WO2009039788A1 - A method and apparatus of realizing multicast transmission - Google Patents
A method and apparatus of realizing multicast transmission Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009039788A1 WO2009039788A1 PCT/CN2008/072449 CN2008072449W WO2009039788A1 WO 2009039788 A1 WO2009039788 A1 WO 2009039788A1 CN 2008072449 W CN2008072449 W CN 2008072449W WO 2009039788 A1 WO2009039788 A1 WO 2009039788A1
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- multicast
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/02—Details
- H04L12/16—Arrangements for providing special services to substations
- H04L12/18—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/16—Multipoint routing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of network communication technologies, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for implementing multicast transmission. Background technique
- IPv4 fourth-generation Internet Protocol
- IPv6 sixth generation Internet Protocol
- IPv6 Intra Network Internet Protocol
- E-IP Extra Network Internet Protocol
- the prior art proposes a multicast translation technology based on address translation.
- the basic idea of the technology is: at the Provider Edge router (PE), E The IP multicast control packet and the multicast data packet are respectively translated into an I-IP multicast control packet and a multicast data packet, where the PE is an edge router between the intermediate transport network and the peripheral client network; Then, the PE transmits the translated I-IP multicast packet to the I-IP network, and when the packet reaches the egress PE, the packet is restored to the corresponding E-IP multicast packet, and Will The text continues to be transmitted in the E-IP network.
- PE Provider Edge router
- E-IP multicast data can be established on the transport network provider router (P, Provider router) of the I-IP network.
- P Provider router
- An E-IP multicast tree corresponds to an I-IP multicast tree in the I-IP network.
- IPv6 the protocol running on the intermediate transport network
- IPv4 the protocol running on the peripheral client network
- IPv6 prefix is a specific IPv6 address prefix
- the specific address prefix can be obtained through address allocation or internally configured by an Internet Service Provider (ISP).
- ISP Internet Service Provider
- IPv4 unicast or multicast routing table in the form a.b.c.d/M, where M is the bit length of the mask.
- 4over6 address mapping it can be transformed into a pseudo IPv6 address: 4over6prefix: a.b.c.d /len+M.
- 4over6prefix/len is a pseudo-IPv6 address-specific prefix with a length of len.
- the pseudo-IPv6 address-specific prefix can be obtained through address allocation, or can be allocated and managed by an ISP, so that all PEs can be identified without negotiation.
- the 4over6 border router uses the pseudo IPv6 address prefix 4over6prefix/len to prefix match the destination address. If the prefix within the len prefix length is the same, then the IPv6 route is determined to be a pseudo IPv6 route, and then the inverse transform of the 4over6 route conversion is performed. Perform a route restore.
- the above multicast transition technology can realize the network communication of the peripheral customer network through the intermediate transmission network under the condition that the I-IP and the E-IP are different, the technology can only be applied to the case where the intermediate transmission network supports the unicast data transmission. If you need to carry out multicast transmission through the intermediate transmission network, all routers including PE and a large number of P routers in the intermediate transmission network need to support the multicast protocol. In practical applications, it is often due to funds, manpower, technology, etc.
- the intermediate P router in the intermediate transmission network does not support the multicast protocol, so that the multicast transition technology cannot be applied if the intermediate transmission network does not support the multicast protocol, thereby causing I-IP and E- When the IP is different, the peripheral customer network cannot be multicasted through the intermediate transmission network.
- the network of the customer network is transmitted through the intermediate transmission network, and translation of different network protocols is required.
- the E-IP protocol type is IPv4
- the I-IP protocol type is IPv6
- the IPv4 address of the E-IP is translated into I-IP.
- the IPv6 address is relatively easy. Since the IPv6 address has 128 bits, the translation can be combined with a 32-bit IPv4 address and a 96-bit specific IPv6 prefix to form a 128-bit pseudo IPv6 address.
- the E-IP protocol type is IPv6.
- the IPv4 address is 128 bits and the IPv4 address is 32 bits. Unless a complex inter-PE address negotiation mechanism is added, or a specific domain is added to the protocol, the 128-bit IPv6 address cannot be obtained. Translated into a 32-bit IPv4 address, which makes the technical solution more complicated to implement. In addition, since translation and restoration need to follow pre-established rules, and the routing of I-IP multicast control messages obtained by E-IP translation in the I-IP network needs to add an additional addressing mechanism, I - The intermediate P router of the IP transport network also needs to support this addressing mechanism accordingly, which also brings great difficulty in implementing the above-mentioned prior art implementation.
- a method for implementing multicast transmission comprising:
- the corresponding relationship between the multicast address of the multicast data and the multicast address established on the ingress PE and the corresponding egress PE Determining, respectively, respective egress PEs that match the multicast data;
- An apparatus for implementing multicast transmission comprising: a peripheral client network processing module, an intermediate transmission network processing module, and an intermediate transmission network transmission module, wherein:
- the peripheral client network processing module is configured to: when determining that the received multicast data needs to be transmitted across the intermediate transmission network, send the multicast data to the intermediate transmission network processing module;
- the intermediate transmission network processing module is configured to: establish, according to the multicast address of the multicast data, and establish Corresponding relationship between the multicast address and the egress PE, determining each egress PE that matches the multicast data, and encapsulating the multicast data by using the determined address of each egress PE;
- the intermediate transmission network transmission module is configured to: send each multicast data encapsulated by the intermediate transmission network processing module to the determined outlet PEs through the intermediate transmission network in a unicast manner.
- the multicast address established by the ingress PE and the corresponding egress are
- the mode is sent to the egress PE, so that when the intermediate transmission network does not support the multicast protocol, the multicast transition technology can also be used to implement multicast transmission, and in the specific implementation process, only the intermediate transmission network needs to be located.
- the PE router at the edge of the peripheral customer network supports the multicast mechanism. It does not require a large number of P routers in the middle of the intermediate transmission network to support the multicast protocol, which makes the solution easier to implement and can reduce the implementation cost.
- FIG. 1 is a translated format used in the translation of different network protocols in the prior art
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart of establishing a correspondence between the multicast address and a corresponding egress PE on an ingress PE according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of deleting the multicast address and corresponding exit on an ingress PE according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- implementing multicast transmission includes the following steps:
- Step 201 The ingress service provider edge router (PE) receives the multicast data; and determines whether the received multicast data needs to be transmitted across the network. If necessary, step 202 is performed; otherwise, the multicast data is transmitted in the network.
- PE ingress service provider edge router
- Step 202 The ingress PE is based on the multicast address of the multicast data, and on itself Corresponding relationship between the established multicast address and the corresponding egress PE, and determining each egress PE that matches the multicast data;
- Step 203 The ingress PE separately encapsulates the multicast data by using the determined addresses of the egress PEs, and sends the encapsulated multicast data to the office through the intermediate transmission network in a unicast manner.
- the respective outlet PEs are determined.
- each of the egress PEs may further decapsulate the encapsulated multicast data, and further perform the decapsulated multicast data. Forward until the data transfer is completed.
- the ingress PE uses a multicast forwarding entry to store and maintain the correspondence between the multicast address and each egress PE.
- the multicast forwarding item is taken as an example to provide an embodiment of the present invention. The method is described; of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, other manners may be used to save and maintain the correspondence between the multicast address and the egress PE set, without affecting the implementation of the present invention.
- the following is a description of how to establish and delete the correspondence between the multicast address and the egress PE on the ingress PE for the client of the peripheral client network to join the multicast group and exit the multicast group.
- the ingress and egress are both for the flow of multicast data transmission, and not for the "3 ⁇ 4" flow direction when establishing and maintaining the correspondence.
- establishing a correspondence between the multicast address and the corresponding egress PE on the ingress PE includes the following steps:
- Step 301 A client client that requests to join the multicast group, and sends a request in the E-IP format to the egress PE that is directly connected to the peer network through the peripheral client network.
- the join packet carries the group.
- the multicast address includes the address of the multicast source in the multicast group to which the client is to join, and the address of the multicast group to which the client wants to join; for convenience of presentation, the join(s, g) indicates a join message, where s represents an address of the multicast source, and g represents an address of the multicast group;
- Step 302 The egress PE determines, according to the unicast routing table, that the address s of the multicast source is located in an E-IP network connected to an ingress PE at the other end of the intermediate transmission network, and the join (s, g) encapsulate the I-IP address with the egress PE, and pass the encapsulated packet through the intermediate transmission network in unicast mode. Sending to the inlet PE of the other end;
- Step 303 The ingress PE receives the encapsulated join(s, g) packet, decapsulates the packet, and performs the following processing according to the multicast address (s, g) in the packet:
- the information about the egress PE obtained after decapsulation is added to the multicast address and Corresponding relationship between the egress PE and the multicast address corresponding to the multicast group client is established in the corresponding relationship of the egress PE; when the multicast forwarding entry is used to save the correspondence, the foregoing processing is: If it is determined that the multicast forwarding entry entry((s, g), ⁇ PE ⁇ ) corresponding to the multicast address (s, g) in the join(s, g) already exists, the packet is decapsulated. The I-IP address of the egress PE is added to the PE set ⁇ PE ⁇ of the forwarding entry;
- the corresponding relationship is established on the ingress PE;
- the foregoing processing is: if there is no multicast forwarding entry corresponding to the multicast address (s, g) in the join (s, g), then A multicast forwarding entry ((s, g), ⁇ PE ⁇ ) corresponding to the multicast address (s, g) is established on the ingress PE, and the I-IP address in the multicast forwarding entry PE set ⁇ PE ⁇ is set. Initialized to the I-IP address of the egress PE.
- the embodiment of the present invention may further include the following steps:
- the ingress PE forwards the join(s, g) message to the next hop client edge (CE) router, and the CE router further completes the registration process of the client joining the multicast group.
- CE client edge
- the corresponding relationship between deleting the multicast address and the corresponding egress PE on the ingress PE includes the following steps:
- Step 401 The peripheral client network client requesting to leave the multicast group sends a request quit message in the E-IP format to the egress PE directly connected to the multicast client network; the packet also carries the join text. Similar to the multicast address, the request is logged out as quit(s, g);
- Step 402 The egress PE determines, according to the unicast routing table, that the address s of the multicast source is located in an E-IP network connected to the ingress PE of the other end of the intermediate transmission network, and the quit(s, g) Encapsulating the I-IP address of the egress PE, and sending the encapsulated packet to the ingress PE of the other end through the intermediate transmission network in a unicast manner;
- Step 403 The ingress PE receives the encapsulated quit(s, g) packet, decapsulates the packet, and performs the following processing according to the multicast address (s, g) in the packet:
- the mapping between the multicast address corresponding to the multicast address (s, g) in the quit (s, g) and the egress PE is obtained, and the information of the egress PE obtained by decapsulation is in the corresponding relationship.
- Delete When a multicast forwarding entry is used to save the corresponding relationship, the above processing is:
- the multicast forwarding entry entry((s, g), ⁇ PE ⁇ ) corresponding to the multicast address (s, g) in the quit(s, g) is obtained, and the egress PE obtained after decapsulation is obtained.
- the I-IP address is deleted from the PE set ⁇ PE ⁇ of the forwarding entry, thereby deleting the correspondence between the egress PE and the multicast address corresponding to the request to exit the multicast group client; further, if collecting from the PE After the I-IP address of the egress PE is deleted, the PE set is an empty set, and the multicast forwarding entry ((s, g), ⁇ PE ⁇ ) may be further deleted to save the storage space of the PE.
- the correspondence between the multicast address and the corresponding egress PE can be maintained in different manners.
- the following is an example of saving the corresponding relationship by using a multicast forwarding entry, and three types of maintaining the corresponding relationship. Ways to explain:
- Each multicast address ( s, g ) corresponds to a multicast forwarding entry ((s, g), ⁇ PE ⁇ ). At this time, any egress PE will not receive data that is not its own, but You need to maintain more multicast forwarding entries on the ingress PE.
- Some multicast addresses with common characteristics share an aggregated multicast forwarding entry entry((*, g*), ⁇ PE ⁇ ).
- the aggregation technology is used.
- a plurality of different (s, g) identical features share an entry, thereby reducing the number of multicast forwarding items that the PE router needs to maintain, and reducing the burden on the router.
- the common features of the multiple multicast addresses may be: the prefixes of the g addresses are the same, the prefixes of the s addresses are the same, and of course, other common features may not be affected, and the implementation of the present invention is not affected.
- the ingress PE is multicast according to the multicast data.
- the ingress PE is based on the multicast in the join packet or the quit packet.
- the address (s, g) determines an aggregated multicast forwarding entry corresponding to the address, and completes the step of establishing and deleting the corresponding relationship in the aggregated multicast forwarding entry.
- the specific maintenance mode can be as follows: Use the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) message instead of the join message to maintain the entry ((*,*), ⁇ PE ⁇ ) entry, ie: The ingress PE will all known BGP neighbors. The PE is added to the ⁇ PE ⁇ set. After receiving the multicast data, the ingress PE sends the multicast data to all BGP neighbor PEs in unicast mode.
- Border Gateway Protocol BGP
- This method is suitable for the case where the number of PEs in the I-IP transmission network is not large, and the burden on the PE can be effectively alleviated.
- the apparatus for implementing multicast transmission includes: a peripheral client network processing module 502, an intermediate transport network processing module 503, and an intermediate transport network transmission module 504, and the apparatus may further include: a peripheral client.
- the multicast forwarding correspondence storage module 505 is configured to store a correspondence between the established multicast address and the egress PE;
- the peripheral client network transmission module 501 is configured to: receive the multicast data sent by the client network client, and send the multicast data to the peripheral client network processing module 502;
- the peripheral client network processing module 502 is configured to: when determining that the received multicast data needs to be transmitted across the intermediate transmission network by querying the multicast routing table, sending the multicast data to the intermediate transmission network processing module 503;
- the intermediate transmission network processing module 503 is configured to: determine, according to the multicast address of the multicast data, and the correspondence between the multicast address and the egress PE stored in the multicast forwarding correspondence storage module 505, Each of the egress data PEs that match the multicast data, and the multicast data are encapsulated by using the determined addresses of the egress PEs;
- the intermediate transmission network transmission module 504 is configured to: send each multicast data encapsulated by the intermediate transmission network processing module 503 to the determined outlet PEs through the intermediate transmission network in a unicast manner.
- the apparatus in order to enable the establishment and deletion of the correspondence in the multicast forwarding correspondence storage module 505, the apparatus further includes a multicast transition control module 506.
- the intermediate transmission network transmission module 504 is also used to:
- the intermediate transmission network processing module 503 is further configured to: decapsulate the encapsulated request or request to exit the packet, and send the decapsulated packet to the peripheral client network processing module 502 for processing; the peripheral client The network processing module 502 is further configured to: after receiving the request for decapsulation to join or request to quit the message, notify the multicast transition control module 506 to perform processing;
- the multicast transition control module 506 is configured to: add or request to exit the multicast address carried in the packet according to the request, and update the correspondence between the multicast address stored in the multicast forwarding correspondence storage module 505 and the egress PE relationship.
- the apparatus for implementing multicast transmission corresponds to the ingress PE as described above, and when the apparatus is used as an egress PE, the intermediate transmission network processing module 503 may further be used to access the intermediate transmission network.
- the encapsulated multicast data received by the transmission module 504 is decapsulated, and the decapsulated multicast data is sent to the peripheral client network processing module 502;
- the peripheral client network processing module 502 receives the received information through the peripheral client network transmission module 501.
- the decapsulated multicast data is further forwarded to complete the transmission of the multicast data in the peripheral client network.
- the peripheral client network processing module 502 is further configured to:
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Abstract
A method and apparatus of realizing multicast transmission, and the method includes: when receiving multicast data needing to be transmitted across a network, the ingress PE determines the egress PEs matched with the multicast data according to the multicast address of the multicast data and the matching relationship between the multicast address and the corresponding egress PEs settled in the ingress PE; the said ingress PE encapsulates the multicast data respectively using each determined egress PE's address, and sends each encapsulated multicast data to the said each determined egress PE respectively in form of unicast through mid-transmission network. With the provided method and apparatus, in case of mid-transmission network not supporting multicast protocol, the multicast transmission using transitional multicast technology can be reached, it is not necessary for the great number of routers in the mid-transmission network to support multicast protocol, and the cost of realizing is reduced.
Description
实现组播传输的方法和装置 本申请要求于 2007 年 9 月 20 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 200710154643. K 发明名称为"实现组播传输的方法和装置 "的中国专利申请的 优先权, 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。 Method and apparatus for realizing multicast transmission This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application entitled "Method and Apparatus for Implementing Multicast Transmission", filed on September 20, 2007, by the Chinese Patent Office, Application No. 200710154643. The entire contents of this application are incorporated herein by reference.
技术领域 Technical field
本发明涉及网络通信技术领域 , 尤其涉及实现组播传输的方法和装置。 背景技术 The present invention relates to the field of network communication technologies, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for implementing multicast transmission. Background technique
当前, 随着网络通信使用者数量的不断增加, 传统的第四代互联网协议 ( IPv4, Internet Protocol version 4 ) 的网络已经无法提供足够的地址空间供使 用者使用 , 基于第六代互联网协议 ( IPv6 , Internet Protocol version 6 ) 的下一 代网络正由此得到迅速的发展。 然而, 由于 IPv4网络已经具有相当的 ¾f莫, 且当前大多数应用程序都 于 IPv4网络而设计、 使用, 因此, IPv4网络必 然会在今后仍长期存在, 由此, 当前形成了传统的 IPv4网络与下一代的 IPv6 网络逐步融合的过渡阶段。 在此过渡阶段中, 随着 IPv6网络作为骨干网的逐 渐建立以及 IPv4网络被逐步废弃, 将会出现一些 IPv4网络互不连通, 需要通 过中间的 IPv6传输网络进行互联的情况; 当然, 也会相应的出现一些 IPv6网 络互不连通, 需要通过中间的 IPv4传输网络进行互联的情况。 此时就会出现: 作为连通多个外围客户网桥梁的中间传输网所使用的协议(I-IP, Intra Network Internet Protocol )与外围客户网所使用的协议 ( E-IP, Extra Network Internet Protocol ) 不同, 也就是说, 会出现 I-IP为 IPv4而 E-IP为 IPv6、 或者 I-IP为 IPv6而 E-IP为 IPv4的情况。在中间传输网和外围客户网所使用的协议互不相 同时 , 会导致不同外围客户网难以通过中间传输网进行相互通信的问题。 Currently, with the increasing number of network communication users, the traditional fourth-generation Internet Protocol (IPv4) network has been unable to provide sufficient address space for users to use, based on the sixth generation Internet Protocol (IPv6). The next generation network of Internet Protocol version 6 ) is rapidly evolving. However, since IPv4 networks already have considerable connectivity, and most of the current applications are designed and used in IPv4 networks, IPv4 networks will inevitably exist for a long time in the future. As a result, traditional IPv4 networks are currently formed. The transition phase of the next generation of IPv6 networks is gradually merging. In this transitional phase, with the gradual establishment of the IPv6 network as the backbone network and the gradual abandonment of the IPv4 network, there will be some cases where the IPv4 networks are not connected to each other and need to be interconnected through the intermediate IPv6 transmission network. Of course, correspondingly Some IPv6 networks are disconnected from each other and need to be interconnected through an intermediate IPv4 transport network. This will appear: Protocol (I-IP, Intra Network Internet Protocol) used as an intermediate transport network connecting multiple peripheral client networks and protocols used by peripheral customer networks (E-IP, Extra Network Internet Protocol) Different, that is, there will be a case where the I-IP is IPv4 and the E-IP is IPv6, or the I-IP is IPv6 and the E-IP is IPv4. The protocols used in the intermediate transport network and the peripheral customer network are different from each other, which may cause different peripheral customer networks to communicate with each other through the intermediate transport network.
为了解决上述过渡阶段有可能出现的问题,现有技术中提出了基于地址翻 译的组播过渡技术, 该技术的基本思想是: 在入口服务商边缘路由器(PE, Provider Edge router )处, 将 E-IP的组播控制报文和组播数据报文分别翻译为 I-IP组播控制报文和组播数据报文, 其中, PE为处于中间传输网和外围客户 网之间的边缘路由器; 然后, PE将该翻译后的 I-IP组播报文在 I-IP网络中传 输, 在该报文到达出口 PE时, 再将该报文还原为相应的 E-IP组播报文, 并将
该艮文继续在 E-IP网络中进行传输。通过将所述翻译后的 I-IP组播报文在 I-IP 网络中传输, 可以在 I-IP网络的传输网提供商路由器(P, Provider router )上 建立起为 E-IP组播数据传输服务的 I-IP组播树。 一个 E-IP的组播树在 I-IP网 络中对应一个 I-IP组播树,这两个组播树实质上是组播树在不同协议的网络中 呈现的不同表现形式。 其中, 所述翻译采用预先协定的统一格式, 使得各个 PE均能识别, 从而无需各个 PE间再进行相互协商。 In order to solve the problems that may occur in the above transition phase, the prior art proposes a multicast translation technology based on address translation. The basic idea of the technology is: at the Provider Edge router (PE), E The IP multicast control packet and the multicast data packet are respectively translated into an I-IP multicast control packet and a multicast data packet, where the PE is an edge router between the intermediate transport network and the peripheral client network; Then, the PE transmits the translated I-IP multicast packet to the I-IP network, and when the packet reaches the egress PE, the packet is restored to the corresponding E-IP multicast packet, and Will The text continues to be transmitted in the E-IP network. By transmitting the translated I-IP multicast message in the I-IP network, E-IP multicast data can be established on the transport network provider router (P, Provider router) of the I-IP network. The I-IP multicast tree of the transport service. An E-IP multicast tree corresponds to an I-IP multicast tree in the I-IP network. These two multicast trees are essentially different representations of the multicast tree in different protocols. The translation adopts a pre-agreed unified format, so that each PE can be identified, so that mutual negotiation between the PEs is not required.
下面对上述翻译过程进行伴细描述。 例如, 当中间传输网运行的协议为 IPv6而外围客户网运行的协议为 IPv4时,翻译的格式如图 1所示,其中, IPv6 prefix为特定的 IPv6地址前缀, 以便 PE接收到此前缀的 IPv6地址后, 能够交 给相应的还原模块处理。该特定的地址前缀可以通过地址分配得到,也可以由 互联网服务提供商 (ISP, Internet Service Provider ) 内部统一配置, 所述翻译 和还原的过程如下: The above translation process is described in detail below. For example, when the protocol running on the intermediate transport network is IPv6 and the protocol running on the peripheral client network is IPv4, the format of the translation is as shown in FIG. 1 , where the IPv6 prefix is a specific IPv6 address prefix, so that the PE receives the IPv6 prefix. After the address, it can be handed over to the corresponding restore module for processing. The specific address prefix can be obtained through address allocation or internally configured by an Internet Service Provider (ISP). The translation and restoration process is as follows:
翻译: 对 IPv4单播或组播路由表中的目标网络地址部分, 形如 a.b.c.d/M, 其中 M为掩码的位长度。 按照 4over6 地址映射可以变换为伪 IPv6 地址: 4over6prefix:a.b.c.d /len+M。 其中 , 4over6prefix/len为伪 IPv6地址专有前缀, 长度为 len, 该伪 IPv6地址专有前缀可以通过地址分配得到, 也可由一个 ISP 自行分配和管理, 以便所有 PE无需协商便能识别。 Translation: The part of the destination network address in the IPv4 unicast or multicast routing table, in the form a.b.c.d/M, where M is the bit length of the mask. According to the 4over6 address mapping, it can be transformed into a pseudo IPv6 address: 4over6prefix: a.b.c.d /len+M. 4over6prefix/len is a pseudo-IPv6 address-specific prefix with a length of len. The pseudo-IPv6 address-specific prefix can be obtained through address allocation, or can be allocated and managed by an ISP, so that all PEs can be identified without negotiation.
还原: 4over6边界路由器使用伪 IPv6地址专有前缀 4over6prefix/len对目 标地址进行前缀匹配,若在 len前缀长度内的前缀相同,则判定该 IPv6路由为 伪 IPv6路由, 进而按照 4over6路由转换的逆变换进行路由还原。 Restore: The 4over6 border router uses the pseudo IPv6 address prefix 4over6prefix/len to prefix match the destination address. If the prefix within the len prefix length is the same, then the IPv6 route is determined to be a pseudo IPv6 route, and then the inverse transform of the 4over6 route conversion is performed. Perform a route restore.
上述组播过渡技术虽然能够在 I-IP与 E-IP不同的情况下, 实现外围客户 网通过中间传输网进行网络通信,但是,该技术仅能应用于中间传输网支持单 播数据传输的情况,如果需要通过中间传输网进行组播传输, 则需要中间传输 网中包括 PE以及大量的 P路由器在内的所有路由器均支持组播协议, 而在实 际应用中, 往往由于资金、 人力、 技术等方面的原因, 中间传输网中的中间 P 路由器并不支持组播协议,从而使得组播过渡技术无法在中间传输网不支持组 播协议的情况下得以应用, 进而造成在 I-IP与 E-IP不同的情况下无法实现外 围客户网通过中间传输网进行组播传输。 Although the above multicast transition technology can realize the network communication of the peripheral customer network through the intermediate transmission network under the condition that the I-IP and the E-IP are different, the technology can only be applied to the case where the intermediate transmission network supports the unicast data transmission. If you need to carry out multicast transmission through the intermediate transmission network, all routers including PE and a large number of P routers in the intermediate transmission network need to support the multicast protocol. In practical applications, it is often due to funds, manpower, technology, etc. For the reason, the intermediate P router in the intermediate transmission network does not support the multicast protocol, so that the multicast transition technology cannot be applied if the intermediate transmission network does not support the multicast protocol, thereby causing I-IP and E- When the IP is different, the peripheral customer network cannot be multicasted through the intermediate transmission network.
此外, 在上述现有技术中, 为了在 I-IP与 E-IP不同的情况下也能实现外
围客户网通过中间传输网进行网络通信, 需要进行不同网络协议的翻译, 当 E-IP协议类型为 IPv4而 I-IP协议类型为 IPv6时, 将 E-IP的 IPv4地址翻译成 I-IP的 IPv6地址较为容易, 由于 IPv6地址有 128位, 翻译时可以由 32位的 IPv4地址和一个 96位的特定 IPv6前缀结合共同构成一个 128位的伪 IPv6地 址; 但是, 当 E-IP协议类型为 IPv6而 I-IP协议类型为 IPv4时, 由于 IPv6地 址为 128位而 IPv4地址为 32位, 除非加入复杂的 PE间地址协商机制, 或为 协议 文增加特定的域, 否则无法将 128位的 IPv6地址翻译成 32位的 IPv4 地址, 从而造成该技术方案实现起来比较复杂。 除此之外, 由于翻译和还原需 要遵循预先制定的规则, 并且, 由 E-IP翻译得到的 I-IP组播控制报文在 I-IP 网络中的路由需要加入额外的寻址机制, I-IP传输网的中间 P路由器也需相应 地支持这一寻址机制, 这些也都为上述现有技术的实现带来了很大的实现难 度。 In addition, in the above prior art, in order to be different in the case where I-IP and E-IP are different, The network of the customer network is transmitted through the intermediate transmission network, and translation of different network protocols is required. When the E-IP protocol type is IPv4 and the I-IP protocol type is IPv6, the IPv4 address of the E-IP is translated into I-IP. The IPv6 address is relatively easy. Since the IPv6 address has 128 bits, the translation can be combined with a 32-bit IPv4 address and a 96-bit specific IPv6 prefix to form a 128-bit pseudo IPv6 address. However, when the E-IP protocol type is IPv6. When the I-IP protocol type is IPv4, the IPv4 address is 128 bits and the IPv4 address is 32 bits. Unless a complex inter-PE address negotiation mechanism is added, or a specific domain is added to the protocol, the 128-bit IPv6 address cannot be obtained. Translated into a 32-bit IPv4 address, which makes the technical solution more complicated to implement. In addition, since translation and restoration need to follow pre-established rules, and the routing of I-IP multicast control messages obtained by E-IP translation in the I-IP network needs to add an additional addressing mechanism, I - The intermediate P router of the IP transport network also needs to support this addressing mechanism accordingly, which also brings great difficulty in implementing the above-mentioned prior art implementation.
发明内容 Summary of the invention
本发明实施例的目的在于:提供实现组播传输的方法和装置, 以使得即使 在中间传输网并不支持组播协议的情况下 ,也能利用组播过渡技术实现组播传 输。 It is an object of embodiments of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for implementing multicast transmission so that multicast transmission can be implemented using a multicast transition technique even if the intermediate transmission network does not support a multicast protocol.
为实现上述发明目的, 本发明实施例提供以下技术方案: In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
一种实现组播传输的方法, 该方法包括: A method for implementing multicast transmission, the method comprising:
当入口服务商边缘路由器 PE接收到的组播数据需要跨传输网传输时, 根 据所述组播数据的组播地址、 以及在所述入口 PE上建立的组播地址与相应出 口 PE的对应关系 , 确定与所述组播数据相匹配的各个出口 PE; When the multicast data received by the ingress Provider edge router PE needs to be transmitted across the transport network, the corresponding relationship between the multicast address of the multicast data and the multicast address established on the ingress PE and the corresponding egress PE Determining, respectively, respective egress PEs that match the multicast data;
利用所确定的所述各个出口 PE的地址, 对所述组播数据分别进行封装, 并将封装后的各组播数据分别以单播方式通过中间传输网发送至所确定的所 述各个出口 PE。 Encapsulating the multicast data by using the determined addresses of the egress PEs, and transmitting the encapsulated multicast data to the determined egress PEs through the intermediate transport network in a unicast manner .
一种实现组播传输的装置, 该装置包括: 外围客户网处理模块、 中间传输 网处理模块和中间传输网传输模块, 其中: An apparatus for implementing multicast transmission, the apparatus comprising: a peripheral client network processing module, an intermediate transmission network processing module, and an intermediate transmission network transmission module, wherein:
所述外围客户网处理模块用于:在确定接收到的组播数据需要跨中间传输 网进行传输时, 将该组播数据发送至所述中间传输网处理模块; The peripheral client network processing module is configured to: when determining that the received multicast data needs to be transmitted across the intermediate transmission network, send the multicast data to the intermediate transmission network processing module;
所述中间传输网处理模块用于:根据所述组播数据的组播地址、 以及建立
的组播地址与出口 PE 的对应关系, 确定与所述组播数据相匹配的各个出口 PE,并利用所确定的所述各个出口 PE的地址,对所述组播数据分别进行封装; 所述中间传输网传输模块用于:将中间传输网处理模块封装后的各个组播 数据, 分别以单播方式通过中间传输网发送至所确定的所述各个出口 PE。 The intermediate transmission network processing module is configured to: establish, according to the multicast address of the multicast data, and establish Corresponding relationship between the multicast address and the egress PE, determining each egress PE that matches the multicast data, and encapsulating the multicast data by using the determined address of each egress PE; The intermediate transmission network transmission module is configured to: send each multicast data encapsulated by the intermediate transmission network processing module to the determined outlet PEs through the intermediate transmission network in a unicast manner.
可见, 在本发明实施例中, 通过在入口 PE上建立的组播地址与相应出口 It can be seen that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the multicast address established by the ingress PE and the corresponding egress are
PE的对应关系 , 能够针对当前所需发送的组播数据确定其所需发送到的相应 出口 PE,并根据确定的出口 PE对组播数据进行封装,将该封装的组播数据分 别以单播方式发送到所述的出口 PE, 从而使得在中间传输网不支持组播协议 的情况下, 也能够利用组播过渡技术实现组播传输, 且在具体实现过程中, 只 需要位于中间传输网与外围客户网网络边缘的 PE路由器支持组播机制, 不需 要中间传输网中间大量的 P路由器均支持组播协议,从而使得该方案更易实现 且能够更好的减少实现成本。 The corresponding relationship between the PEs and the corresponding outgoing PEs that need to be sent to the multicast data that is currently sent, and the multicast data is encapsulated according to the determined egress PE, and the encapsulated multicast data is separately unicasted. The mode is sent to the egress PE, so that when the intermediate transmission network does not support the multicast protocol, the multicast transition technology can also be used to implement multicast transmission, and in the specific implementation process, only the intermediate transmission network needs to be located. The PE router at the edge of the peripheral customer network supports the multicast mechanism. It does not require a large number of P routers in the middle of the intermediate transmission network to support the multicast protocol, which makes the solution easier to implement and can reduce the implementation cost.
另外, 由于在本发明实施例的实现过程中, 无需进行不同网络协议地址的 翻译,也使得本发明实施例的实现更加简单,从而有利于组播业务的迅速推广。 附图说明 In addition, in the implementation process of the embodiment of the present invention, the translation of the different network protocol addresses is not required, and the implementation of the embodiment of the present invention is further simplified, thereby facilitating the rapid promotion of the multicast service. DRAWINGS
图 1为现有技术中进行不同网络协议翻译时的所采用的翻译格式; 图 2为本发明一实施例的方法流程图; 1 is a translated format used in the translation of different network protocols in the prior art; FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图 3为本发明一实施例中实现在入口 PE上建立所述组播地址与相应出口 PE的对应关系的流程图; FIG. 3 is a flowchart of establishing a correspondence between the multicast address and a corresponding egress PE on an ingress PE according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图 4为本发明一实施例中实现在入口 PE上删除所述组播地址与相应出口 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of deleting the multicast address and corresponding exit on an ingress PE according to an embodiment of the present invention.
PE的对应关系的流程图; Flowchart of the correspondence of PEs;
图 5为本发明实施例所提供的装置的示意图。 FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式 detailed description
下面, 结合附图对本发明实施例进行伴细描述。 The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
参见图 2, 在本发明一实施例中, 实现组播传输包括以下步骤: Referring to FIG. 2, in an embodiment of the present invention, implementing multicast transmission includes the following steps:
步骤 201 : 入口服务商边缘路由器(PE )接收组播数据; 并判断接收到的 组播数据是否需要跨网传输, 如果需要, 则执行步骤 202; 否则对该组播数据 进行网内传输。 Step 201: The ingress service provider edge router (PE) receives the multicast data; and determines whether the received multicast data needs to be transmitted across the network. If necessary, step 202 is performed; otherwise, the multicast data is transmitted in the network.
步骤 202: 所述入口 PE根据所述组播数据的组播地址、 以及在其自身上
建立的组播地址与相应出口 PE的对应关系 , 确定与所述组播数据相匹配的各 个出口 PE; Step 202: The ingress PE is based on the multicast address of the multicast data, and on itself Corresponding relationship between the established multicast address and the corresponding egress PE, and determining each egress PE that matches the multicast data;
步骤 203:所述入口 PE利用所确定的所述各个出口 PE的地址,对所述组 播数据分别进行封装,并将封装后的各组播数据分别以单播方式通过中间传输 网发送至所确定的所述各个出口 PE。 Step 203: The ingress PE separately encapsulates the multicast data by using the determined addresses of the egress PEs, and sends the encapsulated multicast data to the office through the intermediate transmission network in a unicast manner. The respective outlet PEs are determined.
在本发明优选实施例中, 当所述各个出口 PE接收到所述组播数据后, 还 可进一步对该封装的组播数据进行解封装,并将解封装后得到的组播数据进行 进一步的转发, 直至完成数据传输。 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after receiving the multicast data, each of the egress PEs may further decapsulate the encapsulated multicast data, and further perform the decapsulated multicast data. Forward until the data transfer is completed.
其中,入口 PE采用组播转发项来保存、维护所述组播地址与各个出口 PE 的对应关系, 为描述方便, 在以下实施例中, 均以组播转发项为例对本发明实 施例所提供的方法加以说明; 当然, 在本发明其他实施例中, 也可采用其他方 式来保存、 维护所述组播地址与出口 PE集合的对应关系, 并不影响本发明的 实现。 The ingress PE uses a multicast forwarding entry to store and maintain the correspondence between the multicast address and each egress PE. For the convenience of description, in the following embodiments, the multicast forwarding item is taken as an example to provide an embodiment of the present invention. The method is described; of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, other manners may be used to save and maintain the correspondence between the multicast address and the egress PE set, without affecting the implementation of the present invention.
为了描述更加清晰, 下面结合具体实例,针对外围客户网的客户端加入组 播组、 退出组播组的情况, 对如何实现在入口 PE上建立、 删除所述组播地址 与出口 PE的对应关系加以详细说明, 其中, 所述的入口、 出口均是针对组播 数据传输的流向而言, 并非针对建立、 维护所述对应关系时的"¾文流向而言。 For the sake of clarity, the following is a description of how to establish and delete the correspondence between the multicast address and the egress PE on the ingress PE for the client of the peripheral client network to join the multicast group and exit the multicast group. In detail, the ingress and egress are both for the flow of multicast data transmission, and not for the "3⁄4" flow direction when establishing and maintaining the correspondence.
(―)外围客户网的客户端加入组播组: (―) The client of the peripheral client network joins the multicast group:
参见图 3, 在本发明一实施例中, 在外围客户网的客户端加入组播组的情 况下, 实现在入口 PE上建立所述组播地址与相应出口 PE的对应关系包括以 下步骤: Referring to FIG. 3, in an embodiment of the present invention, when a client of a peripheral client network joins a multicast group, establishing a correspondence between the multicast address and the corresponding egress PE on the ingress PE includes the following steps:
步骤 301 : 请求加入组播组的外围客户网客户端, 通过外围客户网向与其 直接相连的出口 PE发送 E-IP格式的请求加入 (join)报文; 其中, 该 join报文 中携带有组播地址,该组播地址包括所述客户端所要加入的组播组中的组播源 的地址、 以及其所要加入的组播组的地址; 为表述方便, 以 join(s, g)表示所述 join报文, 其中, s代表所述组播源的地址, g表示所述组播组的地址; Step 301: A client client that requests to join the multicast group, and sends a request in the E-IP format to the egress PE that is directly connected to the peer network through the peripheral client network. The join packet carries the group. Broadcast address, the multicast address includes the address of the multicast source in the multicast group to which the client is to join, and the address of the multicast group to which the client wants to join; for convenience of presentation, the join(s, g) indicates a join message, where s represents an address of the multicast source, and g represents an address of the multicast group;
步骤 302: 所述出口 PE根据单播路由表确定得到所述组播源的地址 s位 于中间传输网另一端的入口 PE所连接的 E-IP网^瓜岛中, 将所述 join(s, g) 与该出口 PE的 I-IP地址封装, 并将封装后的报文以单播方式通过中间传输网
发送至所述另一端的入口 PE; Step 302: The egress PE determines, according to the unicast routing table, that the address s of the multicast source is located in an E-IP network connected to an ingress PE at the other end of the intermediate transmission network, and the join (s, g) encapsulate the I-IP address with the egress PE, and pass the encapsulated packet through the intermediate transmission network in unicast mode. Sending to the inlet PE of the other end;
步骤 303: 所述入口 PE接收到封装后的 join(s, g)报文, 对该报文进行解 封装, 并根据该报文中的组播地址(s,g )进行如下处理: Step 303: The ingress PE receives the encapsulated join(s, g) packet, decapsulates the packet, and performs the following processing according to the multicast address (s, g) in the packet:
如果已经存在所述 join(s, g)中的组播地址( s, g )与相应出口 PE的对应关 系, 则将解封装后得到的所述出口 PE的信息增加到所述组播地址与相应出口 PE的对应关系中,从而建立该请求加入组播组客户端所对应的出口 PE与组播 地址的对应关系;在采用组播转发项来保存所述对应关系时,上述处理相应为: 如果判断得到已经存在所述 join(s, g)中的组播地址(s, g )相对应的组播转发 项 entry((s, g), {PE}), 则将解封装后得到的所述出口 PE的 I-IP地址增加到该 转发项 entry的 PE集合 {PE}中; If the correspondence between the multicast address ( s, g ) in the join (s, g) and the corresponding egress PE is already existing, the information about the egress PE obtained after decapsulation is added to the multicast address and Corresponding relationship between the egress PE and the multicast address corresponding to the multicast group client is established in the corresponding relationship of the egress PE; when the multicast forwarding entry is used to save the correspondence, the foregoing processing is: If it is determined that the multicast forwarding entry entry((s, g), {PE}) corresponding to the multicast address (s, g) in the join(s, g) already exists, the packet is decapsulated. The I-IP address of the egress PE is added to the PE set {PE} of the forwarding entry;
如果当前并不存在所述 join(s, g)中的组播地址( s, g )与相应出口 PE的对 应关系, 则在所述入口 PE上建立该对应关系; 在采用组播转发项来保存所述 对应关系时,上述处理相应为: 如果对应于所述 join(s,g)中的组播地址(s,g ), 并不存在与之对应的组播转发项, 则在所述入口 PE上建立与组播地址(s,g ) 对应的组播转发项 entry((s, g), {PE}),并将该组播转发项 PE集合 {PE}中的 I-IP 地址初始化为所述出口 PE的 I-IP地址。 If there is no corresponding relationship between the multicast address ( s, g ) in the join (s, g) and the corresponding egress PE, the corresponding relationship is established on the ingress PE; When the corresponding relationship is saved, the foregoing processing is: if there is no multicast forwarding entry corresponding to the multicast address (s, g) in the join (s, g), then A multicast forwarding entry ((s, g), {PE}) corresponding to the multicast address (s, g) is established on the ingress PE, and the I-IP address in the multicast forwarding entry PE set {PE} is set. Initialized to the I-IP address of the egress PE.
进一步的,在外围客户网的客户端加入组播组时,本发明实施例还可进一 步包括如下步骤: Further, when the client of the peripheral client network joins the multicast group, the embodiment of the present invention may further include the following steps:
所述入口 PE将所述 join(s, g)报文继续转发给下一跳客户边缘 ( CE )路由 器, 由该 CE路由器进一步完成所述客户端加入组播组的注册过程。 The ingress PE forwards the join(s, g) message to the next hop client edge (CE) router, and the CE router further completes the registration process of the client joining the multicast group.
(二)外围客户网的客户端退出组播组: (2) The client of the peripheral customer network exits the multicast group:
参见图 4, 在本发明一实施例中, 在外围客户网的客户端请求退出组播组 的情况下, 实现在入口 PE上删除所述组播地址与相应出口 PE的对应关系包 括以下步骤: Referring to FIG. 4, in an embodiment of the present invention, in the case that the client of the peripheral client network requests to exit the multicast group, the corresponding relationship between deleting the multicast address and the corresponding egress PE on the ingress PE includes the following steps:
步骤 401 : 请求退出组播组的外围客户网客户端, 通过外围客户网向与其 直接相连的出口 PE发送 E-IP格式的请求退出(quit)报文; 该报文中同样携带 有与 join 文类似的组播地址, 该请求退出 4艮文表示为 quit(s, g); Step 401: The peripheral client network client requesting to leave the multicast group sends a request quit message in the E-IP format to the egress PE directly connected to the multicast client network; the packet also carries the join text. Similar to the multicast address, the request is logged out as quit(s, g);
步骤 402: 所述出口 PE根据单播路由表确定得到所述组播源的地址 s位 于中间传输网另一端的入口 PE所连接的 E-IP网^瓜岛中, 将所述 quit(s, g)
与该出口 PE的 I-IP地址封装, 并将封装后的报文以单播方式通过中间传输网 发送至所述另一端的入口 PE; Step 402: The egress PE determines, according to the unicast routing table, that the address s of the multicast source is located in an E-IP network connected to the ingress PE of the other end of the intermediate transmission network, and the quit(s, g) Encapsulating the I-IP address of the egress PE, and sending the encapsulated packet to the ingress PE of the other end through the intermediate transmission network in a unicast manner;
步骤 403: 所述入口 PE接收到封装后的 quit(s, g)报文, 对该报文进行解 封装, 根据该报文中的组播地址(s,g )进行如下处理: Step 403: The ingress PE receives the encapsulated quit(s, g) packet, decapsulates the packet, and performs the following processing according to the multicast address (s, g) in the packet:
查找得到所述 quit(s,g)中的组播地址(s,g )所对应的组播地址与出口 PE 的对应关系, 将解封装后得到的所述出口 PE的信息在该对应关系中删除, 在 采用组播转发项来保存所述对应关系时, 上述处理相应为: The mapping between the multicast address corresponding to the multicast address (s, g) in the quit (s, g) and the egress PE is obtained, and the information of the egress PE obtained by decapsulation is in the corresponding relationship. Delete. When a multicast forwarding entry is used to save the corresponding relationship, the above processing is:
查找得到所述 quit(s, g)中的组播地址(s,g )所对应的组播转发项 entry((s, g), {PE}), 将解封装后得到的所述出口 PE的 I-IP地址从该转发项 entry的 PE 集合 {PE}中删除,从而删除该请求退出组播组客户端所对应的出口 PE与组播 地址的对应关系; 进一步的, 如果在从 PE集合删除所述出口 PE的 I-IP地址 后, 该 PE集合为空集, 则还可进一步删除所述组播转发项 entry((s, g), {PE}), 以节省 PE的存储空间。 The multicast forwarding entry entry((s, g), {PE}) corresponding to the multicast address (s, g) in the quit(s, g) is obtained, and the egress PE obtained after decapsulation is obtained. The I-IP address is deleted from the PE set {PE} of the forwarding entry, thereby deleting the correspondence between the egress PE and the multicast address corresponding to the request to exit the multicast group client; further, if collecting from the PE After the I-IP address of the egress PE is deleted, the PE set is an empty set, and the multicast forwarding entry ((s, g), {PE}) may be further deleted to save the storage space of the PE.
另外, 在实际应用中, 对于组播地址与相应出口 PE的对应关系, 可以采 用不同方式加以维护, 下面, 以通过组播转发项来保存所述对应关系为例, 对 维护对应关系的三种方式加以说明: In addition, in the actual application, the correspondence between the multicast address and the corresponding egress PE can be maintained in different manners. The following is an example of saving the corresponding relationship by using a multicast forwarding entry, and three types of maintaining the corresponding relationship. Ways to explain:
方式一: method one:
每个组播地址( s, g )单独对应一个组播转发项 entry((s, g), {PE}), 此时, 任何出口 PE都不会接收到不属于自己的数据,但是,该种方式需要在入口 PE 上维护较多的组播转发项; Each multicast address ( s, g ) corresponds to a multicast forwarding entry ((s, g), {PE}). At this time, any egress PE will not receive data that is not its own, but You need to maintain more multicast forwarding entries on the ingress PE.
方式二: Method 2:
某些具有共同特征的多个组播地址共享一个聚合的组播转发项 entry((*, g*),{PE})。 多个组播地址共享同一个聚合的组播转发项的情况下, 不用为每个 (s, g)单独维护一个 entry((s, g),{PE}), 而是使用聚合技术, 使得多个特征相同 的不同的 (s, g)共享一个 entry,从而减少 PE路由器需要维护的组播转发项的个 数, 减小了路由器负担。 其中, 多个组播地址具有的共同特征可以为: g地址 的前缀相同、 s地址的前缀相同, 当然, 也可以是其他的共同特征, 并不影响 本发明的实现。 Some multicast addresses with common characteristics share an aggregated multicast forwarding entry entry((*, g*), {PE}). When multiple multicast addresses share the same aggregated multicast forwarding entry, instead of maintaining an entry ((s, g), {PE}) for each (s, g), the aggregation technology is used. A plurality of different (s, g) identical features share an entry, thereby reducing the number of multicast forwarding items that the PE router needs to maintain, and reducing the burden on the router. The common features of the multiple multicast addresses may be: the prefixes of the g addresses are the same, the prefixes of the s addresses are the same, and of course, other common features may not be affected, and the implementation of the present invention is not affected.
在这种情况下, 在上述步骤 202中, 所述入口 PE根据组播数据的组播地
址(s,g ), 确定该组播地址所对应的聚合组播转发项 entry((*,g*),{PE}), 并将 该转发项 PE集合 {PE}中的各个 PE确定为所述与组播数据相匹配的出口 PE; 由此, 加入到组播地址 (s, g)对应的组播组的出口 PE可能收到入口 PE发给加 入到其他组播地址 (s,, g,)对应的组播组的出口 PE的组播数据,其中,所述 (s,,g,) 和 (s, g)具有共同的特征, 共享同一个 entry((*, g*),{PE}), 因而加入到组 (s, g) 和 (s,,g,)的不同出口 PE能收到所有关于 (*, g*)的数据, 出口 PE在收到组播数 据后根据 E-IP的 PIM转发表判断收到的组播数据是否为冗余数据, 如果是, 则丢弃该组播数据。 In this case, in the foregoing step 202, the ingress PE is multicast according to the multicast data. Address (s, g), determining an aggregate multicast forwarding entry ((*, g*), {PE}) corresponding to the multicast address, and determining each PE in the forwarding item PE set {PE} as The egress PE that matches the multicast data; the egress PE of the multicast group corresponding to the multicast address (s, g) may be sent to the other multicast address (s, g,) the multicast data of the egress PE of the corresponding multicast group, wherein the (s, g,) and (s, g) have the same feature, sharing the same entry ((*, g*), {PE}), so the different egress PEs added to the groups (s, g) and (s, g,) can receive all the data about (*, g*), and the egress PE receives the multicast data according to The PIM forwarding table of the E-IP determines whether the received multicast data is redundant data, and if so, discards the multicast data.
类似的, 如果采用该方式维护组播转发项, 则在建立、删除所述组播地址 与相应出口 PE的对应关系时, 所述入口 PE根据所述 join报文或 quit报文中 的组播地址(s,g ), 确定与该地址对应的聚合的组播转发项, 并在该聚合的组 播转发项中完成建立、 删除所述对应关系的步骤。 Similarly, if the multicast forwarding entry is maintained in this manner, when the mapping between the multicast address and the corresponding egress PE is established and deleted, the ingress PE is based on the multicast in the join packet or the quit packet. The address (s, g) determines an aggregated multicast forwarding entry corresponding to the address, and completes the step of establishing and deleting the corresponding relationship in the aggregated multicast forwarding entry.
方式三: Method three:
在该方式中, 所有组播地址共享一个组播转发项 entry((*,*),{PE}), 此时, 使用 I-IP的中间传输网相当于一个局域网 (LAN ), 入口 PE需要将组播数据 封装后以单播方式发送给 entry((*,*),{PE})中的所有 PE。 In this mode, all multicast addresses share a multicast forwarding entry ((*, *), {PE}). At this time, the intermediate transport network using I-IP is equivalent to a local area network (LAN), and the ingress PE needs The multicast data is encapsulated and sent to all PEs in entry((*,*),{PE}) in unicast mode.
采用此方式, 入口 PE只需要维护一个 entry((*,*),{PE})转发项。 具体的维 护方式可以为: 使用边界网关协议 ( BGP )报文而不是 join报文来维护这一 entry((*,*),{PE})项,即: 入口 PE将所有已知的 BGP邻居 PE加入到 {PE}集合 之中, 入口 PE收到组播数据后, 以单播方式发送给所有 BGP邻居 PE。 In this way, the ingress PE only needs to maintain an entry((*,*),{PE}) forwarding entry. The specific maintenance mode can be as follows: Use the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) message instead of the join message to maintain the entry ((*,*),{PE}) entry, ie: The ingress PE will all known BGP neighbors. The PE is added to the {PE} set. After receiving the multicast data, the ingress PE sends the multicast data to all BGP neighbor PEs in unicast mode.
该种方式适合于 I-IP传输网中 PE数量不是很多的情况,能够有效减轻 PE 的负担。 This method is suitable for the case where the number of PEs in the I-IP transmission network is not large, and the burden on the PE can be effectively alleviated.
下面, 对本发明实施例所提供的装置加以详细说明。 Hereinafter, the device provided by the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.
参见图 5, 本发明实施例中所提供的实现组播传输的装置包括: 外围客户 网处理模块 502、 中间传输网处理模块 503和中间传输网传输模块 504, 所述 装置还可以包括:外围客户网传输模块 501和组播转发对应关系存储模块 505, 其中: Referring to FIG. 5, the apparatus for implementing multicast transmission provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes: a peripheral client network processing module 502, an intermediate transport network processing module 503, and an intermediate transport network transmission module 504, and the apparatus may further include: a peripheral client. The network transmission module 501 and the multicast forwarding correspondence storage module 505, wherein:
所述组播转发对应关系存储模块 505,用于存储建立的组播地址与出口 PE 的对应关系;
所述外围客户网传输模块 501用于:接收外围客户网客户端发送的组播数 据 , 并将该组播数据发送至所述外围客户网处理模块 502; The multicast forwarding correspondence storage module 505 is configured to store a correspondence between the established multicast address and the egress PE; The peripheral client network transmission module 501 is configured to: receive the multicast data sent by the client network client, and send the multicast data to the peripheral client network processing module 502;
所述外围客户网处理模块 502用于:当通过查询组播路由表确定得到所收 到的组播数据需要跨中间传输网进行传输时,将该组播数据发送至所述中间传 输网处理模块 503; The peripheral client network processing module 502 is configured to: when determining that the received multicast data needs to be transmitted across the intermediate transmission network by querying the multicast routing table, sending the multicast data to the intermediate transmission network processing module 503;
所述中间传输网处理模块 503用于:根据所述组播数据的组播地址、 以及 所述组播转发对应关系存储模块 505 中存储的组播地址与出口 PE 的对应关 系, 确定与所述组播数据相匹配的各个出口 PE, 以及, 利用所确定的所述各 个出口 PE的地址, 对所述组播数据分别进行封装; The intermediate transmission network processing module 503 is configured to: determine, according to the multicast address of the multicast data, and the correspondence between the multicast address and the egress PE stored in the multicast forwarding correspondence storage module 505, Each of the egress data PEs that match the multicast data, and the multicast data are encapsulated by using the determined addresses of the egress PEs;
所述中间传输网传输模块 504用于:将中间传输网处理模块 503封装后的 各个组播数据,分别以单播方式通过中间传输网发送至所确定的所述各个出口 PE。 The intermediate transmission network transmission module 504 is configured to: send each multicast data encapsulated by the intermediate transmission network processing module 503 to the determined outlet PEs through the intermediate transmission network in a unicast manner.
在本发明优选实施例中, 为了能够实现在组播转发对应关系存储模块 505 中建立、删除所述对应关系,该装置进一步包括组播过渡控制模块 506,此时, 所述中间传输网传输模块 504还用于: In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to enable the establishment and deletion of the correspondence in the multicast forwarding correspondence storage module 505, the apparatus further includes a multicast transition control module 506. At this time, the intermediate transmission network transmission module 504 is also used to:
接收通过中间传输网传输来的封装的请求加入或请求退出报文,并将该报 文传输至所述中间传输网处理模块 503; Receiving a request to join or request to exit the packet transmitted through the intermediate transport network, and transmitting the message to the intermediate transport network processing module 503;
所述中间传输网处理模块 503还用于:对所述封装的请求加入或请求退出 报文进行解封装, 并将解封装后的报文发送给外围客户网处理模块 502处理; 所述外围客户网处理模块 502还用于:在收到解封装的请求加入或请求退 出报文后, 通知组播过渡控制模块 506进行处理; The intermediate transmission network processing module 503 is further configured to: decapsulate the encapsulated request or request to exit the packet, and send the decapsulated packet to the peripheral client network processing module 502 for processing; the peripheral client The network processing module 502 is further configured to: after receiving the request for decapsulation to join or request to quit the message, notify the multicast transition control module 506 to perform processing;
所述组播过渡控制模块 506用于:根据所述请求加入或请求退出报文中携 带的组播地址,更新所述组播转发对应关系存储模块 505中存储的组播地址与 出口 PE的对应关系。 The multicast transition control module 506 is configured to: add or request to exit the multicast address carried in the packet according to the request, and update the correspondence between the multicast address stored in the multicast forwarding correspondence storage module 505 and the egress PE relationship.
在以上描述中, 所述实现组播传输的装置对应于如上所述的入口 PE, 在 该装置作为出口 PE时, 所述中间传输网处理模块 503还可进一步用于对从所 述中间传输网传输模块 504接收到的封装的组播数据进行解封装,并将解封装 后的组播数据发送给所述外围客户网处理模块 502; In the above description, the apparatus for implementing multicast transmission corresponds to the ingress PE as described above, and when the apparatus is used as an egress PE, the intermediate transmission network processing module 503 may further be used to access the intermediate transmission network. The encapsulated multicast data received by the transmission module 504 is decapsulated, and the decapsulated multicast data is sent to the peripheral client network processing module 502;
所述外围客户网处理模块 502通过所述外围客户网传输模块 501对收到的
所述解封装后的组播数据进行进一步转发, 完成组播数据在外围客户网的传 输。 The peripheral client network processing module 502 receives the received information through the peripheral client network transmission module 501. The decapsulated multicast data is further forwarded to complete the transmission of the multicast data in the peripheral client network.
进一步的, 在所述实现组播传输的装置作为出口 PE时, 所述外围客户网 处理模块 502还可进一步用于: Further, when the device that implements the multicast transmission is used as the egress PE, the peripheral client network processing module 502 is further configured to:
根据外围客户网的单播协议转发表,判断收到的所述解封装后的组播数据 是否为冗余数据, 如果是, 则丢弃该组播数据。 And determining, according to the unicast protocol forwarding table of the peripheral client network, whether the received decapsulated multicast data is redundant data, and if yes, discarding the multicast data.
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通 技术人员来说, 在不脱离本发明原理的前提下, 还可以做出若干改进和润饰, 这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can also make several improvements and retouchings without departing from the principles of the present invention. It should be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1、 一种实现组播传输的方法, 其特征在于, 该方法包括: A method for implementing multicast transmission, the method comprising:
当入口服务商边缘路由器 PE接收到的组播数据需要跨传输网传输时, 根 据所述组播数据的组播地址、 以及在所述入口 PE上建立的组播地址与相应出 口 PE的对应关系 , 确定与所述组播数据相匹配的各个出口 PE; When the multicast data received by the ingress Provider edge router PE needs to be transmitted across the transport network, the corresponding relationship between the multicast address of the multicast data and the multicast address established on the ingress PE and the corresponding egress PE Determining, respectively, respective egress PEs that match the multicast data;
利用所确定的所述各个出口 PE的地址, 对所述组播数据分别进行封装, 并将封装后的各组播数据分别以单播方式通过中间传输网发送至所确定的所 述各个出口 PE。 Encapsulating the multicast data by using the determined addresses of the egress PEs, and transmitting the encapsulated multicast data to the determined egress PEs through the intermediate transport network in a unicast manner .
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 该方法还包括: 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
在所述入口 PE上建立所述组播地址与相应出口 PE的对应关系, 具体过 程包括: The mapping between the multicast address and the corresponding egress PE is established on the ingress PE, and the specific processes include:
请求加入所述组播地址对应的组播组的外围客户网的客户端,通过外围客 户网向与该外围客户网直接相连的出口 PE发送请求加入报文, 其中, 该请求 加入报文中携带有组播地址; The client of the peripheral client network that requests to join the multicast group corresponding to the multicast address sends a request join message to the egress PE directly connected to the peripheral client network through the peripheral client network, where the request join message carries Have a multicast address;
所述出口 PE在接收到所述请求加入报文后, 将所述请求加入报文与该出 口 PE的地址封装后, 以单播方式通过中间传输网发送至所述入口 PE; After receiving the request to join the packet, the egress PE encapsulates the request join message and the address of the egress PE, and sends the request to the ingress PE through the intermediate transport network in a unicast manner;
所述入口 PE接收到该出口 PE发送封装后的所述请求加入报文, 对该报 文进行解封装, 并根据该报文中的组播地址进行如下处理: The ingress PE receives the request join message sent by the egress PE, decapsulates the packet, and performs the following processing according to the multicast address in the egress packet:
如果已经存在所述请求加入 文的组播地址与相应出口 PE的对应关系 , 则将解封装后得到的所述出口 PE的信息增加到所述组播地址与相应出口 PE 的对应关系中; If the correspondence between the multicast address of the request and the corresponding egress PE is already existing, the information about the egress PE obtained by the decapsulation is added to the corresponding relationship between the multicast address and the corresponding egress PE;
如果当前并不存在所述请求加入 文的组播地址与相应出口 PE的对应关 系, 则在所述入口 PE上建立该对应关系。 If the corresponding relationship between the multicast address of the request join message and the corresponding egress PE does not exist, the corresponding relationship is established on the ingress PE.
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 该方法还包括: 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
当外围客户网的客户端请求退出所述组播地址对应的组播组时,在所述入 口 PE上删除所述组播地址与相应出口 PE的对应关系 , 具体过程包括: When the client of the peripheral client network requests to quit the multicast group corresponding to the multicast address, the corresponding relationship between the multicast address and the corresponding egress PE is deleted on the ingress PE, and the specific process includes:
请求退出组播组的外围客户网的客户端,通过外围客户网向与该外围客户 网直接相连的出口 PE发送请求退出报文, 其中, 该请求退出报文中携带有组 播地址;
所述出口 PE将接收到的所述请求退出报文与该出口 PE的地址封装后, 以单播方式通过中间传输网发送至所述入口 PE; The client of the peripheral client network requesting to leave the multicast group sends a request to exit the packet to the egress PE directly connected to the peripheral client network through the peripheral client network, where the request egress message carries a multicast address; The egress PE encapsulates the received request egress message with the address of the egress PE, and sends the request to the ingress PE through the intermediate transmission network in a unicast manner;
所述入口 PE对接收到封装后的请求退出报文进行解封装, 查找得到所述 请求退出4艮文中的组播地址所对应的组播地址与出口 PE的对应关系, 将解封 装后得到的所述出口 PE的信息在该对应关系中删除。 The ingress PE decapsulates the encapsulated request-received packet, and obtains the correspondence between the multicast address corresponding to the multicast address in the request and the egress PE, and obtains the corresponding relationship between the multicast address and the egress PE. The information of the egress PE is deleted in the correspondence.
4、 根据权利要求 1〜3任意一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述组播地址 与相应出口 PE的对应关系为: The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the correspondence between the multicast address and the corresponding egress PE is:
一个组播地址与其相应出口 PE的对应关系。 The correspondence between a multicast address and its corresponding egress PE.
5、 根据权利要求 1〜3任意一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述组播地址 与相应出口 PE的对应关系为: The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the correspondence between the multicast address and the corresponding egress PE is:
至少两个具有共同特征的组播地址共享的所述组播地址与相应出口 PE的 对应关系。 Correspondence between the multicast address shared by at least two multicast addresses having a common feature and the corresponding egress PE.
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述入口 PE将封装后的 各组播数据分别以单播方式通过中间传输网发送至所确定的所述各个出口 PE 之后还包括: The method according to claim 5, wherein the ingress PE sends the encapsulated multicast data to the determined egress PEs through the intermediate transport network in a unicast manner, and further includes:
所述出口 PE收到所述组播数据后, 判断该组播数据是否为冗余数据, 如 果是, 则丢弃该组播数据。 After receiving the multicast data, the egress PE determines whether the multicast data is redundant data, and if yes, discards the multicast data.
7、 根据权利要求 1〜3任意一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述组播地址 与相应出口 PE的对应关系为: The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the correspondence between the multicast address and the corresponding egress PE is:
所有组播地址共享的所述组播地址与相应出口 PE的对应关系。 Correspondence between the multicast address shared by all multicast addresses and the corresponding egress PE.
8、 根据权利要求 1〜3任意一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述组播地址 与相应出口 PE的对应关系通过组播转发项来保存。 The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the correspondence between the multicast address and the corresponding egress PE is saved by using a multicast forwarding entry.
9、 根据权利要求 1〜3任意一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述将封装后 的各组播数据分别以单播方式通过中间传输网发送至所确定的所述各个出口 PE之后还包括: The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the encapsulated multicast data is sent to the determined outlets PE through the intermediate transmission network in a unicast manner. Also includes:
所述出口 PE对所述封装后的组播数据进行解封装, 并将解封装后得到的 组播数据进行转发。 The egress PE decapsulates the encapsulated multicast data, and forwards the demodulated multicast data.
10、 一种实现组播传输的装置, 其特征在于, 该装置包括: 外围客户网处 理模块、 中间传输网处理模块和中间传输网传输模块, 其中:
所述外围客户网处理模块用于:在确定接收到的组播数据需要跨中间传输 网进行传输时, 将该组播数据发送至所述中间传输网处理模块; 10. An apparatus for implementing multicast transmission, the apparatus comprising: a peripheral client network processing module, an intermediate transmission network processing module, and an intermediate transmission network transmission module, wherein: The peripheral client network processing module is configured to: when determining that the received multicast data needs to be transmitted across the intermediate transport network, send the multicast data to the intermediate transport network processing module;
所述中间传输网处理模块用于:根据所述组播数据的组播地址、 以及建立 的组播地址与出口 PE 的对应关系, 确定与所述组播数据相匹配的各个出口 PE,并利用所确定的所述各个出口 PE的地址,对所述组播数据分别进行封装; 所述中间传输网传输模块用于:将中间传输网处理模块封装后的各个组播 数据, 分别以单播方式通过中间传输网发送至所确定的所述各个出口 PE。 The intermediate transmission network processing module is configured to: determine, according to the multicast address of the multicast data, and the correspondence between the established multicast address and the egress PE, each egress PE that matches the multicast data, and utilize the Determining, by the determined address of each of the egress PEs, the multicast data, and the intermediate transmission network transmission module is configured to: unicast each multicast data encapsulated by the intermediate transmission network processing module The respective outlet PEs are determined to be transmitted through the intermediate transmission network.
11、 根据权利要求 10所述的装置, 其特征在于, 还包括: 外围客户网传 输模块用于:接收外围客户网客户端发送的组播数据, 并将该组播数据发送至 所述外围客户网处理模块; The device according to claim 10, further comprising: a peripheral client network transmission module, configured to: receive multicast data sent by the client network client, and send the multicast data to the peripheral client Network processing module;
12、 根据权利要求 10或 11所述的装置, 其特征在于, 还包括: 组播转发 对应关系存储模块, 用于存储建立的组播地址与出口 PE的对应关系。 The device according to claim 10 or 11, further comprising: a multicast forwarding correspondence storage module, configured to store a correspondence between the established multicast address and the egress PE.
13、 根据权利要求 11所述的装置, 其特征在于, 该装置还包括组播过渡 控制模块, 所述中间传输网传输模块还用于: The device according to claim 11, wherein the device further comprises a multicast transition control module, wherein the intermediate transport network transmission module is further configured to:
接收通过中间传输网传输来的封装的请求加入或请求退出报文,并将该报 文传输至所述中间传输网处理模块; Receiving, by the intermediate transmission network, the encapsulated request to join or request to exit the message, and transmitting the message to the intermediate transmission network processing module;
所述中间传输网处理模块还用于:对所述封装的请求加入或请求退出报文 进行解封装, 并将解封装后的报文发送给所述外围客户网处理模块处理; The intermediate transmission network processing module is further configured to: perform a decapsulation of the encapsulated request request or request to exit the packet, and send the decapsulated packet to the peripheral client network processing module for processing;
所述外围客户网处理模块还用于:在收到解封装的请求加入或请求退出报 文后, 通知所述组播过渡控制模块进行处理; The peripheral client network processing module is further configured to: after receiving the request for decapsulation to join or request to quit the message, notifying the multicast transition control module to perform processing;
所述组播过渡控制模块用于:根据所述请求加入或请求退出报文中携带的 组播地址, 更新所述组播转发对应关系存储模块中存储的组播地址与出口 PE 的对应关系。 The multicast transition control module is configured to: join or request to quit the multicast address carried in the packet according to the request, and update a correspondence between the multicast address stored in the multicast forwarding correspondence storage module and the egress PE.
14、 根据权利要求 13所述的装置, 其特征在于, 中间传输网处理模块还 用于对从所述中间传输网传输模块接收到的封装的组播数据进行解封装,并将 解封装后的组播数据发送给所述外围客户网处理模块; The apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the intermediate transmission network processing module is further configured to decapsulate the encapsulated multicast data received from the intermediate transmission network transmission module, and decapsulate the packaged data. Multicast data is sent to the peripheral client network processing module;
所述外围客户网处理模块进一步用于:通过所述外围客户网传输模块对收 到的所述解封装后的组播数据进行进一步转发。 The peripheral client network processing module is further configured to further forward the received decapsulated multicast data by using the peripheral client network transmission module.
15、 根据权利要求 14所述的装置, 其特征在于, 外围客户网处理模块还
用于: 15. The apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the peripheral client network processing module further Used for:
判断收到的所述解封装后的组播数据是否为冗余数据,如果是, 则丢弃该 组播数据。
Determining whether the received decapsulated multicast data is redundant data, and if so, discarding the multicast data.
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