WO2008113087A1

WO2008113087A1 - Coil with a mechanical layer winding

Info

Publication number: WO2008113087A1
Application number: PCT/AT2008/000086
Authority: WO
Inventors: Ernst Prand-Stritzko
Original assignee: Egston System Electronics Eggenburg Gmbh
Priority date: 2007-03-16
Filing date: 2008-03-11
Publication date: 2008-09-25
Also published as: AT505140A1; DE202007007579U1

Abstract

The invention relates to a coil (1) with a mechanical layer winding made of least one wire (4), wherein the coil (1) comprises a coil axis (11) aligned parallel to the main magnetic field direction of the current carrying coil (1), wherein the at least one wire (4) is guided along the coil circumference with a winding (3) in first regions (12) substantially normal to the coil axis (11). In order to increase the precision and to decrease the manufacturing tolerances, the invention proposes that at least two second regions (13) be designed along the coil circumference. In the second regions (13) the at least one wire (4) comprises in at least one of the windings (3), between one end of one of the second regions (13) and the opposite end of the same second region (13), an offset (41) parallel to the coil axis. Between each of the two of the second regions (13), at least one of the first regions (12) is provided.

Description

Coil with a machine layer winding

The invention relates to an electrical component, in particular an electric motor, with a coil arrangement, in particular an annular coil arrangement.

Coil arrangements, that is predeterminable arrangements of several coils, find numerous applications in electrical components, for example in transformers, actuators, as well as actuators and electric motors. In particular, the recent development in the transport sector, especially in the automotive sector, demands ever more powerful electric motors with simultaneously limited or ever smaller dimensions of the electric motors. The object of the invention is the electrical component of the type mentioned in such a way that the degree of filling of a coil arrangement of a plurality of coils, in particular the degree of filling of wire, can be increased in the electrical component.

This object is achieved by arranging a plurality of the coil described below in the coil assembly of the electrical component.

As a result, the coils in the electrical component can be positioned closer to each other, thus saving valuable space, the electrical component made smaller and / or the performance of the electrical component can be further increased, the degree of filling with coils, in particular the degree of filling of wire in the electrical Component can be increased.

In this connection it can be provided that at least two of the windings of at least one of the coils according to one of the claims intervene as far as the winding interspaces formed by the turns of a further coil. As a result, in particular in the case of annular coils, the free volume between the coil outer sides of adjacent coils can be further reduced and the degree of filling of the coil arrangement can be further increased. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention can be provided that the coil outer side of at least one of the coils has at least one stage, wherein the at least one stage of external turns of a lower winding layer and an outer turn of an upper winding layer is formed, that - in a coil axis containing the cutting plane seen - a stepped surface is formed by the turns of the step and the outer tangent to the turns of the step, and in that engages in one of the at least one step free surface, another of the coils. In this way, even complex geometries of the electrical component can be formed by the individual coil arrangements. In particular, a particularly small diameter of the annular Can be realized coil arrangement, wherein the spaces between the adjacent coils and the degree of filling of the coil assembly can be further increased. In this context it can be provided that at least two adjacent of the coils each have a stepped coil outer side, wherein the stages of the facing coil outer sides of these coils are arranged so that the distance of the coil outer sides substantially smaller than or equal to 1.3 times, preferably the l, 2 times, in particular 1.1 times, the wire diameter is. In this way, particularly low empty volumes can also be realized between the adjacent coils, so that the degree of filling of the coil arrangement is further increased and the power density of the coil arrangement can be further increased.

The invention also relates to a coil with a machine layer winding of at least one wire, wherein the coil has a coil axis, which is arranged parallel to the main magnetic field direction of the current-carrying coil, wherein the at least one wire along the coil circumference in a turn in first regions substantially normal is guided to the coil axis.

The winding, so the entirety of the turns of coils can be wound in different ways. Known is the irregular winding, which is also called wild winding, in which only little attention is paid to the position positioning of the individual turns and the turns - especially in higher winding layers - are disordered. Another possible winding is the so-called helical winding. In this, the wire is wound under constant feed of the winding arm and constant displacement of the wire, from the second winding layer it comes to irregularities due to intersecting turns of the currently wound winding layer to the underlying winding layer, mainly due to the different inclination of the wire of the different adjacent Winding layers is due. Likewise, the orthocyclic winding is known. In this winding method is wound along a major part of the circumference without wire offset and concentrated the entire offset of the wire of a turn on a portion of the circumference. This method places the highest demands on the winder, the precision of the winder and also represents the slowest of the three winding methods listed.

The object of the invention is to develop a coil such that the manufacturing process can be accelerated and the load of the winding machine can be lowered, with high Precision and consistently reproducible low manufacturing tolerances manufactured and the degree of filling of a coil assembly of multiple coils in the electrical component can be increased.

According to the invention this is achieved in that at least two second regions are formed along the coil circumference that in the second regions the at least one wire at least in one of the turns between each end of one of the second regions and the opposite end of the same second region an offset parallel to Has coil axis, and that is formed between each two of the second regions of at least one of the first regions.

Thereby, the offset of the wire parallel to the coil axis along a turn is divided into at least two second areas, which reduces the offset of the wire and thus the width of the offset in each of the second areas. Thus, the lateral acceleration of the wire leading to the winding arm is reduced and at a constant speed of the bobbin load of the winding machine is reduced. By reducing the loading of the winding machine, in turn, the number of revolutions increased during the winding process, more turns per unit time can be wound and the manufacturing process of the coil can be further accelerated in this way. Through a combination of the two effects, accelerated production and reduced loading of the winding machine, the coil is still manufactured with high precision and consistently reproducible low tolerances. The high acceleration forces of the winding arm in the winding machine occurring during the winding process are reduced, whereby the number of revolutions during winding is increased and the manufacturing process of the coils is accelerated. Thereby, the production of a large number of coils can be accelerated and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. In this case, since the displacement of the wire along the circumference of the coil is divided into several areas, it is also possible to speak of divided orthocyclic winding of coils comprising one or more wires.

In this context, it may be provided that the at least one wire has this offset in at least a majority of the turns. As a result, even with a large number of turns, a coil with ordered turns can be formed, and a wild winding can also be avoided in higher winding layers, for example in winding layers starting from the sixth winding layer. In this way, voids can be avoided on the coil and the degree of filling can be further increased. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention can be provided that two of the first regions are arranged diametrically opposite one another. In this case, the turns of the two diametrically opposite first regions in the direction of the coil axis offset, in particular offset by the amount of half a diameter, be arranged. This makes it possible, with adjacent arrangement of a plurality of coils, to arrange elevations of the turns of one coil outside of one coil in winding gaps between turns of the coil outside of the coil adjacent to one coil, so that the spacing between the adjacent coils can be reduced and thus the degree of filling of one coil arrangement increases Coils can be further increased. In a further development of the invention it can be provided that the sum of the offset of a turn along the circumference of the coil corresponds substantially to the width of a wire or the width of the number of parallel and simultaneously wound wires. Thereby, the offset of one turn in each of the at least two second regions along the circumference of the coil can be reduced substantially to the size of the wire diameter divided by the number of the second regions, the lateral acceleration of the wrapping arm can be reduced, and the manufacturing process can be accelerated. In particular, the volume available for the coil in the electrical component can be dealt with in a special way in that the second regions can be adapted to the individual geometric conditions of the electrical component. The offset of one turn can also be of different size in the different second regions, so that, for example, in a second region a larger part of the wire offset, ie the offset of the turn, and in other second regions smaller parts of the wire offset are formed. The combination options of number, size and direction of the wire offset in the individual second areas make it possible to adapt the coil and the coil outside a variety of geometric conditions.

Advantageously, it can be provided that the windings are wound on at least one carrier, wherein the carrier has guides for an innermost winding layer. The carrier may remain in the coil after winding and may further be used for mounting and positioning the coil in the electrical component. Thus, by means of the guides, which are designed in particular as grooves with a predetermined depth of the grooves, a predetermined inner radius of the grooves and a predetermined spacing between the grooves, the turns of the first winding layer with predetermined Precision and predetermined tolerance are wound. Errors and inaccuracies in the innermost winding layer, which would also affect the precision in subsequently wound winding layers, can be avoided in this way. Since the wire lays as far as possible in the positions of the guides closest to the coil axis due to the forces during winding, inaccuracies of the winding arm can be compensated by means of these guides, whereby the precision and reproducibility of the coil geometry can be further increased.

In this context, it can be provided that the carrier is formed at least in the second regions. As a result, the carrier can be designed to be particularly volume and weight-saving. In the electrical component, in particular in the electric motor, the weight of the moving parts can be reduced, which can set better acceleration behavior of the moving parts. Due to the particularly volume-saving design of the carrier, or the plurality of carriers, if they are not related, the available for each coil in the electrical component volume can be used even better and the degree of filling, defined as used by the wire of the coil volume divided by the for the coils available volume, can be further increased. Due to the guides in the second areas, the feed of the wrapping arm may deviate from the wire offset to be wound in these second areas, and yet the wire will lay down in the guides, the precision and reproducibility of the carrier through the guides in the carrier Geometry of the innermost winding layer and the coil geometry is guaranteed. Furthermore, it can be provided that the carrier is formed in several pieces from a plurality of spaced-apart individual carriers. It can save weight, material and valuable space in the electrical component. Due to the lower weight, the reaction rate of the coil arrangement can be increased further from current changes, which can also result in improvements in the reaction time of the entire electrical component. In particular, weight and volume can be saved if the individual carriers are formed substantially only in the plurality of spaced-apart second regions.

The invention also relates to a method for producing a coil with a machine layer winding of at least one wire, wherein the coil has a coil axis, which is arranged parallel to the main magnetic field direction of the current-carrying coil, wherein the at least one wire along the coil circumference at a Winding in first regions is guided substantially normal to the coil axis, wherein at least two second regions are formed along the coil circumference in at least one turn that in the second regions of the at least one wire at least one of the turns between an end of the second region and the opposite end the same second region is offset parallel to the coil axis, and that between each two of the second regions of at least one of the first regions is formed. This splits the offset of the wire along one turn to at least two second areas, thereby reducing the wire offset, and hence the width of the offset, in each of the second areas. Thus, the lateral acceleration of the wire leading to the winding arm is reduced and at a constant speed of the bobbin load of the winding machine is reduced. This allows an accelerated production and reduced loading of the winding machine, wherein the coil can continue to be manufactured with high precision and consistently reproducible low tolerances.

In this context, it can be provided in an advantageous development of the invention that the wire is guided in the winding of at least a plurality of turns of at least one of the winding layers with a constant feed speed parallel to the coil axis. In this way, the winding speed, that is to say the wound windings per unit of time, can be further increased, wherein the coils have a high precision and small tolerances. The feed rate of the wrapping arm can be substantially constant in the first areas and in the second areas, whereby the loads of the winding machine can be further reduced and in particular the winding process can be further accelerated. In this case, the wire can be wound during winding by a guide in a carrier or by the leading action of a directly underlying winding layer in the first areas without offset and are wound in the second areas with offset. In this way, the offset of the wire and the feed rate of the wire guide, in particular of the winding arm, differ from each other, wherein furthermore a machine layer winding can be manufactured with high precision and small dimensional tolerances.

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which embodiments are shown by way of example. 1 shows a part of a coil of a first embodiment; Fig. 2 shows two adjacent coils of a second embodiment as a part of an annular coil arrangement about a central axis in section;

Fig. 3 shows two adjacent different coils of a third and fourth embodiment as a part of an annular coil arrangement about a central axis in section;

Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of a round bobbin of a fifth embodiment;

Fig. 5 is a schematic plan view of a quadrangular coil of a sixth

embodiment;

Fig. 6 is a schematic plan view of a hexagonal coil of a seventh

Embodiment and

Fig. 7 is a schematic representation of two successive turns of a coil of an eighth embodiment.

Fig. 8 shows a coil according to the second embodiment comprising a wire and two

Steps along the coil height in section.

1 to 8 own preferred embodiments of a coil 1 according to the invention with a machine layer winding, in particular a machine precision winding of at least one wire 4, wherein the coil 1 has a coil axis 11, which is arranged parallel to the main magnetic field direction of the current-carrying coil 1, wherein the wire 4 is guided along the coil circumference in a turn 3 in first regions 12 substantially normal to the coil axis 11, wherein along the coil circumference at least two second regions 13 are formed, that in the second regions 13 of the at least one wire 4 at least in one of Windings 3 each between an end of one of the second regions 13 and the opposite end of the same second region 13 has an offset 41 parallel to the coil axis, and that between each two of the second regions 13 at least one of the first regions 12 is formed. In this case, since the offset 41 of the wire 4 along the circumference of the coil 1 on a plurality of areas, ie a plurality of second areas 13, can be divided, can also be spoken of shared orthocyclic winding coils 1 comprising one or more wires 4.

It tries to fill the predetermined volume in the actuator or electric motor as completely as possible with the wire forming the coil in order to increase the power density and form ever more powerful engines with constant dimensions or smaller and lighter engines with consistent performance and therefore the degree of filling of the coil, so the ratio of filled with coil wire coil volume to the total coil volume, if possible to be further increased. The - known per se - orthocyclic winding, so winding a winding of the coil 1 with a limited to a portion of the coil circumference region of the offset 41 of the wire 4 entland the coil circumference, ie a second region 13, in which the offset 41 of the wire formed allows high-order coils 1 of turns 3. When according to the invention along the circumference of the coil 1, a plurality of spaced apart second portions 13, and formed in each of these areas an offset 41 of the wire 4 of the winding 3, then this can be referred to as split orthocyclic winding.

In the winding machine, a carrier 2 may be provided such that the windings 3 are wound on at least one carrier 2, wherein the carrier 2 has guides for an innermost winding layer 31. It can be spoken of external winding, since the coil 1 is mounted only during assembly in the electrical component on the spool core. When external winding of the wire 4 may be wound on a bobbin, wherein the bobbin as carrier 2, which may remain after winding in the coil 1 may be formed. The bobbin can support the precise arrangement of the turns 3 of the innermost winding layer 31. For this purpose, the coil carrier can have a structured surface in the form of corrugation on the surface which is in direct contact with the coil inside. In the grooves of the corrugation, the individual turns 3 of the innermost winding layer 31 can be guided during winding, that is to say during the winding process. In this way, the turns 3 can be arranged to each other and to the coil carrier or the carrier 2 with pre-definable tolerance and a precise or high-precision machine layer winding can be made possible. In this case, the carrier 2 may advantageously be formed in several pieces from a plurality of spaced-apart individual carriers and / or at least in the second regions. The coil 1 comprises a wire 4 which has a conductor and an insulation layer, preferably a lacquer insulation. The conductor may comprise metals and, in particular, aluminum, copper, silver or an alloy of these metals, and may be drawn, cast or rolled. The cross section of the wire 4 may be round, elliptical, rectangular, square or polygonal. The wire 4 can be pulled, rolled or cast.

The carrier 2 may be formed of different materials, which have different surface hardness levels. Advantageously come to insulating materials, For example, plastics, in particular thermoplastics, or by means of an insulating layer coated metals used. The in the carrier, which may also be formed in several pieces and in particular a plurality of spaced individual carriers may be formed in the second regions of the coil 1, formed guides are formed such that each of the turns 3 of the innermost winding layer 31, which forms a coil inner side 14, be positioned exactly in position during winding, each turn 3 is wound in exactly one of the trained for the turns 3 guides. For this purpose, the guides are designed in particular as concave grooves, which essentially has the geometry of a negative contour of a part of the outer surface of the wire 4 and wherein the depth of the grooves can amount to approximately 10 to 30 percent of the diameter of the wire 4. Alternatively, the carrier 2, or the plurality of individual carriers, of the coil 1 could have a soft surface coating so that when wound in this soft surface layer, the wire 4 is pressed in at least about 10 to 30 percent of the diameter of the wire 4 and thus displacing each one sideways the turns 3 is prevented during subsequent winding. The exact and regular arrangement of each turn 3 of the innermost winding layer 31 in both the plurality of first regions 12 and in the plurality of second regions 13 is important because positioning errors of individual turns 3 on the regular applicability and the regular arrangement of the windings 3 in the following Overlying winding layers 31 effects. The latter effect often occurs when winding coils 1 with a plurality of winding layers 31, wherein the inner, for example four, winding layers 31 are wound in order and due to a propagating from the innermost winding layer 31 winding inaccuracy from the example fifth winding layer 31 a disorder and so that a wild winding occurs. With the methods described below, the occurrence of this wild winding can be avoided even with coils 1 with a larger number of winding layers 31, for example seven to ten winding layers 31, in particular over ten winding layers 31, with technically easy to implement means. The offset 41 of the wire 4 can be split along a turn 3 into a plurality of second regions 13, whereby each offset 41 of the wire 4 in each of the second regions 13 can be reduced. The offset 41 of the wire 4 is formed by the advance of the wrapping arm during the winding process. Thus, the pitch and the deviation of the orientation of the wire 4 in the second region 13 from the parallel orientation to the top surface 16 and / or the bottom surface 17 may be lower and the lateral acceleration of the the wire 4 leading wrapping arm can be reduced. At constant speed of the carrier 2, the load on the winding machine during winding is significantly reduced. By significantly reducing the load on the winding machine, in turn, during the winding process, the number of revolutions of the bobbin, in particular the carrier 2, be increased and thus more turns 3 per second wound and the manufacturing process of the coil 1 can be accelerated. Through a combination of the two effects, accelerated production and reduced loading of the winding machine, an optimized manufacturing process is achieved, wherein the coil 1 can continue to be manufactured with high precision and consistently reproducible low tolerances. The at least two second regions 13 may be formed in at least a majority of the turns 3 and / or via a multiplicity of coils 1. In this way, a plurality of identical coils can be arranged in the electrical component, in particular in the electric motor, and positioned adjacent to one another.

The wire 4 of a turn 3 can be offset in a first winding layer 31, in particular the innermost winding layer 31, in one of the second regions 13 by a half diameter of the wire 4. In the winding layer 31 following the first winding layer 31, that is to say the winding layer 31 wound on the first winding layer 31, the second winding layer 31, the wire 4 in the same second region 13 can also be offset by a half diameter, the direction of the offset 41 of the wire 4 may be formed in the second winding layer 31 substantially parallel and opposite to the direction of the offset 41 of the wire 4 in the first winding layer 31. In this way, in the second region 13, the wire 4 of a turn 3 of the second winding layer 31 precisely crosses a wire 4 of a turn 3 of the adjacent first and / or adjacent winding layer 31. The precision and reproducibility of the guidance of the wire 4 can thus be further increased , The safety in the guidance of the wire 4 can be increased, whereby defects - in the winding process, for example, caused by slipping a turn 3 to a wire diameter - in the coil 1 and the percentage of faulty coils 1 can be reduced. The wire 4 can be guided with a smaller lateral acceleration and guided so quiet. As a result, the insulation layer of the wire 4 during the winding process is also less stressed, whereby the number of defects in the insulation layer can be reduced and the percentage of faulty coils 1 and the rejection can be further reduced. Preferably, the size of the offset 41 in all of the overlying winding layers 31 in one of the second regions 13 may correspond substantially to half the wire diameter. Thus, at least some of the turns 3 of all the winding layers 31 at least in one of the second regions 13 each intersect at least one of the turns 3 of an adjacent adjacent winding layer 31. In particular, the size of the offset 41 of the wire 4 in all second regions 13 can be substantially half Correspond to wire diameter. As a result, it can be provided for the majority of the turns 3 that in each second area 13 and in each case two mutually adjacent winding layers 31 a turn 3 only crosses a directly adjacent, underlying turn 3. When using wire 4 with deviating from a circular cross-section geometry of the wire 4 can be rotated in at least one turn 3 in at least a second region 13 about the longitudinal axis of the wire 4. Thereby, the degree of filling of the coil 1 with wire 4 can be further increased, since the wire 4 can cross the wire 4 of the adjacent underlying turn 3 and reduces the formed by the crossing of the wire 4 of two winding layers 31 elevations of the coil 1 in the second region 13 can be. Advantageously, the wire 4 may be oval, rectangular or square in particular. In a wire 4, in particular a rectangular wire 4, the wire 4 in the second region 13 can be rotated by a quarter turn in particular about the longitudinal axis of the wire 4 and when crossing one of the side surfaces of the wire 4 over the edge of the wire 4 of the immediately adjacent underlying winding layer 31 are guided. In this way, in each winding layer 31, the increase of the turns 3 occurring during the crossing of turns 3 can be reduced, whereby in particular when winding a multiplicity of winding layers 31, the second regions 13 can be filled with high filling level with wire 4 and this is available for the coils 1 standing volume can be better used.

Fig. 1 shows a part of a coil 1 according to a first preferred embodiment. Shown are the coil wire 4, the coil axis 11, one of the first regions 12, one of the second regions 13, a coil outer side 15, the outermost of the winding layers 31, the base 16, the top surface 17, the coil height 18, the carrier 2, the offset 41 of the wire 4 in the second regions and a plurality of turns 3 of the coil 1. During the winding process, the wire 4 is guided into the innermost - not visible - winding layer 31. In the - innermost winding layer 31 - not shown, the wire 4 in the first plurality Wrapped areas 12 and the plurality of second regions 13 on the carrier 2. In this way, the windings 3 are wound on the at least one carrier 2, wherein the carrier 2 - not shown in FIG. 1 - guides for the innermost winding layer 31 has. These guides support the position positioning of the turns 3 of the innermost winding layer 31. The formation of guides can feed of the wire guide, so for example, the wrapping arm, and the wound offset 41 differ from each other. In this case, the position of the guided wire 4 and the position of the position of the wire 4 in the coil

1 differ by up to half a wire diameter. This allows an offset 41 in a second region 13 may be formed, in particular, the offset of the wire 4 corresponding feed 4 of the guide of the wire 4, so the wrapping arm, can be distributed over a larger area. The advance of the wire guide, in particular of the winding arm, and the offset 41 of the wire 4 in the coil 1 can thus deviate from each other up to a half wire diameter. Thus, the burden, in particular the burden of occurring lateral acceleration forces of the winding arm and the winding machine can be reduced. At the same time, the winding speed can be increased.

The carrier 2 may be formed in one piece or in several pieces and may comprise plastic, metal, wood or composite materials. In particular, it can be provided that the carrier

2 is formed at least in the second regions 13. In this case, a plurality of spaced-apart carrier 2, each in one of the plurality of second regions 13 may be provided. Alternatively, a single carrier 2 may be provided in a single one of the second regions 13.

The coil 1 shown in FIG. 1 according to a first preferred embodiment is rectangular with two diametrically opposite first regions 12 and two diametrically opposite second regions 13. In the first region 12, the turns 3 are guided parallel to the base surface 16 and the top surface 17 and stand in the Substantially normal to the coil axis 11, which is aligned substantially parallel to the direction of the main magnetic field of the current-carrying coil 1. In the second region 13 of the offset 41 of the wire 4 is formed. The size of the offset 41 of the wire 4 in each second area 13 may correspond to a predetermined size and may, in particular, substantially correspond to the wire diameter or a multiple of the wire diameter, divided by the number of displacement areas 13 formed along the circumference of the coil 1. Also, the size of the offset 41 of the wire 4 In the individual different second regions 13 may be formed differently sized and / or - as shown in Fig. 1 - the offset 41 of the wire 4 individual turns 3 and along the coil height 18 in at least one of the second regions 13 vary. The coil 1 may also be round, oval, square, pentagonal and / or polygonal, wherein on at least one side surface and / or the coil outer side 15 of the coil 1, in particular in a round or oval coil 1, a plurality of first regions 12 and second Areas 13 may be formed.

Furthermore, in Fig. 1, a plurality of outermost winding layers 31 are shown. Since different winding layers 31 of the coil 1 are formed as the outermost winding layer 31, the coil outer side 15 is step-shaped and the coil 1, which has a different number of winding layers 31 on the base surface 16 and the top surface 17, can be referred to as a conical coil 1 ,

In electrical components which have rotating parts about an axis, a central axis or an axis of rotation, in particular in electric motors, conical coils 1 are often installed, since in the region of the electric motor facing away from the central or rotor axis, due to the larger circumference, more volume is available than in the central or rotor axis facing area. The conical coils 1 can be arranged in the outer region with more winding layers 31 than in the rotor region of the electric motor and thus make better use of the volume available for the coils 1.

Coils 1 according to the invention can by means of a method for producing a coil 1 with a machine layer winding of at least one wire 4, wherein the coil 1 has a coil axis 11 which is arranged parallel to the main magnetic field direction of the current-carrying coil 1, wherein the at least one wire 4 along of the coil circumference is guided in a turn 3 in first areas 12 substantially normal to the coil axis 11, wherein at least one second winding 3 at least two second regions 13 are formed along the coil circumference, that in the second regions 13 of the at least one wire 4 at least one of Windings 3 is offset between one end of the second region 13 and the opposite end of the same second region 13 parallel to the coil axis, and that between each two of the second regions 13 at least one of the first regions 12 is formed. In this method, the wire 4 can advantageously be used in the winding of at least one The plurality of turns 3 at least one of the winding layers 31 are guided at a constant feed speed parallel to the coil axis.

2 shows two coils 1 in a second preferred embodiment, which are arranged adjacent in an - not shown - electrical component. For this purpose, FIG. 2 shows two adjacent coils 1 of a second embodiment of an annular coil arrangement about a central axis of the electrical component in section, wherein the annular coil arrangement comprises a plurality of coils 1, wherein the coil arrangement comprises at least one coil 1 according to the invention. The two coils 1 are shown in section, wherein the section through the first regions 12 of the coil 1 extends. The coils 1 may be round, oval, rectangular or polygonal. The two coils 1 show a portion of the circularly symmetrical arrangement of the coils 1 in the electrical component, wherein the electrical component and the central axis of the electrical component are not shown. Shown in Fig. 2, the carrier 2, the wire 4 and the turns 3, the first regions 12, the coil inner side 14, the coil outer side 15, the coil axis 11, a plurality of winding layers 31, and the base 16 and the top surface 17, which determine the bobbin height 18. The coil 1 in the second preferred embodiment has two first regions 12, which are shown diametrically opposite each other and in section, and are interrupted by two second regions 13 (not shown). Thus, in the spool 1 in the second preferred embodiment, two second regions 13 are provided. The turns 3 of each of the plurality of winding layers 31 are arranged offset in the two diametrically opposite first regions 12 in the direction of the coil axis 11 by half a wire diameter. This also results in that in each case a different number of turns 3 are formed in the same winding layer 31 in the two diametrically opposite first regions 12. At the start of the winding process, the wire 4 is guided to the innermost winding layer 31 and the winding starts at the base 16 in the right of the two illustrated first regions 12 of the left coil 1.

For a simpler distinction is - without valuation or ranking - further shown in Fig. 2 left of the two coils 1 as a first coil 111, the right of the two coils 1 as a second coil 112, and the left of the two illustrated first regions 12 of each both coils 1, 111, 112 as the second first region 122 and the right of the two first regions 12 of the two coils 1, 111, 112 referred to as the first first region 121 and with corresponding reference numerals in Fig. 2. In the second region 13 adjoining the first first region 121, the wire 4 of the winding 3 is offset parallel to the direction of the coil axis 11 by the size of the predetermined offset 41 of the wire 4 and in the immediately following first region 12, the second first region 122. again guided parallel to the base 16 and the top surface 17. The sum of the wire feeds of a turn 3 can essentially correspond to the diameter of the wire 4. In particular, when the coil 1 is wound with a plurality of wires 4, these wires 4 being wound parallel adjacent and simultaneously, the sum may be substantially equal to the sum of the diameters of the parallel adjacent and simultaneously wound wires 4.

The two coils 1, 111, 112 are arranged next to each other, wherein the coil axes 11 do not coincide.

Due to the offset 41 of the wire 4 parallel to the direction of the coil axis 11, a gap 36 may be formed on the base surface 16 and / or the top surface 17 in the second first region 122 in the innermost winding layer 31. As shown in FIG. 2, a gap 36 can advantageously be formed on the base surface 16 and / or the cover surface 17. The width of the two gaps 36 can add up substantially correspond to the wire diameter. In particular, the width of each of the two gaps 36 in at least one of the winding layers 31 may correspond substantially to half the wire diameter. In this way, in the innermost winding layer 31 in the first first region 121, one turn 3 is formed more than in the second first region 122. In the second winding layer 31 following the innermost winding layer 31, which adjoins the innermost winding layer 31, the gaps 36 are formed in the first first region 121 and in the second first region 122 a winding 3 is formed more than in the first first region 121 the third winding layer 31, which immediately follows the second winding layer 31 and adjoins the second winding layer, the gaps 36 are again formed in the second first region 122 and in the second first region 122, a winding 3 is less formed than in the first first region 121. With each additional winding layer, the position of the formed gaps 36 changes from the first first region 121 to the second first region 122 and back.

If - not shown - in each winding layer 31 in each of the first regions 12 exactly one gap 36 is formed, the gap 36 may also be formed in each next winding layer 31 is substantially diametrically opposite. The number of turns 3 in the winding layers 31 and the first regions 12 remains constant. For example, the gap 36 in a winding layer 31 in the first first region 121 on the base 16, in the same winding layer 31 in the second first region 122 on the top surface 17, in the adjacent overlying other winding layer 31 in the first first region 121 on the top surface 17 and be arranged in the other winding layer 31 in the second first region 122 on the base 16.

In the adjacent arrangement of a plurality of coils 1 in the electrical component, in each case the first first region 121 of a coil 1 adjoin the second first region 122 of a directly adjacent other coil 1 and / or respectively the second first region 122 of a coil 1 adjoin the first first coil Area 121 of a directly adjacent other coil 1. As shown in Fig. 2 by the first coil 111 and the second coil 112, the first first area 121 of the first coil 111 and the second first area 122 of the second coil 112 adjoin one another. As a result, elevations of the turns 3 of the uppermost winding layer 31 of the first coil 111 can be partially positioned between elevations of the turns 3 of the uppermost winding layer of the second coil 112, wherein in each case the base surfaces 16 and the top surfaces 17 of the coils 1 in the same plane or in particular - indicated in circular symmetrical arrangement of the coils 1 on a circular housing, for example a stator, in the same center-symmetrically arranged cylindrical surface. In this way, the coils 1 can be arranged particularly close to one another and the volume available in the electrical component for the coils 1 can be filled and utilized even better by the coils 1, this being the case both with a circularly symmetrical arrangement of the coils 1, in particular the conical coils 1 , as well as with a flat arrangement of the coils 1 is the case. The power of the electrical component can be increased with the same outer dimensions and / or the outer dimensions of the electrical component can be reduced with the same power.

In FIG. 8, a coil 1 according to the second embodiment, comprising a wire 4 and two steps 32 along the coil height 18, is shown in section. The illustrated coil 1 comprises four winding layers 31, wherein in the area of the base surface 16 all four winding layers 31 and in the region of the top surface 17 the two innermost winding layers 31 are wound. Each two adjacent turns 3 a winding layer 31 form due to the round wire form a - facing away from the coil inner side - winding gap 33 from. To describe the shape of this winding gap 33 can in two adjacent turns 3 each have a local coordinate system in the - shown in section - wire 4 of these windings 3 are placed, wherein the origin of the two coordinate systems coincide with the wire central axis of the two windings 3 and the x-axes of the two coordinate systems coincide. In this way, the mean wire axes of the two adjacent turns 3 lie on an x-axis and, without evaluation or ranking, the two turns 3 can be referred to as left and right turns 3 for better distinction. In these local coordinate systems, a square enclosing the wire 4 is placed in each case, wherein the mutually adjacent side edges of the two enveloping squares touch each other and wherein a left enveloping square the left of the two windings 3 and a right enveloping square the right of the two windings shown in section 3 wrapped. The winding gap 33 of two adjacent turns 3 facing away from the coil axis 11 now results from the difference area of the area of the left square and the left turn 3 in the first quadrant of the relevant local coordinate system and from the difference area of the area of the right square and the right turn 3 in the fourth quadrant of the relevant local coordinate system.

In FIG. 8, two steps 32 are also shown, wherein a step 32 can be understood in particular as a change of the winding layer number along the coil height 18. For better distinction and without ranking or rating, the right of the two illustrated stages 32 is referred to as the first stage 321 and the left of the two illustrated stages 32 as the second stage 322. The first stage 321 represents the transition in the coil outer side 15 from four to three wound winding layers 31, and thus the fourth winding layer 31 of the coil 1 is the upper winding layer 31 of the first stage 321 and the third winding layer 31 of the coil 1 is the lower winding layer 31 of FIG first stage 321. The first stage 321 comprises a winding 3 of the fourth winding layer 31, this winding 3 being the furthest from the base surface 16 turn 3 of the fourth winding layer and shown in Fig. 8 hatched. This turn 3 is the one outer turn 3 of the upper winding layer 31 of the first stage 321. The distance between the furthest turn 3 of the fourth winding layer 31 to the base 16 thus determines the distance of the first stage 321 to the base 16. Further comprises the first stage 321 a plurality of turns 3 of the third winding layer 31 of the coil 1, wherein this winding layer, the lower winding layer 31 of the first stage 321 is formed. In this case, the first stage 321 comprises all windings 3 of the third winding layer 31 of the coil 1, which are formed between the first stage 321 and the second stage 322. The furthest from the base 16 turn 3 of the third Winding layer 31 of the coil 1 is encompassed by both the first stage 321 and the second stage 322, since this turn 3 also forms the one turn of the upper winding layer 31 of the second stage 322. The upper winding layer 31 of the second stage 322 is formed in such a way by the third winding layer 31 of the coil 1. The second stage 322 is along the coil height 18 so the, in particular jump-like, transition from three to two winding layers 31 of the coil 1. Since no further stage 32 is formed between the second stage 322 and the top surface 17, the second stage includes next to a - most far to the base 16 spaced turn 3 of the third winding layer 31 - all outer turns 3 of the second winding layer 31. These outer turns 3 of the second winding layer 31 are those turns 3 of the second winding layer 31, of which the distance from the base 16 is greater than is the distance of the second stage 322 to the base 16 and therefore no further winding layer 31 is formed above these windings 31.

Through each of the - shown in section - stages 32, 321, 322, a step relief surface 34 is clamped, each step surface 34 is attributable to one of the stages 32, 321, 322 and therefore a first stage relief surface 341 in the first stage 321 and a second Step relief surface 342 is formed in the second stage 322. The first step free surface 341 results from the area between the pointing in the direction of the coil outside 15 outline of the turns 3 of the first stage 321 and an outside tangent 35 of these turns 3. The second step free surface 342 results from the area between the in the direction of Outline of the turns 3 of the first stage 322 and an outer tangent 35 of these turns 3. The outer tag 35 of the first stage windings 321 and the outside tangent 35 of the second stage windings 322 need not necessarily coincide - As shown in Fig. 8 - but coincide, so that all stages 32, 321, 322 of a coil 1 may have a common outer tangent 35.

2 shows a plurality of turns 3, wherein at least two of the turns 3 of at least one coil 1 according to the invention engage in the winding gaps 33 formed by the turns 3 of a further coil 1. These engaging windings 3, which are referred to as boundary windings 37 for better distinction and without distinction, are windings 3 of a coil 1, for example the first coil 111, which is wound with turns 3 of an immediately adjacent coil 1, for example, the second coil 112, in contact. Based on the arrangement of two adjacent limit turns 37 adjacent coils 1 to each other, the advantageous arrangement of the turns 3 in the first regions 12 of each coil 1 is shown: the fact that the turns 3 a winding layer 31, in particular the outermost winding layer 31, in the first first region 121st to the windings 3 in the second first region 122 are offset in relation to each other by half a wire diameter parallel to the direction of the coil axis 11, the boundary turns 37 of the first first region 121 of the first coil 111 between the turns 3 of the second first region 122 of the second coil 112 are arranged, wherein the boundary turns 37 of a coil 1 engage in winding gaps 33 of the adjacent other coil 1 and / or can penetrate. In this way, the adjacent coils 1 can be arranged closer to each other. The boundary windings 37 of a coil 1 can be arranged in winding interspaces 33 of the coil outer side 15 and thus the distance between two coil axes 11 necessary for the arrangement of the coils 1, 111, 112 in the electronic component can be reduced by up to half the diameter of the wire. This results in the arrangement of a plurality of coils 1 in the electrical component significantly smaller outer dimensions of the component with a constant coil size, the same number of coils, the same total wire length of the coil 1 and constant electrical properties of the electrical component. With the same component size more winding layers 31 may be formed in the same volume and thus more wire 4 may be formed in an electrical component of the same outer dimensions, whereby the performance of the electrical component, in particular of the electric motor, can be increased.

FIG. 3 shows two adjacent different coils 1 of a third and fourth embodiment of a coil arrangement in section, wherein the particular annular coil arrangement of an electrical component, not shown, comprises a multiplicity of coils 1. Shown are two different embodiments of the coil 1, which are arranged alternately adjacent. The left of the two coils 1 shown in the view is - for better distinction and without ranking or rating - as the first coil 111 and the right of the two coils 1 is referred to as the second coil 112. For this, circular, oval, rectangular or in particular annular coil arrangement comprising a plurality of coils 1 at least two different embodiments of coil 1 can therefore also from the simultaneous use of a coil type. "A", for example, the first coil 111, and a coil type "B", for example, the second coil 112, to be spoken. In order to illustrate more complex and / or deviating from the circular geometry, three or more embodiments of the coils 1, 111, 112 can be used in parallel. This coil arrangement may comprise, in an electrical component, in particular an electric motor, a coil arrangement, in particular an annular coil arrangement, wherein the electrical component comprises at least one coil 1 according to the invention.

The two mutually different coils 1, 111, 112 are arranged side by side, wherein the coil axes 11 do not coincide.

Shown in FIG. 3 are two coils 1, 111, 112 of a possible coil arrangement in different embodiments of coil 1. The individual coils 3 are not shown in this schematic representation, but the individual coil layers 31 are shown, these being separated from one another by parallel lines are separated. Furthermore, the carrier 2, the coil inner side 14, the coil outer side 15, the base 16, the top surface 17 and the coil height 18 are shown. The first coil 111 has a maximum of nine winding layers 31. The second coil 111 has a maximum of eight winding layers 31. The maximum number of winding layers 31 is arranged in both coils 1, 111, 112 in the region of the base surface 16. Such an electrical component can be formed, wherein the coil outer side 15 of at least one of the coils 1 has at least one step 32, wherein the at least one step 32 of outer turns 3 a lower winding layer 31 and an outer turn 3 of an upper winding layer 31 is formed - Seen in a sectional plane containing the coil axis 11 - a stepped surface 34 by the turns 3 of the step 32 and the outer tangent 35 is formed on the turns 3 of the step 32, and that in one of the at least one stepped surface 34, another of the coils 1 engages , The areas of outboard windings 3 engaging in the stepped relief surface 34 are formed in some winding layers 31 and are shown hatched in FIG. 3. These hatched areas are referred to below as overlapping areas 38. These overlapping regions 38 shown in FIG. 3 are therefore those windings 3 of a coil 1, 111, 112, which can engage in the step free surfaces 34 of the respective adjacent coil 1, 111, 112. The differences between the first coil 111 and the second coil 112 can be seen especially in the middle in FIG. 3, in which the two illustrated coils 1, 111, 112 adjoin one another adjacent to one another. Starting from the base 16 of the first coil 111 are a few turns 3 of the ninth winding layer 31, which represents the outermost winding layer 31 in this region of the first coil 111, educated. A step 32, which is closest to the base surface 16 step 32, which is hereinafter referred to as the first stage 32 of the first coil 111, limited to the top surface 17 toward open ninth winding layer 31 of the first coil 111. Next along the coil outer side 15 in the direction of the top surface 17, a second stage 32 of the first coil 111 is formed. Between the first and second stage 32, eight winding layers 31 are formed one above the other in the first coil 111 and the eighth winding layer forms the outermost winding layer 31 in this region of the coil height. At the end surface of the eighth winding layer 31 of the first coil 111, which is open toward the cover surface 17, the third stage 32 formed. Between the third and second stage 32, seven winding layers 31 are formed one above the other in the first coil 111 and the seventh winding layer forms in this region of the coil height 18, the outermost winding layer 31. At the top surface 17 toward open end of the seventh winding layer 31 of the first coil 111 is the fourth stage 32 of the first coil 111 is formed. Between the third and fourth stage 32, six winding layers 31 are formed one above the other in the first coil 111 and the sixth winding layer forms the outermost winding layer 31 in this region of the coil height 18. From the fourth step 32, five winding layers 31 are formed one above the other and the fifth winding layer 31 forms between the fourth stage 32 and the top surface 17, the coil outer side 15 of the first coil 111 from.

Similarly, the arrangement in the second coil 112, which according to FIG. 3 represents a coil 1 different from the first coil 111: In the region of the top surface 16 eight winding layers 31 are formed one above the other and the eighth winding layer 31 formed in this area, the coil outer side 15 of the second Coil 112. From the closest to the base 16 stage 32 of the second coil 112, ie a first stage 32 of the second coil 112, seven winding layers 31 are formed one above the other and the coil outer side 15 is formed in this region of the second coil 112 through the seventh winding layer 31 , At the end of the seventh winding layer 31 of the second coil 112 open towards the cover surface 17 of the second coil 112, the second step 32 of the second coil 112 is formed. At the end of the sixth coil layer 31 of the second coil 112 which is open toward the cover surface 17 of the second coil 112, the third stage 32 of the second coil 112 is formed. Between the second and third stages 32 of the second coil 112, six winding layers 31 are wound one over the other and the coil outer side 15 is formed in this region by the sixth winding layer 31. From the third stage 32 of the second coil 112, five winding layers 31 are wound over each other and the coil outer side 15 is formed between the third step 32 and the top surface 17 through the fifth winding layer 31. The first coil 111 and the second coil 112 thus differ in the number of maximum winding layers and in the number of steps 32 formed along the coil height. The position of the individual steps 32 is also different. The smallest distance to the base 16, the first stage 32 of the first coil 111 has. The second-smallest distance to the base surface 16 has the second stage 32 of the first coil 111. The third smallest distance to the base 16, the first stage 32 of the second coil 112 has. The fourth smallest distance to the base surface 16 has the second step 32 of the second coil 112. The fifth-smallest distance to the base surface 16 has the third step 32 of the first coil 111. The sixth smallest distance to the base surface 16 has the fourth stage 32 of the first coil 111. The seventh lowest and immediately greatest distance to the base surface 16, the third stage 32 of the second coil 111. The first stage 32 of the second coil 112 engages in this advantageous arrangement of the adjacent coils 1, 111, 112 in the step free surface 34 of the second stage 32 of the first coil 111 a. The third stage 32 of the first coil 111 engages the step-free surface 34 of the second stage 32 of the second coil 112. And the third stage 32 of the second coil 112 engages the stepped surface 34 of the fourth stage 32 of the first coil 111. The stepped surfaces 34 can be better used and partially filled with wire 4, whereby a higher degree of filling of the coil assembly is made possible and the power density of the coil assembly and the coil assembly comprising - not shown - electrical component can be increased.

In this case, the first coil 111 and the second coil 112 may in particular also have a plurality of second regions 13, that is, they are wound in a shared orthocyclic manner. In this way, the respective last turn 3 of the overlapping regions 38 of a coil 1 shown in FIG. 3 can be arranged in the winding interspaces 33 between two adjacent turns 3 of the coil outside 15 of the adjacent coil 1, so that the spacing of adjacent coils 1 in the coil arrangement can be further reduced and the degree of filling of the coil assembly can be increased.

In this context, special conditions for the offset 41 of the wire 4 are advantageously taken into account. On the one hand, in order to increase the degree of filling of the coil arrangement, the first regions 12 of two adjacently adjacent coils 1 can be wound offset by half the diameter of the wire 4, as shown in FIG. 2 and described above. This has the consequence that advantageously the wire 4 substantially every turn 3 diametrically opposite first portions 12 - if provided in the coil assembly for adjacent adjacent arrangement with other coils 1 - offset by half a diameter or by a multiple and a half diameter of the wire 4, that is advanced in the direction of the offset 41 of the wire 4, are positioned. On the other hand, the sum of the feeds in the plurality of regions 13 along the circumference of the coil 1 for winding a plurality of wires 4 may be greater than a diameter of the wire 4 and in particular substantially equal to two or three times the diameter of the wire 4. This results in some particularly advantageous combinations of the number of wound wires 4, the number of second regions 13 along the circumference of the coil 1 and the offset 41 of the wire 4 by half a diameter of the wire 4 or by a multiple and a half diameter of the Wire 4 diametrically opposite first areas 12.

In the case of a coil 1 comprising a wire 4, advantageously two second regions 13 are formed, wherein in each second region 13 the offset 41 of the wire 4 between the one end of the respective second region 13 and the other end of the respective second region 13 is substantially the same half the diameter of the wire 4 corresponds. Advantageously, the turns 3 in the two, in particular diametrically opposite, first regions 12 are essentially offset by half the diameter of the wire 4, and the sum of the wire offset along the circumference of the coil 1 essentially corresponds to a diameter of the wire 4 Spool 1 comprising two wires 4 can be formed in particular two second regions 13, wherein in one of the two second regions 13 substantially the offset 41 of the wire 4 between the one end of the second region 13 and the other end of the second region 13 in about the corresponds to one and a half times the diameter of the wire 4 and in the other of the two second regions 13 substantially the offset 41 of the wire 4 between the one end of the second region 13 and the other end of the second region 13 corresponds approximately to half the diameter of the wire 4. Advantageously, the turns 3 in the two, in particular diametrically opposite, first regions 12 are essentially offset from each other in such a way and the sum of the wire offset, ie the offset 41 of the wire 4, along the circumference of the coil 1 essentially corresponds to the number of wound wires 4 multiplied by the diameter of the wire 4, wherein the two wound wires 4 in particular have the same diameter. Instead of in the one second area 13 the offset 41st of the wire 4 corresponding to one and a half times the diameter of the wire 4, three second regions 13 may be provided in this region, wherein in each of these three second regions 13, the offset 41 of the wire 4 substantially corresponds to half the wire diameter. Further advantageous combination possibilities arise with three or more simultaneously wound wires 4 and a corresponding number of second areas, wherein advantageously the turns 3 a winding layer 31 in particular diametrically opposite first portions 12 to each other by a multiple and a half of the diameter of the wire 4 are formed and wherein advantageously the sum of the offset, so the sum of the offset, a turn 3, that is along the circumference of the coil 1, substantially the width of a wire 4 or the width of the number of parallel and simultaneously wound wires 4 corresponds , Such an exact positioning of each individual turn 3 of the coils 1 and / or mutually different coils 1 in a coil arrangement can not be realized with the known winding methods. Especially when a plurality of wires 4 insulated from each other and hanging on different circuits are wound and therefore an offset 41 of the wire 4 has to be wound larger than a diameter of the wire 4 along the circumference of the coil 1, these accuracies are not or only with high winding technology Effort and / or low winding speeds feasible. The splitting of the offset 41 over a plurality of regions, that is to say the provision of several second regions 13 along the circumference of the coil 1, is therefore particularly advantageous. In each of the plurality of second regions 13, if the offset 41 of the wire 4 is substantially half an offset 41 of the wire 4, then in particular an effect occurs, which may be referred to as wire auto-positioning, with the currently wound piece of the wire 4 substantially extending by itself - due to the tensile forces occurring during winding - positioned in the recesses between two adjacent wires 4 of lying directly below this piece of wire 4 turns 3 of the next lower winding layer 31. The particularly advantageous effect of Drahtautopositionierung can in particular also occur when the winding arm instead of a jerky movement for winding the offset 41, so the feed of Wrapparms, performs a uniform feed motion, this method of guiding the wire as the winding method of a helically wound Coil 1 corresponds. In this case, at a first end of the respective second region 13, the currently wound piece of wire 4 up to one third of the diameter of the wire 4 ahead in the winding direction and the other second end of the respective second region 13, the currently wound piece of the wire 4 up to a third of the diameter of the wire 4 against the winding direction hinterle. Nevertheless, the wire 4 in the respective second region 13 of the currently wound winding layer 31 in the correct depression of the next lower winding layer 31 auto, so by itself, position. Also, at the same time as winding a plurality of parallel wires 4, this wire-car positioning effect can be advantageously used to improve and to simplify winding. In this case, since the wrapping arm is moved substantially at a uniform speed in the direction of the displacement of the wire, the load of the wrapping arm and the winding machine can be substantially reduced. At the same time, the winding speed can be further increased. Alternatively, a mixture of jerky wrapping arm movement - similar to the orthocyclic wrapping method - and uniform wrapping arm movement - similar to the helical wrapping method - may be provided. Again, the burden of the winding arm can be reduced while increasing the winding speed and the precision of the positioning of the windings 3.

FIGS. 4 to 6 schematically show different embodiments and different coil geometries of the coil 1, as well as different arrangements of the plurality of second regions 13 and the plurality of first regions 12.

FIG. 4 shows a round coil 1 with two second regions 13 and two first regions 12 along the circumference of the coil 1.

FIG. 5 shows a rectangular, rectangular coil 1, which has two first regions 12 and two second regions 13, respectively. On at least one of the side surfaces of the rectangular coil 1, a plurality of first regions 12 and / or a plurality of second regions 13 may be formed.

6 shows a hexagonal coil 1, wherein three of the six side surfaces of the coil 1 are formed as first regions 12 and three of the six side surfaces of the coil 1 as second regions 13.

Fig. 7 shows schematically two full turns 3 of a rectangular coil 1 of a seventh embodiment. Shown are the coil axis 11, the wire 4, two full turns 3 of the coil forming the coil 1, two first regions 12 and two second regions 13 and a plane normal to the coil axis 11, the coil axis normal plane 19th The two turns 3 shown in FIG. 7 comprise wire 4 in the two first regions 12, which is directed parallel to the coil axis normal plane 19, and wire 4 in the two second regions 13, wherein the offset 41 of the wire 4 is formed in the two second regions 13 is and the wire 4 is arranged offset to the Spulenachsennormalebene 19 such. 7, the wire offset is half a wire diameter in each of the two second regions 13. Coils 1 according to the coils 1 of a second embodiment shown in FIG. 2 may have such an arrangement of turns 3, the orientation of the wire 4 in the first regions 12 and the size of the offset 41 of the wire 4 in the second regions 13.

Particularly advantageously, the electrical component, in particular the electric motor, with a coil assembly, in particular an annular coil assembly, wherein the coil assembly comprises at least two coils 1, each with a machine layer winding of at least one wire 4, wherein the coils 1 have a coil axis 11, which parallel to Main magnetic field direction of the current-carrying coil 1 is arranged, wherein the at least one wire 4 is guided along the coil circumference at a turn 3 in first regions 12 substantially normal to the coil axis 11, wherein along a coil circumference at least two second regions 13 are formed, wherein the second regions 13 of the at least one wire 4 at least in one of the turns 3 between each end of one of the second regions 13 and the opposite end of the same second region 13 has an offset 41 parallel to the coil axis, and wherein between each two of the second Ber oak 13 is formed at least one of the first regions 12, be formed such that at least two turns 3 engage at least one of the coils 1 in the formed by the windings 3 of another of the coils 1 Windungszwischenräume 33. As a result, the advantages and effects mentioned above can be achieved.

As a result, the coils 1 can be positioned even closer to one another, in particular in the electrical component, so that valuable space can be saved, the electrical component can be made smaller and / or the power of the electrical component can be further increased, with the degree of filling of the electrical component with wire 4 being further increased can. Advantageously, it may be provided in this connection that the coil outer side 15 of at least one of the coils 1 has at least one step 32, wherein the at least one step 32 is formed by outer turns 3 of a lower winding layer 31 and an outer winding 3 of an upper winding layer 31 -in a seen the coil axis 11 containing cutting plane - a stepped surface 34 by the windings 3 of the stage 32 and the outer tangent 35 is formed on the turns 3 of the stage 32, and that in one of the at least one step free surface 34, another of the coils 1 engages. It is advantageous in this case that at least two of the turns 3 of at least one of the coils 1 according to one of the claims engage into the winding gaps 33 formed by the turns 3 of a further coil 1.

In an advantageous embodiment of the electrical component can be provided that at least two adjacent of the coils 1 each have a stepped coil outer side 15, wherein the steps 32 of the mutually facing coil outer sides 15 of these coils 1 are arranged so that the distance between the coil outer sides 15 is substantially smaller or is equal to 1, 3 times, preferably 1, 2 times, especially 1.1 times, the wire diameter. Such a particularly low void volumes between the adjacent coils 1 can be realized, so that the degree of filling of the coil assembly is further increased and the power density of the coil assembly can be further increased rn particularly advantageous development of the electrical component can be provided that the at least one wire 4 at least one the coil 1 has this offset 41 in at least a majority of the turns 3. As a result, even with a large number of turns 3, a coil 1 with ordered turns 3 can be formed, and a wild winding can also be avoided in higher winding layers, for example in winding layers starting from the sixth winding layer. In this way, voids in and / or on the coil 1 can be avoided and the degree of filling of the coil arrangement with coils 1, in particular with wire 4 of the coils 1, can be further increased.

Advantageously, two of the first regions 12 of at least one of the coils 1 can be arranged diametrically opposite one another in the electrical component. In this case, the turns 3 of the two diametrically opposed first regions 12 in the direction of the coil axis 11 offset, in particular offset by the amount of half the diameter of the wire 4, may be arranged. This allows for adjacent arrangement of a plurality of coils 1, that increases the turns 3 of a coil outside of a coil 1 in Windungszwischenräume 33 between turns 3 of the coil outer side of a coil 1 adjacent coil 1 are arranged so that the distance between the adjacent coils 1 can be reduced and thus the degree of filling of wire 4 from a coil arrangement of several coils 1 can be further increased. Preferably, it can be provided in the electrical component that the sum of the offset 41 of a winding 3 at least one of the coils 1 along the circumference of the coil 1 substantially corresponds to the width of a wire 4 or the width of the number of parallel and simultaneously wound wires 4. In particular, the available volume for the coil 1 in the electrical component can be discussed in a special way in that the second regions can be adapted to the individual geometric conditions of the electrical component. m Advantageous development of the electrical component can be provided that the windings 3 at least one of the coils 1 are wound on at least one carrier 2, wherein the carrier has 2 guides for an innermost winding layer 31. The carrier 2 may remain after winding in the coil 1 and may further be used for mounting and positioning of the coil in the electrical component. In this way, by means of the guides, which are designed in particular as grooves with a predetermined depth of the grooves, a predetermined inner radius of the grooves and a predetermined spacing between the grooves, the turns 3 of the first winding layer 31 can be wound with predetermined precision and predetermined tolerance. Errors and inaccuracies in the innermost winding layer 31, ie the first winding layer 31, which would also affect the precision in subsequently wound winding layers 31, can thus be avoided. Since the wire 4 places as far as possible in the coil axis 11 nearest points of the guides by the forces during the winding, so by means of these guides inaccuracies of the winding arm can be compensated, whereby the precision and reproducibility of the coil geometry and / or turns 3 on can be increased.

Likewise, it can be provided in the electrical component that the carrier 2 of one of the coils 1 is formed at least in the second regions 13. As a result, the carrier 2 can be designed to be particularly volume and weight saving. In the electrical component, in particular in the electric motor, the weight of the moving parts can be reduced, which can set better acceleration behavior of the moving parts.

Advantageously, the electrical component can be developed such that the carrier 2 of at least one of the coils 1 is formed in several pieces from a plurality of spaced-apart individual carriers. It can save weight, material and valuable space in the electrical component. Due to the lower weight, the reaction rate of the coil arrangement can be further increased in the case of current changes, which may result in improvements in the response time of the entire electrical component.

Further embodiments of the invention have only a part of the features described, wherein each feature combination, in particular of various described embodiments, may be provided.

Claims

1. Electrical component, in particular electric motor, with a coil arrangement, in particular an annular coil arrangement, characterized in that the electrical component comprises at least one coil (1) according to one of claims 5 to 11.

2. Electrical component according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two of the turns (3) of at least one of the coils (1) according to one of claims 5 to 11 in the turns of the coils (3) of another coil (1) formed Windungszwischenräume ( 33) intervene.

3. Electrical component according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the coil outer side (15) at least one of the coils (1) has at least one step (32), wherein the at least one stage (32) of external turns (3) of a lower Winding layer (31) and an outer turn (3) of an upper winding layer (31) is formed, that - seen in a coil axis (11) cutting plane - a stepped surface (34) through the turns (3) of the stage (32) and the outer tangent (35) is formed on the turns (3) of the step (32), and in that one of the at least one stepped relief face (34) engages another of the coils (1).

4. Electrical component according to claim 3, characterized in that at least two adjacent of the coils (1) each have a stepped coil outer side (15), wherein the steps (32) of the mutually facing coil outer sides (15) of these coils (1) are arranged in that the distance of the coil outer sides (15) is substantially less than or equal to 1, 3 times, preferably 1, 2 times, in particular 1.1 times, the wire diameter.

5. coil (1) with a machine layer winding of at least one wire (4), wherein the coil (1) has a coil axis (11), which is arranged parallel to the main magnetic field direction of the current-carrying coil (1), wherein the at least one wire (4) along the coil circumference at a turn (3) in first areas (12) substantially is guided normal to the coil axis (11), characterized in that along the coil circumference at least two second regions (13) are formed such that in the second regions (13) of the at least one wire (4) at least in one of the turns (3) respectively between an end of one of the second regions (13) and the opposite end of the same second region (13) has an offset (41) parallel to the coil axis, and that formed between each two of the second regions (13) at least one of the first regions (12) is.

6. A coil according to claim 5, characterized in that the at least one wire (4) has this offset (41) in at least a majority of the turns (3).

7. Coil according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that two of the first regions (12) are arranged diametrically opposite one another.

8. A coil according to claim 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that the sum of the offset (41) of a turn (3) along the circumference of the coil (1) is substantially the width of a wire (4) or the width of the number of parallel and simultaneously wound wires (4) corresponds.

9. Coil according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the turns (3) on at least one carrier (2) are wound, wherein the carrier (2) has guides for an innermost winding layer (31).

10. Coil according to claim 9, characterized in that the carrier (2) is formed at least in the second regions (13).

11. Coil according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the carrier (2) is formed in several pieces from a plurality of spaced-apart individual carriers.

12. A method for producing a coil (1) with a machine layer winding of at least one wire (4), wherein the coil (1) has a coil axis (11) which is arranged parallel to the main magnetic field direction of the current-carrying coil (1) the at least one wire (4) along the coil circumference in a turn (3) in first regions (12) is guided substantially normal to the coil axis (11), characterized in that along the coil circumference at least one turn (3) at least two second regions (13) are formed, that in the second regions (13) of at least a wire (4) of at least one of the turns (3) between one end of the second region (13) and the opposite end of the same second region (13) is offset parallel to the coil axis, and that between each two of the second regions (13) at least one the first regions (12) is formed.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that the wire (4) during the winding of at least a plurality of turns (3) of at least one of the winding layers (31) is guided at a constant feed speed parallel to the coil axis.