WO2009043075A2 - Commutateur de protection contre les courants de défaut - Google Patents

Commutateur de protection contre les courants de défaut Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009043075A2
WO2009043075A2 PCT/AT2008/000356 AT2008000356W WO2009043075A2 WO 2009043075 A2 WO2009043075 A2 WO 2009043075A2 AT 2008000356 W AT2008000356 W AT 2008000356W WO 2009043075 A2 WO2009043075 A2 WO 2009043075A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
switch
current
circuit breaker
contacts
pole
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AT2008/000356
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2009043075A3 (fr
Inventor
Lothar Fickert
Walter Hipp
Ernst Schmautzer
Reinhard Hirtler
Original Assignee
Technische Universität Graz
Forschungsholding Tu Graz Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Technische Universität Graz, Forschungsholding Tu Graz Gmbh filed Critical Technische Universität Graz
Publication of WO2009043075A2 publication Critical patent/WO2009043075A2/fr
Publication of WO2009043075A3 publication Critical patent/WO2009043075A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/26—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents
    • H02H3/32—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors
    • H02H3/33—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors using summation current transformers
    • H02H3/334—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors using summation current transformers with means to produce an artificial unbalance for other protection or monitoring reasons or remote control
    • H02H3/335—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors using summation current transformers with means to produce an artificial unbalance for other protection or monitoring reasons or remote control the main function being self testing of the device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H83/00—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current
    • H01H83/02—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by earth fault currents
    • H01H83/04—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by earth fault currents with testing means for indicating the ability of the switch or relay to function properly

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a residual current circuit breaker with a summation current transformer for lines to be monitored, which are guided over the contacts of a multi-pole, first switch, said switch is held in its closed position by a switch lock, which when exceeding a predetermined current difference in the lines triggers the switch in the sense of opening its contacts, and with a second, designed as a test switch switch, at the closing of a defined, sufficient to trigger the switch fault current is diverted from a conductor, and bridging branches for temporary bridging of the contact paths of the first multi-pole switch.
  • Residual current circuit breakers formerly called RCDs and now EU-wide RCDs, are intended to disconnect a monitored circuit from a feeding circuit if the sum of the monitored currents is of a defined value, e.g. 30 mA, deviates. Such a current difference occurs in particular when current flows through a conductor to ground, which may be the case when a conductor has an insulation fault or a person touches a live conductor.
  • Fig. 1 shows the structure of a 2-pole residual current circuit breaker RCD conventional and widely used type.
  • a power supply circuit has two conductors Ll and N and optionally a protective conductor PE, wherein the voltage is supplied, for example, from the winding WT of a transformer not shown via a two-pole fuse Fl.
  • Essential for the residual current circuit breaker is a component current transformer, which has a ring core RK.
  • the lines to be monitored Ll, N are guided via the contacts of a multi-pole, first switch Sl to a load circuit LK with a possible consumer V, said switch is held in its closed position by a switching mechanism SC.
  • a second switch S2 is provided, which is designed as a test button and the closing of a defined, sufficient to trigger the switch fault current is fed into a conductor, which in accordance with Fig. 1 via a resistor R takes place.
  • This resistance is so great that, when switch S1 is closed, it is connected via the mains voltage, e.g. 240 volts, a corresponding fault current, e.g. 30 mA, generated.
  • DE 4432643 Al shows an embodiment whose circuit has no lock, which prevents the checking (bridging the residual current circuit breaker) in an existing error. Furthermore, an additional (tactile) switch is provided. To test a switch 9 is first closed and shortly thereafter said test button 10, resulting in the opening of the contacts 15 of the main switch, the contact 10 jumps back immediately. The spring-loaded “probe” 25 is and is pressed, whereby the contacts 9 of the third switch are closed. If the test is positive, the first switch with the contacts 15, i. open these. Thereafter, the first switch is manually re-inserted, and the "probe" 25 is pressed a second time, causing it again in the normal position (contacts 9 and 10 open) passes.
  • bridging branches also include the summation current transformer or its core 3.
  • an embodiment according to DE 4432643 A1 has all the deficiencies that have already been described above, wherein, for example, unequal contact resistances and not absolutely synchronized closing operations lead to the fact that the first switch can no longer be inserted after the test procedure.
  • the document EP 1 562 013 A1 describes a residual current circuit breaker which, on the one hand, as known in the art, e.g. Fig. 1 of this application, can be operated, or on the other hand can be brought by flipping a switch 25 in a mode in which timed tests run automatically. If an activation signal is given in the automatic sequence, 10 contacts 13, 14 and 12 are closed by a separate drive, the contacts 13 and 14 bridging contacts for the main switch. In this state, a diagnostic stream, e.g. 30 mA, which must open the contacts 8 of the main switch. Now it is checked whether the contacts of the main switch have opened.
  • a diagnostic stream e.g. 30 mA
  • the triggering of the switch during the test process is not carried out via the switch 6 and the resistor 7 in a conventional manner, but by generating its own test current in a control part 5.
  • An object of the invention is to carry out the prescribed or desired review of the residual current circuit breaker with little effort, but with high reliability, without resulting in the above-mentioned unwanted interruptions in operation with their consequences.
  • a third multi-pole switch is provided in the bridging branches, which is spring-loaded in the direction of its ⁇ ffhungswolf and not detectable.
  • the primary winding of a first current transformer is located in a first bypass branch and the primary winding of a second current transformer is located in a second bypass branch and the secondary windings of both current transformers are connected to one another.
  • overvoltage protection can be obtained simply by connecting an overvoltage arrester parallel to the secondary windings of both current transformers.
  • the third multi-pole switch is designed as an uninterruptible changeover switch, since in this case the contact resistances or the sequence when closing the contacts can cause no problems.
  • the object underlying the invention is also achieved with a residual current circuit breaker of the type mentioned, in which the Umschaltterne the third multi-pole switch between the summation current transformer and the network-side contacts of the first multi-pole switch are arranged and a lock is provided, which at triggered first switch prevents actuation of the third multi-pole switch.
  • FIG. 1 is the block diagram of a residual current circuit breaker according to the prior art
  • FIG. 3 shows the circuit of a first practical embodiment of a residual current circuit breaker according to the invention
  • 4 shows the circuit of a second practical embodiment of a residual current circuit breaker according to the invention
  • Fig. 5 shows a development of the invention for use as a mobile tester and Fig. 6 shows a further variant of the invention.
  • Fig. 2 it is shown how a residual current circuit breaker RCD can be bridged by means of a 2-pole switch S3 by bridging branches Zl, ZN.
  • step 1 the third switch S3 is closed in order to bridge the contacts of the first switch S1. In this case, it is assumed that all contacts of the third switch S3 close at the same time.
  • test button i. the second switch Sl be actuated, and the first switch Sl must trigger because of the occurring fault current (step 3). This is generally made visual by the case of the switch S1 having a release switch lock.
  • step 1 If, in step 1, the time difference between the closing of the contacts of the third switch S3 greater than the reaction time of the residual current circuit breaker, it triggers immediately and the circuit is interrupted for the difference time. If, in step 2, the current difference across the two contacts of the first switch Sl is greater than the fault rated current, the switch would trip immediately. This would not be a problem since the load is already being supplied via switch S3. The problem occurs in the next step because the original state can not be restored due to the differential current.
  • the first switch Sl can not be reinstated, since it triggers immediately. Even if no differential current is present, the different contacting times of the contacts of the second switch S2 would also lead to an immediate tripping. Since the residual-current-operated circuit-breaker RCD is or must be equipped with an unlocking lock, it is not possible to "hold" the switch.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 are based on the idea of balancing the currents in the bridging branches, which, as already mentioned, are particularly suitable for retrospective upgrading of existing conventional residual current circuit breakers.
  • Fig. 3 shows the use of a Symmetriertransf ormators SW in the bridging of the contacts of the first multi-pole switch Sl of a residual current circuit breaker RCD.
  • the bridging branches Z1, ZN each contain one winding of the balancing transformer SW, which is designed as a current transformer with a ratio of 1: 1. If one contact in front of the other closes at the third switch S3, correspondingly only a very small current is established at the converter of its no-load characteristic.
  • the driving voltage across the transducer corresponds to the voltage drop across the contact resistance of the first switch S1. It can easily be calculated that with a contact resistance of, for example, 50 m ⁇ and a load current of 16 A, the stated voltage is 0.8 V.
  • the primary winding WP includes a first current transformer SW1 in a first bridging branch Zl and the primary winding WP2 of a second current transformer SW2 in a second bridging branch Z2, the secondary windings WS1, WS2 of both current transformers connected to each other.
  • This embodiment offers the additional advantage that a surge arrester UE can be connected in parallel with the secondary windings WS1, WS2 of both current transformers SW1, SW2 in order to protect the current transformers.
  • the third multi-pole switch S3 as shown in Figures 3 and 4, designed as an uninterruptible changeover switch. With such a changeover switch, the changeover contact is temporarily in contact, even if only briefly, with the other two contacts.
  • the tester PG consists of a balancing transformer SW with the two windings SWl, SW2, the same as in FIG. 3, and can be temporarily clamped in the manner shown via the thick drawn in Fig. 5 lines for bridging the first switch Sl.
  • the third switch S3, which is likewise accommodated in the test device PG, is not a changeover switch but a two-pole switch as in the representation according to FIG. 2.
  • the mobile test device PG is connected to the supply and discharge lines of the residual current circuit breaker RCD and the Switch S3 closed. Now the test button S2 of the residual current circuit breaker RCD can be pressed and thus the test can be carried out. A triggering of the residual current circuit breaker and thus opening of the first switch Sl does not interrupt the power supply to connected consumers because of the bridging by the tester. After closing the first switch Sl, the tester PG can be disconnected again. It should also be clear that the third switch S3 is not essential here, but it is useful if the tester PG remains assigned to a residual current device RCD for a long time.
  • the lock which prevents actuation of the third multi-pole switch S3 when the first switch S1 is triggered, is shown schematically in FIG. 3 and designated VG.
  • the third switch S3 between the supplying network and the summation current transformer this design is suitable for a compact, installable in a single housing residual current circuit breaker. It should be noted that - in contrast to the training shown in Fig. 2 - the changeover of the third multi-pole switch S3 between the summation current transformer RK, W, SC and the network-side contacts of the first multi-pole switch Sl are arranged, ie, by the summation current transformer leading line sections are not bridged by the third switch S3.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un commutateur de protection contre les courants de défaut, qui présente un convertisseur de somme de courants (RK, W, SC) pour les conducteurs (L1, N) à surveiller qui passent par les contacts d'un premier commutateur multipolaire (S1), ce commutateur étant maintenu dans sa position de fermeture par une serrure de commutation (SC) qui, lorsqu'une différence de courant prédéterminée entre les conducteurs est dépassée, déclenche le commutateur dans le sens de l'ouverture de ses contacts, un deuxième commutateur (S2) configuré comme charge de test et dont la fermeture entraîne la dérivation depuis un conducteur d'un courant de défaut défini qui suffit pour déclencher le commutateur, et des dérivations de pontage (Z1, ZN) qui permettent un pontage momentané des parcours de contact du premier commutateur multipolaire (S1), les dérivations de pontage (Z1, ZN) contenant chacune un enroulement d'un transformateur symétrique (SW; SW1, SW2), ou les contacts de commutation d'un troisième commutateur multipolaire (S3) étant disposés entre le convertisseur de somme de courants (RK, W, SC) et les contacts du premier commutateur multipolaire (S1) situé du côté du réseau. Un verrouillage (VG) empêche l'actionnement du troisième commutateur multipolaire (S3) lorsque le premier commutateur (S1) est déclenché.
PCT/AT2008/000356 2007-10-04 2008-10-02 Commutateur de protection contre les courants de défaut WO2009043075A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT15762007A AT505799B1 (de) 2007-10-04 2007-10-04 Fehlerstromschutzschalter
ATA1576/2007 2007-10-04
AT7502008A AT505635B1 (de) 2007-10-04 2008-05-08 Fehlerstromschutzschalter
ATA750/2008 2008-05-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009043075A2 true WO2009043075A2 (fr) 2009-04-09
WO2009043075A3 WO2009043075A3 (fr) 2009-07-30

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AT2008/000356 WO2009043075A2 (fr) 2007-10-04 2008-10-02 Commutateur de protection contre les courants de défaut

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AT (2) AT505799B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009043075A2 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013014251A3 (fr) * 2011-07-26 2013-04-11 Eaton Industries (Austria) Gmbh Appareil de commutation
CN103201920A (zh) * 2010-08-19 2013-07-10 伊顿工业（奥地利）有限公司 配电装置
WO2020089533A1 (fr) * 2018-10-29 2020-05-07 Hager-Electro Sas Module auxiliaire de dérivation pour dispositif de protection différentielle

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115450054B (zh) * 2022-09-19 2024-01-12 陕西科技大学 一种超疏水柔性导热薄膜及其制备方法

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4432643A1 (de) * 1994-09-14 1996-03-21 Rainer Dipl Phys Berthold Kontaktanordnung für einen Fehlerstromschutzschalter
EP1562213A1 (fr) * 2004-02-06 2005-08-10 GEWISS S.p.A. Disjoncteur de protection à courant différentiel résiduel avec autodiagnostic et réinitialisation automatique

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4432643A1 (de) * 1994-09-14 1996-03-21 Rainer Dipl Phys Berthold Kontaktanordnung für einen Fehlerstromschutzschalter
EP1562213A1 (fr) * 2004-02-06 2005-08-10 GEWISS S.p.A. Disjoncteur de protection à courant différentiel résiduel avec autodiagnostic et réinitialisation automatique

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103201920A (zh) * 2010-08-19 2013-07-10 伊顿工业（奥地利）有限公司 配电装置
WO2013014251A3 (fr) * 2011-07-26 2013-04-11 Eaton Industries (Austria) Gmbh Appareil de commutation
CN103828014A (zh) * 2011-07-26 2014-05-28 伊顿工业（奥地利）有限公司 开关装置
US9129766B2 (en) 2011-07-26 2015-09-08 Eaton Industries (Austria) Gmbh Switching device
WO2020089533A1 (fr) * 2018-10-29 2020-05-07 Hager-Electro Sas Module auxiliaire de dérivation pour dispositif de protection différentielle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT505635B1 (de) 2009-03-15
AT505799B1 (de) 2009-06-15
WO2009043075A3 (fr) 2009-07-30
AT505635A4 (de) 2009-03-15
AT505799A1 (de) 2009-04-15

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