WO2008118109A1 - Device for technical registration of critical states of persons under research, its variants and method for technical registration of critical states of persons under research - Google Patents

Device for technical registration of critical states of persons under research, its variants and method for technical registration of critical states of persons under research Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008118109A1
WO2008118109A1 PCT/UA2008/000013 UA2008000013W WO2008118109A1 WO 2008118109 A1 WO2008118109 A1 WO 2008118109A1 UA 2008000013 W UA2008000013 W UA 2008000013W WO 2008118109 A1 WO2008118109 A1 WO 2008118109A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
signal
critical
person
under research
frequency
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PCT/UA2008/000013
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French (fr)
Inventor
Valerii Kanevskyi
Volodymyr Kapustin
Volodymyr Solodovnikoff
Original Assignee
Valerii Kanevskyi
Volodymyr Kapustin
Volodymyr Solodovnikoff
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Priority claimed from UAU200703135U external-priority patent/UA22982U/en
Application filed by Valerii Kanevskyi, Volodymyr Kapustin, Volodymyr Solodovnikoff filed Critical Valerii Kanevskyi
Publication of WO2008118109A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008118109A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B7/00—Instruments for auscultation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/44—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the integumentary system, e.g. skin, hair or nails
    • A61B5/441—Skin evaluation, e.g. for skin disorder diagnosis
    • A61B5/445—Evaluating skin irritation or skin trauma, e.g. rash, eczema, wound, bed sore
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
    • A61B5/6813—Specially adapted to be attached to a specific body part
    • A61B5/6814—Head
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/08—Clinical applications
    • A61B8/0833—Clinical applications involving detecting or locating foreign bodies or organic structures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the methods of work of devices for examining the internal structure of objects, in particular, the fact of presence of bullet wounds with the use of acoustic emission, time of acoustic waves spreading, and might be used for creation of devices for detection of critical situations in order to provide the possibility of taking the next managing decision about the order of accomplishment of the mission, about the possibility of accomplishment of the mission by the bullet injured person, about the possibility of accomplishment of the pared-down mission by the bullet injured person.
  • the known method is based on the use of devices related to the objects environing the driver, particularly to certain elements of the sensors of the person's head vertical position, which are placed in certain parts and which may be used in conditions of limited person's placing against the named sensors.
  • the essential disadvantage of this method is the necessity of the presence of bullet injured person at the mobile diagnostic complex and related to this essential delay of examination of bullet injured persons, that in case of hard events of bullet injuring and events of bullet injuring with the lost by the bullet injured person of mobility is determining for the survival of the person.
  • Patent Application # 20070260407, IPC G06F19/00, G06F019/00, publication date 8.11.2007 which envisage the measuring by a group of sensors (piezo- polymerous) of vibration of the surface of the body from at least two sides of the body, detecting vibration of certain frequency, logical processing of the received signal and forming the conclusion (and the signal) about the presence of the critical situation for the person (ballistic impact) in case of presence of vibration of certain frequency (between 280 and 1074,2 Hz) from at least one of the sensors (examples of typical frequencies 286 Hz 1 293 Hz, 390 Hz, 400 Hz, 439,4 Hz, 488 Hz, 585,9 Hz, 1074,2 Hz have been used).
  • the disadvantage of the named method is the fact that for its realization the group of sensors is needed and that the reliability of detecting of person's critical situation (ballistic impact) is directly proportional to the quantity of sensors and the evenness of their allocation on the surface of the body.
  • the named features at the construction and the method are caused by the high level of attenuation of the frequencies of vibration in the person's body, which are used while proceeding the examination by the known methods. Also, in the named method the conditions of detecting the person's critical situation (ballistic impact) in the limits from 286 Hz to 1074,2 kHz are not clearly enough formalized and the named conditions should be set by the user that, due to including an additional subjective factor into the next valuation, reduces the reliability of detecting the critical situation.
  • the amplitude of the majority of the determined by the sensor signals depends essentially from the place of the placement of the sensor against the place of the ballistic impact to the body, that complicates the use of the amplitude as the feature of the limit of the signal, which testifies to the presence of the signal.
  • the use in the device of the elements with technical parameters that provide the possibility of study of the vibration only in the limits from 286 Hz to 1074,2 Hz, and the limited quantity of the elements, particularly only for the analysis of two parameters, amplitude and frequency of vibrations, does not provide the enough reliability of determining of the ballistic impact, because the named signals can have place in other processes and attacks, for example collision of the body (trunk) with obstacles, or while bearing of the body up against the details which have the named oscillation frequencies, of while holding in the hands of the objects which have the named oscillation frequencies.
  • the aim of the invention is to create the method and the device for technical registration of critical state of persons under research where by using the empirically selected parameters and modes, which characterize technical effects of movement of the bullet in the body and thereafter the process of bullet attack and allow to differentiate it from the similar signals, provide the rise of trustworthiness of determination of presence of bullet attack with the help of technical devices.
  • the device for technical registration of critical states of persons under research includes logically set sensor to determine oscillation and its transformation into electrical signals; set of electronic components to determine signal frequency and force; logic elements to determine the presence of signal frequency and power in accordance with the set conditions.
  • the innovation of the device is the use of the named below devices like an alarm device : sensor with parameters to determine oscillation of sound frequency and ultrasonic frequency from 3 to 50 kHz and its transformation into electrical signals, set of electronic components to determine duration, frequency and power of logically appearing acoustic signals set with parameters, which accompany the process of movement of the ballistic element inside the body, and logic elements to determine the presence of each of the parameters of acoustic signals and its correspondence to acoustic signals, which correspond to conditions of movement of the ballistic element inside the body, signal former according to presence of critical situation, alarm device, the mean for launching it into work, that includes a drive for throwing up of alarm device, signal receiver according to presence of critical situation.
  • the use of the named elements with the named parameters allows to create a device for critical situation detection, namely, for the detection of the presence of event of bullet impact, which is in contrast to well-known devices and that can be set only in one point on person's body and contains just one oscillation sensor and one channel of signal processing from this sensor.
  • the signal duration provides an opportunity to distinguish signals, related to the process of event of bullet impact, from the similar signals with the close parameters from other sources, but with substantially bigger duration, than that of the signals, related to the event of the bullet injure, that provides the rise of probability of determination of presence of bullet injure event with the help of technical devices.
  • the formed with the help of drive signal about presence of critical situation increases the possibility to get it, because the signal is sent from the defined height.
  • the sensor measuring signals in one point of the body can be connected to the second set of electronic components determining duration, frequency and power of the set of logically appearing acoustic signals, with parameters, which accompany the process of movement of the ballistic element inside the body, which is connected with logic elements to determine the presence of parameters of each of acoustic signals and their correspondence to the acoustic signals that correspond to the conditions of movement of the ballistic element inside the body, which are related to signal former about critical situation.
  • the light marker can be used as an alarm device
  • the use of the named elements in one of the device's variants, and the use of a light marker as the alarm device, provides reliable operative signal receiving about presence of critical situation by a group of persons, that are situated on the distance of visible contact from the place of event, that for the known set of cases allow to simplify the process of taking a decision according to presence of a critical situation.
  • Any well conspicuous object can be used as a light marker, it also can be any brightly colored or well known pyrotechnic mean.
  • a radio transmitter can be used as the alarm device.
  • the use of the named elements in one of the device's variants and the use of a radio transmitter as the alarm device provides receiving the reliable operative signal about the presence of critical situation on the distance from the place of event, that is for a set of well known in practice cases, allow to simplify the process of making a decision according to the presence of a critical situation.
  • the throwing up device of the alarm device can be produced in a form of exploder with squib, or spring-assisted element, with fixing element in a spring- assisted state and the device for releasing this spring-assisted element.
  • other variant of the device for technical registration of critical states of persons under research includes logically set sensor determinig oscillation and its transformation into electrical signals, set of electronic components determining signal frequency and force, logic elements determining the presence of signal frequency and force and their accordance to the set conditions.
  • the innovation of the device consists in the use of: sensor with parameters determining oscillation of sound frequency from 5 to 7 kHz and its transformation into electrical signals, set of electronic components determining duration, frequency and power of logically appearing acoustic signals set, with parameters, that accompany the process of movement of ballistic element inside the body, and logic elements determining the presence of each parameter of acoustic signals and its correspondence to acoustic signals, which correspond to conditions of movement of the ballistic element inside the body, signal former according to the presence of critical situation, connected to blocks of signal study, placed on person's body, which includes logically set sensor to determine oscillation of sound frequency and its transformation into electric signals, storage device, set of electronic components aimed to determine duration, frequency and power of the set of logically appearing acoustic signals, with frequency parameters from 3 to 5 kHz, which accompany the process of movement of ballistic element inside the body, and logic elements aimed to determine the presence of each parameter of acoustic signals and its correspondence to acoustic signals, which correspond to
  • the method of critical state technical registration envisages the oscillation monitoring of the person under research, the study of the oscillations of the named frequency and its taking into account at the moment of making the conclusion about the presence of critical situation.
  • the innovation of the device is the realization of the pressure monitoring inside the body, and in case of presence of acoustic signal impulse in the body with power (-24)- (-38) and time duration 1- 10 ms the study of the presence of (package) acoustic signals in the head of the person under research with 5-7 kHz frequency band, with 1-10 ms time duration and with the presence of named factors the signal about critical situation is generated and transmitted.
  • the use in the device of the named actions in the named time ranges with the named conditions in a form of parameters and limits of parameters allows to create a device detecting critical states, particularly the presence of event of bullet impact, which in contrast to the well known devices, can be set just in one point on the body (head) and contain just one oscillation sensor and one processing channel from the signal sensor.
  • the accounting of the signal duration provides the opportunity to distinguish the signals, which are connected with the process of event of bullet impact from the similar signals with close parameters from other sources, but with substantially longer duration, than this of the signals, which are related to the process of event of bullet impact, that provides the rise of trustworthiness of determination of the presence of event of bullet impact by technical means.
  • the new placement of the sensor found empirically, securely provides the receiving of the signal of a new, found empirically, frequency in case of ballistic impact to any part of the body.
  • the additional study of presence of package of acoustic signals in a person's head with 10-50 kHz frequency band and its 20-500 ⁇ s time duration and the power in band (- 25dB)-(-16dB) is effectuated, and in case of presence of named parameters of two kinds of signals the signal about person's critical situation is generated and transmitted.
  • the use of determining of the fact of the ballistic impact, of two named types of signals permits to form and transmit a more trustworthy signal about the presence of the critical situation according to the essential reduction of the possibility of occasional existence of the both similar signals from other objects.
  • the signal about critical situation is transmitted with the help of a light marker, but the light marker is disconnected before the transmission of the critical situation signal, at the moment of begging of conditions of presence of critical situation from the monitoring system, initiating its launching into work, and thrown up.
  • the critical situation signal is directed with the help of radio-transmitter, but the radio transmitter is disconnected from the monitoring system before the transmission of the critical situation signal, at the moment of begging of conditions of presence of critical situation, and thrown up, but the critical situation signal passes from the transmitter, which is on flight.
  • the use of transmission of the formed critical situation alarm signal from the defined height above the body substantially increases the probability of the receipt of the named signal in connection that wounded person with a high ability can be situated in a limited radiowave coverage zone, for example, in trench, ravine, area, edged with hills.
  • the named actions because of substantially increasing probability of the receipt of the named signal by the duty officer, allow to refuse the use of the system doubling, which is extensively used to provide the security of alarm system.
  • the use of named actions allows to determine directionally the injured place - body, arm or leg, and the presence of pain shock when the bone tissue is injured, that provides the possibility of making a more substantiated decision about the order of accomplishment of the mission by the group of people, according to the possibility of accomplishment of the mission by the injured person, about the possibility of accomplishment of the pared-down mission by the injured person in the context of the task of the group after the pain shock passes.
  • the monitoring of acoustic signals inside the body of the person under research is effectuated by the set of acoustic sensors, which are placed on different parts of the person's body, the sensors are connected to signal proceeding device, which contents the devices for comparing the terms of signal receipt from different sensors, and by the location of the signal sensor with the shortest term, the location of bullet injure zone is defined.
  • the signal sensor determining the presence of event of bullet impact to the person under research is placed in the zone of carotid artery, fixed on the bandage, that covers the forehead part of the head with the possibility to be replaced, or (on constructive elements) on the general device, or on the similar object, or on the internal surface of the helmet, or directly to the cutaneous covering of the head with the help of adhesive plaster or glue material.
  • the use of one of the named variants of the method of sensor setting provides the possibility of making a list of concrete devices for defined conditions of the use of the method.
  • the radio waves are used to connect acoustic signal sensors to the signal processing device.
  • the use of the named additional actions in the composition of the method for technical registration of critical states of persons under research permits to determine the presence of the person in critical state, that provides the possibility of taking the next managing decision about the order of accomplishment of the mission, about the possibility of accomplishment of the mission by the injured person, about the possibility of accomplishment of the pared-down mission by the injured person.
  • the variants of the method of technical registration of critical states of people under research, and the variants of realization of devices for technical registration of critical states of persons under research are illustrated by the examples of their realization.
  • fig 1 the variant of the Device for technical registration of critical states of under research people is represented. It consists of the elements placed on the head, on fig 2 the variant of realization of the named device, which provides the analysis of two kinds of signals, that characterize the process of movement of the ballistic element inside the body, on fig 3 the variant of realization of the Device for technical registration of critical states of people, that provides the approximate determining of the injured place, on the fig 4 the variant of realization of the Device for technical registration of critical states of people, that provides the possibility to study the movement activity of the injured person, on fig 5, 6 and 7 the variants of the devices placed on the head, on fig 8 the variant of the device for realization of throwing up, that produced in a form of spring- assisted element, with the fixing element in the spring-assisted state, on fig 9 the variant of the device for realization of throwing up, that produced in a form of exploder with squib, on fig 10 the possible variant of realization of principle network scheme for signal processing, that can be used in devices (fig 1-4) to
  • fig 11 the example of signal in the head is presented, that analyzes in a basic variant of the method of technical registration of critical state of persons under research, on fig 12 - the example of short term signal, that additionally analyses in the variant of the method of technical registration of critical state of persons under research, based on the analysis of two signals, on fig 13 - example of the signal that additionally analyses in the variant of the method that provide approximate setting of the ballistic hit place, on fig 14 - the example of signal that additionally analyses in the variant of the method that provide fact setting of injured bone tissue, on fig 15 - example of the signal from accelerometer, that additionally analyses in the variant of the method that provide the determining of the motional activity.
  • the presented on the figures 1-4 devices for technical registration of critical states of persons under research include sensor 1 with the previewed by the method parameters for detecting the sound and ultrasound frequency oscillations, buffer amplifier 2, set of electronic components to determine duration, frequency and power of logically arising acoustic signal set, particularly pass band filter 3, rectifier 4, logarithmic amplifier 5, duration determining module 6, threshold device 7, logic elements determining the presence of parameters of acoustic signals and the correspondence to the acoustic signals, which correspond the conditions of the motion of the ballistic element inside of the body 8, critical situation signal former 9, the signalizing element 10, device for its launching into action, that includes the block for forming of the launching signal 11 , drive for throwing up of alarm device 12, critical situation signal receiver 13.
  • the presented on the figure 2 variant of the device for technical registration of critical states of persons under research contains also peak detector 14 and threshold device 15.
  • the presented on the figure 3 variant of the device for technical registration of critical states of persons under research contains block 16, which is placed on the head and contains the named electronic and logic elements 1-8 with the corresponding sets and is connected to blocks 17, 18, 19, 20 and 21 which have the same structure based on the named electronic and logic elements 1-8, which additionally contains storage device 22 and is connected to the ports of logic elements 8, alarm signal former 23 of block connected to the critical situation signal former 24 which contains block for comparing the powers of the signals 25, the named signalizing element 10, device for its launching which contains the block for forming the on signal 11 , drive for throwing up of alarm device 12 and critical situation signal receiver 13.
  • the presented on the figure 4 variant of the device for technical registration of critical states of persons under research contains block 16 which is placed on the head and contains the named electronic and logic elements 1-8 with the corresponding sets and is connected to blocks 17, 18. 19. 20, 21 which have the same structure based on the named electronic and logic elements 1-8.
  • Storage device 22 is placed before the set of the electronic and logic elements.
  • Each of blocks 17, 18, 19, 20 and 21 also contains accelerometer 26, root- mean-square detector 27, comparator 28 and microcontroller 29.
  • the ports of the three sets of the named electronic and logic elements 1-8 and 26-29 are connected to alarm signal former 30 of the block connected to critical situation signal former 31 that contains block comparing the powers of the signals 25, the named signalizing element 10, the device for its launching into action, that includes block forming the on signal 11 , drive for throwing up of alarm device 12, the second signalizing element 32, as a form of which radio receiver and critical situation signal receiver 13 are used.
  • the spring 35 may be used with the mechanism 36 of its launching into strained state with the application of the ratchet-gear mechanism for saving in the strained state and rod 37 for deblocking the ratchet-gear mechanism.
  • pyrotechnic source of energy as the source of energy (figure 10) for throwing up of the signalizing element 33 in the device 34 for throwing up the signalizing element 33
  • the pyrotechnic charge 38 in the form of squib with electric fuse 39 and the placed between the pyrotechnic charge 38 and the signalizing element 33 wad 40 may be used.
  • blocks for processing the signals particularly pass band frequency filter, rectifier, logarithmic amplifier, duration determining module, threshold device, and other elements may be performed on the generally known constructions of blocks of processing the information to provide the possibility of determining the duration, the frequency and the power of the signals and the logic elements for determining the correspondence of the signals to the established conditions.
  • the blocks for processing the signals must be calculated only for the parameters of the signals which are examined by the method.
  • Signal sensor 1 of the device for determining the presence of the bullet impact of a person under research is placed in the place of passing of the carotid artery, is fastened with one of the possible ways.
  • the acoustic signals In case of presence of the bullet impact the acoustic signals reach the head and are captured by sensor 1 for detecting the oscillations, pass through buffer amplifier 2, group of electronic components for providing the possibility of determining duration, frequency and force of the group of consequently appearing acoustic signals, particularly pass band frequency filter 3, rectifier 4, logarithmic amplifier 5, module for determining the duration 6, threshold device 7, logic elements for determining the presence of the parameters of each of the acoustic signals and the correspondence to the acoustic signals, which correspond to the conditions of the motion of the ballistic element inside the body 8.
  • critical situation signal former 9 receives the signal from threshold devices 6, 7, 8, and transmits it to signalizing element 10 for example in the form of radio transmitter.
  • the signal is obtained by block launching signal former which launches drive for throwing up of alarm device 12.
  • Signalizing element 10 in the form of radio transmitter is thrown up and transmits the critical situation signal 13 which is placed for example at the chiefs of the action.
  • the presented on the figure 3 device for technical registration of critical states of persons under research works in a more complicated way.
  • the acoustic signals sound and ultrasound frequency reach the head and are captured by signal sensor 1 for detecting the oscillations, pass through buffer amplifier 2, group of electronic components for providing the possibility of determining the duration, the frequency and the power of the group of consequently appearing acoustic signals, particularly pass band frequency filter 3, rectifier 4, logarithmic amplifier 5, module for detecting the duration 6, threshold device 7, logic elements for determining the parameters of each of the acoustic signals and the correspondence to the acoustic signals that correspond to the conditions of the passing of the ballistic element inside the body 8.
  • the presented in blocks 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 two sets for examining of the obtained by sensor 1 signals are tailored for the different types of the signals, particularly for acoustic signals with the frequency in the limits of 3-5 kHz, with the duration in the limits of 1-10 milliseconds, and acoustic signals with the frequency in the limits of 7-9 kHz, with the duration in the limits of 1-10 milliseconds.
  • Both types of the detected by the blocks 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 signals are transmitted to comparator of the amplitudes of the signals 25, where the block with the biggest amplitude is determined and the presence of the signals with the frequency in the limits of 7-9 kHz is noted.
  • the biggest amplitude of the signals with the frequency in the limits 3-5 kHz is the evidence of the approximate place of the ballistic bullet impact, and the presence of the signal with the frequency in the limits of 7-9 kHz - about the bullet impact to the osseous tissues and the probability of the pain shock.
  • Critical situation signal former 24 forms the signal about the presence of the bullet impact and the probability of the pain shock of persons under research and in the way analogue to those of the previous devices launches into action radio transmitter 10 and the rest of the elements of the device.
  • the signal from the microcontroller 29 is transmitted by alarm signal former 23 of the block to signal former 31 , the second signalizing element 32, as the form of which a radio transmitter is used.
  • the signal about the presence of the motional activity is received by signal receiver 13, which is placed for example at the chiefs of the mission.
  • the detected by the device for technical registration of critical states of persons under research fact of presence of the motional activity. The efficient obtainment of this information provides the possibility of taking the next managing decision about the possibility of accomplishment of the mission.
  • the determining of the fact of the overcome of the level of motional activity of the person in the named barrier during three periods of time of 1 min, 5 min, 20 min form the start of the determined ballistic attack is conductive to the accomplishment of tactic missions concerning the planning of the efficient actions and the salvation of the injured person.
  • the acoustic signal (figure 11) that is fixed by the sensor placed on the head reflects the process of passing of the tension wave from the ballistic impact that begins in different points of the body and comes to the named sensor.
  • the typical period of time of the process is 1-10 milliseconds.
  • the typical frequency of the acoustic signals is 5-7 kHz, their power (-24)-(-38) dB.
  • the movement of the ballistic element inside the body that is accompanied by two different physical processes: the stroke hydra-dynamic wave that is accompanied bye the short-termed acoustic signal with the force in the limits of (- 25)-(16) dB, the duration in the limits of 20-500 microseconds, the frequency in the limits of 10-50 kHz (see figure 12, peak A).
  • the second process - the hydra- dynamic tension wave is accompanied by the acoustic signal of the much lower force with the duration in the limits of 1-10 milliseconds.
  • the acoustic signal that accompanies the hydra-dynamic tension wave is captured directly in the body and has several typical frequency maximums in the range from 3 to 5 kHz (see figure 13) and from 7 to 9 kHz (see figure 14, peak B).
  • the presence of the acoustic signal in the range from 7 to 9 kHz is caused by the contact of the ballistic element with the bone tissue.
  • the electric signal at the exit of accelerometer reflects the intensity of the motional activity of the person under research.
  • the change of the signal at the exit of the accelerometer Line C shows the example of the absence of the essential motional activity during 20 minutes and its level, which is less than the threshold level (horizontal line f).
  • the change of the electric signal at the exit of the accelerometer Line D shows the other example of the absence of the motional activity (horizontal position of the body) on the first step (during 1 minute) and the level of the signal which is less than the threshold level (horizontal line f), essential motional activity (from the 1st to 5th minutes) and the overcome of the threshold level, that corresponds to the efforts to stand up, and the vertical position of the body (from the 5 th to the 20 th minutes) - also the overcome of the threshold level, that indirectly shows to the chief of the mission the possibility of giving the task to this person.

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Abstract

The invention relates to the methods of work of the devices for examination of the internal structure of the objects, in particular, the presence of bullet wounds with the use of acoustic emission, time of spreading of acoustic waves, and might be used for creation of devices for critical situations detection. The aim of the invention is to create the method and the devices for technical registration of critical states of persons under research where by using selected in empirical way parameters and modes, which characterize the technical effects of bullet's movement in the body and thereafter the process of bullet attack and allow to differentiate it from the similar signals, provide the rise of trustworthiness of determination of presence of bullet attack with the help of technical devices.

Description

Device for technical registration of critical states of persons under research, its variants and method for technical registration of critical states of persons under research
The invention relates to the methods of work of devices for examining the internal structure of objects, in particular, the fact of presence of bullet wounds with the use of acoustic emission, time of acoustic waves spreading, and might be used for creation of devices for detection of critical situations in order to provide the possibility of taking the next managing decision about the order of accomplishment of the mission, about the possibility of accomplishment of the mission by the bullet injured person, about the possibility of accomplishment of the pared-down mission by the bullet injured person.
The already known methods of work of devices for technical registration of critical states of persons under research envisage the registration by technical means of the signals related to the person under research.
For example, a known method of warning a driver of a mechanical vehicle about the danger in case of his lost of activity (see Russian Federation patent # 2111133, IPC B60K28/06, publication date 1988.05.20) which envisages the use of the detector, that is fastened on the driver's earlap with the help of fixing and consists of miniature source of light and photoreceiver, situated on both sides of the earlap. The changes of saturation of blood in the blood vessels of the earlap are turned into electric signals. The valuation of the frequency of the pulse is effectuated in the electronic block with the help of the frequency comparator, and the counter reflects the lost of activity and effectuates the alarm signal transmission.
The disadvantages of such method of danger alarm consist in its low exploitation qualities, concerned with the fact that the tough connection of the elements of the sensor on the body leads to man's discomfort. During the long wearing of such device person will feel uncomfortable. Besides, the alarm signal is not informative enough and testifies only to the potential problem, and not to the presence of a critical situation, particularly of a bullet wound. Informing third persons about the possibility of performing by the person under research of the mission is not previewed. After receiving the general alarm signal the additional (for example visual) examination it is necessary to valuate the functional state of the injured person, the possibility of accomplishment of the mission, the possibility of accomplishment of reductive mission in the context of the mission. Known is the method of technical registration of critical states of the driver, which is used in the system of saving of the transport driver in extreme situations (see Russian Federation Patent # 2264235, IPC A61 K33/00, publication date 2005.11.20), which includes the sensor of the critical state of a transport driver, by means of forming commands with the use of non-invasive information processing from the indexes of the person's head position, connected to the block of the on-board hardware-based complex connected to on-board radio- station.
The known method is based on the use of devices related to the objects environing the driver, particularly to certain elements of the sensors of the person's head vertical position, which are placed in certain parts and which may be used in conditions of limited person's placing against the named sensors.
The disadvantage of such method for the concrete person is the fact that its use is essentially limited in space. Devices that work according to this method have the narrow service zone because the person's critical state might come out of the zone of placement of the functional elements of the device. It should be also taken into consideration that the critical state, particularly the bullet wound, might come without essential change of the indexes of the person's head position. Besides, the received alarm signal testifies only about the potential problem, and not about the presence of the bullet wound. After receiving the general alarm signal an additional (for example visual) examination is needed to valuate the functional state of the injured person, the possibility of accomplishment of the mission, the possibility of accomplishment of reductive mission in the context of the mission.
Known is the method of registration of the zone of bullet wound (see Russian Federation patent # 2262680, IPC G01 M11/02, H04B10/08, publication date 2005.10.20) which envisages the forming of a cover that contents the optical sensor performed as an optically transparent cord which covers the regions of the examined surface, one end of each cord is connected to the source of light, and their other ends to the photoreceiver, before the zone, that is violated by the bullet, and in case of the disappearance of the signal on the photoreceiver, that testifies of the violence of the cord by the bullet, the conclusion is made about the presence and the place of the violence of the surface by the bullet.
The use in such method of the sensor will let to register the bullet wound in the moment of its appearance, but the method lets to determine only the presence of the bullet wound and says nothing about the characteristics of this bullet wound, the possibility of accomplishment of the mission, particularly that the soft tissues or the bone stock are violated, that demands the additional visual examinations for taking managing decision about emergency actions.
Known is the method for registering of the zone of bullet wound (see Russian Federation Patent # 2105350, IPC G06F12/40,Go6F159/00, publication date 1998.02.20), which envisages visual examination of parts of the body of the group of examined persons and determination of bullet injured zone, manual entering and registration by means of machine-reader of the information about the zone of bullet wound, transmitting of the information from the machine-reader device with all known kinds of telecommunication devices into the general examination center for taking the decision about the bullet injured person. This method permits to organize rationally only the process of secondary medical aid. The essential disadvantage of this method is the necessity of the presence of bullet injured person at the mobile diagnostic complex and related to this essential delay of examination of bullet injured persons, that in case of hard events of bullet injuring and events of bullet injuring with the lost by the bullet injured person of mobility is determining for the survival of the person.
The disadvantage of this method is that it can not be used in operative situation for taking managing decision about the order of accomplishment of the mission by the bullet injured person, about the possibility of accomplishment by the bullet injured person of the reductive mission. Known are the method and the device for detecting ballistic impact (see US
Patent Application # 20070260407, IPC G06F19/00, G06F019/00, publication date 8.11.2007) which envisage the measuring by a group of sensors (piezo- polymerous) of vibration of the surface of the body from at least two sides of the body, detecting vibration of certain frequency, logical processing of the received signal and forming the conclusion (and the signal) about the presence of the critical situation for the person (ballistic impact) in case of presence of vibration of certain frequency (between 280 and 1074,2 Hz) from at least one of the sensors (examples of typical frequencies 286 Hz1 293 Hz, 390 Hz, 400 Hz, 439,4 Hz, 488 Hz, 585,9 Hz, 1074,2 Hz have been used).
The disadvantage of the named method is the fact that for its realization the group of sensors is needed and that the reliability of detecting of person's critical situation (ballistic impact) is directly proportional to the quantity of sensors and the evenness of their allocation on the surface of the body.
The named features at the construction and the method are caused by the high level of attenuation of the frequencies of vibration in the person's body, which are used while proceeding the examination by the known methods. Also, in the named method the conditions of detecting the person's critical situation (ballistic impact) in the limits from 286 Hz to 1074,2 kHz are not clearly enough formalized and the named conditions should be set by the user that, due to including an additional subjective factor into the next valuation, reduces the reliability of detecting the critical situation. Analogically to the aforesaid the amplitude of the majority of the determined by the sensor signals depends essentially from the place of the placement of the sensor against the place of the ballistic impact to the body, that complicates the use of the amplitude as the feature of the limit of the signal, which testifies to the presence of the signal. The use in the device of the elements with technical parameters that provide the possibility of study of the vibration only in the limits from 286 Hz to 1074,2 Hz, and the limited quantity of the elements, particularly only for the analysis of two parameters, amplitude and frequency of vibrations, does not provide the enough reliability of determining of the ballistic impact, because the named signals can have place in other processes and attacks, for example collision of the body (trunk) with obstacles, or while bearing of the body up against the details which have the named oscillation frequencies, of while holding in the hands of the objects which have the named oscillation frequencies. The frequency of the constructive elements of the automate, of the gun, of the ammunition box, etc.
The use in the device of the constructive elements only for analysis of two parameters, the amplitude and the frequency of vibrations, does not provide the necessary reliability of determining the ballistic impact, because the similar impacts may have place with other processes and attacks.
It should be noticed that the vibrations related to the impact and the rupture of the surface in case of ballistic impact are not the only result of the movement of the bullet in the body. In addition to the rupture of the surface and oscillation vibrations on the surface, a group of technical oscillation processes, that have their sound results and have other frequencies, force and what is very important - duration, and that are not used in this method, is having place inside the body. In the limits of the possibilities of the used in the device piezo-polymerous sensor and intervals of measuring of vibrations (in the limits from 286 Hz to 1074,2 Hz) the named processes are reflected indirectly, that restricts the trustworthiness of conclusions based on them.
The aim of the invention is to create the method and the device for technical registration of critical state of persons under research where by using the empirically selected parameters and modes, which characterize technical effects of movement of the bullet in the body and thereafter the process of bullet attack and allow to differentiate it from the similar signals, provide the rise of trustworthiness of determination of presence of bullet attack with the help of technical devices. To solve the task, the device for technical registration of critical states of persons under research includes logically set sensor to determine oscillation and its transformation into electrical signals; set of electronic components to determine signal frequency and force; logic elements to determine the presence of signal frequency and power in accordance with the set conditions. The innovation of the device (Claim 1 formula, priority date 11.03.2008), is the use of the named below devices like an alarm device : sensor with parameters to determine oscillation of sound frequency and ultrasonic frequency from 3 to 50 kHz and its transformation into electrical signals, set of electronic components to determine duration, frequency and power of logically appearing acoustic signals set with parameters, which accompany the process of movement of the ballistic element inside the body, and logic elements to determine the presence of each of the parameters of acoustic signals and its correspondence to acoustic signals, which correspond to conditions of movement of the ballistic element inside the body, signal former according to presence of critical situation, alarm device, the mean for launching it into work, that includes a drive for throwing up of alarm device, signal receiver according to presence of critical situation.
The use of the named elements with the named parameters allows to create a device for critical situation detection, namely, for the detection of the presence of event of bullet impact, which is in contrast to well-known devices and that can be set only in one point on person's body and contains just one oscillation sensor and one channel of signal processing from this sensor. At the same time taking into research the signal duration provides an opportunity to distinguish signals, related to the process of event of bullet impact, from the similar signals with the close parameters from other sources, but with substantially bigger duration, than that of the signals, related to the event of the bullet injure, that provides the rise of probability of determination of presence of bullet injure event with the help of technical devices. The formed with the help of drive signal about presence of critical situation increases the possibility to get it, because the signal is sent from the defined height.
In certain variants of realization of the device for registration of critical states of persons under research (Claim 2 formula), the sensor measuring signals in one point of the body can be connected to the second set of electronic components determining duration, frequency and power of the set of logically appearing acoustic signals, with parameters, which accompany the process of movement of the ballistic element inside the body, which is connected with logic elements to determine the presence of parameters of each of acoustic signals and their correspondence to the acoustic signals that correspond to the conditions of movement of the ballistic element inside the body, which are related to signal former about critical situation.
The use of the named elements in the device with the named parameters and with the known elements allows to create a variety of devices for critical situation detecting, which will also be placed just in one point on the body (head).
At the same time, with the help of additional research of other signal, related to the process of bullet impact event, the possibility is provided to differentiate the signals, which are related to the process of bullet impact event, that provides an additional rise of trustworthiness of determination of presence of the bullet attack by technical means.
In certain variants of realization of the device for registration of critical states of persons under research (Claim 3 formula) the light marker can be used as an alarm device
The use of the named elements in one of the device's variants, and the use of a light marker as the alarm device, provides reliable operative signal receiving about presence of critical situation by a group of persons, that are situated on the distance of visible contact from the place of event, that for the known set of cases allow to simplify the process of taking a decision according to presence of a critical situation. Any well conspicuous object can be used as a light marker, it also can be any brightly colored or well known pyrotechnic mean.
In certain variants of realization of the device for registration of critical state of person under research (Claim 4 formula) a radio transmitter can be used as the alarm device.
The use of the named elements in one of the device's variants and the use of a radio transmitter as the alarm device provides receiving the reliable operative signal about the presence of critical situation on the distance from the place of event, that is for a set of well known in practice cases, allow to simplify the process of making a decision according to the presence of a critical situation.
In certain variants of realization of the device for registration of critical states of persons under research (Claim 5 formula) the throwing up device of the alarm device can be produced in a form of exploder with squib, or spring-assisted element, with fixing element in a spring- assisted state and the device for releasing this spring-assisted element.
The use of one of the named variants of drive of the device for throwing up of alarm device in the device provides the opportunity to make a specific device for a defined distance for receiving signal (which depends on the height of throwing up), and making the consequent managing decision about the necessary distance from the place of presence of critical situation.
To solve the named task, other variant of the device for technical registration of critical states of persons under research includes logically set sensor determinig oscillation and its transformation into electrical signals, set of electronic components determining signal frequency and force, logic elements determining the presence of signal frequency and force and their accordance to the set conditions.
The innovation of the device consists in the use of: sensor with parameters determining oscillation of sound frequency from 5 to 7 kHz and its transformation into electrical signals, set of electronic components determining duration, frequency and power of logically appearing acoustic signals set, with parameters, that accompany the process of movement of ballistic element inside the body, and logic elements determining the presence of each parameter of acoustic signals and its correspondence to acoustic signals, which correspond to conditions of movement of the ballistic element inside the body, signal former according to the presence of critical situation, connected to blocks of signal study, placed on person's body, which includes logically set sensor to determine oscillation of sound frequency and its transformation into electric signals, storage device, set of electronic components aimed to determine duration, frequency and power of the set of logically appearing acoustic signals, with frequency parameters from 3 to 5 kHz, which accompany the process of movement of ballistic element inside the body, and logic elements aimed to determine the presence of each parameter of acoustic signals and its correspondence to acoustic signals, which correspond to acoustic signals, that correspond to conditions of ballistic element movement inside the body, related to the critical situation signal former 1 , the second set of electronic components aimed to determine duration, frequency and amplitude of logically arising acoustic signal set, with frequency parameters from 7 to 9 kHz, which accompany the process of ballistic element interaction with the bone tissue inside the body, which are directly connected to the storage device of the oscillations of sound frequency, logic elements to determine the presence of parameters of each of acoustic signal and its correspondence to acoustic signals, that correspond to conditions of the process of interaction of ballistic element inside the body with the bone tissue , connected to the former of the outgoing signals of the block, signal receiver from the signal study blocks, placed on the person's body, signal force comparative scheme, critical situation signal former and the number of signal study blocks with the biggest power, critical situation signal receiver.
The use of the named complex of the elements with the named parameters in this variant of device permits to create the device for detecting critical situations of persons under research, particularly of the presence of bullet wounds, which by contrast to the known devices may thanks to the registration of the complex of parameters of three signals, that accompany the process of movement of the ballistic element inside the body, provide the possibility to detect the presence of the bullet wound, its approximate position, particularly the extremity, and the possible presence of the pain shock as the result of the injury of bone tissues. This permits to take a more well-founded managing decision about the possibilities of the injured person.
To solve the named task the method of critical state technical registration envisages the oscillation monitoring of the person under research, the study of the oscillations of the named frequency and its taking into account at the moment of making the conclusion about the presence of critical situation.
The innovation of the device is the realization of the pressure monitoring inside the body, and in case of presence of acoustic signal impulse in the body with power (-24)- (-38) and time duration 1- 10 ms the study of the presence of (package) acoustic signals in the head of the person under research with 5-7 kHz frequency band, with 1-10 ms time duration and with the presence of named factors the signal about critical situation is generated and transmitted. The use in the device of the named actions in the named time ranges with the named conditions in a form of parameters and limits of parameters allows to create a device detecting critical states, particularly the presence of event of bullet impact, which in contrast to the well known devices, can be set just in one point on the body (head) and contain just one oscillation sensor and one processing channel from the signal sensor. At the same time, the accounting of the signal duration provides the opportunity to distinguish the signals, which are connected with the process of event of bullet impact from the similar signals with close parameters from other sources, but with substantially longer duration, than this of the signals, which are related to the process of event of bullet impact, that provides the rise of trustworthiness of determination of the presence of event of bullet impact by technical means.
The new placement of the sensor, found empirically, securely provides the receiving of the signal of a new, found empirically, frequency in case of ballistic impact to any part of the body.
It allows to refuse a huge number of sensors, the necessity of its steady setting on the surface of the body and technical and logic processing of signals from this huge number of sensors determining the fact of the bullet impact.
In certain variants of realization of the device (Claim 8 formula) the additional study of presence of package of acoustic signals in a person's head with 10-50 kHz frequency band and its 20-500 μs time duration and the power in band (- 25dB)-(-16dB) is effectuated, and in case of presence of named parameters of two kinds of signals the signal about person's critical situation is generated and transmitted. The use of determining of the fact of the ballistic impact, of two named types of signals permits to form and transmit a more trustworthy signal about the presence of the critical situation according to the essential reduction of the possibility of occasional existence of the both similar signals from other objects.
In certain variants of realization of the device for registration of critical states of persons under research (Claim 9 formula), the signal about critical situation is transmitted with the help of a light marker, but the light marker is disconnected before the transmission of the critical situation signal, at the moment of begging of conditions of presence of critical situation from the monitoring system, initiating its launching into work, and thrown up.
The result of forming the critical situation transmitting from the defined height is the rise of the probability of its receipt. In certain variants of realization of the device for registration of critical states of persons under research (Claim 10 formula), the critical situation signal is directed with the help of radio-transmitter, but the radio transmitter is disconnected from the monitoring system before the transmission of the critical situation signal, at the moment of begging of conditions of presence of critical situation, and thrown up, but the critical situation signal passes from the transmitter, which is on flight.
The use of transmission of the formed critical situation alarm signal from the defined height above the body substantially increases the probability of the receipt of the named signal in connection that wounded person with a high ability can be situated in a limited radiowave coverage zone, for example, in trench, ravine, area, edged with hills.
The named actions, because of substantially increasing probability of the receipt of the named signal by the duty officer, allow to refuse the use of the system doubling, which is extensively used to provide the security of alarm system.
In certain variants of realization of the device for registration of critical states of persons under research (Claim 11 formula, priority date 26.03.2007), after the critical situation (event of bullet impact to the body of the person under research) is formed, the presence of acoustic signals in the body of person under research is studied, during previous 1-10 ms with the help of acoustic signal sensors, which are placed on different parts of person's body, the power of acoustic signals with 3-5 kHz frequency band, with 1-10 ms time duration, from different sensors is compared, and by the place of sensor location with maximum power of acoustic signals with 7-9 kHz frequency band with 1-10 ms time duration, the signal about presence of event of the bone tissue bullet impact to the person under research is formed and transmitted. The use of named actions allows to determine directionally the injured place - body, arm or leg, and the presence of pain shock when the bone tissue is injured, that provides the possibility of making a more substantiated decision about the order of accomplishment of the mission by the group of people, according to the possibility of accomplishment of the mission by the injured person, about the possibility of accomplishment of the pared-down mission by the injured person in the context of the task of the group after the pain shock passes.
It should be noticed that determined with the help of this method and this device data do not allow to set the specific diagnosis and to determine the individual treating influence on a concrete person, but generally, additionally to the named advantages, simplify the determining of wounded person's location and the organization of sanitization of the group of injured persons.
In certain variants of realization of the device for registration of critical states of persons under research (Claim 12 formula) the monitoring of acoustic signals inside the body of the person under research is effectuated by the set of acoustic sensors, which are placed on different parts of the person's body, the sensors are connected to signal proceeding device, which contents the devices for comparing the terms of signal receipt from different sensors, and by the location of the signal sensor with the shortest term, the location of bullet injure zone is defined.
The use of the named actions allows to set with the help of alternative method the place of the impact: body, leg or arm.
In certain variants of realization of the device for registration of critical states of persons under research (Claim 13 formula) the signal sensor determining the presence of event of bullet impact to the person under research is placed in the zone of carotid artery, fixed on the bandage, that covers the forehead part of the head with the possibility to be replaced, or (on constructive elements) on the general device, or on the similar object, or on the internal surface of the helmet, or directly to the cutaneous covering of the head with the help of adhesive plaster or glue material. The use of one of the named variants of the method of sensor setting provides the possibility of making a list of concrete devices for defined conditions of the use of the method.
In certain variants of realization of the device for registration of critical states of persons under research (Claim 14 formula) the radio waves are used to connect acoustic signal sensors to the signal processing device.
The use of the named actions in the composition of the method allows to simplify the establishing system's elements, which provide the monitoring of the person by the named method and thereafter its practical realization. In certain variants of realization of the device for registration of critical states of the persons under research (Claim 15 formula) additionally, after the determining of the presence of the event of bullet impact, with the help of accelerometer the presence of movement of the body in the zone of sensors location is studied, the average power of the signal from accelerometer is measured during 1 ,5 and 20 minutes, and in case of overcome of the set limits of average force of this signal at the moment of the end of each of period (1 ,5 and 20 minutes) the signal about critical situation is transmitted.
The use of the named additional actions in the composition of the method for technical registration of critical states of persons under research permits to determine the presence of the person in critical state, that provides the possibility of taking the next managing decision about the order of accomplishment of the mission, about the possibility of accomplishment of the mission by the injured person, about the possibility of accomplishment of the pared-down mission by the injured person. The variants of the method of technical registration of critical states of people under research, and the variants of realization of devices for technical registration of critical states of persons under research are illustrated by the examples of their realization.
On fig 1 the variant of the Device for technical registration of critical states of under research people is represented. It consists of the elements placed on the head, on fig 2 the variant of realization of the named device, which provides the analysis of two kinds of signals, that characterize the process of movement of the ballistic element inside the body, on fig 3 the variant of realization of the Device for technical registration of critical states of people, that provides the approximate determining of the injured place, on the fig 4 the variant of realization of the Device for technical registration of critical states of people, that provides the possibility to study the movement activity of the injured person, on fig 5, 6 and 7 the variants of the devices placed on the head, on fig 8 the variant of the device for realization of throwing up, that produced in a form of spring- assisted element, with the fixing element in the spring-assisted state, on fig 9 the variant of the device for realization of throwing up, that produced in a form of exploder with squib, on fig 10 the possible variant of realization of principle network scheme for signal processing, that can be used in devices (fig 1-4) to study the signal.
On fig 11 the example of signal in the head is presented, that analyzes in a basic variant of the method of technical registration of critical state of persons under research, on fig 12 - the example of short term signal, that additionally analyses in the variant of the method of technical registration of critical state of persons under research, based on the analysis of two signals, on fig 13 - example of the signal that additionally analyses in the variant of the method that provide approximate setting of the ballistic hit place, on fig 14 - the example of signal that additionally analyses in the variant of the method that provide fact setting of injured bone tissue, on fig 15 - example of the signal from accelerometer, that additionally analyses in the variant of the method that provide the determining of the motional activity.
The presented on the figures 1-4 devices for technical registration of critical states of persons under research include sensor 1 with the previewed by the method parameters for detecting the sound and ultrasound frequency oscillations, buffer amplifier 2, set of electronic components to determine duration, frequency and power of logically arising acoustic signal set, particularly pass band filter 3, rectifier 4, logarithmic amplifier 5, duration determining module 6, threshold device 7, logic elements determining the presence of parameters of acoustic signals and the correspondence to the acoustic signals, which correspond the conditions of the motion of the ballistic element inside of the body 8, critical situation signal former 9, the signalizing element 10, device for its launching into action, that includes the block for forming of the launching signal 11 , drive for throwing up of alarm device 12, critical situation signal receiver 13.
The presented on the figure 2 variant of the device for technical registration of critical states of persons under research contains also peak detector 14 and threshold device 15.
The presented on the figure 3 variant of the device for technical registration of critical states of persons under research contains block 16, which is placed on the head and contains the named electronic and logic elements 1-8 with the corresponding sets and is connected to blocks 17, 18, 19, 20 and 21 which have the same structure based on the named electronic and logic elements 1-8, which additionally contains storage device 22 and is connected to the ports of logic elements 8, alarm signal former 23 of block connected to the critical situation signal former 24 which contains block for comparing the powers of the signals 25, the named signalizing element 10, device for its launching which contains the block for forming the on signal 11 , drive for throwing up of alarm device 12 and critical situation signal receiver 13.
The presented on the figure 4 variant of the device for technical registration of critical states of persons under research contains block 16 which is placed on the head and contains the named electronic and logic elements 1-8 with the corresponding sets and is connected to blocks 17, 18. 19. 20, 21 which have the same structure based on the named electronic and logic elements 1-8. Storage device 22 is placed before the set of the electronic and logic elements.
Each of blocks 17, 18, 19, 20 and 21 also contains accelerometer 26, root- mean-square detector 27, comparator 28 and microcontroller 29. The ports of the three sets of the named electronic and logic elements 1-8 and 26-29 are connected to alarm signal former 30 of the block connected to critical situation signal former 31 that contains block comparing the powers of the signals 25, the named signalizing element 10, the device for its launching into action, that includes block forming the on signal 11 , drive for throwing up of alarm device 12, the second signalizing element 32, as a form of which radio receiver and critical situation signal receiver 13 are used. In case of using of the mechanic source of energy as the source of energy (figure 9) for throwing up of the signalizing element 33 in the device 34 for throwing up the signalizing element 33 the spring 35 may be used with the mechanism 36 of its launching into strained state with the application of the ratchet-gear mechanism for saving in the strained state and rod 37 for deblocking the ratchet-gear mechanism.
In case of using of pyrotechnic source of energy as the source of energy (figure 10) for throwing up of the signalizing element 33 in the device 34 for throwing up the signalizing element 33 the pyrotechnic charge 38 in the form of squib with electric fuse 39 and the placed between the pyrotechnic charge 38 and the signalizing element 33 wad 40 may be used.
Presented on the figure 1-4 blocks for processing the signals, particularly pass band frequency filter, rectifier, logarithmic amplifier, duration determining module, threshold device, and other elements may be performed on the generally known constructions of blocks of processing the information to provide the possibility of determining the duration, the frequency and the power of the signals and the logic elements for determining the correspondence of the signals to the established conditions. For being used in the method the blocks for processing the signals must be calculated only for the parameters of the signals which are examined by the method.
The placement of the elements of the device for technical registration of critical states on the body (figures 5, 6, 7 and 8) previews in all cases the placement of sensor 1 that consists in block 16 on the head with its fastening to the skin of the head by the court plaster or agglutinative composition (on the figure 6) or with the fastening on band 41 that embraces the frontal part of the head (on the figure 6) or on the inside surface of the helmet 42 (on the figure 7) on the external surface of which the corpus of drive 34 for throwing up of alarm device. The rest of the blocks of the variant of performing the device which has blocks 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 are placed on the parts of the body as it is shown on the figure 8.
The presented on the figure 1 variant of the device for the technical registration of critical states of persons under research works in the next way. Signal sensor 1 of the device for determining the presence of the bullet impact of a person under research is placed in the place of passing of the carotid artery, is fastened with one of the possible ways. The socket for launching into work of the device for monitoring the signals of the sound frequency and ultrasound frequency in the body of a person under research.
In case of presence of the bullet impact the acoustic signals reach the head and are captured by sensor 1 for detecting the oscillations, pass through buffer amplifier 2, group of electronic components for providing the possibility of determining duration, frequency and force of the group of consequently appearing acoustic signals, particularly pass band frequency filter 3, rectifier 4, logarithmic amplifier 5, module for determining the duration 6, threshold device 7, logic elements for determining the presence of the parameters of each of the acoustic signals and the correspondence to the acoustic signals, which correspond to the conditions of the motion of the ballistic element inside the body 8. In case of presence of the impulse of the acoustic signal in the body with the power in the limits of (-24)-(-38) dB and its duration in the limits of 1-10 milliseconds and in case of presence of acoustic signals in the head of the person under research with the frequency about 5-7 kHz with the duration about 1-10 milliseconds critical situation signal former 9 receives the signal from threshold devices 6, 7, 8, and transmits it to signalizing element 10 for example in the form of radio transmitter. At the same time the signal is obtained by block launching signal former which launches drive for throwing up of alarm device 12. Signalizing element 10 in the form of radio transmitter is thrown up and transmits the critical situation signal 13 which is placed for example at the chiefs of the action. The efficient obtaining of the information provides the possibility of taking the next managing decision about the order of accomplishment of the mission by the injured person or about the possibility of accomplishment of the pared-down mission by the injured person.
The presented on the figure 2 variant of device for the technical registration of critical states of persons under research works analogically but with the help of additional elements, particularly pass band frequency filter 3, rectifier 4, peak detector 14 and threshold devices 6, 7, 15, the presence of the acoustic signals in the head of the person under research with the frequency in the limits of 10-50 kHz and their duration in the limits of 20-500 microseconds and the amplitude in the limits of (-25)-(-16) dB is examined additionally and in case of presence of the corresponding parameters of the named types of signals critical situation signal former 9 forms and transmits to signalizing element 10, on signal forming block 11 and device for throwing up of signalizing element 12 the signal about the presence of the critical situation of the person under research.
The presented on the figure 3 device for technical registration of critical states of persons under research works in a more complicated way. In case of presence of the bullet bound the acoustic signals sound and ultrasound frequency reach the head and are captured by signal sensor 1 for detecting the oscillations, pass through buffer amplifier 2, group of electronic components for providing the possibility of determining the duration, the frequency and the power of the group of consequently appearing acoustic signals, particularly pass band frequency filter 3, rectifier 4, logarithmic amplifier 5, module for detecting the duration 6, threshold device 7, logic elements for determining the parameters of each of the acoustic signals and the correspondence to the acoustic signals that correspond to the conditions of the passing of the ballistic element inside the body 8. In case of presence of the impulse of the acoustic signal in the body with the power in the limits of (-24)-(-38) dB and their duration in the limits of 1-10 milliseconds blocks 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 , that work with the similar programs and examine with a certain delay guaranteed by storage device 22 the presence of the signal on the parts of the body on which they are placed are launched into work. The presented in blocks 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 two sets for examining of the obtained by sensor 1 signals are tailored for the different types of the signals, particularly for acoustic signals with the frequency in the limits of 3-5 kHz, with the duration in the limits of 1-10 milliseconds, and acoustic signals with the frequency in the limits of 7-9 kHz, with the duration in the limits of 1-10 milliseconds.
Both types of the detected by the blocks 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 signals are transmitted to comparator of the amplitudes of the signals 25, where the block with the biggest amplitude is determined and the presence of the signals with the frequency in the limits of 7-9 kHz is noted. The biggest amplitude of the signals with the frequency in the limits 3-5 kHz is the evidence of the approximate place of the ballistic bullet impact, and the presence of the signal with the frequency in the limits of 7-9 kHz - about the bullet impact to the osseous tissues and the probability of the pain shock. Critical situation signal former 24 forms the signal about the presence of the bullet impact and the probability of the pain shock of persons under research and in the way analogue to those of the previous devices launches into action radio transmitter 10 and the rest of the elements of the device.
The presented on the figure 4 variant of the device for technical registration of critical states of persons under research until the moment of detecting the fact of the ballistic attack on the beginning stadium works in the way presented on the figure 3. After the ballistic attack being detected the present in blocks 17, 18, 19, 20 and 21 of this variant of the device accelerometers 26 react to the presence of the motional activity of each part of the body on which blocks 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 are placed. With the help of the connected to accelerometers 26 elements, particularly root-mean-square detector 27, comparator 38 and microcontroller 29 the certain level of the signal that is the evidence to the certain level of the motional activity during the certain established period is determined.
In the case of overcome of this level of motional activity the signal from the microcontroller 29 is transmitted by alarm signal former 23 of the block to signal former 31 , the second signalizing element 32, as the form of which a radio transmitter is used. The signal about the presence of the motional activity is received by signal receiver 13, which is placed for example at the chiefs of the mission. The detected by the device for technical registration of critical states of persons under research fact of presence of the motional activity. The efficient obtainment of this information provides the possibility of taking the next managing decision about the possibility of accomplishment of the mission. The determining of the fact of the overcome of the level of motional activity of the person in the named barrier during three periods of time of 1 min, 5 min, 20 min form the start of the determined ballistic attack is conductive to the accomplishment of tactic missions concerning the planning of the efficient actions and the salvation of the injured person.
The acoustic signal (figure 11) that is fixed by the sensor placed on the head reflects the process of passing of the tension wave from the ballistic impact that begins in different points of the body and comes to the named sensor. The typical period of time of the process is 1-10 milliseconds. The typical frequency of the acoustic signals is 5-7 kHz, their power (-24)-(-38) dB.
The movement of the ballistic element inside the body that is accompanied by two different physical processes: the stroke hydra-dynamic wave that is accompanied bye the short-termed acoustic signal with the force in the limits of (- 25)-(16) dB, the duration in the limits of 20-500 microseconds, the frequency in the limits of 10-50 kHz (see figure 12, peak A). The second process - the hydra- dynamic tension wave is accompanied by the acoustic signal of the much lower force with the duration in the limits of 1-10 milliseconds. The acoustic signal that accompanies the hydra-dynamic tension wave is captured directly in the body and has several typical frequency maximums in the range from 3 to 5 kHz (see figure 13) and from 7 to 9 kHz (see figure 14, peak B). The presence of the acoustic signal in the range from 7 to 9 kHz is caused by the contact of the ballistic element with the bone tissue. On the figure 15 the electric signal at the exit of accelerometer reflects the intensity of the motional activity of the person under research. The change of the signal at the exit of the accelerometer Line C shows the example of the absence of the essential motional activity during 20 minutes and its level, which is less than the threshold level (horizontal line f). The change of the electric signal at the exit of the accelerometer Line D shows the other example of the absence of the motional activity (horizontal position of the body) on the first step (during 1 minute) and the level of the signal which is less than the threshold level (horizontal line f), essential motional activity (from the 1st to 5th minutes) and the overcome of the threshold level, that corresponds to the efforts to stand up, and the vertical position of the body (from the 5th to the 20th minutes) - also the overcome of the threshold level, that indirectly shows to the chief of the mission the possibility of giving the task to this person.

Claims

1. A device for technical registration of critical states of persons under research, which includes logically set: sensor to determine oscillation and its transformation into electrical impulses, set of electronic components to determine signal frequency and amplitude, logic elements to determine the presence of signal frequency and amplitude n accordance with the set conditions, wherein sensor is used with parameters to determine oscillation of acoustic frequency and ultrasonic frequency in spectral band from 3 to 50 kHz and its transformation into electrical impulses, set of electronic components to determine time duration, frequency and power of logically arising acoustic signals set, with parameters which accompany the process of ballistic element's movement inside the body, logic elements to determine the presence of parameters of acoustic signals and its correspondence to acoustic signals, which correspond to conditions of ballistic element's movement inside the body, critical situation signal former, alarm device and the scheme of consummation which includes the drive for throwing up of alarm device and critical situation signal receiver.
2. The device for technical registration of critical states of persons under research, according to the Claim 1 , wherein acoustic signals measuring in one determined part of the body is connected with the second duration, frequency and amplitude of logically arising acoustic signal determining set of electronic components, with parameters which accompany the process of ballistic element's movement inside the body. This second set of electronic components is connected with critical situation signal former.
3. The device for technical registration of critical states of persons under research, according to the Claim 1 , wherein light marker is used as an alarm device.
4. The device for technical registration of critical states of persons under research, according to the Claim 1 , wherein radio transmitter is used as an alarm device.
5. The device for technical registration of critical states of persons under research, according to the Claims 1 , 3, or 4, wherein drive for throwing up of alarm device is produced in a form of exploder with squib, or spring-assisted element, with fixing element in a spring-assisted statement and a device for whole spring-assisted element releasing.
6. The device for technical registration of critical states of persons under research, which includes logically set: sensor to determine oscillation and its transformation into electrical impulses, signal frequency determining set of electronic components, signal frequency determining logic elements in accordance with set conditions, wherein as a form of the sensor the sensor with parameters to determine fluctuation of acoustic frequency and supersonic frequency band from 5 to 7 kHz and its transformation into electrical impulses is used, set of electronic components to determine duration, frequency and power of logically arising acoustic signal set, with parameters from 5 to 7 kHz which accompany the process of movement of the ballistic element inside the body, logic elements to determine the presence of parameters of acoustic signals and its correspondence to acoustic signals, which correspond to the conditions of ballistic element's movement inside the body, critical situation signal former attached to the blocks of signals study placed on the person's body, which include: logically set sensor to determine the acoustic oscillation and its transformation into electrical impulses, storage device, set of electronic components to determine duration, frequency and power of logically arising acoustic signal set, with parameters from 3 to 5 kHz which accompany the process of movement of the ballistic element inside the body, logic elements to determine the presence of parameters of acoustic signals and its correspondence to acoustic signals, which correspond to the conditions of movement of the ballistic element inside the body and its interaction with bone tissue, connected to critical situation signal former, the second set of electronic components aimed to determine duration, frequency and amplitude of logically arising acoustic signal set, with frequency parameters from 7 to 9 kHz, which accompany the process of ballistic element interaction with the bone tissue inside the body, which are directly connected to the storage device of the oscillations of sound frequency, logic elements to determine the presence of parameters of each of acoustic signal and its correspondence to acoustic signals, that correspond to conditions of the process of interaction of ballistic element inside the body with the bone tissue, connected to the former of the outgoing signals of the block, signal receiver from the signal study blocks, placed on the person's body, signal force comparative scheme, critical situation signal former and the number of signal study blocks with the biggest power, critical situation signal receiver.
7. The method for technical registration of critical states of persons under research according to the Claim 7, wherein in case of presence of acoustic signal impulse with power in the band (-24)-(-38) db and its 1-10 ms time duration and the presence of acoustic signals (package) in a person's head with 5-7 kHz frequency band, with 1-10 ms time duration, and in case of presence of noticed factors (generate) (and input) the signal about person's critical situation is generated.
8. The method for technical registration of critical states of persons under research according to the Claim 7, wherein additional study of presence of package of acoustic signals in a person's head with 10-50 kHz frequency band and its 20-500 μs time duration and the power in band (-25dB)-(-16dB) is effectuated, and in case of presence of noticed parameters of two kinds of signals the signal about person's critical situation is generated and transmitted.
9. The method for technical registration of critical states of persons under research, according to the Claim 7, wherein the signal about person's critical situation is directed by the light marker, and before the signal about person's critical situation is directed, the light marker disconnects from the monitoring system, its switching off is initiated and it is thrown up.
10. The method for technical registration of critical states of persons under research, according to the Claim 7, wherein the signal about person's critical situation is directed by the radio transmitter, and before signal about person's critical situation is generated, the radio transmitter disconnects and throws up, and the signal about person's critical situation passes from the transmitter which is in flight.
11. The method for technical registration of critical states of persons under research, according to the Claim 7, wherein after presence of the critical statement of person is established, the presence of acoustic signals in person's body is studied during previous 1-10 ms with the help of set of acoustic signal sensors, which are placed on different parts of person's body, the power of acoustic signals with 3-5 kHz frequency band is compared, with time duration in ms, from different sensors, the location is defined, and at the presence of acoustic signals with 7-9 kHz frequency band with the 1-10 ms time duration a conclusion is made about bullet injure of a bone tissue.
12. The method for technical registration of critical states of persons under research, according to the Claim 7, wherein the monitoring of acoustic signals in person's body is realized by the set of acoustic signal sensors, which are placed on different parts of person's body. Sensors are connected with process signals' device, which includes signals' term entry from different sensors, they compare the term of signals from different sensors, and by the determination of the location of the sensor with shortest term entry, the bullet injured place is determined.
13. The method for technical registration of critical states of persons under research, according to the Claim 7, wherein signal of the sensor to determine the event of bullet injure of under research person, is placed in a zone of carotid artery, fixed on the bandage, which cover forehead part of head with opportunity to replace, or on a similar object, or in internal surface of helmet, or fixed to head cutaneous covering with the help of adhesive plaster or glue material.
14. The method for technical registration of critical states of persons under research, according to the Claims 7 and 9, wherein radiowaves are used to connect sensors of acoustic signals with the process signals device.
15. The method for technical registration of critical states of persons under research, according to the Claim 7, wherein additionally after bullet injure events determination, with the help of accelerometers presence of movement of body parts in zones of accelerometers location is studied, the average signal power from accelerometers during 1 ,5 and 20 minutes is measured, and in a case of excess of fixed threshold of middle power of the signal at the moment of ending each of term (1 ,5 and 20 minutes) the signal about the presence of body's movement is generated.
PCT/UA2008/000013 2007-03-26 2008-03-19 Device for technical registration of critical states of persons under research, its variants and method for technical registration of critical states of persons under research WO2008118109A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
UAU200703135 2007-03-26
UAU200703135U UA22982U (en) 2007-03-26 2007-03-26 Method for detecting bullet wound
UAA200803006 2008-03-11
UA200803006 2008-03-11

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Citations (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997024575A1 (en) * 1995-12-28 1997-07-10 Unisearch Ltd. Projectile location system
US6364849B1 (en) * 1999-05-03 2002-04-02 Access Wellness And Physical Therapy Soft tissue diagnostic apparatus and method
US20060053534A1 (en) * 2004-04-07 2006-03-16 Mullen Jeffrey D Advanced cooperative defensive military tactics, armor, and systems
RU2004132945A (en) * 2004-11-12 2006-04-20 Главное военно-медицинское управление Министерства обороны Российской Федерации (RU) METHOD FOR ASSESSING THE SEVERITY OF MECHANICAL DAMAGE TO A BIOLOGICAL OBJECT AND DEVICE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION
WO2006085935A2 (en) * 2004-06-16 2006-08-17 Quantum Applied Science & Research, Inc. Ballistic impact detection system
US7107839B1 (en) * 2004-09-30 2006-09-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army System and method for the detection of ballistic impacts and/or penetration of a pressure vessel

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997024575A1 (en) * 1995-12-28 1997-07-10 Unisearch Ltd. Projectile location system
US6364849B1 (en) * 1999-05-03 2002-04-02 Access Wellness And Physical Therapy Soft tissue diagnostic apparatus and method
US20060053534A1 (en) * 2004-04-07 2006-03-16 Mullen Jeffrey D Advanced cooperative defensive military tactics, armor, and systems
WO2006085935A2 (en) * 2004-06-16 2006-08-17 Quantum Applied Science & Research, Inc. Ballistic impact detection system
US7107839B1 (en) * 2004-09-30 2006-09-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army System and method for the detection of ballistic impacts and/or penetration of a pressure vessel
RU2004132945A (en) * 2004-11-12 2006-04-20 Главное военно-медицинское управление Министерства обороны Российской Федерации (RU) METHOD FOR ASSESSING THE SEVERITY OF MECHANICAL DAMAGE TO A BIOLOGICAL OBJECT AND DEVICE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION

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