WO2008133542A1 - Procédé de diagraphie marine par prospection électrique pendant le déplacement du navire et dispositif pour le mettre en oeuvre - Google Patents

Procédé de diagraphie marine par prospection électrique pendant le déplacement du navire et dispositif pour le mettre en oeuvre Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008133542A1
WO2008133542A1 PCT/RU2007/000207 RU2007000207W WO2008133542A1 WO 2008133542 A1 WO2008133542 A1 WO 2008133542A1 RU 2007000207 W RU2007000207 W RU 2007000207W WO 2008133542 A1 WO2008133542 A1 WO 2008133542A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrodes
receiving
pulses
pairs
medium
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PCT/RU2007/000207
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English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Evgeny Dmitrievich Lisitsin
Aleksandr Arkadyevich Petrov
Vladimir Eduardovich Kyasper
Petr Yuryevich Legeido
Nikolai Vasilevich Savchenko
Original Assignee
Obshchestvo S Ogranichennoy Otvetstvennostyu 'sibirskaya Geofizicheskaya Nauchno-Proizvodstvennaya Kompaniya'
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Application filed by Obshchestvo S Ogranichennoy Otvetstvennostyu 'sibirskaya Geofizicheskaya Nauchno-Proizvodstvennaya Kompaniya' filed Critical Obshchestvo S Ogranichennoy Otvetstvennostyu 'sibirskaya Geofizicheskaya Nauchno-Proizvodstvennaya Kompaniya'
Priority to PCT/RU2007/000207 priority Critical patent/WO2008133542A1/fr
Publication of WO2008133542A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008133542A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
    • G01V3/12—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with electromagnetic waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
    • G01V3/08—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices
    • G01V3/083—Controlled source electromagnetic [CSEM] surveying

Definitions

  • the invention is known "Method of marine electric starter", patent RU, Ns 2069375, which use measurements based on registration of the ratio of the second potential difference to the first.
  • the method allows to increase the sensitivity, but judging by the changes in the characteristic parameters of the graph: the ordinates of the minimum, gradients of the descending and ascending branches, as well as the interpretational transformations of the measured parameter, the presence of anomalous zones of the polarization effect of the section.
  • the method does not have sufficient resolution in marine conditions due to noise arising in the receiving electrodes.
  • the invention is known as “Method for electrical exploration by excitation of a pulsed electromagnetic field”, patent RU, JVs 2094829, in which the electromagnetic field induction intensity is recorded in the pauses between current pulses caused by polarization, determining geoelectric heterogeneities.
  • the proposed solution is based only on a specific form of visualization of data measured on a single spacing and does not use any model representations of the studied medium.
  • geoelectrical exploration of the deposit is carried out based on the study of transient processes during the formation of a field in a medium after exposure to a field by direct current pulses.
  • the studied curves of the field formation during the transient process can be distorted as a result of the influence of intrinsic processes in the receiving electrodes on the measured established electric fields.
  • the presented models of the medium, including the geoelectric section can be significantly distorted.
  • the technical result of the group of inventions is to increase the reliability of the research results.
  • the problem is solved using the following method of marine electrical exploration.
  • the method of marine electrical exploration characterized in that they perform profiling by excitation in the medium of periodic alternating current pulses during the movement of the vessel, for which bipolar rectangular pulses of direct current are generated, the duration and duty cycle of which is set programmatically based on the estimated total conductivity of the geological section and the expected depth of the deposit, simultaneously measure the electric field at the pairs of receiving electrodes (spacing) of the receiving multichannel the lines, both during DC pulses and in the pauses between them, select the parameter for a given spatial point in the medium s of a layered conducting and polarizing medium so that the values of the characteristics of the calculated field of this medium coincide with the values of simultaneous measurements on all the spacings of the receiving multichannel line, obtained both during direct current pulses and in the pauses between them, repeat the selection of the parameters of the layered conducting and polarizing medium for each given point of the observation profile, build geoelectric sections of the medium, make a conclusion about the presence of hydrocarbon deposits according to
  • the above method is carried out using a device for marine electrical exploration in the movement of a vessel, consisting of a block for generating an exciting field (1), including a ship generator (2), a switch (3) that generates bipolar rectangular pulses of direct current, a generator set (4), and ballast device (5), and a signal measuring unit (6), including a receiving multi-electrode line (7), a resistivity meter (8), a multi-channel measuring device (9), a marine echo sounder (U), a receiver-indicator Global Position System (GPS) ( 11) and a processor for
  • a device for marine electrical exploration in the movement of a vessel consisting of a block for generating an exciting field (1), including a ship generator (2), a switch (3) that generates bipolar rectangular pulses of direct current, a generator set (4), and ballast device (5), and a signal measuring unit (6), including a receiving multi-electrode line (7), a resistivity meter (8), a multi-channel measuring device (9),
  • signal processing (12) characterized in that in the block for generating the exciting field (1), the switch (3) provides the formation of bipolar rectangular current pulses on the supply electrodes (15.16) with a duration of 0.5 to 10 seconds and a current of 5 up to 1000A, with duty cycle of a sequence of pulses set by software, generating installation (4) consists of two cable lines, the first line (13) having a length of not more than 100 m and equipped with at least one radiating electrode (15) located at the end or near the end, and the second line (14) has a length of 500 to 1000 m and is equipped with at least one radiating electrode (16) located at the end or near the end, both lines are located behind the stern of the vessel, for example, parallel to each other and are made of cable with positive buoyancy of more than 5, for example -15%, radiating electrodes (15.16) are made of conductive material, providing them with prolonged failure during current transmission, a non-radiating ballast device (5) is placed behind the stern of the vessel and is a pair of multidirectional electric di
  • the pairs of receiving electrodes (17 and 18) are made non-polarizing to exclude the influence of the intrinsic processes of the electrodes on the measured established electric fields.
  • Non-polarizable electrodes can be, for example, chlorine - silver or chlorine-lead. It is possible, for example, to use non-polarizing electrodes, for example, VIRG systems.
  • the cable lines of the generator set can be made of conductive material and isolated from water.
  • the radiating electrodes of the generator set can be made, for example, of r-phytoplast.
  • the ballast device can be made of two cylindrical graphitoplast electrodes connected to the positive pole of the switch and separated by an insulating insulator insert, and at least two cathodes placed inside the insulating insert symmetrically to the axis of the electrodes, respectively, at an equal distance from the ends.
  • the ship's generator can be made in the form of a direct current generator or an alternating current generator equipped with a rectifier. Inside the second cable line of the generating set, the wires of the receiving multi-electrode cable line can be passed and the receiving multi-electrode cable line can be connected to the end of the second cable line of the generating set.
  • FIG. 1 General measurement scheme.
  • FIG. 2 The spatial location of the cable lines relative to the vessel.
  • FIG. 3, An example of comparing measurements of induced fields, taking into account the influence of the intrinsic potential of non-polarizing (upper curve) and polarizing - metal (lower curve) electrodes.
  • FIG. 4 ADC data graph
  • FIG. 5 is a graph showing an example of simultaneous selection on three spans.
  • FIG. 6 is a graphical image of a section fragment by polarizability.
  • the claimed method of marine electrical distribution in the movement of the vessel is carried out using a device that is mounted as follows. In a separate room on the vessel there is a switch (3), which is connected directly to the ship DC generator (2) or through a three-phase rectifier to the ship alternator. The switch generates bipolar pulses in the generator line (4), as well as switches the ship generator to the ballast device (5) to dissipate the generator power in the pauses between pulses.
  • ballast device does not create an external electric field, since it is a pair of multidirectional electric dipoles with equal moments.
  • Both branches (13, 14) of the generator line (4) are made of a floating cable in order to ensure minimum hydrodynamic drag during towing.
  • a multi-channel measuring device 9
  • the signal processing processor also receives information about the depth of the sea from the ship’s echo sounder (10) and the planned position of the vessel from the GPS satellite navigation system (11).
  • a multichannel measuring device (9) captures the magnitude of the field voltage in the given pairs of receiving electrodes (17, 18) and a resistivimeter (8) simultaneously.
  • the number of receiving non-polarizable electrodes is selected depending on the length of the receiving line and placed with a constant pitch (usually 200 m). The operation of non-polarizable pairs of receiving electrodes is as follows.
  • the non-polarizable electrode is arranged in such a way that the metal to which the tap is connected to connect it to the measuring device is in contact with a solution of its own salt, and this solution is an intermediate medium connecting the metal rod to the ground. Due to this, reversible electrochemical reactions occur at the metal – solution interface, and the random and arbitrary composition of the salts of the medium that comes into contact with the solution of the electrode salt affects only the diffusion potential of the electrode. The latter has a much smaller value than the electrode potential, and therefore does not significantly affect the magnitude and stability of the electrode potential as a whole. Difference potentials of two non-polarizable electrodes of the same design can be close to zero.
  • non-polarizable electrode As a non-polarizable electrode, various of the known non-polarizable electrodes can be taken, for example, those described in the Geophysics Handbook, Electrical Exploration,., Ed. V.K.Khmelevsky and V.M. Bondarenko., Book. 1, 2nd ed., Revised. and add. M. Nedra, 1989 (c.p. 91 - 93).
  • the receiving electrodes are sometimes placed in a common housing made of non-conductive material and filled with sea water. In this case, the error of the non-polarizable electrode is excluded due to the difference in the concentration of salts in the vessels and the temperatures of the electrodes.
  • the resistance meter is towed in the water column and provides a measure of its conductivity.
  • the signal processing processor is used for preliminary processing of all measured signals, including sonar and GPS data, for their fixation on a hard medium and visualization in real time to control the incoming information.
  • the device operates as follows. When the vessel exits to the profile start point, which is determined using the GPS system (11), the processor (12) is launched that controls the operation of the switch (3) and the signal measuring unit (6).
  • the processor issues a command to start generating a current pulse, for example, of positive polarity. After that, the data of the resistivimeter (8), GPS receiver and echo sounder (10) are recorded.
  • the pulse duration can be from 0.5 to 10 seconds, depending on the characteristics of the medium and the tasks to be solved.
  • the processor (12) controlling the switch (3) At a given point in time before the end of the pulse (for example, for 1/8 of the pulse duration), the processor (12) controlling the switch (3) generates a clock pulse arriving at the multichannel measuring device (9), which starts recording with a given discreteness of the steady-state field at all spacing (pairs) of the receiving line (7) and current in the generator set (2).
  • the sync pulse ends simultaneously with the end of the current pulse in the generator set (2), which in the receiving equipment is used as a signal to start the registration of the field decline.
  • the processor (12) issues a command to the switch (3) to switch the ship generator (2) to the ballast device (5), which is necessary to reduce the load surge on the ship generator.
  • the multichannel measuring device (9) begins to record, with a given discreteness, the samples of the potential difference of the established field on the pairs of non-polarizing electrodes (17.18) of the receiving line (7).
  • FIG. Figure 3 shows that the measured change in the induced field voltage when using a non-polarizable electrode does not undergo distortion introduced by the pairs of electrodes themselves, because a constant value ⁇ U of the contact potential difference (electrode potential) of non-polarizable electrodes is constant.
  • the non-polarizable electrode Since the non-polarizable electrode has a stable characteristic, it can only introduce a constant error equal to approximately the error of the non-polarizable electrode, which can be 0.1 - 0.3 mV per min, but it can be easily taken into account in the calculations. This constant value can, for example, be easily reset to zero when corrective voltage is applied to pairs of non-polarizable electrodes or taken into account as a constant error in the calculations, which is simply subtracted.
  • the ⁇ U value of the contact potential difference in the pairs of electrodes changes according to a difficult to predict rule, introducing a variable error into the subsequent calculations, which distorts the measurement results, and which cannot be taken into account, which reduces the reliability of the obtained measurement results.
  • a current pulse of negative polarity is formed in accordance with the above algorithm. From FIG. Figure 3 shows that the formation of the envelope curve characterizing the bipolar pulses of the induced field is relative to the curve of the contact potential difference of the electrodes, which is the carrier, which introduces distortion into the measured parameters. The formation of bipolar pulses with pauses between them occurs throughout the profile. Profiling is performed with the overhead generator line (4), the receiving line (7) and the anode-ballast device (5).
  • bipolar alternating rectangular rectangular pulses of direct current are generated, the duration and duty cycle of which is set programmatically in the range from 0.5 to 10 seconds based on the total conductivity of the geological section and the depth of the study, alternating current pulses and measuring signals in the receiving line (7) as during current transmission and in the pause between pulses, the electric field is simultaneously measured on the pairs (spacing) of the receiving electrodes (17.18) of the receiving multi-channel line and (7), both during DC pulses and in the pauses between DC pulses, for a given spatial point in the medium, the parameters of the model layered conducting and polarizing medium are selected so that the values of the characteristics of the calculated field of this medium coincide with the values of measurements on all pairs (spacing) of the receiving electrodes (17, 18) of the receiving multi-channel line (7), obtained both during the DC pulses and in the pauses between them, are repeated the parameters of the layered conductive and polarizing medium for each given spatial point of the vessel’s location over the geological profile
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an example of measured signals recorded by a multichannel measuring device ⁇ at six measuring spacings of the receiving line both during current transmission (the left part of the graphs) and in the pause between pulses.
  • the measured signals differ both in amplitude and in signal decay rate. Since the characteristic of the decay rate of the induced field signal does not introduce a variable error in the characteristic of the decay rate of the contact difference (electrode difference) of the potentials on non-polarizing electrodes, the measurement result is not distorted, and, therefore, the reliability of the measurements increases.
  • the electrode potential difference of a pair of grounded iron studs can reach tens or even the first hundreds of millivolts (mV), and its change over several minutes - units and even the first tens of mV, at that time as for brass electrodes, these values are an order of magnitude higher, and for non-polarizing electrodes - two orders of magnitude lower.
  • mV millivolts
  • the effect of the pairs of electrodes on the measured values is negligible, and they can be neglected, because they do not affect the final value in the calculations.
  • FIG. Figure 3 shows the measurements of induced fields, taking into account the influence of the intrinsic electrode potential of non-polarizing and polarizing - metal electrodes.
  • the zigzag curve of the measurement of the potential difference of the induced field is measured relative to a constant value ⁇ U of the contact potential difference of non-polarizing electrodes
  • the zigzag curve of the measurement of the potential difference of the induced field is measured relative to the variable ⁇ U of the contact potential difference of the polarized electrodes.
  • FIG. 5 shows an example of simultaneous selection on three spans.
  • the solid line shows the measured signals in the receiving line (7)
  • the dotted line is the model.
  • the model and experimental curves on all three of the given differences coincide in a wide time range.
  • the model and experimental curves on all three of the given differences coincide with the greatest degree of accuracy.
  • FIG. Figure 6 shows a section of a section by polarizability.
  • the anomalous zone between 10 and 20 pickets corresponds to the well-known hydrocarbon deposits (hydrocarbon deposits).
  • the advantage of this method and device is that when it is used, multivariate measurements are carried out in the movement of the vessel and the reliability of geophysical work is significantly increased.
  • the use of a multidimensional measurement scheme allows the detailed construction of a geological section along the observation profile, significantly reduces the noise introduced into the measurements by the system itself and reliably determines the presence of a hydrocarbon deposit.
  • this group of the invention makes it possible to more reliably build models of the geological section.
  • the technical result is ensured - increasing the reliability (reliability) of the research results, reducing the research time.
  • As a result of the construction of sections it is possible to quickly and with a high degree of certainty perform sounding of the seabed and predict hydrocarbon deposits.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)

Abstract

Pour assurer la fiabilité des résultats pendant la diagraphie par prospection électrique on excite des impulsions carrées bipolaires de courant continu à signe variable dont les paramètres sont fixés en fonction de la conductivité de la coupe et de la profondeur du gisement. On mesure simultanément le champ électrique dans des paires d'électrodes de réception, pendant les impulsions et lors des pauses, et l'on détermine les paramètres géo-électriques du milieu; on élimine l'influence des processus propres aux électrodes de réception sur les champs électriques ainsi formés et destinés à être mesurés. Le dispositif pour mettre en oeuvre ce procédé comprend une unité de génération de champ d'excitation dans laquelle un commutateur forme des impulsions sur les électrodes d'alimentation, une unité de génération qui est constituée de deux lignes de câbles parallèles, disposées derrière la poupe du navire, qui comporte des électrodes conductrices émettrices, un dispositif de ballast non émetteur se présentant comme une paire de dipôles électriques orientés dans des directions différentes et possédant des moments identiques, et une unité de mesure de signaux possédant des paires d'électrodes de réception non polarisables.
PCT/RU2007/000207 2007-04-26 2007-04-26 Procédé de diagraphie marine par prospection électrique pendant le déplacement du navire et dispositif pour le mettre en oeuvre WO2008133542A1 (fr)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106772620A (zh) * 2016-12-25 2017-05-31 中南大学 十字形三维电法勘探方法
CN110174704A (zh) * 2019-06-24 2019-08-27 青岛科技大学 一种基于triz理念的海洋电场传感器
CN111239835A (zh) * 2020-01-29 2020-06-05 中南大学 一种适用于狭长地形的正交传导电测深方法

Citations (5)

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SU1122998A1 (ru) * 1983-06-03 1984-11-07 Всесоюзное Морское Научно-Производственное Объединение Инженерной Геологии "Союзморинжгеология" Способ морской геоэлектроразведки
US4617518A (en) * 1983-11-21 1986-10-14 Exxon Production Research Co. Method and apparatus for offshore electromagnetic sounding utilizing wavelength effects to determine optimum source and detector positions
SU1369730A1 (ru) * 1985-09-13 1988-01-30 Научно-Исследовательский Институт Экспериментальной Медицины Амн Ссср Непол ризующийс электрод дл регистрации биоэлектрических процессов
SU1497601A1 (ru) * 1986-12-26 1989-07-30 Институт Земного Магнетизма, Ионосферы И Распространения Радиоволн Ан Ссср Свинцовый непол ризирующий электрод дл электроразведки "ТЕРЛИТ
RU2253881C1 (ru) * 2004-04-09 2005-06-10 ЛИСИЦЫН Евгений Дмитриевич Устройство для морской электроразведки в движении судна и способ морской электроразведки

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1122998A1 (ru) * 1983-06-03 1984-11-07 Всесоюзное Морское Научно-Производственное Объединение Инженерной Геологии "Союзморинжгеология" Способ морской геоэлектроразведки
US4617518A (en) * 1983-11-21 1986-10-14 Exxon Production Research Co. Method and apparatus for offshore electromagnetic sounding utilizing wavelength effects to determine optimum source and detector positions
SU1369730A1 (ru) * 1985-09-13 1988-01-30 Научно-Исследовательский Институт Экспериментальной Медицины Амн Ссср Непол ризующийс электрод дл регистрации биоэлектрических процессов
SU1497601A1 (ru) * 1986-12-26 1989-07-30 Институт Земного Магнетизма, Ионосферы И Распространения Радиоволн Ан Ссср Свинцовый непол ризирующий электрод дл электроразведки "ТЕРЛИТ
RU2253881C1 (ru) * 2004-04-09 2005-06-10 ЛИСИЦЫН Евгений Дмитриевич Устройство для морской электроразведки в движении судна и способ морской электроразведки

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106772620A (zh) * 2016-12-25 2017-05-31 中南大学 十字形三维电法勘探方法
CN110174704A (zh) * 2019-06-24 2019-08-27 青岛科技大学 一种基于triz理念的海洋电场传感器
CN111239835A (zh) * 2020-01-29 2020-06-05 中南大学 一种适用于狭长地形的正交传导电测深方法

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