WO2009043366A1 - Apparatus for producing yarns composed of a plurality of compenents made of plastics - Google Patents
Apparatus for producing yarns composed of a plurality of compenents made of plastics Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009043366A1 WO2009043366A1 PCT/EP2007/008669 EP2007008669W WO2009043366A1 WO 2009043366 A1 WO2009043366 A1 WO 2009043366A1 EP 2007008669 W EP2007008669 W EP 2007008669W WO 2009043366 A1 WO2009043366 A1 WO 2009043366A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- paths
- polymers
- mixture
- die
- outlet
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
- D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
- D01D5/34—Core-skin structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus for producing yarns composed of a plurality of components made of plastics.
- yarns are already commercially available which are constituted by two or more components made of plastics, with a preset ratio between the components, which are commonly known as "sheath core” components and generally speaking have in the inside a polymer which is completely sheathed by another polymer.
- US Patent 6626657 Bl and EPA 00111945.2 disclose a solution in which two polymers arrive in the selected quantities at the inlet of the holes because the differences in pressure between the inlet to the die holder assembly and each hole are identical for each polymer.
- a common element which characterizes all the solutions of the background art consists in that each polymer has its own specific inlet into the die holder assembly.
- the aim of the invention is to provide an apparatus in which it is possible to introduce the components without keeping them separate and to make them flow more or less intimately mixed to the inlets of the die holder assemblies, where the mixture of the components enters, obviously being mixed in the selected percentages introduced in the mixer.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for producing yarns composed of a plurality of components made of plastics which can be obtained easily starting from commonly commercially available elements and materials and is further competitive from a merely economical standpoint.
- an apparatus for producing yarns composed of a plurality of components made of plastics characterized in that it comprises an assembly for mixing at least two polymers in the melted state which are mutually incompatible and which have a different viscosity at the same temperature, a distribution demixer being arranged downstream of said mixing assembly and defining paths for the mixture which are adapted to arrange the less viscous polymer in contact with the walls which delimit said paths and the more viscous polymers inside, said paths leading into a die for producing yarns with at least two components with the less viscous polymer on the outside.
- a traditional two-component product is produced by using two extruders, one for each component, which feed two pump assemblies, which in turn feed the die holder assemblies, while with the present invention a single extruder which acts as a mixer is sufficient; the two polymers are introduced in such extruder and are melted and propelled into a single pump assembly, which mixes further the components which will feed the die holder assemblies, with an evident saving of elements and materials with respect to a traditional production line.
- a preferred but not exclusive embodiment of an apparatus for producing yarns composed of a plurality of components made of plastics illustrated by way of non-limiting example in the accompanying drawings, wherein:
- Figure 1 is a schematic sectional perspective view of the distribution demixer assembly connected to the die;
- Figure 2 is a sectional view of the assembly, taken along a diametrical plane. Ways of carrying out the Invention
- the apparatus for producing yarns composed of a plurality of components made of plastics comprises a mixing assembly, not shown specifically in the drawings, which is designed to mutually mix at least two polymers in the melted state which must have the characteristic of being mutually chemically incompatible and of having a different viscosity at the same temperature, substantially, the term "incompatible" being intended to mean that the two polymers do not combine and not react with each other.
- the mixer can be of any per se known type and accordingly is not described in detail.
- the peculiarity of the invention resides in that it comprises, downstream of the mixing assembly, a die holder assembly, generally designated by the reference numeral 1, which has a distribution demixer 2 which is designed to define a plurality of paths for the mixture, so that the less viscous polymer of the mixture is arranged in contact with the walls that delimit the paths, while the more viscous polymers are arranged in the inside.
- the distribution demixer assembly is accommodated within a containment body 3, which advantageously but not necessarily has an upper lid 4 with a hole 5 in a central position, where the mixture of melted polymers is introduced.
- the distribution demixer is constituted by a block 10, which defines internally paths 15 which preferably are frustum-shaped with a base diameter, directed toward the die 20 connected to the container body 3, which is advantageously slightly larger than the inlet diameter of the path
- the various frustums which are preferably arranged concentrically with respect to each other, are located at rings of holes 21 of the die 20 which can be arranged so to have a row of holes at each outlet of the paths 15 or optionally two rows of mutually side-by-side holes at each of the walls that delimit the frustum-shaped paths.
- the peculiarity of the invention consists in that the mixture, by entering the series of annular rings which constitute in practice the upper inlets of the several paths, flows in the space between the walls of the two preferably metallic cones which define such paths, until it arrives at the outlet of the several paths, such outlet being arranged at the height of the die.
- the paths can also have portions having a circular cross-section along the longitudinal extension of the flow of mixture.
- the particular structure of the paths causes the initial components to tend to separate and in particular the less viscous polymer remains in contact with the walls, while the polymer or polymers having a higher viscosity are arranged inside.
- the mixture arranges itself in the form of a film, and more specifically two films with the less viscous polymer arranged in contact with the walls and a film constituted by the more viscous polymer arranged inside.
- a mesh which has a filtering function and is designated by the reference numeral 30 is arranged at the outlets of the paths, before entering the die.
- the arrangement is such that the ports H at the outlet of the several paths and the length of said path, where the mixture is made to slide, are defined by following the laws of rheology, so that for flow-rates which are proportional to the number of holes to be fed, the load loss along all the conical spaces is substantially identical.
- n is the number of conical spaces delimited by the walls of the metallic cones, in which the melted material that has entered the distribution demixer flows;
- Ki is the resistance to flow opposed by the walls of the cone "i”, which define the space within which the mixture of the polymers flows, i.e., the braking action affecting the melted material as it flows;
- ⁇ P is the difference in pressure between the inlet and the outlet of all the “n” conical spaces within which the melted material flows.
- Qi is the quantity of fluid having a viscosity "I")*" which passes through the conical path or duct.
- Qi is proportional to the number of holes "m", in order to have the same flow-rate for all the holes of the die: where "q” is the flow-rate of all the holes of the die and "m” is the number of holes which are fed by the flow-rate Qi.
- the quantities Q 1 nij q of mixture flow between the walls to exit from each flow cone with the shape of a tubular film whose thickness is equal to "H” and with inside and outside diameters which are equal to the diameters of the two metal walls.
- the quantities "Qi" are slowed by friction against the walls, so that as a consequence of the differences in viscosity between the two or more polymers such two or more polymers separate and, at the outlet of the distribution demixer, are separated so that the film exits from each cone with the two or more polymers arranged in layers and more precisely with the more viscous polymer at the center and the less viscous polymer in the peripheral region, i.e., in contact with the walls, and with a quantitative ratio among the components which is identical to the ratio of the mixture that entered the cone.
- the formed films at the outlet of the several paths, feed the holes arranged at the outlet of each path and are then divided into a number of identical portions which matches the number of holes.
- the melted material which of course follows the laws of rheology, when it exits from the holes, once again has the ratio among the components which is equal to the ratio of the mixture that entered the cone, but the arrangement of the components within the yarn that exits from the individual holes is of the sheath-core type, with the more viscous polymer at the center and the less viscous polymer toward the peripheral region.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
An apparatus for producing yarns composed of a plurality of components made of plastics, comprising an assembly for mixing at least two polymers in the melted state which are mutually incompatible and have different viscosities at the same temperature, a distribution demixer (2) being arranged downstream of the mixing assembly and defining paths (15) for the mixture which are adapted to arrange the less viscous polymer in contact with the walls which delimit the paths and the more viscous polymers inside, the paths (15) leading to a die (20) for producing sheath-core yarns with at least two components, with the less viscous polymer on the outside.
Description
APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING YARNS COMPOSED OF A PLURALITY OF COMPONENTS MADE OF PLASTICS Technical Field
The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing yarns composed of a plurality of components made of plastics. Background Art
As is known, yarns are already commercially available which are constituted by two or more components made of plastics, with a preset ratio between the components, which are commonly known as "sheath core" components and generally speaking have in the inside a polymer which is completely sheathed by another polymer.
The production of this type of yarns uses die holder assemblies which are constituted in such a manner that two polymers enter the die holder assembly separately and pass through an unspecified number of plates until they arrive separately at the die, where they enter the holes in the selected quantities.
To achieve the result and to ensure that the same quantity of each component arrives at each hole, current solutions use paths, for each component, which have the same length and cross-section, so as to be certain that the quantitative ratios remain identical for each yarn.
US Patent 6626657 Bl and EPA 00111945.2 disclose a solution in which two polymers arrive in the selected quantities at the inlet of the holes because the differences in pressure between the inlet to the die holder assembly and each hole are identical for each polymer. A common element which characterizes all the solutions of the background art consists in that each polymer has its own specific inlet into the die holder assembly.
Therefore, all these known solutions need to make the two or more components enter the spinning assembly separately. Disclosure of the Invention
The aim of the invention is to provide an apparatus in which it is possible to introduce the components without keeping them separate and to make them flow more or less intimately mixed to the inlets of the die holder assemblies, where the mixture of the components enters, obviously being mixed in the selected percentages introduced in the mixer.
An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for producing yarns composed of a plurality of components made of plastics which can be obtained easily starting from commonly commercially available elements and materials and is further competitive from a merely economical standpoint.
This aim and this and other objects which will become better apparent hereinafter are achieved by an apparatus for producing yarns composed of a plurality of components made of plastics, characterized in that it comprises an assembly for mixing at least two polymers in the melted state which are mutually incompatible and which have a different viscosity at the same temperature, a distribution demixer being arranged downstream of said mixing assembly and defining paths for the mixture which are adapted to arrange the less viscous polymer in contact with the walls which delimit said paths and the more viscous polymers inside, said paths leading into a die for producing yarns with at least two components with the less viscous polymer on the outside.
For example, a traditional two-component product is produced by using two extruders, one for each component, which feed two pump assemblies, which in turn feed the die holder assemblies, while with the present invention a single extruder which acts as a mixer is sufficient; the two polymers are introduced in such extruder and are melted and propelled into a single pump assembly, which mixes further the components which will feed the die holder assemblies, with an evident saving of elements and materials with respect to a traditional production line. Brief Description of the Drawings
Further characteristics and advantages of the present invention will become better apparent from the description of a preferred but not exclusive embodiment of an apparatus for producing yarns composed of a plurality of components made of plastics, illustrated by way of non-limiting example in the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Figure 1 is a schematic sectional perspective view of the distribution demixer assembly connected to the die;
Figure 2 is a sectional view of the assembly, taken along a diametrical plane. Ways of carrying out the Invention
With reference to the figures, the apparatus for producing yarns composed of a plurality of components made of plastics, according to the invention, comprises a mixing assembly, not shown specifically in the drawings, which is designed to mutually mix at least two polymers in the melted state which must have the characteristic of being mutually chemically incompatible and of having a different viscosity at the same temperature, substantially, the term "incompatible" being intended to mean that the two polymers do not combine and not react with each other.
The mixer can be of any per se known type and accordingly is not described in detail.
The peculiarity of the invention resides in that it comprises, downstream of the mixing assembly, a die holder assembly, generally designated by the reference numeral 1, which has a distribution demixer 2 which is designed to define a plurality of paths for the mixture, so that the less viscous polymer of the mixture is arranged in contact with the walls that delimit the paths, while the more viscous polymers are arranged in the inside.
According to a preferred but non-limiting embodiment of such paths, the distribution demixer assembly is accommodated within a containment body 3, which advantageously but not necessarily has an upper lid 4 with a
hole 5 in a central position, where the mixture of melted polymers is introduced.
The distribution demixer is constituted by a block 10, which defines internally paths 15 which preferably are frustum-shaped with a base diameter, directed toward the die 20 connected to the container body 3, which is advantageously slightly larger than the inlet diameter of the path
15.
At the outlet, the various frustums, which are preferably arranged concentrically with respect to each other, are located at rings of holes 21 of the die 20 which can be arranged so to have a row of holes at each outlet of the paths 15 or optionally two rows of mutually side-by-side holes at each of the walls that delimit the frustum-shaped paths.
The peculiarity of the invention consists in that the mixture, by entering the series of annular rings which constitute in practice the upper inlets of the several paths, flows in the space between the walls of the two preferably metallic cones which define such paths, until it arrives at the outlet of the several paths, such outlet being arranged at the height of the die.
The paths can also have portions having a circular cross-section along the longitudinal extension of the flow of mixture.
The particular structure of the paths causes the initial components to tend to separate and in particular the less viscous polymer remains in contact with the walls, while the polymer or polymers having a higher viscosity are arranged inside. Considering the specific example of two distinct polymers, at the outlet of the paths the mixture arranges itself in the form of a film, and more specifically two films with the less viscous polymer arranged in contact with the walls and a film constituted by the more viscous polymer arranged inside. Advantageously but not necessarily, a mesh which has a filtering
function and is designated by the reference numeral 30 is arranged at the outlets of the paths, before entering the die.
The arrangement is such that the ports H at the outlet of the several paths and the length of said path, where the mixture is made to slide, are defined by following the laws of rheology, so that for flow-rates which are proportional to the number of holes to be fed, the load loss along all the conical spaces is substantially identical.
Rheology, i.e., the science which also studies the flow of melted polymers, establishes that polymers follow Poiseuille's law: ΔP = Ki « ηi - Qi for i = (l ... n) where:
"n" is the number of conical spaces delimited by the walls of the metallic cones, in which the melted material that has entered the distribution demixer flows; "Ki" is the resistance to flow opposed by the walls of the cone "i", which define the space within which the mixture of the polymers flows, i.e., the braking action affecting the melted material as it flows;
"ΔP" is the difference in pressure between the inlet and the outlet of all the "n" conical spaces within which the melted material flows. "ΔP" is identical for all the "n" paths when K is calculated to have this result, using the rheological curve τ ~γ of the mixture and the formulas that correlate the shear speeds Y; to the flow-rate and the shear stress "τ " to the pressure (Yi = 6Qi/πHi and ΔP = 2ii L/Hi).
"Qi" is the quantity of fluid having a viscosity "I")*" which passes through the conical path or duct. Of course, "Qi" is proportional to the number of holes "m", in order to have the same flow-rate for all the holes of the die:
where "q" is the flow-rate of all the holes of the die and "m" is the number of holes which are fed by the flow-rate Qi.
During passage through the distribution demixer, the quantities Q1 = nij q of mixture flow between the walls to exit from each flow cone with the shape of a tubular film whose thickness is equal to "H" and with inside and outside diameters which are equal to the diameters of the two metal walls. During flow within the flow cone, the quantities "Qi" are slowed by friction against the walls, so that as a consequence of the differences in viscosity between the two or more polymers such two or more polymers separate and, at the outlet of the distribution demixer, are separated so that the film exits from each cone with the two or more polymers arranged in layers and more precisely with the more viscous polymer at the center and the less viscous polymer in the peripheral region, i.e., in contact with the walls, and with a quantitative ratio among the components which is identical to the ratio of the mixture that entered the cone.
The formed films, at the outlet of the several paths, feed the holes arranged at the outlet of each path and are then divided into a number of identical portions which matches the number of holes.
The melted material, which of course follows the laws of rheology, when it exits from the holes, once again has the ratio among the components which is equal to the ratio of the mixture that entered the cone, but the arrangement of the components within the yarn that exits from the individual holes is of the sheath-core type, with the more viscous polymer at the center and the less viscous polymer toward the peripheral region.
From what has been described above it is therefore evident that the invention achieves the intended aim and objects, and in particular the fact is stressed that a new type of method is provided which radically changes the traditional criteria, which always tend to convey the two components separately from each other up to the die, whereas in the specific case the components are even premixed for being introduced in the die by means of a demixer assembly which substantially, by using the different viscosity of the components and their chemical incompatibility, allows to separate them so
as to lead to the provision of a sheath-core yarn in which the two or more specific components are combined.
The invention thus conceived is susceptible of numerous modifications and variations, all of which are within the scope of the appended claims.
All the details may further be replaced with other technically equivalent elements.
In practice, the materials used, as well as the contingent shapes and dimensions, may be any according to requirements. Where technical features mentioned in any claim are followed by reference signs, those reference signs have been included for the sole purpose of increasing the intelligibility of the claims and accordingly such reference signs do not have any limiting effect on the interpretation of each element identified by way of example by such reference signs.
Claims
1. An apparatus for producing yarns composed of a plurality of components made of plastics, characterized in that it comprises an assembly for mixing at least two polymers in the melted state which are mutually incompatible and which have different viscosities at the same temperature, a distribution demixer being arranged downstream of said mixing assembly and defining paths for the mixture which are adapted to arrange the less viscous polymer in contact with the walls which delimit said paths and the more viscous polymers inside, said paths leading into a die for producing yarns with at least two components with the less viscous polymer on the outside.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that said distribution demixer is accommodated within a containment body which has, at one end, a lid with a hole for introducing the mixture of melted polymers and, at the other end, a die.
3. The apparatus according to the preceding claims, characterized in that said paths are delimited by mutually opposite walls.
4. The apparatus according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said paths form a closed shape in transverse cross- section.
5. The apparatus according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said paths, in transverse cross-section, have an annular shape.
6. The apparatus according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said paths which have an annular transverse cross- section are concentric.
7. The apparatus according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said paths are frustum-shaped.
8. The apparatus according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said paths have, at least in a portion of their extension in the direction of advancement of the mixture of melted product, portions which have a circular cross-section.
9. The apparatus according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said paths have a diameter, at the inlet ends, which is smaller than the outlet diameter at said die.
10. The apparatus according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said die defines rings of holes which are arranged so as to have at least one ring of holes at the outlet ends of each of said paths.
11. The apparatus according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said die defines, at each outlet end of said paths, two rings of holes, which are arranged respectively at the wall which delimits each of said paths.
12. The apparatus according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said mixture in said frustum-shaped paths has, at the outlet from the corresponding path, a film-shaped configuration, in which the less viscous polymer is arranged at the faces directed toward the corresponding wall and the more viscous polymer in the inside.
13. The apparatus according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a mesh which is interposed between the outlet of said paths and said die.
14. A method for obtaining yarns composed of a plurality of components made of plastics, characterized in that it consists in mixing two polymers in the melted state which are chemically incompatible and have a different viscosity at the same temperature, in introducing the mixture in paths which are delimited by walls which separate the polymers of the mixture so that the less dense polymer is in contact with the walls, in positioning at the outlet of said paths a die with holes arranged at the outlet of said paths to obtain yarns which have the less dense polymer on the outside and the more viscous polymer or polymers in the inside.
15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that the percentage of the polymers in the resulting yarns corresponds to the percentage of the polymers in the provided mixture.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2007/008669 WO2009043366A1 (en) | 2007-10-05 | 2007-10-05 | Apparatus for producing yarns composed of a plurality of compenents made of plastics |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2007/008669 WO2009043366A1 (en) | 2007-10-05 | 2007-10-05 | Apparatus for producing yarns composed of a plurality of compenents made of plastics |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2009043366A1 true WO2009043366A1 (en) | 2009-04-09 |
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ID=39577832
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2007/008669 WO2009043366A1 (en) | 2007-10-05 | 2007-10-05 | Apparatus for producing yarns composed of a plurality of compenents made of plastics |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| WO (1) | WO2009043366A1 (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3726955A (en) * | 1971-01-11 | 1973-04-10 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Process for producing filaments and yarns of blended incompatible polymers |
| EP0714918A2 (en) * | 1994-11-08 | 1996-06-05 | Basf Corporation | Method of separating polymers from mixtures thereof |
| WO1998009008A1 (en) * | 1996-08-30 | 1998-03-05 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Single extruder multiportion fiber |
| US5872205A (en) * | 1995-08-30 | 1999-02-16 | Balke; Stephen Thomas | Polymer segregation process |
-
2007
- 2007-10-05 WO PCT/EP2007/008669 patent/WO2009043366A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3726955A (en) * | 1971-01-11 | 1973-04-10 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Process for producing filaments and yarns of blended incompatible polymers |
| EP0714918A2 (en) * | 1994-11-08 | 1996-06-05 | Basf Corporation | Method of separating polymers from mixtures thereof |
| US5872205A (en) * | 1995-08-30 | 1999-02-16 | Balke; Stephen Thomas | Polymer segregation process |
| WO1998009008A1 (en) * | 1996-08-30 | 1998-03-05 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Single extruder multiportion fiber |
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