WO2009005392A1 - Mammographe informatisé à impédance électrique - Google Patents

Mammographe informatisé à impédance électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009005392A1
WO2009005392A1 PCT/RU2007/000651 RU2007000651W WO2009005392A1 WO 2009005392 A1 WO2009005392 A1 WO 2009005392A1 RU 2007000651 W RU2007000651 W RU 2007000651W WO 2009005392 A1 WO2009005392 A1 WO 2009005392A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
measuring
electrodes
injection
computer
electric impedance
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RU2007/000651
Other languages
English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Alexander Yurievich Karpov
Fedor Nikolaevich Karpov
Yury Anatolevich Tsofin
Original Assignee
Obschestvo S Ogranichenoy Otvetstvennostyu Proizvodstvenno-Kommercheskaya Firma 'sovremennaya Impedansnaya Meditsinskaya Tekhnika'
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Obschestvo S Ogranichenoy Otvetstvennostyu Proizvodstvenno-Kommercheskaya Firma 'sovremennaya Impedansnaya Meditsinskaya Tekhnika' filed Critical Obschestvo S Ogranichenoy Otvetstvennostyu Proizvodstvenno-Kommercheskaya Firma 'sovremennaya Impedansnaya Meditsinskaya Tekhnika'
Priority to EA200900233A priority Critical patent/EA012006B1/ru
Priority to CN2007800422853A priority patent/CN101534709B/zh
Publication of WO2009005392A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009005392A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves 
    • A61B5/053—Measuring electrical impedance or conductance of a portion of the body
    • A61B5/0536—Impedance imaging, e.g. by tomography

Definitions

  • the invention relates to medical equipment and can be used for the diagnosis of both pathological and non-pathological changes in the tissues of the mammary gland, for monitoring the treatment process, as well as for screening (preliminary diagnosis with the release of “risk group”).
  • a device is known - an electric mammograph containing a two-dimensional set of electrodes located on the surface of the body, an alternating current source, a potential difference meter, an output multiplexer that connects the electrodes alternately to an alternating current source, an input multiplexer that connects the electrodes alternately to the potential difference meter and a computing device that reconstructs and visualizing the distribution of electrical conductivity inside the body according to the results measuring the potential difference (RF patent for the invention N ° 2153285, class A61 B 5 / 05,2000,).
  • the method of reverse projection along equipotential surfaces of the electric field is used, the projected data being obtained by weighted averaging of the relative difference between the reference electric field strength corresponding to a medium with uniform electrical conductivity and the measured electric field strength along the intersection line of the equipotential surface passing through the point where the reconstruction conductivity, with a surface on which there is a two-dimensional set of electrodes.
  • the computing device uses only data obtained on electrodes having sufficient contact with the body.
  • the current source is equipped with a threshold output voltage detector, which allows to determine whether the electrode currently connected to the current source is sufficient contact with the body.
  • the prototype of an electric mammograph made by the authors consists of a two-dimensional set of 256 electrodes located on a plane. Additional electrodes, previously moistened, are located on the limbs of the patient, and a two-dimensional set of electrodes is pressed against the examined mammary gland so that the plane with the electrodes is parallel to the surface of the ribs.
  • the microprocessor control device On command from a personal computer, the microprocessor control device connects, using a multiplexer, a current source to one of the set electrodes.
  • An alternating current with an amplitude of the order of 1 mA and a frequency of 10 kHz flows along the circuit: current source, multiplexer, electrode from the kit, patient body, additional electrode.
  • the measurement in digital code is transmitted to a personal computer via a communication line.
  • the measurement is repeated for all combinations of connecting electrodes.
  • a threshold a detector whose signal is recorded by a microprocessor control device and transmitted to a computer.
  • the mammogram obtained as a result of reconstruction of the measured data and visualization is a set of 7 images of chest cross-sections parallel to the plane on which the electrodes are located. The depth of the sections increases in increments of 8 mm.
  • the disadvantage of this device is that it allows you to get mammograms with low resolution visualized distribution of electrical conductivity of biological tissues of the mammary gland.
  • the main reason is the high noise level due to interchannel penetration of spurious signals and interference, the presence of the contact potential difference of dissimilar metals in the device.
  • only areas of the mammary gland with significant differences in electrical conductivity for example, tissue sites with an inflammatory process or a growing oncological tumor
  • Clinical tests of this device showed the possibility of using it as a detector of pathological diseases of the mammary gland.
  • the closest in technical essence to the claimed device is an electric impedance tomographic system for three-dimensional visualization of breast tissue (see the journal “Biomedical technologies and electronics)), N Q 8, 2003, p. 5-10).
  • the design of the electric impedance mammograph made changes to the remote electrodes, which are made in the form of a cylindrical two-section structure, parts of which are joined through a dielectric gasket.
  • the medical part of the software for the device underwent significant changes: a two-window mode for comparing mammograms was added, it became possible to highlight areas of tissue with anomalously high electrical conductivity by color, a statistical analysis of mammograms was introduced using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov nonparametric statistical criterion. Changed the operating frequency of the system to 50 kHz and the probing current to 0.5 mA.
  • the device is powered and the data on measuring the electrical conductivity of tissues is transmitted via a universal serial bus (USB) of a personal computer.
  • USB universal serial bus
  • the technical result of the claimed invention is to increase the stability of the device, improve the diagnostic properties and the information content of the electrical impedance images of the mammary gland.
  • the specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the electric impedance computer mammograph containing a housing, on the outer surface of which there are measuring electrodes, and inside the housing there is a control microprocessor connected to a personal computer, on the boards of which there are injection and measuring channels connected by communication lines to a decoder addresses and with remote electrodes of the injection and measuring channels, the injection and measuring channels are located on two tdelnyh microprocessor boards interconnected like a sandwich, all conductive parts of the measuring channel are covered with the same metal measuring electrodes are made contact, and the remote electrodes - contact helium.
  • the injection channel contains a secondary voltage source, injection multiplexers, a threshold detector, an alternator and a digital-to-analog converter
  • the measuring channel contains a secondary voltage source, measuring multiplexers, filtering circuit, potential difference meter and analog-to-digital converter.
  • the secondary voltage source is made in the form of a DC-DC converter.
  • the electrical impedance computer mammograph is equipped with a secondary signal filter implemented in a computer program.
  • An electric impedance computer mammograph containing a housing made of thermoplastic plastic, on the outer flat surface of which there is a matrix with measuring electrodes, each such electrode comprising a housing inside which a sleeve is fixed, and a spring-loaded rod mounted in the sleeve with the possibility of movement.
  • the design of such an electrode is described in the patent of the Russian Federation for utility model NQ 48743, class. A61B 5/05, 2005.
  • the matrix includes 256 cylindrical measuring electrodes. The electrodes are located in nodes of a circle with a diameter of 12 cm.
  • injection and measuring channels are located on two separate microprocessor boards, interconnected like a sandwich.
  • the injection channel contains a secondary voltage source, injection multiplexers, a threshold detector, an alternator, and a digital-to-analog converter.
  • the recording channel contains a secondary voltage source, measuring multiplexers, a filtering circuit, a potential difference meter and an analog-to-digital converter. Sources of secondary voltage are made in the form of DC-DC converters.
  • the microprocessor is connected to a personal computer with software designed to control the microprocessor, process the received signals, reconstruct and visualize the distribution of electrical conductivity inside the breast tissue on a computer monitor and diagnostic unit with a database of medical and statistical data and an automatic diagnostic system.
  • the device is powered and data is transmitted via the USB bus of a personal computer.
  • a secondary signal filter is also included in the circuit.
  • the remote electrodes of the measuring and injecting channels are made helium and are rigidly fixed to the patient’s body, for example, to the hand, using a snap-on latch - buttons, which ensures reliable contact with the patient’s body. All conductive parts of the measuring channel are coated with the same metal.
  • the implementation of the invention operates as follows. Prior to the measurement, helium (www.immedimd.com) remote electrodes are glued onto the patient’s hand, which is adjacent to the mammary gland, which is being diagnosed. The communication line with the microprocessor is connected to these electrodes by means of a snap-on latch - buttons, which ensures reliable contact with the patient's body. After the “Measurement” command is issued by the personal computer program, a laser sight is switched on in the geometric center of the electrode matrix, which allows precise positioning of the electrode matrix on the mammary gland.
  • the injection channel is intended for generating an AC signal, switching it to a specific contact of the electrode matrix, determining the electrode with a potential that goes beyond the necessary boundaries, adjusting the parameters of the generated signal to the individual physiological characteristics of the patient.
  • the measuring channel commutes the signal of a specific contact of the matrix of electrodes for subsequent processing, reveals a useful signal by filtering interference and adapting to the level of the induced signal, converts the analog signal to digital for mathematical processing by the processor.
  • the remote electrode of the injection channel is an integral part of the circuit: alternating current generator - injection multiplexers - electrode matrix - patient - remote electrode of the injection channel - communication line - alternating current generator.
  • the remote electrode of the measuring channel is involved in the detection system of the useful signal.
  • a communication line connects the remote electrode of the injection channel and the remote electrode of the measuring channel with the circuits of which they are components, and at the same time provides the necessary noise immunity.
  • the microprocessor determines the algorithm of the device, using the address decoder selects the connection of the desired electrode of the electrode matrix to the injection and measuring multiplexers, transmits the collected information via a communication line to a personal computer.
  • the sources of secondary voltages ensure the stability of the supply voltages for digital and analog circuits with the required level of interference and, together with the topology of the circuit boards, form independent channels for injection and measuring signals, which minimizes their mutual influence on each other and the level of induced noise.
  • the developed scanning, filtering, and primary signal processing scheme combined with the high noise immunity of the diagnostic device, allows us to successfully solve the problem of high-quality diagnosis of mammary glands of any size.
  • the implementation of the measuring electrodes of the matrix contact in combination with the coating of all the conductive parts of the measuring system with the same metal, avoided the contact potential difference and interference introduced into the recorded signals of this component.
  • remote electrodes by helium eliminated the influence of the transition resistance "external electrode - skin of the palm ”, depending on the degree of hydration, the compression force and electrical characteristics of the skin, which are significantly different for different people, since glued helium electrodes have a transition resistance that is stable in time.
  • microprocessor boards like a sandwich made it possible to minimize the effect of capturing external noise and noise, which is present when connecting flat cables in the prototype.
  • the separation of the channels of the injected and recorded signals by placing them on separate boards led to a decrease in the level of spurious components of the recorded signal.
  • a secondary signal filter was introduced, which, together with a change in the measurement algorithm, allowed us to reduce the effect of transient and inter-channel interference on the measurement results and, accordingly, on the information content of the reconstructed image;
  • the device uses DC-DC converters specialized for medical purposes, which have high stability of the output values and a low level of fluctuation of the output voltages and the best signal-to-noise ratio;
  • the super bright LED of the prototype has been replaced by a low-power red laser - a sight. This made it possible to accurately fix the matrix of electrodes, which is important for the diagnosis of large mammary glands and the need to produce more than one positioning of a microprocessor sensor on the chest.
  • the claimed invention is used in the field of medical technology and can be used to diagnose both pathological and non-pathological changes in the tissues of the mammary gland, to monitor the treatment process, as well as for screening (preliminary diagnostics with the highlight of the "risk list”).
  • the proposed technical solution allows to increase the resolution of images (mammograms) during reconstruction and visualization of the electrical conductivity distribution inside biological tissues, reduce the noise level in the recorded electrical signals, change the signal processing algorithm and use a program that allows diagnostics to be performed on the obtained three-dimensional images.

Abstract

L'invention concerne des techniques et équipements médicaux et peut s'utiliser pour diagnostiquer des changements pathologiques ou non pathologiques dans les tissus de la glande mammaire, pour surveiller un traitement et pour effectuer un criblage, ou diagnostic préliminaire visant à déterminer des groupes à risque. L'invention permet d'améliorer la stabilité de fonctionnement du dispositif, d'améliorer ses propriétés diagnostiques et de la valeur informationnelle des images de la glande mammaire. Ce mammographe informatisé à impédance électrique comprend un boîtier à la surface externe duquel on a disposé des électrodes de mesure. A l'intérieur du boîtier on a disposé un microprocesseur de commande connecté à un ordinateur personnel sur les cartes duquel on a ménagé des canaux d'injection et de mesure, reliés par des lignes de communication avec un dispositif de déchiffrement d'adresse et des électrodes extérieures des canaux d'injection et de mesure. Les canaux d'injection et de mesure sont disposés sur deux cartes de microprocesseur séparées, reliées dans une structure de type sandwich. Toutes les parties conductrices du canal de mesure sont recouvertes d'un métal du même type.
PCT/RU2007/000651 2007-07-05 2007-11-21 Mammographe informatisé à impédance électrique WO2009005392A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EA200900233A EA012006B1 (ru) 2007-07-05 2007-11-21 Электроимпедансный компьютерный маммограф
CN2007800422853A CN101534709B (zh) 2007-07-05 2007-11-21 电阻抗式计算机乳房摄影装置

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2007125413 2007-07-05
RU2007125413 2007-07-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009005392A1 true WO2009005392A1 (fr) 2009-01-08

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/RU2007/000651 WO2009005392A1 (fr) 2007-07-05 2007-11-21 Mammographe informatisé à impédance électrique

Country Status (3)

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CN (1) CN101534709B (fr)
EA (1) EA012006B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009005392A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU202356U1 (ru) * 2020-10-12 2021-02-12 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Восточно-Сибирский государственный университет технологий и управления" Устройство для обнаружения новообразований в молочной железе

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5588429A (en) * 1991-07-09 1996-12-31 Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Process for producing optimal current patterns for electrical impedance tomography
RU2127075C1 (ru) * 1996-12-11 1999-03-10 Корженевский Александр Владимирович Способ получения томографического изображения тела и электроимпедансный томограф
RU2141134C1 (ru) * 1992-11-24 1999-11-10 Стивен И. МакТэггарт Устройство для комбинирования звуковых и визуальных сообщений
US6167300A (en) * 1999-03-08 2000-12-26 Tci Incorporated Electric mammograph

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5588429A (en) * 1991-07-09 1996-12-31 Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Process for producing optimal current patterns for electrical impedance tomography
RU2141134C1 (ru) * 1992-11-24 1999-11-10 Стивен И. МакТэггарт Устройство для комбинирования звуковых и визуальных сообщений
RU2127075C1 (ru) * 1996-12-11 1999-03-10 Корженевский Александр Владимирович Способ получения томографического изображения тела и электроимпедансный томограф
US6167300A (en) * 1999-03-08 2000-12-26 Tci Incorporated Electric mammograph

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101534709B (zh) 2012-10-10
EA200900233A1 (ru) 2009-06-30
EA012006B1 (ru) 2009-06-30
CN101534709A (zh) 2009-09-16

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