12 2013-01-16 A.P. Møller - Mærsk A/S Contrôle de l'humidité dans un conteneur de transport réfrigéré doté d'un compresseur à fonctionnement intermittent
WO2013007627A1 (fr) * 2011-07-12 2013-01-17 A.P. Møller - Mærsk A/S Régulation de l'humidité dans un conteneur de transport réfrigéré comprenant un compresseur actionné par intermittence
WO2016176344A1 (fr) * 2015-04-27 2016-11-03 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. Système et procédé de commande d'un compresseur à capacité variable
US9709311B2 (en) 2015-04-27 2017-07-18 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. System and method of controlling a variable-capacity compressor
US10197319B2 (en) 2015-04-27 2019-02-05 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. System and method of controlling a variable-capacity compressor
CN109442668A (zh) * 2018-11-09 2019-03-08 奥克斯空调股份有限公司 一种空调控制方法及空调器
US10408517B2 (en) 2016-03-16 2019-09-10 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. System and method of controlling a variable-capacity compressor and a variable speed fan using a two-stage thermostat
US10760814B2 (en) 2016-05-27 2020-09-01 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. Variable-capacity compressor controller with two-wire configuration

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US20120118985A1 (en) * 2010-11-16 2012-05-17 Braebum Systems, LLC Control for air handler
US9207001B1 (en) * 2012-06-29 2015-12-08 Mainstream Engineering Corporation Retrofit device to improve vapor compression cooling system performance by dynamic blower speed modulation
CN106796039B (zh) * 2014-09-05 2020-08-18 豪威株式会社 除湿装置及其工作方法
US10955164B2 (en) * 2016-07-14 2021-03-23 Ademco Inc. Dehumidification control system

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US5247805A (en) * 1991-03-18 1993-09-28 Carrier Corporation Fan cycling means of head pressure control
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US3646773A (en) * 1969-09-26 1972-03-07 Trane Co Mobile refrigeration system
US4003729A (en) * 1975-11-17 1977-01-18 Carrier Corporation Air conditioning system having improved dehumidification capabilities
US5247805A (en) * 1991-03-18 1993-09-28 Carrier Corporation Fan cycling means of head pressure control
US5711159A (en) * 1994-09-07 1998-01-27 General Electric Company Energy-efficient refrigerator control system

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2348259A3 (fr) * 2009-12-18 2012-03-07 LTG Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif et procédé destinés à l'aération et / ou la climatisation d'une pièce
EP2527754A1 (fr) * 2011-05-23 2012-11-28 Lennox Industries Inc. Système de commande et procédé de commande de confort et d'économie d'énergie dans un système de conditionnement d'air
EP2772699A1 (fr) * 2011-05-23 2014-09-03 Lennox Industries Inc. Procédé de commande de confort et d'économie d'énergie dans un système de conditionnement d'air
EP2546084A1 (fr) * 2011-07-12 2013-01-16 A.P. Møller - Mærsk A/S Contrôle de l'humidité dans un conteneur de transport réfrigéré doté d'un compresseur à fonctionnement intermittent
WO2013007627A1 (fr) * 2011-07-12 2013-01-17 A.P. Møller - Mærsk A/S Régulation de l'humidité dans un conteneur de transport réfrigéré comprenant un compresseur actionné par intermittence
US10132543B2 (en) 2015-04-27 2018-11-20 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. System and method of controlling a variable-capacity compressor
US9562710B2 (en) 2015-04-27 2017-02-07 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. Diagnostics for variable-capacity compressor control systems and methods
US9709311B2 (en) 2015-04-27 2017-07-18 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. System and method of controlling a variable-capacity compressor
WO2016176344A1 (fr) * 2015-04-27 2016-11-03 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. Système et procédé de commande d'un compresseur à capacité variable
US10197319B2 (en) 2015-04-27 2019-02-05 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. System and method of controlling a variable-capacity compressor
US10436491B2 (en) 2015-04-27 2019-10-08 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. System and method of controlling a variable-capacity compressor
US10488092B2 (en) 2015-04-27 2019-11-26 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. System and method of controlling a variable-capacity compressor
US10830517B2 (en) 2015-04-27 2020-11-10 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. System and method of controlling a variable-capacity compressor
US11105546B2 (en) 2015-04-27 2021-08-31 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. System and method of controlling a variable-capacity compressor
US10408517B2 (en) 2016-03-16 2019-09-10 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. System and method of controlling a variable-capacity compressor and a variable speed fan using a two-stage thermostat
US11092371B2 (en) 2016-03-16 2021-08-17 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. System and method of controlling a variable-capacity compressor and a variable-capacity fan using a two-stage thermostat
US10760814B2 (en) 2016-05-27 2020-09-01 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. Variable-capacity compressor controller with two-wire configuration
CN109442668A (zh) * 2018-11-09 2019-03-08 奥克斯空调股份有限公司 一种空调控制方法及空调器

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