WO2009006804A1 - Procédé de transmission de flux de données de service de diffusion multimédia mobile et une trame de multiplexage de transmission - Google Patents

Procédé de transmission de flux de données de service de diffusion multimédia mobile et une trame de multiplexage de transmission Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009006804A1
WO2009006804A1 PCT/CN2008/070872 CN2008070872W WO2009006804A1 WO 2009006804 A1 WO2009006804 A1 WO 2009006804A1 CN 2008070872 W CN2008070872 W CN 2008070872W WO 2009006804 A1 WO2009006804 A1 WO 2009006804A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
multiplex
block
service data
multiplex block
multiplexing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2008/070872
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Daxiong Xie
Xiangbiao Yan
Biao Wang
Yuanli Fang
Jianqiang Zhang
Original Assignee
Zte Corporation
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Publication date
Application filed by Zte Corporation filed Critical Zte Corporation
Priority to US12/668,246 priority Critical patent/US20100118760A1/en
Publication of WO2009006804A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009006804A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0078—Avoidance of errors by organising the transmitted data in a format specifically designed to deal with errors, e.g. location
    • H04L1/0083—Formatting with frames or packets; Protocol or part of protocol for error control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/02—Details
    • H04L12/16—Arrangements for providing special services to substations
    • H04L12/18—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast
    • H04L12/189—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast in combination with wireless systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/61—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio
    • H04L65/611—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio for multicast or broadcast
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/65—Network streaming protocols, e.g. real-time transport protocol [RTP] or real-time control protocol [RTCP]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/70—Media network packetisation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/236—Assembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. transport stream, by combining a video stream with other content or additional data, e.g. inserting a URL [Uniform Resource Locator] into a video stream, multiplexing software data into a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Insertion of stuffing bits into the multiplex stream, e.g. to obtain a constant bit-rate; Assembling of a packetised elementary stream
    • H04N21/2368—Multiplexing of audio and video streams
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/434—Disassembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. demultiplexing audio and video streams, extraction of additional data from a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Extraction or processing of SI; Disassembling of packetised elementary stream
    • H04N21/4341—Demultiplexing of audio and video streams
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/30—Resource management for broadcast services
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L2001/0092—Error control systems characterised by the topology of the transmission link
    • H04L2001/0093—Point-to-multipoint

Definitions

  • the present invention belongs to the field of mobile multimedia broadcast technologies, and in particular, to a method for transmitting a mobile multimedia broadcast service data stream and a multiplexing frame for transmission.
  • Mobile multimedia broadcasting is a multimedia playback technology that has emerged in recent years. With a handheld terminal, you can watch multimedia services such as TV at high speed.
  • the terminal receives the multimedia service program list through the wireless broadcast channel, and can select the channel that has the right to watch, and accepts the multimedia data of the selected channel, thereby realizing watching TV on the mobile terminal.
  • the multiplexed frame structure is the second part of the series of standards, which includes the payload, and the multiplexed frame header composed of the length information and media parameters.
  • the multiplex frame defines the encapsulation format of the data stream.
  • One multiplex frame consists of multiple multiplexed subframes, and the number of multiplexed subframes is included in the multiplex frame header.
  • the content of one multimedia broadcast service is encapsulated in each multiplex subframe, and its structure is as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the multiplex subframe includes a multiplex subframe header, a video segment, an audio segment, and a data segment.
  • the video segment is encapsulated by multiple video units; as shown in Figure 2 (b), the audio segment is encapsulated by multiple audio units; as shown in Figure 2 (c), A data segment is encapsulated by multiple data units.
  • the video unit, the audio unit, and the data unit are the smallest units in the existing data stream encapsulation method.
  • the data of all the units of the video segment/audio segment/data segment needs to be discarded, that is, only The unit of the erroneous part is discarded, resulting in error diffusion, which greatly affects the transmission efficiency and fault tolerance of the multimedia broadcast system.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a mobile multimedia broadcast service data stream.
  • the transmission method and the multiplexing frame for transmission can improve the transmission efficiency and fault tolerance of the multimedia broadcasting system.
  • the present invention provides a method for transmitting a data stream of a mobile multimedia broadcast service, comprising the steps of: carrying a service data packet of a mobile multimedia broadcast system by using one or more multiplexing blocks; and packaging the above multiplex block as a load in a service data packet
  • the foregoing multiplexing block includes a header and a payload, where the header includes a start code and a location mark, the start code is used to identify a start of the multiplexing block, and the location mark indicates that the current multiplexing block is a service data.
  • the first multiplex block or the last multiplex block of the packet includes a header and a payload, where the header includes a start code and a location mark, the start code is used to identify a start of the multiplexing block, and the location mark indicates that the current multiplexing block is a service data.
  • the first multiplex block or the last multiplex block of the packet is a service data.
  • the location mark is divided into a start tag and an end tag, the start tag is used to mark the first multiplex block, and the end tag is used to mark Mark the last multiplex block.
  • the above method is particularly directed to mobile multimedia broadcast service data packets transmitted in accordance with a real-time transport protocol.
  • the multiplex block further includes one or more of the following information: a type of the bearer service data, indicating a type of the multiplex block carrying the service data stream; a load length information of the multiplex block, indicating a length of the multiplex block load;
  • the fault tolerance information is used by the terminal to perform fault tolerance and verification on the service data packet carried by the multiplex block.
  • the present invention further provides a method for transmitting a data stream of a mobile multimedia broadcast service, comprising the following steps:
  • the transmitting end uses one or more multiplexing blocks to carry the service data packet of the mobile multimedia broadcasting system; the above multiplexing block is used as a payload, and the video, audio, or data of the mobile multimedia broadcasting standard multiplexing frame corresponding to the service data packet is encapsulated.
  • the video unit, the audio unit, or the data unit is then encapsulated in a multiplexed subframe, and the multiplexed subframe is formed into a multiplexed frame, and transmitted through the mobile multimedia broadcast network;
  • the receiving end After receiving the multiplexed frame from the physical channel, the receiving end parses the video unit or the audio unit or the data unit; parses the multiplex block in the video unit or the audio unit or the data unit to obtain a service data packet; The terminal implements the upper layer application by using the service data packet obtained by parsing the multiplexing block.
  • the present invention further provides a multiplexing frame for transmitting a mobile multimedia broadcast service data stream, where the multiplexing frame is composed of a multiplexing subframe, and each multiplexing subframe is used for carrying a video unit. , audio unit or data unit, where:
  • the payload of the video unit, audio unit or data unit comprises one or more multiplexing blocks, the one or more multiplexing blocks being used to carry service data packets of the mobile multimedia broadcast system, wherein each multiplexing block comprises a header and a load, the header includes a start code and a location mark, the start code is used to identify a start of a multiplexing block, and the location mark is used to indicate that the current multiplexing block is the first of the service data packet Multiple multiplex blocks or the last multiplex block.
  • the present invention proposes a method for transmitting a mobile multimedia broadcast service data stream in a mobile multimedia broadcast network, in which a video unit, an audio unit or a data unit is encapsulated by one or more multiplex blocks, each multiplex block Isolation by the start code boundary to achieve error isolation; multiple multiplex blocks are used to transmit one multimedia service data packet by multiplexing block marks; multiplex block type is also proposed for mobile multimedia broadcast multiplex frame structure design Therefore, the mobile multimedia broadcasting system has the characteristics of high transmission efficiency and good fault tolerance.
  • the head of the multiplex block structure is relatively small in the method, and the performance of the multimedia broadcast transmission is guaranteed.
  • 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multiplex subframe
  • Figure 2 (a) is a schematic structural diagram of a video segment
  • Figure 2 (b) is a schematic structural view of an audio segment
  • Figure 2 (c) is a schematic structural diagram of a data segment
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a multiplexing block in this embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a multiplexing block in an application example. Preferred embodiment of the invention
  • the main idea of the present invention is to use one or more multiplexing blocks to carry service data packets of a mobile multimedia broadcast system, in particular, data packets transmitted according to a real-time transmission protocol, each multiplex block containing at least a start code and a location mark,
  • the multiplex block is then encapsulated as a payload into a corresponding service data unit, ie, a video unit, an audio unit, or a data unit, and then the service data unit is encapsulated into a multiplex subframe of a mobile multimedia broadcast standard multiplex frame structure, and then multiplexed.
  • Subframes form a multiplexed frame for transmission over a mobile multimedia broadcast network.
  • a method for transmitting a data stream of a mobile multimedia broadcast service includes the following steps: Step 1. Using a service data packet carried by one or more multiplexing blocks, in particular, a service data packet transmitted according to a real-time transmission protocol,
  • the multiplexing block includes a multiplexing block header and a load, wherein the multiplexing block header includes at least a start code and a position mark, and may also include one or more of the following information: length information, type, fault tolerance information;
  • the length information of the multiplex block is set according to the requirements set by the multimedia broadcast system.
  • the multiplex block is used to carry the service data packet of the mobile multimedia broadcast.
  • the location tag of the multiplex block is set as an end tag; when the service data packet length of the mobile multimedia broadcast is greater than the multiplexing load length of the multiplex block, the service of the mobile multimedia broadcast is carried by using two or more multiplex blocks.
  • Step 2 The one or more multiplexing blocks are encapsulated in a corresponding video unit, an audio unit, or a data unit according to a definition of a video unit, an audio unit, and a data unit according to a mobile multimedia broadcast standard;
  • the video unit is encapsulated by one or more multiplex blocks carrying video packets of the same time stamp; for mobile multimedia broadcast audio data packets using the real-time transport protocol, The audio unit is encapsulated by one or more multiplex blocks carrying the same time stamp and carrying audio data packets; for data units, there is no time stamp limitation, and may be encapsulated by one multiplex block.
  • Step 3 The video unit, the audio unit, or the data unit is encapsulated into a multiplex subframe according to a mobile multimedia broadcast standard multiplex frame structure, and then multiple multiplex subframes are combined into a multiplex frame, and the data is transmitted through the mobile multimedia broadcast network. transmission.
  • the receiving process at the receiving end is the reverse process corresponding to the sending, and includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 The terminal receives the multiplexed frame from the physical channel according to the multiplexing standard of the mobile multimedia broadcast, parses the video segment, the audio segment or the data segment in the multiplexed subframe, and further parses the video unit, the audio unit or the data unit;
  • Step 2 parsing the multiplex block in the video unit or the audio unit or the data unit according to the definition of the multiplex block in this document, to obtain service data;
  • the method includes: locating the multiplex block by using a start code of the multiplex block, and checking the integrity of the multiplex block by using the multiplex block length and the CRC, especially when a multiplex block has an error, passing the start code
  • the search can locate the next multiplex block, which can avoid error diffusion, reduce data loss, and improve transmission efficiency.
  • the multiplex block bearer service data is further combined with the location tag to obtain a large service data packet.
  • Step 3 The terminal uses the service data obtained by parsing the multiplex block to implement the upper layer application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a multiplexing block used in a method for transmitting a data stream of a mobile multimedia broadcast service according to the embodiment, which includes a header and a payload, where the header includes a start code, a location mark, and a length. Information, type, and fault tolerance information, and fault tolerance information is omitted from the figure. among them:
  • the start code used to identify the beginning of the multiplex block, is the first part of the multiplex block header, which may occupy the first byte of the multiplex block or may occupy multiple bytes.
  • the start The code occupies 8 bits and takes a fixed value.
  • the start code is also the boundary of the multiplex block in the video unit, the audio unit, and the data unit, and is used to locate and divide the multiplex block.
  • the terminal can implement the integrity of the multiplex block by checking the start code and length.
  • the location tag is used when the mobile multimedia broadcast receives the reassembled service data packet, which indicates whether the same service data packet is divided into one or more multiplex blocks.
  • the location tag also indicates that the current multiplex block is the first multiplex block or the last multiplex block that constitutes the same service data.
  • the location tag is further divided into a start tag and an end tag, and the start tag is used to describe The first multiplex block, the end tag is used to describe the last multiplex block.
  • Length information which refers to the payload length of the multiplex block, in bytes.
  • Type refers to the type of multiplex block carrying service data flow. In this embodiment, it is used to distinguish whether a multiplex block is divided by an audio stream or a video stream, or a multiplex block that is divided into data streams.
  • the load of the multiplex block that is, the service data packet carried in the multiplex block.
  • the payload of the multiplexing block in this embodiment may be an audio data packet or a video data packet or a data packet.
  • the fault tolerance information is used by the terminal to perform fault tolerance and verification on the service data packet carried by the multiplex block.
  • the CRC is used.
  • FIG. 4 shows a detailed use case of this embodiment:
  • the multiplex block is composed of a multiplex block header and a multiplex block payload, wherein the multiplex block header is composed of a start code, a start tag, an end tag, a payload length, and a CRC, where:
  • Start code 8-bit field, identifies the first byte of the multiplex block, and the value is fixed to 0x55;
  • the start tag a 1-bit field, identifies whether the current multiplex block is the beginning of the video unit/audio unit/data unit, and if it is the first multiplex block of the video unit/audio unit/data unit, the flag position is 1, If it is not the first multiplex block of the video unit/audio unit/data unit, the mark position is 0;
  • End tag a 1-bit field that identifies whether the current multiplex block is the end of the video unit/audio unit/data unit, and if it is the last multiplex block of the video unit/audio unit/data unit, the flag position is 1, if not The last multiplex block of the video unit/audio unit/data unit will have the marker position at 0;
  • Table 1 multiplex block type 01 multiplex block carrying audio
  • Payload length 12-bit field, identifies the payload length, in bytes
  • CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check Code
  • 8-bit field CRC for the multiplex block header that does not contain the CRC.
  • the overhead of the above multiplex block structure includes start code 8 bits, position mark 2 bits, type 2 bits, length information 12 bits, data unit type 8 bits, CRC8 bits, up to 40 bits, and more in the European digital television DVB standard. Compared with the 96-bit overhead of the protocol encapsulation, it has higher encapsulation and transmission efficiency.
  • the video unit, the audio unit or the data unit is encapsulated by one or more multiplexing blocks, and each multiplex block is separated by a start code boundary, and an error of any multiplex block does not affect other complex Blocks are used to achieve error isolation; in addition, multiple multiplex blocks are used to transmit one multimedia service data packet by multiplexing block marks; and for multiplexing frame structure design of mobile multimedia broadcast, a multiplex block type is also proposed, thereby
  • the mobile multimedia broadcasting system is guaranteed to have high transmission efficiency and good fault tolerance.
  • the head overhead of the multiplex block structure in the method is relatively small, and the performance of the multimedia broadcast transmission is guaranteed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
  • Time-Division Multiplex Systems (AREA)

Description

移动多媒体广播业务数据流的传输方法及传输用的复用帧
技术领域
本发明属于移动多媒体广播技术领域， 特别涉及到一种移动多媒体广播 业务数据流的传输方法以及用于传输的复用帧。
背景技术
移动多媒体广播是近年来兴起的一种广播方式的多媒体播放技术。 通过 手持的终端， 在高速移动的情况下， 可以观看电视等多媒体业务。 终端通过 无线广播信道， 接收到多媒体业务节目单， 并可以选择自己有权利收看的频 道， 接受选择频道的多媒体数据， 从而实现在移动终端上看电视。
目前移动多媒体广播系统可釆用多种数据传输方法， 常见的有传输流、 多协议封装、 IP数据封装等。 在中国的移动多媒体广播系统中， 复用帧结构 是系列标准的第二部分， 它包括有效负荷， 以及长度信息和媒体参数等内容 组成的复用帧帧头。 复用帧定义了数据流的封装格式， 一个复用帧由多个复 用子帧组成， 复用子帧的数量包含在复用帧头中。
其中每个复用子帧中封装一个多媒体广播业务的内容， 其结构如图 1所 示， 复用子帧包括复用子帧头、 视频段、 音频段以及数据段。 其中如图 2 ( a ) 所示， 视频段由多个视频单元封装而成； 如图 2 ( b )所示， 音频段由多个音 频单元封装而成； 如图 2 ( c )所示， 数据段由多个数据单元封装而成。
由上可知， 视频单元、 音频单元、 数据单元是现有数据流封装方法中的 最小单元。 当数据传输发生错误时， 由于视频单元、 音频单元、 数据单元与 其相邻的单元之间无明显的边界区分，需要将视频段 /音频段 /数据段的所有单 元的数据丟弃， 即无法仅丟弃出错部分的单元， 从而导致错误扩散， 极大地 影响了多媒体广播系统的传输效率以及容错性。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是， 提供一种移动多媒体广播业务数据流的 传输方法及传输用的复用帧，可以提高多媒体广播系统的传输效率及容错性。 本发明提供一种移动多媒体广播业务数据流的发送方法，包括以下步骤： 使用一个或多个复用块承载移动多媒体广播系统的业务数据包； 将上述复用块作为负载封装在与业务数据包相应的移动多媒体广播标准 复用帧的视频、 或者音频、 或者数据单元中， 然后将所述的视频单元、 或音 频单元、 或数据单元封装在复用子帧中， 再将复用子帧组成复用帧， 通过移 动多媒体广播网络传送。 进一步地， 上述复用块包括头部和负载， 其中头部包括起始码和位置标 记， 所述起始码用于标识复用块的开始， 所述位置标记表明当前复用块是业 务数据包的第一个复用块或者最后一个复用块。
进一步地， 当多个复用块承载移动多媒体广播系统的业务数据包时， 所 述位置标记分为起始标记和结束标记， 起始标记用于标记第一个复用块， 结 束标记用于标记最后一个复用块。
进一步地， 上述方法特别针对按实时传输协议传输的移动多媒体广播业 务数据包。
所述复用块还包括以下信息中的一种或几种： 承载业务数据的类型， 表 示复用块承载业务数据流的类型； 复用块的负载长度信息， 表示复用块负载 的长度； 容错性信息， 用于终端对复用块承载的业务数据包进行容错和校验。
为了解决上述技术问题， 本发明还提供了一种移动多媒体广播业务数据 流的传输方法， 包括以下步骤：
发送端使用一个或多个复用块承载移动多媒体广播系统的业务数据包； 将上述复用块作为负载封装在与业务数据包相应的移动多媒体广播标准复用 帧的视频、 或者音频、 或者数据单元中， 然后将所述的视频单元、 音频单元 或数据单元封装在复用子帧中， 再将复用子帧组成复用帧， 通过移动多媒体 广播网络传送；
接收端从物理信道接收复用帧后， 解析得到视频单元或音频单元或数据 单元； 解析视频单元或音频单元或数据单元中的复用块， 得到业务数据包； 终端利用解析复用块得到的业务数据包实现上层应用。
为了解决上述技术问题， 本发明还提供了一种用于传输移动多媒体广播 业务数据流的复用帧， 所述复用帧由复用子帧组成， 每个复用子帧用于承载 视频单元、 音频单元或数据单元， 其中：
所述视频单元、 音频单元或数据单元的负载包含一个或多个复用块， 所 述一个或多个复用块用于承载移动多媒体广播系统的业务数据包， 其中， 每 个复用块包括头部和负载， 所述头部包括起始码和位置标记， 所述起始码用 于标识复用块的开始， 所述位置标记用于表明当前复用块是该业务数据包的 第一个复用块或者最后一个复用块。
本发明在移动多媒体广播网络中提出了一种移动多媒体广播业务数据流 的传输方法， 该方法中视频单元、 音频单元或者数据单元由一个或多个复用 块封装而成， 每个复用块由起始码分界隔离， 从而实现错误隔离； 通过复用 块标记， 实现多个复用块传输一个多媒体业务数据包； 针对移动多媒体广播 的复用帧结构设计， 还特别提出了复用块类型， 从而保证了移动多媒体广播 系统具有传输效率高、 容错性好的特点。 另外该方法中复用块结构的头部开 销比较小， 保证了多媒体广播传输的性能。 附图概述
图 1为复用子帧的结构示意图；
图 2 ( a )为视频段的结构示意图；
图 2 ( b )为音频段的结构示意图；
图 2 ( c )为数据段的结构示意图；
图 3为本实施例中复用块的结构示意图；
图 4为应用实例中复用块的结构示意图。 本发明的较佳实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。
本发明的主要构思是， 使用一个或多个复用块承载移动多媒体广播系统 的业务数据包， 特别是按实时传输协议传输的数据包， 每个复用块至少包含 起始码和位置标记， 然后将复用块作为负载封装成相应的业务数据单元， 即 视频单元、 音频单元或者数据单元， 然后将业务数据单元封装成移动多媒体 广播标准复用帧结构的复用子帧， 再将复用子帧组成复用帧， 通过移动多媒 体广播网络进行传送。
本实施例， 一种移动多媒体广播业务数据流的传输方法， 包括以下步骤： 步骤 1、 使用一个或多个复用块承载的业务数据包， 特别是按实时传输 协议传输的业务数据包， 每个复用块包括复用块头和负载， 其中复用块头至 少包含起始码和位置标记， 还可以包含以下信息的一种或多种： 长度信息、 类型、 容错信息；
其中复用块的长度信息根据多媒体广播系统设置的要求设置， 当移动多 媒体广播的业务数据包长度小于等于复用块的复用负载长度时， 使用一个复 用块承载移动多媒体广播的业务数据包， 并且该复用块的位置标记置为结束 标记； 当移动多媒体广播的业务数据包长度大于复用块的复用负载长度时， 使用两个或者两个以上复用块承载移动多媒体广播的业务数据包， 最后一个 复用块的位置标记置为结束标记。
步骤 2、 按照移动多媒广播标准对视频单元、 音频单元和数据单元的定 义， 将上述一个或者多个复用块封装在相应的视频单元、 音频单元或者数据 单元中；
对于使用实时传输协议的移动多媒体广播视频数据包， 视频单元由具有 相同时戳的承载视频数据包的一个或者多个复用块封装而成； 对于使用实时 传输协议的移动多媒体广播音频数据包， 音频单元由具有相同时戳的承载音 频数据包的一个或者多个复用块封装而成； 对于数据单元由于没有时戳的限 制， 可以由一个复用块封装而成。 步骤 3、 将上述视频单元、 音频单元或者数据单元， 按照移动多媒体广 播标准复用帧结构封装成复用子帧， 再将多个复用子帧组成复用帧， 通过移 动多媒体广播网络进行数据传输。
接收端的接收过程是对应发送的反过程， 包括以下步骤：
步骤一、 终端按照移动多媒体广播的复用标准从物理信道接收复用帧， 解析得到复用子帧中的视频段、 音频段或数据段， 进一步解析得到视频单元、 音频单元或数据单元；
步骤二、 按照本文中对复用块的定义解析视频单元或音频单元或数据单 元中的复用块， 得到业务数据；
包括： 使用复用块的起始码对复用块定位， 并结合复用块长度和 CRC对 复用块的完整性进行检查， 特别是当一个复用块有错误的时候， 通过起始码 的查找可以定位下一个复用块， 可以避免错误扩散， 减少数据的丟失， 提高 传输效率。 进一步结合位置标记对复用块承载业务数据进行合并， 获得大的 业务数据包。
步骤三、 终端利用解析复用块得到的业务数据实现上层应用。
图 3所示为本实施例中， 一种移动多媒体广播业务数据流的传输方法所 使用的复用块的结构示意图， 它包括头部和负载， 其中头部包括起始码、 位 置标记、 长度信息、 类型和容错信息， 图中省略了容错信息。 其中：
起始码， 用于标识复用块的开始， 是复用块头部的第一部分， 它可以占 用复用块的首个字节， 也可以占用多个字节， 本实施例中， 起始码占用 8比 特位， 取固定值。 起始码除了作为复用块的开始， 也是视频单元、 音频单元、 数据单元中复用块的边界， 用于定位和划分复用块。 另外在提取视频单元、 音频单元、 数据单元中的复用块时， 终端可以通过检查起始码和长度实现复 用块的完整性。
位置标记， 用于移动多媒体广播接收重组业务数据包时使用， 它表明同 一业务数据包分成一个还是多个复用块。 当业务数据包分成多个复用块时， 位置标记还表明当前复用块是组成同一业务数据的第一个复用块或者最后一 个复用块， 这种情况下， 位置标记又分为起始标记和结束标记， 起始标记用 于描述第一个复用块， 结束标记用于描述最后一个复用块。
长度信息， 指复用块的负载长度， 单位为字节。
类型， 指复用块承载业务数据流的类型。 本实施例中， 用来区分是由音 频流或者视频流分割成的复用块， 还是由数据流分割成的复用块。
负载， 指复用块的负载， 即复用块中承载的业务数据包。 本实施例中复 用块的负载可以是音频数据包或者视频数据包或者数据包。
容错性信息， 用于终端对复用块承载的业务数据包进行容错和校验， 本 实施例中釆用 CRC。
图 4为本实施例的一种详细使用情况：
复用块由复用块头和复用块净荷组成， 其中复用块头由起始码、 起始标 记、 结束标记、 净荷长度和 CRC组成， 其中：
起始码， 8位字段， 标识复用块的首字节， 取值固定为 0x55;
起始标记， 1位字段， 标识当前复用块是否是视频单元 /音频单元 /数据单 元的开始，如果是视频单元 /音频单元 /数据单元的第一个复用块则将标记位置 为 1 , 如果不是视频单元 /音频单元 /数据单元的第一个复用块则将标记位置为 0;
结束标记， 1位字段， 标识当前复用块是否是视频单元 /音频单元 /数据单 元的结尾，如果是视频单元 /音频单元 /数据单元的最后一个复用块则将标记位 置为 1 , 如果不是视频单元 /音频单元 /数据单元的最后一个复用块则将标记位 置为 0;
类型， 2位字段， 定义见下表
表 1 复用块类型
Figure imgf000008_0001
01 承载音频的复用块
10 承载数据的复用块
11 保留
净荷长度， 12位字段， 标识净荷长度， 单位是字节；
数据单元类型， 8位可选字段， 仅当复用块类型为 '10， 时有效；
CRC (循环冗余校验码 ) , 8位字段，对不包含 CRC的复用块头的 CRC。
上述复用块结构的开销包括起始码 8位、 位置标记 2位、 类型 2位、 长 度信息 12位， 数据单元类型 8位， CRC8位， 最多 40位， 和欧洲数字电视 DVB标准中的多协议封装的 96位开销相比， 具有更高的封装和传输效率。
本实施例中， 当终端解析视频单元、 音频单元或者数据单元时， 任一复 用块发生的错误不会影响到其它复用块， 即实现了错误隔离； 针对移动多媒 体广播的复用帧结构设计， 本实施例， 特别提出的复用块类型， 保证了移动 多媒体广播系统具有传输效率高、 容错性好的特点。
工业实用性
本发明方法中视频单元、 音频单元或者数据单元由一个或多个复用块封 装而成， 每个复用块由起始码分界隔离， 任一复用块发生的错误不会影响到 其它复用块， 从而实现错误隔离； 另外， 通过复用块标记， 实现多个复用块 传输一个多媒体业务数据包； 针对移动多媒体广播的复用帧结构设计， 还特 别提出了复用块类型， 从而保证了移动多媒体广播系统具有传输效率高、 容 错性好的特点。 另外该方法中复用块结构的头部开销比较小， 保证了多媒体 广播传输的性能。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种移动多媒体广播业务数据流的发送方法， 其特征在于， 使用一个或多个复用块承载移动多媒体广播系统的业务数据包； 将上述复用块作为负载封装在与业务数据包相应的移动多媒体广播标准 复用帧的视频、 或者音频、 或者数据单元中， 然后将所述的视频单元、 或音 频单元、 或数据单元封装在复用子帧中， 再将复用子帧组成复用帧， 通过移 动多媒体广播网络传送。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述复用块包括头部和负载， 其中头部包括起始码和位置标记， 所述起始码用于标识复用块的开始， 所述 位置标记表明当前复用块是该业务数据包的第一个复用块或者最后一个复用 块。
3、 如权利要求 2所述的方法，其特征在于， 当多个复用块承载移动多媒 体广播系统的业务数据包时， 所述位置标记分为起始标记和结束标记， 起始 标记用于标记第一个复用块， 结束标记用于标记最后一个复用块。
4、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的方法，其特征在于， 所述移动多媒体广播业 务数据包是按实时传输协议传输的。
5、 如权利要求 1或 2或 3所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述复用块还包括 以下信息中的一种或几种：
承载业务数据的类型， 表示复用块承载业务数据流的类型； 复用块的负载长度信息， 表示复用块负载的长度；
容错性信息， 用于终端对复用块承载的业务数据包进行容错和校验。
6、 一种移动多媒体广播业务数据流的传输方法， 其特征在于， 发送端使用一个或多个复用块承载移动多媒体广播系统的业务数据包； 将上述复用块作为负载封装在与业务数据包相应的移动多媒体广播标准复用 帧的视频、 或者音频、 或者数据单元中， 然后将所述的视频单元、 或音频单 元、 或数据单元封装在复用子帧中， 再将复用子帧组成复用帧， 通过移动多 媒体广播网络传送； 接收端从物理信道接收复用帧后， 解析得到视频单元或音频单元或数据 单元； 解析视频单元或音频单元或数据单元中的复用块， 得到业务数据包； 终端利用解析复用块得到的业务数据包实现上层应用。
7、 如权利要求 6所述的方法， 其特征在于，
所述复用块包括头部和负载， 其中头部包括起始码和位置标记， 所述起 始码用于标识复用块的开始， 所述位置标记用于表明当前复用块是该业务数 据包的第一个复用块或者最后一个复用块；
终端解析得到复用块后， 使用复用块的起始码对复用块定位。
8、 如权利要求 7所述的方法， 其特征在于， 当多个复用块承载移动多媒体广播系统的业务数据包时， 所述位置标记 分为起始标记和结束标记， 起始标记用于标记第一个复用块， 结束标记用于 标记最后一个复用块；
终端解析得到复用块后， 结合位置标记对复用块承载的业务数据进行合 并， 获得业务数据包。
9、 如权利要求 6或 7或 8所述的方法， 其特征在于，
所述复用块还包括以下信息中的一种或几种： 承载业务数据的类型， 用 于表示复用块承载业务数据流的类型； 复用块的负载长度信息， 用于表示复 用块负载的长度； 容错性信息， 用于终端对复用块承载的业务数据包进行容 错和校验；
终端解析得到复用块后， 如果所述复用块中包含复用块的负载长度信息 和容错性信息 , 则结合所述复用块的负载长度信息和容错性信息对复用块的 完整性进行检查。
10、 一种用于传输移动多媒体广播业务数据流的复用帧， 所述复用帧由 复用子帧组成， 每个复用子帧用于承载视频单元、 音频单元或数据单元， 其 特征在于，
所述视频单元、 音频单元或数据单元的负载包含一个或多个复用块， 所 述一个或多个复用块用于承载移动多媒体广播系统的业务数据包， 其中， 每 个复用块包括头部和负载， 所述头部包括起始码和位置标记， 所述起始码用 于标识复用块的开始， 所述位置标记用于表明当前复用块是该业务数据包的 第一个复用块或者最后一个复用块。
11、 如权利要求 10所述的复用帧，其特征在于， 当多个复用块承载移动 多媒体广播系统的业务数据包时， 所述位置标记分为起始标记和结束标记， 起始标记用于标记第一个复用块， 结束标记用于标记最后一个复用块。
12、 如权利要求 10或 11所述的复用帧， 其特征在于， 所述复用块还包 括以下信息中的一种或几种：
承载业务数据的类型， 表示复用块承载业务数据流的类型；
复用块的负载长度信息， 表示复用块负载的长度；
容错性信息， 用于终端对复用块承载的业务数据包进行容错和校验。
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CN1960328A (zh) * 2006-08-14 2007-05-09 中兴通讯股份有限公司 一种移动多媒体广播实时流的封装方法
CN1972408A (zh) * 2006-11-30 2007-05-30 中兴通讯股份有限公司 一种移动多媒体广播系统的数据传送方法
CN101087430A (zh) * 2007-07-11 2007-12-12 中兴通讯股份有限公司 一种移动多媒体广播业务数据流的传输方法

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