WO2008092343A1 - Procédé et dispositif de charge de pile - Google Patents
Procédé et dispositif de charge de pile Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008092343A1 WO2008092343A1 PCT/CN2007/070619 CN2007070619W WO2008092343A1 WO 2008092343 A1 WO2008092343 A1 WO 2008092343A1 CN 2007070619 W CN2007070619 W CN 2007070619W WO 2008092343 A1 WO2008092343 A1 WO 2008092343A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- charging
- voltage
- threshold voltage
- current
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/0071—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage with a programmable schedule
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to battery technology, and more particularly to a battery charging method and apparatus. Background of the invention
- the existing lithium battery adopts a constant current and constant voltage charging mode, and when the charging is completed, the battery is floated.
- the specific charging principle is shown in FIG. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the existing charging principle. It can be seen from Fig. 1 that in the process of charging the battery, the battery is first subjected to constant current charging, and when the charging voltage reaches the charging limit voltage, the constant current charging is ended and the constant voltage charging is performed; when the constant voltage charging is completed, The battery is floated using a float voltage.
- the battery may enter the discharge process, and then a new round of constant current and constant voltage charging may be performed, and as shown in the above, the current lithium battery charging method will cause the charging voltage to be long, however, based on The characteristics of the lithium battery, the charging limit voltage is usually the highest voltage that the lithium battery can withstand.
- the long-term charging limit voltage will definitely reduce the battery life and affect the safety of the battery.
- the long-term floating charge is very likely to cause the lithium battery to pass. Charging will also significantly reduce the battery life and seriously affect the safety of the battery. Summary of the invention
- Embodiments of the present invention provide a battery charging method capable of extending battery life and improving battery safety.
- Embodiments of the present invention provide a battery charging device capable of extending battery life and improving battery safety.
- the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is implemented as follows:
- a battery charging method comprising:
- the battery is charged by the constant current charging mode, and the constant current charging is ended when the battery terminal voltage reaches the charging threshold voltage, the charging threshold voltage is less than the charging limit voltage; and the constant voltage charging mode using the voltage is the charging threshold voltage is the battery Charging, the constant voltage charging is ended when the charging current reaches the charging cutoff current.
- a battery charging device comprising: a central processing unit and a charge and discharge control unit; wherein
- the central processing unit is configured to acquire and send a charging threshold voltage and a battery operating parameter to the charging and discharging control unit, where the charging threshold voltage is less than a charging limit voltage; and the charging and discharging control unit is configured to receive according to
- the charging threshold voltage and the battery operating parameter are constant current charging of the battery, and ending the constant current charging when the battery terminal voltage reaches the charging threshold voltage, and adopting a constant voltage charging mode in which the voltage is the charging threshold voltage Charge the battery.
- the battery charging method and device provided by the embodiments of the present invention prevent the battery from being at a relatively high voltage for a long time during the charging process, which can significantly reduce the deterioration of the electrode material in the battery; The service life is significantly extended and the battery safety is effectively improved.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional charging principle
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a charging principle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method of the present invention.
- 4 is a schematic structural diagram and a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of realizing "four remotes" for a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of management of a battery pack module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a connection manner between a plurality of battery pack modules according to an embodiment of the present invention. Mode for carrying out the invention
- the battery is charged by the constant current charging mode, and the constant current charging is ended when the battery terminal voltage reaches the charging threshold voltage, the charging threshold voltage is less than the charging limit voltage; and the voltage is the constant voltage of the charging threshold voltage.
- the charging method is charging the battery, and the constant voltage charging is ended when the charging current reaches the charging cutoff current.
- the battery charging device includes a central processing unit and a charge and discharge control unit.
- the central processing unit acquires and sends the charging threshold voltage and the battery operating parameter to the charging and discharging control unit; the charging threshold voltage is less than the charging limit voltage; and the charging and discharging control unit performs the battery according to the received charging threshold voltage and the battery operating parameter.
- the constant current is charged, and the constant current charging is ended when the battery terminal voltage reaches the charging threshold voltage, and the battery is charged by the constant voltage charging method in which the voltage is the charging threshold voltage.
- Embodiments of the present invention can be applied to lithium batteries, and can also be applied to other types of batteries.
- the battery battery pack is usually composed of one or more single cells, and the battery pack and the single battery can be collectively referred to as a battery. Since the basic entity for charging is usually a single battery, the battery hereinafter referred to generally means a single battery unless otherwise specified.
- the charging threshold voltage of the commonly used cathode material LiFeP0 4 and the cathode material non-LiFeP0 4 is usually different, such as:
- the cathode material LiFeP0 4 type charging threshold voltage can be 3.550V or 3.450V, and the cathode material is not LiFeP0 4 type.
- the charging threshold voltage can be 4.100V or 4.000V.
- the positive electrode material LiFeP0 type 4 lithium battery refers to a lithium ion battery whose positive electrode material is LiFeP0 4 ;
- the positive electrode material non-LiFeP04 lithium battery refers to a lithium ion battery other than the positive electrode material of LiFeP0 4 .
- cathode materials commonly used are Li-Ni-Mn-Co (ternary system), Li-Ni-Mn-Co-X (quaternary system), modified LiMn 2 0 4 and modified LiCo0 2 .
- the charging threshold voltage of the entire battery battery pack can be determined.
- the specific determination method is: multiplying the charging threshold voltage of the single battery by the number of single cells connected in series with the entire battery battery pack. , the result of the multiplication is taken as the charging threshold voltage of the entire battery pack.
- the charging method in the embodiment of the present invention is constant current constant voltage charging, but the specific charging process is different from the prior art.
- the battery needs to be charged by the constant current charging method.
- the constant current charging is ended.
- the constant voltage charging mode with the voltage of the charging threshold voltage is used to charge the battery, and when the charging current reaches the charging state.
- the constant voltage charging is ended when the current is off.
- the charging current when the battery is charged by the constant current charging method can be determined by the prior art.
- the current common equalization charging control mode is applied to the single cells connected in series in the battery pack; wherein the set values of the different positive battery balance chargings are respectively in accordance with the existing balanced charging setting values in the industry.
- the battery terminal voltage referred to herein generally refers to the terminal voltage of the single battery, and when the terminal voltage of the single battery reaches the charging threshold voltage of the single battery, the constant current charging for the single battery is ended; when the battery terminal voltage When referring to the terminal voltage of the entire battery pack, it is necessary to end the constant current charging for the battery pack when the terminal voltage of the entire battery pack reaches the charge threshold of the battery pack.
- the battery terminal voltage refers to the terminal voltage of the single battery
- the charging threshold voltage of the single battery is used for constant voltage charging of the single battery; when the battery terminal voltage refers to the terminal voltage of the entire battery battery pack, it is ensured that the charging threshold voltage of the battery battery pack is applied to perform constant voltage charging on the battery battery pack.
- the charge cut-off current is generally equal to 0.01 C 3 .
- the floating charging operation applied in the prior art is not performed, but the battery is placed in an open state. After that, the battery may be self-discharged or powered.
- the battery when the battery has an arbitrary voltage value, for example, when the voltage value falls below 90%, 85%, or even 10% of the full voltage, the battery is subjected to the next round of charging by applying the constant current and constant voltage method of the embodiment of the present invention. operating.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a charging principle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the T1 and T3 processes include a constant current charging process and a constant voltage charging process.
- the process in which the voltage rises in a curve is a constant current charging process, and the process of maintaining the voltage level is a constant voltage charging process;
- T1 is a charging process after the battery is discharged externally
- T3 is a charging process after self-discharging of the battery;
- T2 is The self-discharge process of the battery after the battery is placed in an open state, and T4 is the external discharge process of the battery.
- the battery in the process of charging the battery, the battery is charged by the constant current charging mode, and the constant current charging is ended when the battery terminal voltage reaches the charging threshold voltage.
- the constant voltage charging mode for charging the threshold voltage charges the battery, and the constant voltage charging is ended when the charging current reaches the charging cutoff current.
- the battery can then be left in an open state.
- the battery can be subjected to the next charging operation by applying the constant current and constant voltage method of the embodiment of the present invention when the battery has an arbitrary voltage value.
- the charging floor can also be set, and the battery is subjected to the next charging operation only when the battery voltage is lower than the charging floor.
- Figure 3 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the method of the present invention. As shown in Figure 3, the following steps are included:
- Step 310 Determine a charging threshold voltage that is less than the charging limit voltage when the battery is charged.
- Step 320 Charging the battery by using a constant current charging mode, and ending the constant current charging when the battery terminal voltage reaches the charging threshold voltage.
- Step 330 The battery is charged by a constant voltage charging method in which the voltage is a charging threshold voltage, and the constant voltage charging is ended when the charging current reaches the charging off current.
- Step 340 Place the battery in an open state.
- the battery After the constant voltage charging is completed, the battery can be placed in an open state. After that, the battery may be self-discharged or powered.
- the battery charging method of the embodiment of the present invention applies a charging threshold voltage that is smaller than the current charging limit voltage to charge the battery; and, when the charging is completed, the battery is not floated, but the battery is placed. It is in an open state. In this way, the battery does not stay at a higher voltage for a long time during charging, which can significantly reduce the deterioration of the electrode material in the battery, thereby significantly prolonging the service life of the battery, and effectively improving the safety of the battery.
- the above detection may include one or more of the following: detection of internal resistance of the battery, detection of ambient temperature of the battery operation, detection of temperature of each device for managing battery charging, detection of battery temperature, etc. .
- functions such as sensors, protection chips, critical circuits, and key devices related to battery charging can be monitored, and the operating states of the devices can be determined based on the monitoring results, so that the faulty devices and functionally degraded devices can be found and updated in time.
- “Four remote” refers to the remote communication, remote control, telemetry and remote adjustment of the battery.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram and a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a device according to the present invention.
- the battery unit 418 is connected to the charging and discharging control unit 419, and the central processing unit 421 is connected to the charging and discharging control unit 419 and the upper computer 460, wherein the central processing unit 421 is connected to the upper computer 460 through the communication interface 422;
- the battery pack 418 is connected to the central processing unit 421 through a detecting unit.
- the detecting unit generally includes a current detecting unit 414 and a voltage detecting unit 415. Of course, it may further include an internal resistance detecting unit 416, an ambient temperature detecting unit 411, a battery management system (BMS) temperature detecting unit 412, and a battery pack temperature detecting unit 413. And so on, even further including the key device self-diagnosis unit 417.
- BMS battery management system
- BMSs The above-mentioned devices are generally referred to as BMSs. These devices are generally disposed on the same board. Of course, they can also be set on different boards.
- an energy supply unit 430 and a load 440 respectively connected to the charge and discharge control unit 419 may be provided.
- the energy supply unit 430 is connected to the upper computer 460 via the communication interface 450, and the upper computer 460 may be further connected to the central office 470.
- the detection unit can implement a corresponding detection and reporting function, such as: the ambient temperature detecting unit 411 is used to detect the ambient temperature of the battery operation, and report the detected temperature to the central processing unit 421;
- the BMS temperature detecting unit 412 is configured to detect the highest and lowest temperatures of different positions on the BMS board, and report the detected temperature to the central processing unit 421;
- the battery temperature detecting unit 413 is configured to detect the highest and highest temperature of the battery pack at different positions, and report the detected temperature to the central processing unit 421;
- the current detecting unit 414 and the voltage detecting unit 415 are respectively used for detecting the current and voltage of the battery pack and the unit cells contained therein, and respectively reporting the detected current and voltage to the central processing unit 421;
- the internal resistance detecting unit 416 is used for detecting and calculating the internal resistance of the battery pack, and reporting the detection and calculation results to the central processing unit 421;
- the key device self-diagnosis unit 417 is used to monitor various sensors, protection chips, critical circuits, and key devices related to battery charging, and report the monitoring results to the central processing unit 421.
- the central processing unit 421 is generally implemented by a single chip microcomputer, an intelligent charging control chip, etc., and can be programmed according to the application scenario, can collect the battery operating parameters detected by the detecting unit, and determine the charging threshold voltage and the charging cutoff according to the collected battery operating parameters.
- the battery or the like is charged, and the charge and discharge control unit 419 is charged to charge the battery pack 418 according to the determined charge threshold voltage and charge cutoff current.
- the central processing unit 421 sends the battery operating parameter and the determined charging threshold voltage and the charging cutoff current to the charging and discharging control unit 419, and the charging and discharging control unit 419 according to the received battery operating parameter, the charging threshold voltage, and the charging cutoff current.
- the charging operation shown in FIG. 3 is performed for the battery pack 418.
- the central processing unit 421 can also implement the following functions: whether it is normal, and over-protection of the BMS when necessary; determining whether the working state of the battery pack 418 is normal or not according to the detection result from the battery pack temperature detecting unit 413 When the battery pack 418 is over-temperature protected; according to the current detecting unit 414 and the voltage detecting unit 415, it is determined whether the working state of the battery pack 418 is normal and whether it is over-voltage or owed. Pressurization, overcurrent, etc., and overvoltage, undervoltage, and overcurrent protection of the battery pack 418 when necessary; determining the remaining service life of the battery pack 418 based on the detection result from the internal resistance detecting unit 416.
- the central processing unit 421 may send the detection result from the detection unit to the upper computer 460 through the communication interface 422, and may report the determination result obtained by the detection result according to the detection result to the upper computer 460; in addition, the energy supply unit 430 may also The power supply situation of the self is given to the host computer 460.
- the host computer 460 can determine the machine room 470 from the central processing unit 421.
- the central equipment room 470 can generate a new charging threshold voltage and a charging cutoff current according to its own logic, and send the generated charging threshold voltage and charging cutoff current to the central processing unit 421, so that the central processing unit 421 can charge the charging threshold voltage and the charging cutoff current.
- the charging/discharging control unit 419 is sent to the charging/discharging control unit 419 to perform the charging operation shown in FIG. 3 for the battery pack 418 based on the received charging threshold voltage and charging cutoff current.
- the above communication interface 422 and communication interface 450 can be implemented by RS232/422/485 interface, dry contact, Can bus, and the like.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of realizing "four remotes" for a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the central equipment room 470 is connected to the upper computer 460 through a service line, such as a twisted pair cable, an optical fiber, etc., and the upper computer 460 obtains the state quantity, the environmental quantity, and the quantity of the battery pack 418 through the central processing unit 421 shown in FIG.
- the alarm amount is sent to the central office 470.
- the central office 470 can perform local or remote on-line detection and control of the battery pack 418 to effectively detect and control the status, environmental, and alarm amounts of the battery pack 418.
- the state quantity includes: battery charge and discharge state, capacity, voltage, current, and the like.
- the environmental quantities include: battery temperature, ambient temperature, BMS temperature, cell temperature Wait.
- the alarm amount includes: polarity reverse alarm, battery charging overvoltage alarm, battery undervoltage alarm, battery discharge current alarm, battery charging current alarm, battery high temperature alarm, battery environment high temperature alarm, battery capacity low alarm, battery temperature Sensor failure alarm, battery voltage sensor failure alarm, battery current sensor failure alarm, single battery high temperature alarm, single battery charging over voltage alarm, single battery discharge under voltage alarm, single battery charging over current alarm, and single battery discharge Overcurrent alarms, etc.
- the above state quantity, environmental quantity and alarm quantity are very rich, and include the above battery operating parameters.
- the above-mentioned battery charging, detection, monitoring, and management operations such as "four remotes" can be performed not only for a single battery pack module but for a plurality of battery pack modules.
- a battery pack containing BMS can be referred to as a battery pack module.
- the principle of management operations for multiple sets of battery pack modules is shown in Figure 6.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of management of a battery pack module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the battery module of the battery pack module has a communication autonomous identification unit connected between the central processing unit 421 and the communication interface 422.
- the communication self-identification unit is used for Each set of battery packs is identified and supports communication between the central processing unit and the host computer 460 in the battery pack module in which it is located based on proper identification.
- the communication self-identification unit may not be provided in each battery pack module, but only one communication self-identification unit shared by all battery pack modules may be provided, and the shared communication self-identification unit pairs A single set of battery packs is identified and communication between the central processing unit and the host computer 460 in each battery pack module is supported based on proper identification.
- the communication autonomous identification unit provided in each battery pack module may be referred to as an exclusive communication autonomous identification unit, and the communication autonomous identification unit shared by all battery pack modules may be referred to as a shared communication autonomous identification unit.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the connection between a plurality of battery pack modules in the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 7, each battery pack module is connected in parallel with each other; and, each of the battery pack modules is connected in parallel with the load 440, and is also connected in parallel with the energy supply unit 430, and all the battery pack modules are also connected in series through the communication interface.
- the host computer 460 can adjust the current required for charging according to the aggregated whole and the state quantities of the individual battery packs.
- the upper computer 460 can also implement the alarm and the last level of redundancy protection according to the aggregated environment and the environmental quantity, protection and alarm quantity of each unit battery group, and cut off the energy input when a certain alarm level is reached.
- the communication autonomous identification unit serving the battery module can send a fault alarm to the upper machine 460; of course, the communication failure inside a battery module does not affect the communication autonomy.
- the identification unit transmits the relevant parameters of the other battery modules that are working normally to the upper machine 460.
- the battery charging method and device provided by the embodiments of the present invention can prolong the service life of the battery and improve the safety of the battery.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Procédé de charge de pile. Selon le procédé de cette invention, une pile est chargée avec un courant constant. Lorsque la tension de la pile atteint une tension critique de charge, la charge de courant constant prend fin, ladite tension critique de charge étant inférieure à la tension de charge limitée. La charge de tension constante au moyen de la tension critique de charge est alors réalisée. Lorsque le courant de charge atteint un courant de fin de charge, la charge de tension constante est terminée. Cette invention a aussi pour objet un dispositif de charge de pile. Au moyen du procédé et du dispositif de charge de la pile, la durée de vie de la pile peut être accrue et la sécurité de celle-ci améliorée.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN200710000393.6 | 2007-01-25 | ||
CN200710000393 | 2007-01-25 | ||
CN200710087286.1 | 2007-03-21 | ||
CN2007100872861A CN101232110B (zh) | 2007-01-25 | 2007-03-21 | 电池充电方法和装置 |
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WO2008092343A1 true WO2008092343A1 (fr) | 2008-08-07 |
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PCT/CN2007/070619 WO2008092343A1 (fr) | 2007-01-25 | 2007-09-04 | Procédé et dispositif de charge de pile |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN112271765A (zh) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-26 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | 一种用于航天器的锂离子蓄电池组过充电保护方法 |
CN117523940A (zh) * | 2024-01-08 | 2024-02-06 | 深圳风向标教育资源股份有限公司 | 动力电池管理系统及实训教学平台 |
CN117872025A (zh) * | 2024-03-11 | 2024-04-12 | 天津普兰能源科技有限公司 | 一种电容器自放电挑选方法、系统及一致性检测方法 |
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CN1858963A (zh) * | 2005-04-30 | 2006-11-08 | 华为技术有限公司 | 手机充电电路及充电方法 |
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JP2000166102A (ja) * | 1998-11-20 | 2000-06-16 | Yamatake Corp | バックアップ方法およびバックアップ装置 |
EP1246336A2 (fr) * | 2001-03-28 | 2002-10-02 | Japan Storage Battery Co., Ltd. | Procédé d'opération pour batterie secondaire et dispositif de batterie secondaire |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN112271765A (zh) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-26 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | 一种用于航天器的锂离子蓄电池组过充电保护方法 |
CN117523940A (zh) * | 2024-01-08 | 2024-02-06 | 深圳风向标教育资源股份有限公司 | 动力电池管理系统及实训教学平台 |
CN117523940B (zh) * | 2024-01-08 | 2024-04-19 | 深圳风向标教育资源股份有限公司 | 动力电池管理系统及实训教学平台 |
CN117872025A (zh) * | 2024-03-11 | 2024-04-12 | 天津普兰能源科技有限公司 | 一种电容器自放电挑选方法、系统及一致性检测方法 |
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