WO2009026824A1 - Procédé, dispositif et système pour transférer des messages multiplex - Google Patents

Procédé, dispositif et système pour transférer des messages multiplex Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009026824A1
WO2009026824A1 PCT/CN2008/072042 CN2008072042W WO2009026824A1 WO 2009026824 A1 WO2009026824 A1 WO 2009026824A1 CN 2008072042 W CN2008072042 W CN 2008072042W WO 2009026824 A1 WO2009026824 A1 WO 2009026824A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
message
packet
multiplexed
transmission unit
node
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2008/072042
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Bin Meng
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Publication of WO2009026824A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009026824A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/54Store-and-forward switching systems 
    • H04L12/56Packet switching systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method, device, and system for transmitting and multiplexing a message.
  • the packet is carried in an IP packet.
  • the format of the RTP packet protocol stack is shown in the following table:
  • each message contains three fixed headers (IP header, UDP header and RTP header).
  • the three headers add up to 40 bytes in length. That is to say, each time a voice message is transmitted, a 40-byte credit is added.
  • the industry proposes to multiplex multiple RTPs into one IP packet for transmission.
  • the format is as follows:
  • the length of the voice message is limited, and the maximum is about 200 bytes.
  • the length of the composite message can be very long, theoretically up to 65,535 bytes (actually the message will not exceed 1500 bytes).
  • the longer the reuse message the better.
  • a multiplexed message larger than a voice message it may be fragmented during transmission. Since not all media gateways support fragmented voice packets, how to prevent packets from being fragmented is a problem that needs to be solved.
  • the length of the multiplexing message is only required to be no greater than the M of the media gateway sending interface.
  • TU maximum transmission unit: Maximum Transfer
  • the transmission of the current multiplexed message has a problem that the transmission is insecure due to possible fragmentation by the intermediate forwarding node.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a method, a device and a system for transmitting a multiplexed message, which solves the problem that the multiplexed message is fragmented in the prior art, and effectively realizes complete and secure transmission of the multiplexed message. .
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for transmitting a multiplexing message, including:
  • the path maximum transmission unit of the current multiplexing message is adjusted according to the detection result, and the current multiplexing message is transmitted according to the path maximum transmission unit.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a multiplexing message sending node, including:
  • the fragment detection module is configured to detect whether the transmitted multiplexing message is fragmented
  • the path maximum transmission unit adjustment module is configured to receive the detection result of the fragment detection module, and adjust a path maximum transmission unit of the current multiplexing message according to the detection result.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a multiplexing packet forwarding node, including:
  • the fragmentation determining module is configured to determine, according to the path maximum transmission unit of the received multiplexing message and the maximum transmission unit of the interface of the local node, whether the multiplexing packet needs to be fragmented;
  • the response message sending module is configured to receive the judgment result of the fragment determining module, and send a corresponding response message according to the judgment result.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a system for transmitting a multiplexed message, including multiple nodes, including: [24] a multiplexed message sending node, configured to detect whether a multiplexed message may be fragmented, and Adjusting the path maximum transmission unit of the multiplexed message; and
  • the multiplexed packet forwarding node is configured to forward the multiplexed packet, and determine whether the packet needs to be fragmented according to the length of the multiplexed packet and the maximum transmission unit of the outbound interface of the node, and according to the judgment As a result, the packet is forwarded or a response packet is sent to the multiplexed packet sending node.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for passively detecting and transmitting a multiplexing message according to another embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for preventing multiplexing of message fragments according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the multiplexed packet is sent, and the packet is automatically sliced.
  • corresponding measures are taken (such as reducing the multiplexing length). Etc.) to solve the fragmentation problem, realize the discovery and fragmentation of the message, select a reasonable packet multiplexing length according to the detection result, and finally realize the effective use of the bandwidth.
  • the automatic fragmentation detection of the message includes: any one of the active detection mechanism and the passive detection mechanism or a combination thereof.
  • the active detection mechanism refers to the process of multiplexing the packets to be long enough to fully utilize the bandwidth resources in the process of transmitting the multiplexed packets.
  • the PMTU of the multiplexed packets (Path Maximum Transfer: Path Maximum Transfer)
  • the first node sends a probe packet to the destination node, the length of the probe packet is adjusted to a PMTU of the current multiplexed packet, and according to the received response packet, it is determined whether the probe packet may be Fragment, if the correct response message of the probe message is received, determining that the probe message is not fragmented; if the response message is not received or a response message indicating an error is received, determining The probe message may be fragmented. And according to the judgment result, the current multiplexing message length is adjusted accordingly.
  • the passive detection mechanism refers to that the forwarding node that multiplexes the packet needs to send a notification message to the first node after the multiplexed packet is fragmented, and the first node adjusts the current information according to the information of the notification packet.
  • the length of the multiplexed message refers to that the forwarding node that multiplexes the packet needs to send a notification message to the first node after the multiplexed packet is fragmented, and the first node adjusts the current information according to the information of the notification packet. The length of the multiplexed message.
  • an active detection mechanism may be used. As shown in FIG. 1, before the multiplexed packet is sent, the multiplexed packet is used. Set the non-fragmentable flag, and send the MTU value of the outbound interface of the current packet to the upper limit of the PMTU of the multiplexed packet. Said The method for preventing multiplexing of packet fragments includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 The PMTU value of the currently transmitted multiplexed packet is smaller than the upper limit value, and the multiplexed packet is sent;
  • the PMTU value of the first transmission of the multiplexed message may be configured by the user or selected internally by the device.
  • the PMTU value of the selected first-time multiplexed packet may be smaller, that is, it is not necessary to be close to the upper limit, thereby ensuring that the multiplexed packet just sent is not fragmented.
  • the upper limit value may be selected as the PMTU for transmitting the multiplexed message for the first time, and then the upper limit value is used as the PMTU transmission multiplexing in the case that all the forwarding nodes normally forward the multiplexed message. In the message, if the upper limit value is selected as the PMTU for transmitting the multiplexed message for the first time, and the multiplexed message is still fragmented, the PMTU is gradually lowered.
  • Step 2 After the PMTU of the currently sent packet is smaller than the outbound interface MTU, the first node sends a probe packet to the destination node, where the length of the probe packet is greater than the PMTU of the current multiplexed packet;
  • the method of heightening can be as follows: The PMTU of the multiplexed message is smaller than the first one. After the MTU of the outbound interface of the node, the first node sends a probe packet with a length greater than the current PMTU to the destination node.
  • the amplitude range of the height adjustment may be preset, that is, the amplitude of each height adjustment does not exceed the amplitude range, and the PMTU value after the height adjustment is guaranteed to be smaller than the MTU of the first node.
  • the forwarding node After receiving the probe packet, the forwarding node determines whether the probe packet needs to be fragmented. Since the probe packet is set with a non-fragmentable flag, the forwarding node needs to fragment the probe packet. The probe packet is not directly fragmented, but the corresponding response packet is sent according to the judgment result. If fragmentation is required, the forwarding node may not send a response packet, or send a response packet indicating that the error is sent to the first node; if fragmentation is not required, a response packet indicating that the probe packet is correctly forwarded is sent.
  • Step 3 The first node determines, according to the response packet that receives the probe packet, whether the probe packet may be fragmented.
  • the minimum MTU on the transmission path is still greater than the current PMTU, and the length of the probe packet is used as the complex Sending the multiplexed message by using the PMTU of the packet, and returning to step 2;
  • the response packet of the probe packet is not received, or the response packet indicating the error is received, it may be determined that the multiplex packet sent by the length of the probe packet may be fragmented. Go to step 4.
  • the information carried by the response packet is different according to different protocols. Therefore, the MTU of the current node may be selected in the response packet according to the capabilities of different nodes.
  • Step 4 Maintain the current (before this PMTU adjustment) PMTU value to send the multiplexed message, or select the amplitude value whose amplitude is smaller than the previous amplitude increase to increase the current PMTU value, and The adjusted PMTU sends a probe message, and then returns to step 3 until the amplitude of the probe message is increased by less than a predetermined threshold, for example, less than the minimum scale of the currently used unit of measure.
  • a predetermined threshold for example, less than the minimum scale of the currently used unit of measure.
  • the first node may adjust the PMTU according to the MTU. For example, the first node continues to detect the PMTU with the MTU as the probe message.
  • the embodiment of the present invention implements the automatic detection mechanism to ensure that the current PMTU is smaller than all forwarding nodes.
  • the length of the multiplexed packet is increased as much as possible, and the fragmentation caused by improperly setting the multiplexed packet length is effectively prevented, thereby improving the effect of multiplexing and achieving the purpose of fully utilizing the bandwidth resource.
  • the embodiment of the present invention is only described by using an example of increasing the amplitude. If the PMTU selected in the first transmission of the multiplexed message is equal to the MTU of the outbound interface of the first node, if the multiplexed message is fragmented, Then, in the form of subsequent detection of the message, the PMTU is lowered until it is not fragmented, and the multiplexing effect is improved by combining the above-mentioned heightening scheme.
  • the foregoing embodiment of the present invention is a detection process performed in the process of transmitting a multiplexed message.
  • the embodiment of the present invention does not exclude the use of the detection mode to determine one before the formal transmission of the multiplexed message.
  • the PMTU of the appropriate multiplexed message is used to transmit the multiplexed message.
  • the passive detection mechanism may be used. As shown in FIG. 2, before the multiplexing packet is sent, the multiplexing report is used. The text sets the non-fragmentable flag, and sends the MTU value of the interface of the current packet to the first node as the upper limit of the PMTU of the multiplexed message.
  • the method for preventing packet fragmentation specifically includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 The PMTU value of the currently transmitted multiplexed packet is smaller than the upper limit value, and the multiplexed packet is sent;
  • the PMTU value of the first transmission of the multiplexed message may be configured by the user or selected internally by the device.
  • the PMTU value of the selected first-time multiplexed packet may be smaller, that is, it is not necessary to be close to the upper limit value, so as to ensure that the multiplexed packet just sent is not fragmented.
  • the embodiment of the present invention does not exclude that the PMTU that is equal to the upper limit value can be selected as the first transmission multiplexing message.
  • Step 2 After the node that forwards the multiplexed packet needs to fragment the multiplexed packet, if the multiplexed packet has been set with a non-fragmentable flag, the node discards the complex Use the message and send back a notification message to the first node;
  • the node that forwards the multiplexed packet may find that the PMT U of the multiplexed packet is greater than the MTU of the outbound interface of the current node after receiving the multiplexed packet, and the multiplexed packet fragmentation process is required. Therefore, because the packet is set with a non-fragmentable flag, it is not feasible to perform fragmentation on the multiplexed packet. Therefore, the node discards the multiplexed packet and sends a notification packet to the first node, such as Returns an IMCP packet.
  • the notification message is equivalent to the response message indicating an error in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the information carried in the notification message according to the different protocols is different, that is, some nodes can support the MTU carrying the current node in the returned notification message.
  • Step 3 The first node detects whether the notification message is received, and adjusts the PMTU of the currently sent message according to the information carried in the notification message.
  • the first node adjusts the current PMTU according to the MTU
  • the first node adjusts the PMTU according to a certain policy, for example, the range of the PMTU can be set every time. Make the range of each reduction not exceed this range.
  • the passive detection mechanism is used to notify the first node when the forwarding node needs to fragment the packet, so that the first node adjusts the current PMTU, and avoids improper selection of the multiplexed message PMTU to cause fragmentation.
  • the method for preventing multiplexing packet fragmentation may also be implemented in another embodiment, and the active detection and passive detection mechanisms are performed simultaneously in the transmission of the multiplexing message.
  • the methods of active detection and passive detection are respectively described in the above embodiments of the present invention.
  • the PMTU that sends the multiplexed message for the first time may optionally have a value less than or equal to the upper limit. After the PMTU of the current multiplexed packet is smaller than the MTU of the first node, the first node attempts to increase the length of the multiplexed packet. Since the packet transmission model of the IP network is the store-and-forward mode, each forwarding node needs to be based on the destination. IP selection message transmission direction.
  • the passive detection mechanism is implemented, so that when the multiplexed message passes through a certain section The point needs to be fragmented.
  • the node can notify the first node when the packet is discarded, so that the first node and the ⁇ adjust the PMTU of the current multiplexed packet.
  • the embodiment of the present invention uses a combination of two detection mechanisms, not only can meet the PMTU less than the MTU of all forwarding nodes on the path, select the largest PMTU to multiplex packets, make full use of bandwidth resources, and can The network changes, resulting in a change in the minimum MTU, and the first node is notified to adjust the current PMTU, which further ensures the security and integrity of the multiplexing message transmission process, and achieves the maximum improvement of the multiplexing effect.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a system for preventing multiplexed packet fragmentation.
  • the system includes multiple nodes, and the node may be a router, and the plurality of nodes include a first Nodes (ie, multiplexed message sending nodes) and forwarding nodes (ie, multiplexed message forwarding nodes).
  • the first node is configured to set a non-fragmentable flag for the multiplexed message, and detect whether the multiplexed message may be fragmented, and adjust a PM TU of the multiplexed message, in order to implement the function, in the first node At least the settings are:
  • a fragment detection module configured to detect whether a transmitted multiplexing message may be fragmented
  • the path maximum transmission unit adjustment module is configured to receive the detection result of the fragment detection module, and adjust a path maximum transmission unit of the current multiplexing message according to the detection result.
  • the fragment detection module specifically includes:
  • a response message receiving submodule configured to receive a response message
  • the response message analysis sub-module is configured to determine, according to the received response message, whether the sent multiplexing message may be fragmented.
  • the head node may further include:
  • Non-fragmentable flag setting module used to set the non-fragmentable flag for the transmitted multiplexed message.
  • the head node may further include:
  • Path Maximum Transmission Unit Initial Value Setting Module used to set the maximum transmission unit of the path for transmitting the multiplexed message for the first time.
  • the forwarding node is configured to forward the multiplexed packet, and determine whether the packet needs to be fragmented according to the length of the multiplexed packet and the maximum transmission unit of the outbound interface of the node, and forward the packet according to the judgment result. Or send a response message to the first node.
  • the forwarding node is configured with at least:
  • the fragmentation judging module is configured to judge the PMTU of the received multiplexed message and the MTU of the outbound interface of the own node. Whether to shard the multiplexed message;
  • the response message sending module is configured to receive the judgment result of the fragment determining module, and send a corresponding response message according to the judgment result. For example, if fragmentation is not required, the multiplexed packet is sent correctly to forward the packet. If fragmentation is required, the response packet is not sent, or a response packet indicating an error is sent. Moreover, the information carried by the response packet is different according to different protocols. Therefore, the MTU of the current node may be selected in the returned notification message according to the capabilities of different nodes.
  • the response message sending module specifically includes:
  • a response message sending sub-module 1 configured to send a correct response message if the judgment result is that no fragmentation is required;
  • the response message sending sub-module 2 is configured to send a response message indicating that the error is required after the determining result is that the fragment is needed.
  • the first node and the forwarding node are relatively the first node of the packet to be sent in actual operation, and may be a forwarding node for other packets. Similarly, the forwarding node may serve as the other node.
  • the first node of the packet is sent, so that the first node can simultaneously set each module in the forwarding node, and the forwarding node can simultaneously set each module in the first node.
  • the embodiment of the present invention ensures that the multiplexed message is not fragmented by using automatic fragmentation detection in the multiplexing technique.
  • the automatic detection is used to actively discover the minimum MTU on the transmission path, so that the length of the multiplexing message is maximized, and the effect of multiplexing is improved.
  • the passive detection mechanism and the minimum MTU change caused by the network change are realized.
  • the secure transmission of multiplexed messages improves the efficiency of network usage.

Description

说明书 一种传输复用报文的方法、 设备及系统
[1] 技术领域
[2] 本发明涉及通信技术领域, 尤其涉及一种传输复用报文的方法、 设备及系统。
[3] 发明背景
[4] 目前, 关于 IP头复用的标准是将多个 RTP (实吋传输协议: Real time Transport
Protocol) 报文承载到一个 IP报文中。 RTP报文协议栈的格式如下表所示:
[5] RTP
UDP
IPv4 or IPv6
[6] 由上表可以看出, 每一个报文都包含三个固定的头 (IP头, UDP头和 RTP头)
。 这三个头加起来的长度为 40个字节。 也就是每传送语音报文都会格外增加 40 个字节的幵销。 为了减少这种幵销, 业界提出将多个 RTP复用到一个 IP报文中传 送。 格式示意如下:
[7]
Figure imgf000003_0002
[8] 从上述结构可以看出, n越大, 带宽的利用率越高。 整个复用报文大小是有 PM
TU (路径最大传输单元: Path Maximum Transfer
Figure imgf000003_0001
[9] 在没有所述复用技术之前, 语音报文的长度是有限的, 最大大致为 200个字节 左右。 在使用所述复用技术后, 复合报文的长度可以达到很长, 理论上可以达 到 65535个字节 (实际上报文不会超过 1500字节) 。 为了达到好的复用效果, 复 用报文越长越好。 但是对于比语音报文大的复用报文, 其在传送过程中有可能 被分片。 由于不是所有的媒体网关都支持分片语音报文, 因此如何防止报文被 分片是目前有待解决的问题。
[10] 而目前的标准中, 对于复用报文的长度只是要求不大于媒体网关发送接口的 M TU (最大传输单元: Maximum Transfer
Unit) 。 然而仅仅将复用报文大小限定到小于媒体网关发送接口的 MTU, 仍然 不能避免报文被中间的转发节点分片。 因此, 当前复用报文的传输由于可能被 中间的转发节点分片而存在传输不安全的问题。
[11] 发明内容
[12] 本发明实施例提供一种传输复用报文的方法、 设备及系统, 解决了现有技术中 复用报文被分片的问题, 有效实现了复用报文完整、 安全的传输。
[13] 本发明实施例是通过以下技术方案实现的:
[14] 本发明实施例提供一种传输复用报文的方法, 包括:
[15] 检测复用报文是否被分片;
[16] 根据检测结果调整当前复用报文的路径最大传输单元, 并根据所述路径最大传 输单元, 传输所述当前复用报文。
[17] 本发明实施例提供一种复用报文发送节点, 包括:
[18] 分片检测模块, 用于检测发送的复用报文是否被分片;
[19] 路径最大传输单元调整模块, 用于接收所述分片检测模块的检测结果, 根据所 述检测结果调整当前复用报文的路径最大传输单元。
[20] 本发明实施例提供一种复用报文转发节点, 包括:
[21] 分片判断模块, 用于根据接收的复用报文的路径最大传输单元及本身节点出接 口的最大传输单元判断是否需要对所述复用报文分片;
[22] 回应报文发送模块, 用于接收所述分片判断模块的判断结果, 并根据所述判断 结果发送相应的回应报文。
[23] 本发明实施例提供一种传输复用报文的系统, 包括多个节点, 其中包括: [24] 复用报文发送节点, 用于检测复用报文是否可能被分片, 并调整复用报文的路 径最大传输单元; 及
[25] 复用报文转发节点, 用于转发复用报文, 并根据所述复用报文的长度及本身节 点出接口的最大传输单元判断是否需要对报文进行分片, 并根据判断结果转发 报文或发送回应报文给所述复用报文发送节点。
[26] 附图简要说明 [27] 图 1为本发明一个实施例提供的釆用主动探测传输复用报文方法流程图;
[28] 图 2为本发明另一个实施例提供的釆用被动检测传输复用报文方法流程图; [29] 图 3为本发明实施例防止复用报文分片的系统的结构示意图。
[30] 实施本发明的方式
[31] 下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图, 对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、 完整地描述, 显然, 所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例, 而不是全部 的实施例。 基于本发明中的实施例, 本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳 动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例, 都属于本发明保护的范围。
[32] 本发明实施例通过在报文复用后, 发送所述复用报文吋进行报文自动分片检测 , 在发现报文被分片后釆取相应措施 (如减小复用长度等) 来解决所述分片问 题, 实现了及吋发现报文分片, 根据检测结果选择合理的报文复用长度, 最终 实现带宽的有效利用。
[33] 本发明实施例所述报文自动分片检测包括: 主动探测机制和被动检测机制的任 意一种或其组合。 所述主动探测机制, 是指在发送复用报文过程中, 为实现报 文复用的长度足够长, 充分利用带宽资源, 在复用报文的 PMTU (路径最大传输 单兀: Path Maximum Transfer
Unit) 小于出接口 MTU (最大传输单元: Maximum Transfer
Unit) 吋, 首节点向目的节点发送探测报文, 所述探测报文的长度为当前复用报 文的 PMTU调整一个幅值, 并根据收到的回应报文, 确定探测报文是否可能被分 片, 若接收到所述探测报文的正确回应报文, 则确定所述探测报文没有被分片 ; 若没有接收到回应报文或接收到表示出错的回应报文, 则确定所述探测报文 可能被分片。 并根据判断结果相应调整当前复用报文长度。 所述被动检测机制 , 是指复用报文的转发节点在需要对复用报文进行分片吋, 发送一个通知报文 给首节点, 所述首节点根据该通知报文的信息相应调整当前复用报文的长度。
[34] 下面以具体实施例来对本发明的技术方案进行详细介绍。
[35] 本发明提供的防止复用报文分片方法的一个具体实施例中, 可以釆用主动探测 机制, 如图 1所示, 在发送复用报文前, 为所述复用报文设置不可分片标志, 并 将当前报文发送首节点的出接口的 MTU值作为复用报文的 PMTU的上限。 所述 防止复用报文分片的方法具体包括如下步骤:
[36] 步骤 1 : 令当前发送的复用报文的 PMTU值小于所述上限值, 发送复用报文;
[37] 所述首次发送复用报文的 PMTU值可以由用户配置或者由设备内部选定。 所述 选择的首次发送复用报文的 PMTU值可以小一些, 也就是不必接近上限值, 从而 保证刚发送的复用报文不会被分片。
[38] 当然也可以选择所述上限值作为首次发送复用报文的 PMTU, 则后续在所有转 发节点正常转发复用报文的情况下, 保持以所述上限值作为 PMTU发送复用报文 , 若选择所述上限值作为首次发送复用报文的 PMTU吋, 复用报文仍然被分片, 则逐步调低所述 PMTU。
[39] 步骤 2: 在所述当前发送报文的 PMTU小于出接口 MTU吋, 首节点向目的节点 发送探测报文, 该探测报文的长度大于当前复用报文的 PMTU;
[40] 为了尽可能的提高复用的效果, 实现报文复用的长度足够长, 充分利用带宽资 源, 因此需要调高 PMTU, 其调高方法可以为: 在复用报文的 PMTU小于首节点 出接口的 MTU吋, 首节点向目的节点发送一个长度大于当前 PMTU的探测报文 。 所述调高的幅度范围可以预先设置, 也就是每次调高的幅度不超过该幅度范 围, 并保证调高后的 PMTU值小于首节点的 MTU。 转发节点在接收到所述探测 报文后, 判断是否需要对所述探测报文分片, 由于该探测报文中设置有不可分 片标志, 因此所述转发节点在需要对探测报文分片吋, 也不会直接对该探测报 文分片, 而是根据判断结果发送相应的回应报文。 若需要分片, 转发节点可以 不发送回应报文, 或发送表示出错的回应报文给首节点; 若不需要分片, 则发 送表示探测报文被正确转发的回应报文。
[41] 步骤 3: 所述首节点根据接收所述探测报文的回应报文, 判断探测报文是否可 能被分片;
[42] 如果所述首节点接收到表示探测报文被正确转发的探测报文的回应报文, 则可 确定传输路径上的最小 MTU仍然大于当前 PMTU, 此吋用探测报文的长度作为 复用报文的 PMTU发送复用报文, 并返回步骤 2;
[43] 如果没有收到所述探测报文的回应报文, 或者收到表示出错的回应报文, 则可 确定以所述探测报文的长度发送复用报文有可能被分片, 则执行步骤 4。 [44] 根据不同的协议所述回应报文所携带的信息不同, 因此可以根据不同节点的能 力, 在所述回应报文中选择携带当前节点的 MTU。
[45] 步骤 4: 维持当前的 (本次调整 PMTU前) PMTU值不变发送复用报文, 或者选 择调高幅度小于上一次调高幅度的幅度值来调高当前的 PMTU值, 并以所述调整 后的 PMTU发送探测报文, 之后返回步骤 3, 直到所述探测报文调高的幅值小于 预定门限值, 例如小于当前釆用的衡量单位的最小刻度。
[46] 若所述回应报文中携带有当前节点的 MTU, 贝 I」首节点可以根据所述 MTU调整 所述 PMTU, 例如, 首节点以所述 MTU作为探测报文的 PMTU继续探测。
[47] 本发明实施例通过自动探测机制实现了在保证当前 PMTU小于所有转发节点 M
TU的情况下, 尽量增大复用报文的长度, 有效防止复用报文长度设置不当造成 的被分片, 提高了复用的效果, 达到了充分利用带宽资源的目的。
[48] 本发明实施例仅以调高幅值为例进行了说明, 若在首次发送复用报文吋选择的 PMTU等于首节点出接口 MTU吋, 若出现复用报文被分片的情况, 则同样可以 在后续釆用探测报文的形式, 调低 PMTU直到不被分片, 并结合上述调高的方案 使其提高复用效果。
[49] 上述本发明实施例是在发送复用报文过程中执行的探测过程, 当然本发明实施 例并不排除在正式的发送所述复用报文前, 釆用所述探测方式确定一个合适的 复用报文的 PMTU来发送复用报文。
[50] 本发明提供的防止复用报文分片的方法的另一个实施例中, 可以釆用被动探测 机制, 如图 2所示, 在发送复用报文前, 为所述复用报文设置不可分片标志, 并 将当前报文发送首节点的接口的 MTU值作为复用报文的 PMTU的上限。 所述防 止报文分片的方法具体包括如下步骤:
[51] 步骤 1 : 令当前发送的复用报文的 PMTU值小于所述上限值, 发送复用报文;
[52] 所述首次发送复用报文的 PMTU值可以由用户配置或者由设备内部选定。 所述 选择的首次发送复用报文的 PMTU值可以小一些, 也就是不必接近上限值, 从而 保证刚发送的复用报文不会被分片。 为保证复用效果, 可以根据实际情况针对 不同的目的网段设置不同的首次发送复用报文的 PMTU值。 当然本发明实施例并 不排除可以选择等于所述上限值作为首次发送复用报文的 PMTU。 [53] 步骤 2: 转发所述复用报文的节点在需要对所述复用报文分片吋, 由于所述复 用报文已经设置了不可分片标志, 则所述节点丢弃所述复用报文, 并回送一个 通知报文给首节点;
[54] 所述转发复用报文的节点可能在接收到所述复用报文后发现该复用报文的 PMT U大于当前节点出接口 MTU, 则需要对该复用报文分片处理, 而由于该报文设置 有不可分片标志, 因此对该复用报文执行分片是不可行的, 因此, 所述节点丢 弃该复用报文, 并回送一个通知报文给首节点, 如回送一个 IMCP报文。 所述通 知报文相当于本发明实施例一中表示出错的回应报文。
[55] 根据不同的协议所述回应的通知报文所携带的信息不同, 也就是有些节点可以 支持在所述回送的通知报文中选择携带当前节点的 MTU。
[56] 步骤 3: 首节点检测是否接收到所述通知报文, 并根据所述通知报文所携带的 信息调整当前发送报文的 PMTU;
[57] 若所述通知报文中携带有需要对复用报文进行分片处理的节点的 MTU, 则所述 首节点根据所述 MTU调整当前 PMTU;
[58] 若所述通知报文中没有携带需要对复用报文进行分片处理的节点的 MTU, 则所 述首节点根据一定策略调整 PMTU, 例如可以设置每次调低 PMTU的幅度范围, 使每次调低的幅度不超过该范围。
[59] 本发明实施例通过被动检测机制, 在转发节点需要对报文分片吋能够通知首节 点, 使首节点调整当前 PMTU, 避免复用报文 PMTU选择不当造成被分片。
[60] 本发明提供的防止复用报文分片的方法的还可以以另一个实施例实现, 在发送 复用报文吋同吋执行主动探测与被动检测机制。 所述主动探测与被动检测的方 法分别同上述本发明实施例中所述。 其中, 首次发送复用报文的 PMTU可以任选 一个小于等于上限的值。 在当前发送复用报文的 PMTU小于首节点 MTU吋, 首 节点尝试调高复用报文长度的同吋, 由于 IP网络的报文传送模型为存储转发方式 , 每一个转发节点都要根据目的 IP选择报文的传送方向。 当网络发生变化 (报文 传送路径发生变化) 的吋候, 报文的流向也有可能随之变换, 因此一个原本正 常发送的复用报文可能由于路径的改变, 需要被分片。 因此, 在执行主动探测 机制选择合理的 PMTU的同吋, 执行被动检测机制, 这样当复用报文经过某一节 点需要被分片吋, 该节点可以在丢弃报文的同吋通知首节点, 使首节点及吋调 整当前发送复用报文的 PMTU。
[61] 本发明实施例通过两种检测机制的结合使用, 不但可以在满足 PMTU小于路径 上所有转发节点 MTU的同吋, 选择最大的 PMTU来复用报文, 充分利用带宽资 源, 而且可以在网络发生变化, 从而导致最小 MTU发生变化吋, 及吋通知首节 点调整当前的 PMTU, 进一步保证了复用报文传输过程的安全性、 完整性, 实现 了最大程度的提高复用效果。
[62] 本发明实施例还提供一种防止复用报文分片的系统, 如图 3所示, 所述系统包 括多个节点, 所述节点可以为路由器, 所述多个节点中包括首节点 (即复用报 文发送节点) 和转发节点 (即复用报文转发节点) 。 所述首节点用于为复用报 文设置不可分片标志, 及检测复用报文是否可能被分片, 并调整复用报文的 PM TU, 为实现所述功能, 在所述首节点中至少设置有:
[63] 分片检测模块, 用于检测发送的复用报文是否可能被分片;
[64] 路径最大传输单元调整模块, 用于接收所述分片检测模块的检测结果, 根据所 述检测结果调整当前复用报文的路径最大传输单元。
[65] 所述分片检测模块具体包括:
[66] 回应报文接收子模块, 用于接收回应报文;
[67] 回应报文分析子模块, 用于根据所述接收的回应报文判断发送的复用报文是否 可能被分片。
[68] 所述首节点还可以包括:
[69] 不可分片标志设置模块, 用于为发送的复用报文设置不可分片标志。
[70] 所述首节点还可以包括:
[71] 路径最大传输单元初始值设置模块, 用于设置首次发送复用报文吋的路径最大 传输单元。
[72] 所述转发节点用于转发复用报文, 并根据所述复用报文的长度及本身节点出接 口的最大传输单元判断是否需要对报文进行分片, 并根据判断结果转发报文或 发送回应报文给所述首节点。 为完成上述功能, 所述转发节点上至少设置有:
[73] 分片判断模块, 用于根据接收的复用报文的 PMTU及本身节点出接口的 MTU判 断是否需要对所述复用报文分片;
[74] 回应报文发送模块, 用于接收所述分片判断模块的判断结果, 并根据所述判断 结果发送相应的回应报文。 例如, 若不需要分片, 则发送复用报文正确转发报 文, 若需要分片, 则不发送回应报文, 或发送表示出错的回应报文。 而且, 根 据不同的协议所述回应报文所携带的信息不同, 因此可以根据不同节点的能力 , 在所述回送的通知报文中选择携带当前节点的 MTU。
[75] 所述回应报文发送模块具体包括:
[76] 回应报文发送子模块一, 用于在所述判断结果为不需要分片吋发送正确回应报 文; 和 /或,
[77] 回应报文发送子模块二, 用于在所述判断结果为需要分片吋发送表示出错的回 应报文。
[78] 上述首节点及转发节点为相对而言, 在实际操作中作为一个需要发送的报文的 首节点, 对于其他报文来说可能是转发节点, 同理, 所述转发节点可以作为其 他报文发送的首节点, 因此, 所述首节点可以同吋设置所述转发节点中的各模 块, 所述转发节点上可以同吋设置所述首节点中的各模块。
[79] 综上所述, 本发明实施例通过在复用技术中釆用自动分片检测保证了复用报文 不会被分片。 并通过自动探测实现主动发现传送路径上的最小 MTU, 使得复用 报文的长度达到最大化, 提高了复用的效果, 通过被动检测机制及吋感知由于 网络变化导致的最小 MTU变化, 实现了复用报文的安全传输, 且提高了网络的 使用效率。
[80] 通过以上的实施方式的描述, 本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到本发明可借 助软件加必需的硬件平台的方式来实现, 当然也可以全部通过硬件来实施, 但 很多情况下前者是更佳的实施方式。 基于这样的理解, 本发明的技术方案对背 景技术做出贡献的全部或者部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来, 该计算机软 件产品可以存储在存储介质中, 如 ROM/RAM、 磁碟、 光盘等, 包括若干指令用 以使得一台计算机设备 (可以是个人计算机, 服务器, 或者网络设备等) 执行 本发明各个实施例或者实施例的某些部分所述的方法。
[81] 以上所述, 仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式, 但本发明的保护范围并不局限于 此, 任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内, 可轻易想到 的变化或替换, 都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。 因此, 本发明的保护范围 应该以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims

权利要求书
[1] 一种传输复用报文的方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
检测复用报文是否被分片;
根据检测结果调整当前复用报文的路径最大传输单元, 并根据所述路径最 大传输单元, 传输所述当前复用报文。
[2] 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法在检测复用报文是否可能 被分片之前还包括: 为所述复用报文设置不可分片标志, 并将当前报文发 送首节点接口的最大传输单元值作为所述复用报文路径最大传输单元的上 限值。
[3] 如权利要求 1或 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述检测所述复用报文是否可 能被分片的方法包括: 主动探测机制和被动检测机制中的至少一种。
[4] 如权利要求 3所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述主动探测机制具体包括: 在所述复用报文的路径最大传输单元小于首节点出接口最大传输单元吋, 首节点向目的节点发送探测报文, 所述探测报文的长度大于当前复用报文 的路径最大传输单元一个幅值;
若接收到所述探测报文的正确回应报文, 则确定所述探测报文没有被分片 若没有接收到回应报文或接收到表示出错的回应报文, 则确定所述探测报 文被分片。
[5] 如权利要求 4所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述根据检测结果调整当前复用报 文的路径最大传输单元的方法具体包括:
若确定所述探测报文没有被分片, 则以所述探测报文的长度作为所述复用 报文的路径最大传输单元传输所述复用报文, 并继续通过所述主动探测机 制, 调整复用报文的路径最大传输单元。
[6] 如权利要求 4所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述根据检测结果调整当前复用报 文的路径最大传输单元的方法具体包括:
若确定复用报文被分片, 则保持所述当前复用报文的路径最大传输单元传 输所述复用报文, 或以减小探测报文调整幅值的方式, 继续通过所述主动 探测机制, 调整复用报文的路径最大传输单元。
[7] 如权利要求 4所述的方法, 其特征在于, 若所述接收到的回应报文中包含转 发节点的最大传输单元, 则根据所述转发节点的最大传输单元调整探测报 文的路径最大传输单元进行探测。
[8] 如权利要求 3所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述被动检测机制具体包括: 所述复用报文的转发节点判断是否需要对接收的复用报文分片; 在需要对复用报文进行分片吋, 发送回应报文给首节点。
[9] 如权利要求 8所述的方法, 其特征在于, 若所述回应报文中包含转发节点的 最大传输单元, 则根据所述转发节点的最大传输单元调整当前复用报文的 路径最大传输单元。
[10] 如权利要求 4或 8所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法还包括:
转发节点在接收到设置有所述不可分片标志的复用报文后, 判断是否需要 对复用报文分片, 并根据所述判断结果发送相应的回应报文。
[11] 一种复用报文发送节点, 其特征在于, 包括:
分片检测模块, 用于检测发送的复用报文是否被分片;
路径最大传输单元调整模块, 用于接收所述分片检测模块的检测结果, 根 据所述检测结果调整当前复用报文的路径最大传输单元。
[12] 如权利要求 11所述的节点, 其特征在于, 所述分片检测模块具体包括: 回应报文接收子模块, 用于接收回应报文;
回应报文分析子模块, 用于根据所述接收的回应报文判断发送的复用报文 是否被分片。
[13] 如权利要求 11所述的节点, 其特征在于, 还包括:
不可分片标志设置模块, 用于为发送的复用报文设置不可分片标志。
[14] 如权利要求 11所述的节点, 其特征在于, 还包括:
路径最大传输单元初始值设置模块, 用于设置首次发送复用报文吋的路径 最大传输单元。
[15] 一种复用报文转发节点, 其特征在于, 包括:
分片判断模块, 用于根据接收的复用报文的路径最大传输单元及本身节点 出接口的最大传输单元判断是否需要对所述复用报文分片; 回应报文发送模块, 用于接收所述分片判断模块的判断结果, 并根据所述 判断结果发送相应的回应报文。
[16] 如权利要求 15所述的节点, 其特征在于, 所述回应报文发送模块具体包括 回应报文发送子模块一, 用于在所述判断结果为不需要分片吋发送正确回 应报文; 和 /或,
回应报文发送子模块二, 用于在所述判断结果为需要分片吋发送表示出错 的回应报文。
[17] 一种传输复用报文的系统, 其特征在于, 包括多个节点, 其中包括: 复用报文发送节点, 用于检测复用报文是否可能被分片, 并调整复用报文 的路径最大传输单元; 及
复用报文转发节点, 用于转发复用报文, 并根据所述复用报文的长度及本 身节点出接口的最大传输单元判断是否需要对报文进行分片, 并根据判断 结果转发报文或发送回应报文给所述复用报文发送节点。
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