WO2009037716A2 - Antenne microruban plane à large bande et gain élevé pour une application spatiale embarquée - Google Patents

Antenne microruban plane à large bande et gain élevé pour une application spatiale embarquée Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009037716A2
WO2009037716A2 PCT/IN2008/000205 IN2008000205W WO2009037716A2 WO 2009037716 A2 WO2009037716 A2 WO 2009037716A2 IN 2008000205 W IN2008000205 W IN 2008000205W WO 2009037716 A2 WO2009037716 A2 WO 2009037716A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
microstrip antenna
radiating elements
patch
tile
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IN2008/000205
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English (en)
Other versions
WO2009037716A3 (fr
Inventor
S. B. Sharma
V. K. Singh
B. K. Pandey
S. Kulshrestha
S. B. Chakrabarty
Rajeev Jyoti
Sammir Sakhare
Original Assignee
Indian Space Research Organisation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Indian Space Research Organisation filed Critical Indian Space Research Organisation
Publication of WO2009037716A2 publication Critical patent/WO2009037716A2/fr
Publication of WO2009037716A3 publication Critical patent/WO2009037716A3/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0414—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna in a stacked or folded configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
    • H01Q21/0075—Stripline fed arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/378—Combination of fed elements with parasitic elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0428—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna radiating a circular polarised wave

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a large size printed planar array microstrip antenna at C-band for space borne applications, particularly for high resolution multimode SAR (Synthetic Aperture
  • Radar Radar
  • the invention has particular use in the
  • RADARSAT SAR antenna developed by the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) to meet the requirements of Canada's advanced 5.3 GHz space based synthetic aperture radar having the dimension of 15 m by 1.5 m. It was developed in four panels using slotted waveguide planar array antenna. It has a narrow bandwidth of 32 MHz. It is difficult to achieve bandwidth of 225 MHz as desired for RISAT antenna. Hence this configuration can not be used for RISAT antenna. Moreover the gain specification is also less although the antenna area utilized is more than the area allotted for RISAT antenna.
  • SAR antenna for ENVISAT Under ESA program another planar array antenna was developed for ENVISAT. It carries an advanced SAR with an active phased array antenna as instrument sensor (ASAR). It has the capability to operate in different modes like that of RISAT SAR antenna and is much more flexible than the ERS SAR.
  • the dimension of SAR antenna for ENVISAT is 10 m by 1.3 m and consists of 5 structural panels. Each panel has four electrical panels (tiles), each tile being provided with 384 radiating elements arranged in 16 rows of 24 radiating elements each. In total 320 T/R modules are connected to the 320 rows of dual polarized printed microstrip annular slot elements, using two feed networks, one for each polarization.
  • the printed annular slot array antenna was designed with lesser bandwidth (100 MHz) than required for RISAT antenna. In this antenna annular slot radiators were fed from feed lines on another layer. This antenna besides being too long for installation in SAR for RISAT has the limitation of relatively narrow bandwidth of 100 MHz.
  • a new configuration is chosen to develop the SAR antenna for RISAT which has not been reported earlier for space-borne advanced SAR application.
  • This antenna is developed to meet stringent specifications of bandwidth, gain, cross- polarization and beamwidth.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a planar microstrip antenna for space borne applications having thin profile, low weight and having reduced length of 6m and surface area of 12 sq. m., suitable for operating in the C band of microwaves.
  • the other object is to provide a planar microstrip antenna for space borne applications at C band with dual linear polarization, having wide bandwidth and high gain.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a planar microstrip antenna for space borne applications at C band wherein cross-polar suppression technique used in patch feeding to get highly suppressed cross- polar radiation.
  • the invention provide high gain wide band planar microstrip antenna at C band for space borne applications comprising of planar array of tiles, wherein each tile is a multilayer printed antenna comprising an upper microstrip radiating patch , a lower microstrip radiating patch, a thick dielectric foam of low permittivity separating the upper patch and the lower patch, radome formed by the substrate of the inverted upper patch, substrate for lower patch ,a composite base plate, two buried feedlines to feed the stacked microstrip patches for dual linear polarization operation wherein the said tile is characterized by:
  • a resonant patch antenna radiates at frequency where length of patch is half wavelength i.e. ⁇ /2.
  • the narrow bandwidth of patch is attributed to the high Q factor which can be reduced for increasing the bandwidth by increasing the volume of patch or reducing the permittivity of the substrate material.
  • several approaches have been proposed such as stacked patches, thick substrate with low dielectric constant and parasitic patch close to radiation patch.
  • a new configuration is chosen to develop the SAR antenna for RISAT, which has not been reported earlier for space-borne advanced SAR application.
  • This antenna is developed to meet stringent specifications of bandwidth, gain, cross-polarization and Beamwidth.
  • the RISAT SAR antenna is 6 m long and 2 m wide having a surface area of 12 sq.m. and is made up of three deployable panels of size 2 m by 2 m.
  • the panel of 2 m by 2 m further comprises 4 tiles of size 1 m by 1 m.
  • Each tile of 1 meter by 1 meter consists of 24 rows of 20 radiating elements each.
  • Each tile further comprises three subtiles each of size Im x 0.33 m.
  • the numbers of radiating elements in each row of tile have been chosen 20 as compared to 24 in ENVISAT.
  • the top and the bottom patches each constitute a resonant circuit at the frequency of 5.35 GHz in the C-band of microwaves, because the length of each patch is made equal to the wavelength corresponding to this frequency.
  • the radiating element is an electro-magnetically coupled stacked patch antenna in which square stacked microstrip patches are fed with two buried feed line to cater dual linear polarization operation.
  • Multilayer, stacked electromagnetically coupled printed antenna is selected, which overcomes the bandwidth limitation of the conventional microstrip antenna.
  • Aperture coupled antenna although offers the advantage of optimizing feeder network and patch independently, but the impedance matching is poor due to improper grounding when coaxial feeding below the ground is required for the array.
  • the dual polarization is achieved by choosing top and bottom patches as square shaped with orthogonal feeding.
  • the lower and upper patches are separated by a thick layer of foam of low permittivity (dielectric constant equivalent to air) to enhance the radiation efficiency and bandwidth performance.
  • Upper patch is inverted and its substrate acts as radome.
  • the antenna is designed for wideband operation to meet stringent requirements of 44.5 dBi gain, minimum 23 dB cross-polarization over 225 MHz bandwidth.
  • New type of feed network is designed in which wideband performance of a corporate feed network is realized by using hybrid network in which central 8 elements are fed in corporate network and out of remaining 12 outer elements, 8 are fed in corporate and other four with series feeding network.
  • This feeder network is optimized within the constrained space available within the two linear array in vertical configuration.
  • Feed network design is innovative not only in terms of layout but also the feed line circuit's orientation while feeding the patches.
  • the network is designed to achieve highly suppressed cross-polar radiation performance in the array environment.
  • the antenna is realized in multilayer microstrip antenna configuration using thin profile materials and new fabrication processes to meet stringent electrical specifications for space-borne application.
  • the amplitude and phase of the network are nearly uniform over 10 % bandwidth.
  • the cross polarization of single element is improved by using a cross- polarization compensation technique.
  • Very thin profile substrate is used for making the feed network.
  • the substrate used for feed network is R T Duroid 6002 of 15 mm thickness and having the dielectric constant ( ⁇ ) of 2.92.
  • Each tile is provided with 480 radiating elements arranged in 24 rows each containing 20 radiating elements and is fed by the invented feed network.
  • the mode transducer is being optimized in multilayer configuration.
  • Figure 1 shows the configuration of the microstrip stacked radiating element used for realizing an antenna tile with sub-element layers separated from one another;
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of an antenna tile with different layers thereof put together face by face;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of the arrangement of 480 radiating elements with feeding points and feeding lines for dual-polarization of 24 linear arrays each containing 20 radiating elements in a tile of Im x Im size;
  • Figure 4 is a photograph of the antenna tile of size Im x Im;
  • Figure 5 is a photograph of an antenna sub-tile of size Im x 0.33m showing (a) front view with one radiating aperture and (b) back view with 16 connectors for feeding 8 dual linear arrays of radiating elements.
  • Stacked Electromagnetically coupled patch(EMCP) antenna for RISAT SAR comprises an upper patch (1), a lower patch (2), a thick dielectric foam (3) of low permittivity separating the upper patch(l) and the lower patch(2), a radome (4) for housing the RADAR equipment, formed by the substrate of the inverted upper patch(l), substrate (5)for the lower patch, feed lines (6) to excite the patches ( 1 & 2), substrate for the feed lines(7), ground plane (8) , adhesive layers (9) and a composite base plate (10).
  • the upper patch (1) and the lower patch (2) are square in shape with orthogonal feeding in order to achieve dual polarization and formed by printing.
  • the front to back ratio of EMC patch antenna is better than the aperture coupled microstrip antenna because this configuration does not utilize any slot on ground plane to couple power from feed lines(7) to patches(l& 2).
  • Each multilayer tile having the dimension of 1 m X 1 m is further made up of three subtiles tiles (11) of size Im X 0.3 m, namely the first subtile (12), the second subtile (13) and the third subtile (14).
  • Each tile is provided with SMA connectors (15) for external connection.
  • each square tile (1 m x 1 m) consists of 24 rows of 20 radiating elements (16) each fed by the invented feed network (17) at the mid positions (18) thereof.
  • the feed network (17) is of hybrid type in which central 8 elements are fed in corporate network and out of remaining 12 outer elements, 8 are fed in corporate and other four with series feeding network.
  • This feeder network (17) is optimized within the constrained space available within the two linear arrays in vertical configuration.
  • Very thin profile substrate (7) is used for making the feed network.
  • the substrate (7) for feed network is R T Duroid 6002 of 15 mm thickness and dielectric constant ( ⁇ ) of 2.92.
  • each sub-tile Fig. 5 (a)
  • a linear radiating aperture (19) a linear radiating aperture (19)
  • the backside of each sub-tile Fig. 5 (b)
  • sixteen connectors (20) for feeding eight dual linear arrays of radiating elements in a sub-tile.
  • the antenna of the present invention is adapted to be installed in a Radar Imaging Satellite (RISAT) fitted with a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) for observing objects on the Earth's surface and to operate at frequency 5.35 GHz with bandwidth 225 MHz, gain 44.5 dBi, beamwidth 0.5° (AZ) x 1.5° (EL), cross polarization -23 dB and return loss-15dB.
  • RISAT Radar Imaging Satellite
  • SAR Synthetic Aperture Radar
  • the invented antenna has been assembled within close tolerance limits of the dimensions and thickness is individual layers thereof using specially selected materials for the substrates and adhesives, and following improved techniques of vacuum bagging and curing.
  • the invented antenna is of size 6m x 2m and comprises three structural panels of size 2m x 2m each, twelve antenna tiles of size Im x Im each and thirty six antenna sub-tiles of size Im x 0.33 m each,
  • the invented full (6m x2m ) antenna is operable at 5.35 GHz frequency with bandwidth 225 MHz, cross polarization-23 dB and return loss -15 db.
  • the gain and beamwidth specifications of full antenna using 12 tiles of Im x Im are 44.5 dBi and 0.5° (AZ) X 1.5° (EL) respectively.
  • the invented antenna has a number of advantageous features over the prior art antennas, such as, (i) Decreased length, surface area, volume and weight; (ii), Increased gain and band width; (iii) Reduced cross polarization; and (iv) dual-polarization operation.
  • the invented multilayer printed antenna of size Im x 1 m at C-band can be successfully utilized as an active phased array antenna for multimode synthetic aperture radar antenna for space-borne and air- borne remote sensing applications and will enable monitoring in a wide filed of applications such as; vegetation, agriculture, forestry, soil moisture, geology, sea ice, coastal processes, and man-made object identification. In addition it can also be used for disaster monitoring services.

Abstract

L'invention concerne une antenne microruban plane à large bande et gain élevé au niveau du ruban C avec une double polarisation pour des applications spatiales embarquées comprenant un ensemble plan de carreaux, chaque carreau étant une antenne imprimée multicouche comprenant une pièce supérieure (1), une pièce inférieure (2), une mousse diélectrique épaisse (3), un radôme (4), un substrat (5) pour la pièce inférieure, un plan de sol (8), des couches adhésives (9), une plaque de base composite (10), deux lignes d'alimentation enterrées (7), ledit carreau étant caractérisé en ce qu'il est constitué de 480 éléments rayonnants couplés électromagnétiquement disposés en 24 antennes réseau rectilignes de 20 éléments rayonnants (16) et d'un réseau d'alimentation constitué (17) du type hybride pour alimenter les éléments rayonnants (16). L'antenne est conçue pour être installée dans un satellite d'imagerie radar (RISAT) pourvu d'un radar à ouverture synthétique (SAR) et pour fonctionner à une fréquence de 5,35 GHz avec une largeur de bande de 225 MHz, un gain de 44,5 dBi, une ouverture des faisceaux de 0.5° (AZ) x 1.5° (EL), une polarisation transversale de -23 dB et un affaiblissement de réflexion de -15 dB.
PCT/IN2008/000205 2007-09-21 2008-03-28 Antenne microruban plane à large bande et gain élevé pour une application spatiale embarquée WO2009037716A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IN2139/CHE/2007 2007-09-21
IN2139CH2007 2007-09-21

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WO2009037716A2 true WO2009037716A2 (fr) 2009-03-26
WO2009037716A3 WO2009037716A3 (fr) 2011-04-14

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104428950A (zh) * 2012-07-03 2015-03-18 利萨·德雷克塞迈尔有限责任公司 包括馈送网络的用于GHz频率范围中的宽带卫星通信的天线系统
CN105958199A (zh) * 2016-06-21 2016-09-21 成都知纬科技有限公司 微带天线及微带天线阵列
CN107946756A (zh) * 2017-11-14 2018-04-20 西安交通大学 一种电磁超表面加载的窄波束wlan ap天线
CN108717996A (zh) * 2018-05-25 2018-10-30 湖南赛博诺格电子科技有限公司 一种用于手持式穿墙雷达的宽带圆极化天线
CN109193152A (zh) * 2018-10-26 2019-01-11 安徽耀峰雷达科技有限公司 有限带宽内基于混合馈电结构的低损耗频率扫描天线平面阵列
CN112332081A (zh) * 2020-10-30 2021-02-05 电子科技大学 基于微带结构的宽波瓣互补源天线
CN113013603A (zh) * 2019-12-20 2021-06-22 南京理工大学 4×4宽带微带差分天线阵
CN113594705A (zh) * 2021-07-09 2021-11-02 华南理工大学 一种低剖面共口径双极化全向天线
US11322833B2 (en) 2019-06-03 2022-05-03 Space Exploration Technologies Corp. Antenna apparatus having fastener system

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EP0507307A2 (fr) * 1991-04-05 1992-10-07 Ball Corporation Antenne satellite à large bande à polarisation circulaire
EP0825671A2 (fr) * 1996-08-23 1998-02-25 Lockheed Martin Vought Systems Antenne réseau plane à double bande de fréquence
US20050054317A1 (en) * 2003-09-09 2005-03-10 Haeng-Sook Ro Microstrip patch antenna having high gain and wideband

Patent Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5001492A (en) * 1988-10-11 1991-03-19 Hughes Aircraft Company Plural layer co-planar waveguide coupling system for feeding a patch radiator array
EP0507307A2 (fr) * 1991-04-05 1992-10-07 Ball Corporation Antenne satellite à large bande à polarisation circulaire
EP0825671A2 (fr) * 1996-08-23 1998-02-25 Lockheed Martin Vought Systems Antenne réseau plane à double bande de fréquence
US20050054317A1 (en) * 2003-09-09 2005-03-10 Haeng-Sook Ro Microstrip patch antenna having high gain and wideband

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104428950A (zh) * 2012-07-03 2015-03-18 利萨·德雷克塞迈尔有限责任公司 包括馈送网络的用于GHz频率范围中的宽带卫星通信的天线系统
CN104428950B (zh) * 2012-07-03 2017-04-12 利萨·德雷克塞迈尔有限责任公司 包括馈送网络的用于GHz频率范围中的宽带卫星通信的天线系统
US9660352B2 (en) 2012-07-03 2017-05-23 Lisa Draexlmaier Gmbh Antenna system for broadband satellite communication in the GHz frequency range, comprising horn antennas with geometrical constrictions
US9716321B2 (en) 2012-07-03 2017-07-25 Lisa Draexlmaier Gmbh Antenna system for broadband satellite communication in the GHz frequency range, comprising a feeding arrangement
US10211543B2 (en) 2012-07-03 2019-02-19 Lisa Draexlmaier Gmbh Antenna system for broadband satellite communication in the GHz frequency range, comprising dielectrically filled horn antennas
CN105958199A (zh) * 2016-06-21 2016-09-21 成都知纬科技有限公司 微带天线及微带天线阵列
CN107946756A (zh) * 2017-11-14 2018-04-20 西安交通大学 一种电磁超表面加载的窄波束wlan ap天线
CN107946756B (zh) * 2017-11-14 2023-08-29 西安交通大学 一种电磁超表面加载的窄波束wlan ap天线
CN108717996A (zh) * 2018-05-25 2018-10-30 湖南赛博诺格电子科技有限公司 一种用于手持式穿墙雷达的宽带圆极化天线
CN108717996B (zh) * 2018-05-25 2019-07-23 湖南赛博诺格电子科技有限公司 一种用于手持式穿墙雷达的宽带圆极化天线
CN109193152A (zh) * 2018-10-26 2019-01-11 安徽耀峰雷达科技有限公司 有限带宽内基于混合馈电结构的低损耗频率扫描天线平面阵列
CN109193152B (zh) * 2018-10-26 2023-12-15 安徽耀峰雷达科技有限公司 有限带宽内基于混合馈电结构的低损耗频率扫描天线平面阵列
US11509048B2 (en) 2019-06-03 2022-11-22 Space Exploration Technologies Corp. Antenna apparatus having antenna spacer
US11322833B2 (en) 2019-06-03 2022-05-03 Space Exploration Technologies Corp. Antenna apparatus having fastener system
US11600915B2 (en) 2019-06-03 2023-03-07 Space Exploration Technologies Corp. Antenna apparatus having heat dissipation features
US11652286B2 (en) 2019-06-03 2023-05-16 Space Exploration Technology Corp. Antenna apparatus having adhesive coupling
US11843168B2 (en) 2019-06-03 2023-12-12 Space Exploration Technologies Corp. Antenna apparatus having antenna spacer
CN113013603B (zh) * 2019-12-20 2023-05-05 南京理工大学 4×4宽带微带差分天线阵
CN113013603A (zh) * 2019-12-20 2021-06-22 南京理工大学 4×4宽带微带差分天线阵
CN112332081A (zh) * 2020-10-30 2021-02-05 电子科技大学 基于微带结构的宽波瓣互补源天线
CN113594705B (zh) * 2021-07-09 2022-03-22 华南理工大学 一种低剖面共口径双极化全向天线
CN113594705A (zh) * 2021-07-09 2021-11-02 华南理工大学 一种低剖面共口径双极化全向天线

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