WO2008155732A2 - Resource-block-cluster-based load indication - Google Patents

Resource-block-cluster-based load indication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008155732A2
WO2008155732A2 PCT/IB2008/052402 IB2008052402W WO2008155732A2 WO 2008155732 A2 WO2008155732 A2 WO 2008155732A2 IB 2008052402 W IB2008052402 W IB 2008052402W WO 2008155732 A2 WO2008155732 A2 WO 2008155732A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cell
base station
resource block
status
dependence
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PCT/IB2008/052402
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French (fr)
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WO2008155732A3 (en
Inventor
Hai Ming Wang
Da Jie Jiang
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Nokia Corporation
Nokia, Inc.
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Application filed by Nokia Corporation, Nokia, Inc. filed Critical Nokia Corporation
Publication of WO2008155732A2 publication Critical patent/WO2008155732A2/en
Publication of WO2008155732A3 publication Critical patent/WO2008155732A3/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/02—Resource partitioning among network components, e.g. reuse partitioning
    • H04W16/10—Dynamic resource partitioning
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/54—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W92/00—Interfaces specially adapted for wireless communication networks
    • H04W92/16—Interfaces between hierarchically similar devices
    • H04W92/20—Interfaces between hierarchically similar devices between access points

Definitions

  • the present invention generally concerns methods, apparatus and computer program products for implementing inter-cell power control and resource allocation in wireless communication systems and more particularly concerns methods, apparatus and computer program products for implementing resource-block-cluster-based load indication signaling in wireless communication systems.
  • bandwidth resources in adjacent cells are often divided in the same manner. Accordingly, care must be taken in transmission power control and bandwidth resource allocation in order to minimize the effects of signal interference between UE and base stations operating in adjacent or nearby cells. Otherwise, an intolerable situation arises where equipment in adjacent cells are transmitting/receiving using the same bandwidth resources.
  • 3GPP LTE Long Term Evolution
  • 3GPP LTE Long Term Evolution
  • Goals include improving efficiency, lowering costs, improving services, making use of new spectrum opportunities, and better integration with other open standards.
  • SC-FDMA has been adopted in E-UTRAN/LTE UL.
  • radio access UEs within a cell are multiplexed in FDM in a TTI, which results in little interference within the cell.
  • the frequency re-use factor is 1, the inter-cell interference or IoT would be very serious and must be kept to a reasonable and low level.
  • Neighbouring eNB can control individual UEs served by that eNB through received 01.
  • the signal can comprise "one value per cell” or "one value per RB”.
  • the interference/load situation can vary widely among different resource blocks (RBs).
  • One value per cell is too rough an approximation upon which to base power control decisions.
  • "one value per RB” would require a significant allocation of signaling resources (e.g., it is conceivable that there would be 100 RBs in a 20MHz bandwidth).
  • An embodiment of the invention is a method comprising: dividing a bandwidth in use in a cell into several continuous resource block clusters, each resource block cluster comprising several resource blocks; determining a status indication for each resource block cluster; and transmitting the status indications to at least one neighboring base station.
  • Another embodiment of the invention is a method comprising: receiving a signal at a first base station operating in a first cell from a neighboring second base station operating in a second cell, where the bandwidth in use in the neighboring second cell has been divided into several resource block clusters each comprising several resource blocks, and wherein the signal received from the neighboring second cell comprises status indications assigned on corresponding resource block clusters; and managing operations in the first cell in dependence on the status indications received from the second base station.
  • a further embodiment of the invention is an apparatus, comprising: a controller configured to divide a bandwidth in use in a cell in which the apparatus is operating into a plurality of resource block clusters, each resource block cluster comprising a plurality of resource blocks; to determine a status indication for each resource block in each resource block cluster; to determine a status indication for each resource block cluster in dependence on the status indications for the resource blocks within the resource block cluster; and a transceiver configured to transmit a signal comprising a status indication for each resource block cluster in the cell to at least one neighboring base station.
  • Yet another embodiment of the invention is an apparatus operative in a cell, the apparatus comprising: a transceiver configured to receive a signal from a base station operating in a neighbor cell, the signal comprising status indications assigned on a resource block cluster basis, wherein a status indication is assigned to each resource block cluster; and a controller configured to manage operations in the cell in dependence on the status indications received from the base station operating in the neighbor cell.
  • a still further embodiment of the invention is a computer program product comprising a computer readable memory medium tangibly storing a computer program, the computer program executable by processing apparatus associated with a base station, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processing apparatus, is configured to cause the base station to divide bandwidth in use in a cell into several resource block clusters, each resource block cluster comprising several resource blocks; to determine a status indication for each resource block cluster in dependence on the status indications for the resource blocks within the resource block cluster; and to transmit a signal comprising a status indication for each resource block cluster in the cell to at least one neighboring base station.
  • Another embodiment of the invention is a computer program product comprising a computer readable memory medium tangibly embodying a computer program, the computer program executable by processing apparatus associated with a base station operative in a first cell of a wireless communications system, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processing apparatus, is configured to cause the base station to receive a signal from a neighboring base station operating in a second cell, the signal comprising status indications assigned on a resource block cluster basis; and to manage operations in the first cell in dependence on the status indications received from the neighboring base station.
  • FIG. 1 is a simplified block diagram depicting a wireless communications system comprised of various electronic devices, the wireless communication system providing a suitable technical context for practicing the exemplary embodiments of the invention
  • FIG. 2 depicts a situation in a cellular wireless communications system where user equipment and base stations in neighboring cells may experience signal interference if the user equipment operate in the same resource blocks;
  • FIG. 3 is a chart depicting generation of an RB-cluster based load indication signal in accordance with embodiments of the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a chart depicting selection of a UE for transmission power reduction in dependence on an RB-cluster based load indication signal received from a neighboring cell;
  • FIG. 5 is a flow chart depicting a method operating in accordance with embodiments of the invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a flow chart depicting a method operating in accordance with embodiments of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 illustrating a simplified block diagram of a wireless communications network 100 comprised of various electronic devices.
  • the wireless communications network 100 provides a suitable technical context for practicing the exemplary embodiments of the invention.
  • a wireless network 100 is adapted for communication with a UE 110 via a node B (base station) 120.
  • the network 100 may include an RNC 140, or other radio controller function, which may be referred to as a serving RNC (SRNC).
  • SRNC serving RNC
  • the UE 110 includes a data processor 112, a memory 114 that stores a program 116, and a suitable radio frequency transceiver 118 for bidirectional wireless communications with node B 120, which also includes a data processor 122, a memory 124 that stores a program 126, and a suitable RF transceiver 128.
  • the node B 120 is coupled via a data path 130 (Iub) to the RNC 140 that also includes a data processor 142 and a memory 144 storing an associated program 146.
  • the RNC 140 may be coupled to another RNC (not shown) by another data path 150 (Iur).
  • At least one of the programs 116, 126 and 146 is assumed to include program instructions that, when executed by the associated data processor, enable the electronic device to operate in accordance with the exemplary embodiments of this invention, as will be discussed below in greater detail.
  • FIG. 1 Also shown in FIG. 1 are a second node B 120' and a second user equipment 110', it being assumed that the first node B 120 establishes a first cell (Cell 1) and the second node B 120' establishes a second cell (Cell 2), and that the UE 110 communicates with node B 120 and second UE 110' communicates with second node B 120'.
  • the node Bs could be coupled to the same RNC 140 (as shown), or to different RNCs 140. Note that while shown spatially separated, Cell 1 and Cell 2 will typically be adjacent and/or overlapping, and other cells will typically be present as well.
  • the exemplary embodiments of this invention may be implemented by computer software executable by the data processor 112 of the UE 110 and the other data processors, such as in cooperation with a data processor in the network, or by hardware, or by a combination of software and/or firmware and hardware.
  • the various embodiments of the UE 110 can include, but are not limited to, cellular telephones, personal digital assistants (PDAs) having wireless communication capabilities, portable computers having wireless communication capabilities, image capture devices such as digital cameras having wireless communication capabilities, gaming devices having wireless communication capabilities, music storage and playback appliances having wireless communication capabilities, Internet appliances permitting wireless Internet access and browsing, as well as portable units or terminals that incorporate combinations of such functions.
  • PDAs personal digital assistants
  • portable computers having wireless communication capabilities
  • image capture devices such as digital cameras having wireless communication capabilities
  • gaming devices having wireless communication capabilities
  • music storage and playback appliances having wireless communication capabilities
  • Internet appliances permitting wireless Internet access and browsing, as well as portable units or terminals that incorporate combinations of such functions.
  • the memories 114, 124 and 144 may be of any type suitable to the local technical environment and may be implemented using any suitable data storage technology, such as semiconductor-based memory devices, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed memory and removable memory.
  • the data processors 112, 122 and 142 may be of any type suitable to the local technical environment, and may include one or more of general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and processors based on a multi-core processor architecture, as non-limiting examples.
  • a 5 MHz system with 25 resource blocks (RBs) is used.
  • the 25 RBs are divided into 5 clusters.
  • Each cluster includes 5 RBs.
  • For each RB there is a load/interference word. If more than 3 RBs out of 5 RBs in one cluster have a high load, the cluster then indicates high load.
  • the number of clusters per system bandwidth and the proportion limit of high load can be decided separately.
  • the receiving eNode B will know RBl -RB 5 (cluster 1) has led to large interference.
  • this serving eNode B knows which users in this cell are using RB1-RB5, i.e., UEl, UE15 and UE23 and can decide which UE(s) contributed to the overload situation in the neighbor cell and apply corresponding countermeasures.
  • UE 15 will have to reduce its TX power or will be excluded from scheduling.
  • overload indication should be periodic or event triggered: A periodic approach would be more a load than an overload indication and would require more signaling on the X2 interface (note that the overload indication is being transmitted from the overload cell to neighboring cells). Therefore it is thought that it would be more appropriate to consider an event-triggered overload indication. Nonetheless, load signaling, overload signaling, and interference value signaling are all within the scope of the invention.
  • the load indicator for each RB-cluster is calculated using the following formula in an exemplary and non-limiting embodiment, e.g. Nuigh - loBd > ⁇ L (1)
  • N High load is the number of RBs determined to have a high load for one RB-cluster.
  • N Total is the total number of RB within one RB-cluster.
  • the base station then signals the load status information by the X2 interface to neighboring eNBs, as in the situation depicted in FIG. 2.
  • the following operations are performed at the base station eNB receiving the load status information.
  • the receiving Node-B Upon receipt of the load indication/interference signaling, the receiving Node-B can determine which RB-clusters have a high load. Then it implicitly knows which RB set contributed to the neighboring load. Now, at least one of the three following steps is carried out to finish the procedure.
  • the base station eNB selects the UE for power reduction.
  • the base station checks the correlative terminals
  • equation (2) is used, where at least the UEs having the largest interference per Hz will be selected:
  • S 1 is the power spectral density of user i; and g t is the path gain (including antenna gain and shadow fading) between user i and e-Node-B p (p is not serving cell). Note that g t p will be reported to eNB by UE, i.e., at least in a HO case. After selecting the interfering user, the eNB will send a power reduction command to it.
  • the eNB selects a set of UEs using the immediately preceding method; sends a command to the UEs comprising the set; and the UEs in the set then measure their respective strongest non-serving path-loss and decide whether to reduce their respective transmission powers.
  • the eNB performs a new scheduling, e.g., exchanges resources among identified users and non-identified useis.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 summarize methods operating in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 5 depicts a method performed at a base station eNB performing load status indication signaling operations.
  • the base station divides the bandwidth in use in a cell into several resource block clusters comprising several resource blocks.
  • the base station eNB determines a load status for each resource block in each cluster.
  • the base station determines a single load status indicator for each resource block cluster in dependence on the load conditions for the resource blocks comprising the resource block cluster.
  • the base station eNB transmits a signal comprising a load status indicator for each resource block cluster in the cell to base stations operating in neighboring cells.
  • FIG. 6 depicts operations performed at a base station that receives a signal comprised of load status indication information organized on a resource block cluster basis.
  • a first base station operating in a first cell receives a signal from a neighboring second base station operating in a second cell, the signal comprising load indicator values assigned on a resource-block-cluster basis.
  • the receiving base station manages operations in the first cell in dependence on the load indicator values received from the second base station.
  • the first base station further identifies at least one user equipment operative in the first cell that needs to reduce transmission power in dependence, at least in part, on the load status indicator values received from the second base station; and signals the user equipment to reduce transmission power.
  • the first base station further performs a new scheduling assigning new RBs to user equipment operative in the first cell using the load status indicator values received from the second base station so as to reduce signal interference between the first and second cells.
  • the load status indicator values may indicate an overload state.
  • signal interference information may be transmitted in the same manner on a resource-block cluster basis.
  • a first embodiment of the invention is method comprising: dividing the bandwidth in use in a cell into several continuous RB clusters comprising several RBs, wherein a load status value will be issued for each RB cluster; determining the load status value for each cluster; and transmitting the load status value calculated for each RB cluster to at least one neighboring base station.
  • Another embodiment of the invention is a method comprising: receiving a signal at a first base station operating in a first cell from a neighboring second base station operating in a second cell, the signal comprising load status values assigned on a RB cluster basis wherein the bandwidth in use in the neighboring second cell has been divided into several continuous RB clusters comprising several RBs and a single value indicating load status has been assigned to each RB cluster; and managing operations in the first cell in dependence on the load status values received from the second base station.
  • managing operations in the first cell in dependence on the load status values received from the second base station further comprises: identifying user equipment operative in the first cell that need to reduce transmission power in dependence on the interference values received from the second base station; and signaling the user equipment to reduce transmission power.
  • managing operations in the first cell in dependence on the load status values received from the second base station further comprises: performing a new scheduling assigning new RBs to user equipment operative in the first cell using the signaled load status values received from the second base station so as to reduce signal interference between the first and second cells.
  • signal interference values can be signaled instead of load status values.
  • a base station comprising: a transceiver configured for bidirectional communication in a wireless telecommunications network; and base station control apparatus configured to divide a bandwidth in use in a cell in which the base station is operating into a plurality of resource block clusters each- resource block cluster comprising a plurality of resource blocks; to determine a load status for each resource block in each resource block cluster; to determine a single load status indicator for each resource block cluster in dependence on the load conditions for the resource blocks comprising the resource block cluster; and to cause the transceiver to transmit a signal comprising a load status indicator for each resource block cluster in the cell to base stations operating in neighbor cells.
  • a further embodiment of the invention is a base station operative in a first cell, the base station comprising: a transceiver configured for bidirectional communication in a wireless telecommunications network; and base station control apparatus configured to cause the transceiver to receive a signal from a base station operating in a neighbor second cell, the signal comprising load status indicator values assigned on a resource block cluster basis, wherein a single load status indicator value is assigned to each resource block cluster; and to manage operations in the first cell in dependence on the load status indicator values received from the base station operating in the neighbor second cell.
  • to manage operations in the first cell in dependence on the load status indicator values received from the base station operating in the neighbor second cell further comprises: to select at least one user equipment for signal transmission power reduction in dependence on the load status indicator values; and to cause the transceiver to signal the selected user equipment to reduce signal transmission power.
  • to manage operations in the first cell in dependence on the load status indicator values received from the base station operating in the neighbor second cell further comprises to perform a new scheduling assigning new resource blocks to user equipment operative in the first cell using the load status indicator values received from the base station operating in the neighbor second cell so as to reduce signal interference between the first and second cells.
  • Yet another embodiment of the invention is a computer program product comprising a computer readable memory medium tangibly storing a computer program, the computer program executable by processing apparatus associated with a base station, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processing apparatus, is configured to cause the base station to divide bandwidth in use in a cell into several resource block clusters comprising several resource blocks; to determine a load status for each resource block in each cluster; to determine a single load status indicator for each resource block cluster in dependence on the load conditions for the resource blocks comprising the resource block cluster; and to transmit a signal comprising a load status indicator for each resource block cluster in the cell to base stations operating in neighbor cells.
  • a still further embodiment of the invention is a computer program product comprising a computer readable memory medium tangibly embodying a computer program, the computer program executable by processing apparatus associated with a first base station operative in a first cell of a wireless communication system, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processing apparatus, is configured to cause the base station to receive a signal from a neighboring second base station operating in a second cell, the signal comprising load indicator values assigned on a resource block cluster basis; and to manage operations in the first cell in dependence on the load status indicator values received from the second base station.
  • to manage operations in the first cell in dependence on the load status indicator values received from the second base station further comprises to select at least one user equipment for signal transmission power reduction in dependence on the load status indicator values; and to cause the transceiver to signal the selected user equipment to reduce signal transmission power.
  • to manage operations in the first cell in dependence on the interference values received from the second base station further comprises: performing a new scheduling assigning new RBs to user equipment operative in the first cell using the signal interference values received from the second base station so as to reduce signal interference between the first and second cells.
  • the various embodiments may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuits, software, logic or any combination thereof.
  • some aspects may be implemented in hardware, while other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computing device, although the invention is not limited thereto.
  • While various aspects of the invention may be illustrated and described as block diagrams and message flow diagrams, it should be understood that these blocks, apparatus, systems, techniques or methods described herein may be implemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.
  • Embodiments of the invention may be practiced in various components such as integrated circuit modules. The design of integrated circuits is by and large a highly automated process. Complex and powerful software tools are available for converting a logic level design into a semiconductor circuit design ready to be etched and formed on a semiconductor substrate.
  • Programs such as those provided by Synopsys, Inc. of Mountain View, California and Cadence Design, of San Jose, California automatically route conductors and locate components on a semiconductor chip using well-established rules of design as well as libraries of pre-stored design modules.
  • the resultant design in a standardized electronic format (e.g., Opus, GDSII, or the like) may be transitioned to a semiconductor fabrication facility of "fab" for fabrication.

Abstract

Methods, apparatus and computer program products divide a bandwidth in use in a cell into several continuous resource block clusters, each resource block cluster comprising several resource blocks; determine a load status value for each cluster; and transmit the load status value calculated for each resource block cluster to at least one neighboring base station. Other methods, apparatus and computer program products receive a signal at a first base station operating in a first cell from a neighboring second base station operating in a second cell, the signal comprising load status values assigned on a resource block cluster basis wherein the bandwidth in use in the neighboring second cell has been divided into several resource blocks and a single value indicating load status has been assigned to each resource block cluster; and manage operations in the first cell in dependence on the load status values received from the second base station.

Description

RESOURCE-BLOCK-CLUSTER-BASED LOAD INDICATION
TECHNICAL FIELD:
The present invention generally concerns methods, apparatus and computer program products for implementing inter-cell power control and resource allocation in wireless communication systems and more particularly concerns methods, apparatus and computer program products for implementing resource-block-cluster-based load indication signaling in wireless communication systems.
BACKGROUND:
The following abbreviations are herewith defined: 3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project
ARQ automatic repeat request
BLER block error rate C Plane control nlane
CN core network
DL downlink (Node B to UE)
GW gateway (aGW = access GW)
HARQ hybrid automatic repeat request IoT interference over thermal
LTE Long Term Evolution
MME mobile management entity
Node B base station
RACH random access channel RNC radio network control RNTI radio network temporary identity (C-RNTI = C plane RNTI)
RRC radio resource control
SKC secret key cryptography (aka as symmetric key cryptography)
SNIR signal to noise + interference ratio
UE user equipment UPE user plane entity
UL uplink (UE to Node B)
UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
UTRAN UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network E-UTRAN Evolved UTRAN
In cellular wireless communication systems bandwidth resources in adjacent cells are often divided in the same manner. Accordingly, care must be taken in transmission power control and bandwidth resource allocation in order to minimize the effects of signal interference between UE and base stations operating in adjacent or nearby cells. Otherwise, an intolerable situation arises where equipment in adjacent cells are transmitting/receiving using the same bandwidth resources.
This has been addressed in conventional wireless communication systems by using inter-cell signaling to indicate which bandwidth resources are in use. Since such signaling represents overhead it is of particular concern to perform the signaling in as efficient a manner as possible.
Such issues are of concern in developing requirements for future wireless communication systems. 3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future requirements. Goals include improving efficiency, lowering costs, improving services, making use of new spectrum opportunities, and better integration with other open standards.
SC-FDMA has been adopted in E-UTRAN/LTE UL. In SC-FDMA UL radio access UEs within a cell are multiplexed in FDM in a TTI, which results in little interference within the cell. However, because the frequency re-use factor is 1, the inter-cell interference or IoT would be very serious and must be kept to a reasonable and low level.
Within this context, one possible approach has been envisioned: to introduce an overload indication exchanged via the X2 interface between eNodeB for UL inter-cell power control:
• Cell wide overload indicator (01) exchanged over X2 on a slow basis
o Expected average delay is in the order or 20ms
o Number of bits in the OI is expected to be further standardized.
• Neighbouring eNB can control individual UEs served by that eNB through received 01.
When using a load status indicator or interference value, the signal can comprise "one value per cell" or "one value per RB". In SC-FDMA based systems, the interference/load situation can vary widely among different resource blocks (RBs).
"One value per cell" is too rough an approximation upon which to base power control decisions. Alternatively, "one value per RB" would require a significant allocation of signaling resources (e.g., it is conceivable that there would be 100 RBs in a 20MHz bandwidth).
Accordingly, those skilled in the art seek signaling methods and apparatus that represent an acceptable tradeoff between power control accuracy and signaling load.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the invention is a method comprising: dividing a bandwidth in use in a cell into several continuous resource block clusters, each resource block cluster comprising several resource blocks; determining a status indication for each resource block cluster; and transmitting the status indications to at least one neighboring base station.
Another embodiment of the invention is a method comprising: receiving a signal at a first base station operating in a first cell from a neighboring second base station operating in a second cell, where the bandwidth in use in the neighboring second cell has been divided into several resource block clusters each comprising several resource blocks, and wherein the signal received from the neighboring second cell comprises status indications assigned on corresponding resource block clusters; and managing operations in the first cell in dependence on the status indications received from the second base station.
A further embodiment of the invention is an apparatus, comprising: a controller configured to divide a bandwidth in use in a cell in which the apparatus is operating into a plurality of resource block clusters, each resource block cluster comprising a plurality of resource blocks; to determine a status indication for each resource block in each resource block cluster; to determine a status indication for each resource block cluster in dependence on the status indications for the resource blocks within the resource block cluster; and a transceiver configured to transmit a signal comprising a status indication for each resource block cluster in the cell to at least one neighboring base station.
Yet another embodiment of the invention is an apparatus operative in a cell, the apparatus comprising: a transceiver configured to receive a signal from a base station operating in a neighbor cell, the signal comprising status indications assigned on a resource block cluster basis, wherein a status indication is assigned to each resource block cluster; and a controller configured to manage operations in the cell in dependence on the status indications received from the base station operating in the neighbor cell.
A still further embodiment of the invention is a computer program product comprising a computer readable memory medium tangibly storing a computer program, the computer program executable by processing apparatus associated with a base station, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processing apparatus, is configured to cause the base station to divide bandwidth in use in a cell into several resource block clusters, each resource block cluster comprising several resource blocks; to determine a status indication for each resource block cluster in dependence on the status indications for the resource blocks within the resource block cluster; and to transmit a signal comprising a status indication for each resource block cluster in the cell to at least one neighboring base station.
Another embodiment of the invention is a computer program product comprising a computer readable memory medium tangibly embodying a computer program, the computer program executable by processing apparatus associated with a base station operative in a first cell of a wireless communications system, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processing apparatus, is configured to cause the base station to receive a signal from a neighboring base station operating in a second cell, the signal comprising status indications assigned on a resource block cluster basis; and to manage operations in the first cell in dependence on the status indications received from the neighboring base station.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The foregoing and other aspects of these teachings are made more evident in the following Detailed Description, when read in conjunction with the attached Drawing Figures, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a simplified block diagram depicting a wireless communications system comprised of various electronic devices, the wireless communication system providing a suitable technical context for practicing the exemplary embodiments of the invention;
FIG. 2 depicts a situation in a cellular wireless communications system where user equipment and base stations in neighboring cells may experience signal interference if the user equipment operate in the same resource blocks;
FIG. 3 is a chart depicting generation of an RB-cluster based load indication signal in accordance with embodiments of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a chart depicting selection of a UE for transmission power reduction in dependence on an RB-cluster based load indication signal received from a neighboring cell;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart depicting a method operating in accordance with embodiments of the invention; and FIG. 6 is a flow chart depicting a method operating in accordance with embodiments of the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS
Reference is made first to FIG. 1 for illustrating a simplified block diagram of a wireless communications network 100 comprised of various electronic devices. The wireless communications network 100 provides a suitable technical context for practicing the exemplary embodiments of the invention. In FIG. 1 a wireless network 100 is adapted for communication with a UE 110 via a node B (base station) 120. The network 100 may include an RNC 140, or other radio controller function, which may be referred to as a serving RNC (SRNC). The UE 110 includes a data processor 112, a memory 114 that stores a program 116, and a suitable radio frequency transceiver 118 for bidirectional wireless communications with node B 120, which also includes a data processor 122, a memory 124 that stores a program 126, and a suitable RF transceiver 128. The node B 120 is coupled via a data path 130 (Iub) to the RNC 140 that also includes a data processor 142 and a memory 144 storing an associated program 146. The RNC 140 may be coupled to another RNC (not shown) by another data path 150 (Iur). At least one of the programs 116, 126 and 146 is assumed to include program instructions that, when executed by the associated data processor, enable the electronic device to operate in accordance with the exemplary embodiments of this invention, as will be discussed below in greater detail.
Also shown in FIG. 1 are a second node B 120' and a second user equipment 110', it being assumed that the first node B 120 establishes a first cell (Cell 1) and the second node B 120' establishes a second cell (Cell 2), and that the UE 110 communicates with node B 120 and second UE 110' communicates with second node B 120'. Note that the node Bs could be coupled to the same RNC 140 (as shown), or to different RNCs 140. Note that while shown spatially separated, Cell 1 and Cell 2 will typically be adjacent and/or overlapping, and other cells will typically be present as well.
This is the situation to which the invention is directed, where cells 1 and 2 are nearby or adjacent. As depicted in FIG. 2, user equipment 220 and 240, and base stations 215 and 235, operating in adjacent cells 210, 230 of wireless network 200 may experience significant inter-cell interference if the user equipment 220 and 240 are assigned the same bandwidth resource blocks.
The exemplary embodiments of this invention may be implemented by computer software executable by the data processor 112 of the UE 110 and the other data processors, such as in cooperation with a data processor in the network, or by hardware, or by a combination of software and/or firmware and hardware.
In general, the various embodiments of the UE 110 can include, but are not limited to, cellular telephones, personal digital assistants (PDAs) having wireless communication capabilities, portable computers having wireless communication capabilities, image capture devices such as digital cameras having wireless communication capabilities, gaming devices having wireless communication capabilities, music storage and playback appliances having wireless communication capabilities, Internet appliances permitting wireless Internet access and browsing, as well as portable units or terminals that incorporate combinations of such functions.
The memories 114, 124 and 144 may be of any type suitable to the local technical environment and may be implemented using any suitable data storage technology, such as semiconductor-based memory devices, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed memory and removable memory. The data processors 112, 122 and 142 may be of any type suitable to the local technical environment, and may include one or more of general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and processors based on a multi-core processor architecture, as non-limiting examples.
Having thus introduced one suitable but non-limiting technical context for the practice of the exemplary embodiments of this invention, the exemplary embodiments will now be described with greater specificity.
For the depicted example in FIG. 3 a 5 MHz system with 25 resource blocks (RBs) is used. In this example the 25 RBs are divided into 5 clusters. Each cluster includes 5 RBs. For each RB, there is a load/interference word. If more than 3 RBs out of 5 RBs in one cluster have a high load, the cluster then indicates high load. The number of clusters per system bandwidth and the proportion limit of high load can be decided separately. When receiving this high load indication in cluster 1 the receiving eNode B will know RBl -RB 5 (cluster 1) has led to large interference. Then this serving eNode B knows which users in this cell are using RB1-RB5, i.e., UEl, UE15 and UE23 and can decide which UE(s) contributed to the overload situation in the neighbor cell and apply corresponding countermeasures. In this example in FIG. 4 UE 15 will have to reduce its TX power or will be excluded from scheduling.
Regarding the question of whether the overload indication should be periodic or event triggered: A periodic approach would be more a load than an overload indication and would require more signaling on the X2 interface (note that the overload indication is being transmitted from the overload cell to neighboring cells). Therefore it is thought that it would be more appropriate to consider an event-triggered overload indication. Nonetheless, load signaling, overload signaling, and interference value signaling are all within the scope of the invention.
In summary, a method in accordance with the invention operates as follows. The first three operations are performed at a base station seeking to provide neighboring base stations with load status information. First, as depicted in FIG. 3, the system bandwidth used in a cell is divided into several continuous RB-clusters. Each RB-cluster consists of several RBs. An extreme case is "Number of RB = Num of RB-clusters". Only one load/interference value is allowed for one RB-cluster.
Next, if providing load indication information, the load indicator for each RB-cluster is calculated using the following formula in an exemplary and non-limiting embodiment, e.g. Nuigh-loBd > λL (1)
N Total
Herein, NHigh load is the number of RBs determined to have a high load for one RB-cluster. NTotal is the total number of RB within one RB-cluster. λL is a threshold parameter. If there are NToml =5 RBs for the 1st RB-cluster, and if NHigh load =3 RBs and Az=50%, then the 1st RB-cluster is determined to be high-load (3/5=60%>50%, lbit— >1). Otherwise, it is low load (1 bit — >0). (If an interference value instead of 1-bit load indicator is needed, an average value over NTotal may be used in another exemplary embodiment of the invention). Furthermore, a time span is used in time domain for OI statistics; this time period should not be less than X2 delay (~20ms).
The base station then signals the load status information by the X2 interface to neighboring eNBs, as in the situation depicted in FIG. 2.
The following operations are performed at the base station eNB receiving the load status information. Upon receipt of the load indication/interference signaling, the receiving Node-B can determine which RB-clusters have a high load. Then it implicitly knows which RB set contributed to the neighboring load. Now, at least one of the three following steps is carried out to finish the procedure.
hi one alternate embodiment, in the additional step the base station eNB selects the UE for power reduction. First, the base station checks the correlative terminals
(using the identified RBs), and selects the UE for power reduction. In one embodiment, equation (2) is used, where at least the UEs having the largest interference per Hz will be selected:
I, = δr g,,P (2)
S1 is the power spectral density of user i; and gt is the path gain (including antenna gain and shadow fading) between user i and e-Node-B p (p is not serving cell). Note that gt p will be reported to eNB by UE, i.e., at least in a HO case. After selecting the interfering user, the eNB will send a power reduction command to it.
In another alternate embodiment, in additional steps the eNB selects a set of UEs using the immediately preceding method; sends a command to the UEs comprising the set; and the UEs in the set then measure their respective strongest non-serving path-loss and decide whether to reduce their respective transmission powers.
In a further alternate embodiment, in the additional step the eNB performs a new scheduling, e.g., exchanges resources among identified users and non-identified useis.
FIGS. 5 and 6 summarize methods operating in accordance with the invention.
FIG. 5 depicts a method performed at a base station eNB performing load status indication signaling operations. At 510, the base station divides the bandwidth in use in a cell into several resource block clusters comprising several resource blocks. Next, at 520, the base station eNB determines a load status for each resource block in each cluster. Then, at 530, the base station determines a single load status indicator for each resource block cluster in dependence on the load conditions for the resource blocks comprising the resource block cluster. Next, at 540, the base station eNB transmits a signal comprising a load status indicator for each resource block cluster in the cell to base stations operating in neighboring cells.
FIG. 6 depicts operations performed at a base station that receives a signal comprised of load status indication information organized on a resource block cluster basis. At 610, a first base station operating in a first cell receives a signal from a neighboring second base station operating in a second cell, the signal comprising load indicator values assigned on a resource-block-cluster basis. The, at step 520, the receiving base station manages operations in the first cell in dependence on the load indicator values received from the second base station.
In one variant of the method depicted in FIG. 6 the first base station further identifies at least one user equipment operative in the first cell that needs to reduce transmission power in dependence, at least in part, on the load status indicator values received from the second base station; and signals the user equipment to reduce transmission power.
hi another variant of the method depicted in FIG. 6, the first base station further performs a new scheduling assigning new RBs to user equipment operative in the first cell using the load status indicator values received from the second base station so as to reduce signal interference between the first and second cells.
In various embodiments of the invention the load status indicator values may indicate an overload state. Alternatively, in each of the methods described herein, instead of signaling load status indication information, signal interference information may be transmitted in the same manner on a resource-block cluster basis. The following is an exemplary and non-limiting listing of various embodiments of the invention, wherein the invention is alternately implemented as method, apparatus and computer program product.
A first embodiment of the invention is method comprising: dividing the bandwidth in use in a cell into several continuous RB clusters comprising several RBs, wherein a load status value will be issued for each RB cluster; determining the load status value for each cluster; and transmitting the load status value calculated for each RB cluster to at least one neighboring base station.
Another embodiment of the invention is a method comprising: receiving a signal at a first base station operating in a first cell from a neighboring second base station operating in a second cell, the signal comprising load status values assigned on a RB cluster basis wherein the bandwidth in use in the neighboring second cell has been divided into several continuous RB clusters comprising several RBs and a single value indicating load status has been assigned to each RB cluster; and managing operations in the first cell in dependence on the load status values received from the second base station.
In a variant of this embodiment, managing operations in the first cell in dependence on the load status values received from the second base station further comprises: identifying user equipment operative in the first cell that need to reduce transmission power in dependence on the interference values received from the second base station; and signaling the user equipment to reduce transmission power.
In another variant of this embodiment of the invention, managing operations in the first cell in dependence on the load status values received from the second base station further comprises: performing a new scheduling assigning new RBs to user equipment operative in the first cell using the signaled load status values received from the second base station so as to reduce signal interference between the first and second cells.
As indicated previously, signal interference values can be signaled instead of load status values.
Another embodiment of the invention is a base station comprising: a transceiver configured for bidirectional communication in a wireless telecommunications network; and base station control apparatus configured to divide a bandwidth in use in a cell in which the base station is operating into a plurality of resource block clusters each- resource block cluster comprising a plurality of resource blocks; to determine a load status for each resource block in each resource block cluster; to determine a single load status indicator for each resource block cluster in dependence on the load conditions for the resource blocks comprising the resource block cluster; and to cause the transceiver to transmit a signal comprising a load status indicator for each resource block cluster in the cell to base stations operating in neighbor cells.
A further embodiment of the invention is a base station operative in a first cell, the base station comprising: a transceiver configured for bidirectional communication in a wireless telecommunications network; and base station control apparatus configured to cause the transceiver to receive a signal from a base station operating in a neighbor second cell, the signal comprising load status indicator values assigned on a resource block cluster basis, wherein a single load status indicator value is assigned to each resource block cluster; and to manage operations in the first cell in dependence on the load status indicator values received from the base station operating in the neighbor second cell.
In a variant of this embodiment of the invention, to manage operations in the first cell in dependence on the load status indicator values received from the base station operating in the neighbor second cell further comprises: to select at least one user equipment for signal transmission power reduction in dependence on the load status indicator values; and to cause the transceiver to signal the selected user equipment to reduce signal transmission power.
In another variant of this embodiment of the invention, to manage operations in the first cell in dependence on the load status indicator values received from the base station operating in the neighbor second cell further comprises to perform a new scheduling assigning new resource blocks to user equipment operative in the first cell using the load status indicator values received from the base station operating in the neighbor second cell so as to reduce signal interference between the first and second cells. Yet another embodiment of the invention is a computer program product comprising a computer readable memory medium tangibly storing a computer program, the computer program executable by processing apparatus associated with a base station, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processing apparatus, is configured to cause the base station to divide bandwidth in use in a cell into several resource block clusters comprising several resource blocks; to determine a load status for each resource block in each cluster; to determine a single load status indicator for each resource block cluster in dependence on the load conditions for the resource blocks comprising the resource block cluster; and to transmit a signal comprising a load status indicator for each resource block cluster in the cell to base stations operating in neighbor cells.
A still further embodiment of the invention is a computer program product comprising a computer readable memory medium tangibly embodying a computer program, the computer program executable by processing apparatus associated with a first base station operative in a first cell of a wireless communication system, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processing apparatus, is configured to cause the base station to receive a signal from a neighboring second base station operating in a second cell, the signal comprising load indicator values assigned on a resource block cluster basis; and to manage operations in the first cell in dependence on the load status indicator values received from the second base station..
In a variant of this embodiment of the invention, to manage operations in the first cell in dependence on the load status indicator values received from the second base station further comprises to select at least one user equipment for signal transmission power reduction in dependence on the load status indicator values; and to cause the transceiver to signal the selected user equipment to reduce signal transmission power.
In another variant of this embodiment of the invention, to manage operations in the first cell in dependence on the interference values received from the second base station further comprises: performing a new scheduling assigning new RBs to user equipment operative in the first cell using the signal interference values received from the second base station so as to reduce signal interference between the first and second cells.
In general, the various embodiments may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuits, software, logic or any combination thereof. For example, some aspects may be implemented in hardware, while other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computing device, although the invention is not limited thereto. While various aspects of the invention may be illustrated and described as block diagrams and message flow diagrams, it should be understood that these blocks, apparatus, systems, techniques or methods described herein may be implemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof. Embodiments of the invention may be practiced in various components such as integrated circuit modules. The design of integrated circuits is by and large a highly automated process. Complex and powerful software tools are available for converting a logic level design into a semiconductor circuit design ready to be etched and formed on a semiconductor substrate.
Programs, such as those provided by Synopsys, Inc. of Mountain View, California and Cadence Design, of San Jose, California automatically route conductors and locate components on a semiconductor chip using well-established rules of design as well as libraries of pre-stored design modules. Once the design for a semiconductor circuit has been completed, the resultant design, in a standardized electronic format (e.g., Opus, GDSII, or the like) may be transitioned to a semiconductor fabrication facility of "fab" for fabrication.
Various modifications and adaptations may become apparent to those skilled in the relevant arts in view of the foregoing description, when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, any and all modifications of the teachings of this invention will still fall within the scope of the non-limiting embodiments of this invention.
Furthermore, some of the features of the various non-limiting embodiments of this invention may be used to advantage without corresponding use of other features. As such, the foregoing description should be considered as merely illustrative of the principles, teachings and exemplary embodiments of this invention, and not in limitation thereof.

Claims

ClaimsWhat is claimed is:
1. A method comprising: dividing a bandwidth in use in a cell into several continuous resource block clusters, each resource block cluster comprising several resource blocks; determining a status indication for each resource block cluster; and transmitting the status indications to at least one neighboring base station.
2. A method as in claim 1, wherein the status indication comprises a load indication.
3. A method as in claim 1, wherein the status indication comprises an interference value.
4. A method comprising: receiving a signal at a first base station operating in a first cell from a neighboring second base station operating in a second cell, where the bandwidth in use in the neighboring second cell has been divided into several resource block clusters each comprising several resource blocks, and wherein the signal received from the neighboring second cell comprises status indications assigned on corresponding resource block clusters; and managing operations in the first cell in dependence on the status indications received from the second base station.
5. A method as in claim 4, wherein the status indication comprises a load indication.
6. A method as in claim 4, wherein the status indication comprises an interference value.
7. A method as in claim 4, wherein managing operations in the first cell in dependence on the status indications received from the second base station further comprises: identifying user equipment operative in the first cell that need to reduce transmission power in dependence on the status indications received from the second base station; and signaling the user equipment to reduce transmission power.
8. A method as in claim 4, wherein managing operations in the first cell in dependence on the status indications received from the second base station further comprises: performing a new scheduling assigning new resource blocks to user equipment operative in the first cell using the status indications received from the second base station.
9. An apparatus, comprising: a controller configured to divide a bandwidth in use in a cell in which the apparatus is operating into a plurality of resource block clusters, each resource block cluster comprising a plurality of resource blocks; to determine a status indication for each resource block in each resource block cluster; to determine a status indication for each resource block cluster in dependence on the status indications for the resource blocks within the resource block cluster; and a transceiver configured to transmit a signal comprising a status indication for each resource block cluster in the cell to at least one neighboring base station.
10. A apparatus as in claim 9, wherein the status indication comprises a load indication.
11. A apparatus as in claim 9, wherein the status indication comprises an interference value.
12. An apparatus operative in a cell, the apparatus comprising: a transceiver configured to receive a signal from a base station operating in a neighbor cell, the signal comprising status indications assigned on a resource block cluster basis, wherein a status indication is assigned to each resource block cluster; and a controller configured to manage operations in the cell in dependence on the status indications received from the base station operating in the neighbor cell.
13. A apparatus as in claim 12, wherein the status indication comprises a load indication.
14. A apparatus as in claim 12, wherein the status indication comprises an interference value.
15. An apparatus as claimed in claim 12, wherein to manage operations in the cell in dependence on the status indications received from the base station operating in the neighbor cell further comprises: to select at least one user equipment for signal transmission power reduction in dependence on the status indications; and to cause the transceiver to signal the selected user equipment to reduce signal transmission power.
16. An apparatus as claimed in claim 12, wherein to manage operations in the cell in dependence on the status indications received from the base station operating in the neighbor cell further comprises to perform new scheduling assigning new resource blocks to user equipment operative in the cell using the status indications received from the base station operating in the neighbor cell.
17. A computer program product comprising a computer readable memory medium tangibly storing a computer program, the computer program executable by processing apparatus associated with a base station, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processing apparatus, is configured to cause the base station to divide bandwidth in use in a cell into several resource block clusters, each resource block cluster comprising several resource blocks; to determine a status indication for each resource block cluster in dependence on the status indications for the resource blocks within the resource block cluster; and to transmit a signal comprising a status indication for each resource block cluster in the cell to at least one neighboring base station.
18. A computer program product comprising a computer readable memory medium tangibly embodying a computer program, the computer program executable by processing apparatus associated with a base station operative in a first cell of a wireless communications system, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processing apparatus, is configured to cause the base station to receive a signal from a neighboring base station operating in a second cell, the signal comprising status indications assigned on a resource block cluster basis; and to manage operations in the first cell in dependence on the status indications received from the neighboring base station.
19. A computer program product as claimed in claim 18, wherein to manage operations in the first cell in dependence on the status indications received from the neighboring base station further comprises to select at least one user equipment for signal transmission power reduction in dependence on the status indications; and to cause the transceiver to signal the selected user equipment to reduce signal transmission power.
20. A computer program product as in claim 18, wherein to manage operations in the first cell in dependence on the status indications received from the neighboring base station further comprises: performing a new scheduling assigning new resource blocks to user equipment operative in the first cell using the status indications received from the neighboring base station so as to reduce interference between the first and second cells.
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