WO2008114247A1 - Panneau solaire - Google Patents

Panneau solaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008114247A1
WO2008114247A1 PCT/IL2008/000367 IL2008000367W WO2008114247A1 WO 2008114247 A1 WO2008114247 A1 WO 2008114247A1 IL 2008000367 W IL2008000367 W IL 2008000367W WO 2008114247 A1 WO2008114247 A1 WO 2008114247A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
panel
building
arrangement
panels
glazing layer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IL2008/000367
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ami Elazari
Original Assignee
T.O.U Millennium Electric Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by T.O.U Millennium Electric Ltd. filed Critical T.O.U Millennium Electric Ltd.
Publication of WO2008114247A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008114247A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/20—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object
    • H02S20/22—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings
    • H02S20/26—Building materials integrated with PV modules, e.g. façade elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/60—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings
    • F24S20/66—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings in the form of facade constructions, e.g. wall constructions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H01L31/0488—Double glass encapsulation, e.g. photovoltaic cells arranged between front and rear glass sheets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/40—Thermal components
    • H02S40/44—Means to utilise heat energy, e.g. hybrid systems producing warm water and electricity at the same time
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/60—Thermal-PV hybrids

Definitions

  • the present invention in some embodiments thereof, relates to a solar panel and, more particularly, but not exclusively, to a construction thereof and method of use to increase the efficiency of such a solar panel.
  • PV Photovoltaic
  • a facing panel for a building comprising: a first glazing layer, a second glazing layer, an interior defined between said first glazing layer and said second glazing layer, and solar electricity generating cells located within said panel.
  • said cells are movably mounted.
  • shading elements are movably mounted within said panels.
  • both the cells and shading elements are movably mounted together on a curtain located within said panel.
  • said solar electricity generating cells have an optimal operating temperature; and the panel further comprises a circulation mechanism for circulating coolant around said electricity generating cells, thereby to retain said cells substantially at said optimal operating temperature.
  • said circulation mechanism is externally connectable to neighboring panels for circulating coolant between said panels.
  • said coolant comprises air.
  • said coolant comprises water.
  • An embodiment may be connectable to other panels to provide a closed circuit for said water, said closed circuit comprising a heat exchanger for cooling said coolant and supplying heat to said building.
  • An embodiment may be connectable to other panels to provide an open circuit for said water, thereby to supply warmed water to said building.
  • a facing arrangement for a building comprising a plurality of panels, respective panels thereof comprising: a first glazing layer, a second glazing layer, an interior defined between said first glazing layer and said second glazing layer, and solar electricity generating cells located within respective panels.
  • said solar cells are movably mounted within said panels.
  • shading elements are movably mounted within said panels.
  • said solar cells are mounted with shading elements in a sliding unit located within said facing arrangement.
  • said solar electricity generating cells have an optimal operating temperature; and the arrangement further comprises a circulation mechanism for circulating coolant around said electricity generating cells, thereby to retain said cells substantially at said optimal operating temperature.
  • said circulation mechanism is externally connectable for supplying said coolant to said building.
  • said circulation mechanism is integrated with at least one of building heating services and building air conditioning services. The invention extends in various embodiments to a building faced using the panels or arrangements described herein.
  • a facing panel for a building comprising: a first glazing layer, an interior defined between said first glazing layer and said second glazing layer, solar electricity generating cells located within said panel, and a cooling arrangement for cooling said solar electricity generating cells.
  • a facing panel for a building comprising: a first glazing layer, an interior defined between said first glazing layer and said second glazing layer, solar electricity generating cells movably located within said panel.
  • FIG. 1 is a simplified schematic diagram showing a building panel according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a simplified diagram illustrating a detail of the building panel of Fig. 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 is a simplified diagram showing a further detail of the building panel of
  • FIG. 4 is a view of a prototype panel according to the present embodiments.
  • FIG. 5 is a simplified schematic diagram showing system output flows.
  • the present invention in some embodiments thereof, relates to a solar panel and, more particularly, but not exclusively, to a construction thereof and method of use to increase the efficiency of such a solar panel.
  • the present embodiments relate to external panels for buildings which contain solar power generation units to provide power for use by the building and which further include features for increasing efficiency thereof or maintaining efficiency thereof in changing circumstances.
  • the embodiments may include features that maintain the solar generation plant at substantially optimal temperature by cooling. Fluid used for cooling can then be reused in the building.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a four part facing panel 10 for use in facing or external cladding for a building.
  • the four part panel comprises transparent parts 12 and opaque parts 14.
  • the transparent parts 12 include inner 16 and outer 18 glazing layers which define an interior space between them. Photovoltaic cells are located within the panels.
  • the photovoltaic cells may be movable inside the panels, and shading elements may also be provided.
  • the shading elements may also be movable and in one embodiment the shading elements are integrated with the photovoltaic elements for a strong sunlight setting in which the building is shaded and solar power is generated.
  • a sliding arrangement 19 is provided for mounting the photovoltaic cells.
  • the cells can be moved in and out of position.
  • a sliding arrangement may be provided for shading elements.
  • shades can be moved in and out of position at will.
  • the shading elements and photovoltaic elements may be integrated so that in bright sunlight the interior can be shaded, with the photovoltaic cells positioned in front of the shades to trap sunlight for interior lighting.
  • the sliding element may be provided per panel so that individual windows of the building have curtains that can be raised and lowered.
  • Some of the panels may open as windows. Dotted lines 20 indicate such an open position. Support arms 22 provide mechanical support to the panel parts.
  • the solar electricity generating cells have an optimal operating temperature, typically 25 degrees centigrade, although they remain fairly close to optimal at up to temperatures in excess of 40 degrees, say 45 degrees centigrade.
  • Fig. 2 shows that the panel 10 thus includes a circulation mechanism for circulating coolant around the electricity generating cells to cool the cells in use and retain the cells substantially within the 25 to 40 degree operating range.
  • Reference numeral 30 indicates a fluid inlet/outlet and reference numeral 32 indicates cooling jackets in which cooling fluid flows around photovoltaic cells in order to cool them.
  • the circulation mechanism is externally connected to neighboring panels for circulating coolant between the panels.
  • the coolant may be any coolant fluid including air or water.
  • the coolant may be water treated with antifreeze.
  • a closed circuit is provided for the coolant to circulate through the panels.
  • the used coolant is supplied to a heat exchanger 6, where it gives up its heat so that it can be reused. Heat is recovered from the heat exchanger for use in the building services.
  • water may be heated for the building hot water services, or air may be heated for building heating services.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a detail of construction of a corner module linking two panels 10. Two panels 10 are linked by a corner unit 35, which is typically set at right angles but may be at any other angle that the building architecture requires.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates a four part panel in which one part is a double glazed window and the others are opaque.
  • the panels may be used to provide a facing for a building.
  • the coolant system of the panels is integrated into the building services so that warm air or water can be provided to the building services.
  • the panels 10 are based on combined cycle photovoltaic technology, meaning photovoltaic cells which are maintained in an optimal temperature range and from which additional energy is recovered from the coolant. Within these panels the photovoltaic cells are mounted on Hybrid Solar Curtain Walls, hereinafter referred to as HSCW.
  • the panels replace conventional facings of the building envelope, and provide an integral solution to energy generation and cooling.
  • the curtains may be transparent or opaque HSCW to provide either sunlight or shade as required. Electrical power is provided at optimal efficiency from the photovoltaic cells due to their temperature control.
  • preconditioned ventilation or heating air can be supplied to the building spaces, and alternatively or additionally hot water may be supplied. Additional savings to the building energy costs may be supplied by optimized delivery of day-lighting, and by summer shading.
  • the air and/or water circulated through the system removes the excessive heat produced by the CIS PV cells, keeping the PV panel at an optimal temperature for maximal efficiency, as explained, while utilizing the produced heat for simultaneous space climate control and indoor air quality maintenance.
  • the tiles themselves may include double glazing as explained. Opaque parts of the curtain, or opaque curtains, participate in the cooling effect.
  • the photovoltaic cells are provided in panels.
  • the photovoltaic panels are provided in the sliding curtain, a long horizontal curtain that closes to provide electricity and shade.
  • the curtain allows sunshine in. Ventilation currents may be set up by air columns in the curtain, in which cold air generated during the cooling tends to drift downwards and hot air generated by solar radiation tends to drift upwards. These air currents are then made available to the building.
  • Fig. 5 is a simplified diagram illustrating the various outputs of a hybrid solar wall according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Curtain 50 produces hot air at the top 52 and cold air at the bottom 54. Hot air may be used for heating and cold air may be supplied to air conditioning plant 56 for cooling. Hot water may be extracted from the coolant and electricity may be used directly or stored in electricity storage 58.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un panneau de façade pour un bâtiment, qui comprend : une première couche de vitrage, une deuxième couche de vitrage, un intérieur défini entre lesdites première et deuxième couches de vitrage, et des cellules générant de l'électricité disposées à l'intérieur dudit panneau.
PCT/IL2008/000367 2007-03-16 2008-03-16 Panneau solaire WO2008114247A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US90700607P 2007-03-16 2007-03-16
US60/907,006 2007-03-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008114247A1 true WO2008114247A1 (fr) 2008-09-25

Family

ID=39677391

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IL2008/000367 WO2008114247A1 (fr) 2007-03-16 2008-03-16 Panneau solaire

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2008114247A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130255753A1 (en) * 2012-03-30 2013-10-03 Egypt Nanotechnology Center Photovoltaic thermal hybrid systems and method of operation thereof
CN108691374A (zh) * 2018-06-28 2018-10-23 浙江解放装饰工程有限公司 一种可自动调温双层幕墙
US11791763B1 (en) * 2023-03-22 2023-10-17 Zev Laine Renewable energy generating cladding

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3991741A (en) * 1975-03-20 1976-11-16 Northrup Jr Leonard L Roof-lens solar collector
US4607132A (en) * 1985-08-13 1986-08-19 Jarnagin William S Integrated PV-thermal panel and process for production
WO1999010934A1 (fr) * 1997-08-25 1999-03-04 Technische Universiteit Eindhoven Dispositif photovoltaique/thermique hybride en forme de panneau
US20020121298A1 (en) * 2001-01-15 2002-09-05 Konold Annemarie Hvistendahl Combined solar electric power and liquid heat transfer collector panel
US20040246596A1 (en) * 2003-06-03 2004-12-09 Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Concentrating type solar collection and daylighting system within glazed building envelopes

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3991741A (en) * 1975-03-20 1976-11-16 Northrup Jr Leonard L Roof-lens solar collector
US4607132A (en) * 1985-08-13 1986-08-19 Jarnagin William S Integrated PV-thermal panel and process for production
WO1999010934A1 (fr) * 1997-08-25 1999-03-04 Technische Universiteit Eindhoven Dispositif photovoltaique/thermique hybride en forme de panneau
US20020121298A1 (en) * 2001-01-15 2002-09-05 Konold Annemarie Hvistendahl Combined solar electric power and liquid heat transfer collector panel
US20040246596A1 (en) * 2003-06-03 2004-12-09 Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Concentrating type solar collection and daylighting system within glazed building envelopes

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130255753A1 (en) * 2012-03-30 2013-10-03 Egypt Nanotechnology Center Photovoltaic thermal hybrid systems and method of operation thereof
US9437766B2 (en) * 2012-03-30 2016-09-06 International Business Machines Corporation Photovoltaic thermal hybrid systems and method of operation thereof
US10320328B2 (en) 2012-03-30 2019-06-11 International Business Machines Coporation Photovoltaic thermal hybrid systems and method of operation thereof
CN108691374A (zh) * 2018-06-28 2018-10-23 浙江解放装饰工程有限公司 一种可自动调温双层幕墙
CN108691374B (zh) * 2018-06-28 2023-12-26 浙江解放装饰工程有限公司 一种可自动调温双层幕墙
US11791763B1 (en) * 2023-03-22 2023-10-17 Zev Laine Renewable energy generating cladding

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