WO2008105684A1 - Réseau wimax incorporant une technique mimo de réseau à réseau - Google Patents

Réseau wimax incorporant une technique mimo de réseau à réseau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008105684A1
WO2008105684A1 PCT/SD2007/000004 SD2007000004W WO2008105684A1 WO 2008105684 A1 WO2008105684 A1 WO 2008105684A1 SD 2007000004 W SD2007000004 W SD 2007000004W WO 2008105684 A1 WO2008105684 A1 WO 2008105684A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mimo
network
architecture
virtual
antenna
Prior art date
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PCT/SD2007/000004
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English (en)
Inventor
Geili Tawfieg Abdalla El Sanousi
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El Sanousi Geili Tawfieg Abdal
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Application filed by El Sanousi Geili Tawfieg Abdal filed Critical El Sanousi Geili Tawfieg Abdal
Publication of WO2008105684A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008105684A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/022—Site diversity; Macro-diversity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/24—Cell structures
    • H04W16/28—Cell structures using beam steering

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to a method to implement MIMO in outdoor network to network communications through creation of artificial multipath (Non Line Of Sight-
  • OFDM Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
  • MIMO OFDM broadband performance
  • a WIMAX architecture with a promise of huge capacity, high data rates and enhanced performance is invented.
  • the architecture is based on the concept of creating artificial NLOS in network to network communications. It uses MIMO-OFDM to provide broadband performance and is comprised of two communication subsystems. One subsystem incorporates single frequency network
  • the SFN frame may alternatively be implemented with sectored architecture.
  • the sectored architecture is basically designed for WI-FI and is licensed to XIRRUS. To the knowledge of the inventor, at the time of this invention, the architecture is undergoing research by Motorola Inc for WIMAX outdoor applications. .
  • the selection of WIMAX 802.16d provide a scalable volume for incorporation of
  • TDD and perfect calibration are improved by the fast optical fiber connection for feedback.
  • the network is designed based on pure geographical allocations rather than cellular technology. It is expected to provide huge capacities and high quality performance at both the access terminals and the end terminals.
  • Figure 1 is a graphical representation of the network signaling hierarchy, showing the three constituent layers of the network hierarchy (BSL, APL and EUL).
  • [Ol lJ Figure 3 is a schematic representation of geographic outlay of the APL constituents.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic representation of the overall network outlay.
  • Figure 5 illustrates the dual mode of operation of the APL when architecture.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of the BSL and APL larges scale system integration.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic representation of the APL- EUL communication model using MIMO-
  • Figure 8 is a schematic representation of Satellite beams in a point to point MIMO link with
  • Figure 9 is a schematic representation of VSAT(s) in a point to point MISO link to a satellite (it can be MIMO if the satellite incorporated MEA).
  • Figure 10 is a schematic representation of the BGAN units' cooperation in a transmit diversity to the satellite.
  • the present disclosure provides an improved wireless communication network benefiting from the spatial dimension introduced in the MIMO Space-Time premise.
  • the disclosure describes a
  • WIMAX 802.16d network architecture although it is understood the approach can be applied to various outdoor networks and would easily lend itself to current trends towards integrating the existing networks into a global unified single network with different operators and MPLS.
  • the network comprises of three categories of end terminals grouped into three layers;
  • BSL Stations Layer
  • APL Access Points Layer
  • EUL End User Layer
  • the BS layer is comprised of a few of number of Base Stations allocated at high altitude points and in the outer circumference of the targeted zone as shown in Fig 2.
  • a Base Station refers to a MIMO-OFDM transceiver unit comprised of a large number of antenna elements M and operating as a very high capacity unit utilizing the highest 802.16d transmission range (31 miles).
  • Each BS has M MIMO-OFDM stream. Its basic functions are beamforming and RF interfacing.
  • the BS(s) are linked to an Access Control Unit (ACU) through a high speed optical fiber connection and cooperate together in transmission/reception and beamforming/beam selection.
  • ACU Access Control Unit
  • the high altitude is because WIMAX uses microwave spectrum and hence require LOS.
  • the ACU does the function of a MlMO-SlJ transceiver of data received/transmitted from the BS(s) via the high speed link.
  • Such jobs include MIMO-OFDM encoding/decoding, MIMO modulation algorithm (SVD or Schmidt and Gram), Channel space time training, channel estimation, beamforming algorithm and TDD calibration and synchronization.
  • the ACU controls the antenna selection and can be used in collision avoidance scheme by forcing specific antenna/beam selections.
  • the ACU has a feedback fast speed optical link with the equivalent Junior ACU(JACU) at the APL for the purpose of fast transmission of CSI (or channel state numbers) and calibration weights.
  • the ACU is as well the gateway of the network to other networks (e.g. PSTN).
  • the APL is comprised of a greater number of AP(s) allocated at points of altitude that maintain the LOS with the BS(s). The allocations are dispersed in the targeted region -Fig 3- (this may follow a symmetrical geometry).
  • An AP refers to a MIMO-OFDM transceiver unit comprised of a smaller number of antenna elements N and N MIMO-OFDM streams. It operates as average capacity unit utilizing the 802.16d 8-10 miles transmission range. More than one AP at a time communicates with a BS, the number is such that the channel matrix in not rank deficient.
  • the method for partitioning arrays into virtual array is used both at BS(s) and AP(s) to benefit from diversity gain, array gain and eliminate rank deficiency in virtual arrays at the BS-AP link where LOS is otherwise prominent.
  • the AP layer acts as a switch between BSL and EUL, therefore it has dual communication algorithms.
  • the frequency set (The uplink and Downlink) used between AP(s)-BS(s) is different from the set between AP(S)-EU(s). This prevents ambiguity in spatial signatures as a result of multipath and long distances. This also provides isolation between the three layers during operation.
  • the AP(s) are linked via high speed optical fiber to the JACU which performs similar tasks to the ACU.
  • the JACU also does the task of switching information streams between BSL and EUL (see Fig 4).
  • the AP-EU communication is achieved by a whereby the AP(s) cooperate in transmission/reception with The JACU processing and dynamic beamforming and a TDMA multiple access scheme.
  • Alternative to this, is implementing sectored architecture at AP-EU while maintaining the AP-BS communication as MIMO-SU (Fig 5). This poses a question on support to mobility, frequency economy and associated handover problems.
  • the mathematical model for the BSL-APL is derived from the general MIMO-OFDM model for a blind channel in "H. Boelcskei, D. Gesbert, and A. Paulraj, "On the capacity of wireless systems employing OFDM-based spatial multiplexing " IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 50, pp. 225—234, Feb. 2002” developed to account for transmitter knowledge of channel (via the feedback link).
  • the channel between the BSL and APL mimics a perfect virtual P2P MIMO system (Fig 6). For each tone there is a corresponding M ⁇ x M R Channel Impulse Response (CIR).
  • CIR Channel Impulse Response
  • the link between the APL and EUL represents a MAC/BC MIMO-MU model (Fig 7).
  • the capacities are defined by sum capacity and capacity region. However, there is a guaranteed linear growth in this sum capacity with increase in number of antenna elements at each terminal (AP(s) or EU elements); hence accommodates more users.
  • the capacity region is a function of u [.]. Equations to estimate the capacity region and sum capacity
  • the link between a BS and an AP maintains LOS. Although both have MEA but the LOS will undermine MIMO multiplexing gain between them (not the large scale integration MIMO).
  • the BS(s) and AP(s) will achieve diversity and array gain by implementing the "method and system for partitioning an antenna array and applying Multi-Input Multi-Output and beamforming mechanism",
  • WIMAX urban network the method can be applied to a variety of networks. Examples for this are enlisted below.
  • Satellite networks communicate to earth in cellular like beams. These beams cover wide geographic areas and are characterised by strong LOS since no scatterers in space. The main loss is attributed to free space loss defined by Friis transmission equation and other attenuation causes.
  • receiving terminals ground stations
  • NLOS NLOS
  • SMS Session Management Function
  • VSAT(s) Very Small Aperture Terminals
  • this technique can be implemented on the condition that the satellite has MEA and is capable of beamforming function. While the number of terminals increases, the allocation of beams becomes bulky. Since not all terminals communicate simultaneously the size of the channel matrix can be fixed and antenna/beam selection technique may be used dynamically. Yet precise channel knowledge will not be needed but rather the beaming algorithm may rely on two 'pointers'; one reference ID of the terminal and its geographical coordinates and the other is a channel state number. At the ground since the VSAT(s) are basically used to eliminate long distance links, the feedback to the processing unit (within Hub) could be wireless. Single frequency networking with OFDM or Direct Spread DS-MIMO in combination with CDMA may be used.
  • DS-MIMO can be used for diversity gain since practical outdoor losses and delays undermine the achievable capacity gain.
  • Another practical advantage of DS-MIMO-CDMA is feasibility of upgrading existing networks since satellites are expensive to upgrade modulation units.
  • the model is generally MIMO-MU where the mobile terminal (point) is the Satellite unit.
  • Fig 9 illustrates the model. If the satellite unit comprises of MEA the model may then become point to point MIMO-SU.
  • BGAN Broadband Global Area Network
  • the technology owned by INMARSAT constellation group has direct LOS communication with satellite and a support repeater earth station which also performs some similar functions to hub in VSAT networks. Exploiting multiplexing gain is not useful Therefore exploiting diversity gain (from the user terminals transmission) will be the better alternative.
  • This will turn the network independent of terrestrial ground station since the control unit will only coordinate the retransmission of data to the satellite. (At present local terrestrial ground stations are used as a link to strengthen user uplink signal). From practical point of view system adaptation to this is likely feasible since recently sent satellite units would have adaptive processing algorithms incorporated.
  • Fig 10 below illustrates the model.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour mettre en œuvre un MIMO dans des communications de réseau à réseau sans fil. Le procédé est incorporé dans une architecture WIMAX prévue pour des services à large bande de macrocellules. Le réseau MIMO est effectué à travers de multiples trajets virtuels créés par une intégration à grande échelle des terminaux RF de réseau en tant qu'unités d'antenne virtuelle. L'architecture WIMAX est organisée en trois couches : des stations de base, des points d'accès et des utilisateurs finaux. Le procédé est déployé dans une communication entre ces couches (utilisateurs finaux/points d'accès dans un modèle MIMO-MU et points d'accès/station de base dans un modèle MIMO-SU). La couche de points d'accès agit par conséquent comme interface entre les deux couches. L'architecture déploie la trame de bande de base SFN-MIMO-OFDM et utilise une réponse à liaison rapide entre les processeurs MIMO pour améliorer une TDD.
PCT/SD2007/000004 2007-02-28 2007-09-22 Réseau wimax incorporant une technique mimo de réseau à réseau WO2008105684A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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SD209807 2007-02-28
SD2098 2007-02-28

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2477978A (en) * 2010-02-22 2011-08-24 Deltenna Ltd An access point performs MIMO communication with beam selection based on throughput measurements for different beam direction combinations
US20220045422A1 (en) * 2017-05-19 2022-02-10 Starry, Inc. Pointing Algorithm for Endpoint Nodes

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005064872A1 (fr) * 2003-12-30 2005-07-14 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Procede et systeme pour des reseaux de communication sans fil utilisant les relais de cooperation
US20050192037A1 (en) * 2004-01-29 2005-09-01 Qualcomm Incorporated Distributed hierarchical scheduling in an AD hoc network
EP1592185A1 (fr) * 2004-04-30 2005-11-02 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Appareil et procede pour l'implementation de MIMO antennes virtuelles dans un reseau ad hoc mobile (MANET)
US20060120477A1 (en) * 2004-12-07 2006-06-08 Adaptix, Inc. Cooperative MIMO in multicell wireless networks

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005064872A1 (fr) * 2003-12-30 2005-07-14 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Procede et systeme pour des reseaux de communication sans fil utilisant les relais de cooperation
US20050192037A1 (en) * 2004-01-29 2005-09-01 Qualcomm Incorporated Distributed hierarchical scheduling in an AD hoc network
EP1592185A1 (fr) * 2004-04-30 2005-11-02 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Appareil et procede pour l'implementation de MIMO antennes virtuelles dans un reseau ad hoc mobile (MANET)
US20060120477A1 (en) * 2004-12-07 2006-06-08 Adaptix, Inc. Cooperative MIMO in multicell wireless networks

Non-Patent Citations (2)

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Title
DOHLER M ET AL: "Virtual antenna arrays for future wireless mobile communication systems", PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TELECOMMUNICATIONSICT, XX, XX, vol. 2, 23 June 2002 (2002-06-23), pages 501 - 505, XP009089922 *
TAKATORI Y ET AL: "Channel Capacity of TDD-OFDM-MIMO for Multiple Access Points in a Wireless Single-Frequency-Network", WIRELESS PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS, KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS, DO, vol. 35, no. 1-2, 1 October 2005 (2005-10-01), pages 19 - 33, XP019271936, ISSN: 1572-834X *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2477978A (en) * 2010-02-22 2011-08-24 Deltenna Ltd An access point performs MIMO communication with beam selection based on throughput measurements for different beam direction combinations
US20220045422A1 (en) * 2017-05-19 2022-02-10 Starry, Inc. Pointing Algorithm for Endpoint Nodes

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