WO2009042094A2 - Hiv protease inhibitors - Google Patents

Abstract

Compounds of Formula A are disclosed: (A), wherein XA, k, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R5A, R6 and R7 are defined herein. The compounds encompassed by Formula A include compounds which are HIV protease inhibitors and other compounds which can be metabolized in vivo to HIV protease inhibitors. The compounds and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts are useful for the prophylaxis or treatment of infection by HIV and the prophylaxis, treatment, or delay in the onset of AIDS. The compounds and their salts can be employed as ingredients in pharmaceutical compositions, optionally in combination with other antivirals, immunomodulators, antibiotics or vaccines.

Description

TITLE OF THE INVENTION HIV PROTEASE INHIBITORS

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to certain lysine sulfonamide derivatives and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts. Some of these derivatives are compounds which are HTV protease inhibitors and the others can be metabolized in vivo to HTV protease inhibitors. The compounds are useful for the prophylaxis of HIV infection and HTV replication, the treatment of HIV infection and HTV replication, the prophylaxis of AIDS, the treatment of AIDS, and the delay in the onset and/or progression of AIDS.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

A retrovirus designated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), particularly the strains known as HIV type-1 (HFV-I) virus and type-2 (HFV-2) virus, is the etiological agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), a disease characterized by the destruction of the immune system, particularly of CD4 T-cells, with attendant susceptibility to opportunistic infections, and its precursor AIDS-related complex ("ARC"), a syndrome characterized by symptoms such as persistent generalized lymphadenopathy, fever and weight loss. This virus was previously known as LAV, HTLV-III, or ARV. A common feature of retrovirus replication is the extensive post-translational processing of precursor polyproteins by a virally encoded protease to generate mature viral proteins required for virus assembly and function. Inhibition of this processing prevents the production of normally infectious virus. For example, Kohl et al., Proc. Nat'lAcad. Sci. 1988, 85: 4686, demonstrated that genetic inactivation of the HTV encoded protease resulted in the production of immature, non-infectious virus particles. These results indicated that inhibition of the HFV protease represents a viable method for the treatment of AIDS and the prevention or treatment of infection by HFV.

Nucleotide sequencing of HFV shows the presence of apol gene in one open reading frame [Ratner et al., Nature 1985, 313: 277]. Amino acid sequence homology provides evidence that thepol sequence encodes reverse transcriptase, an endonuclease, HFV protease and gag, which encodes the core proteins of the virion (Toh et al., EMBO J. 1985, 4: 1267; Power et al., Science 1986, 23J_.: 1567; Pearl et al., Nature 1987, 329: 351].

Several HFV protease inhibitors are presently approved for clinical use in the treatment of AIDS and HFV infection, including indinavir (see US 5413999), amprenavir (US 5585397), saquinavir (US 5196438), ritonavir (US 5484801) and nelfinavir (US 5484926). Each of these protease inhibitors is a peptide-derived peptidomimetic, competitive inhibitor of the viral protease which prevents cleavage of the HFV gag-pol polyprotein precursor. Tipranavir (US 5852195) is a non-peptide peptidomimetic protease inhibitors also approved for use in treating HFV infection. The protease inhibitors are administered in combination with at least one and typically at least two other HTV antiviral agents, particularly nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors such as zidovudine (AZT) and lamivudine (3TC) and/or non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors such as efavirenz and nevirapine. Indinavir, for example, has been found to be highly effective in reducing HFV viral loads and increasing CD4 cell counts in HTV-infected patients, when used in combination with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. See, for example, Hammer et al., New England J. Med. 1997, 337: 725-733 and Gulick et al., New England! Med 1997, 337: 734-739.

The established therapies employing a protease inhibitor are not suitable for use in all HIV-infected subjects. Some subjects, for example, cannot tolerate these therapies due to adverse effects. Many HIV-infected subjects often develop resistance to particular protease inhibitors. Accordingly, there is a continuing need for new compounds which are capable of inhibiting HTV protease and suitable for use in the treatment or prophylaxis of infection by HTV and/or for the treatment or prophylaxis or delay in the onset or progression of AIDS.

References disclosing amino acid derivatives with HIV aspartyl protease inhibiting properties, processes for preparing the derivatives, and/or therapeutic uses of the derivatives include: WO 01/68593, WO 02/064551 Al, WO 03/074467 A2, WO 2004/056764 Al, WO 2006/012725 Al, WO 2006/114001 Al, WO 2007/062526 Al, WO 2008/023273 A2, WO 2008/078200 A2, and US 7388008 B2.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is directed to certain lysine sulfonamide derivatives and their use in the inhibition of HTV protease, the prophylaxis of infection by HTV, the treatment of infection by HFV, and the prophylaxis, treatment, and delay in the onset or progression of AIDS. More particularly, the present invention includes compounds of Formula A:

and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: Rl is Ci-6 alkyl or Ci_6 alkyl substituted with C3-6 cycloalkyl; R2 is CH(RJ)-Z, and Z is OH, NH2, or ORP;

R^j is H, Ci-6 alkyl, Ci-6 fluoroalkyl, or Ci-6 alkyl substituted with C3-.5 cycloalkyl; RP is P(O)(OH)2, P(O)(OM)2, or C(O)RQ; M is an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal; RQ is:

(1) Ci-6 alkyl,

(2) C3-6 cycloalkyl, (3) Ci-6 alkyl substituted with C3-6 cycloalkyl,

(4) O-Ci-6 alkyl,

(5) O-C 1 -6 alkyl substituted with O-C 1 -6 alkyl,

(6) O-Ci-6 fluoroalkyl, (7) C(O)O-C 1-6 alkyl,

(8) C(O)-C 1 _6 alkylene-N(H)-C 1 _6 alkyl,

(9) C(O)-C 1-6 alkylene-N(-Ci-6 alkyl)2,

(10) C 1-6 alkyl substituted with C(O)O-Ci -6 alkyl,

(11) C 1 -6 alkyl substituted with C(O)OH, (12) C 1 _6 alkyl substituted with C(O)-C 1 -6 alkyl,

(13) N(H)-Ci-6 alkyl,

(14) N(-Ci-₆ alkyl)2,

(15) Ci-6 alkyl substituted with NH2, N(H)-Q-O alkyl, or N(-Ci_6 alkyl)2,

(16) AryA, (17) C 1 -6 alkyl substituted with AryA,

( 18) O-C 1 -6 alkyl substituted with AryA,

(19) HetA,

(20) C 1 -6 alkyl substituted with HetA,

(21 ) O-C 1 -6 alkyl substituted with HetA, (22) HetB, or

(23) O-HetB;

R3 is H, Ci-6 alkyl, Ci-6 fluoroalkyl, or C\-β alkyl substituted with C3.5 cycloalkyl; R4 is H, C 1-6 alkyl, Cl -6 fluoroalkyl, or Ci -6 alkyl substituted with C3.5 cycloalkyl; R5 is H, C 1-6 alkyl, Cl -6 fluoroalkyl, C3-5 cycloalkyl, or Cl -6 alkyl substituted with C3-5 cycloalkyl;

R5A is H or C 1-6 alkyl; provided that:

(A) when R2 is CH2OH or CH2ORP, then at least one of R3, R4, R5 and R5 A J₅ other than H; (B) when either or both R5 and R5 A are other than H, then at least one of R3 and R4 is H; and

(C) wwhheenn RR3J a anndd RR⁴^ are both other than H, then R5 and R5 A are both H; each X A is independently:

(1) Cl-6 alkyl,

(2) C3-6 cycloalkyl,

(3) Ci-6 haloalkyl,

(4) OH

(5) O-C 1-6 alkyl, (6) O-Ci-6 haloalkyl,

(7) O-C3-6 cycloalkyl,

(8) SH,

(9) S-Ci-6 alkyl,

(10) S-Ci-6 haloalkyl,

(H) S-C3-6 cycloalkyl,

(12) halo,

(13) CN,

(14) NO₂,

(15) NH₂,

(16) N(H)-C 1-6 alkyl,

(17) N(-Ci-₆ alkyl)₂,

(18) N(H)C(O)-C 1-6 alkyl,

(19) N(H)CH(O),

(20) CH(O),

(21) C(O)-C 1-6 alkyl,

(22) C(O)OH,

(23) C(O)O-C 1-6 alkyl,

(24) SO₂H,

(25) SO₂-Ci-6 alkyl, or

(26) C 1-6 alkyl substituted with:

(a) C3-6 cycloalkyl,

(b) C 1-6 haloalkyl,

(c) OH

(d) O-Ci-6 alkyl,

(e) O-C 1-6 haloalkyl,

(f) O-C3-6 cycloalkyl,

(g) SH,

(h) S-Ci-6 alkyl,

(i) S-C 1-6 haloalkyl,

(j) S-C3-6 cycloalkyl,

(k) halo,

(1) CN,

(m) NO₂,

(n) NH₂,

(o) N(H)-Ci-6 alkyl,

(P) N(-Ci-₆ alkyl)₂,

(q) N(H)C(O)-Ci-6 alkyl, (r) N(H)CH(O),

(S) CH(O),

(t) C(O)-Ci_₆ alkyl,

(u) C(O)OH,

(v) C(O)O-Ci-₆ alkyl,

(w) SO2H, or

(x) SO2-C1-6 alkyl; or, alternatively, when two or more X A substituents are present on the phenyl ring and two of the X A are attached to adjacent carbon atoms of the phenyl ring, the two X A are optionally taken together to form -OCH2O- or -OCH2CH2O-; k is an integer equal to 0, 1, 2, or 3; R6 is:

, or , wherein the asterisk (*) denotes the point of attachment to the rest of the compound; each XB and each XC are independently selected from the group consisting of:

(1) Ci-6 alkyl,

(2) C3-6 cycloalkyl,

(3) Ci-6 haloalkyl,

(4) OH,

(5) O-Ci-6 alkyl,

(6) O-Ci-6 haloalkyl,

(7) O-C3-6 cycloalkyl,

(8) SH,

(9) S-C 1-6 alkyl,

(10) S-Ci_6 haloalkyl,

(H) S-C3-6 cycloalkyl,

(12) halo,

(13) CN,

(14) NO₂, (15) NH₂,

(16) N(H)-Ci-6 alkyl,

(17) N(-Ci-₆ alkyl)2,

( 18) N(H)C(O)-C i _6 alkyl, (19) N(H)CH(O),

(20) CH(O),

(21) C(O)-Ci_6 alkyl,

(22) C(O)OH,

(23) C(O)O-Ci-6 alkyl, (24) SO2H,

(25) SO2-C1-6 alkyl; and

(26) Cl -6 alkyl substituted with:

(a) Ci-6 haloalkyl,

(b) OH (c) O-Ci-6 alkyl,

(d) O-Ci_6 haloalkyl,

(e) O-C3-6 cycloalkyl,

(f) SH,

(g) S-Ci-6 alkyl, (h) halo,

(i) CN,

G) NO₂,

(k) NH₂,

(1) N(H)-Ci_6 alkyl, (m) N(-Ci-₆ alkyl)₂,

(n) C(O)-Ci-6 alkyl,

(o) C(O)OH,

(P) C(O)O-Ci-6 alkyl, or

(q) SO₂-C 1-6 alkyl; m is an integer equal to 0, 1 , 2, or 3; n is an integer equal to 0, 1, 2, or 3; It? is H, Ci-6 alkyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl, Ci-6 alkyl substituted with C3.6 cycloalkyl, or C(O)-RK;

RK is:

(1) Ci-6 alkyl, (2) C3-6 cycloalkyl,

(3) Cl-6 alkyl substituted with C3-6 cycloalkyl,

(4) O-Ci-6 alkyl,

(5) O-C 1 -6 alkyl substituted with O-C 1 -6 alkyl, (6) O-Ci_6 fluoroalkyl,

(7) C(O)O-Ci_6 alkyl,

(8) C 1 -6 alkyl substituted with C(O)O-C I -6 alkyl,

(9) C i _6 alkyl substituted with C(O)OH, (10) C 1 -6 alkyl substituted with C(O)-C I -6 alkyl,

(11) N(H)-Ci-6 alkyl,

(12) N(-Ci-₆ alkyl)2,

(13) C 1 -6 alkyl substituted with NH2, N(H)-C i -6 alkyl, or N(-C i _6 alkyl)2,

(14) AryA, (15) C i _6 alkyl substituted with AryA,

( 16) O-C 1 -6 alkyl substituted with AryA,

(17) HetA,

(18) C 1 -6 alkyl substituted with HetA,

(19) O-C i _6 alkyl substituted with HetA, (20) HetB, or

(21) O-HetB; each AryA is an aryl which is independently phenyl or naphthyl, wherein the phenyl or naphthyl is optionally substituted with from 1 to 4 YB wherein each YB independently has the same definition as XB; each HetA is a heteroaryl which is independently (i) a 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic ring containing from 1 to 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O and S, or (ii) is a heterobicyclic ring selected from quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, and quinoxalinyl; wherein the heteroaromatic ring (i) or the bicyclic ring (ii) is optionally substituted with from 1 to 4 YC wherein each YC independently has the same definition as XB; and each HetB is independently a 4- to 7-membered, saturated or unsaturated, non-aromatic heterocyclic ring containing at least one carbon atom and from 1 to 4 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O and S, where each S is optionally oxidized to S(O) or S(O)2, and wherein the saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with from 1 to 4 substituents each of which is independently halogen, CN, Ci -6 alkyl, OH, oxo, O-Ci-6 alkyl, d-6 haloalkyl, O-Ci-6 haloalkyl, C(O)NH2, C(O)N(H)-Ci_6 alkyl, C(O)N(-C 1-6 alkyl)2, C(O)H, C(O)-Ci_6 alkyl, CO2H, CO2-C1-6 alkyl, SO2H, or SO2-C 1-6 alkyl.

Under the proviso as originally set forth above for a compound of Formula A, the present invention includes all compounds of Formula I in which R3, R4_} R5_S and R5A are all H except for compounds in which R2 is CH2OH or CH2ORP; all compounds of Formula I

(regardless of the value of R2) in which one of R3 and R4 is H, and the other of R3 and R4 is not H; all compounds of Formula I (regardless of the value of R2) in which both of R3 and R4 are H and one or both of R^ and R5A are not H; and all compounds of Formula I (regardless of the value of R2) in which both R.3 and R4 are not H, and R.5 and R.5A are both H. Under the proviso, compounds in which R.3 and R4 and either or both R5 and R5 A are other than H are excluded.

Other embodiments, aspects and features of the present invention are either further described in or will be apparent from the ensuing description, examples and appended claims.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention includes compounds of Formula A above and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The compounds encompassed by Formula A include compounds which are HIV protease inhibitors and other compounds which can be metabolized in vivo to HTV protease inhibitors. More particularly, the compounds of Formula A in which R2 is

CH(RJ)-ORP are believed to be prodrugs which are converted in vivo into the pharmaceutically active component. The in vivo conversion of the prodrug can be the result of an enzyme- catalyzed chemical reaction, a metabolic chemical reaction, and/or a spontaneous chemical reaction (e.g., solvo lysis).

Unless expressly stated to the contrary or clear from the context, a reference to compounds of the present invention refers to all compounds encompassed by Formula A, whether or not they act as prodrugs. A first embodiment of the present invention (alternatively referred to herein as

"Embodiment El ") is a compound of Formula A (alternatively and more simply referred to as

"Compound A"), which is a compound of Formula I:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: R5 is H, Ci-6 alkyl, Ci-6 fluoroalkyl, or Ci-6 alkyl substituted with C3.5 cycloalkyl; and all other variables are as originally defined (i.e., as defined in Formula A in the Summary of the Invention); with the proviso that:

(A) when R2 is CH2OH or CH2ORP, then at least one of R3, R4, and R5 is C 1 -6 alkyl, Ci-6 fluoroalkyl, or Ci-6 alkyl substituted with C3-.5 cycloalkyl; and (B) at least one of R3, R4, and R5 is H.

Under this proviso in Embodiment El, the present invention includes all compounds of Formula I in which R3, R4, and R5 are all H except for compounds in which R2 is CH2OH or CH2ORP; all compounds of Formula I in which two of R3, R4, and R5 are H and the other is not H; and all compounds in which one of R.3, R4, and R5 is H and the other two are not H.

A second embodiment of the present invention (Embodiment E2) is a compound of Formula I (alternatively and more simply referred to as "Compound I"), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein Rl is Cl -6 alkyl; and all other variables are as defined in

Embodiment El.

A third embodiment of the invention (Embodiment E3) is a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein Rl is CH2CH(CH3)2 or CH2CH2CH(CH3)2; and all other variables are as defined in Embodiment El. A fourth embodiment of the invention (Embodiment E4) is a compound of

Formula A, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein Rl is CH3, CH2CH3, CH(CH3)2, CH2CH2CH3, CH2CH(CH3)2, CH2CH2CH(CH3)2, CH2CH2CH2F, cyclobutyl, or CH2-cyclopropyl; and all other variables are as originally defined.

A fifth embodiment of the invention (Embodiment E5) is a compound of Formula A, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein Rl is CH3, CH2CH3, CH(CH3)2,

CH2CH2CH3, CH2CH(CH3)2, or CH2CH2CH(CH3)2; and all other variables are as originally defined. In an aspect of this embodiment, Rl is CH(CH3)2, CH2CH2CH3, CH2CH(CH3)2, or CH2CH2CH(CH3)2

A first class of compounds of the present invention (alternatively referred to herein as Class Cl) includes compounds of Formula I, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: Rl is C 1-6 alkyl;

R2 is CH2-Z, CH(CH3)-Z, CH(CF3)-Z; wherein Z is OH, NH2, or ORP; and wherein RP is

P(O)(OH)₂, P(O)(ONa)₂, P(O)(OK)₂, C(O)-Ci_₆ alkyl, C(O)O-Ci_₆ alkyl, C(O)N(-Ci_₆ alkyl)₂, C(O)-pyridyl, or C(O)-Ci-6 alkylene-NH₂;

R3 is H, CH3, CF3, CH2-cyclopropyl, or CH2-cyclobutyl; R4 is H, CH3, CF3, CH2-cyclopropyl, or CH2-cyclobutyl; R5 is H, CH3, CF3, CH2-cyclopropyl, or CH2-cyclobutyl; provided that: (A) when R2 is CH2OH or CH2ORP, then at least one of R3, R4, and R5 is CH3,

CF3, CH2-cyclopropyl, or CH2 -cyclobutyl; and H.

erein the asterisk (*) denotes the point of attachment to the rest of the compound; each XB and each XC are independently selected from the group consisting of: (1) Ci-3 alkyl,

(2) cyclopropyl,

(3) CF₃,

(4) OH,

(5) O-C 1-3 alkyl,

(6) OCF₃,

(7) Cl,

(8) Br,

(9) F,

(10) CN,

(H) NO₂,

(12) NH₂,

(13) N(H)-Ci-3 alkyl,

(14) N(-Ci-3 alkyl)2,

(15) C(O)-Ci-3 alkyl,

(16) CO₂H,

(17) C(O)O-C 1-3 alkyl,

(18) CH₂OH, and

(19) CH₂O-C i-3 alkyl; m is an integer equal to 0, 1, or 2; n is an integer equal to 0, 1, or 2; each X A is independently:

(1) C 1-3 alkyl,

(2) cyclopropyl,

(3) CF₃,

(4) OH,

(5) O-Ci-₃ alkyl,

(6) OCF₃,

(7) Cl,

(8) Br,

(9) F,

(10) CN,

(H) NO₂,

(12) NH₂,

(13) N(H)-Ci-3 alkyl,

(14) N(-Ci-3 alkyl)2,

(15) C(O)-Ci-3 alkyl,

(16) CO₂H, (17) C(O)O-Ci-3 alkyl, or

(18) C l -3 alkyl substituted with

(a) cyclopropyl,

(b) CF₃, (C) OH,

(d) O-Ci-3 alkyl,

(e) OCF₃,

(f) Cl,

(g) Br, (h) F,

(i) CN,

G) NO₂,

(k) NH₂,

(1) N(H)-Ci-₃ alkyl, (m) N(-Ci-₃ alkyl)₂,

(n) C(O)-Ci_₃ alkyl,

(o) CO₂H, or

(p) C(O)O-C i_3 alkyl; and k is an integer equal to 0, 1, or 2; R7 is H, C(O)-Ci-6 alkyl, C(O)O-Cl-6 alkyl, C(0)N(-Ci-6 alkyl)₂, C(O)-HetA, or C(O)-HetB;

HetA is a heteroaryl selected from the group consisting of pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, and quinoxalinyl, wherein the heteroaryl is optionally substituted with from 1 to 3 substituents each of which is independently CH₃, CF₃, OH, OCH₃, OCF₃, Cl, Br, F, CN, NH₂, N(H)CH₃, N(CH₃)₂, C(O)CH₃, CO₂CH₃, or SO₂CH₃; and

HetB is a saturated heterocyclic ring selected from the group consisting of tetrahydrofuranyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, or thiomorpholinyl in which the S is optionally oxidized to S(O) or S(O)₂, and wherein the ring is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents each of which is independently CH₃, CH₂CH₃, oxo, C(O)N(CH₃)₂, C(O)CH₃, CO₂CH₃, or S(O)₂CH₃).

A first subclass of Class Cl (alternatively referred to herein as Subclass SCl-I) includes compounds of Formula II:

(H)

and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein all of the variables are as defined in Class Cl .

A second subclass of Class Cl (Subclass SC 1-2) includes compounds of Formula III:

and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein all of the variables are as defined in Class Cl.

A second class of compounds of the present invention (Class C2) includes compounds of Formula B:

and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; wherein:

Rl is CH3, CH2CH3, CH(CH3)2, CH2CH2CH3, CH2CH(CH3)2, CH2CH2CH(CH3)2,

CH2CH2CH2F, cyclobutyl, or CH2-cyclopropyl; R2 is CH2OH, CH(CH3)OH, or CH2NH2;

R5 is CH3, CH2CH3, CH(CH3)2, CH2CH2CH3, C(CH3)3, CF3, CF2CF3, or cyclopropyl; R6 is:

, wherein the asterisk (*) denotes the point of attachment to the rest of the compound; each XB and each XC are independently selected from the group consisting of:

(1) CH₃,

(2) CH₂CH₃,

(3) CF₃,

(4) OH,

(5) OCH₃,

(6) OCF₃, (7) Cl,

(8) Br,

(9) F,

(10) CN,

(H) NH₂,

(12) N(H)CH₃,

(13) N(CH₃)2,

(14) C(O)CH₃,

(15) C(O)OCH₃,

(16) CH₂OH, and

(17) CH₂OCH₃; m is 0, 1 or 2; n is O, 1, or 2;

XA is:

(1) CH₃,

(2) CH₂CH₃,

(3) CF₃,

(4) OH,

(5) OCH₃,

(6) OCF₃,

(V) Cl,

(8) Br,

(9) F,

(10) CN,

(H) NH₂,

(12) N(H)CH₃,

(13) N(CH₃)₂,

(14) C(O)CH₃,

(15) C(O)OCH₃,

(16) CH₂OH,

(17) CH₂OCH₃,

(18) CH₂NH₂,

(19) CH₂N(H)CH₃,

(20) CH₂N(CH₃)₂,

(21) CH(CH₃)OH,

(22) CH(CH₃)OCH₃,

(23) CH(CH₃)NH₂,

(24) CH(CH₃)N(H)CH₃, or (25) CH(CH3)N(CH3)2; and R7 is H, CH3, or C(O)OCH3.

A third class of compounds of the present invention (Class C3) includes compounds of Formula C:

and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; wherein:

Rl is CH3, CH2CH3, CH(CH3)2, CH2CH2CH3, CH2CH(CH3)2, or CH2CH2CH(CH3)2;

R2 is CH2OH;

R5 is CH3, CH2CH3, CF3, or cyclopropyl;

R6 is:

or

XA is NH2, C(O)CH3, CH2OH, or CH(CH3)OH; and R7 is H, CH3, or C(O)OCH3.

A fourth class of compounds of the present invention (Class C4) includes compounds of Formula D:

and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; wherein X A₅ Rl, R5₅ and R? are as defined in Class C3.

A fifth class of compounds of the present invention (Class C5) includes compounds of Formula E:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; wherein: XA is NH2, C(O)CH3, CH2OH, or CH(CH3)OH;

Rl is CH3, CH2CH3, CH(CH3)2, CH2CH2CH3, CH2CH(CH3)2, or CH2CH2CH(CH3)2; and R7 is H, CH3, or C(O)OCH3.

Another embodiment of the present invention is a compound selected from the group consisting of the compounds listed in Table 1 below and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts.

Another embodiment of the present invention is a compound selected from the group consisting of: iV-{(15',55)-5-[[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl](isopropyl)amino]-6-hydroxy-l- methylhexyl } -iVα-(methoxycarbonyl)-β-phenyl-L-phenylalaninamide; methyl [(lS)-2-({(5S)-5-[[4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl]-((3S)-3-ethylbutyl)amino]-6- hydroxy- 1 -methylhexyl)amino)- 1 -(diphenylmethyl)-2-oxoethyl]carbamate; N- { ( 1 S,5S)-5- [[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl] (propyl)amino] -6-hydroxy- 1 - methylhexyl } -Mx-(methoxycarbonyl)-β-phenyl-L-phenylalaninamide;

N- {(55)-5-[[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl](isopropyl)amino]-6-hydroxy- 1,1- dimethylhexyl } -β-phenyl-L-phenylalaninamide; methyl [(I S)-2-({(5S)-5-[[3-fluoro-4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl]-((3S)-3- cyclopropylbutyl)amino] -6-hydroxy- 1 -methylhexyl)amino)- 1 -(diphenylmethyl)-2- oxoethyljcarbamate;

N- [( 1 i?,5S)-5 - [ [(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl] (propyl)amino] -6-hydroxy- 1 - (trifluoromethy^hexylJ-iVα-Cmethoxycarbony^-β-phenyl-L-phenylalaninamide;

N-[(li?,55)-5-[[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl](isopropyl)amino]-6-hydroxy-l- (trifluoromethyl)hexyl]-Mx-(methoxycarbonyl)-β-phenyl-L-phenylalaninamide;

N-{(15,55)-l-ethyl-6-hydroxy-5-[{[4-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl]sulfonyl}(3- memylbutyl)aπn^o]hexyl}-Mx-(methoxycarbonyl)-β-phenyl-L-phenylalaninamide;

^-{(l^S^-l-ethyl-o-hydroxy-S-tl^-ChydroxymethyOphenyllsulfonylXS- methylbutyl)amino]hexyl } -Nα-methyl-β-phenyl-L-phenylalaninamide; N-{(lS,5S)-6-hydroxy-5-[{[4-

(hydroxymethyl)phenyl] sulfonyl } (isopropyl)amino] - 1 -methylhexyl } -Mx-(methoxycarbonyl)-β- phenyl-L-phenylalaninamide; ΛT-{(15,5S)-6-hydroxy-5-[({4-[(lS)-l- hydroxyethyljphenyl } sulfonyl)(isopropyl)amino]- 1 -methylhexyl } -Nα-(methoxycarbonyl)-β- phenyl-L-phenylalaninamide ; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Another embodiment of the present invention is a compound of Formula A, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, as originally defined or as defined in any of the foregoing embodiments, aspects, classes, or subclasses, wherein the compound or its salt is in a substantially pure form. As used herein "substantially pure" means suitably at least about 60 wt.%, typically at least about 70 wt.%, preferably at least about 80 wt.%, more preferably at least about 90 wt.% (e.g., from about 90 wt.% to about 99 wt.%), even more preferably at least about 95 wt.% (e.g., from about 95 wt.% to about 99 wt.%, or from about 98 wt.% to 100 wt.%), and most preferably at least about 99 wt.% (e.g., 100 wt.%) of a product containing a compound of Formula A or its salt (e.g., the product isolated from a reaction mixture affording the compound or salt) consists of the compound or salt. The level of purity of the compounds and salts can be determined using a standard method of analysis such as thin layer chromatography, gel electrophoresis, high performance liquid chromatography, and/or mass spectrometry. If more than one method of analysis is employed and the methods provide experimentally significant differences in the level of purity determined, then the method providing the highest level of purity governs. A compound or salt of 100% purity is one which is free of detectable impurities as determined by a standard method of analysis. The compounds of the invention have two or more asymmetric centers and can occur as mixtures of stereoisomers. It is understood that a substantially pure compound can be either a substantially pure mixture of stereoisomers or a substantially pure individual diastereomer or enantiomer.

Other embodiments of the present invention include the following: (a) A pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of a compound of Formula A as defined above, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

(b) A pharmaceutical composition which comprises the product prepared by combining (e.g., mixing) an effective amount of a compound of Formula A as defined above, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

(c) The pharmaceutical composition of (a) or (b), further comprising an effective amount of an anti-HTV agent selected from the group consisting of HTV antiviral agents, immunomodulators, and anti-infective agents.

(d) The pharmaceutical composition of (c), wherein the anti-HTV^* agent is an antiviral selected from the group consisting of FHV protease inhibitors, HTV reverse transcriptase inhibitors, HTV integrase inhibitors, HTV fusion inhibitors, HTV entry inhibitors, and HTV maturation inhibitors. (e) The pharmaceutical composition of (d), wherein the antiviral is selected from the group consisting of HTV reverse transcriptase inhibitors and HTV integrase inhibitors.

(f) A combination which is (i) a compound of Formula A as defined above, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and (ii) an anti-HIV agent selected from the group consisting of HIV antiviral agents, immunomodulators, and anti-infective agents; wherein Compound I and the anti-HTV agent are each employed in an amount that renders the combination effective for inhibition of HIV protease, for treatment or prophylaxis of infection by HTV, or for treatment, prophylaxis of, or delay in the onset or progression of AIDS.

(g) The combination of (f), wherein the anti-HIV agent is an antiviral selected from the group consisting of HFV protease inhibitors, HFV reverse transcriptase inhibitors, HFV integrase inhibitors, HFV fusion inhibitors, HFV entry inhibitors, and HFV maturation inhibitors.

(h) The combination of (g), wherein the antiviral is selected from the group consisting of HFV reverse transcriptase inhibitors and HFV integrase inhibitors.

(i) A method for the inhibition of HFV protease in a subject in need thereof which comprises administering to the subject an effective amount of a compound of Formula A or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

(j) A method for the prophylaxis or treatment of infection by HFV (e.g., HFV-I) in a subject in need thereof which comprises administering to the subject an effective amount of a compound of Formula A or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. (k) The method of (j), wherein the compound of Formula A is administered in combination with an effective amount of at least one other HFV antiviral selected from the group consisting of HFV protease inhibitors, HFV reverse transcriptase inhibitors, HFV integrase inhibitors, HFV fusion inhibitors, HFV entry inhibitors, and HTV maturation inhibitors.

(1) The method of (k), wherein the at least one other HFV antiviral is selected from the group consisting of HFV reverse transcriptase inhibitors and HFV integrase inhibitors.

(m) A method for the prophylaxis, treatment or delay in the onset or progression of AIDS in a subject in need thereof which comprises administering to the subject an effective amount of a compound of Formula A or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

(n) The method of (m), wherein the compound is administered in combination with an effective amount of at least one other HFV antiviral, selected from the group consisting of HFV protease inhibitors, HFV reverse transcriptase inhibitors, HFV integrase inhibitors, HFV fusion inhibitors, HFV entry inhibitors, and HFV maturation inhibitors.

(o) The method of (n), wherein the at least one other HTV antiviral is selected from the group consisting of HFV reverse transcriptase inhibitors and HFV integrase inhibitors. (p) A method for the inhibition of HFV protease in a subject in need thereof which comprises administering to the subject the pharmaceutical composition of (a), (b), (c) or (d) or the combination of (e) or (f). (q) A method for the prophylaxis or treatment of infection by HIV (e.g., HTV-I) in a subject in need thereof which comprises administering to the subject the pharmaceutical composition of (a), (b), (c), (d) or (e).

(r) A method for the prophylaxis, treatment, or delay in the onset or progression of AIDS in a subject in need thereof which comprises administering to the subject the pharmaceutical composition of (a), (b), (c), (d) or (e).

The present invention also includes a compound of Formula A, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, (i) for use in, (ii) for use as a medicament for, or (iii) for use in the manufacture/preparation of a medicament for: (a) therapy (e.g., of the human body), (b) medicine, (c) inhibition of HFV protease, (d) treatment or prophylaxis of infection by HIV, or (e) treatment, prophylaxis of, or delay in the onset or progression of AIDS. In these uses, the compounds of the present invention can optionally be employed in combination with one or more other anti-HIV agents selected from HIV antiviral agents, anti-infective agents, and immunomodulators. Additional embodiments of the invention include the pharmaceutical compositions, combinations and methods set forth in (a)-(r) above and the uses (i)(a)-(e) through (iii)(a)-(e) set forth in the preceding paragraph, wherein the compound of the present invention employed therein is a compound of one of the embodiments, aspects, classes or subclasses described above. In all of these embodiments etc., the compound can optionally be used in the form of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt.

Additional embodiments of the present invention include each of the pharmaceutical compositions, combinations, methods and uses set forth in the preceding paragraphs, wherein the compound of the present invention or its salt employed therein is substantially pure. With respect to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of Formula A or a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and optionally one or more excipients, it is understood that the term "substantially pure" is in reference to a compound of Formula A or its salt per se.

As used herein, the term "alkyl" refers to a monovalent straight or branched chain, saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having a number of carbon atoms in the specified range. Thus, for example, "C 1-6 alkyl" (or "Ci-C6 alkyl") refers to any of the hexyl alkyl and pentyl alkyl isomers as well as n-, iso-, sec- and t-butyl, n- and iso- propyl, ethyl and methyl. As another example, "Ci -4 alkyl" refers to n-, iso-, sec- and t-butyl, n- and isopropyl, ethyl and methyl. As another example, "C 1.3 alkyl" refers to n-propyl, isopropyl, ethyl and methyl. The term "alkylene" refers to any divalent linear or branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having a number of carbon atoms in the specified range. Thus, for example, "-Ci _6 alkylene-" refers to any of the Cl to Cfi linear or branched alkylenes, and "-Ci .4 alkylene-" refers to any of the Cl to C4 linear or branched alkylenes. A class of alkylenes of interest with respect to the invention is -(CH2)l-6-_> and sub-classes of particular interest include -(CH2)l-4-, -(CH2)2-4-, -(CH2)l-3-, -(CH2)2-3-, -(CH2)l-2-. and -CH2-. Another sub-class of interest is an alkylene selected from the group consisting of -CH2-, -CH(CH3)-, and -C(CH3)2-.

The term "cycloalkyl" refers to any monocyclic ring of an alkane having a number of carbon atoms in the specified range. Thus, for example, "C3.6 cycloalkyl" (or "C3-C6 cycloalkyl") refers to cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, and cyclohexyl, and "C3_5 cycloalkyl" refers to cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, and cyclopentyl.

The term "halogen" (or "halo") refers to fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine (alternatively referred to as fluoro, chloro, bromo, and iodo).

The term "haloalkyl" refers to an alkyl group as defined above in which one or more of the hydrogen atoms have been replaced with a halogen (i.e., F, Cl, Br and/or I). Thus, for example, "Ci -6 haloalkyl" (or "C1-C6 haloalkyl") refers to a Cl to Ce linear or branched alkyl group as defined above with one or more halogen substituents. The term "fiuoroalkyl" has an analogous meaning except that the halogen substituents are restricted to fluoro. Suitable fluoroalkyls include the series (CH2)θ-4CF3 (i.e., trifluoromethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 3,3,3- trifluoro-n-propyl, etc.). A fiuoroalkyl of particular interest is CF3.

The term "C(O)" refers to carbonyl. The terms "S(O)2" and "SO2" each refer to sulfonyl. The term "S(O)" refers to sulfinyl.

An asterisk ("*") as the end of an open bond in a chemical group denotes the point of attachment of the group to the rest of the compound. The term "aryl" refers to phenyl and naphthyl. The aryl of particular interest is phenyl.

The term "heteroaryl" refers to (i) a 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic ring containing from 1 to 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O and S, or (ii) is a heterobicyclic ring selected from quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, and quinoxalinyl Suitable 5- and 6- membered heteroaromatic rings include, for example, pyridyl (also referred to as pyridinyl), pyrrolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, thienyl, furanyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxazolyl, isooxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, oxatriazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, and thiadiazolyl. Heteroaryls of particular interest are pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, quinolinyl (or quinolyl), isoquinolinyl (or isoquinolyl), and quinoxalinyl. Examples of 4- to 7-membered, saturated heterocyclic rings within the scope of this invention include, for example, azetidinyl, piperidinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, thiazolidinyl, isothiazolidinyl, oxazolidinyl, isoxazolidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, imidazolidinyl, piperazinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydrothienyl, pyrazolidinyl, hexahydropyrimidinyl, thiazinanyl, thiazepanyl, azepanyl, diazepanyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, and dioxanyl. Examples of 4- to 7-membered, unsaturated heterocyclic rings within the scope of this invention (see HetB) include mono-unsaturated heterocyclic rings corresponding to the saturated heterocyclic rings listed in the preceding sentence in which a single bond is replaced with a double bond (e.g., a carbon-carbon single bond is replaced with a carbon-carbon double bond). It is understood that the specific rings listed above are not a limitation on the rings which can be used in the present invention. These rings are merely representative.

Unless expressly stated to the contrary in a particular context, any of the various cyclic rings and ring systems described herein may be attached to the rest of the compound at any ring atom (i.e., any carbon atom or any heteroatom) provided that a stable compound results.

Unless expressly stated to the contrary, all ranges cited herein are inclusive. For example, a heteroaromatic ring described as containing from "1 to 4 heteroatoms" means the ring can contain 1 , 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms. It is also understood that any range cited herein includes within its scope all of the sub-ranges within that range. Thus, for example, a heterocyclic ring described as containing from "1 to 4 heteroatoms" is intended to include as aspects thereof, heterocyclic rings containing 2 to 4 heteroatoms, 3 or 4 heteroatoms, 1 to 3 heteroatoms, 2 or 3 heteroatoms, 1 or 2 heteroatoms, 1 heteroatom, 2 heteroatoms, 3 heteroatoms, and 4 heteroatoms. As another example, an aryl or heteroaryl described as optionally substituted with "from 1 to 4 substituents" is intended to include as aspects thereof, an aryl or heteroaryl substituted with 1 to 4 substituents, 2 to 4 substituents, 3 to 4 substituents, 4 substituents, 1 to 3 substituents, 2 to 3 substituents, 3 substituents, 1 to 2 substituents, 2 substituents, and 1 substituent.

When any variable (e.g., XA or XB) occurs more than one time in any constituent or in Formula A or in any other formula depicting and describing compounds of the present invention, its definition on each occurrence is independent of its definition at every other occurrence. Also, combinations of substituents and/or variables are permissible only if such combinations result in stable compounds.

Unless expressly stated to the contrary, substitution by a named substituent is permitted on any atom in a ring (e.g., cycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl) provided such ring substitution is chemically allowed and results in a stable compound. The compounds of the invention contain chiral centers and, as a result of the selection of substituents and substituent patterns, can contain additional chiral centers, and thus can occur as mixtures of stereoisomers, or as individual diastereomers, or enantiomers. All isomeric forms of these compounds, whether individually or in mixtures, are within the scope of the present invention. To the extent substituents and substituent patterns provide for the existence of tautomers (e.g., keto-enol tautomers) in the compounds of the invention, all tautomeric forms of these compounds, whether present individually or in mixtures, are within the scope of the present invention. Compounds of the present invention having a hydroxy substituent on a carbon atom of a heteroaromatic ring are understood to include compounds in which only the hydroxy is present, compounds in which only the tautomeric keto form (i.e., an oxo substitutent) is present, and compounds in which the keto and enol forms are both present.

A "stable" compound is a compound which can be prepared and isolated and whose structure and properties remain or can be caused to remain essentially unchanged for a period of time sufficient to allow use of the compound for the purposes described herein (e.g., therapeutic or prophylactic administration to a subject). The compounds of the present invention are limited to stable compounds embraced by Formula A.

The methods of the present invention involve the use of compounds of the present invention in the inhibition of HTV protease (e.g., wild type HTV-I and/or mutant strains thereof), the prophylaxis or treatment of infection by human immunodeficiency virus (HTV) and the prophylaxis, treatment or delay in the onset or progression of consequent pathological conditions such as AIDS. Prophylaxis of AIDS, treating ATDS, delaying the onset or progression of AIDS, or treating or prophylaxis of infection by HTV is defined as including, but not limited to, treatment of a wide range of states of HTV infection: AIDS, ARC (AIDS related complex), both symptomatic and asymptomatic, and actual or potential exposure to HTV. For example, the present invention can be employed to treat infection by HTV after suspected past exposure to HTV by such means as blood transfusion, exchange of body fluids, bites, accidental needle stick, or exposure to patient blood during surgery. The compounds can be administered in the form of pharmaceutically acceptable salts. The term "pharmaceutically acceptable salt" refers to a salt which possesses the effectiveness of the parent compound and which is not biologically or otherwise undesirable (e.g., is neither toxic nor otherwise deleterious to the recipient thereof). Suitable salts include acid addition salts which may, for example, be formed by mixing a solution of the compound of the present invention with a solution of a pharmaceutically acceptable acid such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, acetic acid, or benzoic acid. When compounds employed in the present invention carry an acidic moiety (e.g., -COOH or a phenolic group), suitable pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof can include alkali metal salts (e.g., sodium or potassium salts), alkaline earth metal salts (e.g., calcium or magnesium salts), and salts formed with suitable organic ligands such as quaternary ammonium salts.

The term "administration" and variants thereof (e.g., "administering" a compound) in reference to a compound of Formula A mean providing the compound to the individual in need of treatment or prophylaxis. When a compound is provided in combination with one or more other active agents (e.g., antiviral agents useful for treating or prophylaxis of HtV infection or AIDS), "administration" and its variants are each understood to include provision of the compound and other agents at the same time or at different times. When the agents of a combination are administered at the same time, they can be administered together in a single composition or they can be administered separately.

As used herein, the term "composition" is intended to encompass a product comprising the specified ingredients, as well as any product which results, directly or indirectly, from combining the specified ingredients. By "pharmaceutically acceptable" is meant that the ingredients of the pharmaceutical composition must be compatible with each other and not deleterious to the recipient thereof.

The term "subject" as used herein refers to an animal, preferably a mammal, most preferably a human, who has been the object of treatment, observation or experiment.

The term "effective amount" as used herein means that amount of active compound or pharmaceutical agent that elicits the biological or medicinal response in a tissue, system, animal or human that is being sought by a researcher, veterinarian, medical doctor or other clinician, hi one embodiment, the effective amount is a "therapeutically effective amount" for the alleviation of the symptoms of the disease or condition being treated, hi another embodiment, the effective amount is a "prophylactically effective amount" for prophylaxis of the symptoms of the disease or condition being prevented. The term also includes herein the amount of active compound sufficient to inhibit HTV protease (wild type and/or mutant strains thereof) and thereby elicit the response being sought (i.e., an "inhibition effective amount"). When the active compound (i.e., active ingredient) is administered as the salt, references to the amount of active ingredient are to the free form (i.e., the non-salt form) of the compound.

In the methods of the present invention (i.e., inhibiting HFV protease, treating or prophylaxis of HIV infection or treating, prophylaxis of, or delaying the onset or progression of AIDS), the compounds of Formula A, optionally in the form of a salt, can be administered by any means that produces contact of the active agent with the agent's site of action. They can be administered by any conventional means available for use in conjunction with pharmaceuticals, either as individual therapeutic agents or in a combination of therapeutic agents. They can be administered alone, but typically are administered with a pharmaceutical carrier selected on the basis of the chosen route of administration and standard pharmaceutical practice. The compounds of the invention can, for example, be administered orally, parenterally (including subcutaneous injections, intravenous, intramuscular, intrasternal injection or infusion techniques), by inhalation spray, or rectally, in the form of a unit dosage of a pharmaceutical composition containing an effective amount of the compound and conventional non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, adjuvants and vehicles. Liquid preparations suitable for oral administration (e.g., suspensions, syrups, elixirs and the like) can be prepared according to techniques known in the art and can employ any of the usual media such as water, glycols, oils, alcohols and the like. Solid preparations suitable for oral administration (e.g., powders, pills, capsules and tablets) can be prepared according to techniques known in the art and can employ such solid excipients as starches, sugars, kaolin, lubricants, binders, disintegrating agents and the like. Parenteral compositions can be prepared according to techniques known in the art and typically employ sterile water as a carrier and optionally other ingredients, such as a solubility aid. Injectable solutions can be prepared according to methods known in the art wherein the carrier comprises a saline solution, a glucose solution or a solution containing a mixture of saline and glucose. Further description of methods suitable for use in preparing pharmaceutical compositions for use in the present invention and of ingredients suitable for use in said compositions is provided in Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, 18^th edition, edited by A. R. Gennaro, Mack Publishing Co., 1990 and in Remington - The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 21 st edition, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2005.

The compounds of Formula A can be administered orally in a dosage range of 0.001 to 1000 mg/kg of mammal (e.g., human) body weight per day in a single dose or in divided doses. One preferred dosage range is 0.01 to 500 mg/kg body weight per day orally in a single dose or in divided doses. Another preferred dosage range is 0.1 to 100 mg/kg body weight per day orally in single or divided doses. For oral administration, the compositions can be provided in the form of tablets or capsules containing 1.0 to 500 milligrams of the active ingredient, particularly 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 400, and 500 milligrams of the active ingredient for the symptomatic adjustment of the dosage to the patient to be treated. The specific dose level and frequency of dosage for any particular patient may be varied and will depend upon a variety of factors including the activity of the specific compound employed, the metabolic stability and length of action of that compound, the age, body weight, general health, sex, diet, mode and time of administration, rate of excretion, drug combination, the severity of the particular condition, and the host undergoing therapy.

As noted above, the present invention is also directed to use of a compound of Formula A with one or more anti-HTV agents. An "anti-HTV agent" is any agent which is directly or indirectly effective in the inhibition of HIV reverse transcriptase, protease, or another enzyme required for HTV replication or infection, the treatment or prophylaxis of HTV infection, and/or the treatment, prophylaxis or delay in the onset or progression of AIDS. It is understood that an anti-HTV agent is effective in treating, preventing, or delaying the onset or progression of HIV infection or AIDS and/or diseases or conditions arising therefrom or associated therewith. For example, the compounds of this invention may be effectively administered, whether at periods of pre-exposure and/or post-exposure, in combination with effective amounts of one or more anti- HTV agents selected from HTV antiviral agents, imunomodulators, antiinfectives, or vaccines useful for treating HTV infection or AIDS, such as those disclosed in Table 1 of WO 01/38332 or in the Table in WO 02/30930. Suitable HTV antivirals for use in combination with the compounds of the present invention include, for example, those listed in Table A as follows: Table A - Antiviral Agents for Treating HTV infection or AIDS

EI = entry inhibitor; FI = fusion inhibitor; InI = integrase inhibitor; PI = protease inhibitor; nRTI = nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; nnRTI = non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Some of the drugs listed in the table are used in a salt form; e.g., abacavir sulfate, indinavir sulfate, atazanavir sulfate, nelfinavir mesylate. It is understood that the scope of combinations of the compounds of this invention with anti-HTV agents is not limited to the HTV antivirals listed in Table A and/or listed in the above-referenced Tables in WO 01/38332 and WO 02/30930, but includes in principle any combination with any pharmaceutical composition useful for the treatment or prophylaxis of AIDS. The HTV antiviral agents and other agents will typically be employed in these combinations in their conventional dosage ranges and regimens as reported in the art, including, for example, the dosages described in the Physicians' Desk Reference, Thomson PDR, Thomson PDR, 57^th edition (2003), the 58^th edition (2004), or the 59^th edition (2005). The dosage ranges for a compound of the invention in these combinations are the same as those set forth above.

The compounds of this invention are also useful in the preparation and execution of screening assays for antiviral compounds. For example, the compounds of this invention are useful for isolating enzyme mutants, which are excellent screening tools for more powerful antiviral compounds. Furthermore, the compounds of this invention are useful in establishing or determining the binding site of other antivirals to HIV protease, e.g., by competitive inhibition. Thus the compounds of this invention are commercial products to be sold for these purposes.

Abbreviations which may have been employed herein include the following: Bn = benzyl; BOC (or Boc) = t-butyloxycarbonyl; Boc2θ = di-t-butyl carbonate; BOP = benzotriazol-l-yloxytris-(dimethylamino)phosphonium; BSA = bovine serum albumin; CBS = Corey, Bakshi, Shibata chiral oxazaborolidine mediated ketone reduction; Cbz = benzyloxycarbonyl; DBU = l,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-one; DCAD = di-(4-chlorobenzyl) azodicarboxylate; DCE = 1,2-dichloroethane; DCM = dichloromethane; DEAD = diethyl azodicarboxylate; DIAD = diisopropylazodicarboxylate; Dibal-H = diisobutylaluminum hydride; DMAP = 4-dimethylaminopyridine; DMF = dimethylformamide; DMSO = dimethyl sulfoxide; EDC = l-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide; Et = ethyl; EtOAc = ethyl acetate; EtOH = ethanol; G-2G = Grubbs catalyst, 2^nd generation; HOAt = l-hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole; HPLC = high performance liquid chromatography; HSU = hydroxysuccinimide; i-PrOH = isopropanol; LAH = lithium aluminum hydride; LC-MS = liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy;Me = methyl; MeOH = methanol; MOC = methoxycarbonyl; Ms = mesyl or methanesulfonyl; NMR = nuclear magnetic resonance; Ph = phenyl; RCM = ring closing metathesis; Pv = pivaloyl; PPTS = pyridinium p-toluene sulfonate; PyBrOP = bromo-tris- pyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate; SCX = strong cation exchange resin; STP = standard temperature and pressure; i.e., 25°C & 1 atmosphere; TBS = tert-butyldimethylsilyl; TBDPS = tert-butyl(diphenyl) silyl; TBDPSCl = teit-butyl(dimethyl)silyl chloride; TEA = triethylamine; TFA = trifluoroacetic acid; THF = tetrahydrofuran; TLC = thin layer chromatography; TMAF = tetramethyl ammonium fluoride; TMSCHN2 = trimethylsilyl diazomethane; TPAP = tetrapropylammonium perruthenate; TPP = triphenylphosphine. The compounds of the present invention can be readily prepared according to the following reaction schemes and examples, or modifications thereof, using readily available starting materials, reagents and conventional synthesis procedures. In these reactions, it is also possible to make use of variants which are themselves known to those of ordinary skill in this art, but are not mentioned in greater detail. Furthermore, other methods for preparing compounds of the invention will be readily apparent to the person of ordinary skill in the art in light of the following reaction schemes and examples. Unless otherwise indicated, all variables are as defined above. The term "Ar" appears in several of the schemes and refers to phenyl optionally substituted with one or more X A.

Scheme A depicts the synthesis of alkylated lysine amine compounds of the invention, wherein carbamate protected amine Al can be sulfonylated by reaction with an appropriate arylsulfonyl halide to provide A2 which can then be alkylated with an appropriate substituted alcohol using TPP and an azodicarboxylate to provide A3. Intermediate A3 can be deprotected by treatment with hydrogen in the presence of a palladium catalyst to afford amine A4, which can then be coupled to an appropriately substituted amino acid to provide amide A5 via a conventional amidation method such as treating with BOP. The ester group of A5 can be saponified with an hydroxyl base (e.g., NaOH or KOH) to give carboxylic acid A6 which, in turn can be converted to amide A7 using an amide bond forming reagent such as BOP. The amide functional group in A7 can then be reduced (e.g., treatment with a borane reducing agent) to provide desired compound A8. Scheme A:

reduction

A7 A8

Scheme A' depicts a method for synthesizing alkylated lysinol compounds of the invention, wherein the ester group in intermediate A5 can be reduced (e.g., by treatment with a metal hydride such as lithium borohydride) to provide desired alcohol A9. Scheme A':

Scheme A" depicts a method for synthesizing a secondary lysinol or a lysine carbinamine of the present invention, wherein compounds of type A9 can be oxidized to aldehydes AlO with the appropriate R7 group for the amine (R7 = carbamate, carbonyl, sulfonyl etc.). A suitable oxidation method utilizes a sulfur trioxide-pyridine complex in the manner described in Parikh & Doering, J. Am. Chem. Soc 1967, 89: 5505. AlO can be treated with an organometal-derived nucleophile such as methyl magnesium bromide or methyl lithium to afford desired compound All.

Also depicted in Scheme A" is the reaction of aldehyde intermediate AlO with Ellman sulf namide to obtain the corresponding sulfinamine derivative (Ellman et al, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 1967, 120, 8011-8012), which can then be treated with an organometallic nucleophile (identified as RJ-M in the scheme) and then with acid to remove the chiral auxiliary and afford desired compound A12. Scheme A":

A9 oxidation

A12

Scheme B depicts an alternative synthesis of alkyl-substituted lysinol compounds of the invention, wherein an appropriately substituted olefϊnic amino acid Bl can be protected with Boc anhydride and converted to amide B2 using an amide bond forming reagent such as EDC or BOP reagent and an appropriate amine such as an unsubstituted or substituted allyl amine. The Boc protecting group can be removed under acidic conditions and the resulting amine can be sulfonylated with an appropriate arylsulfonyl halide in the presence of a base scavenger such as a tertiary amine (e.g., TEA), a hydroxide (e.g., NaOH), or a carbonate (e.g., sodium bicarbonate) to give B3. The sulfonylamino nitrogen in B3 can be alkylated by reaction with an RQ bearing alkyl alcohol under standard Mitsunobu conditions, and B3 can then be treated with Boc2θ/DMAP to afford B4 (see Brass et al., Tetrahedron 2006, 1777). Diene B4 can be converted to lactam B5 using standard reagents (e.g., a second generation Grubbs catalyst) that effect a ring closing metathesis reaction. Lactam B5 can be reduced (e.g., with a borohydride reagent in an alcoholic solvent) to give B6, which can subsequently be hydrogenated and deprotected under acidic conditions (e.g., HCl) to afford amino alcohol B7. The amino group in B7 can then be coupled with an appropriately substituted amino acid to afford the desired amide B8. Scheme B:

kyl]

Scheme C depicts another synthesis of alkylated lysinol compounds of the invention, wherein an appropriately substituted olefϊnic amino acid Cl can be sulfonylated with an appropriate arylsulfonyl halide in the presence of a base scavenger such as a tertiary amine (e.g., TEA), a hydroxide (e.g., NaOH), or a carbonate (e.g., sodium bicarbonate) to give C2. Sulfonamide C2 can be alkylated with an appropriate alcohol in the presence of TPP and an azodicarboxylate using Mitsunobu conditions and then saponified with an hydroxyl base such as NaOH or KOH to give intermediate C4. Compound C4 can be coupled with an olefinic amine using an amide bond forming reagent such as BOP to afford amide C5. The diene in C5 can be converted to lactam C6 using standard reagents that effect a ring closing metathesis reaction such as a second generation Grubbs catalyst. The lactam protecting group can be removed by subjecting C6 to strongly acidic conditions, and then the double bond can be reduced using standard hydrogenation conditions (e.g, Pd on carbon or Pd(OH)2 on carbon with hydrogen gas) to give C7. Lactam C7 can then be treated with Boc anhydride and the Boc-protected lactam subjected to reductive ring opening by reaction with a borohydride reagent in an alcoholic solvent such as methanol or ethanol to afford C8. Deprotection of C8 by treatment with an acid such as TFA, followed by coupling with an appropriately substituted amino acid derivative can provide the desired compound C9. Scheme C:

Scheme D depicts another synthesis of alkylated lysinol compounds of the invention, wherein an appropriately protected glutamic acid derivative such as Dl can be esterified and Boc protected to give fully protected glutamate derivative D2. Glutamate derivative D2 can be selectively reduced using an appropriate reducing agent such as diisobutylaluminum hydride to provide aldehyde D3 which can undergo a Henry reaction (see, e.g., Comp. Org. Syn. 1991, 2: 321) by treatment with an appropriately substituted nitroalkyl group and a catalytic base such as tetramethylguanidine. The resulting Henry adduct can be activated with a reagent such as mesyl chloride and then treated with an amine base such as TEA to provide D4. The double bond in D4 can be reduced by hydrogenation in the presence of a Pd source to afford amino acid D5, which can be sequentially protected and deprotected by treatment with an amino protecting agent such as Cbz chloride followed by treatment with alcoholic HCl to provide D6. D6 can be sulfonylated with a suitable arylsulfonyl halide in the presence of a base to provide D7, which can then be alkylated to afford D8 with an appropriately substituted alcohol under Mitsunobu alkylation conditions using TPP and an azodicarboxylate. Intermediate D8 can then be deprotected using hydrogen and a palladium catalyst to provide an amine which can be coupled to an appropriately substituted amino acid derivative to afford D9, which can then be reduced to provide the desired DlO. Chiral separation can provide all stereoisomers which can be identified by enzymatic inhibition evaluation. Absolute assignment of stereochemistry at the R₅ bearing epsilon center can be obtained by cocrystallization with HIV protease.

Alternatively, amine D5 can be coupled directly to an appropriately substituted amino acid derivative to provide intermediate DIl, after concomitant Boc removal and esterification. Sulfonylation with a suitable arylsulfonyl halide in the presence of a base provides sulfonamide D 12 at which point the diasteroisomers at the R5 bearing epsilon center can be separated by flash chromatography. The desired isomer (R5 being alpha, as shown on D12) can be identified by conversion of both diatereoisomers to the final compounds D 13, using Mistunobu alkylation, nitro and ester reduction as described above, and enzymatic inhibition evaluation on both diastereoisomers. Absolute assignment of stereochemistry at the R5 bearing epsilon center can be obtained by cocrystallization with HTV protease. Scheme D:

reduction

D9 D10

1. R₁OH, Mitsunobu

2. H₂ nitro reduction

3. ester reduction

D12 D13

Scheme E depicts a first method used to introduce the R.5 substituent with control of diastereoselectivity. Boc lysine El is converted to the corresponding bis-Boc intermediate on which the ester can be reduced and the resulting alcohol protected as a silyl ether to provide intermediate E2. Selective Ruθ4 mediated oxidation, alpha to the terminal NHBoc, according to Tetrahedron Lett. 1998, 39, 5671, followed by reduction of the resulting imide provides alcohol E3. Protection of the terminal hydroxyl group as a pivalate or benzyl ether allows for subsequent alkylation of the NHBoc group with a Rl containing halide, to provide intermediate E4. Pivalate or benzyl ether removal followed by oxidation of the resulting primary alcohol to the corresponding aldehyde, and its conversion to the corresponding diastereomerically pure Ellman sulfinimide of choice affords intermediate E5. Diastereoselective introduction of the R5 group can be achieved by addition of a R.5 containing Grignard regent to the Ellman sulfϊnimide functionality. Treatment with a controlled amount of HCl in MeOH affords the amino-alcohol E6. Coupling of an appropriately substituted amino acid derivative, followed by Boc removal and sulfonylation provides the desired compounds of type E7. Reduction of nitro or ester functionalities on the Ar group can also be performed at this stage if necessary. Scheme E:

HCI H₂N

1. remove P^G2

BocHN (red or H₂)

2. oxidation

E3 3. Ellman sulfimine

E6

P^G1 = first protective group P^G2 = second protective group X = Cl, Br, I

or carbonylation/reduction)

Scheme F depicts the utilization of cross metathesis methodology to introduce the substituted lysine side chain and the utilization of diastereoselective reduction of Ellman sulfϊnimide to control the stereochemistry at the R5 bearing center. Allyl glycine is converted to the corresponding methyl or ethyl ester and then sulfonylated and alkylated under Mistunobu conditions to provide intermediate F2. Cross metathesis (see Handbook of Metathesis; Grubbs, R. H., Ed.; Wiley- VCH: Weinheim, 2003) with a R5 bearing crotyl ketone and using Grubbs 2^nd generation catalyst affords, after hydrogenation of the double bond and nitro group, ketone F3. Conversion to the corresponding diastereomerically pure Ellman sulfinimide of choice followed by diastereoselective reduction and Ellman group removal under acidic conditions affords amine F4. Coupling of an appropriately substituted amino acid derivative and reduction of the ester group leads to the desired products of type F5. Scheme F:

1. couple

2. reducti

F5

Scheme G depicts a variation around the methodology described in Scheme F that allows for the later introduction of the aryl sulfonamide and Rl groups. Allyl glycine is converted to the Boc ester derivative G2 which is in turn converted to the ketone G3 via olefin cross metathesis and then the amine G4 in a similar manner as described earlier in Scheme F. Coupling of an appropriately substituted amino acid derivative and Boc removal provides intermediate G5 which is ready for sulfonylation and Mitsunobu alkylation to ultimately afford desired compounds of type G6 after ester reduction. Scheme G:

4. CO₂Et reduction

Scheme H depicts a variation around the methodology described in scheme G that allows for the introduction of CF3 or CF2-alkyl groups at the R.5 position. Aldehyde H2 is prepared using methodology described in Schemes F and G, after which Ellman sufinimide is prepared as described before, and can then be treated with CF3-TMS and a fluoride source to afford a diastereoselective anti addition of a CF3 group, which, after HCl/MeOH treatment affords amine H3. Coupling of an appropriately substituted amino acid derivative followed by Mitsunobu alkylation, nitro and ester reduction provides the desired compounds of type H4. Scheme H:

Scheme I depicts yet another approach to the preparation of ketones of type 12. Cyclic imide Il can be converted to its corresponding ester-Boc-imide which can in turn be regioselectively opened by the addition of a R.5 containing Grignard to afford ketone 12. The conversion of ketone 12 to the desired product of type 15 proceeds as described earlier in scheme G. Scheme I:

BocHN

In Part 1 of Scheme J an alternative strategy is depicted that provides access aldehyde intermediates as precursors of Ellman sulfinimides. Amino-acid Jl (commercially available) is converted to benzyl ether J2 via esterification, sulfonylation and Mitsunobu alkylation. Concomitant reduction of both methyl esters and protection of the resulting alcohols as silyl ethers allows for the selective hydrogenolysis of the terminal benzyl ether which can then be oxidized to the corresponding aldehyde J3. At this point the Ellman sulfinimide can be prepared and treated with either R.5 containing Grignard or CF3-TMS and a fluoride source to allow for the diastereoselective introduction of the R₅ group. Acidic deprotection of the sulfimine group and the silyl ethers, and coupling of an appropriately substituted amino acid derivative affords desired products of type J4. Part 2 of Scheme J, a modified version of Part 1, depicts the preparation of branched benzyl alcohol derivatives of type J7. Preparation of acetophenones of type J5 is conducted utilizing similar methodology to that just described for the conversion of Jl to J2. The acetophenone group can be diastereoselectively reduced using Corey's CBS methodology (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 5551-5553 and 7925-7926) and protected as the corresponding silyl ether. At this point the ester is reduced and protected as the corresponding silyl ether, and then the terminal alcohol is deprotected and oxidized to the aldehyde intermediate J6. Conversion to desired product of type J7 follows the same methodology as just described for the conversion of J3 to 34. Scheme J: Part i :

HoN

Part 2

[R^A = alkyl]

Scheme K depicts a combination of methodologies utilized in schemes F and J. Allyl glycine is converted to the bis ester K2 which can be reduced and protected as the bis silyl ether K3. Olefin cross metathesis (Handbook of Metathesis; Grubbs, R. H., Ed.; Wiley- VCH: Weinheim, 2003) with crotonaldehyde followed by hydrogenation of the double bond affords aldehydes of type K4 which in turn can be converted to desired products of type K5 by following a similar procedure as described in Scheme J. As described in Scheme J, a minor variation allows for the conversion of Kl to branched benzyl alcohols of type K9. Selective benzylic oxidation provides acetophenones of type KlO. Scheme K: Part i :

1. Ellman sulfinamine

Part 2:

Scheme L depicts the preparation of gem-disubstituted compounds of type L9: Scheme L:

1. Assym hydrogenation

2. Zn, MeOH, AcCI L6 3. BoC₂O

L5

CbZ-

4. H₂

L8

(4. Boc removal)

In compounds of Formula A in which R.2 is CH(RJ)-ORP, the RP group can be introduced using procedures similar or identical to those described in WO 2006/012725 (see, e.g., Schemes 1, IA, 2, 3, 4 and 5 in WO¹ 725).

The following examples serve only to illustrate the invention and its practice. The examples are not to be construed as limitations on the scope or spirit of the invention.

The term "room temperature" in the examples refers to the ambient temperature which was typically in the range of about 19°C to 26°C.

PREPARATIVE EXAMPLE S Intermediate 1: N-(2,4-dimethoxybenzy)-2-methylprop-2-en-l -amine

To a solution containing 5.55 g (27.3 mmol) of 2,4-dimethoxybenzylamine hydrochloride and 3.68 g (27.3 mmol) of propenyl bromide in 100 mL of DCM was added 8.0 mL (57.2 mmol) of TEA. The reaction mixture was stirred for 16 hours, diluted with 50 mL of NaHCθ3 solution and washed with DCM (3x). The organic extracts were dried, concentrated and the residue was chromatographed (95/5/0.5) DCM / MeOH / NH4OH to give the desired amine. LCMS [M+H]⁺ = 222.5. EXAMPLE Al

(2S)-2-amino-N- { 5 - [ [(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl] -(3 -methylbuty l)amino] -6-hydroxyheptyl } -3 ,3 - diphenylpropanamide

Step Al-I : tert-Butyl[(l S)-2-({(5S)-5-[[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl](3-methylbutyl)amino]-6- oxohexyl } amino)- 1 -(diphenylmethyl)-2-oxoethyl] carbamate

To a solution of tert-butyl[(l S)-2-({(5S)-5-[[4-aminoρhenyl)sulfonyl](3- methylbutyl)amino-6-hydroxyhexyl)amino)-l-(diphenylmethyl)-2-oxoethyl]carbamate (500 mg, 0.734 mmol); prepared as described in Stranix et al. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2006, 16(13): 3459) and Hunig's base (0.641 mL, 3.67 mmol) in 5 mL of DMSO and 2.6 mL of CH2CI2 at -1O⁰C was added Sθ3-Py (584 mg, 3.67 mmol) in 2.8 mL DMSO via cannula. The bath was removed, and the reaction was allowed to proceed at room temperature for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was quenched by the addition of 2M Na2S2θ3 and stirred vigorously at room temperature for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc, the layers were separated, and the organics were washed with 2M Na2S2θ3 (Ix), 3M LiCl (3x) and brine. The organics were dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (0->l 5% MeOH/CH2Cl2, linear gradient) to yield the desired product as a white solid. LCMS [M+H]+ = 679.

Step Al-2: tert-Butyl[(lS)-2-({5-[[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl](3-methylbutyl)amino]-6- hydroxyheptyl} amino)- 1 -(diphenylmethyl)-2-oxoethyl]carbamate

To a solution of the aldehyde from step Al-I (100 mg, 0.147 mmol) in 2.9 mL THF at -78⁰C was added MeMgBr (0.49 mL as a 3M solution in Et2θ, 1.47 mL). The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to -15⁰C over 2 hours, and the reaction mixture was quenched by the addition of saturated NH4CI, followed by EtOAc. The layers were separated, and the organics were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (0->15% MeOH/CH2Cl2, linear gradient) to yield the desired product as a white solid which was a 1 : 1 mixture of diastereomers by lH NMR. LCMS [M+H]⁺ = 695.

Step Al-3: (2S)-2-amino-N-{5-[[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl]-(3-methylbutyl)amino]-6- hydroxyheptyl } -3 ,3 -diphenylpropanamide

To a solution of product from step Al-2 (25 mg, 0.036 mmol) in 0.72 mL CH2CI2 was added 0.67 mL 4M HCl in dioxane. After 2 hours, the reaction mixture was concentrated, redissolved in 1 mL DMF and purified by preparative HPLC (Sunfire column, 15 mL/min) to yield the title compound as an inseparable 1 : 1 mixture of diastereomers. The lH NMR data tabulated below is for this diastereomeric mixture. lH NMR (400 MHz, d4-MeOH) δ

7.82 (m, IH), 7.50-7.43 (m, 4H), 7.39 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H), 7.32-7.21 (m, 6H), 6.74 (dd, J = 8.6, 1.5 Hz, IH), 4.52 (d, J = 11.6 Hz, IH), 4.31 (d, J = 11.7 Hz, IH), 3.69 (m, IH from one diastereomer), 3.55 (m, IH from one diastereomer), 3.44 (m, IH from 1 diastereomer), 3.33 (m, IH from 1 diastereomer), 3.17-3.00 (m, 4H), 2.71 (m, IH), 1.58-1.28 (m, 6H), 1.11 (d, J = 6.2 Hz, 3H from one diastereomer), 1.04 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 3H from one diastereomer), 0.92 (m, 2H), 0.85 (m, 6H); LCMS [M+H]+ = 595.

EXAMPLE A2

Methyl [(I S)-2-({6-amino-5-[[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl](3-methylbutyl)amino]-hexyl)amino)- 1 - (diphenylmethyl)-2-oxoethyl]carbamate

Step A2-1 : Methyl (2S)-6-{[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]amino}-2-{[(4- nitrophenyl)sulfonyl] amino } hexanoate

To a solution containing 5.0 g (17 mmol) of ester in 100 mL of DCM was added 4.7 mL (34 mmol) of triethylamine followed by 3.7 g (17 mmol) of p-nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride and the resulting mixture was allowed to stir at room temperature for 16 hours. The solution was washed with 1 N HCl (2 x 20 mL), saturated NaHCO3 (2 x 10 mL), water (10 mL), and brine (10 mL). The organic phase was dried over MgSθ4, concentrated and chromatographed (33% to 50% to 100% EtOAc/hexanes) to afford the desired product. LCMS (M+l) = 480.1.

Step A2-2: Methyl (2 S)-6- { [(benzyloxy)carbonyl] amino } -2- { (3 -methylbutyl) [(4- nitrophenyl)sulfonyl]amino}hexanoate

Sulfonamide A2-1 (1.0 g, 2.09 mmol) was dissolved in 10 mL of THF and treated sequentially with triphenylphosphine (656 mg, 2.5 mmol), isoamyl alcohol (221 mg, 2.5 mmol), and DIAD (506 mg, 2.5 mmol) and the resulting solution was allowed to stir for 72 hours at room temperature. The reaction mixture was concentrated and chromatographed (50 % EtOAc/hexanes) to afford the desired product. LCMS (M+l) = 550.2.

Step A2-3 : Methyl (2S)-6-amino-2-[[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl](3- methylbutyl)amino]hexanoate

A degassed solution containing 2.0 g (3.64 mmol) of compound A2-2 dissolved in 50 mL of MeOH was treated with 500 mg of 20% Pd(OH)2 and hydrogenated at STP for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered through Celite and evaporated to leave the desired compound. LCMS (M+l) = 386.0.

Step A2-4: Methyl 2-[[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl](3-methylbutyl)amino]-6-({(2S)-2- [(methoxycarbonyl)amino] -3 ,3-diphenylpropanoyl } amino)hexanoate

To a solution of the amine from step A2-3 (1.0 g, 2.59 mmol) and N-MoC-(S)- diphenylalanine (854 mg, 2.85 mmol) in 20 mL DCM was added diisopropylethylamine (805 mg, 6.23 mmol) and BOP reagent (1.38 g, 3.11 mmol). After 60 minutes, the reaction mixture was diluted with DCM and washed with saturated NaHCOβ The organic phase was separated, dried and evaporated. Column chromatography (80% EtOAc/hexanes) afforded the desired adduct as a white solid. LCMS (M+l) = 667.8.

Step A2-5: 2-[[(4-Aminophenyl)sulfonyl](3-methylbutyl)amino]-6-({(2S)-2- [(methoxycarbonyl)amino] -3 ,3-diphenylpropanoyl } amino)hexanoic acid

A solution containing 667 mg (1.00 mmol) of ester dissolved in 3 mL of THF and 3 mL of water was treated with 3 mL (6.0 mmol) of 2N LiOH and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. The mixture was acidified to pH=5 with IN HCl and washed with EtOAc (3 x 10 mL). The combined organics were dried over MgSθ4 and concentrated to give the desired acid. LCMS [M+H]⁺ = 653.

Step A2-6: Methyl [(lS)-2-({6-amino-5-[[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl](3-methylbutyl)amino]-6- oxohexyl } amino)- 1 -(diphenylmethyl)-2-oxoethyl]carbamate

To a solution of the carboxylic acid from step A2-5 above (65 mg, 0.10 mmol) and ammonium chloride 10.4 mg, 0.2 mmol) in 1 mL DMF was added triethylamine (0.040 mL, 0.285 mmol) and BOP reagent (88 mg, 0.200 mmol). After 30 minutes, the reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc, and the organics were washed with H2O and brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by reverse phase chromatography to afford the desired adduct was a viscous oil. LCMS [M+H]+ = 652.8.

Step A2-7: Methyl [(lS)-2-({6-amino-5-[[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl](3-methylbutyl)amino]- hexyl)amino)- 1 -(diphenylmethyl)-2-oxoethyl]carbamate

To a solution containing 50 mg (0.07 mmol) of the amide from step A2-6 above in 1 mL of THF was added 0.04 mL (0.08 mmol) of 2M borane in THF. The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours, quenched with 1 mL of MeOH and evaporated to dryness. The residue was subjected to reverse phase chromatography to afford the desired amine as a white foam. lH NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.60 - 7.58 (d, J= 9 Hz, 2H), 7.34 - 7.19 (m, 10H), 6.72 - 6.70 (d, J= 9 Hz, 2H), 5.57 (br s, IH), 5.23 - 5.21 (d, J= 8 Hz, IH), 4.81 - 4.77 (m, IH), 4.46 - 4.39 (m, 3H), 3.74 - 3.32 (m, 6H), 3.19 - 3.11 (m, 2H), 2.90 - 2.85 (m, IH), 2.68 - 2.56 (m, 3H), 1.57 - 0.86 (m, 13H), 0.57 (br s, 2H). LCMS [M+H]+= 638.8.

EXAMPLE Bl

(2S)-2-amino-N-((5S)-6-hydroxy-3-methyl-5-{(3-methylbutyl)[(4-methylphenyl)- sulfonyl] amino } hexyl)-3 ,3 -diphenylpropanamide

Step Bl-I : (2S)-2-[(tert-Butoxycarbonyl)amino]-4-methylpent-4-enoic acid

To a solution of (2S)-2-amino-4-methyl-4-pentenoic acid (500 mg, 3.87 mmol) in 13 mL dioxane and 3.9 mL 3M NaOH was added Boc2θ (887 mg, 4.06 mmol) in one portion.

The reaction was allowed to proceed at room temperature for 16 hours, then acidified to pH ~ 2 by the addition of IN HCl. The aqueous was extracted with CHCI3 (4x), the combined organics were dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated to yield the desired protected amino acid as a white solid. LCMS [M+H]+ - 230.

Step Bl-2: tert-Butyl{(l S)-I- [(allylamino)carbonyl] -3 -methylbut-3 -en- 1-yl} carbamate

To a solution of iV-Boc protected amino acid from Step Bl-I above (893 mg, 3.89 mmol) in 13 mL CHCI3 was added allylamine (0.35 mL, 4.67 mmol), followed by EDC-HCl

(896 mg, 4.67 mmol) and HOAt (53 mg, 0.389 mmol). The reaction was allowed to proceed at room temperature for 16 hours, then diluted with EtOAc. The organics were washed with IN H HCl, saturated aqueous NaHCθ3 and brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated to obtain the desired coupled adduct as a white solid, which was used without further purification. LCMS [M+H]+ = 269.

Step B 1-3: (2S)-N- Allyl-4-methyl-2-amino-4-methylpent-4-enamide

Adduct from Step B 1 -2 was dissolved in 17 mL EtOAc and cooled to 0⁰C. HCl gas was bubbled through the reaction for 5 minutes, and the reaction mixture was warmed to room temperature for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was cooled back to O⁰C, and HCl gas was bubbled through the reaction again for 2 minutes. The reaction mixture was warmed to room temperature for 1 hour and concentrated to afford the desired product as a white solid. LCMS [M+H]+ = 169.

Step B 1 -4 : (2S)-N- Allyl-4-methyl-2- { [(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl] amino } pent-4-enamide

To a solution of product from Step B 1-3 (610 mg, 2.98 mmol) in 15 mL CH2CI2 was added triethylamine (0.831 mL, 5.96 mmol). Tosyl chloride (568 mg, 2.98 mmol) was added in one portion, and the reaction was allowed to proceed at room temperature for 36 hours. The reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc and the organics were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified using silica gel chromatography

(10->65% EtOAc/hexanes, linear gradient) to obtain the desired product as a viscous oil. LCMS [M+H]+ = 323.

Step Bl-5: (2S)-N-Allyl-4-methyl-2-{(3-methylbutyl)[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl]amino}pent- 4-enamide

To a solution of product from Step Bl-5 (546 mg, 1.69 mmol) in 5.6 mL THF was added 3-methylbutanol (0.26 mL, 2.37 mmol), PI13P (622 mg, 2.37 mmol) and DIAD (0.46 mL, 2.37 mmol) in that order. The reaction was allowed to proceed at room temperature for 3 hours, then concentrated, and the residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (0->20% EtOAc/hexanes, linear gradient) to yield the desired product as a white solid. LCMS [M+H]⁺ = 393.

Step Bl-6: tert-Butyl allyl((2S)-4-methyl-2-{(3-methylbutyl)[(4- methylphenyl)sulfonyl]amino}pent-4-enoyl)carbamate

To a solution of amide from Step Bl-5 (173 mg, 0.441 mmol) in 2.2 mL CH3CN was added Boc2θ (289 mg, 1.32 mmol) and DMAP (162 mg, 1.32 mmol). After 45 minutes, the reaction mixture was concentrated and purified by silica gel chromatography (0->15% EtOAc/hexanes, linear gradient) to obtain the desired product as a viscous oil. LCMS [M+H]⁺ = 493.

Step Bl-7: tert-Butyl (3S)-5-methyl-3-{(3-methylbutyl)[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl]amino}-2- oxo-2,3,4,7-tetrahydro- 1 H-azepine- 1 -carboxylate

To a solution of diene from Step B 1-6 (122 mg, 0.248 mmol) in 4 mL degassed

CH2CI2 was added Grubbs 2^nd generation metathesis catalyst (14.7 mg, 0.017 mmol) {Handbook of Metathesis; Grubbs, R. H., Ed.; Wiley- VCH: Weinheim, 2003; Diedrich, Tetrahedron Lett. 2006, 62, 1777-1786) in 1 mL degassed CH2CI2. The reaction mixture was heated to 40 ⁰C for 2 hours, then cooled to room temperature and purified directly via silica gel chromatography (0->20% EtOAc/hexanes, linear gradient) to afford the desired lactam B-7 as a white solid. LCMS [M+H]+ = 465.

Step B 1 -8: tert-Butyl ((5S)-6-hydroxy-3-methyl-5-{(3-methylbutyl)[(4- methylphenyl)sulfonyl]amino}hex-2-en-l-yl)carbamate

NHBoc

To a solution of lactam from Step Bl-7 above (49 mg, 0.105 mmol) in 2.1 mL EtOH was added NaBH4 (16 mg, 0.422 mmol) in one portion. The reaction was allowed to proceed at room temperature for 16 hours then diluted with EtOAc. The organics were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (5->30% EtOAc/hexanes, linear gradient) to afford the desired product as a viscous oil. LCMS [M+H]+ = 469. Step Bl-9: tert-Butyl ((5S)-6-hydroxy-3-methyl-5-{(3-methylbutyl)[(4- methylphenyl)sulfonyl]amino}hexyl)carbamate

NHBoc

To a solution of product from Step Bl-8 (35 mg, 0.075 mmol) in 1.5 mL EtOH was added 20% Pd(OH)2 on carbon (5.2 mg, 7.47 μmol). A hydrogen balloon was attached, and the reaction mixture was evacuated/opened to hydrogen (3x). After 3 hours, the vessel was evacuated/refilled with argon (3x), then filtered through a pad of Celite, rinsing with EtOAc. The combined filtrates were concentrated to afford the desired 4-methyl lysine derivative as a viscous oil and as a 1 :1 mixture of diastereomers at the newly created methyl bearing stereocenter. LCMS [M+H]+ = 471.

Step Bl-IO: N-[(lS)-5-Amino-l-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methylpentyl]-4-methyl-N-(3- methylbutyl)benzenesulfonamide

To a solution of product from Step Bl-9 (30 mg, 0.064 mmol) in 1.2 mL CH2CI2 was added 0.4 mL of 4M HCl in dioxane. After 2 hours, the reaction mixture was concentrated to afford the title compound as a white solid. LCMS [M+H]⁺ = 371.

Step Bl-I l : tert-Butyl{(lS)-l-(diρhenylmethyl)-2-[((5S)-6-hydroxy-3-methyl-5-(3- methylbutyl) [(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl] amino } hexyl)amino] -2- oxoethyl } carbamate

To a solution of the amine from step Bl-IO (29 mg, 0.071 mmol) and iV-Boc-(5)-diphenylalanine (29 mg, 0.086 mmol) in 1.4 mL DMF was added triethylamine (0.040 mL, 0.285 mmol) and BOP-reagent (44.1 mg, 0.100 mmol). After 50 minutes, the reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc, and the organics were washed with H2O, 3M LiCl (3x) and brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (30->70% EtOAc/hexanes, linear gradient) to afford the desired adduct was a viscous oil. LCMS [M+H]+ = 694.

Step B 1 - 12 : (2S)-2-amino-N-((5 S)-6-hydroxy-3 -methyl-5- { (3 -methylbutyl) [(4-methylphenyl)- sulfonyl] amino } hexyl)-3 ,3 -diphenylpropanamide

To a solution of product from Step Bl-I l (34 mg, 0.049 mmol) in 0.7 mL CH2CI2 was added 0.6 mL 4M HCl in dioxane. After 1.5 hours at room temperature, the reaction mixture was concentrated to obtain the desired product as a white solid. The lH NMR data tabulated below is for the 1:1 ratio of diastereomers carried forth from the synthesis of the lysine derivative used in the above step. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, 04-MeOH) 6 8.17 (m, 4H), 7.72

(m, 2H), 7.52-7.43 (m, 4H), 7.26-7.21 (m, 2H), 3.82 (m, IH), 3.76 (d, J = 5.5 Hz, IH), 3.61 (d, J = 5.7 Hz), 3.39 (m, 2H), 3.11-2.80 Hz (m, 4H), 2.38 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 3H), 2.15-1.99 (m, 2H), 1.47 (m, 3H), 0.85 (m, 6H), 0.70 (m, 2H), LCMS [M+H]+ = 593.

EXAMPLE B2

Methyl {(lS)-l-(diphenylmethyl)-2-[((5S)-6-hydroxy-3-methyl-5-{(3-methyl- butyl) [(4- methylphenyl)sulfonyl] amino } hexylamino]-2-oxoethyl } carbamate

To a solution of the amine from Example Bl, Step 10 (26 mg, 0.041 mmol) in 0.83 mL CHCI3 was added 0.21 mL saturated NaHCθ3 solution. Methyl chloroformate (0.007 mL, 0.083 mmol) was added, and the reaction was allowed to proceed at room temperature for 3 hours. The mixture was diluted with CHCI3 and brine and the layers were separated. The aqueous phase was washed with CHCI3 (3x), and the combined organics were dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated. Separation of the diastereomers via preparative HPLC (Sunfire column, 15 mL/min) afforded the desired products as white solids after lyophilization. Characterization data for faster eluting diastereomer by reverse-phase: lH NMR (400 MHz, d4-MeOH) δ 7.70 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 2H), 7.34-7.31 (m, 4H), 7.22-7.10 (m, 8H), 4.87 (d, J = 10.3

Hz, IH), 4.26 (d, J = 11.4 Hz), 3.73 (m, IH), 3.50 (s, 3H), 3.36-3.28 (m, 2H), 3.17-3.00 (m, 4H), 2.80 (m, 2H), 1.48 (m, 2H), 1.39-1.29 (m, 3H), 1.21-1.18 (m, 2H), 1.00 (m, IH), 0.87 (d, J = 6.1 Hz, 6H), 0.65 (d, J = 5.6 Hz, 3H); LCMS [M+H]+ = 652. Characterization data for slower eluting diastereomer by reverse-phase: lH NMR (400 MHz, d4-MeOH) δ 7.70 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,

2H), 7.30-7.19 (m, 10H), 7.16-7.12 (m, 2H), 4.87 (d, J = 10.1 Hz, IH), 4.28 (d, J = 11.2 Hz), 3.72 (m, IH), 3.48 (s, 3H), 3.63-3.53 (m, 2H), 3.19-3.10 (m, 2H), 2.94 (m, IH), 2.64 (m, IH), 1.53 (m, 3H), 1.43-1.37 (m, 2H), 1.10 (m, 3H), 0.87 (d, J = 5.6 Hz, 6H), 0.69 (d, J = 6.1 Hz, 3H); LCMS [M+H]+ - 652.

EXAMPLE Cl Methyl {(lS)-l-(diphenylmethyl)-2-[((5S)-6-hydroxy-2-methyl-5-{(3-methylbutyl) [(4- methylphenyl)sulfonyl] amino } hexylamino] -2-oxoethyl } carbamate

Step Cl-I : Methyl (2S)-2-{[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl]amino}pent-4-enoate

To a solution containing 7.35 g (44.4 mmol) of allyl glycine methyl ester hydrochloride in 400 mL of DCM was added 12.3 mL (89 mmol) of triethylamine followed by 8.5 g (44.4 mmol) of tosyl chloride and the resulting mixture was allowed to stir at room temperature for 16 hours. The solution was washed with 1 N HCl (2 x 50 mL), saturated NaHCθ3 (2 x 50 mL), water (50 mL), and brine (50 mL). The organic phase was dried over MgSO4, concentrated and chromatographed (0% to 100% EtOAc/hexanes) to afford the desired product. LCMS (M+ 1) = 284.3.

Step Cl -2: Methyl (2S)-2-{(3-methylbutyl)[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl]amino}pent-4-enoate

The sulfonamide from step Cl-I (6.0 g, 21.2 mmol) was dissolved in 85 mL of DCM and treated sequentially with triphenylphosphine (6.66 g, 25.4 mmol), isoamyl alcohol (2.8 mL, 25.4 mmol), and DCAD (9.33 g, 25.4 mmol) and the resulting solution was allowed to stir for 72 hours at room temperature. The resulting solids were filtered and discarded and the filtrate was concentrated and chromatographed (0% to 100% EtOAc/hexanes) to afford the desired product. LCMS (M+l) = 354.5.

Step Cl-3: (2S)-2-{(3-Methylbutyl)[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl]amino}pent-4-enoic acid

A solution containing 2.89 g (8.18 mmol) of ester from step C 1-2 dissolved in 10 mL of THF and 10 mL of water was treated with 8.18 mL (16.3 mmol) of 2N LiOH and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. The mixture was acidified with 3N HCl and washed with ether (3 x 3 mL). The combined organics were dried over MgSθ4 and concentrated to afford the desired acid. LCMS (M+l) = 340.4.

Step Cl-4: (2S)-N-(2,4-Dimethoxybenzyl)-2-{(3-methylbutyl)[4- methylphenyl)sulfonyl]amino}-N-(2-methylprop-2-en-l-yl)pent-4-enamide

To a solution of the carboxylic acid from step C 1-3 (1.57 g (4.62 mmol) in 80 mL of DCM was added 0.93 g (4.2 mmol) of N-(2,4-dimethoxyben2y)-2-methylprop-2-en-l -amine (Intermediate 1), and 0.89 g (4.62 mmol) of EDC. The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours, concentrated and chromatographed directly (0% to 100% EtOAc/hexanes) to afford the desired amide as a white solid. LCMS (M+ 1) = 543.7.

Step Cl-5: (3S)-l-(2,4-Dimethoxybenzyl)-6-methyl-3-[(3-methylbutyl) (4- methylphenyl)sulfonyl) amino]- 1 ,3,4,7-tetrahydro-2H-azepin-2-one

A solution containing 0.988 g (1.82 mmol) of the diene obtained from step Cl-4 above was dissolved in 270 mL of DCM and treated with 0.386 g (0.455 mmol) of 2^nd generation Grubb's catalyst. The reaction mixture was heated at 40°C for 16 hours before being cooled, concentrated and chromatographed (gradient: 0% to 100% EtOAc/hexanes) to afford the desired lactam. LCMS (M+ 1) = 515.7.

Step Cl-6: 4-Methyl-N-(3-methylbutyl)-N-[(3S)-6-methyl-2-oxo-2,3,4,7-tetrahydro-lH- azepin-3-yl]benzenesulfonamide

A solution containing 0.78 g (1.51 mmol) of lactam Cl-5 dissolved in 9 mL of DCM was treated with 13 mL of TFA and stirred for 16 hours. The resulting purple solution was concentrated and treated with 30 mL of methanol then filtered. The filtrate was concentrated, diluted with 20 mL of DCM and washed with water (x 2), saturated bicarbonate solution (x 2) and brine. The organic extract was dried, concentrated and chromatographed (gradient: 0% to 100% EtOAc/hexanes) to afford the desired lactam. LCMS (M+l) = 365.5. Step C 1-7: 4-methyl-N-(3-methylbutyl)-N-[(3S)-6-methyl-2-oxoazepan-3- yl]benzenesulfonamide

A degassed solution containing 0.51 g (1.4 mmol) of lactam from step Cl-6 dissolved in 10 mL of EtOAc was treated with 17 mg of 10% Pd on carbon and hydrogenated at STP for 16 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered through Celite and evaporated to leave the desired compound. LCMS (M+l) = 367.5.

Step C 1-8: tert-Butyl (3 S)-6-methyl-3 - { (3 -methylbutyl) [(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl]amino } -2- oxoazepane- 1 -carboxylate

The lactam obtained form step C 1-7 above (0.51 g, 1.4 mmol) was dissolved in 8 mL of MeCN and treated with 0.911 g (4.17 mmol) of Boc2θ then 17 mg (0.14 mmol) of

DMAP. The resulting mixture was stirred for 16 hours then concentrated. Column chromatography (gradient: 0% to 100% EtOAc/hexanes) afforded the desired lactam. LCMS (M+l) = 467.7.

Step Cl-9: tert-Butyl ((5S)-6-hydroxy-2-methyl-5-{(3-methylbutyl)[4- methylphenyl)sulfonyl]amino}hexyl)carbamate

NHBoc

To a solution of lactam from step C 1-8 (0.345 g, 0.739) in 4 mL of EtOH was added 0.078 g (2.07 mmol) of NaBHφ The resulting mixture was stirred for 5 hours and concentrated. The residue was treated with 2 mL of IN NaOH and extracted with EtOAc x 3, dried, concentrated and chromatographed (gradient: 0% to 100% EtOAc/hexanes) to afford the desired alcohol. LCMS (M+l) = 471.7.

Step Cl-IO: N-[(lS)-5-Amino-l-(hydroxymethyl)-4-methylpentyl]-4-methyl-N-(3- methylbutyl)benzenesulfonamide

" To a solution containing 0.23 g (0.49 mmol) of the protected amine from step C 1-9 dissolved in 4 mL of DCM was added 2 mL of TFA. The reaction mixture was stirred for 30 minutes then made basic by the addition of solid K2CO3. Extraction with DCM (3 x 5 mL) afforded the desired amino alcohol as an oil LCMS (M+l) = 371.5.

Step Cl-I l : Methyl {(lS)-l-(diphenylmethyl)-2-[((5S)-6-hydroxy-2-methyl-5-{(3-methyl butyl) [(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl] amino } hexylamino] -2-oxoethyl } carbamate To a solution of the amine from step Cl-IO (181 mg, 0.488 mmol) and

N-Moc-(S)-diphenylalanine (146 mg, 0.488 mmol) in 3 mL DMF was added diisopropylethylamine (164 mg, 1.27 mmol) and BOP-reagent (281 mg, 0.635 mmol). After 60 minutes, the reaction mixture was filtered and the residue was purified by reverse phase chromatography. Pure fractions were diluted with EtOAc and rendered basic by the addition of saturated NaHCθ3_. The organic phase was separated, dried and evaporated to afford the desired adduct as a white solid. lH NMR (CDCI3): δ 7.73 - 7.71 (d, J= 7 Hz, 2H), 7.50 - 7.05 (m, 12 H), 5.71 (br s, 1 H), 5.11 - 5.10 (m, IH), 4.82 - 4.76 (m, IH), 4.49 - 4.47 (d, J= 10 Hz, IH), 3.61 - 3.59 (m, 4H), 3.53 - 3.29 (m, 2H), 3.22 - 3.20 (m, IH), 3.08 - 3.05 (m, IH), 2.93 - 2.82 (m, IH), 2.76 - 2.66 (m, IH), 2.42 (s, 3H), 2.34 - 2.24 (m, IH), 1.56 - 1.21 (m, 6H), 0.91 - 0.90 (m, 6H), 0.77 - 0.65 (m, 2H), 0.53 - 0.48 (m, 3H). LCMS [M+H]+ = 652.9.

EXAMPLE Dl

Methyl [(I S)-2-({(5S)-5-[[4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl]-((3S)-3-methylbutyl)amino]-6-hydroxy-l - methylhexyl)amino)-l-(diphenyhnethyl)-2-oxoethyl]carbamate and Methyl [(lS)-2-({(5S)-5-[[4- aminophenyl)sulfonyl] -((3 R)-3 -methylbutyl)amino] -6-hydroxy- 1 -methylhexyl)amino)- 1 - (diphenylmethyl)-2-oxoethyl]carbamate

Step Dl-1 : 1-Benzyl 5-methyl (2S)-2-[bis(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]pentanedioate

To a solution containing 10.0 g (28.5 mmol) of benzyl 5-methyl (2S)-2-[(tert-butoxy carbonyl)amino] pentanedioate (Schoenfelder et al., Syn Comm. 1990,

20(17), 2585) in 100 mL of acetonitrile was added 9.3 g (42.7 mmol) of Boc2θ then 1.73 g (14.2 mmol) of DMAP. The resulting mixture was stirred for 16 hours then concentrated. Column chromatography (30% EtOAc/hexanes) afforded the bis Boc amine. LCMS (M+Na) = 474.0.

Step Dl-2: Benzyl (2S)-2-[bis(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]-5-oxopentanoate

To a -7O⁰C solution containing 11.0 g (24.4 mmol) of diester from step Dl-I in 250 mL of ether was added 31.7 mL of DIBAL-H (1 M in toluene). The reaction mixture was stirred for 5 minutes, treated 10 mL of water and warmed to room temperature. The reaction mixture was filtered through Celite and evaporated. Column chromatography (30% EtOAc/hexanes) afforded the desired aldehyde. LCMS (M+Na) = 444.0.

Step D 1-3: Benzyl (2S)-2-[bis(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]-6-nitrohept-5-enoate

To a solution of the aldehyde from step Dl-2 (8.3 g, 19.7 mmol) in 50 mL of toluene at O⁰C was added 14.8 g (197 mmol) of nitroethane then 0.42 mL (3.35 mmol) of tetramethylguanidine. The reaction mixture was stirred for 30 minutes then treated with 4.1 mL (29.5 mmol) of TEA and 2.3 mL (29.5 mmol) of methanesulfonyl chloride. After an additional 2 hours of stirring, 122 mg (1.00 mmol) of DMAP was added and the reaction mixture was heated to 6O⁰C for 16 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled and diluted with 100 mL of ether. The solution was washed with water (2 x 25 mL), saturated NaHCO3 (2 x 25 mL) and brine. Column chromatography (30% EtOAc/hexanes) afforded the desired nitro olefin. LCMS (M+Na) = 500.9.

Step D 1-4: (2S)-6-Amino-2-[bis(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]heptanoic acid

The nitro olefin from step 3 above (9.0 g, 18.8 mmol) was dissolved in 225 mL of MeOH and treated with 3 g of 10% Pd(OH)2. The resulting mixture was hydrogenated at STP for 72 hours, filtered through a pad of Celite and evaporated to afford the desired amino acid as a white foam. LCMS (M+l) = 361.1.

Step Dl-5: (2S)-6-{[(Benzyloxy)carbonyl]amino}-2-[bis(tert- butoxycarbonyl)amino]heptanoic acid

Cbz chloride (1.28 mL, 9.0 mmol) was dissolved in 7 mL of dioxane and was added to 2.7 g (7.49 mmol) of the amine from step D 1-4 dissolved in 171 mL of water / dioxane / acetonitrile (72/54/45) and 794 mg (7.49 mmol) of sodium carbonate. The reaction mixture was stirred for 16 hours and concentrated. The residue was redissolved in 50 mL of DCM and washed with 1% citric acid solution then brine. The organic extract was dried and concentrated to leave the desired N-Cbz protected amine Dl-5. LCMS (M+l) = 495.6

Step Dl-6: Methyl (2S)-2-amino-6-{[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]amino}heptanoate

Compound Dl-5 (2.8 g, 5.66 mmol) was dissolved in 50 mL of MeOH at O⁰C and a stream of HCl gas was passed through the solution for 2 minutes. After stirring the reaction mixture an additional 30 minutes, the solvent was removed to afford the desired amino ester HCl salt which was used in the next reaction without further purification. LCMS (M+l) = 310.4 Step Dl-7: Methyl (2S)-6-{[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]amino}-2-{[(4- nitrophenyl)sulfonyl]amino}heptanoate

To a solution containing 2.43 g (7.05 mmol) of ester D 1-6 in 35 mL of DCM was added 2 mL (14 mmol) of triethylamine followed by 1.5 g (7.05 mmol) of p-nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride and the resulting mixture was allowed to stir at room temperature for 16 hours. The solution was washed with 1 N HCl (2 x 10 mL), saturated NaHCθ3 (2 x 10 mL), water (10 mL), and brine (10 mL). The organic phase was dried over MgSθ4, concentrated and chromatographed (0% to 100% EtOAc/hexanes) to afford the desired product Dl-7. LCMS (M+l) = 494.5.

Step D 1-8: Methyl (2S)-6-{[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]amino}-2-{(3-methylbutyl)[(4- nitrophenyl)sulfonyl]amino}heptanoate

Sulfonamide Dl-7 (0.88 g, 1.78 mmol) was dissolved in 7 mL of DCM and treated sequentially with triphenylphosphine (561 mg, 2.1 mmol), isoamyl alcohol (0.233 mL, 2.14 mmol), and DCAD (0.786 g, 2.14 mmol) and the resulting solution was allowed to stir for 72 hours at room temperature. The resulting solids were filtered and discarded and the filtrate was concentrated and chromatographed (0% to 100% EtOAc/hexanes) to afford the desired product. LCMS (M+!) = 564.6

Step Dl-9: Methyl (2S)-6-amino}-2-[[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl]3- methylbutyl)amino } heptanoate

A degassed solution containing 0.748 g (1.36 mmol) of compound Dl-8 dissolved in 20 mL of MeOH was treated with 956 mg of 10% Pd(OH)2 and hydrogenated at STP for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered through Celite and evaporated to leave the desired compound Dl-9. LCMS (M+ 1) = 400.5.

Step Dl-IO: Methyl (2S)-2-[[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl]3-methylbutyl)amino]-6-({(2S)-2- [(methoxycarbonyl)amino] -3,3 -diphenylpropanoyl } aminoheptanoate

To a solution of the amine from step Dl-9 (300 mg, 0.751 mmol) and JV-Moc-(S)- diphenylalanine (225 mg, 0.751 mmol) in 3 mL DCM was added diisopropylethylamine (252 mg, 1.295 mmol) and BOP-reagent (432 mg, 0.976 mmol). After 60 minutes, the reaction mixture was diluted with DCM and washed with saturated NaHCO3 The organic phase was separated, dried and evaporated. Column chromatography (gradient: 0% to 100% EtOAc/hexanes) afforded the desired adduct as a white solid. LCMS (M+ 1) = 681.8.

Step Dl-11 : Methyl [(lS)-2-({(5S)-5-[[4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl]-((3S)-3-methylbutyl)amino]- 6-hydroxy-l-methylhexyl)amino)-l-(diphenylmethyl)-2-oxoethyl] carbamate and Methyl [(lS)-2- ({(5S)-5-[ [4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl] -((3 R)-3 -methylbutyl)amino] -6-hydroxy- 1 - methylhexyl)amino)- 1 -(diphenylmethyl)-2-oxoethyl]carbamate To a solution containing 485 mg (0.712 mmol) of the ester obtained from step

Dl-10 in 5 mL of THF was added 0.71 mL of 2M LiBHφ The reaction mixture was allowed to stir for 5 minutes before 0.5 mL of MeOH was added. After an additional 1 hour of stirring, 2 mL of NaHCO3 was added and the reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc. The organic phase was separated and dried then subjected to reverse phase chromatography. Pure fractions were diluted with EtOAc and rendered basic by the addition of saturated NaHCO3_. The organic phase was separated, dried and evaporated to afford 313 mg (67%) of the desired adduct was a white solid. lH NMR (CDCI3): δ 7.61 - 7.59 (m, 2H), 7.33 - 7.17 (m, 10H), 6.72 - 6.66 (m, 2H), 5.33 - 5.15

(m, IH), 4.78 - 4.74 (m, IH), 4.47 - 4.40 (m, 2H), 4.22 (s, IH), 3.70 - 3.50 (m, 8H), 3.21 - 3.16 (m, IH), 3.02 - 3.00 (m, IH), 2.50 - 2.42 (m, IH), 1.57 - 1.50 (m, 4H), 1.30 - 0.82 (m, 12H), 0.56 - 0.55 (m, 2H).. LCMS [M+H]+ = 653.8.

The mixture of diastereomers was separated by chrial chromatography (Kromasil Chiral TBB, 25% IPA in CO2, first eluting compound collection time: 21.0-24.30 minutes, second eluting compound collection time: 25.0-28.0 minutes). N-{(lR,5S)-5-[ [(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl] (3 -methylbutyl)amino] -6-hydroxy- 1 - methylhexyl}-iVα-(methoxycarbonyl)-β-phenyl-L-phenylalaninamide (first eluting compound, Dl-(S)). lH NMR (CDCI3): δ 7.61 - 7.59 (m, 2H), 7.31 - 7.17 (m, 1OH), 6.68 - 6.66 (m, 2H),

5.33 - 5.27 (m, 2H), 4.78 - 4.74 (t, J= 10 Hz, IH), 4.40 - 4.38 (d, J= 10 Hz, 2H), 3.61 - 3.50 (m, 8H), 3.20 - 3.15 (m, IH), 3.04 - 2.77 (m, 3H), 1.55 - 1.49 (m, 3H), 1.32 - 0.86 (m, 12H), 0.56 - 0.55 (d, J= 6Hz, 2H)_: LCMS [M+H]+ = 653.1.

N-{(\S,5S)-5-[ [(4-aminohenyl)sulfonyl] (3 -methylbutyl)amino] -6-hydroxy- 1 - methylhexyl}-Mx-(methoxycarbonyl)-β-phenyl-L-phenylalaninamide (second eluting compound, Dl-(R)). lH NMR (CDCI3): δ 7.61 - 7.58 (m, 2H), 7.34 - 7.20 (m, 10H), 6.72 - 6.66 (m, 2H), 5.28 - 5.26 (d, J= 8 Hz, IH), 5.16 - 5.15 (d, J= 8 Hz, IH), 4.78 - 4.74 (t, J= 10 Hz, IH), 4.47 - 4.45 (d, J= 10 Hz, IH), 3.72 - 3.49 (m, 8H), 3.24 - 3.18 (m, IH), 3.02 - 2.60 (m, 3H), 1.56 - 1.50 (m, 3H), 1.26 - 0.83 (m, 13H), 0.55 - 0.51 (m, 2H), LCMS [M+H]+ = 653.0.

EXAMPLE D2 Methyl [(lS)-2-({(5S)-5-[[4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl]-((3S)-3-ethylbutyl)amino]-6-hydroxy-l- methylhexyl)amino)- 1 -(diphenylmethyl)-2-oxoethyl]carbamate

Step D2-1 : Methyl (2S)-2-[bis(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]-6-nitrooctan-5-enoate

To a solution containing 3.4 g (9.8 mmol) of (2S)-2-(bis(tert- butoxycarbonyl)amino)-5-oxopentanoate (Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 1998, 9(19), 3381-3394) in 35 mL of toluene at O⁰C was added 8.8 g (97 mmol) of nitropropane, followed by 0.113 g (0.984 mmol) of tetramethylguanidine. The reaction mixture was stirred for 30 minutes and then treated with 1.5 g (14.8 mmol) of TEA and 1.7 mL (14.8 mmol) of methanesulfonyl chloride. After an additional 2 hours of stirring, 122 mg (1.00 mmol) of DMAP was added and the reaction mixture was heated to 6O⁰C for 16 hours. The reaction mixture was then cooled to room temperature and diluted with 100 mL of Et2θ. The solution was washed with water (2 x 25 mL), saturated NaHCθ3 (2 x 25 mL) and brine. Column chromatography (20% EtOAc/hexanes) of the washed solution afforded the desired nitro olefin. LCMS (M+Na) = 440. Step D2-2: Methyl (2S)-7-Amino-2-[bis(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]octanoate

Boc -N, . NH₂

BoC

CO₂Me Et

The nitro olefin from Dl-I (1.8 g, 4.32 mmol) was dissolved in 35 mL of MeOH and treated with 1.5 g of 10% Pd(OH)2- The resulting mixture was hydrogenated at STP for 72 hours, filtered through a pad of Celite and evaporated to afford the desired amino ester as a white foam. LCMS (M+l) = 389.0 .

Step D2-3: Methyl (2S)-2-[bis(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino] -6-({(2S)-2-

[(methoxycarbonyl)amino]-3,3-diphenylpropanoyl}amino)octanoate

To a solution containing 2.2 g (5.66 mmol) of the amine above in a 1/1/1 mixture of saturated NaHCC-3, acetone, and THF (24 mL) was added Moc-di-Phe-HSU ester (2.2 g, 5.66 mmol) and the mixture stirred for 5 hours. The product was extracted into EtOAc and the organic phase was dried and concentrated and used directly without further purification. LCMS (M+Na) = 692

Step D2-4: Methyl (2S)-2-amino-6-({(2S)-2-[(methoxycarbonyl)amino]-3,3- diphenylpropanoyl } amino)octanoate

PK _^Ph

Compound D2-3 (3.7 g, 5.52 mmol) was dissolved in 10 mL of ether at 24⁰C and treated with 13.8 mL (55.2 mmol) of 4N HCl in dioxane. After the dissolution was complete, the the reaction mixture for 30 minutes, and then the solvent was removed to afford the desired amino ester HCl salt which was used in the next reaction without further purification. LCMS (M+l) = 470.0 Step D2-5: Methyl (2S, 6S)-6-({(2S)-2-[(methoxycarbonyl)amino]-3,3- diphenylpropanoyl } amino)-2- { [(4-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl] amino } octanoate

To a solution containing 2.8 g (5.53 mmol) of ester D2-4 in 50 mL of chloroform was added 2 mL (14 mmol) of triethylamine followed by 1.54 g (6.1 mmol) of p-nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride, and the resulting mixture was allowed to stir at room temperature for 16 hours. The solution was then washed with 1 N HCl (2 x 10 mL), saturated NaHCθ3 (2 x 10 mL), water (10 mL), and brine (10 mL). The organic phase was dried over MgSO4, concentrated and chromatographed (0% to 100% EtOAc/hexanes) to afford each diastereomeric product as a white foam. The less polar product (80% EtOAc/hexanes) is the S,R-isomer and the more polar product (80% EtOAc/hexanes) is the S,S-isomer. LCMS (M+l) = 655.

Step D2-6: Methyl (2S, 6S)-6-({(2S)-2-[(methoxycarbonyl)amino]-3,3-diphenyl- propanoyl } amino)-2- { (3 -methylbutyl) [(4-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl] amino } octanoate

The more polar diastereomeric sulfonamide D2-5 (1.2 g, 1.8 mmol) was dissolved in 10 mL of THF and treated sequentially with triphenylphosphine (577 mg, 2.2 mmol), isoamyl alcohol (0.233 mL, 2.14 mmol), and DIAD (0.445 g, 2.2 mmol) and the resulting solution was allowed to stir for 72 hours at room temperature. The mixture was concentrated and chromatographed (0% to 100% EtOAc/hexanes) to afford the desired product. LCMS (M+l) = 725.0

Step D2-7: Methyl (2S, 6S)-2-[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl] (3 -methylbutyl) amino-6-({(2S)-2- [(methoxycarbonyl)amino] -3 ,3 -diphenylpropanoyl} amino)octanoate

A degassed solution containing 1.0 g (1.38 mmol) of compound D2-6 dissolved in 30 mL of MeOH was treated with 956 mg of 10% Pd(OH)2 and hydrogenated at STP for 1 hours at room temperature. The reaction mixture was filtered through Celite and evaporated to leave the desired compound. LCMS (M+ 1) = 695.0

Step D2-8: Methyl [(I S)-2-({(5S)-5-[[4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl]-((3S)-3-ethylbutyl)amino]-6- hydroxy- 1 -methylhexyl)amino)- 1 -(diphenylmethyl)-2-oxoethyl]carbamate To a solution containing 700 mg (1.0 mmol) of the ester obtained from step D2-7 in 10 mL of THF was added 1.2 mL of 2M LiBH-J.. The reaction mixture was allowed to stir for

5 minutes before 0.5 mL of MeOH was added. After an additional 1 hour of stirring, 2 mL of NaHCO3 was added and the reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc. The organic phase was separated and dried then subjected to reverse phase chromatography. Pure fractions were diluted with EtOAc and rendered basic by the addition of saturated NaHCO3_. The organic phase was separated, dried and evaporated to afford the desired adduct was a white solid. lH NMR (CDCI3): δ 7.61 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 2H), 7.4 - 7.1 (m, 10H), 6.72 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 2H), 5.25

(bt, IH), 4.78 (t, IH), 4.40 (d, J=8 Hz, 2H), 4.21 (bs, 2H), 3.70 - 3.50 (m, 8H), 3.21 - 3.16 (m, IH), 3.02 - 3.00 (m, IH), 1.60 - 1.48 (m, 4H), 1.40 - 0.82 (m, 4H), 0,75 (d, 6H), 0.56 - 0.55 (t, 3H).. LCMS [M+H]+ = 667.8.

EXAMPLE El

Methyl [(lS)-2-({(5S)-5-[[3-fluoro-4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl]-((3S)-3-cyclopropylbutyl)amino]-6- hydroxy- 1 -methylhexyl)arnino)- 1 -(diphenylmethyl)-2-oxoethyl]carbamate

Step El - 1 : Methyl N2,N6-bis(tert-butoxycaτbonyl)-L-\ys\nate

BocHN^ ^^^ _^ NHBoc CO₂Me To a solution of epsilon-Boc Lysine methyl ester 1 (35.9g, 121 mmol) suspended in the CH2CI2 (250 mL) and stirred at room temperature, was added Boc2θ, 99% (28.1 mL, 121 mmol) followed by careful addition of triethylamine, 99.5% (20.23 mL, 145 mmol). The solids dissolved and gentle gas evolotuion was noted. After 1 hr the reaction mixture was clear pale yellow with no noticable gas evoluiton. An aliquot was concentrated under N2. The reaction mixture was allowed to sit overnight at room temperature. Transfer to a sep funnel and wash with water (2 x 25OmL), NaHCθ3 (50 mL 50% saturated), and brine. Dry over MgSC-4 , filter and concentrate to an off white solid, wt 42 g. MS: M+Na = 383.

Step E 1-2: Bis-Boc-Lysinol

To a solution of methyl iV2JV6-bis(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-L-lysinate (235g, 652 mmol) in the THF (2000 mL) cooled with an ice/water bath to 10°C was added lithium borohydride, > 90% (22g, 1010 mmol) in portions over 45 minutes. After the addition was complete the reaction mixture was aged for 20 minutes then warmed to 50°C for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was cooled to 0°C and quenched by dropwise addition of MeOH (50 mL). After 15 minutes at 0°C the bath was removed and 50 mL of 5N NaOH was added with 250 mL of brine. After 30 minutes of stirring at room temperature, the reaction mixture was diluted with 500 mL of water and partitioned. The aqueous layer was diluted with more water until the salts dissolved and was then extracted once with ether (500 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over Na2SO4. Ethyl acetate was added and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for

15 minutes, filtered and concentrated to afford a colorless viscous oil. MS: M+Na = 355.

Step El -3 : Bis-Boc-Lysinol TBS-ether

To a solution of bis-Boc-Lysinol (215g, 647 mmol) in the CH2CI2 (2500 mL) was added imidazole, >99% (86g, 1263 mmol) followed by TBS-Cl, 97% (107 g, 711 mmol) in portions over a few minutes, while keeping the internal temperature below 30°C. The reaction mixture was stirred overnight for 2 days. 2Og of imdazole and 2Og of TBSCl were then added and the reaction mixture was aged for 3 hours, and then 2Og of imdazole, 2Og of TBSCl and 1 g DMAP were added and the reaction mixture was stirred at 35°C for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was transfered to a separatory funnel and washed with 2N HCl (2 x 500 mL) and brine, dried over MgSO4₅ filtered and concentrated to afford a colorless viscous oil. MS: M+Na = 469. Step El-4: N-Boc tert-butyl ((5S)-5-amino-6- {[tert- butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}hexanoyl)carbamate

To a solution of bis-Boc-Lysinol TBS-ether 1 (289g, 647 mmol) in EtOAc (1000 mL) was added Water (1400 mL) and ruthenium(IV) oxide hydrate (4.3 g, 28.5 mmol). lOOg of the sodium bromate was then added and the reaction mixture was stirred at 40-45 °C for 5 hours, filtered on celite, partitioned and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layer was washed with aqueous sodium bisulfite, then brine, dried over MgSθ4, treated with charcoal (Darco G-60), filtered through circa 2-inches of silica in a funnel and concentrated to a thick slurry. A small amount of hexane was added, the mixture was cooled to 0⁰C and filtered. The cake was washed with 1 : 1 EtOAc/hexanes then hexanes, and then dried to a white solid which was not the desired product. The filtrate was concentrated then diluted with hexanes and filtered again. The filtrate was pumped onto a 1500g column eqiulibrated with heptane then eluded with one column volume heptane, then a gradient to 50%. The first column volume was not collected; 450 mL fractions were then collected. Appropriate fractions were concentrated to a colorless oil: N-Boc tert-butyl ((S^-S-amino-ό-lftert-buty^dimethytysilylloxyJhexanoy^carbamate. MS: M+Na = 483

Step El-5: tert-butyl [(15)-l-({[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}methyl)-5- hydroxypentyl] carbamate

To a solution of N-Boc tert-butyl ((5S)-5-amino-6-{[tert- butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}hexanoyl)carbamate (47g, 102 mmol) in 2-propanol (900 mL) and water (90 mL) was added sodium borohydride 98+% (4.7 g, 124 mmol) and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature over a weekend, concentrated, diluted with ethyl acetate and 100 mL of 1 N NaOH, partitioned, washed with brine, dried over MgSO4₅ filtered and concentrated to an oily solid. The residue diluted with hexanes containing a little EtOAc and filtered, washing with hexanes. The filtrate was pumped onto a 75Og column equilbrated with heptane and eluded with 1 column volume heptane, then with gradient to 50% EtOAc/heptane. The appropriate fractions were concentrated to an oily solid, dried over high vacuum to a solid that sublimes but was not the desired product. The solid was diluted with a hexanes and the mixture cooled to 0°C, inducing crystallization of the desired product. MS: M+Na = 370, M-Boc+1 = 248. Step El-6 (5iS)-5-[(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]-6-{[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}hexyl pivalate

BocHN

To a solution of tert-butyl [(15)-l-({[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}methyl)-5- hydroxypentyl] carbamate (2.5g, 7.19 mmol) in 36 mL CH2CI2 was added pyridine (1.10 mL,

13.67 mmol) and pivaloyl chloride (1.60 mL, 12.95 mmol). After 2 hours stirring at room temperature, further aliquots of pyridine (0.55 mL, 6.83 mmol) and pivaloyl chloride (0.80 mL, 6.47 mmol) were added. The reaction mixture was quenched after another 1 hour by diluting with EtOAc. The organics were washed in succession with 0.5M KHSO4, saturated, aqueous

NaHCθ3 and brine, then dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (0->15% EtOAc/hexanes) to give the desired compound as a viscous oil.

Step El-7 (5S)-5-[(-butoxycarbonyl)(3-methylbutyl)amino]-6-{[tert- butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}hexyl pivalate

To a solution of (55)-5-[(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]-6-{[/ert butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}hexyl pivalate (2.85g, 6.60 mmol) in 33 mL of DMF was added NaH (95%, 0.334g, 12.2 mmol). After 30 minutes at room temperature, l-iodo-3 -methyl butane (2.63 mL, 19.81 mmol) was added, and the reaction mixture was heated at 5O⁰C for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was then cooled to room temperature, quenched by adding saturated, aqueous NH4CI and diluted with EtOAc and H2O. The layers were separated, and the organics were washed with 3M LiCl (3x) and brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (0->15% EtOAc/hexanes) to give 2.39g of the desired compound as a viscous oil.

Step El-8 [(15)-l-({[/ert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}methyl)-5-hydroxypentyl](3- methylbutyl)carbamate

To a solution of (55)-5-[(-butoxycarbonyl)(3-methylbutyl)amino]-6-{[tert- butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}hexyl pivalate (2.29g, 4.56 mmol) in 23 mL THF was added UBH4

(2M in THF, 9.13 mL, 18.25 mmol). The mixture was heated at 5O⁰C for 3 hours, after which a further aliquot of OBH4 (2M in THF, 4.6 mL, 9.1 mmol) was added, and the reaction mixture heated at 50 ⁰C for a further 1 hour. The mixture was then cooled to room temperature, quenched by adding EtOAc, and then saturated aqueous NH4CI. The quenched mixture was then diluted with EtOAc, and the organics were washed organics with H2O and brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (10- >45% EtOAc/hexanes) to give the desired compound as a viscous oil.

Step E 1 -9 [( 1 S)- 1 -( { [tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy } methyl)-5-oxopentyl] (3 - methylbutyl)carbamate

To a solution of [(lS)-l-({[terf-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}methyl)-5- hydroxypentyl](3-methylbutyl)carbamate (1.05g, 2.51 mmol) in 17 mL CH2CI2 was added N- methylmorpholine N-oxide (0.383g,3.27 mmol) and activated 4A molecular sieves (1.05g). After 10 minutes, TPAP (0.044g, 0.126 mmol) was added in one portion. After 45 minutes, the reaction mixture was purified by silica gel chromatography (0->25% EtOAc/hexanes) to afford 0.89g ofthe desired product.

Step El-IO tert-butyl((15,5E)-l-({[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}methyl)-5-{[(i?-tert- butylsulfinyl] imino } pentyl)(3 -methylbutyl)carbamate

To a solution of [(l^-l-Cittert-butylCdimethy^silylJoxyJmethyO-S-oxopenty^CS- methylbutyl)carbamate (0.89Og, 2.14 mmol) in 14 mL CH2CI2 was added MgSθ4 (1.29g, 10.71 mmol), PPTS (0.054g, 0.214 mmol) and (i?)-tertbutane sulfinamide (0.337g, 2.78 mmol) in that order. After 16 hours, the reaction mixture was filtered through a pad of celite, rinsing with fresh CH2CI2. The filtrate was concentrated and purified by silica gel chromatography (10->45%

EtOAc/hexanes) to afford the desired product as a viscous oil.

Step El-11 ter/-butyl((lS',5/?)-l-({[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}methyl)-5-{[(i?-terr- butylsulfinyl] amino } -5 -cyclopropylpentyl)(3 -methylbutyl)carbamate

To a solution of /ert-butylCClS^^-l-Cl^ert-butylCdimethyOsilylJoxyJmethyO-S- {[(i?-tert-butylsulfinyl]imino}pentyl)(3-methylbutyl)carbamate (0.268g, 0.517 mmol) in 5.1 mL hexanes at -1O⁰C was added cyclopropylmagnesium bromide (0.5M in THF, 1.55 mL, 0.775 mmol). After 3 hours, the batch had warmed to -3⁰C, at which point the reaction mixture was quenched by adding saturated aqueous NH4CI and EtOAc. The layers were separated, and the organic layer was washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated. The concentrate was purified by silica gel chromatography (25->75% EtOAc/hexanes) to afford desired product as a viscous oil.

Step El-12 tert-butyl((15,5i?)-5-amino-l-(hydroxymethyl)-5-cyclopropylpentyl)(3- methylbutyl)carbamate hydrochloride

To a solution of /ert-butyl((15,5i?)-l-({[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}methyl)-5- {[(i?-te/-t-butylsulfinyl]amino}-5-cyclopropylpentyl)(3-methylbutyl)carbamate (440 mg, 0.784 mmol) in 7.8 mL MeOH maintained at O⁰C was added HCl in Et2θ (IM, 1.57 mL, 1.57 mmol).

After 1 hour, the bath was removed, and the reaction mixture was allowed to proceed at room temperature for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was then concentrated to obtain the desired product as a white solid. MS: M+H = 343. M-Boc+1 = 243. Step El-13 Methyl[75' 2-[((l_JR,55)-5-[(ter/-butoxycarbonyl)(3-methylbutyl)amino]-l- cyclopropyl-6-hydroxyhexyl}amino)-l-(diphenylmethyl)-2-oxoethyl]carbamate

To a solution of tert-butyl((15',5i?)-5-amino-l-(hydroxymethyl)-5- cyclopropylpentyl)(3-methylbutyl)carbamate hydrochloride (371 mg, 0.979 mmol) and 25-2- [(methoxycarbonyl)amino]-3,3-diphenylpropanoic acid (322 mg, 1.077 mmol) in 9.8 mL DMF was added diisopropylethylamine (0.170 mL, 0.979 mmol), EDC (263 mg, 1.37 mmol) and HOAt (13.3 mg, 0.098 mmol). After 16 hours of stirring at room temperature, the reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc, and the organics were washed with 0.5M KHSO4, IH NaOH , 3M LiCl (3x) and brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated. The concentrate was purified by silica gel chromatography (30->80% EtOAc/hexanes) to afford the desired product as a white solid. MS: M+H = 624, M-Boc+H = 524.

Step El-14 Methyl[15-2-[((li?,55)-)-l-cyclopropyl-6-hydroxy-5-[(3-methylbutyl) amino]hexyl}amino)-l-(diphenylmethyl)-2-oxoethyl]carbamate hydrocloride

To a solution of methyl[752-[((li?,5S)-5-[(ter/-butoxycarbonyl)(3- methylbutyl)amino]- 1 -cyclopropyl-6-hydroxyhexyl } amino)- 1 -(diphenylmethyl)-2- oxoethyl] carbamate was added 7.1 mL of 4M HCl in dioxane. After 4 hours of stirring at room temperature, the reaction mixture was concentrated to obtain the desired product (406 mg) as a white solid. MS: M+l = 524.

Step El-15 Methyl[15-2-[((li?,55)-l-cyclopropyl-6-hydroxy-5-{(3-methylbutyl)[(4- mtrophenyl)sulfonyl]amino}hexyl)amino]-l-(diphenyuτiethyl)-2- oxoethyl] carbamate

To a slurry of methyl[lS'-2-[((li?,5S)-)-l-cyclopropyl-6-hydroxy-5-[(3- methylbutyl)amino]hexyl}amino)-l-(diphenylmethyl)-2-oxoethyl]carbarnate hydrocloride (203 mg, 0.362 mmol) and diisopropylethylamine (0.133 mL, 0.761 mmol) in 2.4 mL CH2CI2 was added 4-nitrophenylsulfonyl chloride (84 mg, 0.381 mmol). After 16 hours of stirring at room temperature, a further aliquot of 4-nitrophenylsulfonyl chloride (35 mg, 0.158 mmol) was added and after an additional 3.5 hours the reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc, and the organics were washed with saturated aqueous NaHCθ3 and brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated. The concentrate was purified by silica gel chromatography (30->80% EtOAc/hexanes) to afford the desired product as a white solid. MS: M+H = 709.

Step E-16 Methyl[15-2-[((li?,5S)-l-cyclopropyl-6-hydroxy-5-{(3-methylbutyl)[(4- aminophenyl)sulfonyl]amino } hexyl)amino] - 1 -(diphenylmethyl)-2- . oxoethyl]carbamate

To a solution of methyl[lιS'-2-[((li?,5<S)-l-cyclopropyl-6-hydroxy-5-{(3- methylbutyl) [(4-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl] amino } hexyl)amino] - 1 -(diphenylmethyl)-2- oxoethyl]carbamate (102 mg, 0.144 mmol) in 0.72 mL EtOH and 0.72 mL THF was added SnCl₂ (136 mg, 0.719 mmol). The reaction mixture was placed in a pre heated oil bath at 85 ⁰C for 2.5 hours. The reaction mixture was then cooled to room temperature, and quenched by the addition of saturated aqueous NaHCθ3. The quenched reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc and

H₂O, the layers were separated. After washing the aqueous layer with EtOAc (4x), the combined organics were dried over Na2SO4, filtered through a pad of celite and concentrated. The concentrate was purified by silica gel chromatography (40->100% EtOAc/hexanes) to afford the desired product as a white foam. MS: M+H = 679. lH NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ 7.58 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.30-7.18 (m, 5H), 6.69 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, IH), 5.47 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, IH), 5.10 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, IH), 4.78 (t, J = 9.7 Hz, IH), 4.49 (d, J = 10.1 Hz, IH), 4.40 (s, 2H), 3.61 (s, 3H), 3.48-

3.47 (m, 3H), 3.17 (ddd, J = 15.0 Hz, 9.6 Hz, 5.3 Hz, IH), 3.05-2.95 (m, 2H), 2.47 (s, IH), 1.56-

1.48 (m, 5H), 1.14 (m, IH), 0.99 (m, 3H), 0.90 (d, J = 1.7 Hz, 3H), 0.88 (d, J = 2.1 Hz, 3H), 0.61 (m, IH), 0.48-0.29 (m, 3H), 0.161 (ddd, J = 9.3, 4.6, 4.6 Hz, IH), 0.045 (m, IH). EXAMPLE Fl

N- { ( 1 S, 5S)-5 - [ [(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl] (isopropyl)amino] -6-hydroxy- 1 -methylhexyl } -Na- (methoxycarbonyl)-β-phenyl-L-phenylalaninamide

Step Fl-I Ethyl (2S)-2-amino-4-pentenoate hydrochloride

To a solution of (2S)-2-aminopenenoic acid (10.5g, 91 mmol) in 100 mL EtOH at O⁰C was added thionyl chloride (20.0 mL, 274 mmol) dropwise over 30 minutes. The bath was removed, and the reaction was allowed to proceed at room temperature over 16 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated, and the brownish residue was titurated with Et2θ (2x) to obtain the desired product as a white solid. MS: M+H = 144.

Step F 1 -2 Ethyl (2S)-)-2- { [(4-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl]amino} -4-pentenoate

To a slurry of ethyl (25)-2-amino-4-pentenoate hydrochloride (12.01g, 66.9 mmol) in 223 mL CH2CI2 was added triethylamine (20.0 mL, 140 mmol) and 4- nitrophenylsulfonyl chloride (14.67g, 66.2 mmol). The reaction was allowed to proceed at room temperature for 16 hours, then diluted with EtOAc and washed with 0.5M HCl (2x), saturated aqueous NaHCθ3 and brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated to obtain the desired product which was subsequently used without further purification.

Step F 1 -3 Ethyl (2S)-)-2- { isopropyl [(4-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl] amino } -4-pentenoate

To a solution of ethyl (2iS)-)-2-{[(4-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl]amino}-4-pentenoate (2.45g, 7.46 mmol) in 75 mL THF was added Ph₃P (5.87g, 22.4 mmol), z-PrOH (11.5 mL, 149 mmol) and DIAD (4.35 mL, 22.4 mmol). After 1 hour of stirring at room temperature, the reaction mixture was concentrated and the residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (20- >100% EtOAc/hexanes) to obtain the desired product. MS: M+H = 371.

Step Fl-4 Ethyl (25,4E)-2-{isopropyl[(4-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl]amino}-6-oxo-4-heptenoate

To a solution of ethyl (2S)-)-2-{isopropyl[(4-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl]amino}-4- pentenoate (2.95g, 7.96 mmol) in 80 mL CH2CI2 was added methyl crotyl ketone (60% purity,

13.0 mL, 80.0 mmol) and Grubbs 2^nd generation catalyst (0.676g, 0.796 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated to 65 ⁰C for 16 hours. Concentrated and purified residue by silica gel chromatography (20->100% ΕtOAc/hexanes) to obtain the desired product (1.7Og). MS: M+H = 413.

Step Fl-5 Ethyl (2S)-)-2-{isopropyl[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl]amino}-6-oxoheptanoate

To a solution of ethyl (25,4£T)-2-{isopropyl[(4-nitrophenyl) sulfonyl]amino}-6- oxo-4-heptenoate (2.24g, 5.42 mmol) in 54 mL EtOH was added 20% Pd(OH)₂ on carbon (0.762g, 1.08 mmol). A H2 balloon was attached, and the flask was evacuated/backfilled with H₂ (3x). After 2.5 hours of stirring at room temperature, the flask was evacuated/backfilled with N2, and the reaction mixture was filtered through a pad of celite under N2, rinsing with CH2C12- The organics were concentrated to provide the desired product. MS: M+H = 385. Step F 1 -6 Ethyl(25,6S)-2- [[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl] (isopropyl)amino] -6- { [(S-tert- butylsulfinyl] amino } heptanoate

To a solution of ethyl (25)-)-2-{isopropyl[(4-aminophenyl) sulfonyl]amino}-6- oxoheptanoate (2.07g, 5.38 mmol) in 41 mL THF was added S-tert-butane sulfinamide (1.96g, 16.1 mmol), followed by Ti(0Et)4 (5.60 mL, 26.9 mmol). The reaction mixturre was heated at

65⁰C for 16 hours, then cooled to -50 ⁰C. Sodium borohydride (1.63g, 43.0 mmol) was added in one portion, and the reaction mixture was allowed to warm to -1O⁰C over 3 hours. The reaction mixture was then quenched by adding MeOH at -10°C, and then diluted with EA. Brine (10 mL) was then added and the mixture warmed to room temperature, stirred at room temperature for 20 minutes, then filtered through a pad of celite, rinsing with fresh EA. The filtrate was then concentrated and used in StepFl-7 without further purification. MS: M+H = 490, 4-5:1 ratio of diastereomers by HPLC.

Step Fl-7 Ethyl(25',6iS)-2-[[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl](isopropyl)amino]heptanoate hydrochloride.

Unpurifϊed ethyl(2iS,65)-2-[[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl](isopropyl)amino]-6-{[(ιS- tert-butylsulfinyl] amino} heptanoate from Step Fl-6 was dissolved in 41 mL MeOH, after which IM HCl in Et₂O (32.0 mL, 32.0 mmol) was added. After 30 minutes of stirring at room temperature, the reaction mixture was concentrated, and the resulting amine was subsequently used without further purification. MS: M+H = 386.

Step Fl-8 Ethyl (25,65)-2-[[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl](isopropyl)amino]-6-({(25)-2- [(methoxycarbonyl)amino] -3 ,3 -diphenylpropanoyl } amino)heptanoate

To a solution of ethyl(2S,6S)-2-[[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl](isopropyl)- aminojheptanoate hydrochloride in 27 mL THF and 27 mL saturated aqueous NaHCθ3 was added methyl[(15)-2-[(2,5-dioxo-l-pyrrolidinyl)oxy]-l-(diphenylmethyl)-2-oxoethyl]carbamate (2.13 g, 5.38 mmol). After 16 hours of stirring at room temperature, the reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc and H₂O. The resulting layers were separated, and the organic layer was washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated. The concentrate was purified by silica gel chromatography (30->90% EtOAc/hexanes) to cleanly obtain the desired 6-methyl diastereomer generated in Step F 1-6 via reduction of the in situ formed Ellman sulfinyl imine. MS: M+H = 667.

Step Fl-9 Methyl[(lS)-2-({(l S, 5S)-5-[[(4-ammophenyl)sulfonyl](isopropyl)amino]6- hydroxy- 1 -methy lhexyl } amino)- 1 -(diphenylmethyl)-2-oxoethyl] carbamate . To a solution of ethyl (2S,6S)-2-[[(4aminophenyl)sulfonyl](isopropyl) amino] -6- ({(25)-2-[(methoxycarbonyl)amino]-3,3-diphenylpropanoyl}amino)heptanoate (2.07g, 3.10 mmol) in 21 mL THF was added LiBH4 in THF (2M, 7.76 mL, 15.52 mmol). After 16 hours of stirring at room temperature, the reaction mixture was cooled to 0 ⁰C and quenched by the addition of EtOAc, MeOH and saturated aqueous NH₄Cl in that order. The quenched mixture was then diluted with more EtOAc, and the resulting organic layer was washed with H₂O and brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated. The concentrate was purified by silica gel chromatography (30->90% EtOAc/hexanes) to obtain desired the desired product as a white foam. MS: M+H = 625. lH NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ 7.61 (d, J - 8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.32-7.18 (m, 5H), 6.67 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 2H), 5.31 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, IH), 5.12 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, IH), 4.75 (t, J = 9.8 Hz, IH), 4.45 (d, J = 9.8 Hz, IH), 4.35 (s, IH), 3.68-3.55 (m, 5H), 3.59 (s, 3H), 3.25-3.19 (m, IH), 2.81 (s, IH), 1.38 (d, J = 6.6 Hz, 3H), 1.26 (d, J = 6.8 Hz, 3H), 1.31-1.23 (m, 3H)₅ ).87 (d, J = 6.5 Hz), 0.84 (m, 3H), 0.615 (s, IH), 0.38 (s, IH).

EXAMPLE F2

N- {( 1 S,5S)-5 -[ [(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl] (propyl)amino] -6-hydroxy- 1 -methy lhexyl } -Na- (methoxycarbonyl)-β-phenyl-L-phenylalaninamide

Example F2 was prepared using procedures similar to those described in the preparation of Example Fl, using the appropriate building blocks analogous to those in Example Fl. M+l = 625.

EXAMPLE Hl

N-[(l/?,55)-5-[[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl](propyl)amino]-6-hydroxy-l-(trifluoromethyl)hexyl]- Nα-(methoxycarbonyl)-β-phenyl-L-phenylalaninamide

Step Hl-I Methyl(2S, 4E)-2-{[(4-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl]amino}-6-oxo-4-hexenoate

To a solution of methyl (2S)-)-2-{[(4-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl]amino}-4-pentenoate (5.0Og, 15.91 mmol) (synthesized as described in Step Fl-I and Step F 1-2, with EtOH being substituted with MeOH in the first step) in 200 mL CH2CI2 was added crotonaldehyde (5.27 mL,

63.6 mmol) and Grubbs 2^nd generation catalyst (1.35g, 1.59 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated at 6O⁰C for 30 minutes, concentrated and purified by silica gel chromatography (10->70% EtOAc/hexanes) to afford the title compound.

Step Hl-2 Methyl (2S, 4E, 6E)-6-{[(S-tert-butylsulfinyl]imino}-2-{[(4- nitrophenyl)sulfonyl]amino}-4-hexenoate.

To a solution of methyl(2S, 4E)-2-{[(4-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl]amino}-6-oxo-4- hexenoate in 58 mL THF at 0°C was added S-tert-butane sulfinamide, followed by Ti(0Et)4. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm slowly to room temperature over several hours. After 18 hours, the reaction mixture was cooled to 0°C and diluted with EtOAc. Brine (-10 mL) was then added and the mixture stirred vigorously at room temperature for 20 minutes. The reaction mixture was then filtered through a pad of celite, rinsing with fresh EtOAc. The filtrate was concentrated and the concentrate was purified by silica gel chromatography to obtain (30->80% EtOAc/hexanes) to obtain desired product. MS: M+H = 460.

Step Hl-3 Methyl(2S, 4E, 6R)-6-{[(tert-butylsulfinyl]amino}-7,7,7-trifluoro-2-{[(4- nitrophenyl)sulfonyl]amino}-4-heptenoate

To a solution of methyl(2S, 4E, 6E)-6-{[(S-tert-butylsulfmyl]imino}-2-{[(4- nitrophenyl)sulfonyl]amino}-4-hexenoate (1.62g, 3.59 mmol) in 36 mL THF at 0°C was added TMS-CF3 (1.28g, 8.98 mmol), followed by TMAF (0.87 mL, 8.98 mmol). After 1.5 hours of stirring at 0°C, the reaction mixture was quenched by the addition of saturated aqueous NH4CI and diluted with EtOAc and H2O. The layers were then separated and the organics were were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated to obtain the title product which was subsequently used in Step H 1-4 without further purification. MS: M+H = 516.

Step Hl-4 Methyl(2S, 4E, 6R)-6-amino-7,7,7-trifluoro-2-{[(4-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl]amino}- 4-heptenoate hydrochloride

To a solution of unpurified methyl(2S, 4E, 6R)-6-{[(tert-butylsulfinyl] amino }- 7,7,7-trifluoro-2-{[(4-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl]amino}-4-heptenoate (1.8Og, 3.49 mmol) from Step Hl -3 in 29 niL MeOH was added 4M HCl in dioxane (7.0 mL, 27.9 mmol). After 2 hours of stirring at room temperature, the reaction mixture was concentrated and used without further purification in Step Hl-5. MS: M+H = 412.

Step Hl-5 Methyl(2S, 4E, 6R)-)-7,7,7-trifluoro-6-({(2S)-2-[(methoxycarbonyl)amino]-3,3- diphenylpropanoyl } amino)-2- { [(4-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl] amino } heptenoate

To a solution of unpurified methyl (2S, 4E, 6R)-6-amino-7,7,7-trifluoro-2-{[(4- nitrophenyl)sulfonyl] amino }-4-heptenoate hydrochloride (1.4Og, 3.40 mmol) from Step Hl-4 and 2S-2-[(methoxycarbonyl)amino]-3,3-diphenylpropanoic acid (1.12g, 3.74 mmol) in in 38 mL DMF was added diisopropylethylamine (1.50 mL, 8.51 mmol) and PyBrOP (2.06g, 4.42 mmol). The reaction mixture was allowed to proceed at room temperature with stirring for 16 hours, and was then quenched by the addition of saturated, aqueous NaHCθ3. The quenched reaction mixture was then diluted with EtOAc, the resulting layers were separated, and the organics were washed with 3M LiCl (3x) and brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated. The concentrate was purified by silica gel chromatography (20->80% EtOAc/hexanes) to obtain desired product. MS: M+H = 693.

Step Hl-6 Methyl(2S, 4E, 6R)-)-7,7,7-trifluoro-6-({(2S)-2-[(methoxycarbonyl)amino]-3,3- diphenylpropanoyl } amino)-2- [ [(4-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl] (propyl)amino] heptenoate

To a solution of methyl(2S, 4E, 6R)-)-7,7,7-trifluoro-6-({(2S)-2-

[(methoxycarbony l)amino] -3,3 -diphenylpropanoyl } amino)-2- { [(4- nitrophenyl)sulfonyl] amino }heptenoate (0.24Og, 0.340 mmol) in 4 mL THF was added n-propanol (0.130 mL, 1.70 mmol), Ph3P (267 mg, 1.02 mmol) and DIAD (0.200 mL, 1.02 mmol). After 16 hours, the reaction ws concentrated and purified by silica gel chromatography (20->55% EtOAc/hexanes) to afford the desired product (0.25Og) as a white foam. MS: M+H = 735.

Step H 1-7 Methyl(2S,6R)-)-7,7,7-trifluoro-6-({(2S)-2-[(methoxycarbonyl)amino]-3,3- diphenylpropanoyl } amino)-2- [ [(4-aminophenyl) sulfonyl] (propyl)amino]heptanoate .

To a solution of methyl(2S, 4E, 6R)-)-7,7,7-trifiuoro-6-({(2S)-2- [(methoxycarbonyl)amino]-3,3-diphenylpropanoyl}amino)-2-[[(4-iήtrophenyl)sulfonyl] (propyl)amino]heptenoate (0.25Og, 0.340 mmol) in 3 mL EtOH was added Pd(OH)2 (20% on carbon, 71.7 mg, 0.102 mmol). A H2 balloon was attached, and the flask was evacuated/backfilled with H2 (3x). After 3 hours of stirring at room temperature, the flask was evacuated/backfilled with N2, and the reaction mixture was filtered through a pad of celite under N2, rinsing with CH2C12- The organics were concentrated to provide the desired product. MS: M+H - 707.

Step Hl-8 Methyl[(lS)-2-{[(lR,5S)-5-[[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl](propyl)amino]-6- hydroxy- 1 -(trifluoromethyl)hexyl] amino } - 1 -(diphenylmethyl)-2- oxoethyljcarbamate To a solution of methyl(2S,6R)-)-7,7,7-trifluoro-6-({(2S)-2-

[(methoxycarbonyl)amino] -3 ,3 -diphenylpropanoyl } amino)-2- [ [(4-aminophenyl) sulfonyl] (propyl)amino]heptanoate (0.24Og, 0.340 mmol) in 3.5 mL THF was added 2M UBH4 (0.680 mL, 1.36 mmol). After 16 hours of stirring at room temperature, the reaction mixture was cooled to 0⁰C and quenched by the addition of EtOAc, MeOH and saturated aqueous NH4C1 in that order. The quenched mixture was then diluted with more EtOAc, and the organics were washed with H2O and brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated. The concentrate was purified by preparative HPLC (5->95% CH3CN/H2O). MS: M+H - 679. lH NMR (400 MHz, MeOD) δ 8.48 (d, J - 9.4 Hz, IH), 7.54 (d, J = 9.8 Hz, 2H), 7.37-7.26 (m, 4H), 7.24-7.14 (m, 6H), 6.76 (d, J = 9.8 Hz, 2H), 5.08 (d, J = 11.7 Hz, IH), 4.34 (d, J = 11.7 Hz, IH), 4.12-4.11 (m, IH), 3.52 (s, 3H), 3.49-3.31 (m, 4H), 3.09-2.96 (m, 2H), 1.63-1.43 (m, 3H), 1.33-1.27 (m, IH), 1.18-1.09 (m, 2H), 0.97 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 3H), 0.58 (m, 2H).

EXAMPLE H3

N-[( 1 R,5S)-5- [ [(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl] (isopropyl)amino] -6-hydroxy- 1 -(trifluoromethyl)hexyl] - Mi-(methoxycarbonyl)-β-phenyl-L-phenylalaninamide

Example H3 was prepared using procedures similar to those described in the preparation of Example Hl, using the appropriate building blocks analogous to those in Example Hl. M+l = 679.

EXAMPLE Jl

N- { ( 1 S, 5S)- 1 -ethyl-6-hydroxy-5 - [ { [4-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl] sulfonyl } (3 - methylbutyl)amino]hexyl}-Nα-(methoxycarbonyl)-β-phenyl-L-phenylalaninamide

Step Jl-I : methyl 6-(benzyloxy)-L-norleucinate hydrochloride

Through a suspension of methyl 6-(benzyloxy)-L-norleucine

(AdvancedChemTech YL2375, 10.92 g, 46 mmol) in MeOH (460 mL) was bubbled HCl(g) for 10 minutes. The reaction mixture was then heated at 50°C for 4 hours, then allowed to cool to room temperature. Nitrogen gas was then bubbled through the mixture for 10 minutes, after which the mixture was concentrate in vacuo, reconcentrated from DCM three times to give the desired product as a white solid. MS M+l = 252.

Step J 1 -2 : methyl 6-(benzy \oxy)-N- { [4-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl] sulfonyl } -L-norleucinate

To a solution of methyl 6-(benzyloxy)-L-norleucinate hydrochloride (15 g, 52.1 mmol) in DCM (261 mL) was added triethylamine (15.98 mL, 115 mmol) followed by 4- carbomethoxy-phenylsulfonyl chloride (12.48 g, 53.2 mmol) by portions. After 15 minutes of stirring at room temperature, the reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo to 1/3 volume, diluted with EtOAc, washed with 10% KHSO4, saturated aqueous NaHCθ3, and then brine, and then dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo to give the desired product as a crude solid. MS M+l = 450.

Step Jl-3: methyl 6-(benzyloxy)-iV-{[4-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl] sulfonyl }-7V-(3- methylbutyl)-L-norleucinate

To a solution of methyl 6-(benzyloxy)-iV-{[4-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl]- sulfonyl} -L-norleucinate (3 g, 6.67 mmol), triphenylphosphine (2.63 g, 10.01 mmol) and 3- methyl-1-butanol (3.64 mL, 33.4 mmol) in THF (66.7 mL) was added DEAD (1.585 mL, 10.01 mmol) dropwise. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography (30Og silica, 10 to 40% EtOAc in hexane) to give of the desired product as a clear oil. MS M+Na = 542. Step Jl-4: N-[(lS)-5-(benzyloxy)-l-(hydroxymethyl)pentyl]-4-(hydroxymethyl)-N-(3- methylbutyl)benzenesulfonamide

To a solution of methyl 6-(benzyloxy)-7V-{[4-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl]- sulfonyl}-N-(3-methylbutyl)-L-norleucinate (3 g, 5.77 mmol) in THF (38.5 mL), cooled to 0°C was added LAH (IM in Et2θ, 11.55 mL, 11.55 mmol) and the reaction mixture was stirred at

0°C for 20 minutes. Water (456 μL) was then added dropwise, followed by the dropwise addition of 456 μL 15% NaOH and then 1368 μL water. After 5 minutes of vigorous stirring at room temperature, the reaction mixture was filtered on cellite and concentrated in vacuo to give the desired product. MS M+l = 464.

Step Jl-5: N-[(15)-5-(benzyloxy)-l-({[tert-butyl(diphenyl)silyl]oxy}methyl)pentyl]-4-

({[tert-butyl(diphenyl)silyl]oxy}methyl)-N-(3-methylbutyl)benzenesulfonamide

To a solution of N-[(15)-5-(benzyloxy)-l-(hydroxymethyl)pentyl]-4-

(hydroxymethyl)-iV-(3-methylbutyl)benzenesulfonamide (2.68 g, 5.78 mmol), imidazole (866 mg, 12.72 mmol) and DMAP (71 mg, 0.578 mmol) in DCM (58 mL) was added TBDPSCl (3.04 mL, 11.85 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight, concentrated in vacuo to 1/3 volume, diluted with Et2θ, washed with 10% KHSO4, saturated aqueous ΝaHCθ3, and brine, then dried over sodium sulfate, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography (300 g silica, o to 30% EtOAc in hexane) to give the desired product.

Step J 1 -6: 4-({ [tert-butyl(diphenyl)silyl]oxy}methyl)-Λ4(lS)-l -({ [tert- butyl(diphenyl)silyl]oxy}methyl)-5-hydroxypentyl]-N-(3- methylbutyl)benzenesulfonamide

A solution of N-[(15)-5-(benzyloxy)- 1 -({ [ter/-butyl(diphenyl)silyl]oxy}methyl)- pentyl] -4-( { [tert-butyl(diphenyl)silyl]oxy } methyl)-iV-(3 -methylbutyl)benzenesulfonamide (5.44 g, 5.78 mmol) in EtOH (116 mL) was vacuum purged with argon, 10% Pd/C was added (3.08 g) very carefully under an argon flow. The reaction mixture was hydrogenated under 1 atm H2, at room temperature for 16 hours. The reaction mixture was vacuum purged with argon, 10% Pd/C was added (5 g) very carefully under an argon flow and the reaction mixture resubmitted to 1 atm H2, at room temperature for 4 days. The reaction mixture was then filtered carefully under N2 flow, rinsed with EtOH, and concentrated in vacuo to give the desired product.

Step Jl -7: 4-({ [te^butyl(diphenyl)silyl]oxy}methyl)-N-[(lS> 1 -({ [tert- butyl(diphenyl)silyl]oxy}methyl)-5-oxopentyl]-N-(3- methylbutyl)benzenesulfonamide

To a solution of 4-({ [ter/-butyl(diphenyl)silyl]oxy}methyl)-N-[(lS)- 1 -({[tert- butyl(diphenyl)silyl] oxy } methyl)-5 -hydroxypentyl] -N-(3 -methylbutyl)benzenesulfonamide (4 g, 4.7 mmol) and NMO (661 mg, 5.65 mmol) in DCM (47 mL) was added 3 g 4A sieves, activated, and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 5 minutes. TPAP (165 mg, 0.47 mmol) was then added by portions, and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 45 minutes, filtered on a plug of silica gel, eluting with 25% EtOAc in hexane, to give after concentration the desired product.

Step Jl-8: (65,10E)-6-[{[4-({[te^-butyl(diphenyl)silyl]oxy}methyl)phenyl]sulfonyl}(3- methylbutyl)amino]-2,2,13,13-tetramethyl-3,3-diphenyl-4-oxa-12-thionia-l l-aza- 3-silatetradec-10-en-12-olate

4-( { [tert-butyl(diphenyl)silyl] oxy } methyl)-N- [( 1 S)- 1 -( { [tert- butyl(diphenyl)silyl]oxy}methyl)-5-oxopentyl]-N-(3-methylbutyl)benzenesulfonamide (2.0 g, 2.7 mmol) was dissolved in methylene chloride (25 mL) under a nitrogen atmosphere. Magnesium sulfate (2.8 g, 23.6 mmol), (R)-(+)-tert-butanesulfinamide (430 mg, 3.5 mmol), pyridinium p- toluene-sulfonate (30 mg, 0.11 mmol) were all added portionwise as solids to the stirring solution. The reaction was stirred for 36 hours at room temperature, and was then filtered over a celite pad and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting crude oil was purified using silica gel chromatography (300 g, using 0-40% ethyl acetate in hexane gradient) to yield the desired product.

Step Jl -9: (6S, 105)-6-[{ [4-({ [tert-butyl(diphenyl)silyl]oxy}methyl)phenyl]sulfonyl} (3- methylbutyl)amino] - 1 O-ethyl-2,2, 13,13 -tetramethyl-3 ,3-diphenyl-4-oxa- 12- thionia- 11 -aza-3 -silatetradecan- 12-olate

6S, 10E)-6- [ { [4-( { [tert-butyl(diphenyl)silyl] oxy } methyl)phenyl] sulfonyl } (3 - methylbutyl)amino] -2,2, 13 , 13 -tetramethyl-3 ,3 -diphenyl-4-oxa- 12-thionia- 11 -aza-3 -silatetradec- 10-en-l 2-olate (1.6 g, 1.6 mmol) was dissolved in anhydrous methylene chloride (16 mL) and cooled to O⁰C under nitrogen atmosphere. Ethyl magnesium bromide (0.82 mL, 2.4 mmol, 3 M solution) was added dropwise to the stirring solution. The reaction mixture was stirred at O⁰C for 3 hours, and then quenched with saturated ammonium chloride solution. The desired product was extracted from the biphasic system with methylene chloride, and the organics were combined, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo. The crude oil was purified using silica gel chromatography (300 g, using a 15-70% ethyl acetate in hexane gradient) to afford the desired isomer as a clear oil. The desired isomer was the second isomer to elute via normal phase chromatography.

Step J 1 - 10 : N- [( 1 S,5S)-5 -amino- 1 -(hydroxymethyl)heptyl] -4-(hydroxymethyl)-N-(3 - methylbutyl)benzenesulfonamide

(65, 105)-6-[{ [4-({ [tert-butyl(diphenyl)silyl]oxy}methyl)phenyl]sulfonyl}(3- methylbutyl)amino] - 10-ethyl-2,2, 13,13 -tetramethyl-3 ,3 -diphenyl-4-oxa- 12-thionia- 11 -aza-3 - silatetradecan-12-olate (1.5 g, 1.5 mmol) was dissolved in methanol (15 mL) and hydrochloric acid (3.7 mL, 15 mmol, 4 M solution) was added dropwise to the solution. The reaction was stirred for 6 hours at room temperature. The solution was concentrated in vacuo and the resulting crude oil was purified using SCX using methanol followed by 2 M ammonia in methanol solution to elute the desired compound. LCMS (M+ 1) = 401.

Step Jl-I l : N-{(15,5S)-l-ethyl-6-hydroxy-5-[{[4-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl]sulfonyl}(3- methylbutyl)amino] hexyl } -Nα-(methoxycarbonyl)-β-phenyl-L-phenylalariinamide N-[( 1 S;5S)-5-amiiio- 1 -(hydroxymethyl)heptyl]-4-(hydroxymethyl)-N-(3- methylbutyl)benzenesulfonamide (450 mg, 1.1 mmol), N-(methoxycarbonyl)-β-phenyl-L- phenylalanine (335 mg, 1.1 mmol), EDC (237 mg, 1.2 mmol), and HOAt (43 mg, 0.3 mmol) were dissolved in DMF (11 mL) under nitrogen atmosphere and allowed to stir at room temperature for 16 hours. The solution was diluted with ethyl acetate, washed with 10% potassium monohydrogen sulfate, saturated sodium bicarbonate, lithium chloride, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo. The crude oil was purified using silica gel chromatography (100 g, using a 70-100% ethyl acetate in hexane gradient) to afford the desired product as a clear oil. lH NMR (CDCI3): δ 7.8 (d, J= 8.1 Hz, 2H), 7.55 (d, J= 8.1 Hz, 2H), 7.4-

7.2 (m, 10H), 6.1 (br s, IH), 5.2 (m, IH), 4.95 (d, J= 12 Hz, IH), 4.85 (m, IH), 4.75 (d, J= 12 Hz, IH), 4.65 (br s, IH), 4.4 (m, IH), 3.6 (s, 3H), 3.75 (s, 2H), 3.4 (s, 2H), 3.3 (m, IH), 3.0 (m, IH), 2.6 (br s, IH), 1.8-1.6 (m, 2H), 1.55 (q, J= 7.3 Hz, 2H), 1.1-0.8 (m, 13H), 0.7 (t, J= 7.3 Hz, 3H). LCMS (M+l) = 682.

EXAMPLE J2

N- [( 1 R, 55)-6-hydroxy-5 - [ { [4-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl] sulfonyl } (3 -methylbutyl)amino] - 1 - (trifluoromethyl)hexyl]-Nα-(methoxycarbonyl)-β-phenyl-L-phenylalaninamide

Step J2-1 : 4-({[/ert-butyl(diphenyl)silyl]oxy}methyl)-N-((15',5E)-l-({[rert- butyl(diphenyl)silyl]oxy}methyl)-5-{[(5)-tert-butylsulfinyl]imino}pentyl)-N-(3- methylbutyl)benzenesulfonamide

To a solution of 4-( { [tert-butyl(diphenyl)silyl] oxy } methyl)-7V- [( 1 S)- 1 -( { [tert- butyl(diphenyl)silyl]oxy}methyl)-5-oxopentyl]-jV-(3-methylbutyl)benzenesulfonamide (Step Jl- 7, 240 mg, 0.283 mmol), S-2-methylpropane-2-sulfinamide (S-Ellman sulfonamide, 38 mg, 0.311 mmol) and PPTS (7 mg, 0.028 mmol) was added magnesium sulfate (340 mg, 2.83 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours and purified by flash chromatography (silica, 40 g, 0 to 40% EtOAc in hexane) to give the desired product.

Step J2-2: N-[(15,5/?)-5-{[(S)-ter/-butylsulfinyl]amino}-6,6,6-trifluoro-l-

(hydroxymethyl)hexyl]-4-(hydroxymethyl)-iV-(3-methylbutyl)benzenesulfonamide

To a solution of 4-({[terr-butyl(diphenyl)silyl]oxy}methyl)-N-((15,5E)-l-({[/err- butyl(diphenyl)silyl]oxy}memyl)-5-{[(iS)-tert-bu1ylsulimyl]imino}pentyl)-N-(3- methylbutyl)benzenesulfonamide (60 mg, 0.063 mmol) in THF (1.2 mL) was added trifluoromethyltrimethylsilane (30 μL, 0.198 mmol) and tetramethylammonium fluoride (35 mg, 0.378 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 days and purified by preparative HPLC to give the desired product. MS: M+l = 545.

Step J2-3: N-[(15,5i?)-5-amino-6,6,6-trifluoro-l-(hydroxymethyl)hexyl]-4-(hydroxymethyl)- N-(3 -methylbutyl)benzenesulfonamide hydrochloride

To a solution of N-[(15,5i?)-5-{[(5)-ter/-butylsulfinyl]amino}-6,6,6-trifluoro-l- (hydroxymethyl)hexyl]-4-(hydroxymethyl)-iV-(3-methylbutyl)benzenesulfonainide (12 mg, 0.022 mmol) in MeOH (440 μL) was added 4N HCL (4 mL) in dioxane. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 90 minutes and concentrated in vacuo to give the desired product. MS: M+1 = 441.

Step J2-4 : N- [( 1 R, 5S)-6-hydroxy-5 - [ { [4-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl] sulfonyl } (3 - methylbutyl)amino] - 1 -(trifiuoromethyl)hexyl] -iVα-(methoxycarbonyl)-β-phenyl-L- phenylalaninamide

To a solution of iV-[(lS',5i?)-5-amino-6,6,6-trifluoro-l-(hydroxymethyl)hexyl]-4- (hydroxymethyl)-N-(3-methylbutyl)benzenesulfonamide hydrochloride (10 mg, 0.023 mmol) in DMF (450 μL) was added N-(methoxycarbonyl)-β-phenyl-L-phenylalanine (6.8 mg, 0.023 mmol), Hunig's base (8 μL, 0.045 mmol) and PyBrOP (12.7 mg, 0.027 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight and purified by preparative HPLC to give the desired product N-[( 1 i?,55)-6-hydroxy-5- [ { [4-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl] sulfonyl } (3 - methylbutyl)amino]-l-(trifluoromethyl)hexyl]-Mi-(methoxycarbonyl)-β-phenyl-L- phenylalaninamide after EtOAc extraction of NaHCOβ basified fractions. MS: M+l = 722. lH NMR (400 MHz, ώμMeOH) δ 7.81 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.53 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.38-7.34 (m, 4H), 7.30-7.10 (m, 6H), 5.06 (d, J = 11.8 Hz, IH), 4.70 (s, 2H), 4.33 (d, J = 11.8 Hz, IH), 4.10- 4.00 (m, IH), 3.65-3.56 (m, 2H), 3.52 (s, 3H), 3.43-3.36 (m, 2H), 3.25-3.15 (m, IH), 3.15-3.03 (m, IH), 1.60-1.05 (m, 8H), 0.92 (d, J = 6.2 Hz, 6H), 0.60-0.45 (m, 2H).

EXAMPLE J3 N-{(ϋ?,55)-l-cyclopropyl-6-hydroxy-5-[({4-[(15)-l-hydroxyethyl]phenyl}sulfonyl)(3- methylbutyl)amino]hexyl}-4-fluoro-β-(4-fluorophenyl)-Nα-(methoxycarbonyl)-L- phenylalaninamide

Step J3-1: methyl N-[(4-acetylphenyl)sulfonyl]-6-(benzyloxy)-7V-(3-methylbutyl)-L- norleucinate

Methyl N-[(4-acetylphenyl)sulfonyl]-6-(benzyloxy)-N-(3-methylbutyl)-L- norleucinate was prepared from methyl 6-(benzyloxy)-L-norleucine and 4-acetylbenzenesulfonyl chloride using a procedure similar to that described in the preparation of Example Jl. MS: M+Na = 526.

Step J3-2: methyl 6-(benzyloxy)-iV-({4-[(15)-l-hydroxyethyl]phenyl}sulfonyl)-N-(3- methylbutyl)-L-norleucinate

To a solution of methyl N-[(4-acetylphenyl)sulfonyl]-6-(benzyloxy)-iV-(3- methylbutyl)-L-norleucinate (2.23 g, 4.43 mmol) and (R)-2-methyl-CBS-oxazaborolidine (9.74 mL, 9.74 mmol, IM toluene) in THF (44 mL) cooled to O⁰C was added borane THF complex (3.54 mL, 3.54 mmol, IM THF) dropwise. After 2 hours stirring at O⁰C, additional borane THF complex (3.5 mL, 3.5 mmol, IM THF) was added. After another 45 minutes stirring at O⁰C the reaction mixture was quenched with MeOH and acetone, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash chromatography (12O g silica, 35 to 75% EtOAC in hexane) to provide the desired alcohol as a clear oil. MS M+l = 506. Subsequent Mosher ester analysis indicated a 85:15 diastereomeric mixture.

Step J3-3: N-[(15)-5-(benzyloxy)-l-(hydroxymethyl)pentyl]-4-[(15)-l-hydroxyethyl]-iV-(3- methylbutyl)benzenesulfonamide

To a solution of methyl 6-(benzyloxy)-N-({4-[(lS)-l-hydroxyethyl]phenyl}- sulfonyl)-N-(3-methylbutyl)-L-norleucinate (2.15 g, 4.25 mmol) in THF (14 mL) was slowly added lithium borohydride (10.6 mL, 21.3 mmol, 2M THF). After 4 hours stirring at room temperature, the reaction mixture was cooled to O⁰C, quenched with MeOH and EtOAc, warmed to room temperature, diluted with EtOAc and 50 mL IN NaOH. After vigorous stirring for 10 minutes, the organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo to afford the desired product as an oil. MS M+Na = 500.

Steps J3-4 to J3-10: N-{(U?,55)-l-cyclopropyl-6-hydroxy-5-[({4-[(15)-l- hydroxyethyl]phenyl}sulfonyl)(3-methylbutyl)amino]hexyl}-4-fluoro-β-(4- fluorophenyl)-Mx-(methoxycarbonyl)-L-phenylalaninamide 7V-{(li?,5S)-l-cyclopropyl-6-hydroxy-5-[({4-[(15)-l- hydroxyethyl]phenyl}sulfonyl)(3-methylbutyl)amino]hexyl}-4-fluoro-β-(4-fluorophenyl)-Nα- (methoxycarbonyl)-L-phenylalaninamide was prepared from N-[(15)-5-(benzyloxy)-l- (hydroxymethyl)pentyl] -4- [( 1 S)- 1 -hydroxyethyl] -N-(3 -methylbutyl)benzenesulfonamide,

TBDPS-Cl, (R)-(+)-tert-butanesulfinamide, cyclopropyl magnesium bromide and 4-fluoro-β-(4- fluorophenyl)-N-(methoxycarbonyl)-L-phenylalanine using a procedure similar to that desribed in Example Jl, steps Jl-5 to Jl-11. MS M+l = 744. lH NMR (d4 MeOH): δ 7.81 (d, J= 8.2

Hz, 2H), 7.55 (d, J= 8.2 Hz, 2H), 7.40-7.28 (m, 4H), 7.05-6.95 (m, 4H), 4.95-4.80 (m, 2H), 4.31 (d, J= 11.9 Hz, IH), 3.72-3.62 (m, IH), 3.54 (s, 3H), 3.48-3.36 (m, 2H), 3.24-3.03 (m, 2H),

2.94-2.84 (m, IH), 1.60-0.65 (m, 10H), 1.45 (d, J= 6.5 Hz, 3H), 0.90 (d, J= 6.2 Hz, 6H), 0.45- 0.30 (m, 2H), 0.21-0.04 (m, 2H).

EXAMPLE J27 N-{(15,55)-l-ethyl-6-hydroxy-5-[{[4-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl]sulfonyl}(3- methylbutyl)amino]hexyl}-Nα-methyl-β-phenyl-L-phenylalaninamide

Example J27 was prepared using a procedure analogous to that described in Example J3 with the addition of Boc removal as the last step. M+l = 638.

EXAMPLE Kl

N- { ( 1 S, 5iS)-6-hydroxy-5 - [ { [4-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl] sulfonyl } (isopropyl)amino] - 1 - methylhexyl } -Nα-(methoxycarbonyl)-β-phenyl-L-phenylalaninamide

Step Kl-I Ethyl-2-aminopent-4-enoate hydrochloride

The synthesis of this intermediate was prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example Fl-I with the modification of using methanol as the solvent.

Step Kl -2 Methyl 4-(N-(I -methoxy- 1 -oxopent-4-en-2-yl)sulfamoyl)benzoate

To a solution of ethyl (2S)-2-amino-4-pentenoate hydrochloride (12.01g, 66.9 mmol) in 223 mL CH2CI2 was added triethylamine (20.0 mL, 140 mmol) and 4- carbomethoxyphenylsulfonyl chloride (14.67g, 66.2 mmol). The reaction was allowed to proceed at room temperature for 16 hours, then diluted with EA and washed with 0.5M HCl (2x), saturated aqueous NaHCθ3 and brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated to obtain the desired product that was used without further purification.

Step Kl -3 Methyl 4-( { isopropyl [(15-1 -(methoxycarbonyl)-3 -buten- 1 ^■ yl]amino)sulfonyl)benzoate

To a solution of methyl 4-(N-(I -methoxy-1 -oxopent-4-en-2- yl)sulfamoyl)benzoate (1.97 g, 5.77 mmol) in 30 mL THF was added Ph₃P (3.03 g, 11.54 mmol), /-PrOH (1.73 g, 28.9 mmol) and DIAD (2.24 mL, 11.5 mmol). After overnight stirring, the reaction mixture was concentrated and purified residue by silica gel chromatography (gradient: 20 to 100% EA/hexanes) to obtain the desired product. MS(M+H = 383).

Step K 1-4 4-(hydroxymethyl)-N-[(15'-l-(hydroxymethyl)-3-buten-l-yl]-N- isopropylbenzenesulfonamide

A stirring solution containing methyl 4-({isopropyl[(liS'-l-(methoxycarbonyl)-3- buten-l-yl]amino)sulfonyl)benzoate (5.64 g, 15.27 mmol) and 51 mL anhydrous THF was chilled to 0°C and maintained under an inert atmosphere (nitrogen). To the chilled solution was added 30.5 mL LiAlH4 (1 M in THF, 30.5 mmol) via syringe. The resulting mixture was allowed to stir for 30 minutes at 0°C. To the reaction mixture was added 15 mL 4N HCl and the resulting mixture was stirred until it was homogeneous. EtOAc was added to the acidified reaction mixture, and the organic layers were separated from the aqueous layer. The organics were washed with brine, and dried over Na2SO4 to afford the diol, which was used without further purification in the next step. MS (M+ 1=314).

Step Kl -5 4-({ [tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}methyl)-iV-[(l_lS- 1 -1 ({ [tert- butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy)methyl)-3-buten-l-yl]-7V-isopropylbenzenesulfonamide

To a solution containing 4-(hydroxymethyl)-7V- [(15-1 -(hydroxymethyl)-3 -buten- 1 - yl]-N-isopropylbenzenesulfonamide (4.5 g, 14.36 mmol) and 15 mL anhydrous DCM was added sequentially ter/-butyldimethyl chloride (6.49 g, 43.1 mmol), imidazole (2.93g, 43.1 mmol), and DMAP (3.51 g, 28.7 mmol). The resulting solution was stirred for 12 hours at room temperature. The reaction mixture was concentrated under vacuum and chromatographed (gradient: 20%-50% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to afford benzyl silyl ether. MS (M+l = 542).

Step Kl-6 4-({[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}methyl)-N-[(15,35)-l-l({[/e^- butyl(dimethyl)silyl] oxy)methyl)-5 -oxo-3 -penten- 1 -yl] -N- isopropylbenzenesulfonamide

To a stirring solution 4-({[ter/-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}methyl)-Λ^r-[(15'-l- 1 ( { [te/-t-butyl(dimethyl)silyl] oxy)methyl)-3 -buten- 1 -yl] -jV-isopropylbenzenesulfonamide (4.3O g, 5.44 mmol), crotonaldehyde (4 mL, 3.38 g, 48.3 mmol), in 75 mL DCM was added Grubbs¹ 2^nd Generation catalyst (0.231 g, 0.272 mmol). A reflux condenser was attached to the reaction vessel that also has a N2 inlet. The reaction mixture was heated to reflux in a silicone oil bath under nitrogen for 30 minutes then allowed to cool to room temperature. The reaction mixture was then concentrated under vacuum and chromatographed (gradient: 20%- 100% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to afford enal.

Step Kl-7 4-({[/ert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}methyl)-N-[(15,35)-l-l({[tert- butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy)methyl)-5-oxo-3-pentyl]-7V- isopropylbenzenesulfonamide

To a solution containing 4-({[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}methyl)-N-[(liS',35)-l- l({[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy)methyl)-5-oxo-3-penten-l-yl]-N-isopropylbenzenesulfonamide (3.00 g, 5.42 mmol) in 28.6 mL ethyl acetate was added 10% Pd/C (0.579g, 0.544 mmol). The resulting mixture was hydrogenated under STP for 1.5 hours. The reaction mixture was then filtered through celite and concentrated under vacuum to afford the aldehyde .

Step Kl-8 4-({[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}methyl)-N-[(15,5E)-l-l({[tert- butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy)methyl)-5-{[(S)-tert-butylsulfinyl]imino)pentyl)-N- isopropylbenzenesilfonamide

To a solution containing 4-({[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}methyl)-N-[(lS',3S)-l- 1 ( { [tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy)methyl)-5 -oxo-3 -pentyl] -iV-isopropylbenzenesulfonamide (3.01 g, 5.42 mmol) in 13.5 mL anhydrous DCM was added, sequentially, MgSθ4 (3.26g, 27.1 mmol),

(S)-Εllman Sulfinamine (0.985 g, 8.13 mmol), and pyridinum/7-toluene sulfonate (0.136 g, 0.542 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred for 18 hours at room temperature. The reaction mixture was then concentrated under vacuum and chromatographed (gradient: 10% to 80% EtOAc/hexanes) to yield sulfinimine. MS (M+ 1=676).

Step Kl -9 4-({ [fe/-/-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}methyl)-N-[(lS,5E)- 1 - 1 ({ [tert- butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy)methyl)-5-{[(S)-tert-butylsulfmyl]amino)hexyl)-N- isopropylbenzenesilfonamide

A solution of 4-({[rert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}methyl)-iV-[(15,5E)-l-l({[tert- butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy)methyl)-5-{[(5)-tert-butylsulfinyl]imino)pentyl)-N- isopropylbenzenesilfonamide (2.40 g, 3.55 mmol) in 40 mL DCM was chilled to 0°C and maintained under a nitrogen atmosphere. To this chilled solution was added methyl magnesium bromide (2.37 mL, 7.11 mmol, 3.0 M in diethyl ether) dropwise via syringe. The reaction mixture was allowed to stir for 18 hours, at which point the reaction was complete as determined by TLC. The reaction mixture was diluted with saturated ΝH4CI solution and extracted with DCM (3x 10 mL). The combined organics were dried over Na2SO4 to afford sulfinamine which was used directly in the next step.

Step Kl-IO ^-[(l^S^-S-amino-l-^ydroxymethyOhexyη^-^ydroxylmethyO-N- isopropylbenzenesulfonamide

To a solution of 4-({[/err-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}methyl)-7V-[(15',5E)-l-l({[/err- butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy)methyl)-5-{[(5)-tert-butylsulfinyl]amino)hexyl)-iV- isopropylbenzenesilfonamide (2.4Og, 3.47 mmol) in 6.0 mL methanol was added 2M HCl in dioxane (10.42 mL, 20.83 mmol) and the mixture was allowed to stir for 18 hours at room temperature. The reaction mixture was then concentrated under vacuum and chromatographed by Strong Cation Exchange chromatography (SCX) to afford the amine-diol. MS (M+l=359).

Step Kl-11 N-{(15,55)-6-hydroxy-5-[{[4-

(hydroxymethyl)phenyl] sulfonyl } (isopropyl)amino] - 1 -methylhexyl } -N-a-

(methoxycarbonyl)-β-phenyl-L-phenylalaninamide To a solution containing N-[(lS',5.S)-5-amino- 1 -(hydroxymethyl)hexyl]-4-

(hydroxyhnethyl)-N-isopropylbenzenesulfonamide (1.80 g, 4.56 mmol), in 4 mL THF, and 4 mL saturated NaHCOβ solution was added methyl[(15)-2-[(2,5-dioxo-l-pyrrolidinyl)oxy]-l-

(diphenyhnethyl)-2-oxoethyl]carbamate (1.81 g, 4.56 mmol). The resulting mixture was allowed stir for 18 hours at room temperature. After 18 hours, the reaction mixture was diluted with water and ethyl acetate, and the organic and aqueous layers were separated. The organics were collected and dried over Na2SO4, then filtered, concentrated under vacuum, and purified by reverse phase chromatography to afford the desired product. The purification revealed 10:1 mixture of diastereomers, favoring the desired diastereomer. MS (M+l = 640). ^H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3) δ 7.82 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.57 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.35-7.18 (m, 10H), 6.07 (br s, IH), 5.18 (d, J = 9.2 Hz, IH), 4.92-4.71 (m, 3H), 4.53 (br s, IH), 4.38 (d, J = 7 Hz, IH) 3.59 (s, 3H), 3.53-3.49 (m, 4H), 3.29 (br s, IH), 2.83 (br s, IH), 2.89-2.60 (br s, IH), 1.63-1.51 (m, 3H) 1.40-1.33 (m, 3H), 0.89 (m, 2H), 0.74 (d, J = 6.8 Hz, 2H).

EXAMPLE K2

N-{(15,5-S)-l-ethyl-6-hydroxy-5-[({4-[(15)-l-hydroxyethyl]phenyl}sulfonyl)(isopropyl)- amino]hexyl } -Nα-(methoxycarbonyl)-β-phenyl-L-phenylalaninamide

Step K2-1 Ethyl (2S)-2-amino-4-pentenoate hydrochloride

The compound was prepared as described in Step Fl-I of Example Fl.

Step K2-2 ethyl (2S )-2-{[(4-acetylphenyl)sulfonyl]amino}-4-pentenoate

To a solution of ethyl (2S)-2-amino-4-pentenoate hydrochloride K2-1 (2g, 11.13 mmol) and 111 mL DCM was added 4-acetylbenzenesulfonyl chloride (2.19 g, 10.02 mmol) and triethylamine (1.54 mL, 11.13 mmol). The solution was allowed to stir at room temperature for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was then washed three times each with saturated NaHCθ3 solution and brine. The organics were dried over Na2SO4 and chromatographed (gradient: 20%- 50% EtOAc/hexanes) to afford ketone K2-2. LC/MS (M+l - 326).

Step K2-3 Ethyl-(2S)-2-[{4-[(l S) )-l-hydroxyethyl]phenyl}sulfonyl)amino]-4-pentenoate

A solution of K2-2 sulfonamide (1.88 g, 5.80 mmol) in 58 mL anhydrous THF was chilled to 0 °C and kept under nitrogen atmosphere. To this solution was added (R)-(+)-2- methyl-CBS-oxazaborolidine (12.75 mL, 12.75 mmol, 1 M in toluene) via syringe. The resulting solution was allowed to stir for 30 minutes at 0°C, after which borane-THF complex (4.64 mL, 4.64 mmol, 1.0 M in THF) was added dropwise via syringe. The resulting solution was allowed to stir for 2 hours at 0⁰C until the reaction was complete as determined by TLC. The reaction mixture was quenched by the addition of acetone and methanol. The reaction mixture was concentrated under vacuum and chromatographed (gradient: 20%- 100% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to afford desired compound K2-3. LC/MS (M+23 = 350). The diastereomeric purity was established by Mosher ester analysis, according to the procedure set forth in Step K2-4 below.

Step K2-4 Ethyl-(2S)-2-({[4-((lR)-l-{[ tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}ethyl)phenyl]sulfon yl } amino)-4-pentenoate

To a solution containing 100 mg benzyl alcohol K2-3 and 3.05 mL anhydrous

DCM was added 59.7 mg 4-dimethylaminopyridine and 108 mg R-Mosher acid chloride (i.e., α- methoxytrifluorophenylacetyl chloride). The solution was allowed to stir at room temperature for 15 hours. The crude reaction mixture was analyzed by LC/MS (M+23= 546). A diastereomeric ratio of > 10:1 was observed using ¹H NMR.

Step K2-5 ethyl (2S)-2-({[4-((lR) -l-{[tert- - butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}ethyl)phenyl]sulfonyl}amino)-4-pentenoate

To a solution of benzyl alcohol K2-3 (1.92 g, 5.86 mmol) in 58.3 mL anhydrous DCM was added sequentially tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride (1.32 g, 8.78 mmol), imidazole (797 mg, 11.71 mmol), and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (1.43 g, 11.71 mmol). The resulting solution was stirred for 12 hours at room temperature. The reaction mixture was then concentrated under vacuum and chromatographed (gradient: 20%-50% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to afford benzyl silyl ether K2-5. LC/MS (M+23 = 464). Step K2-6 ethyl (2S)-2-({[4-((lR) -l-{[tert- -butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}ethyl)-N- isopropylphenyl] sulfonyl } amino)-4-pentenoate

To a solution of benzylsilyl ether K2-5 (1.92 g, 4.35 mmol) in 43.5 mL anhydrous THF was added sequentially anhydrous 2-propanol (2.01 mL, 26.1 mmol), triphenylphosphine (2.85 g, 10.87 mmol) and diisopropylazodicarboxylate (2.198 g, 10.87 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred for 12 hours at room temperature. The reaction mixture was then concentrated under pressure and chromatographed (gradient: 0%-65% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to afford benzylsilyl ether K2-6. LC/MS (M+l=484).

Step K2-7 4-((S)- 1 -hydroxyethyl)-N-((S)- 1 -hydroxypent-4-en-2-yl)-N- isopropylbenzenesulfonamide

A solution of K2-6 (2.11 g, 4.36 mmol) in 43.6 mL anhydrous THF was chilled to 0°C under an inert atmosphere (nitrogen), after which L1AIH4 (1 M in THF, 8.72 mL, 8.72 mmol) was added via syringe. The resulting mixture was allowed to stir for 30 minutes at 0°C. To the reaction mixture was added 5 mL IN HCl until the mixture solidified and 5 mL concentrated HCl until the reaction mixture was homogeneous. To the acidified reaction mixture was added ethyl acetate. The organic layers were separated from the aqueous layer. The organics were washed with brine, and dried over Na2SO4 to afford diol K2-7. This material was used without further purification in Step K2-8.

Step K2-8 4-((S)- 1 -(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)ethyl)-N-((S)- 1 -(tert- butyldimethylsilyloxy)pent-4-en-2-yl)-N-isopropylbenzenesulfonamide

To a solution of benzyl alcohol K2-7 (1.93 g, 5.86 mmol) in 58.9 mL anhydrous DCM was added sequentially TBS chloride (2.22 g, 14.71 mmol), imidazole (0.801 g, 11.77 mmol), and DMAP (1.438 g, 11.77 mmol). The resulting solution was stirred for 12 hours at room temperature. The reaction mixture was concentrated under vacuum and chromatographed (gradient: 20%-50% EtOAc/hexanes) to afford benzyl silyl ether K2-8. LC/MS (M+23 = 464).

Step K2-9 N-((S,E)- 1 -(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-6-oxohex-4-en-2-yl)-4-((S)- 1 -(tert- butyldimethylsilyloxy)ethyl)-N-isopropylbenzenesulfonamide

To a solution of silyl ether K2-8 (1.82 g, 3.27 mmol), crotonaldehyde (2.29 g,

32.7 mmol) in 25 mL DCM was added 0.277g Grubbs' 2^nd Generation catalyst. A reflux condenser was attached to the reaction vessel that also has a N2 inlet. The reaction mixture was heated to reflux in a silicone oil bath under nitrogen for 30 minutes then allowed to cool to room temperature. The reaction mixture was concentrated under vacuum and chromatographed (gradient: 20%- 100% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to afford enal K2-9.

Step K2- 10 N-((S,E)- 1 -(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-6-oxohexan-2-yl)-4-((S)- 1 -(tert- butyldimethylsilyloxy)ethyl)-N-isopropylbenzenesulfonamide

To a solution of enal K2-9 (1.66 g, 2.86 mmol) in 28.6 mL ethyl acetate was added 10% Pd/C (340 mg, 0.286 mmol). The resulting mixture was hydrogenated under STP for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was filtered through celite and concentrated under vacuum to afford aldehyde K2- 10.

Step K2-11 4-((l )-l-{[ tert -butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}ethyl)-N-((lS, 5E )-l-({[ tert butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}methyl)-5-{[( R )- tert -butylsulfinyl]imino}pentyl )-N- isopropylbenzenesulfonamide

To a solution of K2-10 (1.588 g) in 13.5 mL anhydrous DCM was added, sequentially, MgSθ4 (1.63 g, 13.55 mmol), (R)-EUman Sulfinamine (493 mg, 4.06 mmol), and

PPTS (68 mg, 0.271 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred for 18 hours at room temperature. The reaction mixture was concentrated under vacuum and chromatographed (10%-80% EtOAc/hexanes) to yield sulfinimine K2-11. LC/MS (M+l=690).

Step K2- 12 4-(( 1 S)- 1 - { [tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy } ethyl)-N-(( 1 S,5 S)- 1 -( { [tert- butyl(dimethyl)silyl] oxy } methyl)-5 - { [(R)-tert-butylsulfinyl] amino } hepty I)-N- isopropylbenzenesulfonamide

A solution of sulfinimine K2-11 (485 mg, 0.704 mmol) in 7 mL DCM was chilled to 0°C and maintained under a nitrogen atmoshphere. To this chilled solution ethylmagnesium bromide (0.469 mL, 1.407 mmol, 3.0 M in diethyl ether) was added dropwise via syringe. The stirring reaction mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature over 18 hours, at which point the reaction was complete as determined by TLC. The reaction mixture was diluted with saturated NH4CI solution and extracted with DCM (3x 10 mL). The combined organics were dried over Na2SO4 to afford sulfinamine K2-12.

Step K2-13 N-(IS, 5S)-5-amino-l-(hydroxymethyl)heptyl]-4-[(lS) )-l-hydroxyethyl]-N- isopropylbenzenesulfonamide

To a solution of sulfinamine K2-12 (433 mg, 0.602 mmol) in 6.02 mL methanol was added HCl (3.01 mL, 12.04 mmol, 4.0 M in dioxane) and let stir for 18 hours at room temperature. The reaction mixture was concentrated under vacuum and chromatographed by SCX to afford K2-13 amine. LC/MS (M+l=387).

Step K2-14 N-{(lS,5S)-l-ethyl-6-hydroxy-5-[({4-[(lS)-l- hydroxyethyl]phenyl}sulfonyl)(isopropyl)amino]hexyl}-Nα-(methoxycarbonyl)-β- phenyl-L-phenylalaninamide

To a solution of K2-14 (100 mg, 0.236 mmol) in 1.18 mL THF and 1.18 mL saturated NaHCOβ solution was added methyl[(l<S)-2-[(2,5-dioxo-l-pyrrolidinyl)oxy]-l-

(diphenylmethyl)-2-oxoethyl] carbamate (141 mg, 0.355 mmol). The resulting mixture was allowed to stir for 18 hours at room temperature. After 18 hours, the reaction mixture was diluted with water and ethyl acetate. The organic and aqueous were separated and then were collected and dried over Na2SO4, filtered, concentrated under vacuum, and purified by reverse phase chromatography to afford K2-14. The purification revealed 8:1 mixture of diastereomers, favoring the above compound. LC/MS (M+l = 668). lH NMR CDCI3: δ 7.78 (d, J= 8.4Hz,

2H), 7.50 (U₁ J= 7.99Hz, 2H), 7.32-7.15 (m, 10H), 6.07 (d, J= 7.19 Hz, IH), 5.15(d, J= 9.59

Hz, 2H), 4.96 (q, J=18.4 Hz, IH), 4.86 (t, J= 10.8Hz, IH), 4.59 (s, IH), 4.37 (d, J= Hz, IH),

3.58 (S, 6H), 3.35 (d, J= 24.8Hz, 2H), 2.81 (s, IH), 1.66 (d, J= 6.39 Hz, 3H), 0.959-0.924 (m,

4H),

0.695 (t, J= 10.8 Hz, 4H).

EXAMPLE K3

^-{(l^S^-S-t^-acetylpheny^sulfonylJ^sopropyOaminoJ-l-ethyl-ό-hydroxyhexylJ-iVα- (methoxycarbonyl)-β-phenyl-L-phenylalaninamide

To a solution of N-{(15,5S)-l-ethyl-6-hydroxy-5-[({4-[(15)-l- hydroxyethyl]phenyl}sulfonyl)(isopropyl)amino]hexyl}-Nα-(methoxycarbonyl)-β-phenyl-L- phenylalaninamide (20 mg, 0.030 mmol, Example K2) in 0.299 mL acetone was added MnO₂ (13 mg, 0.150 mmol)_. The resulting mixture was stirred for 18 hours at room temperature. The reaction mixture was filtered through celite and purified by reverse phase chromatography to afford ketone K3. LC/MS (M+l = 666). lH NMR CDCI3: δ 8.04 (d, J= 7.58Hz, 2H), 7.94(d, J =

7.98Hz, 2H), 7.30-7.16 (m,10H), 5.52 (d, J= 9.18 Hz, IH), 5.08 (d, J= 8.78 Hz, IH), 4.81 (t, J= 9.58 Hz, IH), 4.5 (d, J= 9.98 Hz, 2H), 3.81 (t, J= Hz, IH) 3.58 (s, 6H), 3.27 (s, IH), 2.64 (s,3H), 1.64 (s,3H), 1.31 (d, J= 6.39 Hz, 4H),1.23 (d, J= 7.98 Hz, 6H) 0.73 (t, J= 7.58 Hz, 4H).

The following examples (Table K) were prepared using similar procedures as described in the preparation of Examples Kl to K3, using the appropriate building blocks (MeO2C-Ph-SO2Cl or MeCO-Ph-SO2Cl, R5MgX or CF3TMS, Rl OH, HO2C-CHR6-NHR7 or corresponding activated aminoacid such as hydroxysuccinate ester). In some cases NHR? is originally protected as Boc which necessitates an acidic Boc removal in the last step.

Table K

1. The compound was prepared using a procedure analogous to that set forth in Example K2.

2. The compound was prepared using a procedure analogous to that set forth in Example K3.

EXAMPLE Ll

N-( 1 - { (45)-4- [ [(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl] (3 -methylbuty l)amino] -5 -hydroxypentyl } cyclopentyl)- Nα-(methoxycarbonyl)-β-phenyl-L-phenylalaninamide

Step Ll-I: methyl (2E)-2-{[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]amino}-5-(l-nitrocyclopentyl)pent-2-enoate

To a solution containing 4.73 mL (44.6 mmol) of nitrocyclopentane and 0.124 mL (0.892 mmol) of triethylamine was slowly added 0.596 mL (8.92 mmol) of acrolein, after which the reaction mixture was stirred for 16 hours. The reaction mixture was quenched with IM HCl and diluted with DCM. The layers were separated and the organic layer was washed with saturated NaHCθ3 and brine. The organic extract was dried with MgSθ4 and concentrated.

DBU (3.45 mL, 22.86 mmol) was added to a solution of (+/-)-Benzyloxycarbonyl-alpha- phosphonoglycine trimethyl ester in DCM (4 mL) at -20°C. The mixture was stirred for 5 minutes, and then a solution of the crude carbinol in 4 mL of DCM was added slowly to maintain the -20°C temperature during addition. The mixture was allowed to warm to 0°C and stir for 5 hours followed by 16 hours at room temperature. The reaction mixture was concentrated, then redissolved in EtOAc, and then washed with IM HCl, saturated NaHCO3, water and brine. The organic phase was dried over MgSθ4 and concentrated to an oil. The material was used in the next reaction without further purification. LCMS (M+ 1) = 376.9

Step Ll-2 methyl 5-(l-aminocyclopentyl)-N-[(4-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl]norvalinate

Compound Ll-I (2.95 g, 7.84 mmol) was dissolved in 40 mL of MeOH and treated with 550 mg of 20% Pd(OH)2- The resulting mixture was hydrogenated at STP for 16 hours, filtered through a pad of celite and evaporated to afford the desired diamine. The diamine was dissolved in 40 mL of DCE and treated sequentially with 2.82 mL of TEA (20.24 mmol) and 1.79 g of 4-nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride (8.10 mmol). After stirring for 16 hours, the reaction mixture was diluted with DCM and washed with water and brine. The organic phase was dried with MgSO4, filtered and concentrated. The crude material was employed in Step Ll -3 without further purification. LCMS (M+l) = 399.8

Step Ll -3 methyl 5 -( 1 - { [jV-(methoxycarbonyl)-β-phenyl-L- phenylalanyl]amino}cyclopentyl)-/V-[(4-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl]norvalinate

To a solution of the amine from Step Ll -2 (1 g, 2.5 mmol) and 2,5- dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl N-(methoxycarbonyl)-β-phenyl-L-phenylalaninate (992 mg, 2.5 mmol) in 1 :1 acetone/ THF (20 mL) was added 15 mL of saturated NaHCθ3. After stirring for 2 hours at room temperature, the reaction mixture was diluted with DCM and washed with H2O. The aqueous layer was extracted once with DCM, the organic phases were combined, dried with MgSO4 , filtered and evaporated. Column chromatography (gradient: 50% to 100% EtOAc/hexanes) afforded the desired product. LCMS (M+l) = 680.9

Step Ll -4 methyl 5-( 1 - { (TV-(methoxycarbonyl)-β-phenyl-L- phenylalanyl] amino } cyclopentyl)-/V-(3 -methylbuty I)-TV- [(4- nitrophenyl)sulfonyl]norvalinate

Sulfonamide Ll-3 (610 mg, 0.896 mmol) was dissolved in 4.5 mL of THF and treated sequentially with triphenylphosphine (282 mg , 1.08 mmol), isoamyl alcohol (0.117 mL, 1.08 mmol), and DIAD (0.209 mL, 1.08 mmol), and the resulting solution was allowed to stir for 16 hours at room temperature. The reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc and washed with water. The organic phase with dried with MgSO4, filtered, concentrated and chromatographed

(gradient: 50% to 100% EtOAc/hexanes) to afford the desired product. LCMS (M+l) - 751.0 Step L 1 -5 methyl N-[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl]-5-( 1 - { [7V-(methoxycarbonyl)-β -phenyl-L- phenylalanyl]amino}cyclopentyl)-N-(3-methylbutyl)norvalinate

Compound Ll-4 (544 mg, 0.724 mmol) was dissolved in 3.6 mL of MeOH and treated with 51 mg of 20% Pd(OH)2- The resulting mixture was hydrogenated at STP for 16 hours, filtered through a pad of celite and evaporated to afford the desired aniline. LCMS (M+ 1) = 721.1

Step Ll-6 N-(l-{(45)-4-[[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl](3-methylbutyl)amino]-5- hydroxypentyl } cyclopentyl)-7Vα-(methoxycarbonyl)-β-phenyl-L- phenylalaninamide

To a solution containing 495 mg (0.687 mmol) of Ll -5 ester in 3 mL of EtOH was added 0.34 mL of 2M LiBHφ The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours, after which 1 mL of water was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The solution was then extracted with EtOAc twice, and the organic phase was washed with water and brine, dried with MgSθ4 and concentrated. The crude material was subjected to reverse phase chromatography and the pure fractions were diluted with EtOAc and rendered basic by the addition of saturated NaHCθ3. The organic phase was separated, dried and evaporated to afford a diasteromeric mixture. Chiral chromatography afforded the desired diastereomer. lH NMR (CD3OD): δ 7.48 (d, J= 8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.37 - 7.35 (m, 4H), 7.28 - 7.24 (m, 4H), 7.19 - 7.14 (m, 2H), 6.70 (d, J= 8.5 Hz, 2H), 4.94 (d, J= 11.7 Hz, IH), 4.25 (d, J= 11.4 Hz, IH), 3.60 - 3.55 (m, 4H), 3.50 - 3.39 (m, 2H), 3.16 - 2.96 (m, 2H), 1.75 - 1.70 (m, IH), 1.63 - 1.11 (m, 16H), 0.88 (d, J = 6.14 Hz, 6H). LCMS (M+l) = 693.3

EXAMPLE L2

N-{(55)-5-[[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl](isopropyl)amino]-6-hydroxy-l,l-dimethylhexyl}-β- phenyl-L-phenylalaninamide

Step L2-1 methyl (2E)-2-{[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]amino}-6-methyl-6-nitrohept-2-enoate

DBU (18.77 mL, 125 mmol) was added to a solution of (+/-)-Benzyloxycarbonyl- alpha-phosphonoglycine trimethyl ester in DCM (200 mL) at -20°C. The mixture was stirred for 5 minutes then a solution of 4-methyl-4-nitτovaleraldehyde in 26 mL of DCM was added slowly to maintain the -20°C temperature during addition. The mixture was allowed to warm to 0°C and stir for 5 hours followed by 16 hours at room temperature. The reaction mixture was concentrated, redissolved in EtOAc, and then washed with IM HCl, saturated NaHCθ3, water and brine. The organic phase was dried over MgS O4 and concentrated. Column chromatography (gradient: 20% to 100% EtOAc/hexanes) afforded the desired product. LCMS (M+l) = 351.0

Step L2-2 methyl (2iS)-2-{[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]amino}-6-methyl-6-nitroheptanoate

The olefin substrate from L2-1 (12.44 g, 35.5 mmol) and l,2-Bis[(25,5S)-2,5- dimethylphospholano]benzene(cyclooctadiene)rhodium(I)tetrafluoroborate (300 mg) were charged in a 50 mL MultiMax™ hydrogenation reaction vessel (Mettler Toledo), followed by 80 mL of MeOH. The mixture was hydrogenated at 50 psi for 24 hours at room temperature. The reaction mixture was concentrated and chromatographed (gradient: 40% to 100% EtOAc/hexanes) to afford the product with a 96% ee. LCMS (M+l) = 353.1

Step L2-3 methyl (25)-6-amino-2-{[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]amino}-6-methylheptanoate

The nitro ester from L2-2 (11.66 g, 33.1 mmol) was dissolved in MeOH at 0°C, after which acetyl chloride (23.53 mL, 331 mmol) was added dropwise to the solution over 10 minutes to maintain a temperature between 0-12°C. Zinc dust (28.1 g, 430 mmol) was then added portionwise to maintain a temperature of approximately 0⁰C. After the addition was complete the reaction mixture was warmed to 55°C for 2 hours. The slurry was cooled, filtered, concentrated and chromatographed to afford the desired product. LCMS (M+l) = 323.1

Step L2-4 methyl (2S)-2-{[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]amino}-6-[(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]-6- methylheptanoate

To a solution of amine L2-3 (8 g, 24.8 mmol) in 125 mL of DCM was added 5.19 mL (37.2 mmol) of TEA followed by Boc2θ (5.42 g, 24.8 mmol) and stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. The volume of DCM was reduced and the reaction mixture was chromatographed (gradient: 20% to 100% EtOAc/hexanes) to afford the protected amine. LCMS (M+l) = 423.2

Step L2-5 methyl (2S)-2-amino-6-[(/ert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]-6-methylheptanoate

Compound L2-4 (5.48 g, 12.97 mmol) was dissolved in 65 mL of MeOH and treated with 911 mg of 20% Pd(OH)2- The resulting mixture was hydrogenated at STP for 16 hours, filtered through a pad of celite and evaporated to afford the desired amine. LCMS (M+l) = 289.1 Step L2-6 methyl (2S)-6-[(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]-6-methyl-2-{[(4- nitrophenyl)sulfonyl] amino } heptanoate

The amine L2-5 (3.43 g, 11.89 mmol) was dissolved in 60 mL of DCM and treated sequentially with 2.49 mL of TEA (17.84 mmol) and 2.64 g of 4-nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride (11.89 mmol). After stirring for 16 hours, the reaction mixture was diluted with DCM and washed with water and brine. The organic phase was dried with MgSθ4, filtered and concentrated. Column chromatography (gradient: 20% to 100% EtOAc/hexanes) afforded the desired product. LCMS (M+ 1) = 475.1

Step L2-7 methyl (2S)-6-[(te/-t-butoxycarbonyl)amino]-2-{isopropyl[(4- nitrophenyl)sulfonyl]amino}-6-methylheptanoate

Sulfonamide L2-6 (3.4 g, 7.18 mmol) was dissolved in 36 mL of THF and treated sequentially with triphenylphosphine (2.26 g , 8.62 mmol), 2-propanol (0.66 mL, 8.62 mmol), and DIAD (1.68 mL, 8.62 mmol), and the resulting solution was allowed to stir for 16 hours at room temperature. The reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc and washed with water. The organic phase with dried with MgSθ4, filtered, concentrated and chromatographed (gradient:

10% to 80% EtOAc/hexanes) to afford the desired product. LCMS (M+l) = 516.2

Step L2-8 methyl (2S)-2-[[(4-ammophenyl)sulfonyl](isopropyl)arnino]-6-[(tert- butoxycarbonyl)amino]-6-methylheptanoate

Compound L2-7 (2.3 Ig, 4.48 mmol) was dissolved in 22 mL of MeOH and treated with 315 mg of 20% Pd(OH)₂. The resulting mixture was hydrogenated at STP for 16 hours, filtered through a pad of celite and evaporated to afford the desired aniline. LCMS (M+l) = 486.2

Step L2-9 ter/-butyl {(5iS)-5-[[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl](isopropyl)amino]-6-hydroxy-l,l- dimethylhexyl } carbamate

To a solution containing 2.16 g (4.45 mmol) of L2-8 ester in 22 mL of EtOH was added 8.91 mL of 2M LiBHφ After the reaction mixture was stirred for 2 hours, 5 mL of water was added and the mixture stirred for 30 minutes. The solution was extracted with EtOAc twice, and the organic phase was washed with water and brine, dried with MgSθ4 and then concentrated. Column chromatography (gradient: 50% to 100% EtOAc/hexanes) afforded the desired alcohol. LCMS (M+l) = 458.3

Step L2-10 4-ammo-N-[(liS)-5-amino-l-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methyUiexyl]-N- isopropylbenzenesulfonamide

Compound L2-9 (1.62 g, 3.54 mmol) was dissolved in 20 mL of MeOH at 0°C and then a stream of HCl gas was passed through the solution for 2 minutes. After stirring the reaction mixture an additional 2 hours, the solvent was removed to afford the desired amino alcohol HCl salt which was used in Step L2-11 without further purification. LCMS (M+l) = 358.1

Step L2-11 7V-{(5S)-5-[[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl](isopropyl)amino]-6-hydroxy-l,l- dimethylhexyl } -jVα-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-β-phenyl-L-phenylalaninamide

To a solution of the amine HCl salt from step L2-10 (50 mg, 0.127 mmol) and N- Boc-(S)-diphenylalanine (43 mg, 0.127 mmol) in 1 mL of DMF was added diisopropylethylamine (0.07 mL, 0.381 mmol) and BOP-reagent (56 mg, 0.127 mmol). After 2 hours, the reaction mixture was subjected to reverse phase chromatography. The pure fractions were diluted with EtOAc and rendered basic by the addition of saturated NaHCθ3. The organic phase was separated, dried and evaporated to afford the desired product. LCMS (M+l) = 681.3

Step L2- 12 N- {(5S)-5-[[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl](isopropyl)amino]-6-hydroxy- 1,1- dimethylhexyl } -β-phenyl-L-phenylalaninamide

Compound L2-11 (50 mg, 0.073 mmol) was dissolved in 1.5 mL of MeOH at 0°C after which a stream of HCl gas was passed through the solution for 2 minutes. After stirring the reaction mixture an additional 2 hours, the solvent was removed to afford the desired product HCl salt as a white solid. lH NMR (CD3OD): δ 7.81 (d, J= 8.5 Hz, 2H), 7.50 - 7.48 (m, 2H), 7.41 - 7.37 (m, 4H), 7.34 - 7.24 (m, 4H), 7.13 (d, J= 8.5 Hz, 2H), 4.68 (d, J= 11.3 Hz, IH), 4.28 (d, J= 11.4 Hz, IH), 3.76 - 3.70 (m, IH), 3.60 - 3.59 (m, 2H), 3.43 (m, IH), 1.56 (m, 2H), 1.40 - 1.04 (m, 10H), 1.01 (s, 3H), 0.92 (s, 3H). LCMS (M+l) = 581.3

ASSAY EXAMPLE 1 Assay for Inhibition of Microbial Expressed HTV Protease

Inhibition studies of the reaction of the protease (which was expressed in Eschericia coli) with a peptide substrate [Val-Ser-Gln-Asn-(betanapthyl)Ala-Pro-Ile-Val]. The inhibitor is first preincubated with the enzyme in assay buffer (5OmM sodium acetate, pH 5.5, 10OmM NaCl, and 0.1% BSA) for 30 minutes at room temperature. Substrate is added to 440 micromolar in a total volume of 80 microliters containing 5 picomolar HTV-I protease, and the reaction is incubated for 1 hour at 3O⁰C. The reaction is quenched by addition of 120 microliters of 10% phosphoric acid, and product formation is determined after separation of product and substrate on a Vydac Cl 8 column connected to an Alliance high performance liquid chromatography system (Waters Corporation). The extent of inhibition of the reaction is determined from the peak area of the products. HPLC of the products, independently synthesized, proved quantitation standards and confirmation of the product composition. Representative compounds of the present invention exhibit inhibition of HTV-I protease in this assay. For example, as shown by their IC50 values in Table 1 below, the compounds set forth in the foregoing Examples exhibit inhibition against the wild-type HIV-I protease enzyme.

ASSAY EXAMPLE 2 Assay for inhibition of HIV replication

Assays for the inhibition of acute HTV infection of T-lymphoid cells were conducted in accordance with Vacca, J.P. et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. ScL USA 1994, 9J_: 4096. Representative compounds of the present invention exhibit inhibition of HTV replication in this assay (also referred to herein as the "spread assay"). For example, as shown by their IC95 values in Table 1 below, the compounds set forth in the foregoing Examples were tested in this assay and found to exhibit inhibition of HTV-I replication.

ASSAY EXAMPLE 3 Cytotoxicity Cytotoxicity was determined by microscopic examination of the cells in each well in the spread assay, wherein a trained analyst observed each culture for any of the following morphological changes as compared to the control cultures: pH imbalance, cell abnormality, cytostatic, cytopathic, or crystallization (i.e., the compound is not soluble or forms crystals in the well). The toxicity value assigned to a given compound is the lowest concentration of the compound at which one of the above changes is observed. Representative compounds of the present invention do not exhibit cytotoxicity. For example, all of the exemplified compounds were tested in this assay and none was found to exhibit cytotoxicity.

Table 1

1. No cytotoxicity was observed for any of these compounds in the cytotoxicity assay set forth in Assay Example 3 up to a concentration of lO μM.

2. Conducted using 10% FBS.

Certain compounds of the present invention including certain of the exemplified compounds (e.g., certain compounds encompassed by Formula B) having substitution at the epsilon position (i.e., one or both of R.5 and R.5A J_n Compound I are other than H) have exhibited better potency in the foregoing assays and/or a better PK profile in animal models than structurally similar compounds that have no branching in the beta, gamma, delta, and epsilon positions (i.e., R3 = R.4 = R5 = R5A = H). Of particular interest in this regard are certain of the compounds encompassed by Formula C.

While the foregoing specification teaches the principles of the present invention, with examples provided for the purpose of illustration, the practice of the invention encompasses all of the usual variations, adaptations and/or modifications that come within the scope of the following claims. All publications, patents and patent applications cited herein are incorporated by reference in their entirety into the disclosure.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. A compound of Formula A:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: Rl is Ci_6 alkyl or C\.β alkyl substituted with C3-6 cycloalkyl; R2 is CH(RJ)-Z, and Z is OH, NH2, or ORP;

R^j is H, C 1-6 alkyl, Cl -6 fluoroalkyl, or Q -6 alkyl substituted with C3.5 cycloalkyl; RP is P(O)(OH)2, P(0)(0M)2, or C(O)RQ; M is an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal; RQ is:

(1) Ci-6 alkyl,

(2) C3-6 cycloalkyl,

(3) Ci-6 alkyl substituted with C3-6 cycloalkyl,

(4) O-Ci-6 alkyl, . (5) O-Ci-6 alkyl substituted with O-C 1-6 alkyl,

(6) O-C 1-6 fluoroalkyl,

(7) C(O)O-Ci-6 alkyl,

(8) C(O)-C 1 -6 alkylene-N(H)-C 1 _6 alkyl,

(9) C(O)-C 1 -6 alkylene-N(-C 1 -6 alkyl)2, (10) C 1 _6 alkyl substituted with C(O)O-C 1 -6 alkyl,

(11) C 1 -6 alkyl substituted with C(O)OH,

(12) C 1 -6 alkyl substituted with C(O)-C 1 -6 alkyl,

(13) N(H)-Ci-6 alkyl,

(14) N(-Ci-₆ alkyl)2, (15) Ci-6 alkyl substituted with NH2, N(H)-Ci-6 alkyl, or N(-Ci-6 alkyl)2,

(16) AryA,

(17) C 1 _6 alkyl substituted with AryA,

( 18) O-C 1 -6 alkyl substituted with AryA,

(19) HetA, (20) C 1 -6 alkyl substituted with HetA,

(21 ) O-C 1 -6 alkyl substituted with HetA,

(22) HetB, or

(23) O-HetB;

R3 is H, C 1-6 alkyl, Cl -6 fluoroalkyl, or Ci -6 alkyl substituted with C3-5 cycloalkyl; R4 is H, C 1-6 alkyl, Ci -6 fluoroalkyl, or C 1-6 alkyl substituted with C3-5 cycloalkyl;

R5 is H, C 1-6 alkyl, Cl -6 fluoroalkyl, C3-5 cycloalkyl, or Ci -6 alkyl substituted with C3-5 cycloalkyl; R5A is H or C 1-6 alkyl; provided that:

(A) when R2 is CH2OH or CH2ORP, then at least one of R3, R4, R5 and R5 A i_s other than H;

(B) when either or both R5 and R5 A are other than H, then at least one of R3 and R4 is H; and (C) when R3 and R4 are both other than H, then R5 and R5 A are both H; each XA is independently:

(1) Ci-6 alkyl,

(2) C3-6 cycloalkyl,

(3) Ci-6 haloalkyl,

(4) OH

(5) O-C 1-6 alkyl,

(6) O-Ci_6 haloalkyl,

(7) O-C3-6 cycloalkyl,

(8) SH,

(9) S-C 1-6 alkyl,

(10) S-Ci-6 haloalkyl,

(H) S-C3-6 cycloalkyl,

(12) halo,

(13) CN,

(14) NO₂,

(15) NH₂,

(16) N(H)-Ci-6 alkyl,

(17) N(-Ci-₆ alkyl)₂,

(18) N(H)C(O)-Ci_6 alkyl,

(19) N(H)CH(O),

(20) CH(O),

(21) C(O)-C 1-6 alkyl,

(22) C(O)OH,

(23) C(O)O-C 1-6 alkyl,

(24) SO₂H,

(25) SO₂-Ci -6 alkyl, or

(26) C 1-6 alkyl substituted with:

(a) C3-6 cycloalkyl, (b) Ci-6 haloalkyl,

(C) OH

(d) O-Ci-6 alkyl,

(e) O-Ci-6 haloalkyl,

(f) O-C3-6 cycloalkyl,

(g) SH,

(h) S-C 1-6 alkyl,

(i) S-Ci-6 haloalkyl,

0) S-C3-6 cycloalkyl,

(k) halo,

(1) CN,

(m) NO₂,

(n) NH₂,

(o) N(H)-Ci-6 alkyl,

(P) N(-Ci-₆ alkyl)₂,

(q) N(H)C(O)-C 1-6 alkyl,

(r) N(H)CH(O),

(S) CH(O),

(t) C(O)-C 1-6 alkyl,

(U) C(O)OH,

(V) C(O)O-C 1-6 alkyl,

(W) SO₂H, or

(X) SO₂-C 1-6 alkyl; or, alternatively, when two or more X-A substituents are present on the phenyl ring and two of the

X A are attached to adjacent carbon atoms of the phenyl ring, the two X A are optionally taken together to form -OCH2O- or -OCH2CH2O-; k is an integer equal to O, 1, 2, or 3;

R6 is:

, or , wherein the asterisk (*) denotes the point of attachment to the rest of the compound; each XB and each XC are independently selected from the group consisting of:

0) Ci-β alkyl,

(2) C3-6 cycloalkyl,

(3) Ci-6 haloalkyl,

(4) OH,

(5) O-Ci_6 alkyl,

(6) O-Ci-6 haloalkyl,

(7) O-C3-6 cycloalkyl,

(8) SH,

(9) S-Ci_6 alkyl,

(10) S-Ci-6 haloalkyl,

(H) S-C3-6 cycloalkyl,

(12) halo,

(13) CN,

(14) NO₂,

(15) NH₂,

(16) N(H)-Ci-₆ alkyl,

(17) N(-Ci-6 alkyl)2,

(18) N(H)C(O)-C 1-6 alkyl,

(19) N(H)CH(O),

(20) CH(O),

(21) C(O)-Ci-6 alkyl,

(22) C(O)OH,

(23) C(O)O-C 1-6 alkyl,

(24) SO₂H,

(25) SO₂-C 1-6 alkyl; and

(26) C 1-6 alkyl substituted with:

(a) Ci-6 haloalkyl,

(b) OH

(C) O-Ci-6 alkyl,

(d) O-Ci_6 haloalkyl,

(e) O-C3-6 cycloalkyl, (f) SH,

(g) S-Ci-₆ alkyl, (h) halo,

(i) CN, (j) NO₂,

(k) NH₂,

(1) N(H)-Ci-₆ alkyl,

(m) N(-Ci-₆ alkyl)₂,

(n) C(O)-Ci-₆ alkyl, (o) C(O)OH,

(p) C(O)O-Ci-6 alkyl, or (q) SO₂-C 1-6 alkyl; m is an integer equal to 0, 1, 2, or 3; n is an integer equal to 0, 1, 2, or 3; R7 is H, C 1-6 alkyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl, Cl -6 alkyl substituted with C3-6 cycloalkyl, or C(O)-RK;

RK is:

(1) Ci-6 alkyl,

(2) C3-6 cycloalkyl,

(3) C 1-6 alkyl substituted with C3-6 cycloalkyl, (4) O-C 1-6 alkyl,

(5) O-C 1 -6 alkyl substituted with O-C 1 -6 alkyl,

(6) O-C 1-6 fluoroalkyl,

(7) C(O)O-Ci-6 alkyl,

(8) C 1 -6 alkyl substituted with C(O)O-C 1 -6 alkyl, (9) C 1 -6 alkyl substituted with C(O)OH,

(10) C 1 -6 alkyl substituted with C(O)-C 1 -6 alkyl,

(11) N(H)-Ci-6 alkyl,

(12) N(-Ci_₆ alkyl)₂,

(13) C 1 -6 alkyl substituted with NH₂, N(H)-C 1 -6 alkyl, or N(-C 1 -6 alkyl)₂, (14) AryA,

(15) C 1 _6 alkyl substituted with AryA,

(16) O-C 1 -6 alkyl substituted with AryA,

(17) HetA,

(18) C 1 -6 alkyl substituted with HetA, (19) O-C 1 -6 alkyl substituted with HetA,

(20) HetB, or

(21) O-HetB; each AryA is an aryl which is independently phenyl or naphthyl, wherein the phenyl or naphthyl is optionally substituted with from 1 to 4 YB wherein each YB independently has the same definition as XB; each HetA is a heteroaryl which is independently (i) a 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic ring containing from 1 to 3 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O and S, or (ii) is a heterobicyclic ring selected from quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, and quinoxalinyl; wherein the heteroaromatic ring (i) or the bicyclic ring (ii) is optionally substituted with from 1 to 4 YC wherein each YC independently has the same definition as XB; and each HetB is independently a 4- to 7-membered, saturated or unsaturated, non-aromatic heterocyclic ring containing at least one carbon atom and from 1 to 4 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O and S, where each S is optionally oxidized to S(O) or S(O)2, and wherein the saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with from 1 to 4 substituents each of which is independently halogen, CN, Ci -6 alkyl, OH, oxo, O-Ci-6 alkyl, Ci -6 haloalkyl, O-Ci-6 haloalkyl, C(O)NH2, C(O)N(H)-C 1-6 alkyl, C(O)N(-Ci_6 alkyl)2, C(O)H, C(O)-Ci -6 alkyl, CO2H, CO2-C1-6 alkyl, SO2H, or

SO2-C 1-6 alkyl.

2. A compound according to claim 1, which is a compound of Formula I:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

R5 is H, Ci-6 alkyl, Ci-6 fluoroalkyl, or Ci-6 alkyl substituted with C3.5 cycloalkyl; and provided that:

(A) when R.2 is CH2OH or CH2OR.P, then at least one of R.3, R4, and R5 is Cl -6 alkyl, Ci-6 fluoroalkyl, or Ci-6 alkyl substituted with C3.5 cycloalkyl; and (B) at least one ofR3, R4, and R5 is H.

3. The compound according to claim 2, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein Rl is C 1-6 alkyl; R2 is CH2-Z, CH(CH3)-Z, CH(CF3)-Z; wherein Z is OH, NH2, or ORP; and wherein RP is

P(O)(OH)2, P(O)(ONa)2, P(O)(OK)2, C(O)-Ci-6 alkyl, C(O)O-Ci_6 alkyl, C(0)N(-Ci-6 alkyl)2, C(O)-pyridyl, or C(O)-Ci -6 alkylene-NH2; R3 is H, CH3, CF3, CH2-cyclopropyl, or CH2-cyclobutyl; R4 is H, CH3, CF3, CH2-cyclopropyl, or CH2-cyclobutyl; R5 is H, CH3, CF3, CH2-cyclopropyl, or CH2-cyclobutyl; provided that:

(A) when R2 is CH2OH or CH2ORP, then at least one of R3, R4, and R5 is CH3, CF3,

CH2-cyclopropyl, or CH2-cyclobutyl; and (B) at least one of R3 , R4, and R5 is H.

R6 is:

, wherein the asterisk (*) denotes the point of attachment to the rest of the compound; each XB and each XC are independently selected from the group consisting of:

(1) Ci-3 alkyl,

(2) cyclopropyl,

(3) CF₃,

(4) OH,

(5) O-Ci-3 alkyl,

(6) OCF₃,

(7) Cl,

(8) Br,

(9) F,

(10) CN,

(H) NO₂,

(12) NH₂,

(13) N(H)-Cl-3 alkyl,

(14) N(-Ci-3 alkyl)₂,

(15) C(O)-Cl-3 alkyl,

(16) CO₂H,

(17) C(O)O-C 1-3 alkyl,

(18) CH₂OH, and

(19) CH₂O-C 1-3 alkyl; m is an integer equal to 0, 1 , or 2; n is an integer equal to 0, 1, or 2; each X A is independently:

(1) Ci-3 alkyl,

(2) cyclopropyl,

(3) CF₃,

(4) OH,

(5) O-Ci-₃ alkyl, (6) OCF₃,

(7) Cl,

(8) Br,

(9) F,

(10) CN,

(H) NO₂,

(12) NH₂,

(13) N(H)-Ci-3 alkyl,

(14) N(-Ci-3 alkyl)2,

(15) C(O)-C 1-3 alkyl,

(16) CO₂K >

(17) C(O)O-C 1-3 alkyl, or

(18) C 1-3 alkyl substituted with

(a) cyclopropyl,

(b) CF₃,

(C) OH,

(Φ O-Ci-3 alkyl,

(e) OCF₃,

(f) Cl,

(g) Br,

(h) F,

(i) CN,

G) NO₂,

(k) NH₂,

G) N(H)-Ci_3 alkyl,

(m) N(-Ci_3 alkyl)₂,

(n) C(O)-Ci_3 alkyl,

(o) CO₂H, or

(P) C(O)O-C 1-3 alkyl; k is an integer equal to 0, 1, or 2;

R7 is H, C(O)-C 1-6 alkyl, C(O)O-Ci -6 alkyl, C(0)N(-Ci_6 alkyl)₂, C(O)-HetA, or C(O)-HetB;

HetA is a heteroaryl selected from the group consisting of pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, and quinoxalinyl, wherein the heteroaryl is optionally substituted with from 1 to 3 substituents each of which is independently CH3, CF3, OH, OCH3, OCF₃, Cl, Br, F, CN, NH₂, N(H)CH₃, N(CH₃)₂, C(O)CH₃, CO₂CH₃, or

SO₂CH₃; and

HetB is a saturated heterocyclic ring selected from the group consisting of tetrahydrofuranyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, or thiomorpholinyl in which the S is optionally oxidized to S(O) or S(O)2, and wherein the ring is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents each of which is independently CH3, CH2CH3, oxo, C(O)N(CH3)2, C(O)CH3, CO2CH3, or S(O)2CH3).

4. The compound according to claim 1, which is a compound of Formula B:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; wherein:

Rl is CH3, CH2CH3, CH(CH3)2, CH2CH2CH3, CH2CH(CH3)2, CH2CH2CH(CH3)2,

CH2CH2CH2F, cyclobutyl, or CH2-cyclopropyl; R2 is CH2OH, CH(CH3)OH, or CH2NH2;

R5 is CH3, CH2CH3, CH(CH3)2, CH2CH2CH3, C(CH3)3, CF3, CF2CF3, or cyclopropyl; R6 is:

, wherein the asterisk (*) denotes the point of attachment to the rest of the compound; each XB and each XC are independently selected from the group consisting of:

(1) CH₃,

(2) CH₂CH₃,

(3) CF₃,

(4) OH,

(5) OCH₃,

(6) OCF₃,

(7) Cl,

(8) Br,

(9) F,

(10) CN,

(H) NH₂,

(12) N(H)CH₃,

(13) N(CH₃)2,

(14) C(O)CH₃,

(15) C(O)OCH₃,

(16) CH₂OH, and (17) CH2OCH3; m is 0, 1 or 2; n is 0, 1, or 2;

XA is:

(1) CH₃,

(2) CH2CH3,

(3) CF₃,

(4) OH,

(5) OCH₃,

(6) OCF₃,

(7) Cl,

(8) Br,

(9) F,

(10) CN,

(H) NH₂,

(12) N(H)CH₃,

(13) N(CH₃)2,

(14) C(O)CH₃,

(15) C(O)OCH₃,

(16) CH₂OH,

(17) CH₂OCH₃,

(18) CH2NH2,

(19) CH2N(H)CH₃,

(20) CH₂N(CH₃)₂,

(21) CH(CH₃)OH,

(22) CH(CH₃)OCH_3j

(23) CH(CH₃)NH₂,

(24) CH(CH₃)N(H)CH₃, or

(25) CH(CH₃)N(CH₃)₂; and

I?? is H, CH₃, , or C(O)OCH₃.

5. The compound according to claim 4, which is a compound of Formula C:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; wherein: Rl is CH₃, CH2CH3, CH(CH₃)2, CH2CH2CH3, CH₂CH(CH₃)2, or CH2CH2CH(CH₃)₂;

R2 is CH2OH;

R5 is CH₃, CH2CH3, CF₃, or cyclopropyl;

R6 is:

or

; and XA is NH2, C(O)CH₃, CH2OH, or CH(CH₃)OH.

6. The compound according to claim 5, which is a compound of Formula D:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

7. The compound according to claim 1, which is a compound of Formula E:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; wherein: XA is NH2, C(O)CH₃, CH2OH, or CH(CH₃)OH;

Rl is CH₃, CH2CH₃, CH(CH₃)2, CH2CH2CH₃, CH2CH(CH₃)2, or CH2CH2CH(CH₃)2; and R7 is H, CH₃, or C(O)OCH₃.

8. The compound according to claim 1, which is selected from the compounds listed in Table 1 and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts.

9. The compound according to claim 8, which is a compound selected from the group consisting of:

N- { ( 15, 55)-5 - [ [(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl] (isopropyl)amino] -6-hydroxy- 1 - methylhexyl } -Nα-Cmethoxycarbonyty-β-phenyl-L-phenylalaninamide; methyl [(lS)-2-({(5S)-5-[[4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl]-((3S)-3-ethylbutyl)amino]-6- hydroxy- 1 -methylhexyl)amino)- 1 -(diphenylrnethyl)-2-oxoethyl]carbamate;

N-{(15,55)-5-[[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl]φropyl)amino]-6-hydroxy-l- methylhexyl } -iVα-(methoxycarbonyl)-β-phenyl-L-phenylalaninamide; N- { (55)-5 - [ [(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl] (isopropyl)amino] -6-hydroxy- 1,1- dimethylhexyl } -β-phenyl-L-phenylalaninamide; methyl [(lS)-2-({(5S)-5-[[3-fluoro-4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl]-((3S)-3- cyclopropylbutyl)amino] -6-hydroxy- 1 -methylhexyl)amino)- 1 -(diphenylmethyl)-2- oxoethyl]carbamate; N- [( 1 i?, 55)-5 - [ [(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl] (propyl)amino] -6-hydroxy- 1 -

(trifluoromethyl)hexyl]-jVα-(methoxycarbonyl)-β-phenyl-L-phenylalaninamide;

N- [( 1 R, 5S)-5 - [ [(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl] (isopropyl)amino] -6-hydroxy- 1 - (trifluoromethyl)hexyl]-Nα-(methoxycarbonyl)-β-phenyl-L-phenylalaninamide;

N- { ( 15,55)- 1 -ethyl-6-hydroxy-5-[ { [4-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl] sulfonyl } (3- methylbutyl)amino]hexyl}-Mx-(methoxycarbonyl)-β-phenyl-L-phenylalaninamide;

N- {(15,55)- 1 -ethyl-6-hydroxy-5-[ { [4-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl] sulfonyl} (3- methylbutyl)amino]hexyl}-Nα-methyl-β-phenyl-L-phenylalaninamide;

N-{(15,55)-6-hydroxy-5-[{[4-

(hydroxymethyl)phenyl] sulfonyl } (isopropyl)amino] - 1 -methylhexyl } -Nα-(methoxycarbonyl)-β- phenyl-L-phenylalaninamide;

N-{(15,55)-6-hydroxy-5-[({4-[(15)-l- hydroxyethyl]phenyl}sulfonyl)(isopropyl)amino]-l-methylhexyl}-iVα-(methoxycarbonyl)-β- phenyl-L-phenylalaninamide; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

10. A pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 9 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

11. A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 9,or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in the preparation of a medicament for the inhibition of HTV protease, for the treatment or prophylaxis of infection by HTV, or for the treatment, prophylaxis, or delay in the onset of ADDS in a subject in need thereof.