WO2008148904A1 - Mechanism for generation of electric energy from mechanical energy, by electromagnetic induction - Google Patents

Mechanism for generation of electric energy from mechanical energy, by electromagnetic induction Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008148904A1
WO2008148904A1 PCT/ES2008/000389 ES2008000389W WO2008148904A1 WO 2008148904 A1 WO2008148904 A1 WO 2008148904A1 ES 2008000389 W ES2008000389 W ES 2008000389W WO 2008148904 A1 WO2008148904 A1 WO 2008148904A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
appendix
mechanical energy
electromagnetic induction
plate
energy
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PCT/ES2008/000389
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Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Israel FERNÁNDEZ PINA
Miguel Ángel SÁNCHEZ GUTIÉRREZ
Original Assignee
Serracanta Marcet, Maria Del Mar
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Application filed by Serracanta Marcet, Maria Del Mar filed Critical Serracanta Marcet, Maria Del Mar
Publication of WO2008148904A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008148904A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K35/00—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K35/02—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit with moving magnets and stationary coil systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
    • H02K7/1892—Generators with parts oscillating or vibrating about an axis

Definitions

  • the present invention patent aims at a mechanism for the generation of electrical energy from mechanical energy, by electromagnetic induction, said mechanical energy being provided by the user when the mechanism is operated manually or in an equivalent way, electrical energy which will be available for immediate use.
  • the mechanism through the movement of some of its components, causes the sudden inversion in the magnetic flux that passes through the core of a coil that is provided, causing, according to Lenz's Law, a voltage or point electromotive force in the terminals of said coil.
  • the electrical energy thus obtained will be used, properly conditioned, to power any device whose energy demand is punctual and limited at the time of its activation. In this way, it can, for example, replace the batteries that are currently used for the actuation of various sensors and wireless transmitters.
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) contact with the core of the coil, as seen in its figures 1 and 2, which causes a permanent air gap, which is the cause of a great reduction of the usable flow in the coil.
  • the object of the present invention is detailed, consisting in the design of a construction arrangement mechanism similar to those claimed in the aforementioned patents EP 0157029, EP0303054, JP59003904, JP559021006, US4727344 and US4626813, which, thought and adapted for operate in an inverse manner and with a totally different purpose, since, while in the mentioned patents, the mechanism is activated by applying a voltage on the terminals of the coil that produces the mechanical switching of one of the stable positions of the relay to the other, in The mechanism object of the present invention, the drive, which is carried out manually or equivalently, is based on mechanically forcing the abrupt passage of the original stable position of the mechanism to the other, which produces an induced voltage at the terminals of a coil that envelops the core of the mechanism, all by virtue of the adequate arrangement of the elements thereof. When carrying out the mechanical action on the mechanism, the displacement of the polar extensions of which the mechanism is provided occurs, and between which the magnetic core of the assembly coil is located.
  • This displacement causes the polar extension that has been in continuous contact with the magnetic core while the mechanism has been at rest, leaves its position and is the other polar extension, symmetrical to the interior, the one that comes into contact with the magnetic core, producing the inversion of the magnetic circuit and, with it, the production of an induced voltage in the terminals of the coil as described above.
  • the voltage thus obtained duly treated by an appropriate electronic circuit, will be used, among other practical applications, for example, to power the electronic circuit of a low-consumption radio frequency emitter, whose energy demand is punctual and limited at the time of its drive
  • the essentiality of the present invention is not limited to that described above, but, by the inclusion of an accelerator in the system, it is achieved, first, that the mechanical action is instantaneous, producing a higher voltage peak, of according to the aforementioned Lenz law, and secondly, given the special characteristics of sudden elastic deformation of said accelerator, the return of the elements of the mechanism to its initial resting position, producing in this second displacement, a second voltage peak, which results in the practical fact that, with a single mechanical action on the mechanism, the production of voltage is achieved on two consecutive occasions, with the advantages of it derived.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective and explosion view of the different components of the mechanism described, provided with a tilting arm and which will allow the desired electrical energy to be achieved;
  • Figure 2 shows the assembled assembly in perspective;
  • Figure 3 also draws, in perspective, and explodes the different components of the mechanism provided with an abrupt deformation element
  • Figure 4 draws in perspective the mechanism of the previous figure, already assembled
  • Figures 5, 6 and 7 draw, in section, the mechanism showing the action of the force exerted on the swing arm: in figure 5 not yet started, in figure 6 started and causing the bending of the plate and in the figure 7 the final position of the body of the mechanism, when the force exerted by the plate exceeds the force that held the body in position
  • Figure 8 also draws, in perspective, part of the assembly, according to Figures 2 and 4, but without the drive arm or the elements next to it.
  • Figure 9 is a sectional view of the mechanism in its embodiment with the abrupt deformation element, in its initial position, or at rest, when the basic mechanical action has not yet been exerted on it;
  • Figure 10 shows, in perspective, a longitudinally sectioned view of the mechanism, where the flow of the magnetic field has been indicated by a broken line and schematically, when the mechanism is in the initial position, according to Figures 4, 5 and 9, the coil not being represented in the whole mechanism;
  • Figure 11 is a sectional view of the mechanism according to Figure 9 in the non-stable position, when the basic mechanical action has been exerted on it;
  • Figure 12 is another schematic, sectioned and perspective view of the mechanism shown, with a dashed line, the magnetic flux in it, according to the position of the previous figure.
  • the mechanism object of the present invention is constituted by the body (1), in a U-shape, with its two lateral arms (1a) and its posterior appendix (2), on which it is operated with the swing arm (3), through a plate in the form of U (4), whose two lateral arms rest on lateral fins (2a) of the appendix (2) of the body (1).
  • the U-shaped plate (4) is located in the assembly by fitting inside a notch (3b) that for this purpose has said swing arm (3) on its front face.
  • the said swing arm (3) has at each of its ends, two points of support as a lug (3a), which will allow its rotation, while under it are located the two helical cylindrical springs (3c) that will take up the arm (3) to its initial position when it stops pressing.
  • This voltage is the one that, properly conditioned, serves to replace the one normally provided by the current known and commonly used means, such as batteries.
  • the permanent magnet (8) together with its polar extensions (9) are located in the body (1) and constitute the mobile contact assembly, while the trident (5) the magnetic core (6) and the coil (7) form The magnetic circuit assembly.
  • the change of position of the body (1) is effected by overcoming the resistance offered by the mobile contact assembly (formed by the permanent magnet (8) and its polar extensions (9), to exit its position initial rest or balance, caused by the action of the magnetic force of attraction between the following pieces: the trident
  • the polar extensions (9) will contact successively, one or the other, on the core (6) of the coil (7).
  • the body (10) differs slightly from the body (1) described above, due to the shape of the posterior appendix (11), lacking the lateral fins (2a) that the appendix (2) possesses.
  • This body (10) is provided with arms (10a).
  • the plate (12) made with elastic material, which allows its elastic deformation to the be pressed and the immediate return to its initial position, when the pressure ceases.
  • This plate of sudden deformation (12) has two functions as its purpose: Firstly, the one to return the entire system to its initial position, thanks to its elastic condition, and secondly, the one to suddenly change its shape or external profile, given the characteristics of its design and the material of sudden deformation, with which it has been elaborated.
  • this sudden deformation plate (12) may be replaced by a spring or spring that will only provide the elastic part of its behavior.

Abstract

Mechanism for generation of electrical energy from mechanical energy by electromagnetic induction, consisting in a body (1), equipped with a fixed contact comprising a trident (5), and a magnetic core (6), inside the coil (7). A mobile contact is formed by a magnet (8) and two pole extensions. This assembly moves due to pressure on the back appendage (3), and returns to its start position when the pressure is removed. With each movement of the magnet to one of the extreme travel positions, which are set by the contact between one of the pole extensions and the fixed magnetic core, a current peak occurs in accordance with Lenz's Law. The movements will be abrupt, as they are caused by a plate which deforms elastically beftore overcoming the resistance of the mobile contact.

Description

MECANISMO DE GENERACIÓN ELÉCTRICA, A PARTIR DE ENERGÍA MECÁNICA POR INDUCCIÓN ELECTROMAGNÉTICA MECHANISM OF ELECTRICAL GENERATION, FROM MECHANICAL ENERGY BY ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION
La presente patente de invención tiene por objeto un mecanismo destinado a Ia generación de Ia energía eléctrica a partir de energía mecánica, por inducción electromagnética, siendo dicha energía mecánica aportada por el usuario al ser accionado el mecanismo manualmente o de un modo equivalente, energía eléctrica que será disponible para ser usada de inmediato. El mecanismo, a través del movimiento de algunos de sus componentes, origina Ia inversión brusca en el flujo magnético que pasa a través del núcleo de una bobina de que va provisto, provocando, según Ia Ley de Lenz, un voltaje o fuerza electromotriz puntual en los bornes de dicha bobina. La energía eléctrica así obtenida será utilizada, debidamente acondicionada, para alimentar cualquier dispositivo cuya demanda de energía sea puntual y limitada al momento de su accionamiento. De este modo, puede, por ejemplo, sustituir a las pilas o baterías que actualmente se usan para el accionamiento de diversos sensores y emisores inalámbricos.The present invention patent aims at a mechanism for the generation of electrical energy from mechanical energy, by electromagnetic induction, said mechanical energy being provided by the user when the mechanism is operated manually or in an equivalent way, electrical energy which will be available for immediate use. The mechanism, through the movement of some of its components, causes the sudden inversion in the magnetic flux that passes through the core of a coil that is provided, causing, according to Lenz's Law, a voltage or point electromotive force in the terminals of said coil. The electrical energy thus obtained will be used, properly conditioned, to power any device whose energy demand is punctual and limited at the time of its activation. In this way, it can, for example, replace the batteries that are currently used for the actuation of various sensors and wireless transmitters.
ESTADO DE LA TÉCNICASTATE OF THE TECHNIQUE
Es sobradamente conocido desde hace tiempo el uso de dispositivos que permiten Ia generación de energía eléctrica, a partir de una fuente de energía mecánica aplicada, mediante el fenómeno de Ia inducción electromagnética, especialmente en el ámbito de Ia alta potencia. Aunque menos habituales, también existen dispositivos que funcionan según este principio para usos que requieren potencias mucho menores; entre muchas, una muestra de esto último se puede encontrar en las reivindicaciones de Ia patente GB1312927 de ZENTRONIK VEB. En, ella se reivindica un dispositivo que implementa el principio de funcionamiento mencionado. Sin embargo, Ia fuerza electromotriz inducida se produce mediante Ia rotación entre dos posiciones estables, fijadas por sendos topes, de un imán permanente que en ningún caso llega a establecerIt is well known for a long time the use of devices that allow the generation of electrical energy, from a source of applied mechanical energy, by the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction, especially in the field of high power. Although less common, there are also devices that work according to this principle for uses that require much lower powers; among many, a sample of the latter can be found in the claims of patent GB1312927 of ZENTRONIK VEB. In , she claims a device that implements the aforementioned operating principle. However, the induced electromotive force is produced by the rotation between two stable positions, fixed by two stops, of a permanent magnet that in no case gets to establish
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) contacto con el núcleo de Ia bobina, como se aprecia en sus figuras 1 y 2, Io cual provoca un entrehierro permanente, que es causa de una gran reducción del flujo aprovechable en Ia bobina.SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) contact with the core of the coil, as seen in its figures 1 and 2, which causes a permanent air gap, which is the cause of a great reduction of the usable flow in the coil.
Por otro lado, es ampliamente conocida Ia tecnología de conmutación de cargas eléctricas mediante los dispositivos conocidos como relés, en los cuales un contacto metálico abre o cierra, un circuito eléctrico mediante Ia acción magnética en el mecanismo del relé por Ia excitación eléctrica de una bobina.On the other hand, it is widely known the technology of switching electric charges by means of devices known as relays, in which a metallic contact opens or closes, an electric circuit by means of the magnetic action in the relay mechanism by the electrical excitation of a coil .
Los relés pueden ser, en Io que se refiere a su modo de operación, de tipo monoestable, cuando el contacto metálico vuelve espontáneamente a su posición inicial de reposo al cesar Ia acción inductora de Ia bobina, o de tipo biestable, cuando ambas posiciones del contacto son estables y para pasar de una a Ia otra es necesario excitar Ia bobina en el sentido adecuado. Un buen ejemplo de este último tipo de relés Io constituyen los objetos de las patentes EP0157029, EP0303054, JP59003904, JP559021006, US4727344 y US4626813 de OMRON TAETISI Electronics Co. que, como se verá más adelante, han servido de base y punto de partida de Ia presente invención. DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓNThe relays can be, in what refers to their mode of operation, of the monostable type, when the metallic contact spontaneously returns to its initial resting position when the inductive action of the coil ceases, or of the bistable type, when both positions of the Contact are stable and to pass from one to the other it is necessary to excite the coil in the proper direction. A good example of this latest type of relay Io are the objects of patents EP0157029, EP0303054, JP59003904, JP559021006, US4727344 and US4626813 of OMRON TAETISI Electronics Co. which, as will be seen below, have served as the basis and starting point for The present invention. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
En Ia siguiente descripción se detalla el objeto de Ia presente invención, consistente en el diseño de un mecanismo de disposición constructiva semejante a los reivindicados en las mencionadas patentes EP 0157029, EP0303054, JP59003904, JP559021006, US4727344 y US4626813 bien que, pensado y adaptado para funcionar de manera inversa y con un propósito totalmente diferente, puesto que, mientras en las patentes mencionadas el mecanismo es accionado aplicando un voltaje en los bornes de Ia bobina que produce Ia conmutación mecánica de una de las posiciones estables del relé a Ia otra, en el mecanismo objeto de Ia presente invención el accionamiento, que se realiza manualmente o de modo equivalente, se basa en forzar mecánicamente el paso brusco de Ia posición estable original del mecanismo a Ia otra, Io cual produce un voltaje inducido en los bornes de una bobina que envuelve el núcleo del mecanismo, todo ello en virtud de Ia adecuada disposición de los elementos del mismo. Al llevar a cabo Ia acción mecánica sobre el mecanismo, se produce el desplazamiento de las extensiones polares de que está provisto el mecanismo, y entre las que está ubicado el núcleo magnético de Ia bobina del conjunto.In the following description the object of the present invention is detailed, consisting in the design of a construction arrangement mechanism similar to those claimed in the aforementioned patents EP 0157029, EP0303054, JP59003904, JP559021006, US4727344 and US4626813, which, thought and adapted for operate in an inverse manner and with a totally different purpose, since, while in the mentioned patents, the mechanism is activated by applying a voltage on the terminals of the coil that produces the mechanical switching of one of the stable positions of the relay to the other, in The mechanism object of the present invention, the drive, which is carried out manually or equivalently, is based on mechanically forcing the abrupt passage of the original stable position of the mechanism to the other, which produces an induced voltage at the terminals of a coil that envelops the core of the mechanism, all by virtue of the adequate arrangement of the elements thereof. When carrying out the mechanical action on the mechanism, the displacement of the polar extensions of which the mechanism is provided occurs, and between which the magnetic core of the assembly coil is located.
Este desplazamiento hace que Ia extensión polar que ha estado en contacto continuo con el núcleo magnético mientras el mecanismo ha estado en reposo, deje su posición y sea Ia otra extensión polar, simétrica a Ia interior, Ia que entra en contacto con el núcleo magnético, produciéndose Ia inversión del circuito magnético y, con ello, Ia producción de un voltaje inducido en los bornes de Ia bobina tal como antes se describió.This displacement causes the polar extension that has been in continuous contact with the magnetic core while the mechanism has been at rest, leaves its position and is the other polar extension, symmetrical to the interior, the one that comes into contact with the magnetic core, producing the inversion of the magnetic circuit and, with it, the production of an induced voltage in the terminals of the coil as described above.
El voltaje así obtenido, debidamente tratado mediante un circuito electrónico apropiado, se usará, entre otras aplicaciones prácticas, por ejemplo, para alimentar el circuito electrónico de un emisor de radiofrecuencia de bajo consumo, cuya demanda de energía es puntual y limitada al momento de su accionamiento.The voltage thus obtained, duly treated by an appropriate electronic circuit, will be used, among other practical applications, for example, to power the electronic circuit of a low-consumption radio frequency emitter, whose energy demand is punctual and limited at the time of its drive
De este modo, se puede prescindir de las problemáticas pilas o baterías con las que normalmente se alimentan estos dispositivos y conseguir que sean totalmente independientes, en Io que a suministro de energía se refiere, de Ia instalación o sistema del que formen parte. No queda limitada Ia esencialidad de Ia presente invención a Io descrito anteriormente, sino que, mediante Ia inclusión de un acelerador en el sistema, se logra, en primer lugar, que Ia acción mecánica sea instantánea, produciendo un pico de voltaje más elevado, de acuerdo con Ia anteriormente mencionada ley de Lenz, y en segundo lugar, dadas las especiales características de deformación elástica brusca del mencionado acelerador, se produce el retorno de los elementos del mecanismo a su posición inicial de reposo, produciéndose en este segundo desplazamiento, un segundo pico de voltaje, Io cual redunda en el hecho práctico de que, con una sola acción mecánica sobre el mecanismo se logra Ia producción de voltaje en dos ocasiones consecutivas, con las ventajas de ello derivadas.In this way, it is possible to dispense with the problematic batteries or batteries with which these devices are normally powered and ensure that they are totally independent, in what refers to the power supply, of the installation or system of which they are part. The essentiality of the present invention is not limited to that described above, but, by the inclusion of an accelerator in the system, it is achieved, first, that the mechanical action is instantaneous, producing a higher voltage peak, of according to the aforementioned Lenz law, and secondly, given the special characteristics of sudden elastic deformation of said accelerator, the return of the elements of the mechanism to its initial resting position, producing in this second displacement, a second voltage peak, which results in the practical fact that, with a single mechanical action on the mechanism, the production of voltage is achieved on two consecutive occasions, with the advantages of it derived.
Debe indicarse, complementando Io anteriormente descrito, que Ia citada ley de Lenz, básica en electromagnetismo, hace referencia y regula todo Io referente a Ia inducción electromagnética, basada en el fenómeno por el que se genera un voltaje o fuerza electromotriz en un inductor, al variar el flujo del campo magnético que actúa sobre el mismo.It should be noted, complementing the previously described, that the aforementioned law of Lenz, basic in electromagnetism, makes reference and regulates everything related to electromagnetic induction, based on the phenomenon by which a voltage or electromotive force is generated in an inductor, when vary the flux of the magnetic field that acts on it.
Es pues este principio el que aprovecha el mecanismo objeto de Ia presente invención, mediante el cambio o variación del flujo del campo magnético al variar Ia posición de determinados elementos que Io componen, concretamente Ia de las extensiones polares, con referencia al núcleo magnético del mecanismo.It is therefore this principle that takes advantage of the mechanism object of the present invention, by changing or varying the flux of the magnetic field by varying the position of certain elements that comprise it, specifically that of the polar extensions, with reference to the magnetic core of the mechanism .
Con Ia finalidad de describir con todo detalle las características esenciales del mecanismo objeto de Ia presente invención, se adjuntan unos dibujos en los que se ha representado una realización práctica del mismo, a modo de ejemplo. En dichos dibujos,In order to describe in detail the essential characteristics of the mechanism object of the present invention, some drawings are attached in which a practical embodiment thereof has been represented, by way of example. In these drawings,
La Figura 1 es una vista en perspectiva y explosión de los diferentes componentes del mecanismo que se describe, provisto de brazo basculante y que permitirá conseguir Ia energía eléctrica deseada; La Figura 2 dibuja en perspectiva el conjunto montado;Figure 1 is a perspective and explosion view of the different components of the mechanism described, provided with a tilting arm and which will allow the desired electrical energy to be achieved; Figure 2 shows the assembled assembly in perspective;
La Figura 3 dibuja, también en perspectiva, y explosión los diferentes componentes del mecanismo provisto de un elemento de deformación brusca;Figure 3 also draws, in perspective, and explodes the different components of the mechanism provided with an abrupt deformation element;
La Figura 4 dibuja en perspectiva el mecanismo de Ia anterior figura, ya montado; Las Figuras 5, 6 y 7 dibujan, en sección, el mecanismo mostrando Ia acción de Ia fuerza ejercida sobre el brazo basculante: en Ia figura 5 aún no iniciada, en Ia figura 6 iniciada y provocando el doblado de Ia pletina y en Ia figura 7 Ia posición final del cuerpo del mecanismo, cuando Ia fuerza ejercida por Ia pletina supere a Ia fuerza que mantenía el cuerpo en su posición; La Figura 8 dibuja, también en perspectiva, parte del conjunto, según las figuras 2 y 4, pero sin el brazo de accionamiento ni los elementos junto a él situados. La Figura 9 es una vista en sección del mecanismo en su realización con el elemento de deformación brusca, en su posición inicial, o de reposo, cuando aun no se ha ejercido sobre éste Ia acción mecánica básica; La Figura 10 muestra, en perspectiva, una vista del mecanismo seccionado longitudinalmente, donde se ha indicado, mediante una línea de trazos y esquemáticamente, el flujo del campo magnético, cuando el mecanismo se encuentra en Ia posición inicial, según las figuras 4, 5 y 9, no estando representada Ia bobina en el conjunto del mecanismo; La Figura 11 es una vista en sección del mecanismo según Ia figura 9 en Ia posición, no estable, cuando se ha ejercido sobre él Ia acción mecánica básica;Figure 4 draws in perspective the mechanism of the previous figure, already assembled; Figures 5, 6 and 7 draw, in section, the mechanism showing the action of the force exerted on the swing arm: in figure 5 not yet started, in figure 6 started and causing the bending of the plate and in the figure 7 the final position of the body of the mechanism, when the force exerted by the plate exceeds the force that held the body in position; Figure 8 also draws, in perspective, part of the assembly, according to Figures 2 and 4, but without the drive arm or the elements next to it. Figure 9 is a sectional view of the mechanism in its embodiment with the abrupt deformation element, in its initial position, or at rest, when the basic mechanical action has not yet been exerted on it; Figure 10 shows, in perspective, a longitudinally sectioned view of the mechanism, where the flow of the magnetic field has been indicated by a broken line and schematically, when the mechanism is in the initial position, according to Figures 4, 5 and 9, the coil not being represented in the whole mechanism; Figure 11 is a sectional view of the mechanism according to Figure 9 in the non-stable position, when the basic mechanical action has been exerted on it;
Finalmente, Ia Figura 12, es otra vista esquemática, seccionada y en perspectiva del mecanismo mostrado, con una línea de trazos, el flujo magnético en el mismo, según Ia posición de Ia figura anterior.Finally, Figure 12 is another schematic, sectioned and perspective view of the mechanism shown, with a dashed line, the magnetic flux in it, according to the position of the previous figure.
De acuerdo con los dibujos mencionados, el mecanismo objeto de Ia presente invención está constituido por el cuerpo (1), en forma de U, con sus dos brazos laterales (1a) y su apéndice posterior (2), sobre el que se actúa con el brazo basculante (3), a través de una pletina en forma de U (4), cuyos dos brazos laterales descansan sobre unas aletas laterales (2a) del apéndice (2) del cuerpo (1).In accordance with the aforementioned drawings, the mechanism object of the present invention is constituted by the body (1), in a U-shape, with its two lateral arms (1a) and its posterior appendix (2), on which it is operated with the swing arm (3), through a plate in the form of U (4), whose two lateral arms rest on lateral fins (2a) of the appendix (2) of the body (1).
La pletina en forma de U (4) queda situada en el conjunto al encajar en el interior de una entalla (3b) que al efecto posee dicho brazo basculante (3) en su cara frontal.The U-shaped plate (4) is located in the assembly by fitting inside a notch (3b) that for this purpose has said swing arm (3) on its front face.
El mencionado brazo basculante (3) posee en cada uno de sus extremos, sendos puntos de apoyo a modo de tetones (3a), que permitirán su giro, mientras que bajo él quedan situados los dos muelles helicoidales cilindricos (3c) que harán retomar el brazo (3) a su posición inicial al dejar de presionarle.The said swing arm (3) has at each of its ends, two points of support as a lug (3a), which will allow its rotation, while under it are located the two helical cylindrical springs (3c) that will take up the arm (3) to its initial position when it stops pressing.
Cuando Ia fuerza de empuje, ejercida a través del brazo basculante (3), supera Ia resistencia ejercida por Ia deformación propia de Ia pletina en forma de U (4), se produce rápida y simultáneamente Ia flexión de dicha pletina en forma de U(4) y Ia separación de las superficies en contacto de las piezas siguientes: (tridente (5), núcleo magnético (6) y bobina (7), en su posición inicial, con Ia consecuente apertura del circuito magnético y el paso brusco del conjunto contacto-móvil, constituido por las piezas imán permanente (8) y sus extensiones polares (9), a su otra posición inestable, ayudado por Ia flexión de Ia pletina en U (4). En esta posición inestable es Ia otra extensión polar (9) Ia que está entonces en contacto con el núcleo (6) y Ia contraria con el tridente (5).When the pushing force, exerted through the tilting arm (3), exceeds the resistance exerted by the deformation proper of the U-shaped plate (4), the flexion of said U-shaped plate occurs quickly and simultaneously ( 4) and the separation of the contact surfaces of the following parts: (trident (5), magnetic core (6) and coil (7), in its initial position, with the consequent opening of the magnetic circuit and the abrupt passage of the assembly mobile-contact, constituted by the permanent magnet pieces (8) and their polar extensions (9), to their other unstable position, aided by the flexion of the U-plate (4). In this unstable position is the other polar extension ( 9) The one that is then in contact with the core (6) and the opposite with the trident (5).
Así pues, y según Io descrito, en Ia primera acción sobre el apéndice (2) del cuerpo (1), este cambio brusco de Ia posición inicial estable del mecanismo a Ia otra posición transitoria, superando Ia resistencia ejercida por Ia pletina (4) y por Ia resistencia magnética del imán (8), provoca una inversión, también brusca, del flujo magnético A, creado inicialmente por dicho imán (8) en el núcleo (6), inversión que es el fundamento de Ia generación de energía buscada, pues, en virtud de Ia ley de Lenz, esta inversión de flujo induce en los bornes de Ia bobina (7) un pico de voltaje que será mayor cuanto más breve sea Ia conmutación. Este voltaje es el que, debidamente acondicionado, sirve para sustituir el que normalmente proporcionan los actuales medios conocidos y comúnmente utilizados, como son las pilas o baterías.Thus, and as described, in the first action on the appendix (2) of the body (1), this abrupt change from the stable initial position of the mechanism to the other transitory position, overcoming the resistance exerted by the plate (4) and by the magnetic resistance of the magnet (8), it causes an inversion, also abrupt, of the magnetic flux A, initially created by said magnet (8) in the core (6), an inversion that is the foundation of the generation of energy sought, therefore, by virtue of Lenz's law, this flow inversion induces in the terminals of the coil (7) a voltage peak that will be greater the shorter the switching. This voltage is the one that, properly conditioned, serves to replace the one normally provided by the current known and commonly used means, such as batteries.
Al cesar Ia acción externa sobre el apéndice posterior (2) del cuerpo (1), Ia acción recuperadora del elemento de retorno al efecto instalado, que no es otro que los muelles helicoidales (3c), situados bajo el brazo basculante (3) que obliga al conjunto de contacto móvil, constituido por el imán permanente (8) y sus extensiones polares (9) a retornar rápidamente a su posición estable inicial, de las figuras 5, 9 y 10, con Io cual vuelve a generarse, por el mismo procedimiento anterior, una inversión brusca del flujo B, y una fuerza electromotriz de igual valor, aunque de polaridad opuesta, que es aprovechada igualmente para aportar un segundo pico, de alimentación al circuito-carga conectado al mecanismo generador descrito. De este modo es posible conseguir extraer todo el potencial energético del sistema para implementar un mayor número de funcionalidades, mediante una sola acción.When the external action on the posterior appendix (2) of the body (1) ceases, the recovery action of the return element to the installed effect, which is none other than the coil springs (3c), located under the tilting arm (3) that it forces the mobile contact assembly, constituted by the permanent magnet (8) and its polar extensions (9) to return quickly to its initial stable position, of figures 5, 9 and 10, with which it is generated again, by the same previous procedure, an abrupt inversion of the flow B, and an electromotive force of equal value, although of opposite polarity, which is also used to provide a second peak, supply to the load circuit connected to the described generating mechanism. In this way it is possible to extract all the energy potential of the system to implement a greater number of functionalities, through a single action.
En el cuerpo (1) o (10), y tal como se dibuja en las figuras 2 y 4, quedan perfectamente ubicados y montados, los elementos que componen el mecanismo y que son el tridente (5), el núcleo magnético (6), que se sitúa en el interior de Ia bobina (7), el imán permanente (8) y las extensiones polares (9) del mismo.In the body (1) or (10), and as drawn in Figures 2 and 4, the elements that make up the mechanism and that are the trident (5), the magnetic core (6) are perfectly located and mounted. , which is located inside the coil (7), the permanent magnet (8) and the polar extensions (9) thereof.
El imán permanente (8) junto con sus extensiones polares (9) quedan ubicados en el cuerpo (1) y constituyen el conjunto de contacto móvil, mientras que el tridente (5) el núcleo magnético (6) y Ia bobina (7) forman el conjunto de circuito magnético.The permanent magnet (8) together with its polar extensions (9) are located in the body (1) and constitute the mobile contact assembly, while the trident (5) the magnetic core (6) and the coil (7) form The magnetic circuit assembly.
Al ejercer una fuerza sobre el brazo basculante (3), éste gira sobre sus dos apoyos a modo de tetones (3a) y Ia pletina en forma de U (4) se va doblando.When exerting a force on the tilting arm (3), it rotates on its two supports as a stud (3a) and the U-shaped plate (4) bends.
Al llegar el momento en que Ia fuerza que se ejerce sobre Ia pletina en forma de U (4) y, en consecuencia, de ésta sobre las dos aletas laterales (2a) del apéndice (2) del cuerpo (1), es mayor que Ia fuerza que mantenía el cuerpo (1) en su posición inicial, según se observa en las figuras 5 y 6, se vence Ia fuerza magnética ejercida por el imán (8) sobre Ia extensión polar (9) que está en contacto con él, pasándose de forma casi instantánea a Ia otra posición, según Ia figura 7, todo ello aprovechando Ia energía elástica de Ia pletina (4) deformada.At the moment when the force exerted on the U-shaped plate (4) and, consequently, on the two lateral fins (2a) of the appendix (2) of the body (1), is greater than The force that it kept the body (1) in its initial position, as seen in figures 5 and 6, the magnetic force exerted by the magnet (8) on the polar extension (9) that is in contact with it is overcome, passing in a way almost instantaneous to the other position, according to figure 7, all of this taking advantage of the elastic energy of the deformed plate (4).
Tal como se ha descrito, el cambio de posición del cuerpo (1) se efectúa venciendo Ia resistencia que ofrece el conjunto de contacto móvil, (formado por el imán permanente (8) y sus extensiones polares (9), para salir de su posición inicial de reposo o equilibrio, provocada por Ia acción de Ia fuerza magnética de atracción entre las piezas siguientes: el tridenteAs described, the change of position of the body (1) is effected by overcoming the resistance offered by the mobile contact assembly (formed by the permanent magnet (8) and its polar extensions (9), to exit its position initial rest or balance, caused by the action of the magnetic force of attraction between the following pieces: the trident
(5), el núcleo magnético (6) y las extensiones polares (9) que, en Ia posición inicial, se opone al desplazamiento del cuerpo (1) por Ia acción mecánica básica ejercida mediante Ia palanca de accionamiento. En esta posición inicial, Ia extensión polar (9) inferior, se encuentra en contacto con el núcleo (6).(5), the magnetic core (6) and the polar extensions (9) which, in the initial position, opposes the displacement of the body (1) by the basic mechanical action exerted by means of the operating lever. In this initial position, the lower polar extension (9) is in contact with the core (6).
En estas dos acciones sucesivas y opuestas, tal como se ha indicado anteriormente, las extensiones polares (9) contactarán sucesivamente, una u otra, sobre el núcleo (6) de Ia bobina (7).In these two successive and opposite actions, as indicated above, the polar extensions (9) will contact successively, one or the other, on the core (6) of the coil (7).
Una variante de realización práctica del mecanismo objeto de Ia presente invención consiste en Ia disposición bajo el apéndice posteriorA variant of practical implementation of the mechanism object of the present invention consists in the arrangement under the subsequent appendix
(11) del cuerpo (10) de una pletina de deformación brusca (12). Al accionar mediante una adecuada palanca de accionamiento, no representada en los dibujos, sobre el apéndice (11), éste presiona sobre dicha pletina elástica (12), de deformación brusca, fijada sobre una base adecuada (12a). En esta variante, el cuerpo (10) difiere ligeramente del cuerpo (1) anteriormente descrito, por Ia forma del apéndice posterior (11), carente de las aletas laterales (2a) que posee el apéndice (2). Este cuerpo (10) está provisto de unos brazos (10a).(11) of the body (10) of an abrupt deformation plate (12). When operated by means of a suitable operating lever, not shown in the drawings, on the appendix (11), it presses on said elastic plate (12), of sudden deformation, fixed on a suitable base (12a). In this variant, the body (10) differs slightly from the body (1) described above, due to the shape of the posterior appendix (11), lacking the lateral fins (2a) that the appendix (2) possesses. This body (10) is provided with arms (10a).
Es de destacar, asimismo, Ia forma especial de Ia pletina (12), elaborada con material elástico, que permite su deformación elástica al ser presionada y el regreso inmediato a su posición inicial, al cesar Ia presión.It is also noteworthy the special form of the plate (12), made with elastic material, which allows its elastic deformation to the be pressed and the immediate return to its initial position, when the pressure ceases.
Una vez que se deja de aplicar Ia fuerza sobre el apéndice (11) del cuerpo (10), se libera de forma brusca Ia energía elástica de Ia pletina (12) volviendo ésta a su posición inicial, provocando un segundo cambio brusco del campo magnético, tal como se representa en Ia figura 10, e incidiendo una nueva diferencia de potencial o voltaje en los bornes de Ia bobina (7).Once the force is no longer applied on the appendix (11) of the body (10), the elastic energy of the plate (12) is released abruptly, returning it to its initial position, causing a second abrupt change of the magnetic field , as shown in Figure 10, and a new difference in potential or voltage affecting the terminals of the coil (7).
Esta pletina de deformación brusca (12) tiene como finalidad dos funciones: En primer lugar, Ia de hacer retornar todo el sistema a su posición inicial, gracias a su condición elástica, y en segundo lugar, Ia de producir repentinamente el cambio de su forma o perfil exterior, dadas las características de su diseño y del material de deformación brusca, con que ha sido elaborada. En alguna realización práctica, esta pletina de deformación brusca (12) podrá ser sustituida por un resorte o muelle que sólo aportará Ia parte elástica de su comportamiento.This plate of sudden deformation (12) has two functions as its purpose: Firstly, the one to return the entire system to its initial position, thanks to its elastic condition, and secondly, the one to suddenly change its shape or external profile, given the characteristics of its design and the material of sudden deformation, with which it has been elaborated. In some practical embodiment, this sudden deformation plate (12) may be replaced by a spring or spring that will only provide the elastic part of its behavior.
La actuación sobre el apéndice posterior (2) ó (11) del cuerpo (1) ó (10), podrá llevarse a cabo, en otra realización práctica, mediante un interruptor inalámbrico que accionará el mecanismo, dando Ia orden determinada necesaria.The action on the subsequent appendix (2) or (11) of the body (1) or (10), can be carried out, in another practical embodiment, by means of a wireless switch that will activate the mechanism, giving the necessary determined order.
Descrito suficientemente el objeto de Ia presente invención, se indica que las variaciones en dimensiones y formas, así como tipos de materiales y características de los diversos componentes del mecanismo, no alterarán Ia esencialidad de Ia invención, que se resume en las siguientes reivindicaciones. Described sufficiently the object of the present invention, it is indicated that variations in dimensions and shapes, as well as types of materials and characteristics of the various components of the mechanism, will not alter the essentiality of the invention, which is summarized in the following claims.

Claims

R E I V I N D I C A C I O N E S R E I V I N D I C A C I O N E S
1a.- Mecanismo de generación de energía eléctrica, a partir de energía mecánica, por inducción electromagnética, energía mecánica que es aportada por el usuario al accionarlo manualmente, o de modo equivalente, siendo utilizada dicha energía eléctrica generada para atender Ia demanda por parte de un determinado dispositivo que precise energía de forma puntual y limitada al momento de su accionamiento, caracterizado por estar constituido por un cuerpo (1), provisto de dos brazos laterales (1a) y un apéndice posterior (2) sobre el que actuará un brazo basculante (3), quedando dispuestos en el interior del cuerpo (1) los componentes siguientes: un tridente (5), un núcleo magnético (6), situado en el interior de Ia bobina (7), que constituyen el conjunto fijo del circuito magnético, y un imán permanente (8) junto con sus dos extensiones polares (9), que constituyen el conjunto de contacto móvil, que se desplazará al cambiar de posición el cuerpo (1).1 .- mechanism generating electrical energy from mechanical energy, by electromagnetic induction, mechanical energy is supplied by the user when activated manually, or equivalently, in use said electric energy generated to meet Ia demand from of a certain device that requires energy in a timely manner and limited at the time of its operation, characterized by being constituted by a body (1), provided with two lateral arms (1a) and a posterior appendix (2) on which an arm will act tilting (3), the following components being arranged inside the body (1): a trident (5), a magnetic core (6), located inside the coil (7), which constitute the fixed circuit assembly magnetic, and a permanent magnet (8) together with its two polar extensions (9), which constitute the mobile contact assembly, which will move when the body (1) changes position.
2a.- Mecanismo de generación de energía eléctrica, a partir de energía mecánica, por inducción electromagnética, según Ia anterior reivindicación, en el que Ia energía mecánica es aportada por Ia acción sobre el brazo basculante (3), caracterizado porque está provisto de una pletina en forma de U (4), cuyos dos brazos laterales descansan sobre unas aletas laterales (2a) del apéndice (2) del cuerpo (1), quedando sujeta dicha pletina en forma de U (4), encajada en una entalla (3b) practicada en el brazo basculante (3), de manera que al ejercer Ia fuerza de empuje sobre dicho brazo (3) se vence Ia resistencia ejercida por Ia deformación de Ia pletina (4) y por Ia propia acción magnética del imán permanente (8), provocando el cambio brusco del mecanismo desde su posición inicial estable a una segunda posición transitoria, disponiéndose, asimismo, bajo el brazo basculante (3) unos muelles helicoidales cilindricos (3c) de retorno. 3a.- Mecanismo de generación de energía eléctrica, a partir de energía mecánica, por inducción electromagnética, según las anteriores reivindicaciones, caracterizado porque los componentes que constituyen el conjunto de contacto móvil, imán permanente (8) y sus dos extensiones polares (9), al desplazarse cuando se ejerce Ia presión por energía mecánica sobre el apéndice (3), cambiando de posición inicial, provoca una inversión brusca del flujo magnético A, creado por el imán permanente (8), generando el flujo magnético B, flujo electromagnético de igual valor y sentido inverso, mientras que al cesar Ia acción sobre el apéndice (2) del cuerpo (1), los componentes del conjunto de contacto móvil del mecanismo, retoman rápidamente a su posición estable inicial, generando un voltaje o fuerza electromotriz de igual valor y polaridad inversa, aprovechada para aportar un segundo lapso de alimentación de energía eléctrica, llevándose a cabo, desde Ia posición inicial del mecanismo hasta Ia posición inestable, el cambio de contacto entre cada una de las dos extensiones polares (9) sobre el núcleo magnético (6) de Ia bobina (7).2 .- mechanism generating electrical energy from mechanical energy, by electromagnetic induction, according to the previous claim, wherein the mechanical energy is provided by the action on the swivel arm (3), wherein is provided a U-shaped plate (4), whose two lateral arms rest on lateral fins (2a) of the appendix (2) of the body (1), said U-shaped plate (4) being held, embedded in a notch ( 3b) practiced in the swing arm (3), so that by exerting the pushing force on said arm (3) the resistance exerted by the deformation of the plate (4) and by the magnetic action of the permanent magnet ( 8), causing the abrupt change of the mechanism from its stable initial position to a second transient position, also providing, under the tilting arm (3), cylindrical helical springs (3c) return. 3 .- Mechanism power generation, from mechanical energy, by electromagnetic induction, according to the above claims, characterized in that the components that constitute the mobile contact assembly, permanent magnet (8) and its two polar extensions (9), when moving when mechanical pressure is exerted on the appendix (3), changing its initial position, causes a sharp inversion of the magnetic flux A, created by the permanent magnet (8), generating the magnetic flux B, electromagnetic flux of equal value and inverse direction, while at the end of the action on the appendix (2) of the body (1) , the components of the mobile contact assembly of the mechanism, quickly return to their initial stable position, generating a voltage or electromotive force of equal value and reverse polarity, used to provide a second period of power supply, being carried out, from Ia initial position of the mechanism until the unstable position, the change of contact between each of the two polar extensions (9) on the magnetic core tico (6) of the coil (7).
4a.- Mecanismo de generación de energía eléctrica, a partir de energía mecánica, por inducción electromagnética, según Ia reivindicación 1a, caracterizado por presentar Ia variante de un cuerpo (10) cuyo apéndice posterior (11) está provisto de unas aletas laterales (10a), y bajo el cual queda situada una pletina elástica de deformación brusca (12), de manera que al aportar una energía mecánica, el apéndice posterior (11) oprime dicha pletina (12).4 .- Mechanism generating electrical energy from mechanical energy, by electromagnetic induction, according to claim 1, characterized by the variant of a body (10) whose rear appendix (11) is provided with lateral wings (10a), and under which an elastic plate of sudden deformation (12) is located, so that when providing a mechanical energy, the posterior appendix (11) presses said plate (12).
5a .- Mecanismo de generación de energía eléctrica, a partir de energía mecánica, por inducción electromagnética, según las reivindicaciones 1a y 4a, caracterizado porque Ia pletina elástica de deformación brusca (12) posee una estructura en casquete que, al ejercerse sobre ella una acción de presión a través del apéndice (11) apoyado sobre dicha pletina (12), iniciará una deformación que, en un momento determinado y de forma brusca e instantánea, provoca que ceda en su totalidad, motivando el desplazamiento rápido e instantáneo del conjunto de contacto móvil (8) y (9), Io cual provoca a su vez, según Ia ley de Lenz, sobre inducción electromagnética, un pico de voltaje superior, deformación igualmente efectiva y en sentido contrario al cesar Ia presión sobre ésta pletina (12) y recuperar bruscamente su perfil inicial, acelerándose Ia inversión de flujo y obteniéndose de nuevo un voltaje de idénticas características al anterior. 5 .- mechanism generating electrical energy from mechanical energy, by electromagnetic induction according to claims 1 and 4, characterized in that the plate spring sudden deformation (12) has a structure in skullcap, the exertion on it an action of pressure through the appendix (11) supported on said plate (12), will initiate a deformation that, at a certain moment and in an abrupt and instantaneous way, causes it to give in its entirety, motivating the rapid and instantaneous displacement of the mobile contact assembly (8) and (9), which in turn causes, according to Ia Lenz's law, on electromagnetic induction, a peak of higher voltage, deformation equally effective and in the opposite direction when the pressure on this plate (12) ceases and abruptly recover its initial profile, accelerating the flow inversion and obtaining again a voltage of identical characteristics to the previous one.
PCT/ES2008/000389 2007-06-04 2008-05-30 Mechanism for generation of electric energy from mechanical energy, by electromagnetic induction WO2008148904A1 (en)

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CN106972780A (en) * 2017-04-01 2017-07-21 深圳市无电通科技有限公司 Change the passive back springing type switch of number of keys
CN106972780B (en) * 2017-04-01 2021-02-09 广东易百珑智能科技有限公司 Passive rebound switch capable of changing number of keys

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