WO2009043252A1 - Procédé et dispositif de téléchargement multisource de fichier audiovisuel - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de téléchargement multisource de fichier audiovisuel Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009043252A1
WO2009043252A1 PCT/CN2008/072180 CN2008072180W WO2009043252A1 WO 2009043252 A1 WO2009043252 A1 WO 2009043252A1 CN 2008072180 W CN2008072180 W CN 2008072180W WO 2009043252 A1 WO2009043252 A1 WO 2009043252A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
file
source
media data
video file
video
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2008/072180
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Peng Hu
Xiangxin Yu
Jiancheng Li
Liehua Lan
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Tencent Technology (Shenzhen) Company Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tencent Technology (Shenzhen) Company Limited filed Critical Tencent Technology (Shenzhen) Company Limited
Publication of WO2009043252A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009043252A1/fr

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00Television systems
    • H04N7/16Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
    • H04N7/173Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems with two-way working, e.g. subscriber sending a programme selection signal
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01Protocols
    • H04L67/10Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/104Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01Protocols
    • H04L67/10Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/104Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
    • H04L67/1061Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks using node-based peer discovery mechanisms
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/47End-user applications
    • H04N21/478Supplemental services, e.g. displaying phone caller identification, shopping application
    • H04N21/4788Supplemental services, e.g. displaying phone caller identification, shopping application communicating with other users, e.g. chatting

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a network file downloading technology, and more particularly to a multi-source downloading method and apparatus for a video and audio file in a peer-to-peer (P2P, Peer to Peer) environment.
  • P2P peer-to-peer
  • Multimedia data such as audio and video, video and audio files
  • P2P multi-source download technology
  • P2P client/server
  • Peer to Server and Peer multi-source download technology
  • the so-called multi-source download refers to a file download method in which a target file is simultaneously downloaded from multiple file sources in the network.
  • the existing multi-source downloading technology uses a hash algorithm such as the Message-Digest Algorithm 5 (MD5) and the Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA) to calculate the entire file content to obtain a fixed-length digital abstract. Information, and based on the similarities and differences of digital summary information to determine the similarities and differences of documents.
  • MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm 5
  • SHA Secure Hash Algorithm
  • the file sharing system is the most mainstream application of P2P technology.
  • the file downloading of the existing file sharing system mainly includes the following steps: searching and obtaining multiple file sources according to centralized or distributed indexes; simultaneously downloading required files from multiple file sources Target file.
  • the P2SP download mode is actually a further extension of the P2P technology. It not only supports the P2P technology, but also integrates the isolated and stable server resources and P2P resources through a centralized retrieval database. In this way, the download client can not only download in parallel from other clients according to the specific protocol of P2P. Files, and can also download files in parallel from an open and stable server according to protocols such as Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), File Transfer Protocol (FTP), etc., with more resources and faster download speed. , and the stability is stronger.
  • HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol
  • FTP File Transfer Protocol
  • the method for judging whether the contents of the file are the same in the existing P2P/P2SP system is as follows: If the file A on the device 1 is the same as the file B digest information on the device 2, and the attribute information such as the file length is the same, the system considers the two files to be the same. The content is the same. Therefore, when the client requests to download file A, the system not only returns the network information of device 1, but also returns the network information of device 2, so that the client can download from multiple file sources.
  • the device that participates in the judgment in the system is the tracking server. When the client is online and publishes the share, the basic information such as the digital summary information and attribute information of the file is reported to the tracking server for judgment.
  • Audio and video files are used very frequently in current network downloads, and the amount of data is large, and their own data formats are different from other files. Specifically, there are audio and video files with the same audio and video encoded data and different tag attributes. However, the existing download method does not pay attention to the special format of the audio and video files, which wastes network resources and meets the requirements of the client download speed. Summary of the invention
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a multi-source downloading method for video files, so as to increase the number of file sources and expand the file source set.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a multi-source downloading device for audio and video files to increase the number of file sources of the video files.
  • a multi-source download method for audio and video files comprising: And obtaining a video file having a digital digest of the media data portion according to a digital digest search database of a media data portion of the target video file requested by the client;
  • a file source capable of providing a video file having a digital digest of the media data portion, and feeding back file source information in the first set to the client;
  • the client downloads the media data portion of the target video file from the file source in the first set according to the received file source information.
  • a multi-source downloading device for audio and video files comprising:
  • a searching module configured to search a database according to a digital digest of the media data portion of the target video file requested by the client, to obtain a video file having a digital digest of the media data portion;
  • a screening module configured to form a first set of file sources in the database capable of providing a video file having a digital summary of the media data portion, and send the file source information in the first set to the download module;
  • a downloading module configured to download the media data portion of the target video file from the file source in the first set according to the received file source information.
  • the media data portion of the video file is indexed according to the same media data portion of the video file, but the non-media data portion is not necessarily the same, so that the media data portion and the non-media data portion are completely identical.
  • the same audio and video files can be downloaded, and the video files with the same media data and non-media data portions are added as the download source, thereby increasing the number of download sources of the video files and improving the download speed of the client.
  • 1 is a schematic diagram of a format of a video file of the prior art
  • 2 is a structural diagram of a prior art P2P system
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart showing an implementation of a multi-source download method for a video file according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of downloading a target video and audio file according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a multi-source download device for a video file according to an embodiment of the present invention. Mode for carrying out the invention
  • the embodiment of the present invention is directed to a P2P/P2SP system.
  • the search object When maintaining and retrieving a file source of a video file, the search object includes not only the same audio and video file but also a video file with the same media content and different tag attributes.
  • most video files include file headers, media data frames, and file trailers.
  • the media data frame occupies most of the audio and video files, and is the media data portion of the audio and video files;
  • the summary of the file header and the file end record file is the non-media data portion of the video file, that is, the label of the video file, correspondingly,
  • the information contained in the file header and the end of the file is called the attribute of the tag.
  • some audio and video files have no file headers, and some audio and video files have no file ends.
  • most audio and video files are divided into non-media data portions of the media data portion and the recorded audio file summary.
  • the media data part records the specific content of the audio and video file, such as the audio, video and other information of the song; the non-media data part contains the information related to the audio and video file, that is, the size, author, content summary, version, block, etc. of the entire audio and video file. Etc., when the video file is in the process of uploading or downloading, relying on the information related to the video file can determine whether the content of the video file meets the user's needs.
  • the content of the video file is divided into three parts, in order of
  • the file header part includes the version 2 tag TAG_V2, also known as ID3V2;
  • the media data frame part is the audio frame (frame);
  • the file end is the version 1 tag TAG_V1, which is also called ID3V1.
  • ID3V2 contains information such as author, composition, album, etc., the length is not fixed, and the amount of information of ID3V1 is expanded;
  • ID3V1 contains information such as author, composition, album, etc., and the length is 128 bytes.
  • the MP3 file is a series of frames.
  • the number of frames is determined by the file size and frame length.
  • the length of each frame can be fixed or fixed, and is determined by the bit rate.
  • Each frame is divided into two parts: a frame header and a data entity.
  • the frame header records information such as the bit rate, sampling rate, and version of the MP3, and the data entity is the encoded audio data, and each frame is independent of each other.
  • WMA Windows Media Audio
  • WMV Media Video Format
  • ASF Advanced Stream Format
  • the P2P/P2SP system indexes the media data portion of the audio and video file, that is, when collecting or distributing the video file, Perform a regular digital digest operation on the complete audio and video file containing the media data portion and the non-media data portion to generate a digital digest of the complete audio and video file, and perform a digital digest operation on the media data portion of the audio and video file to generate a media data portion.
  • the digital summary, together with the length of the video file, and the offset information in the video file, is reported to the server or client responsible for the query.
  • the P2P/P2SP file downloading system may establish an index table based only on the digital summary of the media data portion of the video file.
  • the index table can be used to assist in matching the length of the media data, so as to quickly obtain the same set of video files.
  • Figure 2 is a typical P2P file sharing network.
  • the tracking server is connected to the database and multiple clients through the network. Each client can be connected through a network for sharing or downloading files.
  • the tracking server is mainly responsible for real-time tracking of file download status, responding to client file download requests and file report requests, etc.
  • the tracking server is also connected to a database, which is used for maintenance. , save, and share basic information about files.
  • the multi-source download process of the audio-visual file includes the following steps:
  • Step 301 Obtain a video file download request submitted by the client, where the download request includes a digital digest HI of the media data portion of the video file and a digital digest H2 of the complete video file.
  • the client 1 and the client 2 are clients that provide video and audio file downloading, that is, the file source, and the client 3 is a client that issues a video file download request.
  • Client 1 shares the audio and video file reality.mp3, and client 1 first calculates the digital summary of the complete audio and video file, set to 12345678, and the digital summary of the media data part, set to abcdefl2, and attach the length, offset, client 1 Information such as the network is reported to the tracking server in the P2P system.
  • client 2 also shares a similar audio and video file, reality_france.mp3, whose digital summary of the full video file is 11111111, and the digital digest of the media data portion is abcdefl2.
  • the shared video file can be a full video file or a partial video file.
  • a client can only download a part of the video file from a server or a client, but as long as the information related to the video file can be obtained, The file source provides this part of the audio and video files.
  • the client 3 submits a download request for the video file to the tracking server: part of the media data
  • the digital digest H2 of the digital abstract HI is abcdefl2 and the full video file is 11111111.
  • Step 302 The tracking server retrieves, in the database, the available video files of the digital data portion of the media data portion as HI, and composes the available video files into a set S1.
  • the tracking server adds client 1, client 2 shared entries in the database, including the names of shared clients 1 and 2, the network addresses of clients 1 and 2, and the reported summary, file name, file length, and media.
  • Basic information such as data offset, and indexing the digital digest a bcdefl2 of the media data portion thereof for easy searching.
  • the download request includes the complete video file of the target video file.
  • Digital summary 11111111 and digital data summary a bcdefl2 and other information in the media data section.
  • the tracking server first retrieves the available video files having the digital digest of the media data portion according to abcdefl2, and composes the file source of the audio and video files into a set S1.
  • the set S1 includes the client 1 and the client. End 2, then proceeds to step 303.
  • Step 303 retrieve the digital summary of the complete audio and video file in the set S1 as the video file of the H2, and form the file source set S2 of the audio and video files.
  • the second screening is performed according to the digital summary 11111111 of the complete audio and video file, and the subset S2 of the set S1 is obtained.
  • the client 1 is no longer included in the S2, but the client 2 is included, so that the file of the target video file can be downloaded.
  • the source is divided into two sets: a set S1 including client 1 and client 2; only a set S2 of client 2 is included.
  • Step 304 The client that issues the video file download request downloads the target video file according to the feedback file source information.
  • the client 3 downloads the target video file according to the received source information of the set S1 and S2, and the specific process is as shown in FIG. 4:
  • Step 401 The client 3 receives the set S1 and S2 of the tracking server feedback.
  • Step 402 The client 3 downloads the media data part D and the non-media data part N from the file source in the S1 and S2, respectively.
  • the step includes two parallel steps of step 402a and step 402b.
  • Step 402a The client 3 downloads the media data portion D of the target video file in parallel from the SI, that is, from the client 1 and the client 2.
  • the client 3 can also select only one of the client 1 and the client 2 to download the media data portion D of the target video file.
  • Step 402b The client 3 downloads the non-media data portion N of the target video file from the S2, that is, from the client 2, including the target video file header and the file end.
  • Step 403 The client 3 merges the downloaded D and N into a target video file.
  • the client that initiated the request may also download the media data portion only from the set S1, so that the playback of the video file is not affected.
  • the download request submitted by the client that initiates the video file download request may include only the digital digest of the media data portion of the target video file, and other processes related to the digital digest of the full video file may be omitted.
  • file source information should also include the actual available data fragments for that data source.
  • the video file in the process of downloading the video file and after the downloading, according to the convention of the P2P file sharing system, the video file is set to the shared state, and the digital summary of the complete audio and video file of the video file is Offset, additional information, media data department
  • the relevant information such as the digital summary of the notification is notified to the tracking server.
  • a multi-source downloading device for video and audio files is shown in FIG. 5.
  • the device includes: a searching module, searching for a video file of a digital summary of a media data portion of a target video file from a database, the integrity of the audio and video files
  • the digital summary of the audio and video files may or may not be the same as the digital summary of the complete audio and video files of the target audio and video files. Therefore, these audio and video files can be regarded as files similar to the target audio and video files, and files that can be found to provide these audio and video files can be found.
  • the source information is sent to the screening module; the screening module is configured to form the first set of the file sources, and the video file provided by the file source in the first set has the same media data portion as the target video file, and then from the first set. Searching for the audio and video files of the digital summary of the complete audio and video files of the target video file, forming a second set of file sources providing the audio and video files, and the video files provided by the file source in the second set have the same same as the target video file.
  • the media data section also has The same non-media data portion sends the file source information of the two sets to the download module; the download module is configured to download the media data portion of the target video file in parallel from the received first set, and download in parallel from the second set
  • the non-media data part of course, the download module may also select only one or several file sources in the first set to download the media data part, select one or several file sources in the second set to download the non-media data part;
  • the media data portion and the non-media data portion downloaded by the download module
  • the search module When the client queries, the search module first queries according to the digital summary of the media data portion of the target video file, and obtains a plurality of available video file objects, ie, file sources, which can provide the same media data portion, to form a set A; then, the screening module pair Each video file provided by the file source in the set A continues to be filtered according to the digital summary of the complete audio and video file of the target video file, and the obtained file set B, the file source in the set B can provide the target image
  • the audio file is the same audio file, and the file source in the collection A can only provide the same audio and video file as the media data portion of the target audio file.
  • the system feeds back the file source information in the two sets to the client, which includes not only network information, but also media data length and offset information.
  • File source information that provides the exact same file as the target movie file
  • File source information that provides the same file as the media data portion of the target movie file.
  • the download module concurrently downloads the target video file based on the received file source information.
  • the download strategy of the client can be flexibly customized, for example: The download of the media data part is independent of the download of the non-media data part, and the concurrent download strategy is adopted, that is, the media data part is downloaded from all file sources at the same time, and only the same can be provided.
  • the file source of the audio and video file downloads the non-media data part such as the header and the tail of the file; or, when the media data part or the non-media data part of the video file is scarce, the time-sharing downloading strategy is adopted, that is, the scarce part is preferentially downloaded, The rest is downloaded later, etc.
  • the merge module merges the media data portion and the non-media data portion into the target video file.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Information Transfer Between Computers (AREA)
  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé de téléchargement multisource de fichier audiovisuel, qui comprend les étapes suivantes: - localisation dans une base de données, selon un abrégé numérique de données multimédia, d'un fichier audiovisuel cible recherché par un client pour récupérer ce fichier y compris l'abrégé cité; combinaison des sources de fichier qui sont disponibles pour fournir ledit fichier dans un premier ensemble, et transmission de l'information de source de fichier dans ce premier ensemble au client; - téléchargement par le client des données multimédia du fichier en question depuis le premier ensemble considéré, selon l'information source de fichier reçue. Également, dispositif correspondant à ce procédé. L'avantage inhérent à l'invention est d'augmenter la quantité de sources de fichier pour le fichier audiovisuel cible, ce qui accroît la vitesse de téléchargement de ce fichier et le taux d'utilisation de largeur de bande du système de partage de fichier.
PCT/CN2008/072180 2007-09-20 2008-08-28 Procédé et dispositif de téléchargement multisource de fichier audiovisuel WO2009043252A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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CN200710122058.3 2007-09-20
CN 200710122058 CN101166190B (zh) 2007-09-20 2007-09-20 影音文件的多源下载方法及装置

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CN1816053A (zh) * 2006-03-10 2006-08-09 清华大学 基于会话初始化协议的流媒体直播p2p网络方法
CN101166190A (zh) * 2007-09-20 2008-04-23 腾讯科技(深圳)有限公司 影音文件的多源下载方法及装置

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