WO2009049073A1 - Pet chew including compressible central portion - Google Patents

Pet chew including compressible central portion Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009049073A1
WO2009049073A1 PCT/US2008/079386 US2008079386W WO2009049073A1 WO 2009049073 A1 WO2009049073 A1 WO 2009049073A1 US 2008079386 W US2008079386 W US 2008079386W WO 2009049073 A1 WO2009049073 A1 WO 2009049073A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shaft
end caps
central portion
bladder
welding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2008/079386
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Glen S. Axelrod
Ajay Gajria
Zhenghong Tao
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TFH Publications Inc
Original Assignee
TFH Publications Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TFH Publications Inc filed Critical TFH Publications Inc
Priority to CN200880111438XA priority Critical patent/CN101820747B/zh
Priority to AU2008310834A priority patent/AU2008310834B2/en
Priority to CA2701898A priority patent/CA2701898C/en
Priority to EP08836884.0A priority patent/EP2203043B1/en
Priority to ES08836884T priority patent/ES2754556T3/es
Priority to JP2010529050A priority patent/JP5683269B2/ja
Publication of WO2009049073A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009049073A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K15/00—Devices for taming animals, e.g. nose-rings or hobbles; Devices for overturning animals in general; Training or exercising equipment; Covering boxes
    • A01K15/02—Training or exercising equipment, e.g. mazes or labyrinths for animals ; Electric shock devices; Toys specially adapted for animals
    • A01K15/025—Toys specially adapted for animals
    • A01K15/026—Chewable toys, e.g. for dental care of pets

Definitions

  • This invention relates to molded pet toys and, more particularly, to molded dog chews which may comprise a relatively softer elongated and compressible central portion and a pair of relatively harder more durable end caps.
  • the invention relates to the use of a "dog bone" configuration that may be assembled from component parts by a variety of methods.
  • Edible dog chews have been marketed which have a comparatively short shelf life and therefore must be replaced by retail outlets at frequent intervals. Yet other prior art dog chews may be lacking in structural integrity whereby they are susceptible to breakage during handling and shipping.
  • Pet toys such as dog chews may be produced in the form of strips or toys or even bone shapes, generally having larger ends and a smaller elongated shaft to allow the dog to easily pick them up.
  • the ends are generally bulbous and may be in the shape of a condyle. Dogs generally will hold a dog chew between their paws in order to chew the ends and an elongated shape allows easy access to the ends to maintain interest.
  • the present disclosure is directed an animal chew comprising an elongated central portion of a first material and a pair of end caps and a shaft of a second material, wherein said central portion comprises an elastomeric bladder which overlies but is spaced from said shaft, wherein said shaft connects said endcaps.
  • the bladder may include a longitudinal axis and an inner surface and the shaft may include a longitudinal axis and an outer surface and the inner surface of the bladder along the longitudinal axis is concave relative to the outer surface of the shaft.
  • the present disclosure relates to a method of producing an animal chew comprising providing an elongated central portion including a bladder, the elongated central portion having two ends and providing a pair of end caps, each of the end caps having a recessed portion for receiving either of the ends of said central portion.
  • This may be followed by providing a shaft to connect the end caps and attaching one of the pair of end caps to the shaft and placing the central portion over the shaft.
  • One may then attach the other of the pair of end caps to the shaft wherein the ends of the central portion each engage a recessed portion of the end caps.
  • the bladder may include a longitudinal axis and an inner surface and the shaft may include a longitudinal axis and an outer surface and the inner surface
  • the elastomeric bladder may include an outer layer of one or more materials having an attractive design in the shape and/or texture of a sports ball.
  • the bladder may be formed to fit loosely over and spaced from at least a portion of the shaft such that the central portion of the animal chew may be easily compressed. This may be due to the bladder having a more concave-shaped inner surface along its longitudinal axis than the shaft is convex along its longitudinal axis.
  • the outer layer may include one or more soft cover layers overlying the outer surface of the bladder.
  • the outer layer may comprise a fibrous material
  • the techniques for attaching the end caps to the central shaft may include insert molding, adhesive or chemical bonding, melt bonding, mechanical attachment or a combination of such methods.
  • the end caps may be attached to the shaft by providing a molded external thread on one or both ends of the shaft and a complementary internal thread one or both of the end caps.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a first exemplary embodiment of an animal chew according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a second exemplary embodiment of another design for an animal chew, according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a third exemplary embodiment of another design for a dog chew, according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a fourth exemplary embodiment of another design for an animal chew, according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a fifth exemplary embodiment of another design for an animal chew, according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is an exploded view of FIG. 5 illustrating one means for assembling the pet chew.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 illustrating how assembly may be accomplished by other attachment methods.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 illustrating one means for attaching the end caps and a bladder comprising the central portion of the dog chew of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the animal chew of FIG. 3 through the central portion.
  • the numerical reference character between the embodiments is held constant, but distinguished by the addition of an alphanumeric character to the existing numerical reference character.
  • an element referenced as 1OA in the first embodiment is correspondingly referenced as 1OB, 1OC, and so for the in subsequent embodiments.
  • the reference character applies equally as distinguished by alphanumeric character, to the other embodiments where the element is common.
  • dog chews which may comprise an elongated central portion of a first material and a pair of end caps of a second material.
  • the end caps may vary from the central portion or from each other by one or more properties such as, color, texture, hardness, toughness, nutritional value, flavor, odor or moisture level.
  • the end caps may be connected by a central shaft and the central portion may comprise a composite of an outer layer, which overlies a bladder, the bladder overlying but which may be spaced from the shaft.
  • FIG.l illustrates, in perspective view, a first exemplary embodiment of an animal chew 1OA comprised of an elongated central portion 2OA and end caps 3OA and 4OA.
  • the central portion 2OA may generally be of elongated shape and may be hollow and overlie a shaft (not shown) which may connect the end caps 3OA, 4OA.
  • the central portion may have a variety of appealing shapes and/ or designs.
  • the central portion 2OA may comprise a relatively softer material (e.g. lower relative Shore Hardness) and be more compressible (e.g.
  • the central portion may have a Shore Hardness of less than or equal to 10OA, whereas the end caps may have a Shore Hardness of greater than or equal to 50D.
  • the bladder may be a material of reduced specific gravity, for instance below 1.0, and be formed of a foamed material, such as but not limited, to a microcellular foam.
  • the central portion 2OA may be used for picking up and carrying the chew by the animal. By being generally softer and more compressible than the end caps, the central portion may also provide an alternative chewing experience.
  • the end caps 3OA, 4OA may be of a wide variety of molded shapes and designs, even differing from one end to the other.
  • the end caps may comprise a durable plastic material such as polyamide or nylon (e.g. nylon-6,6 or nylon 6) or polyurethane to prolong the life of the dog chew.
  • the resin used for the end caps may therefore include, but not be limited to a variety of engineering thermoplastics have a flex modulus of greater than or equal to about 150,000 psi, such as nylon-6,6, polyesters, etc.
  • the end caps may also comprise a shape or design that provides oral health benefits, including projections, grooves, etc. which may serve to massage the gums and clean the teeth of the pets during the chewing action.
  • the dog chew herein may comprise two or more materials, as between the central portion and end caps, which may differ in some physical, optical, sensual, functional or compositional property.
  • a difference in physical property may be understood to include, but not be limited to, a difference in hardness, tensile strength, modulus, elongation or compressive strength.
  • a difference in optical property may be understood herein as a difference in, e.g., color, indicia or clarity.
  • a difference in sensual properties may be understood as a difference in attractant level, wherein an attractant may be understood as any additive that may stimulate an animal's sense of smell to be attracted to the dog chew herein.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention wherein an animal chew 1OA comprises end caps 3OA, 4OA and at least a portion of the central shaft 2OA includes at least some of the physical design features of a baseball, including stitches outlining a portion of the ball.
  • the central portion may even further include decorations or logos for a favorite sports teams or sports organizations, trademarks, etc. It may be understood herein that when the central portion includes at least some of the physical features of a baseball, or other sports ball, it is meant that the outer surface of the central portion may include one or more of the following characteristics of a ball used in a sport; stitches, lacing, texture, decorative pattern, color, dimpling, shape, markings and materials of construction.
  • a soccer ball may have a hexagonal pattern and a tennis ball appearance may provide a felt outer cover and white seams in an interlocking double dumbbell pattern.
  • Felt may be understood, in the case of a non-woven, as a sheet of matted fibers, bonded together by needle-punching and/or chemical processes and the application of moisture, heat and pressure.
  • Felt may also be understood, in the case of a woven, as a material shrunk by a combination of moisture, heat, chemical and pressure so as to make it almost impossible to distinguish the weave.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional exploded view taken lengthwise through the animal chew of FIG. 1.
  • This view illustrates one exemplary embodiment of the present invention to provide a relatively rigid, durable end cap 4OA for chewing and a central portion 2OA having a relatively softer, compressible composite construction.
  • the central portion 2OA may comprise an elastomeric or rubber bladder 28A and an outer layer 26A of fibrous material.
  • elastomeric may be understood as a material herein includes those materials that may have an elongation of greater than 50% when stretched with a recovery of 50-100%, including all values and increments therein. It may also include those polymer materials that have a glass transition temperature or Tg below room temperature (25 0 C) and which have more than 50% amorphous (non-crystalline) domains.
  • the outer layer may, for instance, be leather in the case of a baseball, or felt in the case of a tennis ball, to provide authenticity to the feel and appearance of the central portion to resemble a specific type of sports ball.
  • the outer layer may also comprise a plurality of layers and include, for instance, a backing layer 70 (see FIG. 9) to support the outer fibrous layer in the case where the fibrous layer may not be easily attached to the outer surface of the bladder.
  • Fibrous materials are understood to mean materials that may be formed to have a relatively high length to width ratio, for instance, greater than 1000/1 and which may form a portion or all of a sheet material. These materials may include, but not be limited to, felt, suede, wovens, non-wovens, knits and leather.
  • the bladder may be relatively soft and flexible as compared to the endcaps.
  • the bladder may be shaped such that the bladder 28A has an inner surface that is concave in shape relative to its longitudinal axis. Such bladder may therefore be spaced from the shaft, and such spacing may be non-uniform along the length of the shaft.
  • the shaft of the chew 64 may itself be concentric on its outer surface and the inner surface of said bladder along said longitudinal axis may be more concave than said shaft along its longitudinal axis.
  • This may define a gap 60 between the shaft 64 and bladder 28A such that the central portion 2OA of the dog chew 1OA is compressible or squeezable and easily deflected.
  • the gap may be in the range of 0.125 - 1.5 inches spaced from the shaft, including all values and increment therein.
  • these layers may be adhered to one another by, for instance, heating, adhesive, etc., to form a composite central portion.
  • the backing layer may amount to a thermoplastic adhesive which may bond the outer layer to the bladder.
  • FIG. 8 Also shown in FIG. 8 is one exemplary embodiment of a means to attach the end caps and central portion of the dog chew 1OA together.
  • the shaft 64 may be molded integrally with one end cap 4OA and may include an end with an external thread 66.
  • the other end cap 3OA may include a matching internal thread 68 to allow engagement and disassembly, if desired to replace or exchange a component.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates a feature which may prevent the animal from easily separating the central, relatively softer portion from the relatively more rigid and durable end caps.
  • a recess 62 may be formed in the outer surface of the end caps 3OA, 4OA outboard of the shaft 64 which may be complementary in shape to the end of the central portion 2OA, in the illustrated case, a composite of an elastomeric bladder 28A and outer layer 26A.
  • the recess may extend about the shaft circumferentially (360 degrees) which may then cover and protect the ends of the central portion from being exposed. When assembled together, the ends of the central portion 2OA may then each lie within the recess 62 and not be readily accessible to the animal.
  • the threaded portion may be of such a length that the central portion may be compressed and forced into the recess by such threading action. This may also serve to increase the distance between the inner surface of the bladder 28A to the outer surface of the shaft 64 which may provide more relative compressibility of the central portion with respect to the shaft.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of another exemplary embodiment of the present invention wherein an animal chew 1OB comprises end caps 3OB, 4OB at least a portion of the central shaft 2OB resembles a football, including the texture and the laces used to grip the ball.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of another exemplary embodiment of the present invention wherein an animal chew 1OC comprises end caps 3OC, 4OC at least a portion of the central shaft 2OC includes some of the features of a tennis ball, including an outer cover having a fibrous outer surface.
  • the central portion 2OC may comprise tennis ball material such as a felt outer layer and white striping in at least a portion of a double dumbbell pattern.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention wherein an animal chew 1OD comprises end caps 3OD, 4OD at least a portion of the central shaft 2OD includes some of the features of a basketball, including a pebbled outer gripping surface with grooves.
  • the central shaft and end caps of the present invention may be assembled or attached by a variety of methods.
  • the end caps and the end of the shaft include complementary features, such as shaped surfaces or projections/undercuts or recesses/protrusions that assist in the attachment of the ends to the shaft.
  • the shaft and end caps may be fastened together mechanically, that is by, for instance, screws, bolts, washers, etc. or threading as shown in FIG. 8.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention wherein an animal chew 1OE comprises end caps 3OE, 4OE at least a portion of the central portion 2OE comprises a hollow elastomeric or rubber tube and the tube and end caps are attached by screws which project through both the ends of the shaft.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention wherein an animal chew 1OE comprises end caps 3OE, 4OE at least a portion of the central portion 2OE comprises a hollow elastomeric or rubber tube and the tube and end caps are attached by
  • FIG. 6 is an exploded view of FIG. 5 illustrating two screws 22 which may be inserted into holes 34 in the flanges 36 of the end caps and into holes 24 in the central portion 2OE. Holes 24 and 34 may be threaded to receive the screws 22 or a pair of shafts 50 may be placed inside the central portion 2OE, the shafts having threaded holes 54 for receiving the screws 22.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the shaft 64 and an end cap 3OA of FIG. 1 which will be used to illustrate another method of attaching the end caps to the shaft.
  • the end cap 3OA and shaft 64 may differ in resiliency or stiffness such that a friction or snap fit may be possible.
  • the end cap and shaft are designed with tolerances that may allow a feature 38, such as a ridge or groove on, for instance, the inside of the end cap 3OA to engage with or interfere with a complementary feature 48 on, for instance, the outside of the end of the shaft 64. Using sufficient force, the end cap and shaft may forced together to be assembled, and the dielock condition created between the features 38, 48 may prevent easy disassembly.
  • either of the features may be coated with an adhesive to ensure a more permanent bond between shaft and end cap.
  • the end cap 3OA and shaft 64, or the central portion 2OA may also be assembled by molding one of the components against the other component (insert molding).
  • the shaft 64 may be formed by one of the known melt processes for plastic materials, followed by placing the end of the shaft, or central portion, into an injection mold (or other plastics processing mold) and forming the end caps against the end of the shaft or central portion. In this fashion, the shaft or central portion and end cap may be melt bonded together.
  • a higher shrinkage resin may be used for the end cap such that upon cooling after molding, a shrink fit is obtained over the end of the shaft.
  • features in the end of the shaft such as undercuts, hooks, grooves or even holes may assist in such attachment.
  • end cap and shaft, or central portion may be attached by welding processes wherein one or both of the components may be heated, spun, vibrated, etc. to provide a melt bonding together.
  • welding processes may include, but are not limited to, hot plate welding, hot gas welding, vibration welding, ultrasonic welding, electromagnetic-induction welding, electron beam welding, laser welding, infrared welding, microwave welding, and radio- frequency welding.
  • One particular type of welding amenable to the present invention due the round shape of the shaft, or central portion, and end caps is spin welding wherein one of the components, shaft or end cap, may be rotated at a high speed against the other component until one of the surfaces in contact melts, whereupon cooling, the surfaces adhere.
  • any combination of the aforementioned attachment methods may be used to attach the end caps to the shaft or central portion.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)
PCT/US2008/079386 2007-10-10 2008-10-09 Pet chew including compressible central portion Ceased WO2009049073A1 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN200880111438XA CN101820747B (zh) 2007-10-10 2008-10-09 包括可压缩的中央部的宠物嚼咬物
AU2008310834A AU2008310834B2 (en) 2007-10-10 2008-10-09 Pet chew including compressible central portion
CA2701898A CA2701898C (en) 2007-10-10 2008-10-09 Pet chew including compressible central portion
EP08836884.0A EP2203043B1 (en) 2007-10-10 2008-10-09 Pet chew including compressible central portion
ES08836884T ES2754556T3 (es) 2007-10-10 2008-10-09 Artículo de masticación para animales domésticos de compañía que incluye una porción central comprimible
JP2010529050A JP5683269B2 (ja) 2007-10-10 2008-10-09 圧縮可能な中央部分を含むペット用噛み具

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/870,037 US7810455B2 (en) 2007-10-10 2007-10-10 Pet chew including compressible central portion
US11/870,037 2007-10-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009049073A1 true WO2009049073A1 (en) 2009-04-16

Family

ID=40532955

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2008/079386 Ceased WO2009049073A1 (en) 2007-10-10 2008-10-09 Pet chew including compressible central portion

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US7810455B2 (enExample)
EP (1) EP2203043B1 (enExample)
JP (1) JP5683269B2 (enExample)
CN (1) CN101820747B (enExample)
AU (1) AU2008310834B2 (enExample)
CA (1) CA2701898C (enExample)
ES (1) ES2754556T3 (enExample)
WO (1) WO2009049073A1 (enExample)

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JP5683269B2 (ja) 2015-03-11
US7810455B2 (en) 2010-10-12
CN101820747B (zh) 2012-07-25
CA2701898A1 (en) 2009-04-16
AU2008310834A1 (en) 2009-04-16
EP2203043B1 (en) 2019-09-18
EP2203043A1 (en) 2010-07-07
JP2011500030A (ja) 2011-01-06
EP2203043A4 (en) 2015-10-21
CN101820747A (zh) 2010-09-01
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CA2701898C (en) 2015-12-08
US20090095231A1 (en) 2009-04-16

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