WO2008105702A1 - A single-use toilet in the form of a bag - Google Patents

A single-use toilet in the form of a bag Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008105702A1
WO2008105702A1 PCT/SE2007/050914 SE2007050914W WO2008105702A1 WO 2008105702 A1 WO2008105702 A1 WO 2008105702A1 SE 2007050914 W SE2007050914 W SE 2007050914W WO 2008105702 A1 WO2008105702 A1 WO 2008105702A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bag
use toilet
toilet according
urea
sufficient
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE2007/050914
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Anders Wilhelmson
Original Assignee
Peepoople Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Peepoople Ab filed Critical Peepoople Ab
Priority to EP07852186A priority Critical patent/EP2117399A1/en
Priority to CA2679950A priority patent/CA2679950C/en
Priority to CN2007800519308A priority patent/CN101631493B/en
Priority to JP2009551965A priority patent/JP5016064B2/en
Priority to BRPI0721245-3A priority patent/BRPI0721245A2/en
Priority to US12/529,149 priority patent/US20100050334A1/en
Publication of WO2008105702A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008105702A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
    • A47K11/00—Closets without flushing; Urinals without flushing; Chamber pots; Chairs with toilet conveniences or specially adapted for use with toilets
    • A47K11/02—Dry closets, e.g. incinerator closets
    • A47K11/03—Dry closets, e.g. incinerator closets having means for adding powder, e.g. earth
    • A47K11/035—Dry closets, e.g. incinerator closets having means for adding powder, e.g. earth with chemical solvents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
    • A47K11/00—Closets without flushing; Urinals without flushing; Chamber pots; Chairs with toilet conveniences or specially adapted for use with toilets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
    • A47K11/00—Closets without flushing; Urinals without flushing; Chamber pots; Chairs with toilet conveniences or specially adapted for use with toilets
    • A47K11/02—Dry closets, e.g. incinerator closets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
    • A47K11/00—Closets without flushing; Urinals without flushing; Chamber pots; Chairs with toilet conveniences or specially adapted for use with toilets
    • A47K11/02—Dry closets, e.g. incinerator closets
    • A47K11/03—Dry closets, e.g. incinerator closets having means for adding powder, e.g. earth
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a single-use toilet.
  • Pathogenic micro-organisms such as bacteria, viruses and parasites
  • the most important reason for the introduction of toilet systems is that the faecal-oral infection pathway is in this manner broken.
  • the present invention solves this problem by offering a single-use toilet.
  • the present invention thus relates to a single-use toilet intended to be used for urination and defecation, and it is characterised in that the single-use toilet is in the form of a bag (1) of a size sufficient such that it can be used for relieving oneself, in that the bag (1) can be sealed after use, in that the bag (1) is made from an essentially gas- tight material that is not permeable to fluid, in that the bag (1) contains urea (8) in an amount that is sufficient to inactivate intestinal pathogenic micro-organisms such as bacteria, viruses, parasites, etc., in that the bag (1) is made from a material (5, 6, 7) that is biodegradable, and in that the biodegradable material (5, 6, 7) is not permeable to fluid during the period that is required in order to inactivate micro-organisms such as bacteria, viruses, parasites, etc., in the excrement by means of the said urea.
  • Figure Ia shows a bag according to the invention in a condition ready for use
  • Figures Ib-Id are a sequence showing how the bag is un- folded in order to achieve the form shown in Figure 1, - Figure 2 shows schematically a cross-section of the bag when in its folded condition,
  • Figure 3 shows the bag according to Figure Ia from above
  • - Figure 4 shows schematically and at a larger scale a cross-section of the wall of the bag according to one embodiment .
  • a single-use toilet according to the invention intended to be used for urination and defecation is described below.
  • the single-use toilet is in the form of a bag 1 of a size sufficient such that it can be used for relieving oneself.
  • a bag is shown in Figure Ia in a side view.
  • the bag is shown in Figure Ib in a folded condition, corresponding to how conventional paper bags are folded before use.
  • Figure Ic shows how a flap 2 has been unfolded
  • Figure Id shows how a second flap 3 has been unfolded. The user subsequently puts one hand down into the bag such that also the side walls of the bag are unfolded.
  • Figure 2 shows a cross-section of a folded bag. The approximate appearance from above of the bag after it has been unfolded is shown in Figure 3.
  • the bag can be sealed after the user has relieved himself or herself.
  • the bag is made from an essentially gas-tight material that is impermeable for fluid.
  • the bag contains the compound urea (CO (NH 2 ) 2) in an amount that is sufficient to inactivate pathogenic bacteria, viruses, etc., in the excrement.
  • the bag is made from a biodegradable material.
  • a biodegradable material is to be selected that is not permeable to fluid during the period that is required to inactivate pathogenic bacteria, viruses, parasites, etc., in the excrement by means of the said urea.
  • a sufficient amount of urea is 2-4 g per bag, but this amount can be adapted as required. It is possible that suitable auxiliary chemicals can be added in order to increase the inactivation process.
  • ammonia is a compound that inactivates micro-organisms at high concentrations. At the same time, nitrogen in the form of ammonia is an important fertilising agent.
  • the process of hygienisation should typically take 9-14 days.
  • the bag is sealed after the user has relieved himself or herself, after which pathogenic bacteria and viruses, para- sites, etc., are inactivated before the wall material of the bag decomposes.
  • the wall material has decomposed to such an extent that the excrement can leak out, thus, the excrement is not harmful and can be used as fertilising agent in cultivation .
  • the bag has a length that is sufficient such that it will be possible to seal the bag 1 with a knot around itself at the opening region of the bag.
  • the bag has a length that is sufficient such that it will be possible to seal the bag 1 at the opening region of the bag 1 with a string 4 or its equivalent that is attached to the bag.
  • a string 4 has been suggested with dashed lines in Figure 1.
  • the bag is made from a material from the group of polysaccharides, for example starch, amylopectin, amylose, cellulose derivatives, chi- tin/chitosan, alginate, carrageenan and aliphatic polyesters, for example poly- ⁇ -caprolactone, polylactide, polyglycolide, polyadipine acid and polyhydroxycanoates .
  • polysaccharides for example starch, amylopectin, amylose, cellulose derivatives, chi- tin/chitosan, alginate, carrageenan and aliphatic polyesters, for example poly- ⁇ -caprolactone, polylactide, polyglycolide, polyadipine acid and polyhydroxycanoates .
  • pro- teins and polyolefines for example polyethene, with suitable known additives can be used.
  • the bag is made from a material that is a laminate of two or three of the said materials.
  • the bag is made from a material that is a copolymer and/or a polymer mixture of two or more of the said materials.
  • the bag can be made as a combination of laminate, copolymers and/or polymer mixtures.
  • Figure 4 shows an illustration of a cross-section through the wall of the bag.
  • the layer denoted by the reference number 5 is a moisture barrier.
  • the layer denoted by 6 is a gas barrier, and the layer denoted by 7 is a moisture barrier.
  • urea is applied onto essentially the complete inner surface of the bag.
  • Urea forms in this manner a sufficiently thick layer on the inner surface of the bag as is illustrated in Figure 4 with the layer 8, such that it will be possible to achieve the inactivation mentioned above.
  • urea is present in the bag, in the form of, for example, a granulate or a powder .
  • the form of the bag can be altered such that it has a circular cross-section with a funnel-shaped upper part when in its unfolded condition.
  • the funnel-shaped upper part can be sufficiently wide that the user can hold the bag and fold down the upper part of the funnel over the hand with which the user is holding the bag.
  • the bag may have any suitable form at all for its purpose, and the forms specified above are for this reason only embodiments given for the purpose of exemplification .
  • the strength of the bag can be varied through the thickness of the wall.
  • the bag may also have a non- constant thickness, where, for example, the part of the bag that is open and that is held by the user has a greater wall thickness than the upper part of the bag.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Non-Flushing Toilets (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)

Abstract

A single-use toilet intended to be used for relieving one- self. The invention is characterised in that the single-use toilet is in the form of a bag (1) of a size sufficient to be used for relieving oneself, in that the bag (1) can be sealed after use, in that the bag (1) is made from an essentially gas-tight material that is impermeable to fluid, in that the bag (1) contains urea (8) in an amount sufficient to inactivate intestinal pathogenic micro-organisms, such as bacteria, viruses, parasites, etc., in that the bag (1) is made from a material (5, 6, 7) that is biodegradable, and in that the biodegradable material (5, 6, 7) is impermeable for fluid during the period that is required to inactivate micro- organisms, such as bacteria, viruses, parasites, etc., in the excrement by means of the said urea.

Description

A single-use toilet in the form of a bag
The present invention relates to a single-use toilet.
It is only a small minority of the population of the world that has access to toilets and to clean water, and the lack of these makes it difficult to maintain a good hygienic standard.
One problem in this context is that it is often not possible to arrange infrastructure such that toilets can be built or installed in the regions in which toilets are lacking.
Pathogenic micro-organisms, such as bacteria, viruses and parasites, are spread to, among other targets, water, as a result of open defecation, and the water that people use can in this way easily become contaminated, whereby diseases are spread. This is particularly the case in regions in which the population density is high. The most important reason for the introduction of toilet systems is that the faecal-oral infection pathway is in this manner broken.
The present invention solves this problem by offering a single-use toilet.
The present invention thus relates to a single-use toilet intended to be used for urination and defecation, and it is characterised in that the single-use toilet is in the form of a bag (1) of a size sufficient such that it can be used for relieving oneself, in that the bag (1) can be sealed after use, in that the bag (1) is made from an essentially gas- tight material that is not permeable to fluid, in that the bag (1) contains urea (8) in an amount that is sufficient to inactivate intestinal pathogenic micro-organisms such as bacteria, viruses, parasites, etc., in that the bag (1) is made from a material (5, 6, 7) that is biodegradable, and in that the biodegradable material (5, 6, 7) is not permeable to fluid during the period that is required in order to inactivate micro-organisms such as bacteria, viruses, parasites, etc., in the excrement by means of the said urea.
The invention is described in more detail below, partially in association with an embodiment of the invention shown in the attached drawings, where
Figure Ia shows a bag according to the invention in a condition ready for use,
Figures Ib-Id are a sequence showing how the bag is un- folded in order to achieve the form shown in Figure 1, - Figure 2 shows schematically a cross-section of the bag when in its folded condition,
Figure 3 shows the bag according to Figure Ia from above, - Figure 4 shows schematically and at a larger scale a cross-section of the wall of the bag according to one embodiment .
A single-use toilet according to the invention intended to be used for urination and defecation is described below.
According to the invention, the single-use toilet is in the form of a bag 1 of a size sufficient such that it can be used for relieving oneself. Such a bag is shown in Figure Ia in a side view. The bag is shown in Figure Ib in a folded condition, corresponding to how conventional paper bags are folded before use. Figure Ic shows how a flap 2 has been unfolded, while Figure Id shows how a second flap 3 has been unfolded. The user subsequently puts one hand down into the bag such that also the side walls of the bag are unfolded. Figure 2 shows a cross-section of a folded bag. The approximate appearance from above of the bag after it has been unfolded is shown in Figure 3.
According to the invention, the bag can be sealed after the user has relieved himself or herself. The bag is made from an essentially gas-tight material that is impermeable for fluid.
According to one essential characteristic of the invention, the bag contains the compound urea (CO (NH2) 2) in an amount that is sufficient to inactivate pathogenic bacteria, viruses, etc., in the excrement. According to another essential characteristic of the invention, the bag is made from a biodegradable material. Furthermore, a biodegradable material is to be selected that is not permeable to fluid during the period that is required to inactivate pathogenic bacteria, viruses, parasites, etc., in the excrement by means of the said urea. A sufficient amount of urea is 2-4 g per bag, but this amount can be adapted as required. It is possible that suitable auxiliary chemicals can be added in order to increase the inactivation process.
When urea comes into contact with excrement, it is broken down into ammonia and carbon dioxide, and this leads to an increase in the pH. When the process of hygienisation starts, other biological activity stops. This means that no anaerobic activity takes place in the bag. If an anaerobic activity were to take place in the bag, it is possible that a problem with the production of gas would arise, namely that the gas would develop in such a volume that the bag splits. Ammonia is a compound that inactivates micro-organisms at high concentrations. At the same time, nitrogen in the form of ammonia is an important fertilising agent.
The process of hygienisation should typically take 9-14 days.
Through the present single-use toilet, it is achieved that the bag is sealed after the user has relieved himself or herself, after which pathogenic bacteria and viruses, para- sites, etc., are inactivated before the wall material of the bag decomposes. When the wall material has decomposed to such an extent that the excrement can leak out, thus, the excrement is not harmful and can be used as fertilising agent in cultivation .
According to one preferred embodiment, the bag has a length that is sufficient such that it will be possible to seal the bag 1 with a knot around itself at the opening region of the bag.
According to an alternative preferred embodiment, the bag has a length that is sufficient such that it will be possible to seal the bag 1 at the opening region of the bag 1 with a string 4 or its equivalent that is attached to the bag. A string 4 has been suggested with dashed lines in Figure 1.
According to one preferred design, the bag is made from a material from the group of polysaccharides, for example starch, amylopectin, amylose, cellulose derivatives, chi- tin/chitosan, alginate, carrageenan and aliphatic polyesters, for example poly-Σ-caprolactone, polylactide, polyglycolide, polyadipine acid and polyhydroxycanoates . Furthermore, pro- teins and polyolefines, for example polyethene, with suitable known additives can be used.
According to one embodiment, the bag is made from a material that is a laminate of two or three of the said materials.
According to a further embodiment, the bag is made from a material that is a copolymer and/or a polymer mixture of two or more of the said materials.
The bag can be made as a combination of laminate, copolymers and/or polymer mixtures.
Figure 4 shows an illustration of a cross-section through the wall of the bag. The layer denoted by the reference number 5 is a moisture barrier. The layer denoted by 6 is a gas barrier, and the layer denoted by 7 is a moisture barrier.
According to one preferred embodiment, urea is applied onto essentially the complete inner surface of the bag. Urea forms in this manner a sufficiently thick layer on the inner surface of the bag as is illustrated in Figure 4 with the layer 8, such that it will be possible to achieve the inactivation mentioned above.
According to an alternative embodiment, urea is present in the bag, in the form of, for example, a granulate or a powder .
A number of embodiments have been described above. It is, however, obvious that the form of the bag can be altered such that it has a circular cross-section with a funnel-shaped upper part when in its unfolded condition. Furthermore, the funnel-shaped upper part can be sufficiently wide that the user can hold the bag and fold down the upper part of the funnel over the hand with which the user is holding the bag.
It is obvious that the bag may have any suitable form at all for its purpose, and the forms specified above are for this reason only embodiments given for the purpose of exemplification .
The strength of the bag, furthermore, can be varied through the thickness of the wall. The bag may also have a non- constant thickness, where, for example, the part of the bag that is open and that is held by the user has a greater wall thickness than the upper part of the bag.
The present invention, therefore, is not to be regarded as limited to the embodiments specified above, since it can be varied within the scope specified by the attached patent claims .

Claims

Claims
1. A single-use toilet intended to be used for urination and defecation, characterised in that the single-use toilet is in the form of a bag (1) of a size sufficient to be used for relieving oneself, in that the bag (1) can be sealed after use, in that the bag (1) is made from an essentially gas-tight material that is impermeable to fluid, in that the bag (1) contains urea (8) in an amount sufficient to inactivate intestinal pathogenic micro-organisms, such as bacteria, viruses, parasites, etc., in that the bag (1) is made from a material (5, 6, 7) that is biodegradable, and in that the biodegradable material (5, 6, 7) is impermeable for fluid during the period that is required to inactivate microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, parasites, etc., in the excrement by means of the said urea.
2. A single-use toilet according to claim 1, characterised in that the bag has a length that is sufficient for it to be possible to be sealed with a knot around itself at the opening region of the bag (1) after use.
3. A single-use toilet according to claim 1, characterised in that the bag (1) has a length that is sufficient for it to be possible to be sealed at the opening region of the bag (1) with a string (4) or its equivalent attached to the bag (1) .
4. A single-use toilet according to claims 1, 2 or 3, characterised in that the bag is made from a material from the group of polysaccharides, for example starch, amylopectin, amylose, cellulose derivatives, chitin/chitosan, alginate, carrageenan or aliphatic polyesters, for example poly-ε- caprolactone, polylactide, polyglycolide, polyadipine acid or polyhydroxycanoates, or proteins or polyolefines, such as polyethene, with suitable known additives.
5. A single-use toilet according to claim 4, characterised in that the bag is made from a monomaterial, or in the form of a laminate of two or more of the said materials.
6. A single-use toilet according to claims 4 or 5, characterised in that the bag is made from a material that is a copolymer and/or a polymer mixture of two or more of the said materials.
7. A single-use toilet according to claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, characterised in that urea (8) is applied on essentially the complete inner surface of the bag (1) .
8. A single-use toilet according to claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, characterised in that urea is present in the bag (D •
PCT/SE2007/050914 2007-03-01 2007-11-28 A single-use toilet in the form of a bag WO2008105702A1 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07852186A EP2117399A1 (en) 2007-03-01 2007-11-28 A single-use toilet in the form of a bag
CA2679950A CA2679950C (en) 2007-03-01 2007-11-28 A single-use toilet in the form of a bag
CN2007800519308A CN101631493B (en) 2007-03-01 2007-11-28 A single-use toilet in the form of a bag
JP2009551965A JP5016064B2 (en) 2007-03-01 2007-11-28 Disposable toilet in the form of a bag
BRPI0721245-3A BRPI0721245A2 (en) 2007-03-01 2007-11-28 DISPOSABLE BATHROOM PLANNED TO BE USED FOR URINE AND POOL.
US12/529,149 US20100050334A1 (en) 2007-03-01 2007-11-28 Single-use toilet in the form of a bag

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0700511A SE0700511L (en) 2007-03-01 2007-03-01 Disposable toilet in the form of a bag
SE0700511-9 2007-03-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008105702A1 true WO2008105702A1 (en) 2008-09-04

Family

ID=38814575

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE2007/050914 WO2008105702A1 (en) 2007-03-01 2007-11-28 A single-use toilet in the form of a bag

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US20100050334A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2117399A1 (en)
JP (1) JP5016064B2 (en)
KR (1) KR20090117811A (en)
CN (1) CN101631493B (en)
BR (1) BRPI0721245A2 (en)
CA (1) CA2679950C (en)
SE (1) SE0700511L (en)
WO (1) WO2008105702A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202010010902U1 (en) * 2010-07-31 2010-12-23 Gläßer, Klaus-Dieter Water stop-lock system
WO2014084780A1 (en) * 2012-11-27 2014-06-05 Peepoople Ab A single-use toilet with a bag containing urea

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101665956B1 (en) * 2015-04-14 2016-10-14 허수범 Disposable toilet bag

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US3772712A (en) * 1971-09-01 1973-11-20 C Renn Dry closet
US4938748A (en) * 1988-09-01 1990-07-03 Yum Su I Urinary drainage container comprising external source of biocide

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US20090044325A1 (en) * 2007-08-14 2009-02-19 Sell Timothy L Receptacle with absorbent pack for portable toilets

Patent Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB883069A (en) * 1958-09-09 1961-11-22 Bowater Res & Dev Co Ltd Multiply paper sack with barrier surface
US3772712A (en) * 1971-09-01 1973-11-20 C Renn Dry closet
US4938748A (en) * 1988-09-01 1990-07-03 Yum Su I Urinary drainage container comprising external source of biocide

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202010010902U1 (en) * 2010-07-31 2010-12-23 Gläßer, Klaus-Dieter Water stop-lock system
WO2014084780A1 (en) * 2012-11-27 2014-06-05 Peepoople Ab A single-use toilet with a bag containing urea

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101631493A (en) 2010-01-20
BRPI0721245A2 (en) 2014-03-25
JP2010519980A (en) 2010-06-10
SE529877C2 (en) 2007-12-18
KR20090117811A (en) 2009-11-12
US20100050334A1 (en) 2010-03-04
EP2117399A1 (en) 2009-11-18
CA2679950A1 (en) 2008-09-04
SE0700511L (en) 2007-12-18
JP5016064B2 (en) 2012-09-05
CN101631493B (en) 2011-07-27
CA2679950C (en) 2014-06-17

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