WO2008132368A9 - Head-up display device - Google Patents

Head-up display device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008132368A9
WO2008132368A9 PCT/FR2008/050466 FR2008050466W WO2008132368A9 WO 2008132368 A9 WO2008132368 A9 WO 2008132368A9 FR 2008050466 W FR2008050466 W FR 2008050466W WO 2008132368 A9 WO2008132368 A9 WO 2008132368A9
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
glazing
layer
radiation
pvb
interlayer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2008/050466
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2008132368A3 (en
WO2008132368A2 (en
Inventor
Francois-Julien Vermersch
Jean-Philippe Mulet
Original Assignee
Saint Gobain
Francois-Julien Vermersch
Jean-Philippe Mulet
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint Gobain, Francois-Julien Vermersch, Jean-Philippe Mulet filed Critical Saint Gobain
Publication of WO2008132368A2 publication Critical patent/WO2008132368A2/en
Publication of WO2008132368A3 publication Critical patent/WO2008132368A3/en
Publication of WO2008132368A9 publication Critical patent/WO2008132368A9/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10651—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer comprising colorants, e.g. dyes or pigments
    • B32B17/10669—Luminescent agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
    • B60J1/00—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor
    • B60J1/001—Double glazing for vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K35/00—Arrangement of adaptations of instruments
    • B60K35/10—
    • B60K2360/149—
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0118—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices for improving the contrast of the display / brillance control visibility
    • G02B2027/012—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices for improving the contrast of the display / brillance control visibility comprising devices for attenuating parasitic image effects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B2027/0192—Supplementary details
    • G02B2027/0194—Supplementary details with combiner of laminated type, for optical or mechanical aspects

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of visualization systems projected on transparent type screens, in particular automobile windshields or building glazings.
  • the present invention relates to the field of head-up display systems, called HUD or Head Up
  • the glazing generally consists of a sandwich structure, most simply comprising two sheets of resistant material such as glass sheets or hard plastic, for example PC polycarbonate type.
  • the sheets of resistant material are interconnected by a thermoformable interlayer sheet comprising or consisting most often of polyvinyl butyral (PVB).
  • PVB polyvinyl butyral
  • the assembly of the laminated glazing requires greater precautions, especially when passing through a calender, because of the faces of the two nonparallel glass sheets.
  • the angle of the corner PVB must be perfectly adjusted to the specific configuration. It is also important that the profile of the PVB is very regular and does not show variations in thickness, because they are transmitted during assembly on the windshield and lead to local variations of angle.
  • a laminated structure comprising two sheets of glass it is not possible to produce wedge-shaped glazing over only a portion of their height, unless machining the face of the glass sheet oriented towards the cockpit, which is very difficult to implement and almost impossible if it is a curved glass sheet.
  • the present solution proposes an alternative solution in which the image of an object is formed directly on the windshield or the glazing.
  • a laminated glazing unit as described above is used, but in its conventional version with a polyvinyl butyral (PVB) type interlayer whose two outer faces are parallel but in which a layer of phosphors chosen to respond to an excitatory light incident wave.
  • PVB polyvinyl butyral
  • a layer of phosphors chosen to respond to an excitatory light incident wave in the field of the ultraviolet and re-emit radiation in the visible range, allows to restore directly on the windshield or glazing image of the object.
  • the manufacturing process is simple and inexpensive to implement, without having to substantially modify the different components (in particular the PVB sheet or the equivalent) used in a conventional method of manufacturing said automobile windshield or said glazing, or the steps of this process.
  • the present invention relates to a laminated glazing of automotive windshield type or glazing for building with component HUD, comprising an assembly of at least two transparent sheets of inorganic glass or a resistant organic material of the PC type. , interconnected by a spacer of a thermoformable material or by multilayer sheets incorporating such an interlayer.
  • the glazing according to the invention is characterized in that it further comprises, on at least a part of its structure, a thin layer of thickness less than 20 microns, comprising at least one phosphor material in the form of particles whose size is adjusted so that the light transmission of said glazing remains greater than 70%, said phosphor material reissuing a radiation in the visible range when it is subjected to an excitatory light incident wave in the ultraviolet range.
  • said thin layer has a thickness that can be less than 10 microns.
  • the glazing according to the invention is further characterized in that, in the assembly, said layer is positioned between the thermoformable interlayer and the passenger compartment of the vehicle or the interior of the building.
  • said thin layer is placed on the face of the interlayer or thermoplastic sheet facing the passenger compartment of the vehicle or the interior of the building.
  • said thin layer may also be disposed on the outer or inner face of the transparent sheet positioned in the assembly on the side of the passenger compartment of the vehicle or the interior of the building.
  • the positioning of the phosphor layer in such a position in the stack could significantly improve the performance of the system and more particularly the quality of the image restored and materialized on the glazing, particularly in level of intensity, contrast and sharpness of said image.
  • thermoformable material constituting said interlayer may be chosen from the group of PVB, plasticized PVC, polyurethane PU or ethylene vinyl acetate EVA.
  • thermoformable material is PVB.
  • the transparent sheets are interconnected by a multilayer sheet incorporating a PVB interlayer, for example a sheet comprising a succession of PVB / PET / PVB layers, in which PET is polyethylene terephthalate.
  • the phosphor particles are of nanometric size. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention and for a given thin layer, the phosphor particles are selected according to their scattering cross section.
  • the scattering cross section of a particle corresponds to the equivalent surface area of interaction of said particle with incident radiation for a given wavelength, in this case located in the visible range. It depends on the ratio between the refractive index of the particle and that of the thin layer as well as the ratio between the particle diameter and the wavelength of the incident radiation. A method for determining this magnitude is found in "Light Scattering by Small Particles" (HC Van de Hulst, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1957), in Chapter 9, pages 114-130.
  • the thin film incorporated in the laminated glazing unit comprises at least one luminophor material emitting in the red, a phosphor material emitting in the blue and a phosphor material emitting in the green, under a UV excitation.
  • Said thin film comprises different luminophores distributed randomly within said layer, arranged in successive bands in said layer or separated in different regions of said layer in the form of color pixels.
  • the concentration of the phosphor particles in the thin layer and / or their scattering cross section are advantageously chosen in order to limit the haze and to guarantee an adequate light transmission.
  • the product-defined parameter of the particle concentration scattering cross-section has been found to be particularly relevant for this purpose.
  • the thin layer is deposited on the thermoplastic sheet or on the transparent sheet by a technique chosen from screen-printing techniques, inkjet-type techniques or else offset-type, flexographic techniques. or gravure.
  • the invention furthermore relates to a device for displaying an image on a transparent glazing unit comprising a laminated glazing unit as previously described and a a source generating UV radiation, the ultraviolet beam being directed towards the area or areas of the glazing comprising the phosphor layer.
  • the source of UV radiation can be selected from sources of the LED type, Xenon lamp, Mercury lamp, halide arc lamp.
  • the UV radiation generating source may also, according to the invention, be chosen from UV laser sources, for example of the solid state laser, semiconductor laser diode, gas laser, dye laser or excimer laser type.
  • the display device may further comprise means for modulating the excitation wave, said means making it possible to modulate the UV radiation for a selective excitation of the phosphors present in said layer.
  • the attached figure illustrates the invention and its advantages:
  • the windshield 1 consists of two sheets 2 and 9, typically made of glass, but which could also consist of sheets of resistant plastic of the polycarbonate type. Between the two sheets, there is a plastic interlayer 3 such as PVB (polyvinyl butyral), plasticized PVC, PU or EVA or a multilayer thermoplastic sheet incorporating for example PET (polyethylene terephthalate), the succession of layers is for example PVB / PET / PVB.
  • PVB polyvinyl butyral
  • plasticized PVC plasticized PVC
  • PU polyethylene terephthalate
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • nanoparticle phosphor particle layer was deposited before lamination, that is to say before assembly of the different layers a nanoparticle phosphor particle layer, the characteristics of which are adjusted so that the light transmission remains greater than 70% and preferably greater at 75% and in such a way that the haze, measured according to the Anspi Z26.1 1996 standard, remains less than 2% and preferably less than 1%.
  • these particles are of nanometric size, that is to say that their size is of the order of a few hundred nanometers, and preferably a few tens of nanometers or even a few nanometers. Their size is chosen much lower than the length of the visible radiation, so that the light scattering by the particles is minimized and the glazing remains transparent.
  • a source of electromagnetic radiation 4 is used to send incident radiation 7 of appropriate wavelength, particularly in the ultraviolet range.
  • the phosphors are chosen to have a high absorption coefficient of the incident radiation. They are also chosen to then re-emit a radiation in the visible range, that is to say a radiation located in the 380-700 ⁇ m range, preferably with a high yield.
  • the visible radiation is then directly observable by the driver's eye 5, which thus visualizes the object on the windshield without having to leave the road of the eyes.
  • an image can be directly materialized on a laminated windshield without the need to adapt the structure thereof, for example the thickness of the interlayer sheet, which allows an economical manufacture of HUD systems.
  • the positioning of the phosphor layer on the inside of the PVB sheet as shown in the figure, surprisingly made it possible to substantially improve the intensity, the contrast and the sharpness of the film. the image.
  • a phosphor layer is positioned in the assembly on the inner face 3 'of an intermediate sheet 3 of PVB, as shown in FIG.
  • a phosphor layer identical to the previous one is this time positioned in an assembly of the same nature on the inner face 3 "of the interlayer sheet 3 in PVB.
  • the spacer sheet makes it possible to prevent or at least limit the parasitic excitation effects of the phosphors by the solar UV radiation, more particularly when the windshield or glazing is subjected to an average or a strong sunstroke. Similar results of improvement of the visualized image were observed if the phosphor layer was placed this time on the inner face or on the outer face of the glass sheet 2.
  • the phosphors that can be used can be of any type known to respond to UV excitation and emission in the visible range.
  • Such materials may for example be chosen in the field of inorganic phosphors, for example of the oxide, halide, chalcogenide, silicate, phosphate, borate or aluminate type, most often of metal type.
  • these materials constitute matrices doped with an element selected from the group of rare earth elements, for example in the group Eu, Ce, Er, Pr, Tb, Tm, Dy) or in the group of transition metals, for example in the group Mn, Cr, Ti, Ag, Cu, Zn.
  • Such products are already well known in the field of fluorescent lamps.
  • the phosphors of the laser dye type can also be used according to the invention as well as organic polymers. According to the invention, it is also possible to select the phosphors in the group of nanoscale semiconductors of type II-VI or III-V, commonly called quantum dots (quantum dots) in the art.
  • the organo-metallic molecules can also be used as luminophores according to the invention. These molecules consist for example of a fluorescence center consisting of at least one metal atom or a rare earth atom, surrounded by and linked to organic groups.
  • Examples of phosphors that can be used according to the invention are, for example, described in US Pat. No. 7,090,355, in particular in Column 5, Line 29, Column 6, Line 65, or in US Patent Application 2004/232826, paragraphs [0025] to [0033].
  • the source used is for example a conventional UV source such as for example but not limited to the LED type, Xenon lamp, Mercury lamp, arc lamp with halides or a laser UV source, for example but not limited to solid state lasers, semiconductor laser diodes, gas lasers, dye lasers, excimer lasers.
  • a conventional UV source such as for example but not limited to the LED type, Xenon lamp, Mercury lamp, arc lamp with halides or a laser UV source, for example but not limited to solid state lasers, semiconductor laser diodes, gas lasers, dye lasers, excimer lasers.
  • any known source of UV excitation can be used according to the invention.
  • the layer 6 It is possible to use a mixture of phosphors in the layer 6, for example a red emitting phosphor, a blue emitting phosphor and a green emitting phosphor, each of these luminophores having a wavelength of specific absorption so as to be selectively excited by appropriate choice of the incident radiation.
  • the different phosphors can be randomly distributed, arranged in successive bands or separated in different regions, for example according to the embodiments described in application US 2005/0231652 and illustrated in FIGS. 8 of it.
  • a DLP projector for modulating the excitation wave according to the mode described in application US 2005/231652, paragraph [0021]. It is also possible according to the invention to use as a UV excitation source a device as described in the application US2004 / 0232826 in particular as described in connection with FIG.
  • the deposition of the layer on the thermoplastic PVB sheet (or other) is performed under conditions chosen so that its thickness is preferably less than 20 microns.
  • the deposition can be achieved by screen-printing techniques, especially if layers of thickness between 10 and 20 ⁇ m are desired, by inkjet-type techniques, especially if layers with a thickness of between 5 and 10 ⁇ m are used. or by techniques of the offset type, flexo-engraving or gravure printing if thicknesses between 1 and 5 ⁇ m are sought.
  • the deposition by one of the preceding techniques is carried out by dissolving or dispersing the phosphor particles in at least one solvent which may be an aqueous or organic solvent, depending on the chemical nature of the phosphors and the technique employed.

Abstract

The invention relates to windscreen-type laminated glass panel for a motor vehicle or a glass panel for a building with a HUD component, comprising the assembly of at least two transparent sheets of inorganic glass or a PC-type durable organic material, which are interconnected by a spacer made from a thermoformable material or by multi-layer sheets including one such spacer. The glass panel is characterised in that it also includes, on at least part of the structure thereof, a thin film having a thickness of less than 20 microns and containing at least one fluorescent material in the form of particles having a size that is adjusted so that the light transmission of the glass panel remains above 70%, said fluorescent material re-emitting a radiation in the visible range when subjected to an incident excitation light wave in the ultraviolet range. The glass panel is also characterised in that, during assembly, the above-mentioned film is positioned between the thermoformable spacer and the passenger compartment of the vehicle or the interior of the building.

Description

DISPOSITIF DE VISUALISATION TETE HAUTE HEAD VISUALIZATION DEVICE
La présente invention se rapporte au domaine des systèmes de visualisation projetés sur des écrans du type transparents, en particulier les pare-brises automobile ou les vitrages pour bâtiment.The present invention relates to the field of visualization systems projected on transparent type screens, in particular automobile windshields or building glazings.
Tout particulièrement, même si elle n'y est pas limitée, la présente invention se rapporte au domaine des systèmes de visualisation tête haute, appelé HUD ou Head UpIn particular, even if it is not limited thereto, the present invention relates to the field of head-up display systems, called HUD or Head Up
Display dans la technique. De tels systèmes sont utiles notamment dans les cockpits d'avion, les trains mais également aujourd'hui dans les véhicules automobiles des particuliers (voitures, camions, etc.).Display in the art. Such systems are useful in particular in aircraft cockpits, trains but also today in passenger cars (cars, trucks, etc.).
Dans de tels systèmes, le vitrage est en général constitué d'une structure en sandwich, comprenant le plus simplement deux feuillets de matière résistante tels que des feuillets de verre ou encore de matière plastique dure, par exemple du type polycarbonate PC. Les feuillets de matière résistante sont reliés entre elles par un feuillet intercalaire thermoformable comprenant ou constitué le plus souvent de polyvinylbutyral (PVB). De tels systèmes de visualisation tête haute, affichant des informations projetées sur un vitrage qui se réfléchissent vers le conducteur ou l'observateur, sont déjà connus. Ces systèmes permettent notamment d'informer le conducteur du véhicule sans que le conducteur éloigne son regard du champ de vision en avant du véhicule, ce qui par conséquent accroît la sécurité. Le conducteur perçoit une image virtuelle qui se situe à une certaine distance derrière le pare-brise.In such systems, the glazing generally consists of a sandwich structure, most simply comprising two sheets of resistant material such as glass sheets or hard plastic, for example PC polycarbonate type. The sheets of resistant material are interconnected by a thermoformable interlayer sheet comprising or consisting most often of polyvinyl butyral (PVB). Such head-up display systems, displaying information projected on a glazing which is reflected towards the driver or the observer, are already known. These systems make it possible in particular to inform the driver of the vehicle without the driver keeping his eyes away from the field of vision in front of the vehicle, which consequently increases safety. The driver perceives a virtual image that is some distance behind the windshield.
De la manière la plus classique, on obtient une telle image supplémentaire sur un pare-brise en projetant une information sur un pare-brise ayant une structure feuilletée, c'est à dire formée de deux feuilles de verre et d'un intercalaire en matière plastique. Cependant le conducteur observe alors une image double: une première image réfléchie par la surface du pare-brise orientée vers l'intérieur de l'habitable et une seconde image par réflexion de la surface extérieure du pare-brise, ces deux images étant légèrement décalées l'une par rapport à l'autre. Ce décalage peut perturber la vision de l'information. Pour pallier ce problème, on peut citer comme une solution proposée le brevet US 5,013,134 qui décrit un système de visualisation tête haute utilisant un pare-brise feuilleté formé de deux feuilles de verre et d'un intercalaire en polyvinylbutyral (PVB) dont les deux faces extérieures ne sont pas parallèles mais en forme de coin, de sorte que l'image projetée par une source d'affichage et réfléchie par la face du pare-brise orientée vers l'habitacle soit pratiquement superposée à la même image provenant de la même source réfléchie par la face du pare-brise orientée vers l'extérieur. Pour réaliser ce vitrage feuilleté en forme de coin on utilise une feuille intercalaire dont l'épaisseur décroît du bord supérieur du vitrage au bord inférieur. Cependant cette solution, si elle est satisfaisante en terme de suppression de la double image, présente néanmoins des inconvénients. En particulier l'assemblage du vitrage feuilleté nécessite de plus grandes précautions, notamment lors du passage dans une calandreuse, du fait des faces des deux feuilles de verre non parallèles. En outre, l'angle du PVB en coin doit être parfaitement ajusté à la configuration spécifique. Il est important aussi que le profil du PVB soit très régulier et ne présente pas de variations d'épaisseur, car ceux-ci se transmettent au cours de l'assemblage sur le pare-brise et conduisent à des variations locales d'angle. De plus, avec une structure feuilletée comportant deux feuilles de verre il n'est pas possible de réaliser des vitrages en forme de coin sur une partie seulement de leur hauteur, à moins d'usiner la face de la feuille de verre orientée vers l'habitacle, ce qui est très difficile à mettre en oeuvre et quasi impossible s'il s'agit d'une feuille de verre bombée.In the most conventional manner, such an additional image is obtained on a windshield by projecting information on a windshield having a laminated structure, that is to say formed of two sheets of glass and a material interlayer. plastic. However, the driver then observes a double image: a first image reflected by the surface of the windshield facing the interior of the habitable and a second image by reflection of the outer surface of the windshield, these two images being slightly offset one with respect to the other. This gap can disrupt the vision of information. To overcome this problem, one can cite as a proposed solution US Patent 5,013,134 which describes a head-up display system using a laminated windshield consisting of two sheets of glass and a polyvinyl butyral interlayer (PVB) whose two outer faces are not parallel but wedge-shaped, so that the image projected by a display source and reflected by the face of the windshield facing the cabin is almost superimposed on the same image from the same source reflected by the face of the windshield facing outward. To achieve this laminated glazing wedge is used an intermediate sheet whose thickness decreases from the upper edge of the glazing at the lower edge. However, this solution, if it is satisfactory in terms of suppression of the double image, nevertheless has disadvantages. In particular, the assembly of the laminated glazing requires greater precautions, especially when passing through a calender, because of the faces of the two nonparallel glass sheets. In addition, the angle of the corner PVB must be perfectly adjusted to the specific configuration. It is also important that the profile of the PVB is very regular and does not show variations in thickness, because they are transmitted during assembly on the windshield and lead to local variations of angle. In addition, with a laminated structure comprising two sheets of glass it is not possible to produce wedge-shaped glazing over only a portion of their height, unless machining the face of the glass sheet oriented towards the cockpit, which is very difficult to implement and almost impossible if it is a curved glass sheet.
La présente solution propose une solution alternative dans laquelle l'image d'un objet est formée directement sur le pare-brise ou le vitrage. Pour cela on utilise un vitrage feuilleté tel que précédemment décrit mais dans sa version classique avec un feuillet intercalaire du type polyvinylbutyral (PVB) dont les deux faces extérieures sont parallèles mais dans lequel une couche de luminophores, choisis pour répondre à une onde incidente lumineuse excitatrice dans le domaine de l'ultraviolet et réémettre un rayonnement dans le domaine du visible, permet de restituer directement sur le pare brise ou le vitrage l'image de l'objet. Par application de la présente invention, il est donc par exemple possible d'obtenir un pare brise ou d'un vitrage pour bâtiment à propriétés HUD, dont le procédé de fabrication est simple et économique à mettre en œuvre, sans avoir à modifier substantiellement les différents composants (en particulier le ou les feuillets de PVB ou équivalents) utilisés dans un procédé classique de fabrication dudit pare-brise automobile ou dudit vitrage, ni les étapes de ce procédé. Plus précisément, la présente invention se rapporte à un vitrage feuilleté du type pare-brise pour automobile ou vitrage pour bâtiment à composante HUD, comprenant un assemblage d'au moins deux feuilles transparentes de verre inorganique ou d'une matière organique résistante du type PC, reliées entre elles par un intercalaire d'une matière thermoformable ou par des feuillets multicouches intégrant un tel intercalaire. Le vitrage selon l'invention se caractérise en ce qu'il comprend en outre, sur au moins une partie de sa structure, une couche mince d'épaisseur inférieure à 20 microns, comprenant au moins un matériau luminophore sous la forme de particules dont la taille est ajustée pour que la transmission lumineuse dudit vitrage reste supérieure à 70%, ledit matériau luminophore réémettant un rayonnement dans le domaine du visible lorsqu'il est soumis à une onde incidente lumineuse excitatrice dans le domaine de l'ultraviolet.The present solution proposes an alternative solution in which the image of an object is formed directly on the windshield or the glazing. For this purpose, a laminated glazing unit as described above is used, but in its conventional version with a polyvinyl butyral (PVB) type interlayer whose two outer faces are parallel but in which a layer of phosphors chosen to respond to an excitatory light incident wave. in the field of the ultraviolet and re-emit radiation in the visible range, allows to restore directly on the windshield or glazing image of the object. By application of the present invention, it is for example possible to obtain a windshield or glazing for building with HUD properties, the manufacturing process is simple and inexpensive to implement, without having to substantially modify the different components (in particular the PVB sheet or the equivalent) used in a conventional method of manufacturing said automobile windshield or said glazing, or the steps of this process. More specifically, the present invention relates to a laminated glazing of automotive windshield type or glazing for building with component HUD, comprising an assembly of at least two transparent sheets of inorganic glass or a resistant organic material of the PC type. , interconnected by a spacer of a thermoformable material or by multilayer sheets incorporating such an interlayer. The glazing according to the invention is characterized in that it further comprises, on at least a part of its structure, a thin layer of thickness less than 20 microns, comprising at least one phosphor material in the form of particles whose size is adjusted so that the light transmission of said glazing remains greater than 70%, said phosphor material reissuing a radiation in the visible range when it is subjected to an excitatory light incident wave in the ultraviolet range.
De préférence, ladite couche mince présente une épaisseur qui peut être inférieure à 10 μm. Le vitrage selon l'invention se caractérise en outre en ce que, dans l'assemblage, ladite couche est positionnée entre l'intercalaire thermoformable et l'habitacle du véhicule ou l'intérieur du bâtiment.Preferably, said thin layer has a thickness that can be less than 10 microns. The glazing according to the invention is further characterized in that, in the assembly, said layer is positioned between the thermoformable interlayer and the passenger compartment of the vehicle or the interior of the building.
Par exemple, ladite couche mince est placée sur la face de l'intercalaire ou du feuillet thermoplastique tournée vers l'habitacle du véhicule ou l'intérieur du bâtiment. Selon d'autres réalisations, ladite couche mince peut également être disposée sur la face externe ou interne de la feuille transparente positionnée dans l'assemblage du coté de l'habitacle du véhicule ou de l'intérieur du bâtiment.For example, said thin layer is placed on the face of the interlayer or thermoplastic sheet facing the passenger compartment of the vehicle or the interior of the building. According to other embodiments, said thin layer may also be disposed on the outer or inner face of the transparent sheet positioned in the assembly on the side of the passenger compartment of the vehicle or the interior of the building.
Il a été trouvé par le demandeur que le positionnement de la couche de luminophore dans une telle position dans l'empilement permettait d'améliorer sensiblement les performances du système et plus particulièrement la qualité de l'image restituée et matérialisée sur le vitrage, notamment au niveau de l'intensité, du contraste et de la netteté de ladite image.It was found by the applicant that the positioning of the phosphor layer in such a position in the stack could significantly improve the performance of the system and more particularly the quality of the image restored and materialized on the glazing, particularly in level of intensity, contrast and sharpness of said image.
Selon l'invention, la matière thermoformable constituant ledit intercalaire peut être choisie dans le groupe des PVB, des PVC plastifiés, du polyuréthane PU ou des éthylène vinyle acétate EVA.According to the invention, the thermoformable material constituting said interlayer may be chosen from the group of PVB, plasticized PVC, polyurethane PU or ethylene vinyl acetate EVA.
De préférence, la matière thermoformable est le PVB. En variante, les feuilles transparentes sont reliées entre elles par un feuillet multicouche intégrant un intercalaire PVB, par exemple un feuillet comprenant une succession de couches PVB/PET/PVB, dans lequel PET est le polyéthylène téréphtalate.Preferably, the thermoformable material is PVB. As a variant, the transparent sheets are interconnected by a multilayer sheet incorporating a PVB interlayer, for example a sheet comprising a succession of PVB / PET / PVB layers, in which PET is polyethylene terephthalate.
Selon l'invention, les particules de luminophore sont de taille nanométrique. Selon un mode avantageux de l'invention et pour une couche mince donnée, les particules de luminophore sont sélectionnées en fonction de leur section efficace de diffusion. La section efficace de diffusion d'une particule correspond à la surface équivalente d'interaction de ladite particule avec un rayonnement incident pour une longueur d'ondes donnée, dans le cas présent située dans le domaine du visible. Elle dépend du rapport entre l'indice de réfraction de la particule et celui de la couche mince ainsi que du rapport entre le diamètre des particules et la longueur d'ondes du rayonnement incident. Une méthode de détermination de cette grandeur se trouve dans l'ouvrage « Light Scattering by Small Particles », (H. C. Van de Hulst, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1957), au chapitre 9, pages 114 à 130. Selon un mode possible de réalisation, la couche mince incorporée dans le vitrage feuilleté comprend au moins un matériau luminophore émettant dans le rouge, un matériau luminophore émettant dans le bleu et un matériau luminophore émettant dans le vert, sous une excitation UV.According to the invention, the phosphor particles are of nanometric size. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention and for a given thin layer, the phosphor particles are selected according to their scattering cross section. The scattering cross section of a particle corresponds to the equivalent surface area of interaction of said particle with incident radiation for a given wavelength, in this case located in the visible range. It depends on the ratio between the refractive index of the particle and that of the thin layer as well as the ratio between the particle diameter and the wavelength of the incident radiation. A method for determining this magnitude is found in "Light Scattering by Small Particles" (HC Van de Hulst, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1957), in Chapter 9, pages 114-130. As a possible embodiment, the thin film incorporated in the laminated glazing unit comprises at least one luminophor material emitting in the red, a phosphor material emitting in the blue and a phosphor material emitting in the green, under a UV excitation.
Ladite couche mince comprend différents luminophores répartis aléatoirement au sein de ladite couche, disposés en bandes successives dans ladite couche ou encore séparés dans différentes régions de ladite couche sous la forme de pixels de couleur.Said thin film comprises different luminophores distributed randomly within said layer, arranged in successive bands in said layer or separated in different regions of said layer in the form of color pixels.
La concentration des particules de luminophore dans la couche mince et/ou leur section efficace de diffusion sont avantageusement choisies afin de limiter le flou (haze) et de garantir une transmission lumineuse adéquate. Le paramètre défini par le produit de la section efficace de diffusion par la concentration des particules s'est révélé particulièrement pertinent à cet effet.The concentration of the phosphor particles in the thin layer and / or their scattering cross section are advantageously chosen in order to limit the haze and to guarantee an adequate light transmission. The product-defined parameter of the particle concentration scattering cross-section has been found to be particularly relevant for this purpose.
Selon des modes avantageux de l'invention, la couche mince est déposée sur le feuillet thermoplastique ou sur la feuille transparente par un technique choisie parmi les techniques de sérigraphie, les techniques du type jet d'encre ou encore les techniques du type offset, flexogravure ou encore héliogravure.According to advantageous embodiments of the invention, the thin layer is deposited on the thermoplastic sheet or on the transparent sheet by a technique chosen from screen-printing techniques, inkjet-type techniques or else offset-type, flexographic techniques. or gravure.
L'invention se rapporte en outre à un dispositif de visualisation d'une image sur un vitrage transparent comprenant un vitrage feuilleté tel que précédemment décrit et une source génératrice de rayonnement UV, le faisceau d'ultraviolet étant dirigé vers la ou les zones du vitrage comprenant la couche de luminophores.The invention furthermore relates to a device for displaying an image on a transparent glazing unit comprising a laminated glazing unit as previously described and a a source generating UV radiation, the ultraviolet beam being directed towards the area or areas of the glazing comprising the phosphor layer.
La source génératrice de rayonnement UV peut être choisie parmi les sources du type LED, lampe à Xénon, lampe à Mercure, lampe à arc aux halogénures. La source génératrice de rayonnement UV peut également selon l'invention être choisie parmi les sources UV laser, par exemple du type laser à solide, diode laser à semiconducteurs, lasers à gaz, lasers à colorant, laser à excimère.The source of UV radiation can be selected from sources of the LED type, Xenon lamp, Mercury lamp, halide arc lamp. The UV radiation generating source may also, according to the invention, be chosen from UV laser sources, for example of the solid state laser, semiconductor laser diode, gas laser, dye laser or excimer laser type.
Selon un mode possible, le dispositif de visualisation peut comprendre en outre des moyens de modulation de l'onde excitatrice, lesdits moyens permettant de moduler le rayonnement UV pour une excitation sélective des luminophores présents dans ladite couche.According to a possible mode, the display device may further comprise means for modulating the excitation wave, said means making it possible to modulate the UV radiation for a selective excitation of the phosphors present in said layer.
L'invention et ses avantages seront mieux compris à la lecture du mode de réalisation de l'invention qui suit, en relation avec la figure unique jointe.The invention and its advantages will be better understood on reading the embodiment of the invention which follows, in relation to the single figure attached.
La figure jointe permet d'illustrer l'invention et ses avantages : Sur cette figure, on a schématisé un pare-brise et un dispositif selon l'invention : Le pare-brise 1 se compose de deux feuilles 2 et 9 typiquement en verre mais qui pourraient également être constitués de feuillets de matière plastique résistante du type polycarbonate. Entre les deux feuillets, est présent un feuillet intercalaire plastique 3 tel que du PVB (polyvinylbutyral), du PVC plastifié, PU ou EVA ou bien encore un feuillet thermoplastique multicouche incorporant par exemple du PET (polyéthylène téréphtalate), dont la succession des couches est par exemple PVB/PET/PVB.The attached figure illustrates the invention and its advantages: In this figure, a windshield and a device according to the invention are shown schematically: The windshield 1 consists of two sheets 2 and 9, typically made of glass, but which could also consist of sheets of resistant plastic of the polycarbonate type. Between the two sheets, there is a plastic interlayer 3 such as PVB (polyvinyl butyral), plasticized PVC, PU or EVA or a multilayer thermoplastic sheet incorporating for example PET (polyethylene terephthalate), the succession of layers is for example PVB / PET / PVB.
Sur au moins une partie de la face interne 3' du feuillet thermoplastique intercalaireOn at least a portion of the inner face 3 'of the intermediate thermoplastic sheet
3 a été déposée avant feuilletage, c'est-à-dire avant l'assemblage des différents feuillets une couche de particules de luminophores de taille nanométrique, dont les caractéristiques sont ajustées pour que la transmission lumineuse reste supérieure à 70% et de préférence supérieure à 75% et de telle façon que le flou (haze), mesuré selon la norme Anspi Z26.1 1996, reste inférieur à 2% et de préférence inférieur à 1%.3 was deposited before lamination, that is to say before assembly of the different layers a nanoparticle phosphor particle layer, the characteristics of which are adjusted so that the light transmission remains greater than 70% and preferably greater at 75% and in such a way that the haze, measured according to the Anspi Z26.1 1996 standard, remains less than 2% and preferably less than 1%.
En particulier, ces particules sont de taille nanométrique c'est-à-dire que leur taille est de l'ordre de quelques centaines de nano mètres, et de préférence quelques dizaines de nanomètres voire quelques nanomètres. Leur taille est choisie très inférieure à la longueur d'onde du rayonnement visible, de telle façon que la diffusion de la lumière par les particules soit minimisée et que le vitrage reste transparent.In particular, these particles are of nanometric size, that is to say that their size is of the order of a few hundred nanometers, and preferably a few tens of nanometers or even a few nanometers. Their size is chosen much lower than the length of the visible radiation, so that the light scattering by the particles is minimized and the glazing remains transparent.
Une source d'un rayonnement électromagnétique 4 est utilisée pour envoyer un rayonnement incident 7 de longueur d'onde appropriée, en particulier dans le domaine des ultraviolets. Les luminophores sont choisis pour présenter un fort coefficient d'absorption du rayonnement incident. Ils sont également choisis pour réémettre ensuite un rayonnement dans le domaine visible, c'est-à-dire un rayonnement situé dans le domaine 380-700 μm, de préférence avec un fort rendement. Le rayonnement visible est alors directement observable par l'oeil 5 du conducteur, qui visualise ainsi l'objet sur le pare- brise sans avoir à quitter la route des yeux. De cette façon, une image peut être directement matérialisée sur un pare-brise feuilleté sans nécessité d'adapter la structure de celui-ci, par exemple l'épaisseur du feuillet intercalaire, ce qui permet une fabrication économique des systèmes HUD. En outre, il a été trouvé par le demandeur que le positionnement de la couche de luminophore en face interne du feuillet PVB, tel que représenté sur la figure, permettait de façon surprenante d'améliorer sensiblement l'intensité, le contraste et la netteté de l'image.A source of electromagnetic radiation 4 is used to send incident radiation 7 of appropriate wavelength, particularly in the ultraviolet range. The phosphors are chosen to have a high absorption coefficient of the incident radiation. They are also chosen to then re-emit a radiation in the visible range, that is to say a radiation located in the 380-700 μm range, preferably with a high yield. The visible radiation is then directly observable by the driver's eye 5, which thus visualizes the object on the windshield without having to leave the road of the eyes. In this way, an image can be directly materialized on a laminated windshield without the need to adapt the structure thereof, for example the thickness of the interlayer sheet, which allows an economical manufacture of HUD systems. In addition, it was found by the applicant that the positioning of the phosphor layer on the inside of the PVB sheet, as shown in the figure, surprisingly made it possible to substantially improve the intensity, the contrast and the sharpness of the film. the image.
Plus particulièrement, on a effectué des tests de visualisation d'une image obtenue sur deux pare-brises, l'un conforme à l'invention, l'autre non conforme à l'invention.More particularly, visualization tests were performed on an image obtained on two windshields, one according to the invention, the other not in accordance with the invention.
Selon une première réalisation d'un pare-brise selon l'invention, une couche de luminophore est positionnée dans l'assemblage sur la face interne 3' d'un feuillet intercalaire 3 en PVB, tel que représenté sur la figure 1.According to a first embodiment of a windshield according to the invention, a phosphor layer is positioned in the assembly on the inner face 3 'of an intermediate sheet 3 of PVB, as shown in FIG.
Selon une deuxième réalisation d'un pare-brise non conforme à l'invention, une couche de luminophore identique à la précédente est cette fois positionnée dans un assemblage de même nature sur la face interne 3" du feuillet intercalaire 3 en PVB. Conformément à la description qui précède, on a ensuite fait visualiser à un échantillon d'observateurs, positionnés dans la position théorique du conducteur, différentes images au niveau de la couche 6, grâce à une source d'excitation laser projetant sur celle-ci le rayonnement UV d'excitation caractéristique des luminophores de la couche, le pare brise étant autrement éclairé sur son autre face par un rayonnement représentatif de conditions d'insolation moyenne en journée. Tous les observateurs ont sélectionné le vitrage selon l'invention comme celui offrant les meilleures images aussi bien en termes de contraste, de netteté que d'intensité de l'image. Une explication possible serait que le feuillet intercalaire permet d'empêcher ou au moins de limiter les effets d'excitation parasite des luminophores par le rayonnement UV solaire, plus particulièrement lorsque le pare-brise ou le vitrage est soumis à une moyenne ou à une forte insolation. Des résultats similaires d'amélioration de l'image visualisée ont été observés si la couche de luminophore était placée cette fois sur la face interne ou sur la face externe de la feuille de verre 2.According to a second embodiment of a windshield not according to the invention, a phosphor layer identical to the previous one is this time positioned in an assembly of the same nature on the inner face 3 "of the interlayer sheet 3 in PVB. the foregoing description, a plurality of images at layer 6 were then visualized to a sample of observers, positioned in the theoretical position of the driver, by means of a laser excitation source projecting on it the UV radiation. characteristic of the luminophores of the layer, the windscreen being otherwise illuminated on its other face by a radiation representative of average insolation conditions during the day All observers have selected the glazing according to the invention as that offering the best images as well in terms of contrast, sharpness as intensity of the image. One possible explanation is that the spacer sheet makes it possible to prevent or at least limit the parasitic excitation effects of the phosphors by the solar UV radiation, more particularly when the windshield or glazing is subjected to an average or a strong sunstroke. Similar results of improvement of the visualized image were observed if the phosphor layer was placed this time on the inner face or on the outer face of the glass sheet 2.
Les luminophores utilisables peuvent être de tout type connu pour répondre à une excitation UV et une émission dans le domaine du visible. De tels matériaux peuvent être par exemple choisis dans le domaine des luminophores inorganiques, par exemple du type oxyde, halogénure, chalcogénure, silicate, phosphate, borates, aluminates le plus souvent métalliques. Le plus souvent, pour l'obtention de la fluorescence, ces matériaux constituent des matrices dopées par un élément choisi dans le groupe des terres rares, par exemple dans le groupe Eu, Ce, Er, Pr, Tb, Tm, Dy) ou dans le groupe des métaux de transition, par exemple dans le groupe Mn, Cr, Ti, Ag, Cu, Zn. De tels produits sont déjà bien connus dans le domaine des lampes fluorescentes.The phosphors that can be used can be of any type known to respond to UV excitation and emission in the visible range. Such materials may for example be chosen in the field of inorganic phosphors, for example of the oxide, halide, chalcogenide, silicate, phosphate, borate or aluminate type, most often of metal type. Most often, for the purpose of obtaining fluorescence, these materials constitute matrices doped with an element selected from the group of rare earth elements, for example in the group Eu, Ce, Er, Pr, Tb, Tm, Dy) or in the group of transition metals, for example in the group Mn, Cr, Ti, Ag, Cu, Zn. Such products are already well known in the field of fluorescent lamps.
Les luminophores du type colorant laser peuvent être également utilisés selon l'invention ainsi que les polymères organiques. Selon l'invention, il est également possible de sélectionner les luminophores dans le groupe des semi-conducteurs nanométriques du type II-VI ou encore III-V, couramment appelés boîtes quantiques (quantum dots) dans la technique.The phosphors of the laser dye type can also be used according to the invention as well as organic polymers. According to the invention, it is also possible to select the phosphors in the group of nanoscale semiconductors of type II-VI or III-V, commonly called quantum dots (quantum dots) in the art.
Les molécules organo métalliques peuvent également être utilisées comme luminophores selon l'invention. Ces molécules sont par exemple constituées d'un centre de la fluorescence constitué par au moins un atome métallique ou un atome de terre rare, entourés par et liés à des groupements organiques.The organo-metallic molecules can also be used as luminophores according to the invention. These molecules consist for example of a fluorescence center consisting of at least one metal atom or a rare earth atom, surrounded by and linked to organic groups.
Des exemples de luminophores utilisables selon l'invention sont par exemple décrits dans le brevet US 7,090,355, en particulier de la colonne 5 ligne 29 à la colonne 6 ligne 65 ou encore dans la demande de brevet US 2004/232826, paragraphes [0025] à [0033].Examples of phosphors that can be used according to the invention are, for example, described in US Pat. No. 7,090,355, in particular in Column 5, Line 29, Column 6, Line 65, or in US Patent Application 2004/232826, paragraphs [0025] to [0033].
La source utilisée est par exemple une source UV classique telle que par exemple mais non limitativement du type LED, lampe à Xénon, lampe à Mercure, lampe à arc aux halogénures ou une source UV laser, par exemple mais non limitativement du type laser à solide, diode laser à semi-conducteurs, lasers à gaz, lasers à colorant, laser à excimère. De manière générale toute source connue d'excitation UV peut être utilisée selon l'invention.The source used is for example a conventional UV source such as for example but not limited to the LED type, Xenon lamp, Mercury lamp, arc lamp with halides or a laser UV source, for example but not limited to solid state lasers, semiconductor laser diodes, gas lasers, dye lasers, excimer lasers. In general, any known source of UV excitation can be used according to the invention.
II est possible d'utiliser un mélange de luminophores dans la couche 6, par exemple un luminophore émettant dans le rouge, un luminophore émettant dans le bleu et un luminophore émettant dans le vert, chacun de ces luminophores présentant une longueur d'onde d'absorption spécifique de manière à être sélectivement excité par un choix approprié du rayonnement incident. Au sein de la couche 6, les différents luminophores peuvent être répartis aléatoirement, disposés au sein de bandes successives ou encore séparés dans différentes régions, par exemple selon les modes de réalisation décrits dans la demande US 2005/0231652 et illustrés par les figures 6 à 8 de celle-ci.It is possible to use a mixture of phosphors in the layer 6, for example a red emitting phosphor, a blue emitting phosphor and a green emitting phosphor, each of these luminophores having a wavelength of specific absorption so as to be selectively excited by appropriate choice of the incident radiation. Within the layer 6, the different phosphors can be randomly distributed, arranged in successive bands or separated in different regions, for example according to the embodiments described in application US 2005/0231652 and illustrated in FIGS. 8 of it.
Selon un mode possible de réalisation, il est possible d'utiliser un projecteur DLP pour moduler l'onde excitatrice selon le mode décrit dans la demande US 2005/231652, paragraphe [0021]. Il est également possible selon l'invention d'utiliser comme source d'excitation UV un dispositif tel que décrit dans la demande US2004/0232826 notamment tel que décrit en connexion avec la figure 3.According to one possible embodiment, it is possible to use a DLP projector for modulating the excitation wave according to the mode described in application US 2005/231652, paragraph [0021]. It is also possible according to the invention to use as a UV excitation source a device as described in the application US2004 / 0232826 in particular as described in connection with FIG.
Le dépôt de la couche sur le feuillet thermoplastique PVB (ou autre) est effectué dans des conditions choisies pour que son épaisseur soit de préférence inférieure à 20 μm. Le dépôt peut être réalisé par des techniques de sérigraphie, notamment si des couches d'épaisseur comprise entre 10 et 20 μm sont recherchées, par des techniques du type jet d'encre notamment si des couches d'épaisseur comprise entre 5 et 10 μm sont recherchées ou encore par des techniques du type offset, flexogravure ou encore héliogravure si des couches d'épaisseur comprise entre 1 et 5 μm sont recherchées.The deposition of the layer on the thermoplastic PVB sheet (or other) is performed under conditions chosen so that its thickness is preferably less than 20 microns. The deposition can be achieved by screen-printing techniques, especially if layers of thickness between 10 and 20 μm are desired, by inkjet-type techniques, especially if layers with a thickness of between 5 and 10 μm are used. or by techniques of the offset type, flexo-engraving or gravure printing if thicknesses between 1 and 5 μm are sought.
Par exemple, le dépôt par l'une des techniques précédentes est effectué par dissolution ou dispersion des particules de luminophores dans au moins un solvant qui peut être un solvant aqueux ou organique, selon la nature chimique des luminophores et la technique employée.For example, the deposition by one of the preceding techniques is carried out by dissolving or dispersing the phosphor particles in at least one solvent which may be an aqueous or organic solvent, depending on the chemical nature of the phosphors and the technique employed.
Il a en outre été trouvé par le demandeur que si la taille des particules jouait un rôle important pour la maintien de la transparence du vitrage, l'obtention d'une image de l'objet sur le vitrage ayant une qualité optique satisfaisante même sous forte insolation extérieure du vitrage n'était pas forcément compatible avec le choix d'un luminophore basé uniquement sur des critères de taille.It was further found by the applicant that if the particle size played an important role in maintaining the transparency of the glazing, obtaining an image of the object on the glazing having a satisfactory optical quality even under strong external exposure of the glazing was not necessarily compatible with the choice of a phosphor based solely on size criteria.
Plus particulièrement, il a été trouvé par le demandeur que dans le cadre d'une application de visualisation d'une image au travers d'un vitrage transparent, répondant à l'ensemble des critères suivants : a) une netteté de l'image acceptable, b) une intensité de luminescence suffisante pour qu'elle soit observable par le conducteur, c) un flou, engendré par l'apposition de la couche sur le pare-brise, mesuré selon la norme Anspi Z26.1 1996, inférieur à 2% et de préférence inférieur à 1%, d) une transmission lumineuse supérieure à 70% et de préférence supérieure à 75%, il était impératif de disposer le luminophore de taille nano métrique sous la forme d'une couche mince d'épaisseur inférieure à 20 μm notamment par l'une des techniques décrites ci- dessus, cette couche devant en outre être déposée sur la face interne de la feuille thermoplastique, par exemple de la feuille de PVB, tournée vers l'habitacle ou l'intérieur du bâtiment .More particularly, it has been found by the applicant that in the context of an application for viewing an image through a transparent glazing, meeting all of the following criteria: a) a sharpness of the acceptable image (b) a sufficient luminescence intensity to be observable by the driver, (c) a blur caused by the application of the layer on the windscreen, measured according to the Anspi Z26.1 1996 standard, less than 2 % and preferably less than 1%, d) a light transmission greater than 70% and preferably greater than 75%, it was imperative to have the nanometric-sized phosphor in the form of a thin layer of less than 20 microns in particular by one of the techniques described above, this layer to be further deposited on the inner face of the thermoplastic sheet, for example PVB sheet, facing the passenger compartment or the interior of the building.
Il a également été déterminé par le déposant que le meilleur compromis entre les quatre propriétés précédentes n'était pas uniquement fonction de la taille des particules de luminophore utilisé, mais de leur section efficace de diffusion. Par le contrôle de cette section, le déposant a pu démontrer une amélioration sensible de l'image obtenue, tant au niveau de sa netteté que de son intensité, sans pour autant que le flou occasionné par la couche soit supérieur à 2%, ni que la transmission lumineuse du vitrage à l'endroit de la couche soit inférieur à 70%.It has also been determined by the applicant that the best compromise between the four preceding properties is not only a function of the size of the phosphor particles used, but of their scattering cross section. By controlling this section, the applicant has been able to demonstrate a significant improvement in the image obtained, both in terms of its sharpness and its intensity, without the blur caused by the layer being greater than 2%, nor that the light transmittance of the glazing at the location of the layer is less than 70%.
Il a également été déterminé par le déposant que les procédés de dépôt sélectif en surface et limité à la zone de visualisation sont seuls susceptibles de conduire à la réalisation des produits dans des conditions économiques acceptables pour le secteur automobile compte tenu du coût élevé des nanoparticules en question. It has also been determined by the applicant that the methods of selective deposition at the surface and limited to the viewing zone are the only ones likely to lead to the production of the products under economically acceptable conditions for the automotive sector given the high cost of the nanoparticles in question. question.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Vitrage feuilleté du type pare-brise pour automobile ou vitrage pour bâtiment à composante HUD, comprenant un assemblage d'au moins deux feuilles transparentes de verre inorganique ou d'une matière organique résistante du type PC, reliées entre elles par un intercalaire d'une matière thermoformable ou par des feuillets multicouches intégrant un tel intercalaire, ledit vitrage étant caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre, sur au moins une partie de sa structure, une couche mince d'épaisseur inférieure à 20 microns comprenant au moins un matériau luminophore sous la forme de particules dont la taille est ajustée pour que la transmission lumineuse dudit vitrage reste supérieure à 70%, ledit matériau luminophore réémettant un rayonnement dans le domaine du visible lorsqu'il est soumis à une onde incidente lumineuse excitatrice dans le domaine de l'ultraviolet, et en ce que, dans l'assemblage, ladite couche est positionnée entre l'intercalaire thermoformable et l'habitacle du véhicule ou l'intérieur du bâtiment.1. Laminated glazing of automotive windscreen or HUD component glazing type, comprising an assembly of at least two transparent sheets of inorganic glass or of a resistant organic material of the PC type, interconnected by an interlayer of a thermoformable material or multilayer leaflets incorporating such an interlayer, said glazing being characterized in that it further comprises, on at least a part of its structure, a thin layer less than 20 microns thick comprising at least one phosphor material in the form of particles whose size is adjusted so that the light transmission of said glazing remains greater than 70%, said phosphor material re-emitting radiation in the visible range when subjected to an excitatory light incident wave in the field ultraviolet, and in that, in the assembly, said layer is positioned between the thermoformable interlayer and the passenger compartment of the vehicle or the interior of the building.
2. Vitrage feuilleté selon la revendication 1, dans lequel dans lequel ladite couche mince est placée sur la face de l'intercalaire ou du feuillet thermoplastique tournée vers l'habitacle du véhicule ou l'intérieur du bâtiment.2. laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein wherein said thin layer is placed on the side of the insert or thermoplastic sheet facing the passenger compartment of the vehicle or the interior of the building.
3. Vitrage feuilleté selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ladite couche mince est disposée sur la face externe ou interne de la feuille transparente positionnée dans l'assemblage du coté de l'habitacle du véhicule ou de l'intérieur du bâtiment.3. laminated glazing according to claim 1, wherein said thin layer is disposed on the outer or inner face of the transparent sheet positioned in the assembly on the side of the passenger compartment of the vehicle or the building interior.
4. Vitrage feuilleté selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la matière thermoformable constituant ledit intercalaire est choisie dans le groupe des PVB, des PVC plastifiés, du polyuréthane PU ou des éthylène vinyle acétate EVA.4. laminated glass according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the thermoformable material constituting said interlayer is selected from the group of PVB, plasticized PVC, polyurethane PU or ethylene vinyl acetate EVA.
5. Vitrage feuilleté selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la matière thermoformable est le PVB.5. Laminated glazing according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the thermoformable material is PVB.
6. Vitrage feuilleté selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les feuilles transparentes sont reliées entre elles par un feuillet multicouche intégrant un intercalaire PVB, par exemple un feuillet comprenant une succession de couches PVB/PET/PVB, dans lequel PET est le polyéthylène téréphtalate.6. laminated glass according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the transparent sheets are interconnected by a multilayer sheet incorporating a PVB interlayer, for example a sheet comprising a succession of PVB / PET / PVB layers, wherein PET is polyethylene terephthalate.
7. Vitrage feuilleté selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les particules de luminophore sont de taille nanométrique.7. Laminated glazing according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the phosphor particles are nanoscale.
8. Vitrage feuilleté selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les particules de luminophore sont sélectionnées en fonction de leur section efficace de diffusion.8. Laminated glazing according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the phosphor particles are selected according to their scattering cross section.
9. Vitrage feuilleté selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la couche mince comprend au moins un matériau luminophore émettant dans le rouge, un matériau luminophore émettant dans le bleu et un matériau luminophore émettant dans le vert, sous une excitation UV.9. laminated glazing according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the thin film comprises at least one phosphor material emitting in the red, a phosphor material emitting in blue and a phosphor material emitting in the green, under a UV excitation.
10. Vitrage feuilleté selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la couche mince comprend différents luminophores répartis aléatoirement au sein de ladite couche, disposés en bandes successives dans ladite couche ou encore séparés dans différentes régions de ladite couche sous la forme de pixels de couleur.10. Laminated glazing according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the thin film comprises different phosphors distributed randomly within said layer, arranged in successive bands in said layer or separated in different regions of said layer in the form of pixels. color.
11. Vitrage feuilleté selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la couche mince est déposée sur le feuillet thermoplastique ou sur la feuille transparente par un technique choisie parmi les techniques de sérigraphie, les techniques du type jet d'encre ou encore les techniques du type offset, fiexogravure ou encore héliogravure.11. Laminated glazing according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the thin layer is deposited on the thermoplastic sheet or on the transparent sheet by a technique chosen from screen printing techniques, inkjet type techniques or techniques. offset, gravure or gravure printing.
12. Dispositif de visualisation d'une image sur un vitrage transparent comprenant un vitrage feuilleté selon l'une des revendications précédentes et une source génératrice de rayonnement UV, le faisceau d'ultraviolet étant dirigé vers la ou les zones du vitrage comprenant la couche de luminophores.12. An image display device on a transparent glazing unit comprising a laminated glazing unit according to one of the preceding claims and a source generating UV radiation, the ultraviolet beam being directed towards the area or zones of the glazing unit comprising the phosphors.
13. Dispositif de visualisation selon la revendication 12, dans lequel la source génératrice de rayonnement UV classique est choisie parmi les sources du type LED, lampe à Xénon, lampe à Mercure, lampe à arc aux halogénures. 13. A display device according to claim 12, wherein the source generating conventional UV radiation is selected from sources of the LED type, Xenon lamp, Mercury lamp, halide arc lamp.
14. Dispositif de visualisation selon la revendication 12, dans lequel la source génératrice de rayonnement UV est choisie parmi les sources UV laser, par exemple du type laser à solide, diode laser à semi- conducteurs, lasers à gaz, lasers à colorant, laser à excimère.14. Display device according to claim 12, in which the source generating UV radiation is chosen from UV laser sources, for example of the solid state laser type, semiconductor laser diode, gas lasers, dye lasers, laser lasers. to excimer.
15. Dispositif de visualisation selon la revendication 12 à 14 comprenant en outre des moyens de modulation de l'onde excitatrice, lesdits moyens permettant de moduler le rayonnement UV pour une excitation sélective des luminophores présents dans ladite couche. 15. A display device according to claim 12 to 14 further comprising means for modulating the excitation wave, said means for modulating the UV radiation for a selective excitation of the phosphors present in said layer.
PCT/FR2008/050466 2007-03-23 2008-03-19 Head-up display device WO2008132368A2 (en)

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