WO2009000203A1 - Procede de transmission de donnees, entrelaceur et dispositif de communication - Google Patents

Procede de transmission de donnees, entrelaceur et dispositif de communication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009000203A1
WO2009000203A1 PCT/CN2008/071424 CN2008071424W WO2009000203A1 WO 2009000203 A1 WO2009000203 A1 WO 2009000203A1 CN 2008071424 W CN2008071424 W CN 2008071424W WO 2009000203 A1 WO2009000203 A1 WO 2009000203A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
index
sequence
index sequence
data packet
bit
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Application number
PCT/CN2008/071424
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Rongdao Yu
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Publication of WO2009000203A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009000203A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0071—Use of interleaving

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a data transmission method, an interleaver, and a communication device. Background technique
  • received signals are often subject to noise, interference, and fading in the wireless channel, sometimes with errors.
  • a convolutional code, a concatenated code, an LDPC (Low Density Parity Check) code, etc. are usually added to the communication system for error correction coding, and redundancy is added to the original data stream by coding. The remaining bits are transmitted and transmitted over the link. At the receiving end, some of the errors that occur can be corrected with this redundant information.
  • error correction coding schemes are often a good choice when errors are evenly distributed in the received data stream and equal probability occurs.
  • the level of the received signal varies greatly over time, and errors typically occur in a bursty manner.
  • the error correction encoded bits are typically interleaved prior to transmission.
  • the so-called interlacing is essentially a data processing method that achieves the maximum change of the information structure without changing the information content, so that the errors concentrated in the channel transmission process are decentralized and irregularized to the utmost extent.
  • the practical application shows that the appearance of the interleaver makes the error correction capability of the code significantly improved.
  • packet interleaving is one of the earliest interleaving methods used in channel coding, and it is also a relatively common interleaving method.
  • the interleaving matrix shown in Figure 1 is a 3 x 3 matrix. 9 data sequences with sequence numbers 1 through 9 are sequentially written in the row direction, 3 data are written in each row, and then 3 are sequentially read in the column direction. For the data, the sequence read is: 1, 4, 7, 2, 5, 8, 3, 6, 9.
  • FEC Forward Error Correction Coding
  • ARQ Automatic Repeat ReQuest
  • HARQ Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest
  • the sender uses the same FEC encoded data packet for each retransmission, the receiving end stores the wrong packet, and the decoder at the receiving end weights the transmitted packets according to the received SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio). Copy of. In this way, the time diversity gain is obtained.
  • Incremental Redundancy HARQ takes into account the time-varying nature of the wireless propagation channel. There is no or a small amount of redundancy when transferring data blocks for the first time. If the transfer fails, a retransmission is performed. The retransmitted data block is not the copy of the first transmitted data block, but the redundant part is added. At the receiving end, the two received data blocks are combined, and the coding rate is reduced to improve the coding gain.
  • the interleaving performed in the channel coding process is determined by the above interleaver through a two-step sorting process.
  • the first step is to ensure that adjacent coded bits are mapped onto non-adjacent subcarriers.
  • the second step ensures that adjacent coded bits are alternately mapped to the low or high bits of the constellation, thus avoiding the use of unreliable bits for long periods of time.
  • N cpc is the number of coded bits on each subcarrier, QPSK (Quarature Phase Shift Keying), 16-QAM (Quadature Amplitude Modulation, Quadrature amplitude modulation) or 64-QAM are 2, 4 and 6, respectively.
  • k is an index before the first step of encoding the bit (ie, an index of each bit in the data packet);
  • m k is the first step of the encoding bit after the ordering but has not passed the first The index sequence in the second step;
  • j k is the index sequence when the coded bits are sorted in the second step but not modulated.
  • the sequence number m k when the coded bits are sorted in the first step but not passed the second step can be obtained:
  • m k (N cbps /d) xk moi d + floor(k / d) ( 1 )
  • the sequence number j k when the coded bits are sorted in the second step but not subjected to the modulation map can be obtained:
  • index sequence j k is as follows:
  • the packet index k of the bit interleaving sequence number k to a position corresponding to the index J k sequences indicated, e.g., ji 20, then the data packet 1 bit interleaving index in the index to the sequence In the position 20 indicated by j1 corresponding to the sequence number 1, that is, in the bit sequence outputted after the interleaving, the bit having the index of 1 in the original packet is interleaved to the position 20.
  • the bit index output after interleaving can be obtained as follows:
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a data transmission method, an interleaver, and a communication device to improve the reliability of a communication bit during transmission of a data packet and improve communication system performance.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a data transmission method, including:
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides an interleaver, including:
  • a receiving module configured to receive an input data packet
  • a processing module configured to interleave and output the data packet received by the receiving module according to the first index sequence; and interleave and output the data packet according to the second index sequence, each index group in the second index sequence
  • the index in the same is the same as the index element in the corresponding index group in the first index sequence and the position is different.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a communication device, including:
  • An interleaver configured to interleave and output the data packet according to the first index sequence; and interleave and output the data packet according to the second index sequence, where the index in each index group in the second index sequence is The index elements in the corresponding index group in an index sequence are the same and the positions are different;
  • a modulation module configured to modulate bits output by the interleaver.
  • the embodiment of the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the data packet in the two adjacent transmissions of the data packet, the data packet is interleaved with different index sequences, and the transmission is modulated, so that the data packet is
  • the bits with the same index in the two adjacent transmissions are mapped to the bit positions of different reliability on the constellation, so that the reliability of the equalized bits in the transmission process of the data packet is realized, and the bits corresponding to an index are not always mapped.
  • the rate is relatively average, which can reduce the bit error probability of the bit to improve system performance.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an interlacing matrix
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an interleaver in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a communication device in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the data packets transmitted by the HARQ initial transmission and each retransmission may be identical. It is also possible that each of the transmitted data packets is partially identical, and for all or part of the same bits, all or part of the same bit in the interleaved bit sequence is mapped to the constellation in each transmission.
  • the same position of the same constellation point, and the reliability of each position on each constellation point is different, for example, in 64-QAM modulation, 6 bit positions b5b4b3b2blb0 at one constellation point, at these 6 bit positions Among them, b5 and b2 have the highest reliability, b4 and bl have medium reliability, and b3 and b0 have the lowest reliability.
  • the bit index outputted by the above example is obtained, and the bits with indexes of 0, 16, and 32 are respectively mapped to the bit with the highest reliability, medium reliability, and lowest reliability in each transmission.
  • Position, and other bits in the same position in the data packet are the same. Therefore, in the initial transmission of HARQ and each HARQ retransmission, the reliability of each bit is not balanced, and is always mapped to the bit position with the lowest reliability. The bits are prone to bit errors, which affect the performance of the communication system.
  • the reliability of the equalized bits in the transmission process of the data packet is realized, and the system performance is improved.
  • the data transmission process in the embodiment of the present invention is as shown in FIG. 2, and includes the following steps: Step S101, the HARQ performs initial transmission;
  • Step S102 When the HARQ initial transmission fails, the interlace different from the initial transmission is used in the HARQ retransmission.
  • the data packet may be interleaved according to the first index sequence, and the transmission is modulated, the data packet is interleaved according to the second index sequence, and the transmission is modulated, and the index and the first index in each index group in the second index sequence are The index elements in the corresponding index group in the sequence are the same and in different positions.
  • the interval of each index in each index group is the number of columns of the interleaved matrix, and the number of indexes in each index group can be determined according to the number of bits corresponding to the constellation points in the modulation.
  • the data packets that are interleaved according to the first index sequence and interleaved according to the second index sequence may be identical or partially identical, as long as the same portion exists in the data packets that are interleaved twice. Then, the above scheme can achieve the effect of equalizing the same bits in the two data packets.
  • the third index sequence m k is obtained according to the formula (1), and the first index sequence and the second index sequence are obtained according to the formula (3):
  • Nc the number of bits in the packet
  • k An integer from 0 to N cbps -1, indicating The index of each bit in the data packet
  • d is the number of columns of the interleaved matrix
  • s is the number of indexes in each index group
  • n is 0 or a positive integer, respectively set when the first index sequence and the second index sequence are obtained
  • the difference between the difference of the two n divided by the remainder of s is between 1 and s-1.
  • the data transmission method in the embodiment of the present invention is particularly suitable for the data transmission process using HARQ.
  • the initial transmission and the data packet for each retransmission are the same, and in the HARQ using IR,
  • the data packets in each transmission should be partially identical, and the transmission using the first index sequence and the transmission using the second index sequence may be any one of the following or any combination thereof:
  • the above method is not limited to the case of only two transmissions.
  • not only one of the adjacent two transmissions is not always mapped to the bit position with the lowest reliability.
  • index sequence B calculated according to formula (3) is as follows:
  • the indexes are 1, 2, 0, respectively, and the two groups are in the same position index in sequence A and sequence B, and the elements are the same (both It is the three indexes 0, 1, and 2) and the position is different, as is the case in the other groups.
  • the bit indexed by k in the data packet is interleaved to the position indicated by j k corresponding to the sequence number k of the index sequence, and the bit index outputted by the sequence B is obtained as follows:
  • the index of the first 3 bits of the bit index output after the interleaving is 0, 16, 32, then it is in 64-QAM.
  • the bit with index 0 will be mapped to the bit position with the highest reliability
  • the bit with index 16 will be mapped to the bit position with medium reliability
  • the bit with index 32 will be mapped to have The lowest reliability bit position
  • the first 3 bit indexes of the bit index outputted according to the sequence B interleaving are 32, 0, 16, and in the constellation diagram used in 64-QAM, the index is 32 bits.
  • index sequence C calculated according to formula (3) is as follows:
  • Indexes in the same position in C have the same elements (all three indexes 0, 1, 2) and different positions, as well as in other groups.
  • Gen interleaved output sequence C is: ⁇ 16320648048113 128 96 160 176 144 208 224 192 256 272 240 33 1 17 81 49 65 129 97 113 177 145 161 225 193 209 273 241 257 2 18 34 50 66 82 98 114 130 146 162 178 194 210 226 242 258 274 19 35 3 67 83 51 115 131 99 163 179 147 212 227 195 259 275 243 36 4 20 84 52 68 132 100 116 180 148 164 228 196 212 276 244 260 5 21 37 53 69 85
  • the first 3 bit indices of the bit index output after interleaving according to sequence C For 16, 32, 0, in the constellation diagram used in 64-QAM, the index of 16 bits will be mapped to the bit position with the highest reliability, and the index of 32 bits will be mapped to medium reliability. At the bit position, the bit with index 0 will be mapped to the bit position with the lowest reliability, and so on.
  • the reliability of the bit indexed to 0 on the constellation diagram is high, medium, and low; the reliability of the bit indexed to 16 on the constellation diagram is medium, low, and high; The reliability of mapping 32 bits onto the constellation is in turn low, high, medium, and so on.
  • each bit is mapped to the bit position with the highest reliability, the bit position with medium reliability, and the bit with the lowest reliability, respectively. Position, therefore, the reliability of each bit is very average, and the bit error probability of each bit is equally divided, which can better guarantee the system. System performance.
  • the first index sequence and the second index sequence may be pre-configured, or may be calculated in real time, and the first index sequence and the second index sequence may be according to a formula.
  • the corresponding index group in the second index sequence may be the same index group as the first index sequence position, or may be an index group with different positions, when the corresponding index group in the second index sequence is the first index sequence position.
  • the bits corresponding to the indexes in the group are mapped to the same constellation points as the first index sequence is interleaved, and in the second index sequence.
  • the corresponding index group is an index group different from the first index sequence position, the corresponding bits are mapped to different constellation points.
  • the index group is the same as the first index sequence.
  • the first index sequence is the same as the sequence A, and the second index sequence is the sequence D.
  • the sequence D is as follows:
  • an index group of sequence D includes indices 5, 3, 4, 2, 0, 1
  • sequence A includes index 0 in the same index group as its position , 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, visible
  • the first 6 bits of the bit index outputted after the A-interleaving is indexed as 0, 16,
  • bits with index 0, 48 will be mapped to the bit position with the highest reliability, and the bits with index of 16, 64 will be mapped.
  • bits with indices of 32, 80 will be mapped to the bit position with the lowest reliability, and the first 6 bits of the bit index output after interleaving according to sequence D are 64, 80.
  • each index group can be set according to specific needs, and the number in each index group can be a value that can divide the bit number corresponding to the constellation point in the modulation, so that each bit can be transmitted every time.
  • n in the formula (3) can be cyclically set to 0 or 1.
  • the number of transmissions is not less than half of the number of bits corresponding to the constellation point in each index group, the number of the index groups is set to be half of the bit number corresponding to the constellation point. The reliability of each bit can be well balanced.
  • the number of indexes in each index group is 6, and the corresponding index group in the second index sequence is configured.
  • the index group may be different from the first index sequence.
  • the first index sequence is the same as the sequence A, and the second index sequence is the sequence E.
  • the sequence E is as follows:
  • an index group of sequence E includes indices 5, 3, 4, 2, 0, 1
  • sequence A includes an index in its corresponding index group 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and the positions of the corresponding index groups in sequence A and sequence E are different. Since the positions of the corresponding index groups in sequence A and sequence E are different, after interleaving with the sequence E, corresponding The bits are mapped to different constellation points after interleaving with the sequence A, but the reliability of each bit is also adjusted at the corresponding constellation point. Therefore, only the implementation of the embodiment of the present invention is required.
  • the index in each index group in the second index sequence is satisfied to be the same as the index element in the corresponding index group in the first index sequence, and the position is different. Don't care if the location of each index group is the same.
  • the interleaver in this embodiment includes:
  • the receiving module 101 is configured to receive the input data packet.
  • the processing module 102 is configured to interleave and output the data packet received by the receiving module 101 according to the first index sequence, and interleave and output the data packet according to the second index sequence, where each index group in the second index sequence The index is the same as the index element in the corresponding index group in the first index sequence and has a different location.
  • the interleaver may further include a storage module 103 or an obtaining module 104, wherein: the storage module 103 is configured to save the first index sequence and the second index sequence and output the same to the processing module 102.
  • the obtaining module 104 is configured to obtain a first index sequence and a second index sequence and output the same to the processing module 102.
  • the communication device in this embodiment includes:
  • the interleaver 100 is configured to interleave and output the data packet according to the first index sequence, and interleave and output the data packet according to the second index sequence, and the index and the first index sequence in each index group in the second index sequence
  • the index elements in the corresponding index group are the same and the locations are different;
  • the modulation module 200 is configured to modulate bits output by the interleaver 100.
  • the interleaver 100 may further include a determining module 105, configured to determine the number of indexes in the index group according to the number of bits corresponding to the constellation points in the modulation performed by the modulation module 200.
  • the data packet in the two adjacent transmissions of the data packet, is interleaved by using different index sequences, and the transmission is modulated, so that the data packet is in each of the two adjacent transmissions.
  • the ratio of the same bit index to the different reliability of the constellation In the special position, the reliability of the equalized bits in the transmission process of the data packet is realized, so that the bits corresponding to an index are not always mapped to the bit position with the lowest reliability, so that the bits corresponding to the respective indexes are incorrect.
  • the probability of the code is relatively average, especially when the bits corresponding to an index in the adjacent two transmissions are the same bit, the error probability of the bit can be reduced to improve system performance.
  • Embodiments of the present invention are particularly applicable to HARQ data transmission.
  • the present invention can be implemented by hardware, or can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general hardware platform, and the technical solution of the present invention. It can be embodied in the form of a software product that can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (which can be a CD-ROM, a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, etc.), including a number of instructions for making a computer device (may It is a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) that performs the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.
  • a non-volatile storage medium which can be a CD-ROM, a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, etc.
  • a computer device may It is a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Detection And Prevention Of Errors In Transmission (AREA)
  • Error Detection And Correction (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de transmission de données, un entrelaceur et un dispositif de communication mis en œuvre pour améliorer les performances d'un système de communication. Des paquets de données sont entrelacés en fonction de la première séquence d'index puis modulés et transmis ; les paquets de données sont entrelacés en fonction de la deuxième séquence d'index, puis modulés et transmis ; les éléments d'index de chaque ensemble d'index dans la deuxième séquence d'index sont identiques aux éléments d'index de l'ensemble d'index correspondant dans la première séquence d'index, mais les positions des éléments sont différentes. La mise en œuvre du procédé de transmission de données, de l'entrelaceur et du dispositif de communication selon l'invention permet d'égaliser la fiabilité binaire pour moyenner la probabilité d'erreur de chaque bit et améliorer ainsi les performances du système.
PCT/CN2008/071424 2007-06-28 2008-06-24 Procede de transmission de donnees, entrelaceur et dispositif de communication WO2009000203A1 (fr)

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CN200710112478.3 2007-06-28
CN200710112478A CN101335691B (zh) 2007-06-28 2007-06-28 一种数据传输方法、交织器和通信装置

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CN109787707B (zh) * 2017-11-10 2021-05-18 华为技术有限公司 交织方法和交织装置
CN116318552B (zh) * 2023-03-15 2023-09-22 归芯科技(深圳)有限公司 Turbo码的交织或解交织方法及其器件、通信芯片和装置

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