WO2008124800A1 - Mélanges de carburant - Google Patents

Mélanges de carburant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008124800A1
WO2008124800A1 PCT/US2008/059807 US2008059807W WO2008124800A1 WO 2008124800 A1 WO2008124800 A1 WO 2008124800A1 US 2008059807 W US2008059807 W US 2008059807W WO 2008124800 A1 WO2008124800 A1 WO 2008124800A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
alcohol
fuel
ether
oil
ethanol
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2008/059807
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Russell J. Barker
Randall Fischer
Bryan D. Johnson
Original Assignee
Ethanol Eex, Llc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ethanol Eex, Llc filed Critical Ethanol Eex, Llc
Publication of WO2008124800A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008124800A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C41/00—Preparation of ethers; Preparation of compounds having groups, groups or groups
    • C07C41/01—Preparation of ethers
    • C07C41/09—Preparation of ethers by dehydration of compounds containing hydroxy groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/02—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for reducing smoke development
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/04—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for minimising corrosion or incrustation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
    • C10L1/1616—Hydrocarbons fractions, e.g. lubricants, solvents, naphta, bitumen, tars, terpentine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/182—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof
    • C10L1/1822—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10L1/1824—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms mono-hydroxy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/185—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Aldehydes; Ketones
    • C10L1/1852—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Orthoesters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to fuel compositions that may be used as fuels and as fuel additives for enhancing and stabilizing alcohol fuels and alcohol fuel blends.
  • Oxygenated fuels containing ethanol or anhydrous ethanol have gained wide technical acceptance.
  • An oxygenated fuel is a fuel in which oxygen atoms are chemically bound within the fuel structure. The oxygen bond in the oxygenated fuel is energetic and provides chemical energy that results in no loss of efficiency during combustion.
  • alcohol attracts water and will separate from petroleum fuels in the presence of certain amounts of water condensation.
  • ethanol as well as methanol and other water-soluble alcohols
  • Diesel oil and anhydrous ethanol form solutions when blended but the presence of even a very low amount of water will cause a separation into a hydrocarbon phase and an ethanol/water phase.
  • the tendency of phase separation increases. It is therefore important to maintain the fuel in a homogeneous liquid phase over the entire temperature range at which the fuel can be exposed.
  • EP-A1-89 147 discloses a macroemulsion comprising liquid hydrocarbons, ethanol and water and as an emulsifier a polyetherpolystyrene block copolymer.
  • the stability of such emulsions is limited and even minor separations may cause disturbances when starting or running an internal combustion engine, or causing increased emissions, for example of CO and organic substances, when burnt.
  • EP-A 1-475 620 discloses a microemulsion diesel fuel containing a hydrocarbon fraction, water and optionally also ethanol.
  • a blend of a hydrophilic surfactant and a lipophilic surfactant is added, in particular a mixture of a sulfonate and an ethoxylate.
  • This fuel needs large amounts of surfactants and is furthermore rather sensitive to temperature variations.
  • the present invention provides novel fuel compositions that may also be used as fuel additives for alcohol fuel blends. These fuel compositions are produced from renewable sources and can be pipelined directly or in any combination with an alcohol without water separation.
  • These fuel compositions contain an ether and a lubricant component.
  • These fuel blends may contain an alcohol, and particularly ethanol, in amounts representing from between 1% to greater than 99% of the fuel blend.
  • These fuel blends may also include petroleum fuel products such as gasoline or diesel fuels. Preferred fuel blends of this invention can be used independently of any petroleum products with the same composition benefits, but with better emissions profiles due do the elimination of the high carbon petroleum components.
  • the fuel blends of this invention may be mixed with petroleum gasoline. In any ratio, this gas-alcohol fuel additive blend will burn with favorable emissions, better mileage and power and with no undesirable effects in non-flex fuel engines. In embodiments containing ethanol concentrations over about 60%, the vehicle merely requires a modification to the oxygen sensor. The ability of these fuel blends to be used in all existing automobiles, without engine or fuel system modifications, is a novel advantage of these fuel blends.
  • Figure 1 depicts a fractional distillation system that may be used to produce an organic oil lubricant of the present invention.
  • the present invention is drawn to ethanol fuel blends that enhance the combustion characteristics of the fuel while limiting the dryness and corrosiveness of the fuel.
  • the fuel blends of the present invention will not separate under typical temperature and pressure conditions present in an automotive engine.
  • the fuel blends of the present invention are formed by combining an alcohol, an ether component, and a lubricant.
  • the alcohol is preferably ethanol, but methanol, as well as alcohols of isomers of propane, butane, pentane, methoxypropane, hexane, heptane and octane are also contemplated in the fuel blends of the present invention.
  • Hydrocarbon fuels having a carbon number greater than three i.e. propane
  • propane may have a higher flash point requiring the use of larger amounts, by volume, in the fuel mixtures of the present invention. These larger hydrocarbons may also impose greater environmental toxicities.
  • the alcohol may have any source.
  • the alcohol source is largely free of water.
  • the anhydrous ethanol may be obtained from a renewable biomass source or other related sources.
  • the ethanol is greater than 90% pure, more preferably more than 95% pure and even more preferably, more than 99% pure.
  • the anhydrous methanol or anhydrous ethanol as added in this invention may be 1% to 15% by volume of the light hydrocarbon fraction, namely the pentane fraction.
  • the percentage of the anhydrous methanol or anhydrous ethanol as added in this invention may be optionally adjusted depending upon the desired octane number.
  • the ether component of the fuel blends of the present invention lowers the vapor pressure for the fuel and thereby lowers the flash point of the fuel and acts as a primer to the combustion of the fuel.
  • the ether component is preferably diethyl ether, dimethyl ether or a combination of these ethers.
  • the ether component may be present in an amount between 1% and 90%, by weight, of the fuel blend.
  • the amount of ether added to the fuel blends of the present invention may vary widely in response to the altitude and temperature in which the fuels will be used, as well as the amount and concentration of the lubricant present in the fuel.
  • the ether component of the fuel blends is diethyl ether present in an amount between 1% and 10%, by volume, of the fuel blend.
  • the lubricant component of the fuel blends of the present invention may be any lubricant effective to offset the corrosiveness and dryness of the ether and ethanol portions of the fuel blend, while increasing the energy content of the alcohol component of the fuel blend.
  • the preferred lubricant is a mixture of hydrocarbons.
  • the hydrocarbons are recovered from distilled organic oils. Oils derived from any plant, seed, bean, fruit or vegetable that has an oil component may be distilled to produce the hydrocarbon blends that serve as lubricants in the fuel blends of the present invention. Used cooking oils can also be used in the process. Petroleum and synthetic petroleum products may also be used to produce the hydrocarbon mixture but these hydrocarbon components will separate from the fuel blends over time, requiring continuous mixing.
  • the lubricant component may be present in an amount between 0.001% and 99%, by volume, of the fuel blend.
  • the lubricant may be mixed with the alcohol in an amount between 0.008% and 0.02%, by volume, of the fuel blend.
  • the lubricants may also be used as a primary component of a fuel, or used with the addition of only minor amounts of ether and ethanol as a bio-diesel fuel blend.
  • preferred fuel blends of the present invention contain an anhydrous alcohol containing between about 1% and about 10%, by volume, of an ether and between about 0.001% and about 0.1%, by volume, of a mixture of distilled hydrocarbons.
  • the fuel blend is an anhydrous ethanol containing between about 1% and about 10%, by volume, diethyl ether and between about 0.001% and about 0.02%, by volume, of a distilled organic oil.
  • the lubricant components used in making the fuel blends of the present invention may be formed by distillation processes.
  • the distillation processes used are described below, but one of skill in the art will readily recognize that these processes may be scaled up to industrial distiallation production volumes as desired.
  • Hydrocarbon lubricants may be produced by common fractional distillation of an organic oil. Referring to Figure 1, any organic oil is introduced to the round bottom flask (C) and an alcohol is introduced to the organic oil, preferably through a separatory flask (A) in connection with round bottom flask (C).
  • the round bottom flask (C) is heated using a heat source (D) to a temperature in the range of between about 26O 0 C to about 38O 0 C, as may be measured by thermometer (B).
  • Natural gas produced during the distillation is bled away from the distilled lubricant from the condensing column (E) through vacuum hose (J) to a natural gas containment vessel (L) under vacuum created by pump (K). Natural gas collected may be removed for uses outside the distillation procedures of the present invention or re-introduced to the heat source (D). Hydrocarbon lubricant is collected in collection flask (H) that is preferably cooled in an ice bath or other suitable cooling or refrigeration system (I).
  • the condensing column is cooled by circulating a coolant through coolant inlet (G) and returned through coolant return line (F). Hydrocarbons collected in collection flask (H) may be further distilled to separate all fuel-grade hydrocarbons from any remaining glycerin.
  • the lubricant produced by common fractional distillation as described above can be further refined by common fractional distillation to remove additional alcohols present.
  • the lubricant is re-introduced to a round bottom flask and heated to distill away any remaining alcohols.
  • these additional alcohols are distilled through a fractionating column and natural gas produced during the distillation is bled away from the distilled lubricant and alcohol vapor from the condensing column through vacuum hose to a natural gas containment vessel under vacuum. Natural gas collected may be removed for uses outside the distillation procedures of the present invention or re-introduced as a heat source.
  • a condensed and further refined lubricant is retained in the round bottom flask.
  • the condensed lubricant retained in the round bottom flask may be mixed with an alcohol to form a lubricant - alcohol fuel blend suitable for the intended temperature and altitude at which the fuel will be used.
  • Diethyl ether may be produced by common fractional distillation of sulfuric acid and ethanol.
  • sulfuric acid is introduced to the round bottom flask (C) and an alcohol is introduced to the sulfuric acid, preferably through a separatory flask (A) in connection with round bottom flask (C).
  • the round bottom flask (C) is heated using a heat source (D) as measured by thermometer (B).
  • Natural gas produced during the distillation is bled away from the distilled diethyl ether from the condensing column (E) through vacuum hose (J) to a containment vessel (L) under vacuum created by pump (K).
  • Natural gas collected may be removed for uses outside the distillation procedures of the present invention or re-introduced to the heat source (D).
  • the condensing column is cooled by circulating a coolant through coolant inlet (G) and returned through coolant return line (F).
  • Diethyl ether is collected in collection flask (H) that is preferably cooled in an ice bath or other suitable cooling or refrigeration system
  • the fuel blends of the invention may be used alone as a fuel or combined with gasoline or diesel or biodiesel fuels to improve the performance or decrease the pollution created by burning typical gasolines, diesels, biodiesels or blends thereof.
  • Reference to "fuel” or “gasoline” herein is meant to encompass a fuel containing hydrocarbons boiling in the gasoline boiling point range of from 8O 0 C to 45O 0 C, and preferably from about 9O 0 C to about 400 0 C.
  • the gasoline or diesel fuels obtain a higher oxygenate content meaning that the amount of oxygenate in the fuel may be increased by at least about 5 volume percent, and preferably at least about 20 volume percent.
  • the fuel blends of the present invention may be added to gasoline or biodiesel fuels to obtain an alcohol content in the final hydrocarbonaceous fuel blend of about 20 volume percent or higher.
  • Fuel blends of the present invention may be added to gasoline for use in all vehicles without adverse effects.
  • the fuel may be formed to include the fuel blends of the present invention such that the ethanol content of the final fuel product is about 25 or about 50 or about 75 volume percent in the fuel. While there is no known upper limit on the alcohol (or any oxygenate) content in a fuel that will benefit from the present invention, ethanol contents above about 80 volume percent may have certain undesired corrosive effects.
  • the present invention also includes methods of improving the fuel economy and reducing the pollutants produced by an internal combustion engine. These methods include using the fuel blends of the present invention to fuel an internal combustion engine. These oxygenated fuels produce fewer pollutants than the same engine fueled with a standard commercial gasoline or diesel fuel. These enhanced fuels also have a higher energy content compared to standard commercial fuels, owing to the lubricant additives in the fuel blends of the present invention.
  • the present invention also provides a fuel production methodology and facility that substantially reduces dependence on products imported to the facility, other than the plant or animal feedstock used as a source of oil.
  • the facility internally produces natural gases which are collected in the production process for use in the facility.
  • the production process includes known processes of producing ethanol combined with the distillation processes described herein.
  • Ethanol, diethyl ether, water, lubricant/diesel, natural gas, and glycerin are all derived from grain or celluosic feedstock or any other feedstock that can be utilized to produce all of these products.
  • Ethanol is produced from the feedstock and introduced to an organic oil (also derived from the feedstock) and by distillation produces the lubricant as described above.
  • a portion of the lubricant is mixed with ethanol and ether to produce a fuel blend of the present invention. Portions of the lubricant produced are also boiled down to produce a unique type of fuel similar to a diesel.
  • Diethyl ether is produced as a byproduct of the vapor-phase hydration of ethylene to make ethanol. This process uses solid-supported phosphoric acid catalysts and can be adjusted to make specific quantities of diethyl ether. Vapor-phase dehydration of ethanol over some alumina catalysts can give a yield of up to 95%. Diethyl ether is also produced by the acid ether synthesis mixing sulfuric acid and ethanol.
  • a nucleophollic oxygen atom of unprotonated ethanol displaces a water molecule from the protonated ethanol molecule, producing water, a hydrogen ion and diethyl ether.
  • Water produced as by product may be reintroduced to facility operations.
  • the glycerin that is collected is used as mass to collect, contain, and distribute the heat required in the facility, via systems similar to typical hydronic heat systems.
  • the glycerin may be mixed with glycol or water to provide greater mass than typical glycol or water hydronic systems.
  • Natural gas is produced as a byproduct of the primary processes of ethanol, lubricant, diesel, and diethyl ether, and collected for redistribution to energy production for the facility.
  • the remaining feedstock may be used to provide bio-mass for energy.
  • This type of bio-mass derives from celluosic or other feedstocks, which would otherwise not be used to feed livestock.
  • Other sources of energy may be required to supplement the natural gas but alternate sources of energy such as solar, geothermal, photovoltaic technologies, and or other sources of methane may be applied to achieve a self sufficient processing facility or a processing facility which relies primarily on alternative energies.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une composition de carburant pour véhicule qui contient un alcool, un lubrifiant et un éther. Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, le mélange de carburant contient de l'éthanol, de l'éther diméthylique et un acide organique distillé. Ces mélanges de carburant sont mélangés soigneusement pour obtenir un carburant moteur qui présente une teneur en énergie supérieure et un profil de pollution réduit en comparaison des carburants moteurs commerciaux standards.
PCT/US2008/059807 2007-04-09 2008-04-09 Mélanges de carburant WO2008124800A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US91072107P 2007-04-09 2007-04-09
US60/910,721 2007-04-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008124800A1 true WO2008124800A1 (fr) 2008-10-16

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2008/059807 WO2008124800A1 (fr) 2007-04-09 2008-04-09 Mélanges de carburant

Country Status (2)

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US (1) US20080244960A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008124800A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2233552A1 (fr) * 2009-03-27 2010-09-29 MAN Nutzfahrzeug AG Carburant diesel à base d'éthanol

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2553235A1 (fr) * 2010-03-31 2013-02-06 Haldor Topsøe A/S Procédé de préparation d'un carburant pour moteur diesel
FR3085722B1 (fr) * 2018-09-07 2020-08-07 Continental Automotive France Procede de distribution de carburant

Citations (2)

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WO1981000721A1 (fr) * 1979-09-10 1981-03-19 Wer R Combustible universel pour moteurs
US20070056213A1 (en) * 2005-03-11 2007-03-15 French William T Renewable fuel/lubricant mixture for use in a two-stroke internal combustion engine

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US2662052A (en) * 1951-07-24 1953-12-08 Iowa State College Res Found Separation of menthol from mint oils by a fractional distillation process
US4743272A (en) * 1984-02-08 1988-05-10 Theodor Weinberger Gasoline substitute fuel and method for using the same
CA2317399C (fr) * 1998-01-12 2009-01-27 Deborah Wenzel Composition additive egalement utilisee comme composition combustible contenant des alcools hydrosolubles
US6761745B2 (en) * 2000-01-24 2004-07-13 Angelica Hull Method of reducing the vapor pressure of ethanol-containing motor fuels for spark ignition combustion engines
SE523228C2 (sv) * 2000-12-15 2004-04-06 Akzo Nobel Nv Bränslekomposition innehållande en kolvätefraktion, etanol och ett additiv med vattensolubiliserande förmåga
US6637381B2 (en) * 2001-10-09 2003-10-28 Southwest Research Institute Oxygenated fuel plus water injection for emissions control in compression ignition engines
US20040231234A1 (en) * 2003-05-19 2004-11-25 May Choo Yuen Palm diesel with low pour point for climate countries
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CR7573A (es) * 2004-11-11 2005-06-08 Araya Brenes Mario Composicion de un combustible y/o biocombustible a base de alcohol para sustituir gasolina, diesel o aceites combustibles en motores convencionales de combustion interna y metodo para su empleo
US7534274B2 (en) * 2005-02-07 2009-05-19 Mao-Sheng Lee Vehicle fuel composition

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1981000721A1 (fr) * 1979-09-10 1981-03-19 Wer R Combustible universel pour moteurs
US20070056213A1 (en) * 2005-03-11 2007-03-15 French William T Renewable fuel/lubricant mixture for use in a two-stroke internal combustion engine

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2233552A1 (fr) * 2009-03-27 2010-09-29 MAN Nutzfahrzeug AG Carburant diesel à base d'éthanol
US9982207B2 (en) 2009-03-27 2018-05-29 Man Truck & Bus Ag Diesel fuel based on ethanol

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