WO2009027963A2 - Système de rattrapage pour interrupteur électrique télécommandé - Google Patents

Système de rattrapage pour interrupteur électrique télécommandé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009027963A2
WO2009027963A2 PCT/IL2008/000571 IL2008000571W WO2009027963A2 WO 2009027963 A2 WO2009027963 A2 WO 2009027963A2 IL 2008000571 W IL2008000571 W IL 2008000571W WO 2009027963 A2 WO2009027963 A2 WO 2009027963A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
retrofit
power
circuit
switch
switch element
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IL2008/000571
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English (en)
Other versions
WO2009027963A3 (fr
Inventor
Amichai Ziv
Original Assignee
Orziv-Design & Development
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Orziv-Design & Development filed Critical Orziv-Design & Development
Publication of WO2009027963A2 publication Critical patent/WO2009027963A2/fr
Publication of WO2009027963A3 publication Critical patent/WO2009027963A3/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B39/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for operating incandescent light sources
    • H05B39/04—Controlling
    • H05B39/08—Controlling by shifting phase of trigger voltage applied to gas-filled controlling tubes also in controlled semiconductor devices
    • H05B39/083—Controlling by shifting phase of trigger voltage applied to gas-filled controlling tubes also in controlled semiconductor devices by the variation-rate of light intensity
    • H05B39/085—Controlling by shifting phase of trigger voltage applied to gas-filled controlling tubes also in controlled semiconductor devices by the variation-rate of light intensity by touch control
    • H05B39/086—Controlling by shifting phase of trigger voltage applied to gas-filled controlling tubes also in controlled semiconductor devices by the variation-rate of light intensity by touch control with possibility of remote control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
    • H05B47/175—Controlling the light source by remote control

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to retrofitting wall mounted electrical switches with switches that require electrical current to function and more specifically to a retrofit that does not require additional wiring.
  • An aspect of an embodiment of the invention relates to a retrofit for a wall mounted electric switch that requires electrical power to function and controls the status of a load.
  • the retrofit is connected to the existing two wires of the existing switch, instead of or in addition to the existing switch and it controls the status of the load without significantly affecting the load regardless of the state of the load (e.g. on or off).
  • the retrofit is controlled through the use of a keypad or a wireless remote controller.
  • the retrofit is pre-programmed to perform functions automatically, for example turning lights on and off at selected times.
  • the retrofit performs other functions that require power, for example turning on and off the load responsive to the lighting in the room or responsive to identifying the fingerprint of a specific person.
  • the power for the functionality of the retrofit is provided by drawing power from the main power source that powers the load.
  • the retrofit draws power from the main power source differently when the switch is turned off than when the switch is turned on.
  • the retrofit includes a rechargeable battery that is charged from the main power source to provide power for controlling the retrofit when the retrofit cannot draw power from the main power source.
  • the battery is charged only when the switch is turned off and the load is not powered. Alternatively, the battery is charged only when the switch is turned on or in all states.
  • a single retrofit functions with all types of loads.
  • different retrofits are used for different types of loads, for example a retrofit with one type of battery charging circuit for high impedance loads and a second type of battery charging circuit for low impedance loads.
  • a single retrofit can be programmed to function with different types of loads.
  • the retrofit can automatically detect the type of load connected and function accordingly.
  • the retrofit allows certain actions only with specific types of loads, for example to dim the light only for pure impedance loads.
  • the wireless remote control uses RF signals or infrared signals to communicate with the retrofit.
  • the wireless remote uses audio signals or other types of wireless signals, for example visible light waves (e.g. a LED pointer).
  • a wall mounted power switch retrofit comprising: a circuit that connects to the existing two wires of the retrofitted wall mounted power switch in series to the load that was controlled by the retrofitted wall mounted power switch; a switch element in the circuit that shorts out the circuit when the switch element is on and enables the circuit in series to the load when the switch element is off; a control unit in the circuit that is user controllable and controls the status of the switch element; wherein the circuit draws power from the existing wires, stores it in the circuit and provides it to the control unit; and wherein the circuit provides electrical power to the circuit regardless of the status of the switch element.
  • the circuit draws power from different parts of the alternating current power cycle depending if the retrofit is in the "on” state or the “off state.
  • the circuit draws power from the power cycle at voltages that are greater than a selected voltage of the alternating power signal when the retrofit is in the "off” state.
  • the circuit draws power from the power cycle following the zero cross of the power cycle when the retrofit is in the "on” state.
  • the switch element is off when the retrofit is in the "off” state.
  • the switch element is off during at least some of the power cycle when the retrofit is in the "on" state.
  • the retrofit further comprises a rechargeable battery to provide power for the functionality of the control unit; and a battery charger to charge the battery.
  • the battery is charged when the retrofit is in the "off state; and wherein the battery provides power for the functionality of the control unit when the retrofit switch is in the "on” state.
  • the control unit turns off the switch element periodically to allow the battery to recharge.
  • the control turns off the switch element at specific times to allow the battery to recharge.
  • the battery is charged regardless of the state of the retrofit.
  • the retrofit draws a low current electrical signal from the power lines and provides the circuit with a high current electrical signal with a lower voltage.
  • the retrofit includes a remote control to wirelessly transfer commands to the control unit of the retrofit.
  • the retrofit includes a motion sensor to receive commands by the control unit of the retrofit.
  • the retrofit includes a light sensor to receive commands by the control unit of the retrofit.
  • the control unit is programmable.
  • the control unit comprises selector switches to select options.
  • the retrofit is adapted to replace a wall switch that is used to control a non-incandescent load.
  • properties of the load are identified by the retrofit from the electrical signal on the power line.
  • the control unit manipulates the electrical signal on the load by changing the state of the switch element.
  • the circuit stores power for powering the control unit.
  • the retrofit includes a capacitor to store power for powering said control.
  • the control unit turns on the power to the load for a short period of time and shares the power with the circuit to replenish the power stored in the circuit.
  • the retrofit is provided as a kit with a retrofit for the housing of the load.
  • the retrofit is charged only in the "on" state, only in the "off state or in both states.
  • a method of providing electrical power to a wall mounted power switch retrofit including: connecting a switch element between the existing wires of the wall mounted switch being retrofitted; connecting a bypass circuit in parallel to the switch element; wherein the bypass circuit is adapted to control the status of the switch element; drawing electrical power from the existing wires to the bypass circuit when the switch element is turned off; storing power in the bypass circuit for use when the switch element is turned on; replenishing the stored power in the bypass circuit when it goes below a threshold value by sharing power with the load.
  • the bypass circuit stores power using a rechargeable battery.
  • the bypass circuit stores power using a capacitor.
  • the replenishing is performed by turning off the switch element for a pre-selected amount of time to replenish the power in the bypass circuit, or by turning off the switch element until the capacitor is charged to its nominal energy.
  • a method of providing electrical power to a wall mounted power switch retrofit including: connecting a switch element between the existing wires of the wall mounted switch being retrofitted; connecting a bypass circuit in parallel to the switch element; wherein the bypass circuit is adapted to control the status of the switch element; drawing electrical power from the power cycles of the power signal over the existing wires at voltages that are greater than a selected voltage of the alternating power signal when the retrofit is in the "off state; drawing electrical power from the power cycles of the power signal over the existing wires, following the zero cross of the power cycle or near the zero cross of the power cycle (e.g.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a perspective view of a room with a retrofitted wall mounted switch, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a circuit for implementing a retrofit switch, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 3 is a state diagram illustrating various states of functionality of a retrofit, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic illustration of a circuit for implementing a retrofit switch, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic illustration of an alternative circuit for implementing a retrofit switch, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic illustration of an additional alternative circuit for implementing a retrofit switch, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic illustration of an alternative embodiment of the previous circuit, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic illustration of a perspective view of a room 100 with a retrofitted wall mounted switch 110, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • retrofit switch 110 is designed to replace a standard wall mounted switch that controls a load or to be attached to the wall and connected in parallel or in series to the standard wall mounted switch so that it can control the load in addition to the existing switch.
  • retrofit switch 110 is installed using the existing infrastructure of the previous switch, but it enhances the old switch by supporting functions, which require electrical power for the function to be provided, for example a wall mounted switch retrofit that senses motion and turns on the light for a specific time, or a wall mounted switch that receives commands wirelessly.
  • the retrofit is connected in series to the load, wherein one wire 140 extends from a main power source 130 and a second wire 150 extends to a load 120 (e.g. a incandescent light bulb).
  • a load 120 e.g. a incandescent light bulb
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a circuit 200 for implementing retrofit switch 110, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • circuit 200 of retrofit switch 110 includes two connection points (203, 204) to connect to wire 140 and wire 150.
  • circuit 200 includes a switch 210 that controls the power circuit, and turns on or turns off load 120.
  • circuit 200 additionally includes a battery charger 230 and a rechargeable battery 240.
  • battery charger 230 is implemented by a step down switched regulator with a high efficiency (e.g.
  • battery charger 230 draws a small amount of current from the main power line (e.g. less than ImA) so that load 120 does not show any signs that current is being drawn from lines 140 and 150.
  • battery charger 230 exploits the fact that it is provided with a high voltage (e.g. approximately 110V or 220V) and a low current (e.g. l-2mA) to generate a high current and low voltage (e.g. 3-5V, 10-4OmA) for quickly charging battery 240.
  • battery 240 is fully charged within an hour or less so that the load can be used most of the time.
  • circuit 200 includes a control 250 that receives instruction from a remote control 260 or from other devices, for example a keypad, a light sensor, a motion detector, a fingerprint sensor or a touch screen.
  • control 250 controls switch 210 responsive to the instructions provided to perform various actions such as to turn off switch 210, to turn on switch 210 or alternately turn on and off switch 210 so that load 120 (e.g. a light) will flash or be dimmed to various degrees.
  • load 120 e.g. a light
  • remote control 260 uses RF communications, Infra- Red communications, visible light, audio signals or other methods.
  • switch 210 when switch 210 is in the on state; load 120 receives power from main power source 130 and is turned on.
  • bypass line 220 ceases to receive current since it is parallel to a short and the battery ceases to be charged.
  • control 250 also stops receiving power from main power source 130 and instead is provided power from battery 240, so that it can receive signals directing it to turn on or turn off switch 210 or take other actions.
  • Fig. 3 is a state diagram 300 illustrating the various states of functionality of retrofit switch 110, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • circuit 200 determines (310) the status of switch 210. If switch 210 is turned on then battery charger 230 is off (320). Optionally, battery 240 provides (330) the power for control 250, so that it can receive automated instructions or wireless communications to turn on or turn off switch 210. If the power in battery 240 gets low (340), for example below a threshold value, for example an amount of power that is sufficient for less than 10 minutes. Then control 250 turns off (350) switch 210, causing load 120 to be turned off and battery charger 230 goes on (360).
  • switch 240 can provide power for control 250 for at least two days or even a week , so that under normal use load 120 won't be turned off when needed by the user, for example a user may use remote control 260 to control a light while in bed and turn it off when going to sleep.
  • control 250 includes a programmable microprocessor to allow implementation of complex rules.
  • control 250 may be set to turn off switch 210 after a specific amount of time or at a specific hour to charge battery 240, for example control 250 may turn on load 120 (e.g. a light or fan) between specific hours and turn off load 120 at other hours according to the requirements of the user, and to charge battery 240.
  • load 120 e.g. a light or fan
  • control 250 is programmed using remote control 260.
  • circuit 200 may have selection switches 270 or a display 280 (e.g. LEDs or an LCD display) to select options for control 250 and provide indication to the user.
  • display 280 may give indication regarding the charge level in the battery or the time at which load 120 will be activated or deactivated.
  • switch 210 is a mechanical relay.
  • switch 210 is an electronic switch, for example a Triac, a FET, an IGBT or other type of electrical switch that can be turned on and off electronically.
  • control 250 can turn off and turn on switch 210 at a high rate (e.g. 50Hz, or 60Hz) to block parts of the sine wave of the electric current to produce a dimming effect, for example by transferring only part of the sine wave (blocking a percentage of the signal).
  • a high rate e.g. 50Hz, or 60Hz
  • control 250 when load 120 is activated, control 250 identifies if the load is a simple ohm impedance load or a reactive load (e.g. by detecting COS PHI). Optionally, control 250 prevents actions, which are not appropriate for the type of load, for example performing dimming on a florescent light.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic illustration of a detailed circuit 400 for implementing a retrofit switch 110, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • circuit 400 is connected in serial to load 120 and main power source 130 at connection points 203, 204.
  • circuit 400 includes 4 main segments, namely: 410, 420, 430 and 440.
  • segment 410 serves as a voltage source for segment 420.
  • Segment 410 has a high voltage (e.g. HOV, 220V) on its inputs and it consumes a low current (e.g. 0.1mA or less) from the positive cycle of main power source 130.
  • segment 420 the output from segment 410 is provided to segment 420 that serves as a step down controlled power supply.
  • Segment 420 has a high voltage (e.g. HOV 5 220V) on its inputs that was regulated by segment 410.
  • Segment 420 extracts a low current (e.g. 0.1mA or less) from main power source 130 for it's base voltage via segment 410, and converts the power from main power source 130 from a high voltage and low current to a low voltage (e.g. about 5V) and high current source (e.g. 40mA) over its output.
  • segment 420 includes a FET switch that is held in saturated mode as long as the current is below 5OmA.
  • segment 440 serves to control switch 210 and detect load 120.
  • segment 440 includes control 250 to control switch 210.
  • control 250 includes a microprocessor, a communication interface (e.g. an RF receiver) and algorithmic software to determine the actions to be taken in dealing with switch 210, for example if to turn on or turn off switch 210.
  • switch 210 is implemented by a Triac or Relay so that it can be turned on or turned off rapidly responsive to a signal from control 250.
  • control 250 may turn on and turn off switch 210 rapidly (e.g. 50-120 times a second), to block parts of the power signal and form a dimming effect.
  • segment 440 implements a zero cross detector for the sine wave of the electrical power.
  • switch 210 when switch 210 is turned off segment 440 samples the voltage over the Triac. The measured voltage allows segment 440 to determine the phase difference (COS PHI) between the voltage and the current when the Triac is turned off (switch 210 is turned off).
  • the phase difference gives indication if load 120 is a simple ohm impedance load (e.g. a light bulb) or is a reactive device (e.g. with capacitors and/or inductors).
  • control 250 can take actions that match the type of load 120.
  • retrofit switch 110 draws power from main power source 130 also when switch 210 is turned on and load 120 is functional.
  • circuit 200 is connected in parallel to switch 210 as described above and additionally in series with load 120 to draw a small current from main power source 130 (e.g. ImA) that does not significantly affect the load.
  • circuit 200 may be implemented with or without a battery. In some embodiments of the invention circuit 200 does not require a battery since it draws power from main power source 130, when switch 210 is turned off and when it is turned on. Alternatively, circuit 200 is implemented with a battery to make it more robust and not influenced by the characteristics of load 120.
  • the characteristics of load 120 are detected automatically by circuit 200 so that circuit 200 can adjust itself accordingly, for example to adjust the resistance of the part of circuit 200 that is connected in series with load 120.
  • the characteristics of load 120 are preprogrammed to retrofit 200 or selected by inputs of circuit 200, for example selector switches 270.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic illustration of an alternative detailed circuit 500 for implementing a retrofit switch, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • Circuit 500 is designed to power control 250 regardless of the status of switch 210 without the use of a battery.
  • circuit 500 maintains a capacitor (Cl) in a constantly loaded state to provide electrical current to power retrofit switch 110.
  • circuit 500 is designed to extract a small amount of current from each cycle or from a specific number of cycles of the electrical power sine wave, when needed to keep capacitor Cl loaded.
  • circuit 500 when the positive part of the electrical current sine wave starts and/or ends, if the charge on capacitor Cl is below a desired value, circuit 500 enables capacitor Cl to draw a negligible amount of power from the main power source in series to load 120.
  • charging capacitor Cl is performed while the voltage on diode Dl is positive (or negative) and below a specific voltage (e.g. 5 V, 10V), which occurs for less than a tenth of the positive part of each cycle.
  • the positive part of the cycle takes about 10ms, so that charging capacitor Cl is performed during less than lms, for example 0.01 ms.
  • load 120 when load 120 is on the power used to charge capacitor Cl is negligible so it is unnoticeable, when load 120 is off circuit 500 closes a circuit with it for a negligible amount of time, so that it is not noticeable either.
  • circuit 500 comprises two main segments (510, 520). Segment 510 serves as a power supply for control 250. Segment 510 is connected to main power source 130 and keeps capacitor Cl charged at all times.
  • the power drawn from main power supply 130 is low (e.g. below 30OmW), so that the power consumption of retrofit switch 110 is negligible relative to the consumption of load 120, which may typically be between 25 W to 1200W.
  • capacitor Cl provides power to segment 520, which is similar to segment 440 from Fig. 4.
  • Segment 520 includes control 250 that controls switch 210.
  • segment 510 includes a switch regulator controller 530 and a FET 540 to regulate the charge on capacitor Cl in series to load 120 whether the load is in the on state or off state.
  • a Triac serves as switch 210.
  • the Triac is automatically turned off and needs to be retriggered if it should be on to allow current to power load 120.
  • control 250 when switch 210 is set to be off, control 250 notifies switch regulator controller 530 on a trigger request line (line 5 of switch regulator controller 530) that switch 210 is off and switch regulator controller 530 should not retrigger the Triac. If switch 210 is set on, control 250 notifies switch regulator controller 530 that it may retrigger the Triac.
  • switch regulator controller 530 when switch 210 is on, at the beginning of every negative cycle of the electrical current sine wave, switch regulator controller 530 sends a signal on a trigger out line (line 4 of switch regulator controller 530) to retrigger the Triac. At the beginning and during the positive cycle of the electrical current sine wave the conditions described below will determine the status of the Triac.
  • the voltage over the switch terminals (connection points 203, 204) is less than 5V.
  • the voltage over capacitor Cl is less than 3 V.
  • the current through the current sense ports (lines 1, 7 of switch regulator controller 530) is less than a predetermined value, to prevent circuit 500 from being burnt out.
  • switch regulator controller 530 will instruct FET 540 to block the charging process, to prevent the supply of excessive charge to segment 520.
  • switch regulator controller 530 retriggers the Triac as soon as FET 540 is turned off.
  • switch 210 is set to be on circuit 500 may share a small amount of power with load 120 (when FET 540 is on), from the beginning of the positive part of the sine wave until the voltage exceeds 5 V (from the 110 or 220 provided), or until Cl is fully charged.
  • a dimming affect is achieved by having control 250 delay the retriggering of the Triac or by actually turning off the Triac for a specific percentage of each cycle or a specific percentage of cycles per second.
  • a similar method is used to keep a battery charged instead of a capacitor whether switch 210 is turned on or turned off.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic illustration of an additional alternative circuit 600 for implementing a retrofit switch, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • the embodiment shown in Fig. 6 provides yet another solution to the problem of replacing a wall switch to provide enhanced functionality that requires electrical power, without requiring changes to the wiring of the building.
  • This embodiment is also adapted to identify and handle multiple types of loads, for example loads with simple impedance (e.g. an incandescent lamp) or with complex impedance (e.g. a fluorescent lamp, a compact electronic fluorescent lamp (EL, PL), a LED lamp, a fan or other devices).
  • simple impedance e.g. an incandescent lamp
  • complex impedance e.g. a fluorescent lamp, a compact electronic fluorescent lamp (EL, PL), a LED lamp, a fan or other devices.
  • retrofit switch 110 represented by circuit 600 is designed to serve substantially as a disconnected circuit when retrofit switch 110 is in the off state and to serve substantially as a short when retrofit switch 110 is in the on state.
  • circuit 600 uses a voltage regulator with high efficiency to keep a capacitor charged at all times while maintaining the above condition.
  • the voltage regulator charges the capacitor when the voltage on the inputs of circuit 600 is high, for example at voltages that are greater than a selected voltage (e.g. above 230V or 250V for
  • the current consumed for the function of retrofit switch 110 is related to the current drawn from the main power source 130 by the following equation:
  • Isw the leakage current consumed by retrofit switch 110.
  • Vsw the voltage on the inputs of retrofit switch 110.
  • K the efficiency of circuit 600 in converting the power leakage into consumed power.
  • Ic the current consumption by circuit 600.
  • Vc the voltage used by circuit 600 to perform.
  • circuit 600 uses 3 V (Vc) at 10mA (Ic) and is provided this power with an efficiency of 70% (K), then by drawing this power from main power source 130 when the voltage (Vsw) is above 250V will result in a leakage current Isw of about 200 ⁇ A, which is substantially negligible relative to the current generally required by a load (e.g. even for a 5 W load).
  • a leakage current Isw of about 200 ⁇ A, which is substantially negligible relative to the current generally required by a load (e.g. even for a 5 W load).
  • drawing current as described above from main power source 130 by circuit 600 when retrofit switch 110 is in the off state will not cause the load 120 to be activated or to show any sign of receiving current since such a current can be regarded as an environmental interference.
  • circuit 600 when retrofit switch 110 is in the on state, some of the time it will simply power the load and some of the time it will share the power from main power source 130 with load 120 to charge a capacitor to provide the VCC voltage for circuit 600.
  • circuit 600 in the on state circuit 600 is activated to draw power from main power source 130 when the voltage of the sine wave of the power signal is beginning to rise in absolute magnitude until the capacitor of circuit 600 is charged.
  • a load that is activated by a wall switch will have power consumption much greater than the consumption of circuit 600, so that the amount drawn by circuit 600 will be negligible when consumed in series with the load.
  • circuit 600 In contrast to the off state that is powered by a high voltage and low current, in the on state circuit 600 is powered by a low Voltage and relatively high current. The relatively high current also passes through the load and provides current to the load, for the relatively short time of the cycle, while circuit 600 is extracting power in series to load 120.
  • circuit 600 is made up from three main segments (610, 620 and 630):
  • Segment 610 interfaces the main power source and serves as a high efficiency voltage regulator, which provides the VCC current for circuit 600.
  • Segment 620 provides the control logic for the functionality of circuit 600.
  • Segment 630 controls activation of circuit 600 to enable charging the circuit and determination of the type of load 120 (e.g. simple impedance or reactive), to assure that actions that are performed by circuit 600 are appropriate for load 120.
  • an electronic switch element e.g. a Triac (Q3), MOSFET, relay, IGBT or similar element
  • segment 610 may or may not draw current from main power source 130 to charge circuit 600 depending on the power cycle, the state of the charge in circuit 600 and the status of retrofit switch 110.
  • circuit 600 will be charged until an internal charge store is full (capacitor C2), in the following cases:
  • the power signal in circuit 600 is provided to a diode bridge Dl which rectifies the current such that the negative phase of the sine wave is provided from the outputs of the bridge as a positive phase, so that the rest of the circuit handles only positive signals.
  • a capacitor Cl is used to average out the provided current for use by the rest of circuit 600.
  • a standard low current voltage regulator U2 provides a base voltage for powering a control unit U3 that controls the supply of power to a power store that uses a capacitor C2 with an inductor Ll and diode D2 to keep a regulated voltage available for powering retrofit switch 110.
  • Control U3 uses a high voltage FET Ql as a gate to allow the provision of power to the store, and to block provision of power to the store to prevent damage to the circuit.
  • the high efficiency voltage regulator implemented by segment 610 is based on a buck regulator technology although other technologies may be used.
  • a Zener diode D3 e.g. 3.6V is used to limit the voltage provided by capacitor C2 to the main control unit.
  • a voltage divider is provided by resistors Rl and R3 so that circuit 600 will be preset to enable drawing power from main power source 130 from a specific voltage value (as explained above) when retrofit switch 110 is in the off state.
  • an override connection is provided by an opto-coupler U5 to allow the provision of charge to capacitor C2 in other cases (e.g. low voltages) as will be explained below.
  • segment 620 includes a main control unit U6, which can be implemented for example by a microcontroller or an FPGA.
  • main control unit U6 accepts the following inputs:
  • Zero Cross V an indication of the voltage when the current crosses zero. For simple impedance loads the current zero cross and the voltage zero cross occur simultaneously. However complex loads will cause a phase shift between the current and the voltage so control unit U6 can identify the load and disable options which cannot be implemented on complex loads, for example a dimmer. Alternatively, control unit U6 may enable options, which are only relevant for complex loads. 3.
  • Vcc voltage an indication of the voltage level of the charge store provided by capacitor C2. This value notify control unit U6 that the circuit is charged and no more charge is required for the current cycle (or half cycle).
  • Other devices that provide input may include an RF transmitter (e.g. using Bluetooth, Zigbee, z-wave, FSK), an infrared transmitter (e.g. an infrared remote control) or other devices.
  • the input may be used to program control unit U6, for example to change to the on state at specific times or turn on or off a load 120 at specific hours.
  • the AUX input may receive signals from various sensors, for example a light sensor, a audio sensor, a smoke sensor, a temperature sensor or other sensors.
  • main control U6 includes the following outputs:
  • Enable switcher a signal line to enable control U3 to charge capacitor C2 when the voltage preset by the voltage divider (Rl, R3) does not enable charging the capacitor.
  • the signal from this line is converted by opto coupler U5 to enable control U3.
  • Triac trigger - after a zero cross of the current (every half cycle for alternating current) the Triac is off.
  • the Triac remains off.
  • the Triac should be turned on to short out segment 610 and power load 120.
  • load capacitor C2 triggering of the Triac is delayed until the capacitor reaches its nominal voltage. Additionally, when performing a dimming effect triggering of the Triac may be delayed so that load 120 will not be activated.
  • Com Link - provides a communication link together with AUX to communicate with external sensors and controls, for example to respond to signals received from sensors, to provide a display (e.g. an LCD or LED display), provide audio responses or other signals.
  • segment 630 includes resistors (R4, R5, R6 and R7) and a transistor (Q2) arranged to provide control unit U6 with an indication for the current zero cross and for the voltage zero cross, so that control unit U6 can respond based on the load type.
  • segment 630 uses Triac (Q3) to provide electronic switching for circuit 600.
  • retrofit switch 110 may include multiple switches to control multiple loads.
  • multiple segments 630 would be would be used wherein each of the multiple switches would have its own Triac, and zero cross detectors.
  • a battery may be used to preserve electrical power in circuit 600, for example instead of capacitor C2 or other short term charge keeping elements.
  • the battery may be charged only in the on state, only in the off state or in both states as described above regarding circuit 600.
  • load 120 may have low power consumption, for example less than 5W and circuit 600 may not be regarded as negligible relative to load 120.
  • An example of such a load is a compact florescent bulb of low power consumption (e.g. less than 1-5 Watts).
  • a dummy load 125 can be added in parallel to load 120, for example a capacitor (e.g. of less than 1 microfarad) or a high value resistor (e.g. more than 20 Kilo-ohm) to enable circuit 600 to function correctly even with such low power consuming loads.
  • retrofit switch 110 is provided as a kit with a retrofit housing for installing dummy load 125, for example a screw in bulb housing with a resistor or capacitor in parallel to load 120, so that retrofit switch 110 may be used for low power consuming loads.
  • dummy load 125 for example a screw in bulb housing with a resistor or capacitor in parallel to load 120
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic illustration of an alternative embodiment (circuit 700) of the previous circuit (circuit 600), according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • Circuit 700 includes the additional elements shown by segment
  • control unit U6 includes a current limit control signal line.
  • the current limit control signal line is provided to enable and disable an opto-coupler U8 causing a resistor R9 to be shorted out or to be introduced in parallel to resistor R2.
  • circuit 700 draws power from the main power cycle when the voltage is at a high absolute value.
  • retrofit switch 110 when retrofit switch 110 is in the on state circuit 700 draws power from the main power cycle when the voltage is low, immediately following the zero cross or near the zero cross (e.g. up to 10-20% of the cycle arround the zero cross).
  • the on state control unit U6 will activate opto-coupler U8 so that R9 will be parallel to R2 and controller U3 will sample a lower voltage drop over its current sense output and will allow a greater current to flow through Ql to charge capacitor C2.
  • the off state control unit U6 will disable opto-coupler U8 so that R2 will be sampled by itself and a lower current will be used to charge capacitor C2.

Landscapes

  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
  • Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de rattrapage pour interrupteur mural, lequel système comprend un circuit se connectant aux deux fils existants de cet interrupteur mural en série avec la charge qui était commandée par ledit interrupteur mural; un élément de commutation dans le circuit qui court-circuite ce circuit lorsque l'élément est enclenché et permet la connexion du circuit en série avec la charge lorsque ledit élément est coupé; une unité de commande dans le circuit, pouvant être réglée par un utilisateur et commandant l'état de l'élément de commutation; lequel circuit tire le courant des fils existants, stocke le courant dans le circuit et alimente en courant l'unité de commande, le circuit étant alimenté en courant électrique quel que soit l'état de l'élément de commutation.
PCT/IL2008/000571 2007-09-02 2008-04-30 Système de rattrapage pour interrupteur électrique télécommandé WO2009027963A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IL2007/001078 WO2009027962A2 (fr) 2007-09-02 2007-09-02 Système de rattrapage pour interrupteur électrique télécommandé
ILPCT/IL2007/001078 2007-09-02

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WO2009027963A2 true WO2009027963A2 (fr) 2009-03-05
WO2009027963A3 WO2009027963A3 (fr) 2010-02-25

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PCT/IL2008/000571 WO2009027963A2 (fr) 2007-09-02 2008-04-30 Système de rattrapage pour interrupteur électrique télécommandé

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US8659232B2 (en) 2010-09-14 2014-02-25 Crs Electronics Variable-impedance load for LED lamps
US9839103B2 (en) 2015-01-06 2017-12-05 Cmoo Systems Ltd. Method and apparatus for power extraction in a pre-existing AC wiring infrastructure
GB2587345A (en) * 2019-09-20 2021-03-31 Luceco Plc Light switch

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US8446101B2 (en) * 2009-07-20 2013-05-21 Gallen Ka Leung Tsui Control switch
FR2990574B1 (fr) * 2012-05-10 2015-11-20 Hager Controls Commutation sans fil d'un circuit d'excitation d'un appareil central du type minuterie, telerupteur ou gradateur
KR101360685B1 (ko) 2012-05-31 2014-02-10 엘지이노텍 주식회사 대기전력 절감 조명 시스템
CN104427679B (zh) * 2013-08-21 2018-07-20 欧司朗有限公司 用于照明装置的热插拔模块和驱动器以及照明装置
ES2820802T3 (es) 2014-09-23 2021-04-22 Switchbee Ltd Método y aparato para controlar una carga
DE102016104485A1 (de) * 2016-03-11 2017-09-14 Osram Gmbh Leuchtvorrichtung mit Strombegrenzung für Kommunikationseinrichtung

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US8659232B2 (en) 2010-09-14 2014-02-25 Crs Electronics Variable-impedance load for LED lamps
US9839103B2 (en) 2015-01-06 2017-12-05 Cmoo Systems Ltd. Method and apparatus for power extraction in a pre-existing AC wiring infrastructure
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GB2587345A (en) * 2019-09-20 2021-03-31 Luceco Plc Light switch

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WO2009027963A3 (fr) 2010-02-25
WO2009027962A3 (fr) 2009-09-03

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