WO2008108765A1 - Bloc de béton pour formation de colonnes - Google Patents

Bloc de béton pour formation de colonnes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008108765A1
WO2008108765A1 PCT/US2007/005805 US2007005805W WO2008108765A1 WO 2008108765 A1 WO2008108765 A1 WO 2008108765A1 US 2007005805 W US2007005805 W US 2007005805W WO 2008108765 A1 WO2008108765 A1 WO 2008108765A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
block
blocks
top surface
extending
interlocking
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2007/005805
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Brian A. Price
Cameron E. Roberson
Original Assignee
Mortarless Technologies Llc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mortarless Technologies Llc filed Critical Mortarless Technologies Llc
Priority to PCT/US2007/005805 priority Critical patent/WO2008108765A1/fr
Publication of WO2008108765A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008108765A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/39—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings characterised by special adaptations, e.g. serving for locating conduits, for forming soffits, cornices, or shelves, for fixing wall-plates or door-frames, for claustra
    • E04C1/395—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings characterised by special adaptations, e.g. serving for locating conduits, for forming soffits, cornices, or shelves, for fixing wall-plates or door-frames, for claustra for claustra, fences, planting walls, e.g. sound-absorbing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0215—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with separate protrusions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to stackable concrete blocks and more particularly to an interlocking stackable concrete block for forming columns that are part of a modular wall system.
  • Block wall systems are often used for privacy, security, decoration or as support for fence panels, gates, or other such structures. Such systems are desirable because they provide an aesthetically pleasing appearance, resist weathering, and require little maintenance. The construction of such a wall, however, can be expensive and time-consuming.
  • Modular blocks with interlocking features have also been used to build block wall systems and can be installed without special skill.
  • U.S. Patent Pub. No. 2005/0252147 and 2005/0252146 each to MacDonald et al., disclose a column block and fence system where successive blocks can be placed upon one another and interlock by rotating each block 90 degrees.
  • numerous variations of the blocks are required so that the recessed portions for receiving the wall blocks are aligned in each column. This increases the cost of manufacturing, palletizing, and inventory for the manufacturer and increases cost and makes installation more difficult for the end user.
  • the interlocking features take up much of the hollow interior region of the blocks, leaving little space in which to place reinforcing materials.
  • the present interlocking modular wall system provides advantageous reinforcement capability and can be manufactured and installed for a minimum of cost. Moreover, it addresses certain disadvantages of conventional systems.
  • the interlocking modular wall system includes modular post blocks.
  • Modular post blocks according to an embodiment of the present invention include a core through the block body and three interlocking portions disposed on the inner perimeter surface of each block that project outward from one of the bottom surface or the top surface of each block. First and second interlocking portions are disposed on one surface of the inner perimeter and third interlocking portion is disposed on the opposite side.
  • a column of post blocks can be formed by horizontally rotating each successive block 180 degrees. When stacked, interlocking portions of a first block project into the core of a second block and the third interlocking portion of the first block fits at least partially between first and second interlocking portions of the adjacent second block. Reinforcement members may be added through the vertically aligned cores of a column of blocks.
  • Modular post blocks can be configured to serve as corner post blocks, end post blocks, or middle post blocks such that a wall of any shape can be created.
  • Fig. IA is a perspective view
  • Fig. IB is a top view
  • Fig. 1C is a side view
  • Fig. ID is a front view of a modular post block according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2A is a perspective view
  • Fig. 2B is a top view
  • Fig. 2C is a side view
  • Fig. 2D is a front view of a modular post block according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 A is a perspective view
  • Fig. 3B is a top view
  • Fig. 3 C is a side view
  • Fig. 3D is a front view of a modular post block according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4A is a perspective view
  • Fig. 4B is a top view
  • Fig. 4C is a side view
  • Fig. 4D is a front view of a modular post block according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 5 A is a perspective view
  • Fig. 5B is a cross sectional view of two modular post stacked on top of each other according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a perspective view of two modular post blocks stacked on top of each other according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 A is a bottom view
  • Fig. 7B is a front view
  • Fig. 7C is a side view of a modular wall block according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7D is a side view of a modular wall block according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a bottom view of two modular wall blocks stacked against one another according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a front view of three modular wall blocks stacked together according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a top view of a modular wall section according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. HA is a perspective view
  • Fig. HB is a top view
  • Fig. HC is a front view of a modular wall system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Modular post block 100 comprises a top surface 102 and opposing bottom surface 104, a front surface 106 and opposing rear surface 108, and a first side surface 110 and opposing second side surface 112.
  • the surfaces of modular post block meet to form corners 128, which may optionally be beveled, chamfered, or rounded to provide a more finished appearance.
  • Modular post block 100 further includes an opening or core 114 through the center of the block body.
  • a core should be understood to be an opening through the block body that is bounded by the block body.
  • An opening should be understood to be any open or void area.
  • Core 114 defines an inner perimeter surface 116 of the block.
  • the core 114 extends the entire thickness of the block in order to reduce the weight of the block for ease of assembly and to allow for the placement of vertical reinforcement in a column of modular post blocks. In addition, it is simpler to manufacture modular post blocks 100 with cores 114 extending completely through the block. However, core 114 may extend from top surface 102 or bottom surface 104 and stop short of the opposing surface.
  • First 118, second 120, and third 122 interlocking portions are disposed on inner perimeter surface 116 of modular post block 100.
  • Third interlocking portion 122 is disposed on the surface e from first 118 and second 120 interlocking portions. Interlocking portions 118, 120,
  • interlocking portions 118, 120, 122 can be manufactured such that the reverse is true.
  • interlocking portions need not extend the entire thickness of the block, and therefore need not be co-planar with one of the surfaces, so long as they project beyond the other surface.
  • First 118 and second 120 interlocking portions are spaced such that the distance between them is slightly wider than the width of third interlocking portion 122.
  • interlocking portions 118, 120, 122 can take on a variety of shapes, including arcuate, triangular, polygonal or circular.
  • Interlocking portions 188, 120, 122 may also be tapered so that the portion protruding beyond the bottom surface 104 of the block 100 narrows as it gets farther away from bottom surface 104. This will facilitate easy stacking and manufacturing. Further, persons of skill in the art will recognize that any number of interlocking portions may be used. For example, 3 interlocking portions may be provided on one side and 2 provided on the opposite side.
  • first side surface 110 is provided with a first recess 124 and second opposing side surface 112 is provided with a second recess 126 for receiving said wall blocks.
  • the outer surfaces of all of the blocks according to the present invention may be given a decorative appearance.
  • decorative appearances include broken rock, stacked rocks, natural stone, brick, striated or roughened texture.
  • Persons of skill in the art of concrete block manufacturing using the dry-cast process will recognize that various decorative appearances can be imparted on one or more of the surfaces of the blocks, and that the present invention is not limited to a specific decorative facial appearance unless specifically indicated in a given Claim.
  • Decorative faces for the block depicted in Figs. 1 A-ID are provided to the front surface 106 and the opposing rear surface 108.
  • one or more outer surfaces may provided with a smooth appearance.
  • a modular post block 200 is for use at the corner of a modular wall block system. Similar to modular post block 100, modular post block 200 is defined by a top surface 202 and opposing bottom surface 204, a front surface 206 and opposing rear surface 208, and a first side surface 210 and opposing second side surface 212. Modular post block 200 also includes a core ining an inner perimeter surface 216 which has first 218, second 220, and third 222 ring portions formed thereon that extend beyond bottom surface 104 and where the space between first 118 and second 120 interlocking portions is slightly greater than the width of third interlocking portion 122.
  • modular post block 200 is located on the corner of the wall the location of the recesses 224, 226 is different than with modular post block 100. Where a post block is in the corner of a wall, the corresponding wall blocks will extend from adjacent, rather than opposite, sides of the block. Therefore, modular post block 200 is provided with recesses 224, 226 on rear surface 208 and second side surface 212. Decorative faces can be provided to front surface 206 and first side surface 210. Persons of skill in the art will recognize that the recess 226 provided on second side surface 212 could instead be provided on first side surface 210 and a decorative face could then be provided on second side surface 212.
  • a mirror-image of the above-described block is provided to stack with modular post block 200.
  • the mirror image block has the interlocking portions 218, 220, 222 reversed, such that two interlocking portions 218, 220 are provided on inner perimeter surface 216 near first side surface 210 and one interlocking portion is provided on the opposite side.
  • Modular post block 200 and its corresponding mirror image block would be stacked in courses to provide a uniform column.
  • modular post block 300 is for use on an end of a modular wall block system. Similar to the above, modular post block 300 comprises a top surface 302 and opposing bottom surface 304, a front surface 306 and opposing rear surface 308, and a first side surface 310 and opposing second side surface 312. Modular post block 300 also includes a core 314 defining an inner perimeter surface 316 which has first 318, second 320, and third 322 interlocking portions formed thereon that extend beyond bottom surface 304 and where the space between first 318 and second 320 interlocking portions is slightly greater than the width of third interlocking portion 322.
  • recess 324 Only one recess 324 is provided because a block positioned at the end of a wall will have wall blocks extending from only one side of it. Although provided on second side surface 312 in Figs. 3A-3D, recess 324 could also be located on first side surface 310 or rear surface 308. All three surfaces not provided with a recess 306, 308, 310 may be provided with a decorative face. As discussed with modular post block 200, a corresponding mirror image modular post block is provided, wherein the interlocking portions 318, 320, 322 are reversed in order to create a uniform interlocking column with aligned recesses. Modular post block 300 and mirror image block are then alternated in the column when stacked in courses. Referring now to Figs.
  • a modular post block 400 is shown which depicts certain ins of the present invention.
  • Modular post block 400 comprises a top surface 402 and opposing bottom surface 404, a front surface 406 and opposing rear surface 408, and a first side surface 410 and opposing second side surface 412.
  • Modular post block 400 further includes a core 414 through its center defining an inner perimeter surface 416.
  • First 418 and second 420 interlocking portions are located on inner perimeter surface 416 and extend below bottom surface 404 while remaining flush with top surface 402.
  • Modular post block 400 further includes first 426 and second 428 horizontal reinforcement bar slots in bottom surface 404.
  • Horizontal reinforcement bar slots 426, 428 are designed to receive reinforcement members in order to provide further support and reinforcement to modular post blocks and corresponding wall blocks.
  • Various types of horizontal reinforcement members are known in the art, including rebar, rods, and poles.
  • interlocking portions 418, 420 are shown disposed at the corners of inner perimeter surface 416, they may be located elsewhere along inner perimeter surface 416. If they are located in front of horizontal reinforcement bar slots 426, 428, then they will also be provided with a recess to accept reinforcing members.
  • recesses 422, 424 in the first 410 and second 412 side surfaces of the block could be relocated to provide for a corner post block or an end post block. Additional recesses are also contemplated to provide for more then one reinforcement member.
  • interlocking courses of post blocks are formed by stacking the blocks 100a, 100b on each other and rotating each successive block 180 degrees.
  • Interlocking portions 118, 120, 122 substantially lock the blocks into place, which adds stability to a column of stacked blocks 100a, 100b.
  • interlocking portions 118a, 120a, 122b extend below the surface of each block and into the opening or core of an underlying block. Interlocking portions 118a, 120a fit generally against inner perimeter surface 116b of the underlying block so that shearing forces applied to the sides 110a, 112a, HOb, 112b of either block 100a, 100b will not substantially displace the blocks relative to each other. Further, third interlocking portion 122b of the underlying block 100b fits between first 118a and second 120a interlocking portions of the overlying block 100a such that forces on the front 106a, 106b and rear 108a, 108b surfaces of either block 100a, 100b will riot substantially displace the blocks relative to each other.
  • Modular blocks of the present invention thus result in reduced cost . the manufacturer and the end user and simplify the installation process. Multiple it block variations need not be manufactured, maintained in inventory, purchased, shipped and selected from during installation. Modular post blocks that are asymmetrical, such as corner post block 200 and end post block 300, will require a second, mirror-image block variation in order to create an interlocking column with the recesses aligned. Alternatively, asymmetrical blocks may be provided without interlocking portions so that only one variation of each block is required in order to further reduce manufacturing costs and simplify the wall construction process.
  • a column of modular post blocks 100a, 100b may be further strengthened by providing reinforcement material into the cores of the blocks. Reinforcing the blocks is especially desirable with taller columns of blocks or where stability issues, such as high wind forces, are encountered.
  • One method of reinforcement involves placing reinforcement members 128, such as rebar, vertically downwards into the column at each of the four corners of the opening or core within the column.
  • reinforcement members 128 may be placed anywhere within the core, the greatest strength is achieved by spacing the sections 128 as far apart as possible, which is in the corners. Enhanced strength can therefore be achieved by embodiments of the present invention because the interlocking portions leave the corners of the core unobstructed.
  • the opening in the column may also be filled with concrete 130 or other similar reinforcing material to provide further reinforcement and to hold the reinforcement members in place.
  • the reinforcement members may also be lashed together.
  • the opening in a column of blocks may be filled with cement 130 or other similar reinforcing material, but not with reinforcement members.
  • Modular post blocks may be manufactured to any desired dimension.
  • a preferred size for post blocks is about 18 inches square and about 6 inches tall.
  • the depth of the recesses in the sidewalls to accommodate wall blocks is preferably about 2 inches inwards from the outer portions of the sidewalls.
  • the width of the recess is preferably about 10.5 inches so that it can accommodate the width (thickness) of a wall block.
  • the core or opening is preferably 10 inches side-to-side and 14 inches front-to-back.
  • The-interlocking portions preferably project 1 inch out he inner perimeter surface and are 2 inches wide. Interlocking portions preferably extend 3.625 inches beyond the surface of the block.
  • the proportion of the area of the core to the area of the block is preferably about 0.9/1.
  • Post blocks include a substantially open core which allows for substantial reinforcement to be added, while also retaining the required sufficient structural integrity to the block.
  • Persons of skill in the art will recognize that all of these dimensions are merely preferred and that any one or more dimensions may be varied without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
  • a modular wall block 500 comprises a first portion 502, a second portion 504, and a transverse portion 506 that joins first portion 502 and second portion 504 together.
  • First portion 502 and second portion 504 each comprise respective outer surfaces 524, 526, opposing inner surfaces 528, 530, top surfaces 516, 518, opposing bottom surfaces 520, 522, first side surfaces 532, 534 and opposing second side surfaces 536, 538.
  • Transverse portion 506 spans between the first 502 and second 504 portions at their respective inner surfaces 528, 530.
  • Transverse portion 506 includes a horizontal reinforcement bar slot 508, an interlocking extension 510 and a pair of splitter grooves 542 on its bottom surface 540.
  • the slot 508 bisects the extension 510 in a direction parallel to the width of the block.
  • a splitting groove 542 is further provided to the extension 510 in order to assist in making partial- width or half blocks.
  • Wall blocks may be manufactured to any desired dimension. However, a preferred size for wall blocks is 18 inches long by 6 inches tall. The overall width of the wall block is approximately 10 inches with the transverse portion spanning about 2 3 A inches between the first and second portions.
  • the interlocking extension preferably extends about 3 / 8 inch beyond the outer surface of wall block.
  • the slot is preferably IVz inches deep from the outer limit if the interlocking extension (! 3 /s inch from the block surface). The slot is preferably deep enough to allow the reinforcement member to be located within the boundary of the block's outer surface on the side having the interlocking portion. Alternatively as shown in Fig.
  • the wall blocks may be provided with a recess 511 in the transverse portion in the surface opposite the interlocking portion so that the reinforcement member can be located partially or wholly within the boundary of the block's outer surface on the side opposite the interlocking portion.
  • the recess depth is slightly greater than the dimension of the extension of the interlocking extension, such as Vi inch. In the latter alternatives, the slot depth may be shallower as needed to maintain the reinforcement member at the desired location.
  • Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 depict modular wall blocks 500a, 500b, 500c interlocking with one another.
  • modular wall blocks 500a, 500b are laid side by side such that e surfaces 532a, 534a of a first wall block 500a abut second side surfaces 536b, 538b of a wall black 500b.
  • a cavity 512 is defined by the inner surfaces 528a, 528b, 530a, 530b and transverse portions 506a, 506b of the wall blocks 500a, 500b.
  • a length of rebar 514, or other horizontal reinforcement material, is inserted into the horizontal reinforcement bar slots 508a, 508b of wall blocks 500a, 500b for reinforcement.
  • FIG. 10 there is a single course of a wall section 600 showing the interaction between a modular post block 100 and modular wall blocks 500a, 500b, 500c, 500d.
  • First 500a and second- 500b wall blocks rest within the first 124 and second 126 side recesses of modular post block 100 such that side surfaces 532b, 534b, 536a, 538a of wall blocks 500a, 500b abut side surfaces 1 10, 112 of modular post block 100.
  • Reinforcement members 514 are disposed in wall blocks 500a, 500b, 500c, 500d such that they sit flush up against side surfaces 110, 112 in recesses 124, 126.
  • reinforcement members 514 will sit in horizontal reinforcement bar slots 426, 428 in modular post blocks, forming one continuous bar through each straight section of the wall. Additional courses are added on top for both post blocks and wall blocks in the manner described above.
  • Half blocks can be provided to ensure this offset as is known in the art of block walls.
  • half blocks may be created from whole blocks 500 because blocks 500 are provided with splitter grooves 542 to aid a user in splitting blocks apart, resulting in two half blocks.
  • FIGS. 1 IA- HC depict one exemplary modular wall block system 700 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Modular wall block system 700 consists urality of courses of blocks, utilizing post blocks 100, comer post blocks 200, end post
  • Modular wall block system 700 may be any size or shape and may utilize any combination of post blocks 100, comer post blocks 200, and end post blocks 300.
  • Modular wall block system 700 may also include post cap blocks 702 and wall cap blocks 704 to cover the open areas of the blocks and to provide a finished appearance to the wall.
  • Cap blocks 702, 704 may come in any configuration including flat 704 and crowned 702.
  • Cap blocks 702, 704 may be manufactured or may be blocks of natural stone.
  • Cap blocks 702, 704 may have a fiat bottom surface and simply rest on top of post blocks 100, 200, 300 and wall blocks 500. Adhesive can be used to secure the cap blocks to the top of the wall.
  • post cap blocks 702 can have interlocking portions projecting therefrom similar to those described above for modular post blocks 100, 200, 300.
  • wall cap blocks 704 may be provided with interlocking portions such as those provided to wall blocks 500.
  • Vertical reinforcement members such as rebar or a post, may also be used to anchor the wall system 700 to the ground or other base or foundation on which the wall sits. Vertical reinforcement members may be directly embedded into the ground. Alternatively, post blocks may rest on concrete foundations, as is known in the art. Where post blocks rest on a concrete foundation, vertical reinforcement members may be threaded into the concrete foundation to anchor the wall.
  • modular post blocks and wall blocks of the present invention are preferably made from a rugged, weather resistant material, such as concrete, for high strength and durability in outdoor applications.
  • modular post blocks may be made of numerous other materials, for example, plastic, fiberglass, wood, metal, or stone.
  • Modular post and wall blocks are most preferably manufactured using the so called dry-cast manufacturing method known in the art.
  • the material composition for such process generally comprises sand, aggregate, cement, fly ash and, optionally, selected admixtures. Persons having skill in the art of dry-cast concrete block manufacture understand that material mixtures can be varied to meet a variety of performance requirements.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Fencing (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un bloc poteau modulaire qui peut comprendre un noyau situé dans le corps du bloc ainsi que trois parties à emboîter disposées sur la surface du périmètre interne de chaque bloc et faisant saillie vers l'extérieur depuis la surface inférieure ou supérieure de chaque bloc. La première et la deuxième partie à emboîter sont disposées sur une surface du périmètre interne tandis que la troisième partie est située sur le côté opposé. Les blocs peuvent être empilés dans une colonne en faisant tourner horizontalement chaque bloc successif de 180 degrés. Les parties à emboîter d'un premier bloc font saillie dans le noyau d'un second bloc, la troisième partie à emboîter du premier bloc s'insérant au moins partiellement entre deux parties à emboîter du second bloc adjacent.
PCT/US2007/005805 2007-03-06 2007-03-06 Bloc de béton pour formation de colonnes WO2008108765A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2007/005805 WO2008108765A1 (fr) 2007-03-06 2007-03-06 Bloc de béton pour formation de colonnes

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2007/005805 WO2008108765A1 (fr) 2007-03-06 2007-03-06 Bloc de béton pour formation de colonnes

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008108765A1 true WO2008108765A1 (fr) 2008-09-12

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PCT/US2007/005805 WO2008108765A1 (fr) 2007-03-06 2007-03-06 Bloc de béton pour formation de colonnes

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WO (1) WO2008108765A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USD992151S1 (en) 2021-03-30 2023-07-11 Mortarless Technologies, Llc Retaining wall block
USD1017838S1 (en) 2021-07-13 2024-03-12 Mortarless Technologies Llc Retaining wall block

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3292331A (en) * 1964-01-24 1966-12-20 Carl R Sams Interlocking blocks and wall construction
US5428933A (en) * 1994-02-14 1995-07-04 Philippe; Michel Insulating construction panel or block
US5934035A (en) * 1996-09-09 1999-08-10 Anker Brick Pillars Ltd. Modular pillar
US7174687B2 (en) * 2003-12-12 2007-02-13 Fsn Research Llc Web offset lug dry-stack system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3292331A (en) * 1964-01-24 1966-12-20 Carl R Sams Interlocking blocks and wall construction
US5428933A (en) * 1994-02-14 1995-07-04 Philippe; Michel Insulating construction panel or block
US5934035A (en) * 1996-09-09 1999-08-10 Anker Brick Pillars Ltd. Modular pillar
US7174687B2 (en) * 2003-12-12 2007-02-13 Fsn Research Llc Web offset lug dry-stack system

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USD992151S1 (en) 2021-03-30 2023-07-11 Mortarless Technologies, Llc Retaining wall block
USD1017838S1 (en) 2021-07-13 2024-03-12 Mortarless Technologies Llc Retaining wall block

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