WO2009050735A1 - A novel polymorph of levetiracetam and a process for its preparation - Google Patents

A novel polymorph of levetiracetam and a process for its preparation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009050735A1
WO2009050735A1 PCT/IN2008/000673 IN2008000673W WO2009050735A1 WO 2009050735 A1 WO2009050735 A1 WO 2009050735A1 IN 2008000673 W IN2008000673 W IN 2008000673W WO 2009050735 A1 WO2009050735 A1 WO 2009050735A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
levetiracetam
preparation
organic solvent
crystalline form
crystals
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IN2008/000673
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Rajesh Kumar Thaper
Manoj Devilalji Prabhavat
Original Assignee
Lupin Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lupin Limited filed Critical Lupin Limited
Publication of WO2009050735A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009050735A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D207/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
    • C07D207/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D207/24—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
    • C07D207/26—2-Pyrrolidones
    • C07D207/263—2-Pyrrolidones with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to other ring carbon atoms
    • C07D207/27—2-Pyrrolidones with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to other ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the chemical arts and is specifically directed towards the polymorph of a pharmaceutically active compound - Levetiracetam.
  • Levetiracetam is the S-enantiomer of Etiracetam.
  • Etiracetam chemically known as 2-(2-oxopyrrolidin-l-yl)butanamide, is a racemic compound and was intended to be used therapeutically for the treatment of motion-sickness, hyperkinesia, hypertonia and epilepsy.
  • the compound Etiracetam was disclosed in the patent GB1309692.
  • the optically pure Levetiracetam of Formula I was formulated to be used as an anti-convulsive agent for the treatment of partial onset of seizures and epilepsy.
  • Levetiracetam is claimed in the patent EP0162036.
  • Levetiracetam The crystal structure of Levetiracetam was reported by Song et al. in 2003 (Acta Cryst. 2003, E59, 1772). Levetiracetam, like any chemical compound, can exist in various polymorphic forms. Three crystalline forms of Levetiracetam are disclosed in the PCT application published as WO2004/083180 (Applicant: Hetero Drugs), namely, crystalline forms I, II and III. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION:
  • the present inventors have now found a novel form of Levetiracetam that is not only stable but can also be prepared on an industrial scale.
  • Form IV has been characterized using powder X-ray Diffraction techniques.
  • Form IV of Levetiracetam may be further characterized as having peaks at 10.14, 14.87, 15.01, 15.12, 18.55, 20.53, 20.59, 22.18, 23.36, 23.86, 26.82, 26.96, 28.92, 29.98, 30.06, 30.29, 30.38, 30.57, 30.75, 32.04 degrees 2 Theta.
  • This crystalline Form IV can be prepared by crystallizing crude Levetiracetam from a suitable organic solvent such as organic esters.
  • the most preferred solvent is ethyl acetate.
  • the crude Levetiracetam is dissolved in the organic solvent at an elevated temperature and the solution is allowed to cool naturally for crystallization to occur. Slow cooling allows for the formation of better crystals.
  • the crude Levetiracetam can be obtained by any process as described in the prior art, for example the process as given in the patent EPO 162036. The following example illustrates the practice of the invention without being limiting in any way.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to Form IV of Levetiracetam and a process for its preparation.

Description

A NOVEL POLYMORPH OF LEVETIRACETAM AND A PROCESS FOR ITS PREPARATION
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION:
The present invention relates to the chemical arts and is specifically directed towards the polymorph of a pharmaceutically active compound - Levetiracetam.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION:
Levetiracetam, CAS number [102767-28-2], is the S-enantiomer of Etiracetam. Etiracetam, chemically known as 2-(2-oxopyrrolidin-l-yl)butanamide, is a racemic compound and was intended to be used therapeutically for the treatment of motion-sickness, hyperkinesia, hypertonia and epilepsy. The compound Etiracetam was disclosed in the patent GB1309692. Upon the discovery that the S-enantiomer possessed a higher biological activity as compared to the racemate, the optically pure Levetiracetam of Formula I was formulated to be used as an anti-convulsive agent for the treatment of partial onset of seizures and epilepsy.
Figure imgf000002_0001
FORMULA I
Further studies have also been conducted for the use of Levetiracetam in the treatment of cognition disorders, anxiety disorders, and in patients at risk for deep venous thrombosis. Levetiracetam is claimed in the patent EP0162036.
The crystal structure of Levetiracetam was reported by Song et al. in 2003 (Acta Cryst. 2003, E59, 1772). Levetiracetam, like any chemical compound, can exist in various polymorphic forms. Three crystalline forms of Levetiracetam are disclosed in the PCT application published as WO2004/083180 (Applicant: Hetero Drugs), namely, crystalline forms I, II and III. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION:
According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a novel crystalline Form IV of Levetiracetam.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for the preparation of the polymorph by crystallization.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION:
The present inventors have now found a novel form of Levetiracetam that is not only stable but can also be prepared on an industrial scale.
According to one aspect of this invention, there is provided a novel crystalline form regarded herein as form IV of Levetiracetam that has been characterized using powder X-ray Diffraction techniques. Form IV has the X-ray diffraction pattern as depicted in Figure 1. (The diffractogram was generated under the following conditions: Cu - Kα) = 1.54060A, Ka2 = 1.54443A Kp= 1.39225A, 4OmA, 45kV). Form IV of Levetiracetam may be further characterized as having peaks at 10.14, 14.87, 15.01, 15.12, 18.55, 20.53, 20.59, 22.18, 23.36, 23.86, 26.82, 26.96, 28.92, 29.98, 30.06, 30.29, 30.38, 30.57, 30.75, 32.04 degrees 2 Theta.
In another aspect of the invention is provided a process for the preparation of the crystalline form IV. This crystalline Form IV can be prepared by crystallizing crude Levetiracetam from a suitable organic solvent such as organic esters. The most preferred solvent is ethyl acetate. The crude Levetiracetam is dissolved in the organic solvent at an elevated temperature and the solution is allowed to cool naturally for crystallization to occur. Slow cooling allows for the formation of better crystals. The crude Levetiracetam can be obtained by any process as described in the prior art, for example the process as given in the patent EPO 162036. The following example illustrates the practice of the invention without being limiting in any way.
Example: lOOg of Levetiracetam was added to 2.2L of ethyl acetate at ambient temperature. The mixture was heated to about 75°C, stirred and cooled gradually over a period of 3 - 4 hours.
Levetiracetam was allowed to crystallize and the crystals were filtered and washed with chilled (0 - 5°C) ethyl acetate. The crystals were dried under vacuum at 40 - 50°C. (Yield =
85.5%)

Claims

1. A crystalline form of Levetiracetam characterized by an XRD pattern as depicted in Figure 1.
2. A crystalline form of Levetiracetam having the following values of 2Θ: 10.14, 14.87, 15.01, 15.12, 18.55, 20.53, 20.59, 22.18, 23.36, 23.86, 26.82, 26.96, 28.92, 29.98, 30.06, 30.29, 30.38, 30.57.
3. A process for the preparation of Levetiracetam of claim 1, wherein Levetiracetam is added to an organic solvent, dissolved at a temperature of about 75°C, cooled gradually until crystals have formed and finally isolating the crystals by filtration.
4. A process for preparing crystalline Levetiracetam of claim 1, wherein the organic solvent is an organic ester.
5. A process according to claim 4, wherein the organic solvent is ethyl acetate.
PCT/IN2008/000673 2007-10-15 2008-10-15 A novel polymorph of levetiracetam and a process for its preparation WO2009050735A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IN1408KO2007 2007-10-15
IN1408/KOL/2007 2007-10-15

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WO2009050735A1 true WO2009050735A1 (en) 2009-04-23

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0162036A1 (en) * 1984-05-15 1985-11-21 U C B, S.A. (S)-alpha-ethyl-2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinacetamide
GB2225322A (en) * 1988-11-23 1990-05-30 Ucb Sa The preparation of S-alpha-ethyl-2-oxo-1-pyrrolidineacetamide
WO2004069796A2 (en) * 2003-02-03 2004-08-19 Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. Process for producing levetiracetam
WO2004083180A1 (en) * 2003-03-18 2004-09-30 Hetero Drugs Limited Novel crystalline forms of levetiracetam
US20050182262A1 (en) * 2004-02-18 2005-08-18 Acharyulu Palle V.R. Preparation of amino acid amides

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0162036A1 (en) * 1984-05-15 1985-11-21 U C B, S.A. (S)-alpha-ethyl-2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinacetamide
GB2225322A (en) * 1988-11-23 1990-05-30 Ucb Sa The preparation of S-alpha-ethyl-2-oxo-1-pyrrolidineacetamide
WO2004069796A2 (en) * 2003-02-03 2004-08-19 Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. Process for producing levetiracetam
WO2004083180A1 (en) * 2003-03-18 2004-09-30 Hetero Drugs Limited Novel crystalline forms of levetiracetam
US20050182262A1 (en) * 2004-02-18 2005-08-18 Acharyulu Palle V.R. Preparation of amino acid amides

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
SONG, JIAN ET AL: "2-(2-Oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)butyramide", ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA, SECTION E: STRUCTURE REPORTS ONLINE , E59(11), O1772-O1773 CODEN: ACSEBH; ISSN: 1600-5368 URL: HTTP://JOURNALS.IUCR.ORG/E/ISSUES/2003/11/00/CI6284/INDEX.HTML, 2003, XP002512694 *

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